[News@1 Junior Edition] Doors to explore: 5 beaches to visit this Holy week [03|30|14] – Video

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[News@1 Junior Edition] Doors to explore: 5 beaches to visit this Holy week [03|30|14]
[News@1 Junior Edition] Doors to explore: 5 beaches to visit this Holy week (Reported by Mayie Mapili) [March 30, 2014] For more news, visit: http://www.ptv...

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[News@1 Junior Edition] Doors to explore: 5 beaches to visit this Holy week [03|30|14] - Video

Easter holiday warning about riptides on British beaches caused by winter storms

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By Travelmail Reporter

Published: 09:04 EST, 3 April 2014 | Updated: 10:19 EST, 3 April 2014

A safety warning has been issued to British families hoping hit the beaches during the Easter holidays, after winter storms dramatically changed the coastline causing lethal riptides in previously-safe waters.

The Royal National Lifeboat Institution (RNLI) says holidaymakers will be startled when they see beaches in Devon and Cornwall, which have be changed almost beyond recognition.

As the Easter holidays begin and the mild weather continues, families venturing onto Britain's beaches are being advised to take care as 100mph winds over winter have shifted millions of tons of golden sands and shingle, creating new currents.

Bearing the brunt: Cornish beaches were hit hard by the winter storms which brought 100mph winds

Steve Instance, RNLI senior lifeguard manager for the South West of England, said: 'The winter storms have dramatically changed the make-up of most the beaches and many people returning to their favourite spots may be surprised at how different everything looks.'

He explained: 'This includes significant erosion of the sand dunes where gentle slopes have washed away, leaving sheer sand cliffs, some of which are 10 to 15 feet high.

'On other beaches, access points have altered and on some, the shifting sand has left deep channels that in turn create strong rip currents.'

Waterlogged: The South West was hit hard by storms in January and February this year

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Easter holiday warning about riptides on British beaches caused by winter storms

Can a fractionally crystallized magma ocean explain the thermo-chemical evolution of Mars?

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The impact heat accumulated during the late stage of planetary accretion can melt a significant part or even the entire mantle of a terrestrial body, giving rise to a global magma ocean. [...] Assuming fractional crystallization of the magma ocean, dense cumulates are produced close to the surface, largely due to iron enrichment in the evolving magma ocean liquid (Elkins-Tanton et al., 2003).

A gravitationally unstable mantle thus forms, which is prone to overturn. We investigate the cumulate overturn and its influence on the thermal evolution of Mars using mantle convection simulations in 2D cylindrical geometry. We present a suite of simulations using different initial conditions and a strongly temperature-dependent viscosity. We assume that all radiogenic heat sources have been enriched during the freezing-phase of the magma ocean in the uppermost 50 km and that the initial steam-atmosphere created by the degassing of the freezing magma ocean was rapidly lost, implying that the surface temperature is set to present-day values. In this case, a stagnant lid forms rapidly on top of the convective interior preventing the uppermost dense cumulates to sink, even when allowing for a plastic yielding mechanism.

Below this dense stagnant lid, the mantle chemical gradient settles to a stable configuration. The convection pattern is dominated by small-scale structures, which are difficult to reconcile with the large-scale volcanic features observed over Mars' surface and partial melting ceases in less than 900 Ma. Assuming that the stagnant lid can break because of additional mechanisms and allowing the uppermost dense layer to overturn, a stable density gradient is obtained, with the densest material and the entire amount of heat sources lying above the CMB. This stratification leads to a strong overheating of the lowermost mantle [...]

A.-C. Plesa (1 and 2), N. Tosi (1 and 3), D. Breuer (1) ((1) Institute of Planetary Research, German Aerospace Center (DLR), Berlin, Germany, (2) Institute of Planetology, University of Mnster, Mnster, Germany, (3) Department of Planetary Geodesy, Technische Universitt Berlin, Berlin, Germany) (Submitted on 1 Apr 2014)

Comments: 30 pages, 5 figures, 1 table, submitted to EPSL

Subjects: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP); Geophysics (physics.geo-ph)

Cite as: arXiv:1404.0306 [astro-ph.EP] (or arXiv:1404.0306v1 [astro-ph.EP] for this version)

Submission history From: Ana-Catalina Plesa [v1] Tue, 1 Apr 2014 16:55:15 GMT (1635kb)

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Can a fractionally crystallized magma ocean explain the thermo-chemical evolution of Mars?

Aerospace manufacturing joins auto plants in moving to South

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The South is home to auto giants Mercedes-Benz, Volkswagen and Nissan Motor Co. It is increasingly attracting some of the biggest names in aviation, including Boeing Co. in South Carolina, Airbus in Alabama, Gulfstream Aerospace Corp. in Georgia and GE Aviation in North Carolina.

Aerospace companies are taking a cue from the auto industry and moving their manufacturing operations to Southern states. The regions lower costs, generous state incentive packages and right-to-work laws that make it hard for unions to organize are motivating these companies to choose the South.

