How to improve policing in Florida and beyond | Letters – Tampa Bay Times

Policing needs an upgrade

Minnesota officer who shot man to death meant to draw Taser, not handgun, chief says | April 12

I served as an assistant public defender at the beginning of my legal career for approximately five years. That experience left me aware of one true thing: Being a police officer is the toughest job you can ever imagine. On a daily basis, you are expected to be completely familiar with the latest nuances of constitutional law, a social worker who can defuse volatile situations, and the toughest man or woman in the valley. Ive never gone down a dark alley not knowing who might be there wishing to do me harm, or into a dark house. Unless you have, it may be wise to temper your criticism of our police.

Nevertheless, like so many people, I am dismayed and disheartened to see a continuous stream of African-Americans die at the hands of law-enforcement officers, when the offense that attracted the officers attention was relatively minor. Clearly change is needed in our manner of policing. Clearly the authorities need to understand that it not reasonable to respond to a routine traffic stop with the threat of deadly force, much less its use. New rules are clearly needed, and in making those rules we need to balance the rights of citizens with recognition of the degree of danger we ask police officers to accept as a part of their daily work lives.

Paul Ley, Belleair

DeSantis: Businesses requiring vaccine passports cant get state money | April 2

Gov. Ron DeSantis missed a golden opportunity to help Florida recover from the COVID-19 crisis. If he had encouraged vaccine passports rather than opposing them, many who are sitting on the fence about getting vaccinated might realize there would be places they cant go without one, and might change their minds about getting the jab. As it is, similar vaccination passports, while not for COVID vaccines, have always been required for travel to many countries abroad. A similar requirement for COVID vaccinations would be a powerful incentive for everyone to get vaccinated. Businesses and ticketed events in Florida would have a tool to keep their customers safer from infections, and with a resulting boost in the percentage of the population getting vaccine protection, we might be able to put the pandemic in the rear view mirror sooner.

Betsy Clement, Dunedin

Florida Senate approves anti-riot bill, heads now to DeSantis | April 15

If the Black, brown, progressive and other people who correctly interpret the anti-riot bill (HB1) as a another slap in the face by the white Republicans in Tallahassee, perhaps they should use the energy they would have spent protesting and instead direct it to getting everyone registered to vote, and then to actually vote in every election, every time. Voting is where the real power lies. In 30 years, whites will no longer be such a powerful majority, but we dont have to wait until then; we can vote them out right now.

James Condon, Port Richey

DeSantis wants voters signatures to match. Would his pass the test? | April 13

Thanks for publishing the article by Steve Contorno about Gov. Ron DeSantis signature changing over time. This points to the uselessness of signature matching as proof of identity except as a device and pretext to toss away someones legitimate vote.

Signatures have always been used as a backup method of proving the authenticity of a document when there is question about its validity. No one checks a will to see that the signature matches unless someone is challenging the authenticity of the will. Same with most checks and financial instruments, absent a question of forgery. A signature proves that the named person signed and committed themselves to the contractual obligation implied. Even today the illiterate can sign documents with an X so long as it is noted and properly witnessed.

Matching a signature would be a forensic exercise done by experts usually in a legal proceeding. May I suggest most election board members are not qualified to make a determination about a signature match in the first place? May I also suggest and that this is a process easily abused by the politically unscrupulous or those too easily intimidated by state and even federal officials?

Harley Lofton, Palm Harbor

Read more here:

How to improve policing in Florida and beyond | Letters - Tampa Bay Times

Ted Cruz says hes done with wearing a mask at the U.S. Capitol – mySA

Sen. Ted Cruz is once again facing backlash - this time for refusing to wear a face mask while on the job.

Last week, the Texas senator announced that he will no longer wear a mask while in the U.S. Capitol or when on the Senate floor. In an interview with CNN, he said his decision was due to everybody in the Senate having already received their COVID-19 vaccinations. He also quoted the Centers for Disease Control, which recently said small groups of vaccinated people can gather without masks.

Reports, however, indicate that a considerable number of senators, their aides, and journalists covering them have not yet been vaccinated. Oh, and the CDC website says that fully vaccinated people can meet without a mask in homes or private settings, but nothing about doing so in a large government office building.

Unlike in the House, lawmakers in the Senate are not required to wear masks. So far, Cruz joins Rand Paul of Kentucky and Ron Johnson of Washington, both Republican senators who have not been vaccinated, in not masking up. Half of the Senate is over the age of 65, which is considered one of the most vulnerable populations.

Cruzs announcement comes about a month after confronting a reporter who asked him to wear a mask during a press conference.

When I'm talking in front of the TV cameras I'm not going to wear a mask," Cruz told the reporter, adding that he and his colleagues had been vaccinated already. When the reporter again asked for Cruz to put on a mask, the senator told the reporter they could leave instead.

Read the original here:

Ted Cruz says hes done with wearing a mask at the U.S. Capitol - mySA

Elgin Mayor’s Awards for Preservation winners announced – Daily Herald

The winners are in for the annual Elgin Mayor's Awards for Preservation.

Given annually by the mayor based upon recommendation of the Elgin Heritage Commission, the Mayor's Awards recognize those who have preserved and promoted the heritage of Elgin.

Mayor David Kaptain will present preservation awards to 11 recipients who were nominated by their peers. Winners were selected based on their dedicated efforts to preserving Elgin's historic architecture, neighborhoods and cultural resources.

The award ceremony will be hosted by Imago Events on May 4 at the Discovery Church on Prairie Street. Due to pandemic restrictions, the even will be by invite only but will be livestreamed on the city's Facebook page starting at 7 p.m.

The winners are:

Elgin Public Museum: For celebrating its 100-year anniversary Nov. 12, 2020 with its Centennial Project.

Paul Spiller: For volunteering his time for the plumbing installation at the 1846 Nancy Kimball House, 302 W. Chicago St.

Ron Lange: For overseeing the acknowledgment and documentation of current and past athletes as part of the Elgin Sports Hall of Fame.

Terry Gabel and Sue Brigham: For their volunteerism and leadership in the continued success of the Friends of the Lords Park Zoo.

First Congregational Church: For dedication to long-term preservation and energy conservation of the 1889 church through the installation of solar panels.

Rudy and Lillian Galfi: For continuing a treasured Elgin History Museum event by going virtual, which brought thousands of online viewers to the annual cemetery walk in September 2020.

Ira Marcus: For creation of the new exhibit at the Elgin History Museum, "Art and Artifacts: Where History Meets Art Exhibit."

Elgin History Museum: For its "You Are Living History" documentation project that allows all residents to be active contributors in recording Elgin's recent past.

Aralei Properties: For rehabbing its property at 212-214 DuPage St. in the Downtown Commercial Historic District.

Carolyn Buhrow: For her inspiring photographs of Elgin's religious facilities and landmarks.

George Rowe: For his 20 years of dedication to Elgin's history. He will receive the George Van de Voorde Outstanding Service Award.

Six heritage building plaques also will be presented to Elgin homeowners who have researched the history and architecture of their historic houses. More than 500 plaques have been presented since the program's establishment in 1986.

This year's recipients are:

Antonio Rios, 839 Cedar Ave.

Adam and Elizabeth Long, 706 Douglas Ave.

Helen Therese Scibetta, 357 Hamilton Ave.

David and Karen Clark, 724 N. Spring St.

Bob and Beth Tierney, 225 Villa St.

Sandra Skulski, 1032 Prospect Blvd.

Read more:

Elgin Mayor's Awards for Preservation winners announced - Daily Herald

YKA Conducts Workshop On Identifying Fake News And Misinformation On The Internet – Youth Ki Awaaz

Wondering what to write about?Here are some topics to get you started

Share your details to download the report.

We promise not to spam or send irrelevant information.

Share your details to download the report.

We promise not to spam or send irrelevant information.

An ambassador and trained facilitator under Eco Femme (a social enterprise working towards menstrual health in south India), Sanjina is also an active member of the MHM Collective- India and Menstrual Health Alliance- India. She has conducted Menstrual Health sessions in multiple government schools adopted by Rotary District 3240 as part of their WinS project in rural Bengal. She has also delivered training of trainers on SRHR, gender, sexuality and Menstruation for Tomorrows Foundation, Vikramshila Education Resource Society, Nirdhan trust and Micro Finance, Tollygunj Women In Need, Paint It Red in Kolkata.

Now as an MH Fellow with YKA, shes expanding her impressive scope of work further by launching a campaign to facilitate the process of ensuring better menstrual health and SRH services for women residing in correctional homes in West Bengal. The campaign will entail an independent study to take stalk of the present conditions of MHM in correctional homes across the state and use its findings to build public support and political will to take the necessary action.

Saurabh has been associated with YKA as a user and has consistently been writing on the issue MHM and its intersectionality with other issues in the society. Now as an MHM Fellow with YKA, hes launched the Right to Period campaign, which aims to ensure proper execution of MHM guidelines in Delhis schools.

