The Era of AI Computing – FedScoop

At GTC, we unveiled Volta, our greatest generational leap since the invention of CUDA. It incorporates 21 billion transistors. Its built on a 12nm NVIDIA-optimized TSMC process. It includes the fastest HBM memories from Samsung. Volta features a new numeric format and CUDA instruction that perform 44 matrix operationsan elemental deep learning operationat super-high speeds.

Each Volta GPU is 120 teraflops. And our DGX-1 AI supercomputer interconnects eight Tesla V100 GPUs to generate nearly one petaflops of deep learning performance.

Googles TPU Also last week, Google announced at its I/O conference, its TPU2 chip, with 45 teraflops of performance.

Its great to see the two leading teams in AI computing race while we collaborate deeply across the boardtuning TensorFlow performance, and accelerating the Google cloud with NVIDIA CUDA GPUs. AI is the greatest technology force in human history. Efforts to democratize AI and enable its rapid adoption are great to see.

Powering Through the End of Moores Law As Moores law slows down, GPU computing performance, powered by improvements in everything from silicon to software, surges.

The AI revolution has arrived despite the fact Moores lawthe combined effect of Dennard scaling and CPU architecture advancebegan slowing nearly a decade ago. Dennard scaling, whereby reducing transistor size and voltage allowed designers to increase transistor density and speed while maintaining power density, is now limited by device physics.

CPU architects can harvest only modest ILPinstruction-level parallelismbut with large increases in circuitry and energy. So, in the post-Moores law era, a large increase in CPU transistors and energy results in a small increase in application performance. Performance recently has increased by only 10 percent a year, versus 50 percent a year in the past.

The accelerated computing approach we pioneered targets specific domains of algorithms; adds a specialized processor to offload the CPU; and engages developers in each industry to accelerate their application by optimizing for our architecture. We work across the entire stack of algorithms, solvers and applications to eliminate all bottlenecks and achieve the speed of light.

Thats why Volta unleashes incredible speedups for AI workloads. It provides a 5X improvement over Pascal, the current-generation NVIDIA GPU architecture, in peak teraflops, and 15X over the Maxwell architecture, launched just two years ago-well beyond what Moores law would have predicted.

Accelerate Every Approach to AI A sprawling ecosystem has grown up around the AI revolution.

Such leaps in performance have drawn innovators from every industry, with the number of startups building GPU-driven AI services growing more than 4x over the past year to 1,300.

No one wants to miss the next breakthrough. Software is eating the world, as Marc Andreessen said, but AI is eating software.

The number of software developers following the leading AI frameworks on the GitHub open-source software repository has grown to more than 75,000 from fewer than 5,000 over the past two years.

The latest frameworks can harness the performance of Volta to deliver dramatically faster training times and higher multi-node training performance.

Deep learning is a strategic imperative for every major tech company. It increasingly permeates every aspect of work from infrastructure and tools to how products are made. We partner with every framework maker to wring out the last drop of performance. By optimizing each framework for our GPU, we can improve engineer productivity by hours and days for each of the hundreds of iterations needed to train a model. Every frameworkCaffe2, Chainer, Microsoft Cognitive Toolkit, MXNet, PyTorch, TensorFlowwill be meticulously optimized for Volta.

The NVIDIA GPU Cloud platform gives AI developers access to our comprehensive deep learning software stack wherever they want iton PCs, in the data center or via the cloud.

We want to create an environment that lets developers do their work anywhere, and with any framework. For companies that want to keep their data in-house, we introduced powerful new workstations and servers at GTC.

Perhaps the most vibrant environment is the $247 billion market for public cloud services. Alibaba, Amazon, Baidu, Facebook, Google, IBM, Microsoft and Tencent all use NVIDIA GPUs in their data centers.

To help innovators move seamlessly to cloud services such as these, at GTC we launched the NVIDIA GPU Cloud platform, which contains a registry of pre-configured and optimized stacks of every framework. Each layer of software and all of the combinations have been tuned, tested and packaged up into an NVDocker container. We will continuously enhance and maintain it. We fix every bug that comes up. It all just works.

A Cambrian Explosion of Autonomous Machines Deep learnings ability to detect features from raw data has created the conditions for a Cambrian explosion of autonomous machinesIoT with AI. There will be billions, perhaps trillions, of devices powered by AI.

At GTC, we announced that one of the 10 largest companies in the world, and one of the most admired, Toyota, has selected NVIDIA for their autonomous car.

We also announced Isaac, a virtual robot that helps make robots. Todays robots are hand programmed, and do exactly and only what they were programmed to do. Just as convolutional neural networks gave us the computer vision breakthrough needed to tackle self-driving cars, reinforcement learning and imitation learning may be the breakthroughs we need to tackle robotics.

Once trained, the brain of the robot would be downloaded into Jetson, our AI supercomputer in a module. The robot would stand, adapt to any differences between the virtual and real world. A new robot is born. For GTC, Isaac learned how to play hockey and golf.

Finally, were open-sourcing the DLA, Deep Learning Acceleratorour version of a dedicated inferencing TPUdesigned into our Xavier superchip for AI cars. We want to see the fastest possible adoption of AI everywhere. No one else needs to invest in building an inferencing TPU. We have one for freedesigned by some of the best chip designers in the world.

Enabling the Einsteins and Da Vincis of Our Era These are just the latest examples of how NVIDIA GPU computing has become the essential tool of the da Vincis and Einsteins of our time. For them, weve built the equivalent of a time machine. Building on the insatiable technology demand of 3D graphics and market scale of gaming, NVIDIA has evolved the GPU into the computer brain that has opened a floodgate of innovation at the exciting intersection of virtual reality and artificial intelligence.

Learn the latest from NVIDIA on AI and Deep Learning in our newsletter.

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The Era of AI Computing - FedScoop

Foghorn’s Ramya Ravichandar | Ensuring Value with Edge AI in IIoT Applications – IoT For All

In this episode of the IoT For All Podcast, we sat down with Ramya Ravichandar, VP of Products at Foghorn to talk about edge AI and how it ensures value for IIoT and commercial IoT deployments. We cover some of the use cases where edge AI really shines, how machine learning and edge computing enable real-time analytics, and how companies can ensure that their IoT deployments create real value on install.

Ramya has a decades experience in IoT and started in the industry at Cisco, where she headed its streamlining analytics platform. She has a rare combination of technical expertise in real-time analytics, machine learning, and AI, combined with a wealth of experience in Industrial IoT.

To start the episode, Ramya gave us some background on FogHorn. FogHorn was founded in 2014 to address the IoT data deluge at the edge, empowering industrial and commercial sectors to achieve transformational business outcomes through AI and ML capabilities at the edge.

Ramya also shared a couple of use cases to illustrate the power of edge AI when applied in an industrial setting, including the real-time identification of defects on the manufacturing floor, enabling operators to take action immediately to prevent product loss. Ramya said that this represents the fundamental premise of all of the solutions FogHorn is involved with.

