In the curious world of quantum mechanics, a single atom or subatomic particle can exist simultaneously in multiple conditions. A new UC-led, multiuniversity institute will explore the realities of this emerging field as it focuses on advancing quantum science and engineering, with an additional goal of training a future workforce to build and use quantum computers.

The National Science Foundation (NSF) has awarded $25 million over five years to establish the NSF Quantum Leap Challenge Institute (QLCI) for Present and Future Quantum Computation as part of the federal governments effort to speed the development of quantum computers. The institute will work to overcome scientific challenges to achieving quantum computing and will design advanced, large-scale quantum computers that employ state-of-the-art scientific algorithms developed by the researchers.

There is a sense that we are on the precipice of a really big move toward quantum computing, said Dan Stamper-Kurn, UC Berkeley professor of physics and director of the institute. We think that the development of the quantum computer will be a real scientific revolution, the defining scientific challenge of the moment, especially if you think about the fact that the computer plays a central role in just about everything society does. If you have a chance to revolutionize what a computer is, then you revolutionize just about everything else.

Unlike conventional computers, quantum computers seek to harness the mysterious behavior of particles at the subatomic level to boost computing power. Once fully developed, they could be capable of solving large, extremely complex problems far beyond the capacity of todays most powerful supercomputers. Quantum systems are expected to have a wide variety of applications in many fields, including medicine, national security and science.

Theoretical work has shown that quantum computers are the best way to do some important tasks: factoring large numbers, encrypting or decrypting data, searching databases or finding optimal solutions for problems. Using quantum mechanical principles to process information offers an enormous speedup over the time it takes to solve many computational problems on current digital computers.

Scientific problems that would take the age of the universe to solve on a standard computer potentially could take only a few minutes on a quantum computer, said Eric Hudson, a UCLA professor of physics and co-director of the new institute. We may get the ability to design new pharmaceuticals to fight diseases on a quantum computer, instead of in a laboratory. Learning the structure of molecules and designing effective drugs, each of which has thousands of atoms, are inherently quantum challenges. A quantum computer potentially could calculate the structure of molecules and how molecules react and behave.

The project came to fruition, in part, thanks to a UC-wide consortium, the California Institute for Quantum Entanglement, funded by UCs Multicampus Research Programs and Initiatives (MRPI).The MRPI funding opportunity incentivizes just this kind of multicampus collaboration in emerging fields that can position UC as a national leader.

This new NSF institute is founded on the outstanding research contributions in theoretical and experimental quantum information science achieved by investigators from across the UC system through our initiative to foster multicampus collaborations, said Theresa Maldonado, Ph.D., vice president for Research and Innovation of the University of California. The award recognizes the teams vision of how advances in computational quantum science can reveal new fundamental understanding of phenomena at the tiniest length-scale that can benefit innovations in artificial intelligence, medicine, engineering, and more. We are proud to lead the nation in engaging excellent students from diverse backgrounds into this field of study.

The QLCI for Present and Future Quantum Computation connects UC Berkeley, UCLA and UC Santa Barbara with five other universities around the nation and in California. The institute will draw on a wealth of knowledge from experimental and theoretical quantum scientists to improve and determine how best to use todays rudimentary quantum computers, most of them built by private industry or government labs. The goal, ultimately, is to make quantum computers as common as mobile phones, which are, after all, pocket-sized digital computers.

The institute will be multidisciplinary, spanning physics, chemistry, mathematics, computer science, and optical and electrical engineering, among other fields, and will include scientists and engineers with expertise in quantum algorithms, mechanics and chemistry. They will partner with outside institutions, including in the emerging quantum industry, and will host symposia, workshops and other programs. Research challenges will be addressed jointly through a process that incorporates both theory and experiment.

Situated near the heart of todays computer industry, Silicon Valley and Silicon Beach, and at major California universities and national labs, the institute will train a future workforce akin to the way computer science training at universities fueled Silicon Valleys rise to become a tech giant. UCLA will pilot a masters degree program in quantum science and technology to train a quantum-smart workforce, while massive online courses, or MOOCs, will help spread knowledge and understanding of quantum computers even to high school students.

This center establishes California as a leader nationally and globally in quantum computing, Stamper-Kurn said.

The institutes initial members are all senior faculty from UC Berkeley, UCLA, UC Santa Barbara, the California Institute of Technology, the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, the University of Southern California, the University of Washington and the University of Texas at Austin.

We still do not know fully what quantum computers do well, Stamper-Kurn said, and we face deep challenges that arise in scaling up quantum devices. The mission of this institute is to address fundamental challenges in the development of the quantum computer.

More information on NSF-supported research on quantum information science and engineering is available at nsf.gov/quantum.

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New UC-led institute awarded $25M to explore potential of quantum computing and train a future workforce - University of California

TOKYO, July 30, 2020 /PRNewswire/ --Today, IBM (NYSE: IBM) and the University of Tokyo unveiled a landmark collaboration with the launch of the Quantum Innovation Initiative Consortium (QIIC). Expanding from the December 2019 JapanIBM Quantum Partnership initiative, QIIC, aims to accelerate the collaboration between industry, academia, and government to advance Japan's leadership in quantum science, business, and education.

QIIC's main goal is to strategically accelerate quantum computing R&D activities in Japan by bringing together academic talent from across the country's universities and prominent research associations and large-scale industry. The consortium plans to further develop technology for quantum computing in Japan and build an ecosystem to improve student skills and expertise, opening doors to future scientific discoveries and practical quantum applications.

Headquartered at the University of Tokyo, member organizations of QIIC will collaborate to engage students, faculty, and industry researchers with seminars, workshops, and events to foster new quantum business opportunities in Japan. Organizations in agreement to join the consortiuminclude Keio University, Toshiba, Hitachi, Mizuho,MUFG, JSR, DIC, Toyota, Mitsubishi Chemicals and IBM Japan.

These organizations in consortium will also be part of the IBM Q Network the world's first community of Fortune 500 companies, startups, academic institutions and research labs to advance quantum computing and the development of practical applications for it. As part of the network, they will have access to IBM's expertise and resources, and cloud development environment, as well as cloud-based access to the IBM Quantum Computation Center, which includes IBM's most-advanced quantum computers.

In addition to cloud-based access to the IBM's fleet of quantum systems, the QIIC will also have access to an IBM Q System One, a dedicated system planned for installation in Japan in 2021. The first of its kind in the region, and only the second such installation outside of the US, this system along with a separate testbed system to be part of a system technology development lab will support the consortium's goals of next-generation quantum hardware research and development, including cryogenic components, room temperature electronics, and micro-signal generators.

According to Professor Makoto Gonokami, President of the University of Tokyo:

"Society 5.0is the concept of a better future with inclusive, sustainable and a knowledge-intensive society where information and services create value underpinned by digital innovation. The key to realizing this society is to utilize real data in real-time. In order to achieve this, it is necessary to protect and nurture the global environment, an entity of physical space and cyberspace as one, by taking it as a global commons (a concept that encompasses global resources and the ecosystems) which is sustainable and reliable, while the fusion of physical space and cyberspace progresses.

"Quantum technology and quantum computers are indispensable technologies to make that happen. I believe that Japan will play an important role in implementing quantum computing technology to society ahead of rest of the world, and that industry-academia-government collaboration is necessary for this. The QIIC will accelerate quantum technology research and its implementation to the Society 5.0 while firmlysharing each other's wisdom and promoting the close sharing of information."

"Today, I am extremely excited and proud to launch this new consortium that will help foster economic growth and quantum technology leadership in Japan.The QIIC will greatly advance Japan's entire quantum computing ecosystem, bringing experts from industry, government and academia together to collaborate on researchand development," said Dario Gil, Director of IBM Research. "Quantum computing has the potential totackle some of the world's greatest challengesin the future.We expect that it will helpusaccelerate scientific discovery so that we candevelop vaccinesmore quickly and accurately,create new materials toaddressclimate changeor design better energy storage technologies. The potential is massive,andwe will only reach this future if we work together uniting the best minds from the public and private sectors. Universities, businesses and governments have to collaborate so that we can unleash the full potential of quantum computing."

