Mars Image Takes Earth Photo Event to a New World

Artist renditon of Mars and an image from Opportunity
To supplement a May 2 event when photographs were taken of thousands of locations on Earth, NASA's Mars rover Opportunity added a scene from a different world.
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When some Mars explorers learned of plans for a worldwide photography event combining shots taken from thousands of different locations on May 2, 2010, they figured, "Why just one world?"

A New York Times photography blog, Lens, proposed the event and has received more than 12,000 images from around the world. Plus one from a rover on Mars.

The inspiration came from a suggestion by Emily Lakdawalla, science and technology coordinator for The Planetary Society in Pasadena, Calif.

Astronomer Jim Bell of Cornell University in Ithaca, N.Y., lead scientist for the panoramic camera (Pancam) on NASA's Mars Exploration Rover Opportunity, suggested that the rover team include commands for Opportunity to take multiple exposures late in the Martian afternoon on May 2. The resulting scene extends from the rover's own deck to ochre sky above the horizon more than 3 kilometers (2 miles) away. Dramatically shaded ripples of windblown sand reach toward the distant horizon.

The Opportunity image is highlighted at the Lens blog at: http://lens.blogs.nytimes.com/2010/05/12/readers-19/. The entire gallery of "Moment in Time" images, the vast majority from Planet Earth, is online at: http://www.nytimes.com/interactive/2010/05/03/blogs/a-moment-in-time.html#/4bdd9784db799a656b0002e9.

The Lens blog proposed that photos be shot at 1500 Universal Time (UT, or Greenwich Mean Time) on May 2 from locations around the world. For logistical reasons, the rover instead took the pictures just before 1500 "local true solar time" on Mars, which was about 1115 UT on May 2 on Earth. Shortly afterwards, the rover transmitted the image data to NASA's Mars Odyssey orbiter, which relayed them to Earth.

"It wasn't until about 1500 Universal Time on Earth that we could actually see the images and combine them into a mosaic," Bell said. "So we shot the mosaic on Mars at around 1500 local Mars time and received and processed the image on Earth around 1500 Universal Time. In those respects, we hope that our entry is consistent with the spirit of the rules, making this a truly interplanetary event."

The Jet Propulsion Laboratory in Pasadena, Calif., manages the Mars Exploration Rovers, Spirit and Opportunity, for NASA's Science Mission Directorate, Washington. JPL is a division of the California Institute of Technology in Pasadena.

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National Lab Day Liftoff

It's no secret that America is going to need many more young people to pursue science and technology professions in the future. As we celebrate National Lab Day on May 12, we have an opportunity for people currently in these careers to work with students and teachers and get them excited about science, technology, engineering and mathematics (STEM) subjects. But National Lab Day is more than just one single day in the year. It's really a collaborative movement to support people who work in our classrooms to inspire tomorrow’s innovators.

I have a particular interest in activities like this. I was born and raised in Columbia, SC – the son of two public school teachers who, despite very long hours and modest wages, loved each and every day of their work. They made the hard choice to remain in public education because they knew it was their opportunity to inspire thousands of students and to give them the foundation they would need to take their places in national, state, and local leadership. My parents’ dedication instilled in me a deep and personal passion for education.

Yesterday, I had the opportunity to follow in my parents’ footsteps for a day and work with Lisa Miller’s fifth grade students at Langdon Education Campus, a school located in Washington, DC. These students have been studying the solar system, and I had the opportunity to share with them my experience of living and working in space as a NASA astronaut before I became the NASA Administrator. We spent time discussing Newton’s Laws of Motion with me giving them examples of ways in which we are able to demonstrate those laws real-time while in the weightless environment of space. We had an energetic discussion on how these laws are present in everyday life.

After this opening exchange, NASA education staff and I joined the students in their adventure to become rocket scientists for a day, as we built large paper rockets and test flew them using a high-power launcher. Following their rockets’ flight, the students evaluated their designs, modified them, and flew them again to determine if their changes affected the rocket's performance. It was amazing to see these young future engineers at work – to see the determination on their faces as they designed their rocket and the ensuing pride as they saw their rockets successfully launch.