Four Southern states are among the top 10 states in aerospace job growth between 2007 and 2012, with South Carolina far ahead of the others, thanks to Boeing. Aerospace jobs in South Carolina jumped by more than 600% over that time period, from 865 workers to 5,685 workers, said Amy Holloway, president of Avalanche Consulting of Texas, who analyzed data from the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics.

North Carolina ranks second in aerospace job growth with a nearly 34% increase over the same period (see sidebar). Boeing selected North Charleston, S.C., in 2009 to make and assemble its 787 Dreamliner aircraft, in large part because of the $900 million in tax breaks and other incentives the state offered over 30 years. California, Connecticut, Kansas, Texas, and Washington state still have 65% of the countrys nearly 500,000 aerospace jobs. But of those states, only Washington state has seen an increase in aerospace jobs since 2001, Holloway said.

The other states have either remained relatively unchanged or lost employment. California, for example, has lost more than 8,000 aerospace jobs since 2002, including Lockheed Martin, which moved its corporate headquarters to Washington, D.C. Besides opening its plant in South Carolina, Boeing in 2012 announced it was closing its Wichita, Kansas, plant and moving that production to Oklahoma, Texas and Washington state, affecting more than 2,100 workers.

Jobs states want

U.S. manufacturing jobs in general were waning even before the recession, with employment shrinking by 22% between 2002 and 2012. The aerospace sector grew 7% over that same period. Even with the fiscal austerity in Washington, D.C., sales in the aerospace industry grew 41% from 2002 to 2012, driven largely by military and international sales, Holloway said.

And the sector is expected to grow. Boeing projects a demand for 35,000 new planes by 2032. Airbus projects building more than 29,000 jets in the same period.

States are fighting to land these jobs. Boeing, the worlds largest aerospace company, sparked a bidding frenzy among states last year when a workers union in Washington state rejected the companys contract offer and the company started looking elsewhere to make its 777X jet. Missouri, for example, held an emergency special legislative session in December 2013 and approved a $150 million a year economic incentive package to lure Boeing there.

Washington kept the project after the union decided to accept the offer after all, including freezing pensions and changing to a 401(k) plan. But the significant incentives being offered reflect the importance of these jobs to states.

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Comets feel ready to break fourth-place barrier

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WEST LIBERTY, Iowa The West Liberty High School boys soccer team doesn't want a repeat of last season, or the season before that.

The Comets are ready to break through to the championship game at the state tournament after two consecutive fourth-place finishes at James W. Cownie Soccer Park in the last two seasons.

Defense will be a key component toward building a third state run. The Comets were in the top ten in goals scored as a team with 50, but allowed 38, tied for the most scores allowed by a Class 1A state-qualifying team last season.

"Last year's team was not very good defensively," West Liberty coach Mike Gunn admitted. "We'll be a tougher defensive team this season, more physical, bigger and faster."

To the Comets' credit, they defeated 2012 champion Waterloo Columbus, upending the No. 2 seed and one of the stingiest defensive teams in the tournament 2-1.

They ran into a determined Iowa City Regina team in the semifinals, falling behind early in the first half of a 4-0 Regals victory. Regina went on to beat Dyersville Beckman 4-0 in the championship game.

"There's no reason to be that weak against their attack," Gunn said. "We had enough guys in the right place but we didn't do a very good job."

Gunn added that this will be the youngest team he's coached, but even with that youth there's plenty of experience at various levels.

Two preseason standouts are first-year forwards Andres Garcia-Vargas and Martin Menjivar-Benegas. Menjivar-Benegas moved from Honduras last year and played club soccer with Garcia-Vargas.

"Andres is a very talented forward and ... also played some with an adult soccer league," Gunn said. "Another freshman, [defender] Joe Baker, has played with the soccer club for years and is fast with good endurance."

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Comets Sign Aviani to ATO

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April 1, 2014 - American Hockey League (AHL) Utica Comets Utica Comets Director of Hockey Operations Pat Conacher announced today that the Comets have signed forward Mike Aviani (av-ee-ON-ee)to an amateur tryout contract (ATO).

Aviani, 20, recently completed his final season with the Spokane Chiefs of the Western Hockey League (WHL). He finished second on the team in goals (38), points (81) and penalty minutes (116). In four WHL playoff games he also contributed two assists.

The 5'11=80", 195-pound center played his entire junior career with Spokane and appeared in 273 games since the 2009-10 season. He finished his career with 89 goals and 118 assists for 207 points, along with 338 penalty minutes and a plus-100 rating.

A native of North Vancouver, BC, Aviani was given the Chiefs Humanitarian of the Year award following the 2012-13 season. He was taken in the fifth round of the 2008 WHL Bantam Draft and made his Spokane debut as a 16-year-old in 2009-10.

Utica Comets season tickets are now on sale for the 2014-15 season for as low as $390. Lock in your seat with a deposit of just $100 and enjoy all the benefits of being a Comets season ticket holder. Call the Comets office at 315-790-9070 or stop by the Utica Memorial Auditorium to pick out your seat today.

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