QIIC's members are forging a path for Japan's discovery of practical quantum applications for the benefit of society. The cooperation between industry, academia, and government aims to create a new community for quantum computation research and use cases.

About IBM QuantumIBM Quantum is an industry-first initiative to build quantum systems for business and science applications. For more information about IBM's quantum computing efforts, please visitwww.ibm.com/ibmq.

For more information about the IBM Q Network, as well as a full list of all partners, members, and hubs, visithttps://www.research.ibm.com/ibm-q/network/

About The University of Tokyo

The University of Tokyo was established in 1877 as the first national university in Japan. As a leading research university, the University of Tokyo is conducting academic research in almost all fields at both undergraduate and graduate schools. The University aims to provide its students with a rich and varied academic environment that ensures opportunities for acquiring both academic and professional knowledge and skills.

Media Contacts

Chris Nay [emailprotected]

Miri Yasuhara IBM Japan +81 50 3150 7967 [emailprotected]

SOURCE IBM

http://www.ibm.com

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IBM and the University of Tokyo Unveil the Quantum Innovation Initiative Consortium to Accelerate Japan's Quantum Research and Development Leadership...

Quantum computers promise to be game-changers in fields where there are enormously complex calculations to be carried out. Hoping to use quantum computing to address one of humanitys biggest problems climate change investigators from Microsoft Research and ETH Zurich have developed a quantum algorithm they say is able to simulate catalytic processes extremely quickly. In doing so, they claim that it could be used to find an efficient method for carrying out carbon fixation, cutting down on carbon dioxide in the atmosphere by turning it into useful compounds.

At present, synthetic catalytic processes are discovered using laborious trial-and-error lab experiments. Computer simulations are much faster, but modern computers have a difficult job calculating the properties of very complex molecules. By contrast, Microsofts quantum catalytic simulation algorithm reportedly beats existing state-of-the-art algorithms by 10 times; boding well for the transformational possibilities of using quantum computing as a cornerstone of future chemistry.

Our unique approach pushes the boundaries to deliver the promise of quantum computing and to create unprecedented possibilities for our world, Matthias Troyer, distinguished scientist at Microsoft Research, told Digital Trends. Quantum computing is redefining what is possible with technology, creating unprecedented possibilities to solve humanitys most complex challenges. Microsoft is committed to turning the impossible into reality in a responsible way that brings the best solutions to humanity and our planet.

Troyer explained that the advancements in algorithms gained from this research will serve as a springboard for future work. Microsoft is hoping that it will be able to work alongside the chemistry community to find new ways for quantum computers to help develop new chemical processes, molecules, and, eventually someday, materials. The research is available to read via Microsofts blog.

This isnt the first promising quantum algorithm Digital Trends has covered this month. Recently we wrote about a quantum algorithm that could help revolutionize disease diagnosis. However, like all quantum algorithms, it is going to rely on quantum computers advancing sufficiently in order for researchers to be able to gain the most benefit from it. The hardware this will require is another topic Microsoft discusses in the research paper on this work.

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Microsofts plan to scrub carbon out of the atmosphere? Quantum computers - Yahoo! Voices

Many videos describing quantum computers try to distill and oversimplify everything. Thoughty's takes its time and gives more historical and theoretical context than most.

Because it does take a while to get into the subject, here's a shorter explainer by MIT:

Today's computers use bitsa stream of electrical or optical pulses representing1s or0s. Everything from your tweets and e-mails to your iTunes songs and YouTube videos are essentially long strings of these binary digits.

Quantum computers, on the other hand, usequbits, whichare typically subatomic particles such as electrons or photons. Generating and managing qubits is a scientific and engineering challenge. Some companies, such as IBM, Google, and Rigetti Computing, use superconducting circuits cooled to temperatures colder than deep space. Others, like IonQ, trap individual atoms in electromagnetic fields on a silicon chip in ultra-high-vacuum chambers. In both cases, the goal is to isolate the qubits in a controlled quantum state.

The processing power possible through these controlled qubits will make today's fastest computers look positively archaic.

Image: YouTube / Thoughty2

Intelligence is a surprisingly difficult thing to define. Kurzgesagt jumps into the debate with an interesting overview of where intelligence begins. Is a slime mold intelligent? Are plants intelligent?

Wildfires are a natural part of many ecosystems, though more and more are human-caused. Wendover Productions takes a look at how firefighters work to minimize the spread of wildfires in grueling and dangerous conditions.

Because of its ubiquity, the landscape is littered with proposed etymologies of the term OK. This nice explainer clarifies the murky origins of one of the most widely spoken words in the world.

If you ever dropped a quarter into a Space Invaders game, youve likely fantasized about having your own arcade cabinet in your house. Of course, you likely thought better of it for several reasons, including the idea that a giant cabinet dedicated to just one game isnt very practical. Polycade understands the urge though very, []

Most of us have a love-hate relationship with banks. Okay, its actually probably more like a tolerate-hate relationship. We understand their role in holding and securing our money so we dont have to stuff it in a mattress somewhere. But we dont trust the bank not to gouge us on fees whenever they can. And []

If youve ever worked on a video project or engineered a podcast and thought youd make your own sound effects howd that go for ya? We assume it was a bigger undertaking than youd probably bargained for. From using stalks of celery to replicate breaking tree limbs to frying bacon to reproduce the sound of []

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This simple explainer tackles the complexity of quantum computing - Boing Boing

This month, Insights & Outcomes will turn your head with spinning electrons, prolific plankton, and the biology of sex.

As always, you can find more science and medicine research news onYaleNews Science & TechnologyandHealth & Medicinepages.

The group of single-celled marine organisms known as planktic foraminifera are among the most prolific shell producers in the open ocean. They leave behind one of the most extensive fossil records on the planet, and they allow scientists to reconstruct Earths climate history. Yet little was known about their life history until now. A research team led by Yale paleontologistCatherine Davisgrew a generation of planktic foraminifera in the lab and documented the organisms full life cycle. The team confirmed the organisms apparent ability to reproduce both sexually and asexually, and found that the shells of cloned siblings grown together in the laboratory can look strikingly different from each other. These results have broad impacts on how foraminifera fit into food webs, how vanishingly small populations can rapidly respond to their environment, and perhaps even their long-lived success as a group, said Davis, a postdoctoral associate in the lab ofPincelli Hull, assistant professor in the Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences and co-author of the study.The study appears in Science Advances.

Since 2003, the lab of YalesMark Gersteinhas played a major role in an international effort to catalog data on the complex interactions between genes and the segments of DNA and RNA that regulate their functions. The latest findings of the ENCODE project were published July 29 in 30 papers, four spearheaded by Gersteins lab, in a variety of scientific journals.Jing ZhangandDonghoon Leefrom Gersteins lab have createda video illustrating sciences evolving understandingof the complex regulatory networks that can contribute to cancer and other diseases.The latest findings by the Gerstein lab and other major ENCODE contributors can be found on the Gerstein lab website.

YalesNina Stachenfeldbelieves that to understand disease, scientists must understand the biology of sex. So she is helping to launch a series of papers for publication in The FASEB Journal that explores the systemic role sex plays in human physiology. Stachenfeld, a fellow at the John B. Pierce Laboratory and professor of obstetrics, gynecology, and reproductive sciences, has enlisted contributions from half a dozen scientists to explore a variety of topics, including the role sex plays in addiction and the biology of high blood pressure in people of different races. The series,Sex as a Variable in Human Research: A Systems Approach,will appear over the next few months in The FASEB Journal.

A research result by Yale physicists lends credibility to an exotic proposal for safeguarding quantum information called topological quantum protection. Topological quantum protection is an alternative to Yales primary approach to fault tolerant quantum computing based on active error correction. Rather, it involves a theoretically proposed entity called a Majorana quasiparticle, which has not yet been directly observed. A team led byMichel Devoret, the F.W. Beinecke Professor of Applied Physics and Physics, has applied the tools of circuit quantum electrodynamics to achieve the continuous monitoring of a quasiparticles spin, a promising step toward detection of Majorana quasiparticles. The Yale team includesMax Hays,Valla Fatemi,Kyle Serniak, andSpencer Diamond. Thestudy appears in Nature Physics.