The long-term aim of the campaign is to develop an open culture where menstruation is not treated as a taboo. The campaign also seeks to hold the schools accountable for their responsibilities as an important component in the implementation of MHM policies by making adequate sanitation infrastructure and knowledge of MHM available in school premises.

Read more about his campaign.

Harshita is a psychologist and works to support people with mental health issues, particularly adolescents who are survivors of violence. Associated with the Azadi Foundation in UP, Harshita became an MHM Fellow with YKA, with the aim of promoting better menstrual health.

Her campaign #MeriMarzi aims to promote menstrual health and wellness, hygiene and facilities for female sex workers in UP. She says, Knowledge about natural body processes is a very basic human right. And for individuals whose occupation is providing sexual services, it becomes even more important.

Meri Marzi aims to ensure sensitised, non-discriminatory health workers for the needs of female sex workers in the Suraksha Clinics under the UPSACS (Uttar Pradesh State AIDS Control Society) program by creating more dialogues and garnering public support for the cause of sex workers menstrual rights. The campaign will also ensure interventions with sex workers to clear misconceptions around overall hygiene management to ensure that results flow both ways.

Read more about her campaign.

MH Fellow Sabna comes with significant experience working with a range of development issues. A co-founder of Project Sakhi Saheli, which aims to combat period poverty and break menstrual taboos, Sabna has, in the past, worked on the issue of menstruation in urban slums of Delhi with women and adolescent girls. She and her team also released MenstraBook, with menstrastories and organised Menstra Tlk in the Delhi School of Social Work to create more conversations on menstruation.

With YKA MHM Fellow Vineet, Sabna launched Menstratalk, a campaign that aims to put an end to period poverty and smash menstrual taboos in society. As a start, the campaign aims to begin conversations on menstrual health with five hundred adolescents and youth in Delhi through offline platforms, and through this community mobilise support to create Period Friendly Institutions out of educational institutes in the city.

Read more about her campaign.

A student from Delhi School of Social work, Vineet is a part of Project Sakhi Saheli, an initiative by the students of Delhi school of Social Work to create awareness on Menstrual Health and combat Period Poverty. Along with MHM Action Fellow Sabna, Vineet launched Menstratalk, a campaign that aims to put an end to period poverty and smash menstrual taboos in society.

As a start, the campaign aims to begin conversations on menstrual health with five hundred adolescents and youth in Delhi through offline platforms, and through this community mobilise support to create Period Friendly Institutions out of educational institutes in the city.

Find out more about the campaign here.

A native of Bhagalpur district Bihar, Shalini Jha believes in equal rights for all genders and wants to work for a gender-equal and just society. In the past shes had a year-long association as a community leader with Haiyya: Organise for Actions Health Over Stigma campaign. Shes pursuing a Masters in Literature with Ambedkar University, Delhi and as an MHM Fellow with YKA, recently launched Project (Alharh).

She says, Bihar is ranked the lowest in Indias SDG Index 2019 for India. Hygienic and comfortable menstruation is a basic human right and sustainable development cannot be ensured if menstruators are deprived of their basic rights. Project (Alharh) aims to create a robust sensitised community in Bhagalpur to collectively spread awareness, break the taboo, debunk myths and initiate fearless conversations around menstruation. The campaign aims to reach at least 6000 adolescent girls from government and private schools in Baghalpur district in 2020.

Read more about the campaign here.

A psychologist and co-founder of a mental health NGO called Customize Cognition, Ritika forayed into the space of menstrual health and hygiene, sexual and reproductive healthcare and rights and gender equality as an MHM Fellow with YKA. She says, The experience of working on MHM/SRHR and gender equality has been an enriching and eye-opening experience. I have learned whats beneath the surface of the issue, be it awareness, lack of resources or disregard for trans men, who also menstruate.

The Transmen-ses campaign aims to tackle the issue of silence and disregard for trans mens menstruation needs, by mobilising gender sensitive health professionals and gender neutral restrooms in Lucknow.

Read more about the campaign here.

A Computer Science engineer by education, Nitisha started her career in the corporate sector, before realising she wanted to work in the development and social justice space. Since then, she has worked with Teach For India and Care India and is from the founding batch of Indian School of Development Management (ISDM), a one of its kind organisation creating leaders for the development sector through its experiential learning post graduate program.

As a Youth Ki Awaaz Menstrual Health Fellow, Nitisha has started Lets Talk Period, a campaign to mobilise young people to switch to sustainable period products. She says, 80 lakh women in Delhi use non-biodegradable sanitary products, generate 3000 tonnes of menstrual waste, that takes 500-800 years to decompose; which in turn contributes to the health issues of all menstruators, increased burden of waste management on the city and harmful living environment for all citizens.

Lets Talk Period aims to change this by

Find out more about her campaign here.

Share your details to download the report.

We promise not to spam or send irrelevant information.

A former Assistant Secretary with the Ministry of Women and Child Development in West Bengal for three months, Lakshmi Bhavya has been championing the cause of menstrual hygiene in her district. By associating herself with the Lalana Campaign, a holistic menstrual hygiene awareness campaign which is conducted by the Anahat NGO, Lakshmi has been slowly breaking taboos when it comes to periods and menstrual hygiene.

A Gender Rights Activist working with the tribal and marginalized communities in india, Srilekha is a PhD scholar working on understanding body and sexuality among tribal girls, to fill the gaps in research around indigenous women and their stories. Srilekha has worked extensively at the grassroots level with community based organisations, through several advocacy initiatives around Gender, Mental Health, Menstrual Hygiene and Sexual and Reproductive Health Rights (SRHR) for the indigenous in Jharkhand, over the last 6 years.

Srilekha has also contributed to sustainable livelihood projects and legal aid programs for survivors of sex trafficking. She has been conducting research based programs on maternal health, mental health, gender based violence, sex and sexuality. Her interest lies in conducting workshops for young people on life skills, feminism, gender and sexuality, trauma, resilience and interpersonal relationships.

A Guwahati-based college student pursuing her Masters in Tata Institute of Social Sciences, Bidisha started the #BleedwithDignity campaign on the technology platform Change.org, demanding that the Government of Assam installbiodegradable sanitary pad vending machines in all government schools across the state. Her petition on Change.org has already gathered support from over 90000 people and continues to grow.

Bidisha was selected in Change.orgs flagship program She Creates Change having run successful online advocacycampaigns, which were widely recognised. Through the #BleedwithDignity campaign; she organised and celebrated World Menstrual Hygiene Day, 2019 in Guwahati, Assam by hosting a wall mural by collaborating with local organisations. The initiative was widely covered by national and local media, and the mural was later inaugurated by the events chief guest Commissioner of Guwahati Municipal Corporation (GMC) Debeswar Malakar, IAS.

Sign up for the Youth Ki Awaaz Prime Ministerial Brief below

Read more here:

YKA Conducts Workshop On Identifying Fake News And Misinformation On The Internet - Youth Ki Awaaz

Action to be taken against those spreading fake news on social media in Bhopal – India Today

Photo for representation

Action will be taken against those spreading fake news on social media in Madhya Pradesh's capital Bhopal.

Bhopal Collector Avinash Lavaniya has issued an order saying that those spreading fake news will be punished under the IT Act.

The administration is fearing that fake news will deteriorate the law and order situation in the city.

In his order, the Collector has written that recently it has come to the notice that some people put misleading news, false and objectionable messages, videos, pictures, and audio clips on social media. Such information creates panic among the public without any reason. These types of messages can sometimes provoke religious sentiments of different communities.

The notice says, "Do not send or share any such thing which is full of degrading discrimination against any community and religion, creates a state of fear or doubt in the public. If found doing so, legal action will be taken under Section 188 under the other provisions of the Information and Technology Act.

Also read: Facebook showed ads for fake Clubhouse for PC app with malware

Also read: Maharashtra HSC, SSC Exams 2021: Gaikwad dismisses fake news, no decision announced yet

Read the original here:

Action to be taken against those spreading fake news on social media in Bhopal - India Today

Unbiased Uses AI and Big Data to Fight Fake News – TechAcute

Nowadays, we are encountering a lot of fake news on the internet. Thats becoming a problem because a lot of people believe them, and it just lowers the credibility of many news outlets all over the world. Finding a solution towards fighting fake news is incredibly important, and thats why the startup Unbiased was created in the first place.

Unbiased is in a public beta state, and they provide a platform focused on user privacy where users are able to monetize their data and also receive incentives. The search app is also used for big data analytics can deliver insights to the users. Their opinions can have value, which helps make the experience better and more comprehensive. On top of that, with such tools, it will be easier than ever to move towards a healthier society where quality and transparency are the best values.

One of the main benefits of Unbiased is that it harnesses blockchain, AI, and machine learning as well as crowdsourcing. The main mission of the platform is to help users stay away from misinformation and fake news. This has become a major problem in the online world, but Unbiased fights against that and focuses on the delivery of better value and outstanding results in the long term. This is a much better alternative to current tools while still bringing in resounding benefits.