One of the big differences over the past several years, Ramya said, was the level of education of customers. The customer journey has evolved alongside technology. Customers used to find it hard to find the use case, Ramya said, today, our customers are more savvy and knowledgeable. When they come to us they know exactly the problems they have and how they want to use IoT to address them. But the key to success, according to Ramya, was embracing the concept of a proof of value, rather than a proof of concept. If you dont have that spark in your first few deployments, youre probably working on the wrong use cases, Ramya said.

Ramya walked us through edge AI at its core and how it enables some of the key features that customers need. At its core, Ramya said that edge AI is about taking a step beyond data collection and applying models to incoming data to gain new insights. FogHorn seeks to be the bridge between the data science expertise companies already have and bringing that data into practice on the manufacturing floor.

She also spoke to the continued importance of the cloud and how it works together with edge computing and edge AI to create more powerful models. As an example, Ramya used a drilling rig. A drilling rig, she said, can generate up to a terabyte of data daily, but less than 1% of that data may end up being analyzed. Moving all of that data could take days, so being able to sort and parse that data at the edge is imperative to putting that data to work in real-time. And while edge computing and edge AI are imperative to that fast turnaround, the only place those models can be trained is in the cloud so, you have a model being trained and retrained in the cloud and pushed to each of those edge devices.

To wrap up the episode, Ramya walked us through some of the challenges FogHorn has faced while building its platform as well as what we can expect on the horizon for FogHorn.

Interested in connecting with Ramya? Reach out to her on Linkedin!

About FogHorn: FogHorn is a leading developer of intelligence edge computing software for industrial and commercial IoT application solutions. FogHorns software platform brings the power of advanced analytics and machine learning to the on-premises edge environment enabling a new class of applications for advanced monitoring and diagnostics, machine performance optimization, proactive maintenance, and operational intelligence use cases. FogHorns technology is ideally suited for OEMs, systems integrators and end customers in manufacturing, power and water, oil and gas, renewable energy, mining, transportation, healthcare, retail, as well as smart grid, smart city, smart building, and connected vehicle applications.

(02:01) Intro to Ramya

(02:54) Intro to Foghorn

(04:34) Do you have any use cases or customer journey experiences you can share?

(06:49) How does edge computing help organizations move their IIoT projects toward full deployment?

(08:32) How do edge computing and AI play into delivering ROI to these use cases?

(11:04) What role does edge AI play in enabling an IIoT solution? What are the benefits?

(13:05) How does your platform integrate into the cloud structure?

(16:46) How does edge computing help with real-time functionality and accelerating automation?

(20:20) As youve been developing this platform, what are some of the challenges you and your clients have encountered?

(23:06) What stage are your customers usually coming to you in?

(24:32) Is there a stage thats too early to get a company like FogHorn involved?

(26:00) How do you handle IoT devices or deployments that have a smaller footprint?

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Foghorn's Ramya Ravichandar | Ensuring Value with Edge AI in IIoT Applications - IoT For All

Follow the Money: Cash for AI Models, Oncology, Hematology Therapies – Bio-IT World

August5,2020 | Sema4 gets $121M tobuild dynamic models of human health and defineoptimal, individualized health trajectories.Glioblastoma, hematology, and acutepancreatitisall see new funding for therapy development. And AI-powered models net cash.

$257M: Series B for Liquid Biopsy for Multiple Cancers

Thrive Earlier Detection, Cambridge, Mass., closed$257millioninSeries Bfinancing. Funds will help advanceCancerSEEK, aliquid biopsy test designed to detect multiple cancers at earlier stages of disease, into registrational trial. The round was led byCasdinCapital and Section 32, with participation from new investors Bain Capital Life Sciences, Brown Advisory, Driehaus Capital Management, Intermountain Ventures, Janus Henderson Investors, Lux Capital, and more.

$121M: Series Cfor Data-Driven Health Intelligence

Sema4, Stamford, Conn., closed a Series C round led by BlackRock with additional new investors including Deerfield Management Company and Moore Strategic Ventures. Sema4 is dedicated to transforming healthcare by building dynamic models of human health and defining optimal, individualized health trajectories. The company began with an emphasis on reproductive health and recently launched Sema4 Signal, a family of products and services providing data-drivenprecision oncology solutions. Over the last several months, Sema4 has also joined the fight against COVID-19. Sema4 has integrated its premier clinical and scientific expertise with its cutting-edge digital capabilities to deliver a holistic testing program that enables organizations to make fast, informed decisions as they navigate COVID-19. The company has also launchedCentrellis, an innovative health intelligence platformdesigned to provide a more complete understanding of disease and wellness and to offer physicians deeper insight into the patient populations they serve.

$112M: Series C for Phase 2 for GlioblastomaTreatment

Imvax, Philadelphia,raised $112 million in series C financing from existing investors HP WILD Holding AG, Ziff Capital Partners, Magnetar Capital, and TLP Investment Partners, and new institutional investor,Invus. The funds will to support Phase 2 Clinical Development of IGV-001 for treatment of Glioblastoma multiforme, Phase 1 research into additional solid tumor indications, and will help build out corporate and manufacturing capabilities.

$97M: Series C for Hematology, OncologyTherapies

AntengeneCorporation, Shanghai,has closed $97 million in Series C financing led by Fidelity Management & Research Company with additional support from new investors including GL Ventures (an affiliate of Hillhouse Capital) and GIC. Existing investors includingQimingVenture Partners andBoyuCapital also participated. Proceeds from the Series C financing will be primarily used to fund the continuing clinical development ofAntengene'srobust pipeline of hematology and oncology therapies, expanding in-house research and development capabilities and strengthening the commercial infrastructures in APAC markets.

$71M:AccelerateFinger-PrickBloodAnalyzer

Sight Diagnostics, Tel Aviv, hasraised$71million from Koch Disruptive Technologies,LonglivVentures, a member of the CK Hutchison Holdings andOurCrowd. The investment is meant to fuel Sights R&D into the automated identification and detection of diseases through its FDA-cleared direct-from-fingerstick Complete Blood Count (CBC) analyzer.Thenew investment will enable Sight to substantially expanditsU.S. footprint.

$50M: Series B Extensionfor Enzymatic DNA Synthesis

DNA Script, Paris,announced a $50 million extension to its Series B financing, bringing the total investment of this round to $89 million. This oversubscribed round is led byCasdinCapital and joined by Danaher Life Sciences, Agilent Technologies, MerckKGaA, Darmstadt, Germany, through its corporate venture arm, M Ventures three of the world's leaders in oligo synthesis LSP, theBpifranceLarge Venture Fund and Illumina Ventures. Funding from this investment round will enable DNA Script to accelerate the development of its suite of enzymatic DNA synthesis (EDS) technologies in particular, to support the commercial launch of the company's SYNTAX DNA benchtop printer.