When pathogens or cancer cells develop resistance to drug treatment, researchers usually try to develop new drugs. But a new study by Yale researchers helps bolster a new strategy taking advantage of evolutionary processes to combat drug resistance through drug-sensitive pathogenic cells. The new approach, known as adaptive therapy, offers an alternative to prolonged and high-dose drug treatment for cancer or infections. Adaptive therapy calls for an intermittent series of lower dose treatments that kill fewer disease-causing cells but also decrease the chances that those cells develop resistance to the drugs. In other words, as long as a pathogen or cancer remains responsive to a drug, it may be wiser, in some instances, to manage a disease rather than trying to eradicate it at the expense of an elevated risk of drug resistance evolution, saidSergey Melnikov, lead author of the new study. It is based on his work in the lab of YalesDieter Soll, Sterling Professor of Molecular Biophysics and Biochemistry and professor of chemistry. In a laboratory experiment, Melnikov and Soll gave adaptive therapy a boost by adding the amino acid norvaline to the antibiotic tavaborole to combat drug-resistant E. coli. Norvaline impairs the ability of E. coli cells to produce cells resistant to tavaborole by hindering their ability to mutate, allowing antibiotic-sensitive cells to outcompete antibiotic-resistant ones. By integrating Darwinian principles of natural selection into therapeutic treatment of a disease,we can significantly prolong the effectiveness of drugs or give a second life for drugs that are currently abandoned due to rapid evolution of resistance, said Melnikov, now a group leader at Newcastle University.The study was published in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences.

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Insights & Outcomes: a new spin on quantum research, and the biology of sex - Yale News

International Business Machines Corp, the U.S. tech firm has announced its partnership with Japanese industry to promote advancements in the field of quantum computing thereby creating a strong synergy between the two nations in such sensitive and emerging field.

Reportedly, participants of this new group which comprise Hitachi Ltd. and Toshiba Corp. will secure cloud access to IBMs U.S. quantum computers. Moreover, IBM plans to facilitate the group with another quantum computer range IBM Q System One in Japan during the first half of next year.

For the record, the Quantum Innovation Initiative Consortium constitutes Toyota Motor Corp, chemical manufacturers and financial institutions and will be situated at University of Tokyo. It will aim to strengthen the quantum skill base of Japan and enable technological developments in the companies. Apparently, an agreement was signed last year between IBM and University of Tokyo to extend cooperation in the domain of quantum computing which stipulates superseding of present supercomputers by utilizing the properties of sub atomic particles.

Dario Gil, Director, IBM Research has stated that they have an intention to build a quantum industry which involves efforts on a large scale. He also adds that there is a need to recognize the significance of quantum computing as it is a sensitive and highly competitive technology.

Apparently, the partnership proceeds as competition prevails between China and the United States along with its allies to develop quantum technology which could lead to advancements in artificial intelligence, chemistry and material science.

IBM has stated last September that it would introduce a quantum computer in Germany and sign a partnership with an applied research institute there. Further, IBM aims at enhancing its quantum computer by doubling their power every year and hopes to see its system as an operation behind service powering corporations.

Quantum computers depend on superconductivity that can be procured only in temperatures close to absolute zero, making development of viable systems an intimidating technical challenge.

Source credits: https://nationalpost.com/pmn/news-pmn/ibm-partners-with-japanese-business-academia-in-quantum-computing

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Tech giant IBM partners with Japanese industry on quantum computing - ITResearchBrief.com

In a chapter of the Modern CTO podcast, Ripples CTO, David Schwartz, expressed concerns about the development of quantum computers. Ripples CTO believes this technology is a threat to the security of Bitcoin, XRP, and cryptocurrencies. This is primarily because the consensus algorithms behind cryptocurrencies rely on conventional cryptography, as Schwartz stated:

From the point of view of someone who is building systems based on conventional cryptography, quantum computing is a risk. We are not solving problems that need powerful computing like payments and liquidity the work that the computers do is not that incredibly complicated, but because it relies on conventional cryptography, very fast computers present a risk to the security model that we use inside the ledger.

Algorithms like SHA-2 and ECDSA (elliptic curve cryptography) are sort of esoteric things deep in the plumbing but if they were to fail, the whole system would collapse. The systems ability to say who owns Bitcoin or who owns XRP or whether or not a particular transaction is authorized would be compromised().

Ripples CTO said that Ripple is trying to prepare for the emergence of quantum computers. Therefore, they are determining when the algorithms mentioned will no longer be reliable. Ripples CTO estimates that in the next 8-10 years, quantum computers will begin to pose a threat, as Schwartz further stated:

I think we have at least eight years. I have very high confidence that its at least a decade before quantum computing presents a threat, but you never know when there could be a breakthrough. Im a cautious and concerned observer, I would say.

The other fear would be if some bad actor, some foreign government, secretly had quantum computing way ahead of whats known to the public. Depending on your threat model, you could also say what if the NSA has quantum computing. Are you worried about the NSA breaking your payment system?

Despite the above, Ripples CTO made an optimistic conclusion and stated that even if there is a malicious actor with this technology, he will not use it against the average person. Therefore, Schwartz believes that most users have nothing to worry about:

While some people might really be concerned it depends on your threat model, if youre just an average person or an average company, youre probably not going to be a victim of this lets say hypothetically some bad actor had quantum computing that was powerful enough to break things, theyre probably not going to go after you unless you are a target of that type of actor.

As soon as its clear that theres a problem, these systems will probably be frozen until they can be fixed or improved. So, most people dont have to worry about it.

Original post:

Ripple CTO: Quantum computers will be a threat to Bitcoin and XRP - Crypto News Flash

Scientists from the University of Virginia School of Medicine have built an algorithm that may shed crucial light on genetic diseases, as well as help physicians and medical experts to rapidly diagnose them. And it could be a game-changer once someone actually builds a computer powerful enough to run it, that is.

The algorithm in question is one that is designed to analyze genomic data. It can be used to determine whether a test sample comes from a person with a disease or a healthy control and to do this significantly faster than current conventional computers.

[Our] algorithm classifies a person as having a disease or not based on the occurrence of genetic variations in the persons genome, Stefan Bekiranov, associate professor at UVA, told Digital Trends. In principle, it could be applied to predict a patients genetic predisposition to disease as well.

Imagine, for instance, that a middle-aged patient with memory loss goes into a clinic. Their physician and family are worried about possible early-onset Alzheimers disease. The patient has blood drawn, and DNA and RNA are extracted and sequenced. Then they wait. And wait.

Today, this process could take weeks or even months before an answer is reached. But using the new algorithm developed by UVA researchers, the process which involves scanning enormous genomic, cellular databases to make the necessary predictions could be successfully completed in a matter of hours.

So whats the roadblock? After all, the great thing about todays over-the-air updates and constantly tweaked, cloud-based algorithms (Google alone rolls out some 500 to 600 changes to its search algorithm every year) is that they can be deployed rapidly. The problem with the UVA algorithm, however, is that it cant be called into action just yet because the computer thats optimally equipped to run it doesnt yet exist.

Thats because its an algorithm designed for a quantum computer: A class of next-generation supercomputers currently in their relative infancy. Unlike a classical computer, which encodes information as a series of ones and zeroes, quantum computer bits (called qubits) can be either a one, a zero, or both simultaneously. These qubits are composed of subatomic particles, which conform to the rules of quantum, instead of classical, mechanics.

The hope with quantum computers is that they will be able to carry out operations mind-bogglingly quickly. This is because their superposition property (in which quantum particles exist in multiple overlapping states at the same time) allows a quantum computers qubits to take multiple guesses at a time when solving problems. That is far superior to classical computings time-consuming, trial-and-error computations which can take just one guess at a time.

Sure, no one can run it right now, but the wait will be worth it when it finally arrives.