The Unbiased platform brings in a dedicated search engine, data marketplace, data integrity, and a great AI system designed to help you ensure that you have access only to the best information in the online world. The system itself is great because you can do a simple search to gain insights. You will also have data privacy and user consent.

At the same time, there are incentives for value creators. On top of that, Unbiased initiates a sharing economy and data marketplace designed to help make the entire process better and more convenient than ever before. Youre also getting access to a multitude of platform features. These include things like a dedicated messenger, all-in-one social media, digital tokens, and a digital wallet as well. Getting all these tools up and running will eventually help make the process better and more consistent than ever before. Its one of the best things about the platform, the fact that it constantly evolves, and it helps bring in a lot of growth to the social world.

Unbiased has a very noble goal of eliminating fake news and supporting creators of proper, high-quality content with the use of machine learning, AI, and blockchain. The results are great, and they are working extremely hard to push the boundaries and provide customers with extraordinary success. Its still growing as a platform, but the potential is huge, and it does bring in front some amazing benefits. All you have to do is to check it out for yourself, as it has tremendous potential.

YouTube: Unbiased Plattform Overview

Photo credit: The featured image has been taken by Filip Mishevski.

Did this article help you? If not, let us know what we missed.

Continue reading here:

Unbiased Uses AI and Big Data to Fight Fake News - TechAcute

Siddharth Varadarajan of The Wire spreads fake news a day after The Logical Indian apologised for the same: Read details – OpIndia

The Kumbh Mela has become a matter of concern for several people who had defended the Tablighi Jamaat when they had deliberately spread the virus by hiding in mosques, spit in places, pelted stones at police personnel and even defecated in hospitals. Almost determined to undermine Hindus and obfuscate facts, the propaganda has been at its highest. In the midst of this, Siddharth Varadarajan has resorted to spreading fake news again. In fact, the same fake news that the Logical Indians had apologised for just a day ago.

Siddharth Varadarajan took to Twitter to tweet The Wire article, with a comment why godi media warriors were not demanding he be arrested under the IPC and NDMA and Epidemic Diseases Act?, referring to the BJP leader Sunil Bharala.

The headline that was visible in the tweet preview of the article he plugged read, BJP MLA Says He Visited Kumbh Mela and Was COVID-19 Positive. The preview headline clearly insinuates that Bharala was actually COVID-19 positive at the time he visited the Kumbh Mela.

This, however, is not accurate. Logical Indian, that had first reported this, had just a day ago taken to Twitter to a apologise for spreading fake news.

In their statement, The Logical Indian said, The Logical Indian earlier reported that Uttar Pradesh BJP leader Sunil Bharala tested positive for COVID-19 and still attended the Kumbh Mela in Haridwar. However, in an interview with NDTV, the leader said that he attended the event and later added that he is currently COVID positive.

We wish to acknowledge that we inadvertently misrepresented the facts. The Logical Indian apologizes for the incorrect statement that claimed he attended the event while he was infected with the virus, he added.

In the fake news post, TLI attributed a fake quote to Sunil Bharala. The fake quote said, Im COVID positive myself. I still went to Kumbh. Dharma is above Corona guidelines. The news post further claimed that Kumbh Mela has become a Covid hotspot.

Interestingly, even after The Logical Indian apologised for spreading fake news, Siddharth Varadarajan took to Twitter to spread the same fake news and even demand that other media houses join in.

The article that The Wire wrote itself seems to have been updated since it does acknowledge that the Logical Indian apologised for spreading this news, however, Siddharth Varadarajan craftily took to Twitter to spread the fake news further and refused to delete it despite several people pointing out his error to him.

One Twitter user pointed out that if the Uttar Pradesh Government books him for deliberately spreading fake news, Varadarajan would cry FOE (like he had done before).

Another simply plugged the apology statement by The Logical Indian and assumed that Varadarajan had the IQ to understand that he was spreading fake news.

Another demanded that the Uttar Pradesh police arrest him for spreading fake news.

However, despite several such tweets, Varadarajan has refused to delete his post till the time this article was written.

In April 2020, two FIRs had been registered against The Wire Founder-Editor Siddharth Varadarajan for spreading fake news against Uttar Pradesh Chief Minister Yogi Adityanath. Varadarajan, in a bid to whitewash the deeds of Tablighi Jamaat. At that time, he hadwrongly attributed a fake quote to the UP CM.

Mrityunjay Kumar, the media advisor to the Uttar Pradesh Chief Minister, had informed that despite the warning from the state government, Varadarajan neither deleted the false article and nor apologised for the same. Therefore, an FIR had been registered against him.

In January 2021 as well, a complaint was registered in Uttar Pradesh against The Wire Editor Siddharth Varadarajan forpublishingand circulating false propaganda with intent to cause violence after he had tweeted an article void of any facts pertaining to the death of a rioter during the tractor rally.

The complaint was registered against Varadarajan under Section 153B and 505of the IPC in Rampur police station for trying to instigate the crowd by peddling false information about the death of a rioter named Navreet Singh, who had died during the tractor rally after his tractor turtled.

In fact, after the FIR was filed against Siddharth Varadarajan for spreading fake news in a bid to shield the Tablighi Jamaat, several liberals had come out to cry Freedom of Expression and even threatened the Yogi Adityanath government with USA pressure to ensure that the case against Varadarajan was withdrawn.

It is clear that Siddharth Varadarajan has a habit of spreading fake news against Uttar Pradesh, its Chief Minister and its ministers and when the government takes action, he and his coterie cry freedom of expression to shield themselves. If under the current situation, the Uttar Pradesh government decides to act against him, it is almost a certainty that he and his cohorts will cry about how media freedom is under threat while refusing to delete the blatantly fake news that he has clearly chosen to spread.

Read more here:

Siddharth Varadarajan of The Wire spreads fake news a day after The Logical Indian apologised for the same: Read details - OpIndia

Fake news attacks feature in NATO cyber war game – The Star Online

TALLINN: A fake news site attacking a NATO member recovering from the pandemic is part of the fictional scenario in an alliance cyber war game this week billed as the world's largest.

In the exercise, non-NATO member Crimsonia attacks vital infrastructure such as water supplies and mobile networks on the island state of Berylia, as well as the financial sector.

Crimsonia is also engaging in information warfare, persuading the people of Berylia that their government is responsible for a series of accidents through fake news and social media posts.

The Locked Shields 2021 exercise included 2,000 experts from 30 countries and was organised by the Estonia-based NATO Cooperative Cyber Defence Centre of Excellence (CCDCOE).

This year the exercise featured several new dilemmas, said Commander Michael Widmann, Head of the CCDCOE Strategy Branch.

The exercise examined how evolving technologies, such as deepfakes, will shape future conflict. The cyber domain and information warfare operate hand in hand in the modern environment, he said, calling for governments to have strong strategic communication policies to mitigate these risks.

In the exercise, he said the teams had to find ways for the government of Berylia to communicate in a manner that does not confuse or, worse yet, panic members of the general public.

Adrian Venables, a British academic who has been involved in the exercise for the past seven years, told AFP that while the information campaign part of the exercise was voluntary it was designed so that teams taking part would score higher.

Venables said the information warfare elements provide additional realism and context although the main focus of the exercise is still technical.

The exercise was taking place alongside a real-world cyber defence conference in Tallinn at which NATO Deputy Secretary General Mircea Geoana on Thursday warned that the pandemic has made countries more vulnerable to cyberattacks.

Russia and China have tried to use the Covid-19 crisis to exploit vulnerabilities, including those in cyberspace, with cyber-enabled disinformation campaigns, designed to sow distrust and division in our democratic societies, he said. AFP

View original post here:

Fake news attacks feature in NATO cyber war game - The Star Online

Pro-AAP vlogger Dhruv Rathee spreads fake news about only BJP campaigning for Bengal elections, gives clean chit to TMC, Left, and Congress – OpIndia

Amidst rising Coronavirus cases in the country, pro-Aam Aadmi Party (AAP) vlogger Dhruv Rathee blamed the BJP for risking the lives of people by continuing with its election campaigning in West Bengal.

In a Facebook post on Monday (April 19), Rathee alleged, Rahul Gandhi, Left Parties and Mamata Banerjee have all stopped their election campaigns now. Furthermore, he added, Only Modi and Shah are shameless enough to continue playing with peoples lives. For them, politics >your life. His remarks were directed against the BJP for conducting large gatherings ahead of the 6th phase of polls in West Bengal.

While Dhruv Rathee had made the allegations on Facebook, he did not re-upload the post on his Twitter timeline. However, his post about an actor named Nakuul Mehta supposedly exposing the harsh reality in India can be found on both social media platforms. Dhruv Rathee has a history of peddling fake news and has often been called out on Twitter. As such, he perhaps planned to evade backlash over his baseless allegations by simply not re-posting it on the microblogging site.