$25M: Series A for Targeted Exosome Vehicles

Mantra Bio, San Francisco, has raised $25 million in a Series A financing to advance development of next generation, precision therapeutics based on its proprietary platform forengineering Targeted Exosome Vehicles (TEVs). 8VC and Viking Global Investors led the round, which also included Box Group and Allen & Company LLC. Mantra Bios REVEAL is an automated high throughput platform that rapidly designs, tests and optimizes TEVs for specific therapeutic applications. The platform integrates computational approaches, wet biology, and robotics, to leverage the diversity of exosomes and enable the rational design of therapeutics directed at a wide range of tissue and cellular targets.

$23.7M: Shared Grant for Biologically Based Polymers

The National Science Foundation has named the University of California, Los Angeles and the University of California, Santa Barbara, partners in a collaboration calledBioPACIFICMIPforBioPolymers, Automated Cellular Infrastructure, Flow, and Integrated Chemistry: Materials Innovation Platformand has funded the effort with a five-year, $23.7 million grant. The initiative is part of the NSF Materials Innovation Platforms program, and its scientific methodology reflects the broad goals of the federal governments Materials Genome Initiative, which aims to develop new materials twice as fast at a fraction of the cost. The collaboration aims to advance the use of microbes for sustainable production of new plastics.

$17M: Series A to Scale At-Home Blood Collection

Tasso, Seattle,secured a $17 million Series A financing round led by HambrechtDuceraGrowth Ventures and includedForesiteCapital, Merck Global Health Innovation Fund, Vertical Venture Partners,Techstars, and Cedars-Sinai. The company will use the proceeds to scale manufacturing and operations to meet the increased demand for its line of innovative Tasso OnDemand devices, which enable people to collect their own blood using a virtually painless process from anywhere at any time. These fast and easy-to-use products are being adopted by leading academic medical institutions, government agencies, comprehensive cancer centers, and pharmaceutical organizations around the world.

$12M: Molecular Data, AI Build Therapeutic Models

Endpoint Health, Palo Alto, Calif.,emerged from stealth mode in mid-July with $12 million in debt and equity financing led by Mayfield to make targeted therapies for patients with critical illnesses including sepsis and acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). Endpoint Health is led by an experienced executive team including the co-founders ofGeneWEAVE, an infection detection and therapy guidance company that was acquired by Roche in 2015. Endpoint Healths approach combines molecular and digital patient data with AI to create comprehensive therapeutic modelstools that identify distinct patient subgroups and treatmentpatterns in order to highlight unmet therapeutic needs. These models are used to identify late-stage and on-market therapies, often created for other indications, that Endpoint can developinto targeted therapies, which will include the required tests and software to guide their use.

$12M: Start of an NIH Contract For COVID-19 Microfluidics

FluidigmCorporation, South San Francisco, Calif.,announced execution of a letter contract with the National Institutes of Health, National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering, for a proposed project under the agencys Rapid Acceleration of Diagnostics (RADx) program. The project, with a total proposed budget of up to $37 million, contemplates expandingproduction capacity and throughput capabilities for COVID-19 testing withFluidigmmicrofluidics technology. The letter contract providesFluidigmwith access to up to $12 million of initial funding based on completion and delivery of certain validation milestones prior to execution of the definitive contract.A goal of theRADxinitiative is to enable approximately 6 million daily tests in the United States by December 2020.

$6.5M: Series A for AI-Powered Precision Oncology

Nucleai,Tel Aviv,a computational biology company providing an AI-powered precision oncology platform for research and treatment decisions, secured $6.5M Series A initial closing.Debiopharmsstrategic corporate venture capital fund led the round joined by existing investors: Vertex Ventures and Grove Ventures.Nucleaiscore technology analyzes large and unique datasets of tissue images using computer vision and machine learning methods to model the spatial characteristics of both the tumor and the patients immune system, creating unique signatures that are predictive of patient response.

$5M: Pharma Grant for Rural Lung Cancer

Stand UpToCancer, New York,received a new $5 million grant from Bristol Myers Squibb to fund research and education efforts aimed at achieving health equity for underserved lung cancer patients, including Black people and people living in rural communities. The research efforts funded by the three-year grant will consist of supplemental grants to current Stand UpToCancer research teams. The supplemental grants will focus on identifying new and innovative diagnostic and treatment methods for lung cancer patients in need. These supplemental grants will be designed to jumpstart pilot projects at the intersection of lung cancers, health disparities and rural healthcare, for instance increasing clinical trial enrollment among historically under-represented groups. Since 2014, Bristol Myers Squibb has provided funding for important Stand UpToCancer research initiatives.

$2.5M: Cloud-Based XR Platform

Grid Raster, Mountain View, Calif., secured $2.5 million led byBlackhornVentures with participation from other existing investorsMaCVenture Capital andExfinityVenture Partners. This infusion of additional capital enables Grid Raster to continue developing its XR solutions, powered by cloud-based remote rendering and 3D vision-based AI, in key customer markets that include Aerospace, Defense, Automotive and Telecommunications.

$1.5M: SBIR for Acute Pancreatitis

Lamassu Pharma has received $1.5 million in Small Business Innovation Research (SBIR) grant funding from the National Institutes of Health (NIH). This will be used for further development of its lead therapeutic compound, RABI-767, a novel small molecule lipase inhibitor licensed from the Mayo Foundation for Medical Education and Research. Lamassu is developing RABI-767 to fill a critical, unmet clinical need for a treatment for acute pancreatitis (AP). Lamassu's proposed treatment is designed to mitigate the systemic toxicity and organ failure associated with acute pancreatitis that causes lengthy hospitalization, organ failure, and death, thus saving both lives and healthcare system resources. Funding from the NIH will enable Lamassu tofurther its translational research, to bring RABI-767 to human trials, and to partner with clinical and commercial development partners.

$800K: Protein Interaction Platform

A-Alpha Bio, Seattle,has been awarded an $800,000 grant to optimize therapeutics for infectious diseases. Awarded by the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation, the grant work will be carried out by A-Alpha Bio in partnership with Lumen Bioscience using machine learning models built from data generated by A-Alpha Bios proprietaryAlphaSeqplatform. A-Alpha Bio has already completed a pilot study in partnership with Lumen Biosciences and supported by the Gates Foundation. This pilot study successfully demonstrated theAlphaSeqplatforms ability to characterize binding of therapeutic antibodies against multiple pathogen strains simultaneously. With the latest grant, the companies will useAlphaSeqdata to train machine learning models for the development of potent and cross-reactive therapeutics against intestinal and respiratory pathogens.

$620K: Grant for Gas-Sensing Ingestible

AtmoBiosciences, Melbourne and Sydney, Australia,has been awarded a $620,000 Australian Government grant through theBioMedTechHorizons (BMTH) program.Atmoaddresses the unmet clinical need to interrogate and monitor the function of the gut microbiota, allowing better diagnosis and development of personalized therapies for gastrointestinal disorders, resulting in earlier and more successful relief of symptoms, and reduced healthcare costs.Atmosplatform is underpinned by theAtmoGas Capsule, a world-first ingestible gas-sensing capsule that senses clinically important gaseous biomarkers produced by the microbiome in the gastrointestinal system. This data is wirelessly transmitted to the cloud for aggregation and analysis.