Because of their problem-solving speed, quantum computers could be highly significant for difficult challenges like cryptography and particle physics. In both of these cases, quantum computers promise to help solve enormous computational conundrums in a fraction of the time of their classical counterparts. But this work the first published quantum computer study funded by the National Institute of Mental Health and, possibly, the first using a universal quantum computer funded by the National Institutes of Health shows how quantum computers could also prove useful in fields like biochemistry and molecular genetics.

Our study serves as a marker that interest in quantum computing is expanding, even while its still in a nascent stage of development, Bekiranov said.

The UVA algorithm has been tested on IBMs quantum computers. The full algorithm in principle can be run on existing quantum computers. But the problem is that it can only run on a toy problem, not a real one with close to the complexity that would be required in the real world.

Bekiranov noted that there are a number of current roadblocks to the algorithm being used. For starters, the quantum logic gates (the basic quantum circuit that operates on a small number of qubits) do not perform the operations with perfect fidelity, resulting in errors in the measured results and even in the predictions. The number of qubits on even the most powerful quantum computer is also severely stunted at present. This limits the researchers to low genomic resolution. In addition, asking the quantum computer to perform too many gate operations causes the quantum state to decohere in the middle of computation, thereby destroying it.

Finally, Bekiranov said, and this is going to seem crazy, [but] it can take a complex set of gate operations just to input our data into the quantum computer. In fact, depending on the data, it can require so many gates to implement that it can negate the advantage of our quantum algorithm.

While that might seem disappointing, however, he noted that with sufficient steady progress and critical scientific breakthroughs along the way, a quantum computer able to run this properly could be here within a decade. Think of it like building an amazing app for an iPhone that wont ship until 2030. Sure, no one can run it right now, but the wait will be worth it when it finally arrives.

Just put groundbreaking genetic diagnosis tools down as one more reason to be excited about the coming quantum computing revolution.

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This algorithm could revolutionize disease diagnosis, but we cant use it yet - Digital Trends

Covestro considers itself to be on a clear course and well-positioned for the rest of the year following challenging first six months as a result of the coronavirus pandemic. At the virtual Annual General Meeting, broadcasted from the World Conference Center in Bonn, CEO Dr. Markus Steilemann confirmed the strategy pursued by the company: The development over the first six months and the economic outlook for the current year show that we still find ourselves in a macroeconomicly difficult situation. However, I am sure that we will steer Covestro through this successfully. We are pursuing a clear, far-sighted strategy that addresses current challenges, but most importanly will secure the companys long-term success.

For a more sustainable restart, Covestro has drawn on a new corporate vision to chart a clear course for the company. Over the long term, the company plans to align its entire production, its range of products and solutions as well as all areas to the circular concept. That means we aim to comprehensively establish the principle of circularity at our company, Steilemann said. Focus topics are alternative raw materials, innovative recycling, joint solutions and renewable energies.

On the path towards achieving a circular economy, Covestro will also be strengthening its innovative capabilities, for example in areas such as digital chemistry. Quantum computing can, for example, enable highly complex chemical reaction processes to be digitally simulated in the future, thus saving considerable time and resources. This would play a vital role in successfully driving the circular economy, Steilemann said. Quantum computing will enable us to take research and development to a completely new level also, and in particular, in regard to the pace at which we can develop innovations, Steilemann explained. The company has only recently announced a research partnership with Google in this area.

Steilemann again confirmed the guidance for the current fiscal year to the shareholders. Although Covestro has been observing a trend of sequential improvement since mid-May, 2020 nevertheless continues to be an exceptional year and the economic environment will remain uncertain in the second half of the year as well. Further developments depend largely on the course taken by the coronavirus pandemic, and this is not completely foreseeable. This makes it all the more important that our measures work and providepositive results already, Steilemann adds.

Since the beginning of the Corona crisis, Covestro had quickly and consistently taken measures to counter the effects on its business, setting clear priorities: Our top priority is to ensure the safety of our employees, business partners and customers. This is followed by maintaining production and supply chains. Equally important to us is to safeguard our strong liquidity position.

Early on, Covestro set the course for sustainably improving efficiency through the companys Perspective program. The company is now benefiting from this as well as from strengthening the short-term cost-saving measures approved at the beginning of this year. By 2020, the aim is to save a total of over EUR 430 million. In addition, the company has adjusted its investment plans and taken various financing measures in the first half of the year, including a new revolving credit facility, short-term working capital facilities, a loan from the European Investment Bank and the issuance of Eurobonds.

To further strengthen Covestros liquidity position in the current exceptional economic environment, the company decided in spring to propose a dividend of EUR 1.20 per share to the Annual General Meeting instead of the originally planned EUR 2.40 per share. This would equal a payout ratio of 40 percent and a new peak in relative terms.

CFO Dr. Thomas Toepfer at the Annual General Meeting: Our policy is to pay out an increased or at least a stable dividend to our shareholders. That was also our intention this year. We will, however, deviate from that policy in 2020 due to the enormous impact of the coronavirus pandemic. I am convinced we have made a balanced decision with this proposed dividend. We are taking the interests of our shareholders into account while at the same time securing our robust liquidity position and credit rating.

Covestro is broadcasting the complete virtual Annual General Meeting, including the Board of Management presentations and the Q&A, live via Webcast athttps://edge.media-server.com/mmc/p/w6xzo9wa/lan/enstarting at 10 a.m. CET. Speeches by the Board of Management can also be followed live via LinkedIn, YouTube, Twitter and Facebook. The manuscripts of the speeches by Dr. Markus Steilemann and Dr. Thomas Toepfer are available online athttps://www.covestro.com/en/investors. The voting results will also be provided there after the Annual General Meeting.

SOURCE: Covestro

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We are pursuing a clear, far-sighted strategy to ensure Covestro's long-term success - Automotive World

Keio University, Toshiba, Hitachi, Mizuho, MUFG, JSR, DIC, Toyota, Mitsubishi Chemicals and IBM to expand the country-wide quantum computing research, development and education ecosystem

IBM and theUniversity of Tokyounveiled a landmark collaboration with the launch of the Quantum Innovation Initiative Consortium (QIIC). Expanding from theDecember 2019JapanIBM Quantum Partnership initiative, QIIC, aims to accelerate the collaboration between industry, academia, and government to advanceJapansleadership in quantum science, business, and education.

QIICs main goal is to strategically accelerate quantum computing R&D activities inJapanby bringing together academic talent from across the countrys universities and prominent research associations and large-scale industry. The consortium plans to further develop technology for quantum computing inJapanand build an ecosystem to improve student skills and expertise, opening doors to future scientific discoveries and practical quantum applications.

Headquartered at theUniversity of Tokyo, member organizations of QIIC will collaborate to engage students, faculty, and industry researchers with seminars, workshops, and events to foster new quantum business opportunities inJapan. Organizations in agreement to join the consortiumincludeKeio University, Toshiba, Hitachi, Mizuho,MUFG, JSR, DIC, Toyota, Mitsubishi Chemicals and IBM Japan.

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These organizations in consortium will also be part of the IBM Q Network the worlds first community of Fortune 500 companies, startups, academic institutions and research labs to advance quantum computing and the development of practical applications for it. As part of the network, they will have access to IBMs expertise and resources, and cloud development environment, as well as cloud-based access to the IBM Quantum Computation Center, which includes IBMs most-advanced quantum computers.

In addition to cloud-based access to the IBMs fleet of quantum systems, the QIIC will also have access to an IBM Q System One, a dedicated system planned for installation inJapanin 2021. The first of its kind in the region, and only the second such installation outside of the US, this system along with a separate testbed system to be part of a system technology development lab will support the consortiums goals of next-generation quantum hardware research and development, including cryogenic components, room temperature electronics, and micro-signal generators.

According to ProfessorMakoto Gonokami, President of theUniversity of Tokyo:

Society 5.0is the concept of a better future with inclusive, sustainable and a knowledge-intensive society where information and services create value underpinned by digital innovation. The key to realizing this society is to utilize real data in real-time. In order to achieve this, it is necessary to protect and nurture the global environment, an entity of physical space and cyberspace as one, by taking it as a global commons (a concept that encompasses global resources and the ecosystems) which is sustainable and reliable, while the fusion of physical space and cyberspace progresses.