NASA as an agency has embraced National Lab Day and has scheduled activities at schools throughout the week supported by volunteers from its field centers across the nation and from its headquarters here in Washington DC. For instance, Kennedy Space Center in Florida is hosting an educational event for students from local-area high schools who will learn about NASA and the benefits of science, technology, engineering and mathematics, fields related to our world and beyond.

There is a crisis in the United States that stems from the gap between the nation’s growing need for scientists, engineers, and other technically skilled workers, and our supply. This crisis in education, if not resolved, will contribute to future declines in qualified employees to meet demands in critical career fields that affect U.S. global competitiveness and the national economy. However, seeing the engagement and enthusiasm of those fifth grade students, I am hopeful that given the opportunity, our youth shall be inspired and motivated to consider STEM careers.

I have said this before -- NASA inspires the next generation through our compelling missions, but we must do more. We will continue to move things to the next level by directly exposing students to dynamic STEM activities that form the basis of our work. When students can get involved directly with NASA's missions in all their diversity, they just might take that next step to join us and take part in the nation's future in exploration. And National Lab Day really gets students involved.

A direct compliment to National Lab Day is a new project that I have directed to be implemented this summer, the Summer of Innovation project, which supports the President’s Educate to Innovate campaign. This is NASA’s first initiative supporting intensive STEM summer learning opportunities for middle school students and teachers focused on students who are underrepresented, underserved and underperforming in STEM.

I hope that this summer thousands of students across the country will feel the same excitement that the students at Langdon Education Campus felt yesterday as they learned first-hand what it was like to tackle a design challenge like an engineer – a real rocket scientist! And that’s just the launch pad for much more to come.

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NASA to Fund Innovative Museum Exhibits and Planetarium Shows

montage of planets
Montage of our solar system.
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Innovative planetarium shows and traveling museum exhibits are among nine projects NASA has selected to receive agency funding this year. NASA's Competitive Program for Science Museums and Planetariums will provide $7 million in grants to enhance educational outreach related to space exploration, aeronautics, space science, Earth science and microgravity.

This year's grants to nine informal education providers range from approximately $177,000 to $1.25 million and have a maximum five-year performance period. The projects are located in Arizona, Connecticut, Indiana, Louisiana, Maryland, Minnesota, Ohio, Utah and Washington. The selected projects will work with NASA's Shared Services Center in Mississippi to complete the business review necessary before a NASA award is issued.

"Science centers and planetariums contribute significantly to engaging people of all ages in science, technology, engineering and math," said James Stofan, acting associate administrator for NASA's Office of Education. "NASA wants to give the informal education community access to a variety of agency staff and resources while offering professional development opportunities for informal science educators and encouraging the formation of collaborative partnerships."

The selected organizations will partner with NASA's Museum Alliance, an Internet-based, national network of more than 400 science and nature centers, planetariums, museums, aquariums, zoos and related organizations. The projects will engage the public and educators by providing NASA-inspired space, science, technology, engineering and mathematics learning opportunities.

NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory in Pasadena, Calif., leads the Museum Alliance for the agency. The California Institute of Technology in Pasadena manages JPL for NASA. More information about the Museum Alliance is online at: http://informal.jpl.nasa.gov/museum.

Congress initiated the Competitive Program for Science Museums and Planetariums in 2008. The first group of projects began in 2009. NASA's Office of Education and agency mission directorates collaborated to solicit and review the grant applications. A list of the newly-selected projects is at: http://nspires.nasaprs.com . Click on "Selected Proposals" and look for Competitive Program for Science Museums and Planetariums.

More information about NASA's education programs is at: http://www.nasa.gov/education.

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Smog Bloggers Make Understanding Air Pollution a Breeze

Has pollen got your sneezing? Wondering what's causing that mysterious afternoon haze? How do you find out what's in the air you are breathing? For the thousands of people who visit the University of Maryland Baltimore County's "Smog Blog" each day, the answer is just a web click away.

NASA has released a short video that highlights how the Smog Bloggers combine laser measurements of current air quality with NASA satellite data to paint a daily picture of air pollution across the US. To date, the blog has received over two million hits, and is itself a big hit with weather forecasters, astronomers, asthma sufferers, and those with just a healthy curiosity about what kinds of pollution they may be breathing in.