In order to cross-verify his claim that all parties with the exception of BJP have stopped their election campaigns, we first visited the official Facebook page of Mamata Banerjee. The first post on her Facebook timeline was a live stream of an election rally at Hemtabad in Uttar Dinajpur district. A simple search debunked the claim that the Trinamool Congress supremo has stopped conducting election campaigns.

As a matter of fact, Mamata Banerjee was accompanied by thousands of Trinamool Congress workers during her massive roadshow from Dhakuria Bridge to the Kalighat crossing yesterday. While the West Bengal CM remain seated in her wheelchair, her supporters followed her with complete disregard to social distancing guidelines.

We had also exposed how Mamata Banerjee and the ruling Trinamool Congress dispensation has been able to successfully evade public scrutiny by shrewdly avoiding live streaming of political rallies on Twitter. While a concerned Mamata Banerjee tweets to Election Commission about rising Coronavirus cases on Twitter, her Facebook timeline is filled with videos of election rallies violating social distancing guidelines.

This strategy also seems to be working as a quick scan of major mainstream media coverage will show how they have not been covering most of her rallies while they have been going hammer and tongs against the BJP rallies.

Dhruv Rathee had also explicitly mentioned the name of Congress scion Rahul Gandhi in a bid to target the BJP and give a clean chit to the Congress. It must be mentioned that on Sunday, Gandhiattributedelection rallies to the rising Coronavirus cases in the country. This is despite the fact that he had addressed a large gathering in Goalpokhar in West Bengal ahead of the 5th phase of Vidhan Sabha polls just a few days back.

Afterrealisingthat election rallies wont be of much help to the partys prospects, Rahul Gandhi decided to call them off. But despite the Congress leaders diktat, party MP Adhir Ranjan Chowdhury continued to attend crowded rallies. On Sunday, Adhir Ranjan Chowdhury had shared pictures from his rally at the Naoda Vidhan Sabha Constituency in support of the alliance-backed candidate. He also shared pictures from a rally in Malda in support of another candidate.

This runs counter to the claim of Dhruv Rathee that Congress has stopped conducting election campaigns. At the same time, Gandhis announcement of cancelling his rallies in West Bengal appears to be a tactic only to earn plaudits on social media. The reality on the ground is quite different.

On April 16, CPI(M) leader and former Rajya Sabha member Md Salim posted a tweet declaring that since the Coronavirus is raging across the country, the CPI(M) had decided not to hold any big political event. In his tweet, he even urged the Prime Minister of India and West Bengal chief minister to act responsibly and put the country before the party.

However, hours after taking the moral high ground and pompously announcing that his party would not be organising any big political event, Md Salim took part in a huge political roadshow organised by CPI(M) at Hemtabad in Bengal for canvassing support for Sanjukta Morcha supported CPI(M) candidate Bhupen Barman. In a tweet dated April 17, the party presided over a big political roadshow where participants were seen flouting basic social distancing protocols and not wearing masks.

In another instance, on April 18, two days after Md Salim claimed that CPI(M) had called off big political events in the light of the coronavirus outbreak, a public meeting was organised by the party in support of Fuad Halim, CPI(M) candidate from the Ballygunj constituency.

Its clear that the claims made by pro-AAP vlogger Dhruv Rathee are false and motivated. Although he tried to make a case against the BJP through his shrewd Twitter strategy and the art of cherry-picking, it only exposed his bias.

Continued here:

Pro-AAP vlogger Dhruv Rathee spreads fake news about only BJP campaigning for Bengal elections, gives clean chit to TMC, Left, and Congress - OpIndia

Complaining not fixing nation’s woes | News, Sports, Jobs – Evening Observer

The illegal alien problem has been going on far too long. Nothing is being done by the Democrats in Washington. All they do is complain about the situation, but they are not doing anything to solve this major problem in our country.

All Democrats seem to care about is how they can impeach a duly elected president of the United States. All this because the Democrats lost the 2016 election. Now the Democrats have people in Congress who are anti-our way of life, anti-working Americans, anti-citizens of this country. They have gone out of their way to upset this country, along with the fake news television networks and of course the nuts in Hollywood. They want open borders. They want everything free, including health care.

They want illegals to have drivers licenses. They dont want any type of checks on those who are illegal in this country. They want socialism in this country, but who in the Democratic party has gone overseas to see how the other half lives, especially under socialism, who bankrupt good countries? They create unrest, just like in this country when the Democrats dont get their way. The only way this lunacy ends is when those Democrats in office in Washington and Albany are voted out of office so we can have some semblance of order in this country and both parties can work together again.

When finally both parties will listen to the taxpayers and citizens of this country, they will bring back common sense in our government.

Biden has caused a shocking blunder for this country at the border.

Richard Makuch is a Dunkirk resident. Send comments to editorial@observertoday.com

Today's breaking news and more in your inbox

Read the original:

Complaining not fixing nation's woes | News, Sports, Jobs - Evening Observer

Maniyanpilla Rajus son rubbishes fake news on actors health, says he recovered from COVID – Mathrubhumi English

Thiruvananthapuram: Actor Maniyanpilla Rajus son Niranjan has rubbished the fake news on his fathers health. He appealed to all not to circulate rumours on his fathers health condition. Maniyanpilla Raju who was hospitalised after testing COVID positive has recovered from the disease. He is currently taking rest at home.

The actor who is also a producer is expected to resume work soon after his health improves.

Maniyanpilla Raju was hospitalised for more than two weeks after pneumonia along with COVID-19 infection. When this news was reported, many people circulated fake news on his health condition.

Now, his son Niranjan took to his Facebook page reacting to the fake news.

I kindly ask everyone and those medias to stop publishing fakes news about my father, he recovered over two weeks ago and is doing well and fine at home. Thank you!, wrote Niranjan on his Facebook page.

Go here to see the original:

Maniyanpilla Rajus son rubbishes fake news on actors health, says he recovered from COVID - Mathrubhumi English

Kevin Durant blasts Shannon Sharpe for sharing fake news about him: ‘You go on tv in front of everybody pushing fake s**t’ – Basketball Network

Kevin Durant didnt take it too kindly after some of the recent comments Shannon Sharpe made on his show Undisputed with Skip Bayles. Sharpe went on a rant, saying that Kevin Durant stated he is no longer chasing championship rings after joining the Brooklyn Nets. The thing that bothers Durant the most is the quote Sharpe used on the show that apparently Durant never said even though Sharpe quoted him and made a story out of it.

If LeBron James is the GOAT, I beat the GOAT twice, hit the shots in his building, what does that make me.

Durant went on his Twitter account and actively called out Sharpe for lying and saying things that werent true. That resulted in Sharpe blocking Durant on social media, which added more fuel to the fire, and Durant called him sensitive. Apparently, Sharpe reached out to Durant to discuss everything in a private and civilized way, but Durant is not buying it.

That is not the first time the media members get into an altercation with the players and is most definitely not the last time. These types of confrontations occur pretty frequently, and this time if Durant is right and if Sharpe misquoted him to make a story out of it, that is unprofessional, and he has every right to be frustrated. Well see if he accepts Sharpes apology and they squash everything, but knowing Durant, he will probably not let Sharpe get off the hook so easily.

See the original post here:

Kevin Durant blasts Shannon Sharpe for sharing fake news about him: 'You go on tv in front of everybody pushing fake s**t' - Basketball Network

View On Astronomy: April means it’s time to say farewell to winter constellations – The Independent

Weather-wise, spring has hopefully sprung as we begin April. But did you know that many of the prominent winter constellations can still be observed? If the cold and snowy conditions of February and March prevented you from exploring the winter sky, its now time to say farewell to some star patterns that often get overlooked during mid-winter in our region of the country. With public night viewing at Seagrave Observatory and Ladd Observatory closed due to COVID-19, even I did not observe my winter sky friends. Its difficult to set up a telescope in ones backyard with 18 inches of snow on the ground.

Once this column is published, I want you to scan the western sky after sunset to bid goodbye to many of the skies brightest star patterns. See the accompanying star map. Start with Perseus toward the northwest, then move your gaze south (to the left). Here you will encounter Taurus, with the prominent star clusters named the Pleiades (aka the Seven Sisters) and the Hyades. While a binocular view of the Pleiades does show a nice image, the ideal sight you want to achieve is with a telescope under low magnification so the entire cluster fits into the field of view. In a dark, moonless sky, the Pleiades remind me of sparkling diamonds scattered upon black velvet.

Above Perseus and Taurus, youll find Auriga. To the south (left) of Taurus youll encounter the Mighty Hunter Orion. And further to the left will be Canis Major, home of Sirius, the brightest star we can see in our sky other than the sun. Youll find Gemini, the twins above Orion, and this star pattern will be the last of the winter constellations to set below the horizon.