Quantum technology and quantum computers are indispensable technologies to make that happen. I believe thatJapanwill play an important role in implementing quantum computing technology to society ahead of rest of the world, and that industry-academia-government collaboration is necessary for this. The QIIC will accelerate quantum technology research and its implementation to the Society 5.0 while firmlysharing each others wisdom and promoting the close sharing of information.

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Today, I am extremely excited and proud to launch this new consortium that will help foster economic growth and quantum technology leadership in Japan.The QIIC will greatly advanceJapansentire quantum computing ecosystem, bringing experts from industry, government and academia together to collaborate on researchand development, saidDario Gil, Director of IBM Research. Quantum computing has the potential totackle some of the worlds greatest challengesin the future.We expect that it will helpusaccelerate scientific discovery so that we candevelop vaccinesmore quickly and accurately,create new materials toaddressclimate changeor design better energy storage technologies. The potential is massive,andwe will only reach this future if we work together uniting the best minds from the public and private sectors. Universities, businesses and governments have to collaborate so that we can unleash the full potential of quantum computing.

QIICs members are forging a path forJapansdiscovery of practical quantum applications for the benefit of society. The cooperation between industry, academia, and government aims to create a new community for quantum computation research and use cases.

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IBM and the University of Tokyo Unveil the Quantum Innovation Initiative - AiThority

Roger Grimes

An age of unbelievably fast quantum computers is only a stones throw away, promising machines that will forever transform the way we solve problems, communicate and compute.

However, such powerful machines in the wrong hands could spell major trouble for the cyber security community, as many experts fear that quantum computers could also effectively break even the strongest encryption we have today.

So when can we expect to see these quantum machines in action? Theres a chance that it has already happened, by either the US NSA (National Security Agency) or China, but we dont publicly know about it yet," says Roger Grimes, Data-Driven Defence evangelist at KnowBe4, who will be speaking on Quantum reckoning: The coming day when quantum computers break cryptography at ITWeb Security Summit 2020, to be held as a virtual event from 25 to 28 August this year.

According to Grimes, if it hasnt happened already, many people believe it will happen within the next two years.

Speaking of how this quantum reckoning could impact information security, Grimes says any secret protected by traditional asymmetric ciphers will no longer be protected. This includes RSA, Diffie-Hellman, Elliptic Curve Cryptography which is used in HTTPS, TLS, WiFi, FIDO keys, PKI, digital certificates, digital signatures and banking networks. Essentially, it would impact about 95% of our digital world.

Its not all bad news, though. He says along with the dangers, quantum computing will bring us many wonderful inventions we cannot even begin to imagine right now, much as the Internet did, but on an even greater scale.

There is a glimmer of hope in that post-quantum cryptography, or cryptographic algorithms that are believed to be secure against an attack by a quantum computer, might save the day.

Grimes says its a race, but that dozens of good quantum-resistant cryptography standards are being tested right now and there are likely to be some good standards in place by the time the quantum reckoning becomes public and widespread.

But once the new cryptography standards are in place, how long will it take every person and company and the world to switch over to the new quantum-resistant standards? That is the real problem, he adds.

Delegates attending Grimes talk will learn exactly what it is they need to start doing now in order to prepare for the quantum reckoning.

Excerpt from:

Quantum reckoning: The day when computers will break cryptography - ITWeb

TOKYO,July 30, 2020 IBM and theUniversity of Tokyounveiled a landmark collaboration with the launch of the Quantum Innovation Initiative Consortium (QIIC). Expanding from theDecember 2019JapanIBM Quantum Partnership initiative, QIIC, aims to accelerate the collaboration between industry, academia, and government to advanceJapansleadership in quantum science, business, and education.

QIICs main goal is to strategically accelerate quantum computing R&D activities inJapanby bringing together academic talent from across the countrys universities and prominent research associations and large-scale industry. The consortium plans to further develop technology for quantum computing inJapanand build an ecosystem to improve student skills and expertise, opening doors to future scientific discoveries and practical quantum applications.

Headquartered at theUniversity of Tokyo, member organizations of QIIC will collaborate to engage students, faculty, and industry researchers with seminars, workshops, and events to foster new quantum business opportunities inJapan. Organizations in agreement to join the consortiumincludeKeio University, Toshiba, Hitachi, Mizuho,MUFG, JSR, DIC, Toyota, Mitsubishi Chemicals and IBM Japan.

These organizations in consortium will also be part of the IBM Q Network the worlds first community of Fortune 500 companies, startups, academic institutions and research labs to advance quantum computing and the development of practical applications for it. As part of the network, they will have access to IBMs expertise and resources, and cloud development environment, as well as cloud-based access to the IBM Quantum Computation Center, which includes IBMs most-advanced quantum computers.

In addition to cloud-based access to the IBMs fleet of quantum systems, the QIIC will also have access to an IBM Q System One, a dedicated system planned for installation inJapanin 2021. The first of its kind in the region, and only the second such installation outside of the US, this system along with a separate testbed system to be part of a system technology development lab will support the consortiums goals of next-generation quantum hardware research and development, including cryogenic components, room temperature electronics, and micro-signal generators.

According to ProfessorMakoto Gonokami, President of theUniversity of Tokyo:

Society 5.0is the concept of a better future with inclusive, sustainable and a knowledge-intensive society where information and services create value underpinned by digital innovation. The key to realizing this society is to utilize real data in real-time. In order to achieve this, it is necessary to protect and nurture the global environment, an entity of physical space and cyberspace as one, by taking it as a global commons (a concept that encompasses global resources and the ecosystems) which is sustainable and reliable, while the fusion of physical space and cyberspace progresses.

Quantum technology and quantum computers are indispensable technologies to make that happen. I believe thatJapanwill play an important role in implementing quantum computing technology to society ahead of rest of the world, and that industry-academia-government collaboration is necessary for this. The QIIC will accelerate quantum technology research and its implementation to the Society 5.0 while firmlysharing each others wisdom and promoting the close sharing of information.

Today, I am extremely excited and proud to launch this new consortium that will help foster economic growth and quantum technology leadership in Japan.The QIIC will greatly advanceJapansentire quantum computing ecosystem, bringing experts from industry, government and academia together to collaborate on researchand development, saidDario Gil, Director of IBM Research. Quantum computing has the potential totackle some of the worlds greatest challengesin the future.We expect that it will helpusaccelerate scientific discovery so that we candevelop vaccinesmore quickly and accurately,create new materials toaddressclimate changeor design better energy storage technologies. The potential is massive,andwe will only reach this future if we work together uniting the best minds from the public and private sectors. Universities, businesses and governments have to collaborate so that we can unleash the full potential of quantum computing.

QIICs members are forging a path forJapansdiscovery of practical quantum applications for the benefit of society. The cooperation between industry, academia, and government aims to create a new community for quantum computation research and use cases.

About IBM Quantum

IBM Quantum is an industry-first initiative to build quantum systems for business and science applications. For more information about IBMs quantum computing efforts, please visitwww.ibm.com/ibmq.

For more information about the IBM Q Network, as well as a full list of all partners, members, and hubs, visithttps://www.research.ibm.com/ibm-q/network/

About TheUniversity of Tokyo

TheUniversity of Tokyowas established in 1877 as the first national university inJapan. As a leading research university, theUniversity of Tokyois conducting academic research in almost all fields at both undergraduate and graduate schools. The University aims to provide its students with a rich and varied academic environment that ensures opportunities for acquiring both academic and professional knowledge and skills.

Source: IBM

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IBM, University of Tokyo Launch the Quantum Innovation Initiative Consortium - HPCwire

Quantum computing is at an interesting point. Its at the cusp of being mature enough to solve real problems. But like in the early days of personal computers, there are lots of different companies trying different approaches to solving the fundamental physics problems that underly the technology, all while another set of startups is looking ahead and thinking about how to integrate these machines with classical computers and how to write software for them.

At Disrupt 2020 on September 14-18, we will have a panel with D-Wave CEO Alan Baratz, Quantum Machines co-founder and CEO Itamar Sivan and IonQ president and CEO Peter Chapman. The leaders of these three companies are all approaching quantum computing from different angles, yet all with the same goal of making this novel technology mainstream.