You can visit the University of Maryland's Smog Blog at: http://alg.umbc.edu/usaq/.

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NASA Uses ‘Polka Dots’ For Precision Measurements

Rob Black, senior applications engineer with Shape Fidelity Inc., of Huntsville, Ala., a contractor with the Ares I Upper Stage team, sets up for photogrammetry processWhat weighs 600 pounds, is shiny-silver with black and white polka dots and shaped like an upside-down saucer? If you guessed some sort of mod, fancy looking UFO, you are close. It's a fuel tank dome being developed for NASA's next-generation launch vehicles.

But why polka dots? They are part of an engineering tool called photogrammetry, the practice of determining the geometric properties of objects from photographic images. It is a process used by engineers at NASA's Marshall Space Flight Center in Huntsville, Ala., to accurately measure most everything from hardware to the tools used to make the hardware. Analytical photogrammetry is now routinely employed in tasks as diverse as machine tool inspection, fixture checking and structural deformation monitoring.

"This is a reasonably cheap process that provides engineers with a precise, three-dimensional measuring tool," said Sandeep Shah, upper stage manufacturing and assembly subsystem manager for Ares Projects at the Marshall Center. "It's a novel application of an existing technology that allows us to capture the true geometry of parts and components as they are produced, and provides immediate feedback to our team."

So How Does It Work?

The system typically requires only two engineers, a computer, a camera, targets or dots, two scale bars -- used as points of reference because of their exact length -- and a specially designed 3-D scanner.

"That’s what makes photogrammetry such a great tool," Shah said. "It's simple, mobile, fast, cheap and extremely accurate. Though we've only used photogrammetry for a couple of years, I can't imagine future development and production of flight hardware without it."

First, black and white target dots are irregularly placed several inches apart on the test object. The irregular spacing is designed to assist the computer software in identifying each individual target. Next, the engineer takes pictures of the test article from every angle, using a standard, 10-megapixel camera. The number of photographs needed varies depending on the size and shape of the test article. The photos then are transferred to a computer, where the software identifies the targets to produce a skeleton-like outline, referred to as an optical global framework.

Finally, a three-dimensional, white-light scanner is used to scan small sections of the test article -- producing accurate surface definitions and thus a near-perfect computer-aided design, or CAD, model.

"CAD systems allow engineers to view a design from any angle, with the push of a button, to zoom in or out for close-ups or long-distance views," said Rob Black, senior applications engineer with Shape Fidelity Inc., of Huntsville, Ala, a contractor for Ares Projects at Marshall. "NASA is one of the very few organizations worldwide that employs this technology on large-scale precision hardware."

Photogrammetry is often used for large terrestrial applications such as architecture or shipbuilding, but NASA is unique in its routine use of close-range, precision photogrammetry and scanning on large aerospace structures and tooling.

"We have used this process to build CAD models of everything from an airplane to a roach -- that's right, a bug -- just to demonstrate the flexibility of the system," Black said. "When engineers needed a computer model of a C-130 aircraft, we used the photogrammetry process to provide an exact computer model.

"But it's important to understand that with photogrammetry we are providing a fully functional, 3D engineering model of the test article," he said. "Take the roach for example -- once photographed and scanned into the system, the software is capable of providing exact measurements of every detail, from the length of its antenna to the exact width of its wing. How cool is that?"

This technology provides an additional application called reverse engineering, a process that allows engineers to put a completed product through the photogrammetry process, then compare it to the original engineering model.

"We have a project involving valves that need to be replaced, but no drawings, models or other documentation exists," Shah said. "This technology allows us to rebuild these items digitally and generate data necessary to manufacture new ones or define analysis models."

"The larger vision for photogrammetry is that we can quickly develop manufacturing definitions of major vehicle elements while they are still at their respective fabrication sites," he said. "These elements can be assembled digitally to find integration, alignment or any other problems before they are shipped to the assembly site. Problems can be detected early, addressed and fixed prior to shipment -- saving tremendously on both schedule and cost."

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Australia Balloon Mishap Investigation

Project personnel inspect damage following a NASA scientific balloon launch mishap on April 28 at the Alice Springs Balloon Launching Center, near the town of Alice Springs, Australia. No injuries were reportedNASA has established five-member board to investigate the April 28, 2010, launch mishap involving one of its scientific balloons at the Alice Springs Balloon Launching Center, near the town of Alice Springs, Australia.