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Follow the Money: Cash for AI Models, Oncology, Hematology Therapies - Bio-IT World

Red Hat and IBM Research Advance IT Automation with AI-Powered Capabilities for Ansible – Business Wire

CHICAGO ANSIBLEFEST--(BUSINESS WIRE)--Red Hat, Inc., the world's leading provider of open source solutions, and IBM Research today announced Project Wisdom, the first community project to create an intelligent, natural language processing capability for Ansible and the IT automation industry. Using an artificial intelligence (AI) model, the project aims to boost the productivity of IT automation developers and make IT automation more achievable and understandable for diverse IT professionals with varied skills and backgrounds.

According to a 2021 IDC prediction1, by 2026, 85% of enterprises will combine human expertise with AI, ML, NLP, and pattern recognition to augment foresight across the organization, making workers 25% more productive and effective. Technologies such as machine learning, deep learning, natural language processing, pattern recognition, and knowledge graphs are producing increasingly accurate and context-aware insights, predictions, and recommendations.

Project Wisdom underpinned by AI foundation models derived from IBMs AI for Code efforts works by enabling a user to input a command as a straightforward English sentence. It then parses the sentence and builds the requested automation workflow, delivered as an Ansible Playbook, which can be used to automate any number of IT tasks. Unlike other AI-driven coding tools, Project Wisdom does not focus on application development; instead the project centers on addressing the rise of complexity in enterprise IT as hybrid cloud adoption grows.

From human readable to human interactive

Becoming an automation expert demands significant effort and resources over time, with a learning curve to navigate varying domains. Project Wisdom intends to bridge the gap between Ansible YAML code and human language, so users can use plain English to generate syntactically correct and functional automation content.

It could enable a system administrator who typically delivers on-premises services to reach across domains to build, configure, and operate in other environments using natural language to generate playbook instructions. A developer who knows how to build an application, but not the skillset to provision it in a new cloud platform, could use Project Wisdom to expand proficiencies in these new areas to help transform the business. Novices across departments could generate content right away while still building foundational knowledge, without the dependencies of traditional teaching models.

Driving open source innovation with collaboration

While the power of AI in enterprise IT cannot be denied, community collaboration, along with insights from Red Hat and IBM, will be key in delivering an AI/ML model that aligns to the key tenets of open source technology. Red Hat has more than two decades of experience in collaborating on community projects and protecting open source licenses in defense of free software. Project Wisdom, and its underlying AI model, are an extension of this commitment to keeping all aspects of the code base open and transparent to the community.

As hybrid cloud operations at scale become a key focus for organizations, Red Hat is committed to building the next wave of innovation on open source technology. As IBM Research and Ansible specialists at Red Hat work to fine tune the AI model, the Ansible community will play a crucial role as subject matter experts and beta testers to push the boundaries of what can be achieved together. While community participation is still being worked through, those interested can stay up to date on progress here.

Supporting Quotes

Chris Wright, CTO and SVP of Global Engineering, Red HatThis project exemplifies how artificial intelligence has the power to fundamentally shift how businesses innovate, expanding capabilities that typically reside within operations teams to other corners of the business. With intelligent solutions, enterprises can decrease the barrier to entry, address burgeoning skills gaps, and break down organization-wide siloes to reimagine work in the enterprise world.

Ruchir Puri, chief scientist, IBM Research; IBM Fellow; vice president, IBM Technical CommunityProject Wisdom is proof of the significant opportunities that can be achieved across technology and the enterprise when we combine the latest in artificial intelligence and software. Its truly an exciting time as we continue advancing how todays AI and hybrid cloud technologies are building the computers and systems of tomorrow.

1IDC FutureScape: Worldwide Artificial Intelligence and Automation 2022 Predictions, Doc # US48298421, Oct 2021

Additional Resources

Connect with Red Hat

About Red Hat, Inc.

Red Hat is the worlds leading provider of enterprise open source software solutions, using a community-powered approach to deliver reliable and high-performing Linux, hybrid cloud, container, and Kubernetes technologies. Red Hat helps customers integrate new and existing IT applications, develop cloud-native applications, standardize on our industry-leading operating system, and automate, secure, and manage complex environments. Award-winning support, training, and consulting services make Red Hat a trusted adviser to the Fortune 500. As a strategic partner to cloud providers, system integrators, application vendors, customers, and open source communities, Red Hat can help organizations prepare for the digital future.

About IBM

IBM is a leading global hybrid cloud and AI, and business services provider, helping clients in more than 175 countries capitalize on insights from their data, streamline business processes, reduce costs and gain the competitive edge in their industries. Nearly 4,000 government and corporate entities in critical infrastructure areas such as financial services, telecommunications and healthcare rely on IBM's hybrid cloud platform and Red Hat OpenShift to affect their digital transformations quickly, efficiently and securely. IBM's breakthrough innovations in AI, quantum computing, industry-specific cloud solutions and business services deliver open and flexible options to our clients. All of this is backed by IBM's legendary commitment to trust, transparency, responsibility, inclusivity and service. For more information, visit https://research.ibm.com.

Forward-Looking Statements

Except for the historical information and discussions contained herein, statements contained in this press release may constitute forward-looking statements within the meaning of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995. Forward-looking statements are based on the companys current assumptions regarding future business and financial performance. These statements involve a number of risks, uncertainties and other factors that could cause actual results to differ materially. Any forward-looking statement in this press release speaks only as of the date on which it is made. Except as required by law, the company assumes no obligation to update or revise any forward-looking statements.

Red Hat, the Red Hat logo and Ansible are trademarks or registered trademarks of Red Hat, Inc. or its subsidiaries in the U.S. and other countries. Linux is the registered trademark of Linus Torvalds in the U.S. and other countries.

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Red Hat and IBM Research Advance IT Automation with AI-Powered Capabilities for Ansible - Business Wire

China wants to be a $150 billion world leader in AI in less than 15 years – CNBC

Zhang Peng | LightRocket | Getty Images

Robots dance for the audience on the expo. On Jul. 8th, Beijing International Consumer electronics Expo was held in Beijing China National Convention Center.

The first part of the plan runs up to 2020 and proposes that China makes progress in developing a "new generation" of AI theory and technology. This will be implemented in some devices and basic software. It will also involve the development of standards, policies, and ethics for AI across the world's second-largest economy.

In the second step of the plan which is up to 2025, China expects to achieve a "major breakthrough" in AI technology and the application of it, which will lead to "industrial upgrading and economic transformation".

The last step, which will happen between 2025 and 2030 sees China become the world leader in AI, with the industry worth 1 trillion yuan.