D-Wave may just be the best-known quantum computing company thanks to an early start and smart marketing in its early days. Alan Baratz took over as CEO earlier this year after a few years as chief product officer and executive VP of R&D at the company. Under Baratz, D-Wave has continued to build out its technology and especially its D-Wave quantum cloud service. Leap 2, the latest version of its efforts, launched earlier this year. D-Waves technology is also very different from that of many other efforts thanks to its focus on quantum annealing. That drew a lot of skepticism in its early days, but its now a proven technology and the company is now advancing both its hardware and software platform.

Like Baratz, IonQs Peter Chapman isnt a founder either. Instead, he was the engineering director for Amazon Prime before joining IonQ in 2019. Under his leadership, the company raised a $55 million funding round in late 2019, which the company extended by another $7 million last month. He is also continuing IonQs bet on its trapped ion technology, which makes it relatively easy to create qubits and which, the company argues, allows it to focus its efforts on controlling them. This approach also has the advantage that IonQs machines are able to run at room temperature, while many of its competitors have to cool their machines to as close to zero Kelvin as possible, which is an engineering challenge in itself, especially as these companies aim to miniaturize their quantum processors.

Quantum Machines plays in a slightly different part of the ecosystem from D-Wave and IonQ. The company, which recently raised $17.5 million in a Series A round, is building a quantum orchestration platform that combines novel custom hardware for controlling quantum processors because once quantum machines reach a bit more maturity, a standard PC wont be fast enough to control them with a matching software platform and its own QUA language for programming quantum algorithms. Quantum Machines is Itamar Sivans first startup, which he launched with his co-founders after getting his Ph.D. in condensed matter and material physics at the Weizmann Institute of Science.

Come to Disrupt 2020 and hear from these companies and others on September 14-18. Get a front-row seat with your Digital Pro Pass for just $245 or with a Digital Startup Alley Exhibitor Package for $445. Prices are increasing next week, so grab yours today to save up to $300.

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Hear how three startups are approaching quantum computing differently at TC Disrupt 2020 - TechCrunch

This stunning image captured last year by physicists at the University of Glasgow in Scotland is the first-ever photo of quantum entanglement - a phenomenon so strange, physicist Albert Einstein famously described it as 'spooky action at a distance'.

It might not look like much, but just stop and think about it for a second: this fuzzy grey image was the first time we'd seen the particle interaction that underpins the strange science of quantum mechanics and forms the basis of quantum computing.

Quantum entanglement occurs when two particles become inextricably linked, and whatever happens to one immediately affects the other, regardless of how far apart they are. Hence the 'spooky action at a distance' description.

This particular photo shows entanglement between two photons - two light particles. They're interacting and - for a brief moment - sharing physical states.

Paul-Antoine Moreau, first author of the paper wherein the image was unveiled back in July 2019, told the BBC the image was "an elegant demonstration of a fundamental property of nature".

To capture the incredible photo, Moreau and a team of physicists created a system that blasted out streams of entangled photons at what they described as 'non-conventional objects'.

The experiment actually involved capturing four images of the photons under four different phase transitions. You can see the full image below:

(Moreau et al., Science Advances, 2019)

What you're looking at here is actually a composite of multiple images of the photons as they go through a series of four phase transitions.

The physicists split the entangled photons up and ran one beam through a liquid crystal material known as -barium borate, triggering four phase transitions.

At the same time they captured photos of the entangled pair going through the same phase transitions, even though it hadn't passed through the liquid crystal.

You can see the setup below: The entangled beam of photons comes from the bottom left, one half of the entangled pair splits to the left and passes through the four phase filters. The others that go straight ahead didn't go through the filters, but underwent the same phase changes.

(Moreau et al., Science Advances, 2019)

The camera was able to capture images of these at the same time, showing that they'd both shifted the same way despite being split. In other words, they were entangled.

While Einstein made quantum entanglement famous, the late physicist John Stewart Bell helped define quantum entanglement and established a test known as 'Bell inequality'. Basically, if you can break Bell inequality, you can confirm true quantum entanglement.

"Here, we report an experiment demonstrating the violation of a Bell inequality within observed images," the team wrote in Science Advances.

"This result both opens the way to new quantum imaging schemes ... and suggests promise for quantum information schemes based on spatial variables."

The research was published in Science Advances.

A version of this article was first published in July 2019.

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Looking Back on The First-Ever Photo of Quantum Entanglement - ScienceAlert

Ripple CTO David Schwartz says quantum computing poses a serious threat to the future of cryptocurrency.

On the Modern CTO Podcast, Schwartz says quantum computing will break the cryptographic algorithms that keep cryptocurrencies like Bitcoin (BTC) and XRP as well as the internet at large secure.

From the point of view of someone who is building systems based on conventional cryptography, quantum computing is a risk. We are not solving problems that need powerful computing like payments and liquidity the work that the computers do is not that incredibly complicated, but because it relies on conventional cryptography, very fast computers present a risk to the security model that we use inside the ledger.

Algorithms like SHA-2 and ECDSA (elliptic curve cryptography) are sort of esoteric things deep in the plumbing but if they were to fail, the whole system would collapse. The systems ability to say who owns Bitcoin or who owns XRP or whether or not a particular transaction is authorized would be compromised

A lot of people in the blockchain space watch quantum computing very carefully and what were trying to do is have an assessment of how long before these algorithms are no longer reliable.

Schwartz says he thinks developers have at least eight years until the technology, which leverages the properties of quantum physics to perform fast calculations, becomes sophisticated enough to crack cryptocurrency.

I think we have at least eight years. I have very high confidence that its at least a decade before quantum computing presents a threat, but you never know when there could be a breakthrough. Im a cautious and concerned observer, I would say.

Schwartz says crypto coders should closely follow the latest public developments in quantum computing, but hes also concerned about private efforts from the government.

The other fear would be if some bad actor, some foreign government, secretly had quantum computing way ahead of whats known to the public. Depending on your threat model, you could also say what if the NSA has quantum computing. Are you worried about the NSA breaking your payment system?

While some people might realistically be concerned it depends on your threat model, if youre just an average person or an average company, youre probably not going to be a victim of this lets say hypothetically some bad actor had quantum computing that was powerful enough to break things, theyre probably not going to go after you unless you are a target of that type of actor. As soon as its clear that theres a problem, these systems will probably be frozen until they can be fixed or improved. So, most people dont have to worry about it.

Featured Image: Shutterstock/Elena11

Originally posted here:

Ripple Executive Says Quantum Computing Will Threaten Bitcoin, XRP and Crypto Markets Heres When - The Daily Hodl

This report focuses on the global Quantum Computing Technologies status, future forecast, growth opportunity, key market and key players. The study objectives are to present the Quantum Computing Technologies development in North America, Europe, China, Japan, Southeast Asia, India and Central & South America.

Access the PDF sample of the report @https://www.orbisresearch.com/contacts/request-sample/4571360

The key players covered in this studyAirbus GroupCambridge Quantum ComputingIBMGoogle Quantum AI LabMicrosoft Quantum ArchitecturesNokia Bell LabsAlibaba Group Holding LimitedIntel CorporationToshiba

Market segment by Type, the product can be split intoSoftwareHardware

Make an enquiry of this report @https://www.orbisresearch.com/contacts/enquiry-before-buying/4571360

Market segment by Application, split intoGovernmentBusinessHigh-TechBanking & SecuritiesManufacturing & LogisticsInsuranceOther

Market segment by Regions/Countries, this report coversNorth AmericaEuropeChinaJapanSoutheast AsiaIndiaCentral & South America

Browse the complete report @https://www.orbisresearch.com/reports/index/global-quantum-computing-technologies-market-size-status-and-forecast-2020-2026

The study objectives of this report are:To analyze global Quantum Computing Technologies status, future forecast, growth opportunity, key market and key players.To present the Quantum Computing Technologies development in North America, Europe, China, Japan, Southeast Asia, India and Central & South America.To strategically profile the key players and comprehensively analyze their development plan and strategies.To define, describe and forecast the market by type, market and key regions.