If you dont explore anything else in this region of the heavens before the constellations set, make an effort to observe the Orion Nebula if you havent already done so this past winter season. Usually, the local observatories would have focused on this beautiful region of stellar dust and gas for many weeks, but closures prevented that activity during the winter of 2020-2021. In past columns over the years, I have highlighted this remarkable region of space where new stars are in the process of being born. Following is a brief description.

The grandeur of Orion resides in the region of his sword. Using binoculars, youll see a wispy, hazy patch of green light enshrouding the stars. Using a telescope even under low magnification will reveal a greenish tinged nebula of dust and gas the magnificent Orion Nebula. I never tire of observing this vast dust cloud, often imagining what this region of space will look like when upwards of 1000 stars will be born here.

Mars Still Visible

Due to the orbital paths of Mars and the Earth, when Mars is visible it remains so for an extended period of time. The contrary is also true. When Mars disappears from view it remains hidden for an extended period of time. Right now, you can still observe Mars, as it resides in the constellation of Taurus. See star map. You may recall that Mars and the Earth had a close encounter last Oct. 6, when our two worlds were only 38.6 million miles away from one another. At that time Mars was a very bright pumpkin orange in the night sky and its disk was large enough to see a wealth of detail using a telescope. On April 1 that distance will be 164.5 million miles. Mars will be much dimmer than it was back in October. In fact, it will now be fainter than Taurus brightest star Aldebaran. While the planet will appear small even in a modest-sized telescope, perfect seeing conditions may allow one to discern a Martian surface feature or two. It doesnt hurt to try.

April Lyrids Meteor Shower

I always look forward to a decent display of shooting stars. While the upcoming April Lyrids meteor display on the night of April 21-22 is not a blockbuster event, one can potentially observe upwards of 20 meteors per hour in a dark country sky. The Lyrids appear to radiate outward from an area of sky on the Lyra-Hercules border near the bright star Vega, which will be about 45 degrees (halfway between the horizon and zenith) above the eastern horizon at midnight and well-placed for observing.

A bright waxing gibbous Moon, about 70% illuminated, will somewhat reduce visibility of the fainter meteors. However, it will be located more than 100 degrees away to the west in the constellation of Leo, to the right of the backwards question mark asterism. While still a nuisance light source, the moon shouldnt compromise your observing session. Try to block its brightness using a building or some trees.

These swift and bright meteors disintegrate after hitting our atmosphere at a moderate speed of 29.8 miles per second. They often produce luminous trains of dust that can be observed for several seconds. The moon will set just before 4 a.m. EDT, leaving a little more than an hour of moonless sky before dawns early light will begin to overwhelm the stars and the meteors.

Best of luck in all your observing endeavors.

The author has been involved in the field of observational astronomy in Rhode Island for more than 35 years. He serves as historian of Skyscrapers Inc., the second oldest continuously operating amateur astronomical society in the United States.

More here:

View On Astronomy: April means it's time to say farewell to winter constellations - The Independent

Astronomers find the ‘safest place’ to live in the Milky Way – Space.com

Astronomers havesearched the entire Milky Way to identify the safest places to live.It turns out, we're in a pretty good spot.

But if the past year has made you feel ready to relocate to another planet, you might want to looktoward thecenter of the galaxy, according to the new research.

The new findings were made by a group of Italian astronomers, who studied locations where powerful cosmic explosions may have killed off life. These explosions, such as supernovas and gamma-ray bursts, spew high-energy particles and radiation that can shred DNA and kill life. By this logic, regions that are more hospitable to life will be the ones without frequent explosions, the astronomers reasoned.

"Powerful cosmic explosions are not negligible for the existence of life in our galaxy throughout its cosmic history," said lead author on the new study, Riccardo Spinelli, astronomer at the University of Insubria in Italy. "These events have played a role in jeopardizing life across most of the Milky Way."

Related: 11 fascinating facts about our Milky Way galaxy

In addition to finding the deadliest hotspots, the astronomers also identified the safest places throughout the galaxy's history, going back 11 billion years. The results show that we're currently at the edge of a wide band of hospitable real estate. But in the Milky Way'syouth, the galaxy's edges were a safer bet.

Many factors make a planet habitable. For instance, planets need to be in a Goldilocks zone, where heat and activity from their host star isn't too much or too little it's just right. But in addition to these local conditions, life also has to combat harmful radiation coming from interstellar space.

Powerful cosmic events, such assupernovas and gamma-ray bursts, stream dangerous, high-energy particles at nearly the speed of light. Not only can they kill all the lifeforms we know about, but these particles can also strip entire planets of their atmospheres. After such an event, the scientists believe that planets orbiting nearby star systems would be wiped clear of life.

Related: The 9 real ways Earth could end

"For planets very close to the stellar explosion it is plausible that there is a complete sterilization," Spinelli told Live Science. "In those far away, a mass extinction is more likely."

The authors wrote in the study that a nearby gamma-ray burst may have played a leading role in theOrdovician mass extinction event around 450 million years ago the second largest in Earth's history. While there is no concrete evidence linking a specific gamma-ray burst to this extinction event, the authors think it could be likely, given Earth's position in the galaxy.

Using models of star formation and evolution, the astronomers calculated when specific regions of the galaxy would be inundated with killer radiation. Early on in the galaxy's history, the inner galaxy out to about 33,000 light-years was alight with intense star formation, which rendered it inhospitable. At this time, the galaxy was frequently rocked by powerful cosmic explosions, but the outermost regions, which had fewer stars, were mostly spared these cataclysms.

Until about 6 billion years ago, most of the galaxy was regularly sterilized by massive explosions. As the galaxy aged, such explosions became less common. Today, the mid regions, forming a ring from 6,500 light-years from the galaxy's center to around 26,000 light-years from the center, are the safest areas for life. Closer to the center, supernovas and other events are still common, and in the outskirts, there are fewer terrestrial planets and more gamma-ray bursts.

Luckily for us, our galactic neighborhood is getting more and more life-friendly. In the long-term galactic future, there will be fewer extreme events nearby that could cause another mass extinction.

The new paper's conclusions seem reasonable at first glance, Steven Desch, an astrophysicist at Arizona State University, told Live Science.

"I'm pleased to note that they do seem to put [the research] in a rigorous framework and have realistic expectations about what a gamma ray burst would do, and account for factors that sometimes people forget," such as how the energy and material released by gamma-ray bursts isnt equal in all directions, said Desch, who was not involved with the new work. "I haven't gone through their numbers in detail, but at first glance it's reasonable."

The new research, published in the March issue of the journal Astronomy and Astrophysics, might one day help astronomers decide where to search for habitable exoplanets. But for now technology limits astronomers to only searching nearby areas, Desch said.

Originally published on Live Science.

Link:

Astronomers find the 'safest place' to live in the Milky Way - Space.com

The Vera C. Rubin Observatory and Women of Chilean Astronomy – National Air and Space Museum

In March 2020, the Vera C. Rubin Observatory sat partially erected, perched on Chiles Cerro Pachn in the foothills of the Andes Mountains. The Observatory had halted construction of the 8.4-meter telescope and its associated buildings due to the coronavirus pandemic. By October 2020, with safety precautions in place, construction teams began to slowly return to the mountain. Earlier this month, just one year after its unexpected closure, the Rubin Observatory reached a major milestone when crew used a crane to lower the top end of the telescope, weighing approximately 28 tons and measuring 10 meters in diameter, through the observatorys open dome and into its place on the telescope. This was one of the last remaining heavy pieces to be added to the telescope as the project nears completion and looks forward to beginning regular observations in 2022.

Once in operation, the Rubin Observatory will survey the sky above it, capturing images every few nights to create a catalog of data and a map of the visible universe. Astronomers will use this accumulation of roughly 20 terabytes of data each night, enough to hold the equivalent of four million of your favorite songs, to push our scientific understanding of the structure and evolution of the universe.

Initially called the Large Synoptic Survey Telescope, the Vera C. Rubin Observatory was renamed to honor a pioneer in astronomy, particularly in the field of dark matter, one of the many mysteries the new observatory is expected to help probe. Beginning in the 1960s, Dr. Vera Rubin used a new instrument designed by Kent Ford to study the motion of galaxies. Rubin discovered that the stars in the galaxies she observed orbited faster than expected. One explanation for this discrepancy was that there was more mass in the galaxy than could be seen in the stars alone. Rubins observations helped provide the best observational evidence that the universe is not only composed of ordinary matter, but is actually dominated by dark matter.

In 2019, two U.S. House of Representative members, Eddie Bernice Johnson and Jennifer Gonzlez-Coln, introduced the congressional bill to rename the observatory, the text of which noted Rubins pioneering astronomical work, but also the barriers she faced because of her gender. Princeton University, Rubins preferred choice for graduate work, did not allow women to apply to its programs and the astronomical community largely ignored Rubins research early in her career. Eventually she succeeded in securing a position at the Carnegie Institution of Washington and became the first woman to officially observe at the Palomar Observatory, which was home to the worlds largest telescope. Before her death in 2016, Rubin served as a mentor to other women astronomers and fought for better gender parity in astronomy.