The board will travel to the accident site this weekend. Members will spend several days interviewing witnesses and collecting and reviewing data and evidence, then return to the United States to complete their report.

"We want to apply the full complement of NASA's expertise and resources to understand the cause of the accident and what needs to be done to improve the safety of our balloon launch operation," said Michael Weiss, chairman of the mishap investigation board. "We will gather as much information as we can and bring it back with us for further review. We will take as much time as is necessary to sift through all the documents, videos, photographs and witness statements, and conduct a thorough, thoughtful analysis."

The purpose of the investigation is to determine what caused the accident and identify corrective actions necessary to ensure public safety during future launch operations. The investigating board will gather information, analyze facts, identify causes and contributing factors, and recommend ways to prevent a similar accident in the future. The board also will review the adequacy of prelaunch planning operations, launch procedures and safety accommodations for launch spectators, and provide recommendations and lessons learned to be incorporated into a corrective action plan.

Support equipment and documentation related to the launch operation and the ensuing accident have been impounded for the investigation. NASA has said it will not launch another scientific balloon until it understands the failure at Alice Springs, identifies and implements corrective actions, and is confident that it can assure the safety of NASA employees and the public.

The balloon was attempting to launch the Nuclear Compton Telescope, or NCT, a $2-million gamma-ray telescope from the University of California in Berkeley. The payload was designed to study astrophysical sources of nuclear line emission with high spectral and spatial resolution. When the balloon was released, its payload dragged the ground for about 150 yards, hitting a fence and a sport utility vehicle. No injuries were reported.

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NASA Students Use Satellites to Check for Ticks

Likely tick habitats related to high NDVI and soil moisture levels were identified around the Black Warrior River in Central AlabamaUsing state-of-the-art NASA satellite information, about a dozen students from the University of Alabama at Birmingham and Jacksonville State University in Jacksonville, Ala., are busy checking state forests for ticks that may carry Lyme disease.

The students, participating in a NASA program called DEVELOP, have spent three school terms looking at habitats favorable for the proliferation of the blood-sucking arachnids.

DEVELOP is a mentorship and training program sponsored by the Applied Sciences Program in NASA's Earth Science Division of the Science Mission Directorate in Washington, D.C. DEVELOP engages students in scientific fieldwork and lab study and teaches them how to analyze research results and share them with scientific and public communities.

The students deliver research results, measurements and predictions that address local policy and environmental concerns, and develop professional-caliber products to aid community leaders and local and state governments with decision-making. In the process, the students gain real-world research experience -- and the capability to contribute immediately to the science community.

A bull's-eye rash appears at the site of a tick bite on the right upper arm of a woman who subsequently contracted Lyme diseaseDr. Jeffrey Luvall, a senior research scientist at NASA's Marshall Space Flight Center in Huntsville, Ala., mentors students in the DEVELOP program. "NASA is committed to inspiring young people in science, technology, engineering and math,” Luvall said. “The DEVELOP program offers a dual benefit -- encouraging students to pursue careers in technical fields, and helping communities and states through expanded use of NASA satellite information."

During the summer of 2009 through spring 2010 sessions, students chose to work with NASA's satellite-based, remote-sensing technology, and geographic information systems software to focus on research into Lyme disease. The disease can become a serious, chronic illness in humans when undiagnosed and untreated.

Under high magnification, this scanning electron micrograph (SEM) depicts the base of hair emanating from the back of an unidentified male tick found on a catNASA's Advanced Space borne Thermal Emission and Reflection Radiometer (ASTER) sensor was utilized along with the USGS-partnered Landsat, and digital Globe's Quickbird satellite. Students used the satellite imagery to analyze soil moisture and vegetation at 12 locations in the Talladega National Forest in north-central Alabama, creating detailed digital maps and images showing conditions on the ground that could support habitats for carriers of Lyme disease: blacklegged ticks (deer ticks). Important hosts for these ticks include: white-tailed deer; and the white-footed mouse. Results of their satellite imagery analysis showed areas of dense vegetation overlapped with high soil moisture -- likely tick habitats.