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China wants to be a $150 billion world leader in AI in less than 15 years - CNBC

Local COVID-19 Forecasts by AI – The UCSB Current

Despite efforts throughout the United States last spring to suppress the spread of the novel coronavirus, states across the country have experienced spikes in the past several weeks. The number of confirmed COVID-19 cases in the nation has climbed to more than 3.5 million since the start of the pandemic.

Public officials in many states, including California, have now started to roll back the reopening process to help curb the spread of the virus. Eventually, state and local policymakers will be faced with deciding for a second time when and how to reopen their communities. A pair of researchers in UC Santa Barbaras College of Engineering, Xifeng Yan and Yu-Xiang Wang, have developed a novel forecasting model, inspired by artificial intelligence (AI) techniques, to provide timely information at a more localized level that officials and anyone in the public can use in their decision-making processes.

We are all overwhelmed by the data, most of which is provided at national and state levels, said Yan, an associate professor who holds the Venkatesh Narayanamurti Chair in Computer Science. Parents are more interested in what is happening in their school district and if its safe for their kids to go to school in the fall. However, there are very few websites providing that information. We aim to provide forecasting and explanations at a localized level with data that is more useful for residents and decision makers.

The forecasting project, Interventional COVID-19 Response Forecasting in Local Communities Using Neural Domain Adaption Models, received a Rapid Response Research (RAPID) grant for nearly $200,000 from the National Science Foundation (NSF).

The challenges of making sense of messy data are precisely the type of problems that we deal with every day as computer scientists working in AI and machine learning, said Wang, an assistant professor of computer science and holder of the Eugene Aas Chair. We are compelled to lend our expertise to help communities make informed decisions.

Yan and Wang developed an innovative forecasting algorithm based on a deep learning model called Transformer. The model is driven by an attention mechanism that intuitively learns how to forecast by learning what time period in the past to look at and what data is the most important and relevant.

If we are trying to forecast for a specific region, like Santa Barbara County, our algorithm compares the growth curves of COVID-19 cases across different regions over a period of time to determine the most-similar regions. It then weighs these regions to forecast cases in the target region, explained Yan.

In addition to COVID-19 data, the algorithm also draws information from the U.S. Census to factor in hyper-local details when calibrating the forecast for a local community.

The census data is very informative because it implicitly captures the culture, lifestyle, demographics and types of businesses in each local community, said Wang. When you combine that with COVID-19 data available by region, it helps us transfer the knowledge learned from one region to another, which will be useful for communities that want data on the effectiveness of interventions in order to make informed decisions.

The researchers models showed that, during the recent spike, Santa Barbara County experienced spread similar to what Mecklenburg, Wake, and Durham counties in North Carolina saw in late March and early April. Using those counties to forecast future cases in Santa Barbara County, the researchers attention-based model outperformed the most commonly used epidemiological models: the SIR (susceptible, infected, recovered) model, which describes the flow of individuals through three mutually exclusive stages; and the autoregressive model, which makes predictions based solely on a series of data points displayed over time. The AI-based model had a mean absolute percentage error (MAPE) of 0.030, compared with 0.11 for the SIR model and 0.072 with autoregression. The MAPE is a common measure of prediction accuracy in statistics.

Yan and Wang say their model forecasts more accurately because it eliminates key weaknesses associated with current models. Census data provides fine-grained details missing in existing simulation models, while the attention mechanism leverages the substantial amounts of data now available publicly.

Humans, even trained professionals, are not able to process the massive data as effectively as computer algorithms, said Wang. Our research provides tools for automatically extracting useful information from the data to simplify the picture, rather than making it more complicated.

The project, conducted in collaboration with Dr. Richard Beswick and Dr. Lynn Fitzgibbons from Cottage Hospital in Santa Barbara, will be presented later this month during the Computing Research Association (CRA) Virtual Conference. Formed in 1972 as a forum for department chairs of computer sciences departments across the country, the CRAs membership has grown to include more than 200 organizations active in computing research.

Yan and Wangs research efforts will not stop there. They plan to make their model and forecasts available to the public via a website and to collect enough data to forecast for communities across the country. We hope to forecast for every community in the country because we believe that when people are well informed with local data, they will make well-informed decisions, said Yan.

They also hope their algorithm can be used to forecast what could happen if a particular intervention is implemented at a specific time.

Because our research focuses on more fundamental aspects, the developed tools can be applied to a variety of factors, added Yan. Hopefully, the next time we are in such a situation, we will be better equipped to make the right decisions at the right time.

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Local COVID-19 Forecasts by AI - The UCSB Current

This robotic glove uses AI to help people with hand weakness regain muscle grip – The Next Web

A Scottish biotech startup has invented an AI-powered robotic glove that helpspeople recover muscle grip in their hands.

BioLibertydesigned the glove for people who suffer from hand weakness, due to age or illnesses suchas motor neurone disease and carpal tunnel syndrome.

The system detects their intention to grip by usingelectromyography (EMT) to measure the electrical activity generated by a nerves stimulation of the muscle.

An algorithm then converts the intent into force to help the wearer strengthen their grip on an object.

The glove could help users with a wide range of daily tasks, from driving to opening jars.

[Read:How Polestar is using blockchain to increase transparency]

BioLiberty cofounder Ross Hanlon said he got the idea when an aunt with multiple sclerosis started struggling with simple tasks like drinkingwater:

Being an engineer, I decided to use technology to tackle these challenges head-on with the aim of helping people like my aunt to retain their autonomy. As well as those affected by illness, the population continues to age and this places increasing pressure on care services. We wanted to support independent living and healthy aging by enabling individuals to live more comfortably in their own homes for longer.

Hanlons aunt is one of around 2.5 million UK citizens who suffer from hand weakness. An aging population means this number will only increase.

BioLibertys robotic glove and digital therapy platform could help them regain their strength.

The company has already developed a working prototype of the glove. The team now plans to use supportfrom Edinburgh Business Schools Incubator tobring the glove into homes.

Ultimately, they want their tech to help people suffering from reduced mobility to regain their independence.

Published February 16, 2021 16:17 UTC

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DeepMind hopes to teach AI to cooperate by playing Diplomacy – VentureBeat

DeepMind, the Alphabet-backed machine learning lab thats tackled chess, Go, Starcraft 2, Montezumas Revenge, and beyond, believes the board game Diplomacy could motivate a promising new direction in reinforcement learning research. In a paper published on the preprint server Arxiv.org, the firms researchers describe an AI system that achieves high scores in Diplomacy while yielding consistent improvements.

AI systems have achieved strong competitive play in complex, large-scale games like Hex, shogi, and poker, but the bulk of these are two-player zero-sum games where a player can win only by causing another player to lose. That doesnt reflect the real world, necessarily; tasks like route planning around congestion, contract negotiations, and interacting with customers all involve compromise and consideration of how preferences of group members coincide and conflict. Even when AI software agents are self-interested, they might gain by coordinating and cooperating, so interacting among diverse groups requires complex reasoning about others goals and motivations.