Rubin observed the universe with some of the largest telescopes available during the late twentieth century, including those in Chile, at the newly established Cerro Tololo Inter-American Observatory and the Las Campanas Observatory. When Rubin began her astronomical career, Chile held a small fraction of the worlds telescopes. However, largely due to the nearly perfect dry and clear conditions, particularly in the Atacama Desert in Chiles northern region, today Chile contains the vast majority, around 70%, of the worlds large ground-based telescopes.

Most Chilean observatories constructed in the last 60 years are operated by North American and European nations. For their access to Chiles pristine skies, these international collaborators agreed to reserve 10% of observing time for Chilean astronomers, a percentage that many argue is not adequate. The number of Chilean universities offering PhD degrees in astronomy has increased in the last decade and the number of professional astronomers working in Chile has tripled in that decade alone. At the Vera C. Rubin Observatory, all of the data will be made available to both Chilean and U.S astronomers which should aid the growing number of astronomers in Chile. However, in Chile, women astronomers still only account for 15% of the countrys astronomers, which is about half their representation worldwide. Placing Rubins name on a new observatory and providing greater access to its data is a recognition of her incredible accomplishments and tireless efforts but it is also a reminder of the continued marginalization of women in astronomy and the further inequity across race and nationality.

While the number of women astronomers in Chile remains low, women have succeeded in contributing to the extension of our knowledge of the universe. Dr. Mara Teresa Ruiz broke through her own barriers as she worked to become a trailblazer for women in Chilean astronomy. Born in Santiago, Ruiz was the first woman to earn a degree in the newly formed astronomy program at the University of Chile. When she graduated there were no astronomy PhD granting programs in Chile so she traveled to the United States where she attended Princeton University, the same institution where two decades earlier, Rubin had not been permitted to apply. In 1975, Ruiz became the first woman to earn a PhD in astrophysics at Princeton. Ruiz eventually returned to Chile and helped to rebuild and foster the university system. In 1997, she discovered one of the first free floating brown dwarfs using the European Southern Observatorys La Silla observatory. Brown dwarfs are star-like objects that are too small to fuse hydrogen but too large to be planets. Their discovery and subsequent study refuted the hypothesis that brown dwarfs may account for a significant amount of the dark matter in the universe. For her long and accomplished career in astronomy, Ruiz was awarded Chiles National Prize for Exact Sciences and remains a leader for science in Chile.

Ruiz paved the way for younger scientists to follow in her footsteps. Dr. Brbara Rojas-Ayala began her astronomical studies under Ruiz and continues to research dwarf stars at the University of Tarapac. Dr. Maritza Soto has already impressed with the discovery of three planets, the first of which she discovered in 2011 while a graduate student at the University of Chile. Soto continues her research while hoping to normalize careers in astronomy, particularly for women. In 2019, Soto hoped to import that astronomy is not alien stuff that only two people in the world do; its really a career path. Its something you can do, that anyone can do, if you work a lot for it. Its not impossible, you dont have to be a genius, she says. You can just be a normal person.

By the time the Vera Rubin Observatory begins operations in 2022, followed by other large telescopes built along the Chilean Andes, we can hope that the number of women astronomers using those facilities will continue to rise. To accomplish this, major steps still need to be taken and enforced to make the astronomy community more inviting and more supportive of women, particularly in the places that host the worlds telescopes.

Link:

The Vera C. Rubin Observatory and Women of Chilean Astronomy - National Air and Space Museum

Light pollution from satellites ‘poses threat’ to astronomy – The Guardian

Artificial satellites and space junk orbiting the Earth can increase the brightness of the night sky, researchers have found, with experts warning such light pollution could hinder astronomers ability to make observations of our universe.

There are more than 9,200 tonnes of space objects in orbit around the Earth, ranging from defunct satellites to tiny fragments, according to the European Space Agency (ESA). Now it seems space junk not only poses a collision risk but, together with other space objects, is contributing to light pollution.

Writing in the Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, researchers describe how sunlight that is reflected and scattered from space objects can appear as streaks in observations made by ground-based telescopes.

Because the streaks are often comparable to or brighter than objects of astrophysical interest, their presence tends to compromise astronomical data and poses the threat of irretrievable loss of information, the team writes.

But for some instruments, the impact could be greater still. When imaged with high angular resolution and high sensitivity detectors, many of these objects appear as individual streaks in science images, they write. However, when observed with relatively low-sensitivity detectors like the unaided human eye, or with low-angular-resolution photometers, their combined effect is that of a diffuse night sky brightness component, much like the unresolved integrated starlight background of the Milky Way.

Calculations in the report suggest this glow could reach up to 10% of the natural night sky brightness a level of light pollution previously set by the International Astronomical Union (IAU) as being the limit that is acceptable at astronomical observatory sites.

While the researchers say the idea of a natural level of brightness has its own difficulties, they stress further research is necessary, adding that the situation could become worse as further satellites, including mega-constellations, are launched.

Greg Brown, a Royal Observatory astronomer who was not involved in the study, said light pollution was a big problem for astronomers.

Telescopes like the soon-to-be-operational Vera C Rubin Observatory are expecting vast contamination of their images from just the mega-constellations expected in the next few years, which will be difficult and costly to compensate for and do seriously risk scientists missing out on key scientific discoveries, he said.

While Brown said it was unclear whether the assumptions made in the study held true, given changes in satellite design and the difficulty of estimating small space debris, he said astronomical observations would be increasingly affected by such light pollution.

This is definitely the time to be concerned about the future of both professional and amateur astronomy, he said.

Prof Danny Steeghs of the University of Warwick said there was a balance to be struck between the benefits of satellites and their impact on our ability to study the night sky, but agreed light pollution was likely to be a growing, and escalating, problem.

We can, as astronomers, remove or reduce the direct impact on our data somewhat by employing image processing techniques, but of course it would be a lot better if they are not there for starters, he said.

Fabio Falchi, from the Light Pollution Science and Technology Institute in Italy, said the problem was global. The distribution of the space debris is fairly uniform around our planet, so the contamination is already present everywhere, he said, suggesting those responsible for the problem should help to solve it.

Maybe Elon Musk can put his engineers at work to find out a solution, at least to counterbalance a little the damage that his Starlink mega-constellation of satellites is going to make to the starry sky, he said.

While projects have recently begun to clean up space junk, Steeghs said one difficulty was that small fragments could be tricky to sweep up yet could nonetheless contribute to the light pollution.

Chris Lintott, a professor of astrophysics at the University of Oxford, also stressed the need for action. It does seem that simple efforts like building satellites out of darker materials might be very helpful, and I hope operators will take such steps as soon as possible, he said.

Link:

Light pollution from satellites 'poses threat' to astronomy - The Guardian

If Astronomers see Isoprene in the Atmosphere of an Alien World, Theres a Good Chance Theres Life There – Universe Today

It is no exaggeration to say that the study of extrasolar planets has exploded in recent decades. To date, 4,375 exoplanets have been confirmed in 3,247 systems, with another 5,856 candidates awaiting confirmation. In recent years, exoplanet studies have started to transition from the process of discovery to one of characterization. This process is expected to accelerate once next-generation telescopes become operational.

As a result, astrobiologists are working to create comprehensive lists of potential biosignatures, which refers to chemical compounds and processes that are associated with life (oxygen, carbon dioxide, water, etc.) But according to new research by a team from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), another potential biosignature we should be on the lookout for is a hydrocarbon called isoprene (C5H8).

The study that describes their findings, Assessment of Isoprene as a Possible Biosignature Gas in Exoplanets with Anoxic Atmospheres, recently appeared online and has been accepted for publication by the journal Astrobiology. For the sake of their study, the MIT team looked at the growing list of possible biosignatures that astronomers will be on the lookout for in the coming years.

To date, the vast majority of exoplanets have been detected and confirmed using indirect methods. For the most part, astronomers have relied on the Transit Method (Transit Photometry) and the Radial Velocity Method (Doppler Spectroscopy), alone or in combination. Only a few have been detectable using Direct Imaging, which makes it very difficult to characterize exoplanet atmospheres and surfaces.

Only on rare occasions have astronomers been able to obtain spectra that allowed them to determine the chemical composition of that planets atmosphere. This was either the result of light passing through an exoplanets atmosphere as it transitted in front of its star or in the few cases where Direct Imaging occurred and light reflected from the exoplanets atmosphere could be studied.

Much of this has had to do with the limits of our current telescopes, which do not have the necessary resolution to observe smaller, rocky planets that orbit closer to their star. Astronomers and astrobiologists believe that it is these planets that are most likely to be potentially habitable, but any light reflected from their surfaces and atmospheres is overpowered by the light coming from their stars.