In this study, the years considered to estimate the market size of Quantum Computing Technologies are as follows:History Year: 2015-2019Base Year: 2019Estimated Year: 2020Forecast Year 2020 to 2026For the data information by region, company, type and application, 2019 is considered as the base year. Whenever data information was unavailable for the base year, the prior year has been considered.

Table of Contents

Chapter One: Report Overview

1.1 Study Scope

1.2 Key Market Segments

1.3 Players Covered: Ranking by Quantum Computing Technologies Revenue

1.4 Market Analysis by Type

1.4.1 Global Quantum Computing Technologies Market Size Growth Rate by Type: 2020 VS 2026

1.4.2 Software

1.4.3 Hardware

1.5 Market by Application

1.5.1 Global Quantum Computing Technologies Market Share by Application: 2020 VS 2026

1.5.2 Government

1.5.3 Business

1.5.4 High-Tech

1.5.5 Banking & Securities

1.5.6 Manufacturing & Logistics

1.5.7 Insurance

1.5.8 Other

1.6 Study Objectives

1.7 Years Considered

Chapter Two: Global Growth Trends by Regions

2.1 Quantum Computing Technologies Market Perspective (2015-2026)

2.2 Quantum Computing Technologies Growth Trends by Regions

2.2.1 Quantum Computing Technologies Market Size by Regions: 2015 VS 2020 VS 2026

2.2.2 Quantum Computing Technologies Historic Market Share by Regions (2015-2020)

2.2.3 Quantum Computing Technologies Forecasted Market Size by Regions (2021-2026)

2.3 Industry Trends and Growth Strategy

2.3.1 Market Top Trends

2.3.2 Market Drivers

2.3.3 Market Challenges

2.3.4 Porters Five Forces Analysis

2.3.5 Quantum Computing Technologies Market Growth Strategy

2.3.6 Primary Interviews with Key Quantu

Continued.

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Quantum Computing Technologies Market 2020 Top Trend, Size and Growth, Key Insights, Segmentation, Key Regions And Future Forecast Till 2026 - Owned

Dr. Michael M. Resch of the University of Stuttgart has professorships, degrees, doctorates and honorary doctorates from around the world, he has studied and taught in Europe and the U.S., but for all the work he has done in supercomputing for the past three-plus decades, he boils down his years in HPC to working with the same, if always improving, von Neumann architecture. Hes eager for the next new thing: quantum. Going to quantum computing, we have to throw away everything and we have to start anew, he says. This is a great time.

In This Update. From The HPC User Forum Steering Committee

By Steve Conway and Thomas Gerard

After the global pandemic forced Hyperion Research to cancel the April 2020 HPC User Forum planned for Princeton, New Jersey, we decided to reach out to the HPC community in another way by publishing a series of interviews with members of the HPC User Forum Steering Committee. Our hope is that these seasoned leaders perspectives on HPCs past, present and future will be interesting and beneficial to others. To conduct the interviews, Hyperion Research engaged insideHPC Media.

We welcome comments and questions addressed to Steve Conway, sconway@hyperionres.com or Earl Joseph, ejoseph@hyperionres.com.

This interview is with Michael M. Resch. Prof. Dr. Dr. h.c. mult. He is dean of the faculty for energy-process and biotechnology of the University of Stuttgart, director of the High Performance Computing Center Stuttgart (HLRS), the Department for High Performance Computing, and the Information Center (IZUS), all at the University of Stuttgart, Germany. He was an invited plenary speaker at SC07. He chairs the board of the German Gauss Center for Supercomputing (GCS) and serves on the advisory councils for Triangle Venture Capital Group and several foundations. He is on the advisory board of the Paderborn Center for Parallel Computing (PC2). He holds a degree in technical mathematics from the Technical University of Graz, Austria and a Ph.D. in engineering from the University of Stuttgart. He was an assistant professor of computer science at the University of Houston and was awarded honorary doctorates by the National Technical University of Donezk (Ukraine) and the Russian Academy of Science.

He was interviewed by Dan Olds, HPC and big data consultant at Orionx.net.

The HPC User Forum was established in 1999 to promote the health of the global HPC industry and address issues of common concern to users. More than 75 HPC User Forum meetings have been held in the Americas, Europe and the Asia-Pacific region since the organizations founding in 2000.

Olds: Hello, Im Dan Olds on behalf of Hyperion Research and insideHPC, and today Im talking to Michael Resch, who is an honorable professor at the HPC Center in Stuttgart, Germany. How are you, Michael?

Resch: I am fine, Dan. Thanks.

Olds: Very nice to talk to you. I guess lets start at the beginning. How did you get involved in HPC in the first place?

Resch: That started when I was a math student and I was invited to work as a student research assistant and, by accident, that was roughly the month when a new supercomputer was coming into the Technical University of Graz. So, I put my hands on that machine and I never went away again.

Olds: You sort of made that machine yours, I guess?

Resch: We were only three users. There were three user groups and I was the most important user of my user group because I did all the programming.

Olds: Fantastic, thats a way to make yourself indispensable, isnt it?

Resch: In a sense.

Olds: So, can you kind of summarize your HPC background over the years?

Resch: I started doing blood flow simulations, so I at first looked into this very traditional Navier-Stokes equation that was driving HPC for a long time. Then I moved on to groundwater flow simulations pollution of groundwater, tunnel construction work, and everything until after like five years I moved to the University of Stuttgart, where I started to work with supercomputers, more focusing on the programming side, the performance side, than on the hardware side. This is sort of my background in terms of experience.

In terms of education, I studied a mixture of mathematics, computer science and economics, and then did a Ph.D. in engineering, which was convenient if youre working in Navier-Stokes equations. So, I try to bring all of these things together to make an impact in HPC.

Olds: What are some of the biggest changes youve seen in HPC over your career?

Resch: Well, the biggest change is probably that when I started, as I said, there were three user groups. These were outstanding experts in their field, but supercomputing was nothing for the rest of the university. Today, everybody is using HPC. Thats probably the biggest change, that we are moving from something where you had one big system and a few experts around that system, and you moved to a larger number of systems and tens of thousands of experts working with them.

Olds: And, so, the systems have to get bigger, of course.

Resch: Well, certainly, they have to get bigger. And they have to get, I would say, more usable. Thats another feature, that now things are more hidden from the user, which makes it easier to use them. But at the same time, it takes away some of the performance. There is this combination of hiding things away from the user and then the massive parallelism that we saw, and thats the second most important thing that I think we saw in the last three decades. That has made it much more difficult to get high sustained performance.

Olds: Where do you see HPC headed in the future? Is there anything that has you particularly excited or concerned?

Resch: [Laughs] Im always excited and concerned. Thats just normal. Thats what happens when you go into science and thats normal when you work with supercomputers. I see, basically, two things happening. The first thing is that people will merge everything that has to do with data and everything that has to do with simulation. I keep saying its data analytics, machine learning, artificial intelligence. Its sort of a development from raw data to very intelligent handling of data. And these data-intensive things start to merge with simulation, like we see people trying to understand what they did over the last 20 years by employing artificial intelligence to work its way through the data trying to find what we have already done and what should we do next, things like that.

The second thing that is exciting is quantum computing. Its exciting because its out of the ordinary, in a sense. You might say that over the last 32 years the only thing I did was work with improved technology and improved methods and improved algorithms or whatever, but I was still working in the same John von Neumann architecture concept. Going to quantum computing we have to throw away everything and we have to start anew. This is a great time. I keep telling my Ph.D. candidates, go for quantum computing. This is where you make an impact. This is where you have a wide-open field of things you can explore and this is what is going to make the job exciting for the next 10, 12, 15 years or so.

Olds: Thats fantastic and your enthusiasm for this really comes through. Your enthusiasm for HPC, for the new computing methods, and all that. And, thank you so much for taking the time.

Resch: It was a pleasure. Thank you.

Olds: Thank you, really appreciate it.