The game Diplomacy forces these interactions by tasking seven players with controlling multiple units on a province-level map of Europe. Each turn, all players move all their units simultaneously within one of 34 provinces, and one unit may support another unit owned by the same or another player to allow it to overcome resistance by other units. (Alternatively, units which have equal strength can hold a province or move to an adjacent space.) Provinces are supply centers, and units capture supply centers by occupying the province. Owning more supply centers allows a player to build more units, and the game is won by owning a majority of the supply centers.

Due to the interdependencies between units, players must negotiate the moves of their own units. They stand to gain by coordinating their moves with those of other players, and they must anticipate how other players will act and reflect these expectations in their actions.

We propose using games like Diplomacy to study the emergence and detection of manipulative behaviors to make sure that we know how to mitigate such behaviors in real-world applications, the coauthors wrote. Research on Diplomacy could pave the way towards creating artificial agents that can successfully cooperate with others, including handling difficult questions that arise around establishing and maintaining trust and alliances.

Above: The performance of the DeepMind system over time compared with baselines.

Image Credit: DeepMind

DeepMind focused on the no press variant of Diplomacy, where no explicit communication is allowed. It trained reinforcement learning agents agents that take actions to maximize some reward using an approach called Sampled Best Responses (SBR), which handled the large number of actions (10) players can take in Diplomacy, with a policy iteration technique that approximates the best responses to players actions as well as fictitious play.

At each iteration, DeepMinds system creates a data set of games, with actions chosen by a module called an improvement operator that uses a previous strategy (policy) and value function to find a policy that defeats the previous policy. It then trains the policy and value functions to predict the actions the improvement operator will choose as well as the game results.

The aforementioned SBR identifies policies that maximize the expected return for the systems agents against opponents policies. SBR is coupled with Best Response Policy Iteration (BRPI), a family of algorithms tailored to using SBRs in many-player games, the most sophisticated of which trains the policies to predict only the latest BR and explicitly averages historical checkpoints to provide the current empirical strategy.

To evaluate the systems performance, DeepMind measured the head-to-head win rates against six agents from different algorithms and against a population of six players independently drawn from a reference corpus. They also considered meta-games between checkpoints of one training run to test for consistent improvement and examined the exploitability (the margin by which an adversary would defeat a population of agents) of the game-playing agents.

The systems win rates werent especially high averaged over five seeds of each game, they ranged between 12.7% and 32.5% but DeepMind notes that they represent a large improvement over agents trained with supervised learning. Against one algorithm in particular DipNet in a 6-to-1 game, where six of the agents were controlled by DeepMinds system, the win rates of DeepMinds agents improved steadily through training.

In future work, the researchers plan to investigate ways to reduce the agents exploitability and build agents that reason about the incentives of others, potentially through communication. Using [reinforcement learning] to improve game-play in Diplomacy is a prerequisite for investigating the complex mixed motives and many-player aspects of this game Beyond the direct impact on Diplomacy, possible applications of our method include business, economic, and logistics domains In providing the capability of training a tactical baseline agent for Diplomacy or similar games, this work also paves the way for research into agents that are capable of forming alliances and use more advanced communication abilities, either with other machines or with humans.

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She was named one of the 100 most brilliant women in AI ethics – News@Northeastern

Computer science professor Tina Eliassi-Rad says shes proud to be named on an industry list of 100 Brilliant Women in AI Ethics, which identifies her as one of the top thinkers in the male-dominated field of artificial intelligence. But shes even prouder of what the carefully-curated list represents.

Part of the issue in a field such as computer science is that women and other under-represented minorities arent always seen. Initiatives like this one show that there are a lot of women who are qualified to do this work, says Eliassi-Rad.

Mia Shah-Dand, the CEO of the Oakland, California-based research firm Lighthouse3, created the annual list in 2018. Shah-Dand says she wanted to provide a rebuttal to technology leaders who complained that they couldnt find accomplished, diverse women to hire.

I was a little frustrated with all the times I would hear, There just arent enough qualified women, says Shah-Dand. Its the same old excuse. Well, we have an entire directory of qualified women now. There is no excuse. At this point in 2021, if you have only men on your staff, its intentional.

According to recent research by the World Economic Forum, women hold only 26% of data and artificial intelligence jobs across the globe, and even fewer have senior roles.

Shah-Dand says she included Eliassi-Rad on her 2021 list because of the professors extensive research on racial, gender and other baked-in biases in artificial intelligence algorithms.

Her emphasis on algorithmic accountability and fairness was particularly interesting, says Shah-Dand.

Algorithms, which scan large amounts of data and find whatever information its creators want, are increasingly part of our everyday lives. For example, credit card fraud departments use algorithms to detect abnormal spending, while social media algorithms use viewer interests to determine which ads to run.

Eliasi-Rads research at Northeastern focuses on the unseen but overwhelming influence that artificial intelligence algorithms can make in peoples lives, especially in social media.

Part of the problem with algorithms is that they can impact life-altering decisions if theyre used in criminal justice or even your credit score, says Eliassi-Rad. Microlenders, or individuals who issue small loans, will often check a candidates Facebook and Twitter feeds when deciding whether to grant a loan. A chance connection with someone who has defaulted on a loan could trigger a denial, says Eliassa-Rad.

Sometimes if you dont get the right loan in life, you cant better yourself, she says.

Eliassi-Rads career in computer science was sparked by her fathers early work with autonomous vehicles. She avidly read the many magazines he brought home and decided computer science was the perfect balance between math and electrical engineering. Her focus recently sharpened as she learned about the different class, race, and gender biases in machine learning.

She likens the data used in algorithms to an iconic photo of a police officers German shepherd attacking a Black high school student during a 1963 civil rights event in Birmingham, Alabama.

The German shepherd isnt racist, its the people teaching the dog, Eliassa-Rad says. Even if the data used in an algorithm isnt biased, the algorithm may still produce biased findings.

As you are developing an algorithm you are making choices, and those choices have consequences, Eliassi-Rad says.

Eliassi-Rad and Shah-Dand say the list of top women in AI ethics does more than provide a roster of qualified computer science professionals who also happen to be female, LGTBQ, or women of color. It creates a community to foster networking and support while providing role models for future generations.

Its sort of like a sisterhood, says Eliassi-Rad, who received an Outstanding Mentor Award from the Office of Science at the US Department of Energy in 2010. I hope young women see this and think, I can be somebody like this person.

For media inquiries, please contact media@northeastern.edu.