However, that will change soon as next-generation instruments like the James Webb Space Telescope (JWST) takes to space. Sara Seager, the Class of 1941 Professor of Physics and Planetary Sciences at MIT, leads the research group responsible (aka. the Seager Group) and was a co-author on the paper. As she told Universe Today via email:

With the upcoming October 2021 launch of the James Webb Space Telescope wewillhave our first capability of searching for biosignature gasesbut it will be tough because the atmospheric signals of small rocky planet are so weakto begin with. With the JWST on thehorizon the number of people working in thefield has growntremendously.Studies such as this one coming up with newpotential biosignature gases, and other workshowing potential false positives even for gases such as oxygen.

Once it is deployed and operational, the JWST will be able to observe our Universe at longer wavelengths (in the near- and mid-infrared range) and with greatly improved sensitivity. The telescope will also rely on a series of spectrographs to obtain composition data, as well as coronagraphs to block out the obscuring light of parent stars. This technology will enable astronomers to characterize the atmospheres of smaller rocky planets.

In turn, this data will allow scientists to place much tighter constraints on an exoplanets habitability and could even lead to the detection of known (and/or potential) biosignatures. As noted, these biosignatures include the chemical indications associated with life and biological process, not to mention the types of conditions that are favorable to it.

These include oxygen gas (O2), which is essential to most forms of life on Earth and is produced by photosynthetic organisms (plants, trees, cyanobacteria, etc.). These same organisms metabolize carbon dioxide (CO2), which oxygen-metabolizing life emits as a waste product. Theres also water (H2O), which is essential to all life as we know it, and methane (CH4), which is emitted by decaying organic matter.

Since volcanic activity is believed to play an important role in planetary habitability, the chemical byproducts associated with volcanism hydrogen sulfide (H2S), sulfur dioxide (SO2), carbon monoxide (CO), hydrogen gas (H2), etc. are also considered biosignatures. To this list, Zhan, Seager, and their colleagues wished to add another possible biosignature isoprene. As Zhan explained to Universe Today via email:

Our research group at MIT focuses on using a holistic approach to explore all possible gases as potential biosignature gas. Our prior work led to the creation of the all small molecules database. We proceed to filter the ASM database to identify the most plausible biosignature gas candidates, one of which is isoprene, using machine learning and data-driven approaches Dr. Zhuchang Zhan.

Like its cousin methane, isoprene is an organic hydrocarbon molecule that is produced as a secondary metabolite by various species here on Earth. In addition to deciduous trees, isoprene is also produced by a diverse array of evolutionary-distant organisms such as bacteria, plants, and animals. As Seager explained, this makes it promising as a potential biosignature:

Isoprene is promising because it is produced in vastqualities by life on Earthas much as methane production!Furthermore, a hugevariety of life forms (from bacteria to plants and animals), those that are evolutionary distant from each other, produce isoprene, suggesting it might be some kind of keybuilding block that life elsewhere might also make.

While isoprene is about as abundant as methane here on Earth, isoprene is destroyed by interaction with oxygen and oxygen-containing radicals. For this reason, Zhang, Seager, and their team chose to focus on anoxic atmospheres. These are environments that are predominantly composed of H2, CO2, and nitrogen gas (N2), which is similar to what Earths primordial atmosphere was composed of.

According to their findings, a primordial planet (where life is beginning to emerge) would have abundant isoprene in its atmosphere. This would have been the case on Earth between 4 and 2.5 billion years ago when single-celled organisms were the only life and photosynthetic cyanobacteria were slowly converting Earths atmosphere into one that was oxygen-rich.

By 2.5 billion years ago, this culminated in the Great Oxygenation Event (GOE), which proved toxic to many organisms (and metabolites like isoprene). It was also during this time that complex lifeforms (eukaryotes and multi-celled organisms) began to emerge. In this respect, isoprene could be used to characterize planets that are in the midst of a major evolutionary shift and laying the groundwork for future animal phyla.

But as Zhang noted, teasing out this potential biosignature will be a challenge, even for the JWST:

The caveats with isoprene as a biomarker are that: 1. 10x-100x the Earths Isoprene production rate is needed for detection; 2. Detecting Near-Infrared isoprene spectral feature can be hindered by the presence of methane or other hydrocarbons. Unique detection of isoprene will be challenging with JWST, as many hydrocarbon molecules share similar spectra features in Near-Infrared wavelengths. But future telescopes that focus on the mid-IR wavelength will be able to detect isoprene spectral features uniquely.

Beyond the JWST, the Nancy Grace Roman Space Telescope (successor to the Hubble mission) will also be taking to space by 2025. This observatory will have the power of One-Hundred Hubbles and its recently-upgraded infrared filters will allow it to characterize exoplanets on its own and through collaborations with the JWST and other great observatories.

There are also several ground-based telescopes currently being built here on Earth that will rely on sophisticated spectrometers, coronographs, and adaptive optics (AOs). These include the Extremely Large Telescope (ELT), the Giant Magellan Telescope (GMT), the Thirty Meter Telescope (TMT) These telescopes will also be able to conduct Direct Imaging studies of exoplanets, and the results are expected to be ground-breaking.

Between improved instruments, rapidly improving data analysis and techniques, and improvements in our methodology, the study of exoplanets is only expected to accelerate further. In addition to having tens of thousands of more available for study (many of which will be rocky and Earth-like), the unprecedented views we will have of them will let us see just how many habitable worlds are out there.

Whether or not this will result in the discovery of extraterrestrial life within our lifetimes remains to be seen. But one thing is clear. In the coming years, when astronomers start combing through all the new data they will have on exoplanet atmospheres, they will have a comprehensive list of biosignatures to guide them.

Seager and Zhans previous work include a concept for a Martian greenhouse that could provide all the necessary food for a crew of four astronauts for up to two years. This greenhouse, known as the Biosphere Engineered Architecture for Viable Extraterrestrial Residence (BEAVER), took second place in the 2019 NASA BIG Idea Challenge. You can read more about it here.

Further Reading: arXiv

Like Loading...

More:

If Astronomers see Isoprene in the Atmosphere of an Alien World, Theres a Good Chance Theres Life There - Universe Today

Astronomers see a ghostly ‘radio jellyfish’ rise from the dead in the southern sky – Livescience.com

Galaxy clusters are the largest structures in the universe bound together by gravity. They can contain thousands of galaxies, enormous oceans of hot gas, invisible islands of dark matter and sometimes the glowing ghost of a jellyfish or two.

In the galaxy cluster Abell 2877, located in the southern sky about 300 million light-years from Earth, astronomers have discovered one such jellyfish. Visible only in a narrow band of radio light, the cosmic jelly is more than 1 million light-years wide and includes a large lobe of supercharged plasma, dripping with tentacles of hot gas.

The structure's jelly-like appearance is both "ghostly" and "uncanny," according to the authors of a new paper published March 17 in the Astrophysical Journal. However, even more astonishing than the space jelly's shape is how quickly the structure vanishes from view, the authors said.

Related: 12 Trippy objects hidden in the Zodiac

"This radio jellyfish holds a world record of sorts," lead study author Torrance Hodgson, of the International Centre for Radio Astronomy Research (ICRAR) in Perth, Australia, said in a statement. "Whilst it's bright at regular FM radio frequencies, at 200 megahertz the emission all but disappears. No other extragalactic emission like this has been observed to disappear anywhere near so rapidly."

The universe is swimming with energetic structures that are only visible in radio wavelengths, like the mysterious X-shaped galaxies cartwheeling through space, or the twin blobs at the center of the Milky Way. However, no structure this large has ever been observed in such a narrow band of the radio spectrum.

According to the researchers, that likely means this cosmic jellyfish is actually an odd bird known as a "radio phoenix."

Like the mythical bird that died in flame and rose again from the ashes, a radio phoenix is a cosmic structure that's born from a high-energy explosion (like a black hole outburst), fades over millions of years as the structure expands and its electrons lose energy, then finally gets reenergized by another cosmic cataclysm (such as the collision of two galaxies).

To create a radio phoenix, that last cosmic event must be powerful enough to send shockwaves surging through the dormant cloud of electrons, causing the cloud to compress and the electrons to spark with energy again. According to the study authors, that could cause a structure like the jellyfish cluster to glow brightly in certain radio wavelengths, but dim rapidly in others.

"Our working theory is that around 2 billion years ago, a handful of supermassive black holes from multiple galaxies spewed out powerful jets of plasma," Hodgson said.

That plasma's energy faded over millions of years, until "quite recently, two things happened the plasma started mixing at the same time as very gentle shock waves passed through the system," Hodgson said. "This has briefly reignited the plasma, lighting up the jellyfish and its tentacles for us to see."

The researchers used a computer simulation to show that this explanation is a plausible origin story for that big jellyfish in the sky, though several big questions such as where the "gentle shockwaves" came from remain unanswered. The team hopes to take a closer look at the jellyfish in the future, following the completion of the Square Kilometre Array a network of hundreds of radio telescope antennas planned for construction in the Australian Outback.