Blacklegged ticks are known as one of the disease transmitting organisms for Lyme diseaseAs the final element of their DEVELOP program work, participating students are establishing venues to directly educate the public about Lyme disease. This summer, they will work with Girl Scout troops and camps around northern Alabama, providing scouts and adult supervisors with information about tick-borne diseases and prevention methods. Additionally, student researchers attend conferences to convey what they have learned, increasing awareness not just of the serious risk of Lyme disease exposure, but also of the DEVELOP program itself. Their outreach effort helps NASA to recruit new groups of potential applicants and explore future research topics and collaborations.

The DEVELOP program, led by NASA's Langley Research Center in Hampton, Va., is active at five NASA facilities: Marshall Space Flight Center; Ames Research Center in Moffett Field, Calif.; Goddard Space Flight Center in Greenbelt, Md.; Stennis Space Center near Bay St. Louis, Miss.; and the Jet Propulsion Laboratory in Pasadena, Calif. Internship opportunities with the program are available during the spring, summer and fall. High school, undergraduate and graduate students with strong interests in science, technology and government policymaking are encouraged to apply.

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Futurist Tactile Dinners in D.C. (May 13-17)

A Tactile Dinner

Big Bear Cafe
1700 1st Street NW, Washington, D.C.
10-course “sensory” vegetarian [yay!] menu for $25 (plus $5 suggested gratuity)
Tonight and tomorrow’s shows are sold-out, but tickets are still available for Saturday, May 15 at 7 and 9:30 p.m.

or

Long View Gallery
1234 9th Street NW, Washington, D.C.
This version of the event includes an aperitivo plus 15 omnivore courses for $45.
Tickets are available for Sunday, May 16 at 5 and 7:30 p.m. and Monday, May 17 at 7 and 9:30 p.m.

via DCist

See last year’s Tactile Dinner

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Why Was Pathway Targeted for FDA Enforcement and Not 23andMe?

In response to Dan Vorhaus, Of Drugstores and Devices: Parsing the FDA’s Evolving DTC “Policy”

Perhaps Pathway has been targeted for regulatory enforcement not because of a particular of “substance”, but because of a particular of enforcement itself: it is easier to physically enforce containment than it is to ideologically enforce cooperation.

I do believe that location is relevant to FDA enforcement because American federal government agencies police the “location” of the geographic United States and not the substance of ideas as universal abstractions.

However, I do agree that I think that the “discretion of enforcement” has been crudely applied. I too would prefer that this “regulatory discussion” began with an official publication describing enforcement policy rather than a quote in the popular press.

But, perhaps the attitude of many people is that while they too prefer a “regulatory discussion,” they do not deign themselves to participate in “block faction conflicts.” In that case, enforcement is not about “substance”: who started what in medical genomics. It’s all about “location”: expedient slum clearance without lame excuses and backtalk from the denizens of DTC Genomics.

Indeed: how do you host a good faith, civilized conversation about “genomics in public health” with the sort of rabble who sells Tay-Sachs, BRCA, and drug metabolism diagnostics as “Not for diagnostic use” from a blimp over booze with celebrities; who call themselves “revolutionaries” and you “the evil empire” and then publicly mock your inaction to stop them?

I disagree with Steven Murphy that the regulatory agencies should have been included in the first place. I think that the FDA should have never have been engaged at all.

Ideally, people would be trusted to order their own medical tests reasonably, and medical test providers would be trusted to govern themselves sincerely. But no. A certain cabal and their trashy scheme to “seize the future of entrepreneurship” has ruined this future for everybody.

So, I think that Pathway has been selected for FDA enforcement not because of any particular about Pathway’s genetic test itself, but because Pathway was a vulnerable target in an already targeted domain, and it’s easier to start with a one easy win as precedence for future enforcement policy than it is to try to police all possible targets simultaneously.

Aside: Isn’t this what Fancy School is for? You go to Fancy School to learn how to act civilized, and in exchange, you are given the power and the discretion to operate in society beyond what is otherwise tolerated. You don’t actually have to be civilized. (That’s for sucker overachieving middle class types who try too hard and don’t know better.) You just have to not flaunt yourselves in public and embarrass everybody.