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ZeroStack Launches AI Suite for Self-Driving Clouds – Yahoo Finance

MOUNTAIN VIEW, Calif.--(BUSINESS WIRE)--

ZeroStack, the leader in making self-driving private cloud affordable for all companies, today announced its roadmap and first suite of artificial intelligence (AI) capabilities derived from machine learning. These capabilities build the foundation for self-driving clouds, making deploying, running, and managing on-premises cloud as hands off as using a public cloud. Aimed at empowering application developers, other on-premises clouds require major investments in IT infrastructure and internal skills. ZeroStacks intelligent cloud platform leverages self-healing software and algorithms developed from over one million datagrams. This economic disruption unleashes businesses to choose clouds for application development based on data locality, governance, performance and costs without technology adoption restricting their choices.

With ZeroStacks vision for automated cloud, and this first release of real capabilities, I believe they are the only credible cloud vendor to employ artificial intelligence in the service of enterprise customers, said Torsten Volk, senior analyst at Enterprise Management Associates. Given the increasing complexity of IT operations, deploying AI is an optimal way of managing costs.

The future of the datacenter is AI because fewer and fewer companies want to manage any infrastructure. As a result, the responsibility to manage increasing complexity is shifting from the customer to the vendor, said Dr. Jim Metzler, principal analyst at Ashton, Metzler and Associates. By incorporating AI technology into their software, ZeroStack is at the forefront of these tidal changes in IT.

ZeroStacks AI Suite

Designed by senior engineers from VMware and Google, ZeroStacks intelligent cloud platform collects operational data and leverages machine learning to help customers make decisions about capacity planning, troubleshooting and optimized placement of applications. ZeroStacks vision is to extend existing functionality in three phases:

ZeroStack has continually worked to reduce ITs I&O burden for enterprise customers, and our AI software strategy points the way to the future of IT operations, said Kamesh Pemmaraju, vice president of product management at ZeroStack. As placement and management of customer workloads increase datacenter complexity, AI will be a key requirement for cost-effective management, and we are at the forefront of using this technology.

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About ZeroStack

ZeroStack uses smart software and artificial intelligence to deliver a self-driving, fully integrated private cloud platform that offers the agility and simplicity of public cloud at a fraction of the cost. On premises, ZeroStacks cloud operating system converts bare-metal servers into a reliable, self-healing cloud cluster. This cluster is consumed via a self-service SaaS portal. The SaaS portal also collects operational data and uses artificial intelligence to create models that help customers make decisions about capacity planning, troubleshooting and optimized placement of applications. The integrated AppStore enables 1-click deployment of many applications that provide the platform for most modern cloud native applications. This solution is fully integrated with public clouds to offer seamless migration between clouds. The company is funded by Formation 8 and Foundation Capital, and is based in Mountain View, California. For more information, visit http://www.zerostack.com or follow us on Twitter @ZeroStackInc.

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A beginners guide to AI: The difference between video game AI and real AI – The Next Web

Welcome to TNWs beginners guide to AI. This multi-part feature should provide you with a very basic understanding of what AI is, what it can do, and how it works. The guide contains articles on (in order published)neural networks,computer vision,natural language processing,algorithms, and artificial general intelligence.

Among the most common misconceptions surrounding machine learning technology is the idea that video games dating back to the 1970s and 1980s had built-in artificial intelligence capable of interacting with a human user.

If youre curious but in a hurry, video game AI, in the traditional sense, is not what people refer to in the modern era when theyre talking about artificial intelligence. The bots in an online multiplayer game, the enemies in a first-person-shooter, and the CPU-controlled characters in old-school Nintendo games are not examples of artificial intelligence, theyre just clever programming tricks.

Artificial intelligence, in the form we discuss here at Neural, includes machine learning systems like the core neural networks behind Alexa, Siri, and Google Assistant. Adobe uses AI to predict what you want a correction to look like, Google uses it to find you a cheap flight, and Twitter uses AI to determine which ads to serve you.

But, at the risk of confusing things further, video game developers often use AI to create video games. The Unreal Engine, for example, uses AI to allow for real-time graphics rendering. AI is not usually used to control anything that interacts with the player though, because it would typically be a poor solution to most programming problems faced by developers.

When gamers think of the AI in a game, theyre probably not imagining a set of image recognition algorithms. Theyre thinking of the CPU-controlled enemies that can recognize the players actions and respond. Weve seen CPU enemies take cover, call for backup, and respond in kind when players use new tactics. Again, this usually isnt accomplished with artificial intelligence.

Theres only so many things an agent can do in a video game, so its usually more cost-effective and simple to just code an agent to perform certain tasks than it is to train a neural network to control the agent.

Perhaps in the future as games continue to expand in size and features itll begin to make sense to create AI-powered agents to explore video game worlds in tandem with players. One of the most popular forms of developing robust AI systems is to let models loose in video game worlds. StarCraft and Super Mario Bros. are among the most popular gaming worlds for machine learning research.

But the purpose of such research has nothing to do with video game development. Researchers observe AI models in gaming worlds because theyre often physics-based, and that helps AI learn how the real world works.

Though there are some exceptions, we can typically assume any AI reference in the gaming world that refers to the CPUs control over agents ie, the enemy orcs in Shadow of War or the AI-companions in Fallout 4 is not actual artificial intelligence. Though the developers of both games likely used AI for myriad functions in their creation, the games themselves dont have an AI baked-in specifically to control NPCs, agents, monsters, allies, or bad guys.

Published August 10, 2020 21:16 UTC

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Right-Wing Populism May Rise in the U.S. – WSJ

William A. Galston writes the weekly Politics & Ideas column in the Wall Street Journal. He holds the Ezra K. Zilkha Chair in the Brookings Institutions Governance Studies Program, where he serves as a senior fellow. Before joining Brookings in January 2006, he was Saul Stern Professor and Acting Dean at the School of Public Policy, University of Maryland, director of the Institute for Philosophy and Public Policy, founding director of the Center for Information and Research on Civic Learning and Engagement (CIRCLE), and executive director of the National Commission on Civic Renewal. A participant in six presidential campaigns, he served from 1993 to 1995 as Deputy Assistant to President Clinton for Domestic Policy.

Mr. Galston is the author of 10 books and more than 100 articles in the fields of political theory, public policy, and American politics. His most recent books are The Practice of Liberal Pluralism (Cambridge, 2004), Public Matters (Rowman & Littlefield, 2005), and Anti-Pluralism: The Populist Threat to Liberal Democracy (Yale, 2018). A winner of the American Political Science Associations Hubert H. Humphrey Award, he was elected a Fellow of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences in 2004.

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Right-Wing Populism May Rise in the U.S. - WSJ

What is the difference between hemp seed oil and CBD oil?

Since the approval of the first cannabidiol (CBD)-based drug by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA), consumers have become increasingly interested in the benefits of hemp seed and CBD oils.

First, it is important to note that there is a lot of confusion around the names of these products. Hemp oil is another way that people can refer to CBD oil. However, some people may also refer to hemp seed oil as hemp oil.

Hemp seed oil and CBD oil are very different products.

CBD oil uses the stalks, leaves, and flowers of the hemp plant in its production. These contain a higher concentration of CBD, which is a compound with numerous potential health benefits.