Originally published on Live Science.

See original here:

Astronomers see a ghostly 'radio jellyfish' rise from the dead in the southern sky - Livescience.com

Astronomers Have Captured the Most Detailed Photo of a Black Hole EverSee the Magnetic Fields That Power It Here – artnet News

Two years ago, astronomers managed to photograph a black hole for the very first time. The team behind theEvent Horizon Telescopeproject was awarded the Breakthrough Prizeknown as the Oscars of sciencefor their effort, and New Yorks Museum of Modern Art acquired the image in the form of an inkjet print.

Now, the same astronomers have captured the most detailed photograph to date of a black hole, one of the universes most enigmatic features, which was once thought to be unobservable.

Seen in polarized light, the fuzzy ring of light in the original image is now in focus, with crisp lines swirling in toward the center of what appears to be a bottomless pit, sucking in anything and everything within its grasp.

Its like putting on a pair of polarized sunglasses on a bright sunny dayall of a sudden you can see whats going on, astronomer Sheperd Doeleman of the Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics told the New York Times.

The Event Horizon Telescope was designed to capture images of a black hole. The image shows the light around the black holes boundary. Image courtesy of the Event Horizon Telescope.

A black hole is a field of matter so dense that not even rays of light can escape its gravitational pull. But as the black hole inexorably draws in gas, dust, and stars, some light is actually propelled outward in jets of energetic particles.

This jet process is totally amazingsomething the size of our solar system can shoot out a jet that pierces through entire galaxies and even galaxy neighborhoods, Event Horizon Telescope team member Sara Issaoun told IGN.

The new image shows the black holes vortex, and the magnetic field lines at its inner edge, illustrating how the magnetic field both feeds the black holes insatiable hunger and powers the intergalactic fireworks show that surrounds it.

This image shows the jet in the M87 galaxy in polarized light. It is 6,000 light-years long. Image courtesy of ALMA (ESO/NAOJ/NRAO), Goddi et al.

The main finding is that we not only see the magnetic fields near the black hole as expected, but they also appear to be strong. Our results indicate that the magnetic fields can push the gas around and resist being stretched. The result is an interesting clue to how black holes feed on gas and grow,Jason Dexter, a professor at the University of Colorado Boulder, told Space.com.

We are now seeing the next crucial piece of evidence to understand how magnetic fields behave around black holes, and how activity in this very compact region of space can drive powerful jets that extend far beyond the galaxy, said Monika Mocibrodzka, coordinator of the EHT Polarimetry Working Group, in a statement.

The galaxy Messier 87, in the constellation Virgo, as capture by the European Southern Observatorys Very Large Telescope. Photo courtesy of the European Southern Observatory.

The findings from the new image are the subject of three papers published last week in the Astrophysical Journal Letters, two by the Event Horizon Telescope Collaboration and one by lead author Ciriaco Goddi of Radboud University in the Netherlands.

This black hole captured by the telescope lies 55 million light-years away, at the heart Messier 87, a supergiant elliptical galaxy in the constellation Virgo.At 6.5 billion times bigger than our sun, it is unimaginably supermassivethe surrounding circular field of electrified gas or plasma captured in the image measures about 30 billion miles across, or four times Plutos orbit.

The Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array (ALMA), part of the Event Horizon Telescope Collaboration, set against the Milky Way. Photo by European Southern Observatory Photo Ambassador Babak Tafreshi.

Capturing the image was a global effort. TheEvent Horizon Telescope collaboration is powered by eight ground-based radio telescopes in Chile, Mexico, Spain, Hawaii, Arizona, and the Antarctic, overseen by an international team of radio astronomers thatsynchronize their observations by atomic clock. Together, the sites essentially create a planet-sized telescope.

The projects name comes from the point of no return around a black hole. Beyond the event horizon, no light or matter can escape.

Watch a video approaching the Messier 87 galaxy black hole below.

Read more:

Astronomers Have Captured the Most Detailed Photo of a Black Hole EverSee the Magnetic Fields That Power It Here - artnet News

Terrascope: The Whole Earth Telescope – SYFY WIRE

One of the biggest problems is astronomy is a simple one: Not enough light. One of the reasons we make telescopes so big is to collect light to see faint things. The analogy is like a bucket in rain: The wider the bucket the more rain you collect. Photons fall from the sky, and the bigger your mirror the more light you collect.

It's hard to make big telescopes. Supporting a mirror bigger than 8 meters is hard, though making them segmented (like the James Webb Space Telescope) helps. Still, the cost is huge, and to make scopes bigger than what we have now you have to start thinking in the billions of dollars. Ouch.

So astronomers get clever in ways to collect light. One of the most clever astronomers I know is David Kipping. I've written about his work a few times, including about his search for exomoons. Like so many others, he's a photon-starved astronomer, and he recently published an amazing concept to collect more light from cosmic objects: The Terrascope.

It's called that because it uses the Earth as a gigantic lens to focus light.

Yes, seriously. It's the Whole Earth Telescope.

He made a video explaining it:

A lens bends the path light takes (this is called refraction), so that a photon that would otherwise miss your camera gets directed into it. Again with a rain analogy: A raindrop that falls a meter away from you misses you, but if you could deflect (refract!) the path of that drop a little bit while it's still up high, it'll be aimed right at you, and you get wet.

In the case of the Terrascope, the lens is actually Earth's atmosphere. When light moves from one medium to another (like air to water, or space to air), its path bends a little bit. The amount it bends depends on the angle it enters and the stuff (what we usually call the medium) it's passing through. This is why the Sun (and Moon) looks flattened when it sets; the top part of the Sun is passing through less air than the bottom part, and in effect the light from those parts of the Sun get squeezed together, making the Sun look smaller vertically.

So a beam of light coming from a distant star, say, passes through Earth's air and its path bends. The most it bends is about a degree (twice the size of the Sun or Moon in the sky). Now imagine you're floating in space, with the Earth between you and that star. You can't see the star because the Earth is in the way. BUT if you are at just the right distance, the Earth's air will bend the light of the star right at you. The distance from Earth you need to be for this is about 360,000 kilometers, nearly all the way to the Moon.

Now think about this: From there, the Earth looks like a disk, and the air around it a thin ring. Any photon from that star hitting Earth's air at any point in that ring will get bent toward you. All those photons would miss you otherwise, but with Earth's air bending them you see lots of photons. That's exactly how a lens works.

I'll note that the header image of his Twitter account is a fanciful drawing of how this works.

This same effect also creates a phenomenon called a central flash, when an object with an atmosphere passes directly in front of a much more distant object and you get a sudden brightening of light when this eclipse (really, called an occultation) is at its midpoint. It's exactly the same effect I'm talking about here. It's been seen with Neptune's moon Triton blocking a distant star, as well as with Saturn's moon Titan doing the same thing.

So faint stars will appear much brighter because of the extra photons. The light amplification can be huge: For a one-meter telescope, it can be as much as a factor of 80,000! That's incredible. That's 10.5 magnitudes, for those who know their astronomy. A telescope like that could see objects down to Hubble-like faintness even better than Hubble.

It turns out there's a lot of physics involved here, which I've elided over. For example, the air above the Earth gets less dense (and in general colder) with height, and that affects refraction. It depends on the wavelength of light you're looking at as well. And placing a one-meter telescope that far from Earth has other issues, too. The Moon will get close enough that you'll have to do a lot of station keeping every month, for one. Clouds in Earth's atmosphere block light, which is kind of a pain, too, which greatly reduces the light you can see.

Also, you can only look at whatever is behind the Earth, so either you just look at stuff in the sky that happens to be there (and that changes all the time, repeating once a year as the Earth orbits the Sun) or you'll have to move your telescope a loooong way. Kipping goes into some of those problems in his paper.

He finds that a lot of these issues can be overcome simply by moving the telescope farther out. Put it about 1.5 million kilometers from the Earth, and the light that passes about 14 km above Earth's surface gets bent into focus. That avoids clouds, which is great, and most infrared light can pass through the air at that height, allowing that part of the spectrum to be observed as well.

At that distance, a one-meter telescope has the equivalent collecting power of a 150meter telescope! Yegads. That's a lot of light, and the more light you collect from an object the better your data are. Which reminds me: You'll have to block the very bright Earth from your detector as well, but that's something we know how to do (using a coronagraph), and is likely just an engineering problem.

Is a Terrascope actually possible? Well, even Kipping is skeptical in his video and by that I don't mean cynical, I mean scientifically skeptical, being careful to acknowledge the plusses and minuses of the concept. He notes there's a long way to go to figure out all the problems here, but it's very much worth proposing this idea to the community and seeing what happens. And if it does work, it'll be the coolest telescope flying.

View original post here:

Terrascope: The Whole Earth Telescope - SYFY WIRE