This sounds like a fair deal to me: in exchange for not insulting everybody with your trashy “non-medical” Tay-Sachs, BRCA Breast Cancer, and drug metabolism medical tests which you push on the public as a goofy toys while you play T-Shirt Che Guevara, you don’t have to suffer the indignity of arbitrary FDA beat cop interrogations for whichever of your hoodies happen to be most conveniently “available” and then having to list your home address, driver’s license, and the contact information of your “current or most recent employer” for “future reference.”

(But Andrew, 23andMe and Pathway are completely different companies!)

Yah. Uh huh. Yah. Wrong neighborhood. Cops don’t care. You all look the same. Name, address, license and registration? Sign here, please.

Frank Frazetta, Renowned Fantasy Artist, Dies at 82



Frank Frazetta, 82, the celebrated comic artist and illustrator whose ax-wielding muscular warriors, scantily clad heroines and ferocious beasts of prey graced numerous science fiction and fantasy novels, died May 10 at a hospital in Fort Myers, Fla., after a stroke.

Mr. Frazetta, who started as a pencil-and-ink comic book artist, painted movie posters and rock album covers, but he was perhaps best known for the cover illustrations to the paperback reissues of Robert E. Howard’s Conan the Barbarian series and Edgar Rice Burroughs’s Tarzan and Pellucidar series.

Mr. Frazetta’s drawings were credited with renewing the popularity of the character, a mainstay of the 1930s pulp magazine Weird Tales. He helped define the illustration style for the fantasy sub-genre known as “sword and sorcery.”

Describing Mr. Frazetta’s bold, sexually charged style, the author Donald Newlove wrote in 1977, “There’s no love of decay and fetidness — his swamps and jungles are soft green, lush, aswirl and gently vivid, germinal . . . a perfect setting for the erotic.”

Mr. Frazetta was one of the first artists in paperbacks and comics to negotiate the ownership of his artwork — a move that worked out well for him. The cover painting for a 1966 Lancer books edition of “Conan the Conqueror” sold for $1 million in a 2009 auction.

Although he left comics work in the 1960s, his later paintings influenced such artists as Richard Corben of Heavy Metal magazine and anticipated a trend toward painted graphic novels.

Original article found here

New Insights Show Ginseng Fights Inflammation

(HealthDay News) -- Ginseng has been used in medicine for centuries, and now its reputation for improving health is expanding: A new study has found that the herb, which is used in traditional Chinese and other Asian medicine, fights inflammation.

Researchers from the University of Hong Kong identified seven constituents of ginseng, called ginsenosides, that showed immunosuppressive effects.

The findings are published online in the Journal of Translational Medicine.

"The anti-inflammatory role of ginseng may be due to the combined effects of these ginsenosides, targeting different levels of immunological activity, and so contributing to the diverse actions of ginseng in humans," said research leader Allan Lau. "Further studies will be needed to examine the potential beneficial effects of ginsenosides in the management of acute and chronic inflammatory diseases in humans." Read more...



ClariMind Memory & Concentration Supplement

Life and Death – A Year Ago

Life and Death - and Life - Outside My Tent Flap

"May 6th 2009 was one of the more remarkable days I have had in many a year - so much so that It took me several days to collect my thoughts on all that transpired. The day began with a friend and his colleagues departing on a personal quest. It was interrupted by an abrupt and brutal reminder of just how deadly this quest could be and how others can die in its pursuit. A life was lost this day. Lives were also saved. In both cases, it was Sherpas who either bore the loss or engaged in selfless heroics. I continue to be amazed and yet humbled by these happy, usually quiet, courteous people. Their strength and skill serve only to underscore their humble, understated nature. Alas, this amazing capacity often goes under appreciated."

Massive Avalanche Over The Lower Khumbu Icefall (photos)

GateKeeper? F! U!

Dan Vorhaus recently had a great post about the FDA coming in to carpet bomb DTC now OTCGenomics.

But what I am pissed off about is everyone using the term gatekeeper connoting a doctor required to do something.

What the FCUK do you think I am? A gatekeeper is a lot like a door man.

I don't get your bags.

I don't just open the door for you.

I am not profiting from the test that is ordered.

I am saving your f'ing life.

Stop calling me GateKeeper and call me what I am.

Doctor. Sworn to save your life.