Meanwhile, hemp seed oil comes from the seeds of the Cannabis sativa plant. The seeds do not contain CBD, but they still have a rich profile of nutrients, fatty acids, and useful bioactive compounds that can also have health benefits.

Having a better understanding of hemp seed oil and CBD oil may allow both clinicians and consumers to choose the safest and most appropriate product.

Keep reading to learn more about the differences between hemp seed oil and CBD oil.

Hemp seed oil derives from the seeds of the Cannabis sativa plant. It contains omega-6 and omega-3 fatty acids, gamma-linolenic acid, and other nutritional antioxidants. It is also high in B vitamins and vitamin D.

People will not get high when using hemp seed oil, as it contains no tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) and little to no CBD.

People do not use hemp seed oil for recreational purposes. This is because the levels of THC and CBD, which cause the psychoactive effects, are either limited or absent.

Some nutritional supplements contain hemp seed oil because of its high omega-3 and omega-6 fatty acid, gamma-linolenic acid, and nutritious antioxidant content.

Other uses of hemp seed oil include manufacturing clothing and fibers.

Some people suggest that hemp seed oils can help people maintain good cardiovascular health by improving:

However, the evidence for its efficacy for these purposes is not clear.

When manufacturers add hemp seed oil to nutritional products such as snack bars, breads, cookies, and yogurt it provides an excellent source of nutrients. It is rich in unsaturated fatty acids and essential amino acids.

Hemp seed oil also has several possible benefits, including:

Some other possible benefits of hemp seed oil include:

Hemp seed oil also contains other components that may provide benefits to consumers.

Manufacturers extract hemp seed oil from the seeds of the hemp plant.

Since the oil comes from the seeds and not the leaves, flowers, or stem of the cannabis plant, hemp seed oil does not contain THC.

Consuming hemp seed oil is safe.

However, it may not provide any benefit for cardiovascular health, as some people believe. Some consumers also report digestive issues, but these effects may not occur in everyone.

Less than 0.3% of the dry weight of hemp seed oil contains THC, so people are unlikely to experience a high when consuming it.

Learn more about the potential benefits of hemp seeds here.

People can generally find three different types of CBD oil on the market:

It is important to note that because these terms are not regulated, some manufacturers may use them interchangeably.

People should always check the Certificate of Analysis (COA) of CBD products. Usually, a third party will conduct this testing. Checking the COA is the only way to fully understand what exactly a CBD oil product contains.

Some people use CBD oils for their alleged medicinal benefits.

For example, people may use CBD-derived products for:

Aside from the antiepileptic effects of CBD, researchers still need to confirm the other potential therapeutic benefits of CBD.

Since full-spectrum CBD oil contains THC, some people may use it for recreational purposes because it has psychoactive effects. Other effects of THC may include preventing nausea and vomiting.

These oils may also contain smaller amounts of other phytocannabinoids and terpenoids, which may have other effects that require further investigation.

Learn more about the potential health benefits of CBD oil here.

Researchers are still attempting to determine how CBD affects the body, but they suggest that it works in several ways, including by:

The THC in full-spectrum CBD oil binds to the CB1 receptor in the endocannabinoid system, and this is responsible for its psychoactive effects.

Full- and broad-spectrum CBD oils may also contain beta-caryophyllene, which can bind to the CB2 receptors. Researchers are still investigating the function of the CB2 receptors.

Several components of the different CBD oils have specific effects.

The following table summarizes some of the components in CBD oils and their potential effects:

Researchers are still studying the effects of the components in CBD-derived products.

CBD oil comes from the flowers and leaves of the plant. With specialized extraction processes such as carbon dioxide extraction, manufacturers can draw out an extract rich in CBD and other components.

Although manufacturers need to keep all components intact for full-spectrum CBD oil products, they only need to extract CBD for CBD isolate.

Research suggests that CBD-derived products are safe and have limited side effects. Although information about the safety of different CBD oils is lacking, researchers have studied the side effects of individual ingredients in CBD-derived products.

For example, there were no reported side effects when participants took 300 milligrams (mg) of CBD per day for up to 6 months. A study also demonstrated no side effects when people took up to 1,500 mg per day for a month.

Larger studies into the effects of Epidiolex, a CBD drug for people with epilepsy, reported some side effects. These included:

Experts advise people who want to use CBD-derived products to ensure that they can trust their source. Improper labeling and faulty manufacturing processes can expose people to contaminants or THC in CBD isolate or broad-spectrum CBD oil.

Today, regulations on product labeling in the United States are unclear. To select an appropriate and safe product, experts suggest ensuring that:

People who want to use CBD oils or other CBD-derived products should speak with a doctor or qualified cannabis clinician first, as CBD can interfere with certain other medications.

Learn more about some of the top CBD oils available here.

Hemp seed oil and CBD oil both derive from the cannabis plant. CBD oil comes from the flowers, leaves, and stems, while hemp seed oil uses extract from the seeds of the cannabis plant.

Products containing hemp seed and CBD oils do not typically cause a high, since the levels of THC, if any, tend to be very low.

Both CBD oil and hemp seed oil have numerous potential health benefits, but because research is limited, scientists must continue to study them.

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CBD Oil: 9 Science-Backed Benefits Forbes Health

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Hurd YL, Yoon M, Manini AF, et al. Early Phase in the Development of Cannabidiol as a Treatment for Addiction: Opioid Relapse Takes Initial Center Stage. Neurotherapeutics. 2015;12(4):807-815.

Bilsland LG, Dick JR, Pryce G, et al. Increasing cannabinoid levels by pharmacological and genetic manipulation delay disease progression in SOD1 mice. FASEB J. 2006;20(7):1003-1005.

Meyer T, Funke A, Mnch C, et al. Real world experience of patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) in the treatment of spasticity using tetrahydrocannabinol:cannabidiol (THC:CBD). BMC Neurol. 2019;19(1):222.

Russo EB. Cannabinoids in the management of difficult to treat pain. Ther Clin Risk Manag. 2008;4(1):245-259.

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Malfait AM, Gallily R, Sumariwalla PF, et al. The nonpsychoactive cannabis constituent cannabidiol is an oral anti-arthritic therapeutic in murine collagen-induced arthritis. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2000;97(17):9561-9566.

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The 7 Best CBD Oils For Sleep That Help You Stay Calm Before Bed – mindbodygreen

  1. The 7 Best CBD Oils For Sleep That Help You Stay Calm Before Bed  mindbodygreen
  2. How To Make Cbd Gummies With Hemp Oil Kelly Clarkson Cbd Gummies Fox News  Moviebill
  3. CBD Gummies Ireland [Scam or Legit] CBD Gummies Shocking Exposed Benefits Price & Where to BUY!  Deccan Herald
  4. Paul McCartney Never Endorsed CBD Gummies, Nor Is He Dead  Snopes.com
  5. FAB CBD Gummies Reviews: Best Delta 9 THC Gummies  Outlook India
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