View original post here:

The Hyperion-insideHPC Interviews: Dr. Michael Resch Talks about the Leap from von Neumann: 'I Tell My PhD Candidates: Go for Quantum' - insideHPC

While few details accompanied last weeks official announcement of U.S. plans for a nation-wide quantum internet, many of the priorities and milestones had been worked out during a February workshop and are now available in subsequent reports. The Department of Energy is leading the effort which is part of the U.S. Quantum Initiative passed in 2019.

The race to harness quantum information science whether through computing, communications, or sensing has become a global competition. In many ways quantum communications is the furthest along in development and its promise of near absolute security is extremely alluring. DOEs 17 National Laboratories are intended to serve as the backbone of the U.S. quantum internet effort.

As noted in the official announcement, Crucial steps toward building such an internet are already underway in the Chicago region, which has become one of the leading global hubs for quantum research. In February of this year, scientists from DOEs Argonne National Laboratory in Lemont, Illinois, and the University of Chicagoentangled photons across a 52-milequantumloop in the Chicago suburbs, successfully establishing one of the longest land-based quantum networks in the nation. That network will soon be connected to DOEs Fermilab in Batavia, Illinois, establishing a three-node, 80-mile testbed.

Turning early prototypes into a scaled-up nationwide effort involves tackling many technical challenges. One thorny problem, for example, is development of robust repeater technology, which among other things requires reliable quantum memory technology and prevention of signal loss. Interestingly, satellites may play a role as a bridge according to the report:

A quantum Internet will not exist in isolation apart from the current classical digital networks. Quantum information largely is encoded in photons and transmitted over optical fiber infrastructure that is used widely by todays classical networks. Thus, at a fundamental level, both are supported by optical fiber that implements lightwave channels. Unlike digital information encoded and transmitted over current fiber networks, quantum information cannot be amplified with traditional mechanisms as the states will be modified if measured.

While quantum networks are expected to use the optical fiber infrastructure, it could be that special fibers may enable broader deployment of this technology. At least in the near term, satellite-based entanglement bridges could be used to directly connect transcontinental and transatlantic Q-LANs. Preliminary estimates indicate that entangled pairs could be shared at rates exceeding 106 in a single pass of a Medium Earth Orbit (MEO) satellite. Such a capability may be a crucial intermediate step, while efficient robust repeaters are developed (as some estimates predict more than 100 repeaters would be needed to establish a transatlantic link).

The report from the workshop spells out four priorities along with five milestones. (The event was chaired by Kerstin Kleese van Dam, Brookhaven National Laboratory; Inder Monga, Energy Sciences Network; Nicholas Peters, Oak Ridge National Laboratory; and Thomas Schenkel, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory).

Here are the four priorities identified in the report:

Some of the test cases being discussed are fascinating such as one across Long Island, NY:

For example, there would be considerable value in expanding on the current results gleaned from the Brookhaven LabSBUESnet collaboration, which in April 2019 achieved the longest distance entanglement distribution experiment in the United States by covering approximately 20 km. Integral to the testbed are room-temperature quantum network prototypes, developed by SBUs Quantum Information Technology (QIT) laboratory, that connect several quantum memories and qubit sources. The combination of these important results allowed the BrookhavenSBU ESnet team to design and implement a quantum network prototype that connects several locations at Brookhaven Lab and SBU.

By using quantum memories to enhance the swapping of the polarization entanglement of flying photon pairs, the implementation aims to distribute entanglement over long distances without detrimental losses. The team has established a quantum network on Long Island, N.Y., using ESnets and Crown Castle fiber infrastructure, which encompasses approximately 120-km fiber length connecting Brookhaven Lab, SBU, and Center of Excellence in Wireless and Information Technology (CEWIT) at SBU campus locations.

As a next step, the team plans to connect this existing quantum network with the Manhattan Landing (MAN- LAN) in New York City, a high-performance exchange point where several major networks converge. This work would set the stage for a nationwide quantum-protected information exchange network. Figure 3:3 depicts the planned network configuration.

Here are milestones called out in the report:

A fifth broad milestone the Cross-cutting milestone: Build a Multi-institutional Ecosystem emphasizes the importance of federal agency cooperation and coordination and names DOE, NSF, NIST, DoD, NSA, and NASA as key players. While pursuing these alliances, critical opportunities for new directions and spin-off applications should be encouraged by robust cooperation with quantum communication startups and large optical communications companies. Early adopters can deliver valuable design metrics.

Its a clearly ambitious agenda. Stay tuned.

Link to announcement, https://www.hpcwire.com/off-the-wire/doe-unveils-blueprint-for-the-quantum-internet-in-event-at-university-of-chicago/

Link to slide deck, https://science.osti.gov/-/media/ascr/ascac/pdf/meetings/202004/Quantum_Internet_Blueprint_Update.pdf?la=en&hash=8C076C1BEB7CA49A3920B1A3C15AA531B48BDD72

Link to full report, https://www.energy.gov/sites/prod/files/2020/07/f76/QuantumWkshpRpt20FINAL_Nav_0.pdf

Read this article:

What's Needed to Deliver the Nationwide Quantum Internet Blueprint - HPCwire

In July of 1945, in an America just beginning to establish a postwar identity, former MIT vice president Vannevar Bush set forth a vision that guided the country to decades of scientific dominance and economic prosperity. Bushs report to the president of the United States, Science: The Endless Frontier, called on the government to support basic research in university labs. Its ideas, including the creation of the National Science Foundation (NSF), are credited with helping to make U.S. scientific and technological innovation the envy of the world.

Today, Americas lead in science and technology is being challenged as never before, write MIT President L. Rafael Reif and Indiana University President Michael A. McRobbie in an op-ed published today by The Chicago Tribune. They describe a triple challenge of bolder foreign competitors, faster technological change, and a merciless race to get from lab to market.

The governments decision to adopt Bushs ideas was bold and controversial at the time, and similarly bold action is needed now, they write.

The U.S. has the fundamental building blocks for success, including many of the worlds top research universities that are at the forefront of the fight against COVID-19, reads the op-ed. But without a major, sustained funding commitment, a focus on key technologies and a faster system for transforming discoveries into new businesses, products and quality jobs, in todays arena, America will not prevail.

McRobbie and Reif believe a bipartisan bill recently introduced in both chambers of Congress can help Americas innovation ecosystem meet the challenges of the day. Named the Endless Frontier Act, the bill would support research focused on advancing key technologies like artificial intelligence and quantum computing. It does not seek to alter or replace the NSF, but to create new strength in parallel, they write.

The bill would also create scholarships, fellowships, and other forms of assistance to help build an American workforce ready to develop and deploy the latest technologies. And, it would facilitate experiments to help commercialize new ideas more quickly.

Todays leaders have the opportunity to display the far-sighted vision their predecessors showed after World War II to expand and shape of our institutions, and to make the investments to adapt to a changing world, Reif and McRobbie write.

Both university presidents acknowledge that measures such as the Endless Frontier Act require audacious choices. But if leaders take the right steps now, they write, those choices will seem, in retrospect, obvious and wise.

Now as then, our national prosperity hinges on the next generation of technical triumphs, Reif and Mcrobbie write. Now as then, that success is not inevitable, and it will not come by chance. But with focused funding and imaginative policy, we believe it remains in reach.

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Commentary: America must invest in its ability to innovate - MIT News

QY Research has Published Latest Trending Report on Global Quantum Computing Market

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Global Quantum Computing Market is estimated to reach xxx million USD in 2020 and projected to grow at the CAGR of xx% during 2020-2026. According to the latest report added to the online repository of QY Research the Quantum Computing market has witnessed an unprecedented growth till 2020. The extrapolated future growth is expected to continue at higher rates by 2025.

Top Players of Quantum Computing Market are Studied: In 2020, the global Quantum Computing market size will be US$ 140.25 million and it is expected to reach US$ 1061.89 million by the end of 2026, with a CAGR of 40.13% during 2020-2026. This report focuses on the global Quantum Computing status, future forecast, growth opportunity, key market and key players. The study objectives are to present the Quantum Computing development in North America, Europe, Japan, China, etc. By Company D-Wave Solutions IBM Google Microsoft Rigetti Computing Intel Origin Quantum Computing Technology Anyon Systems Inc. Cambridge Quantum Computing Limited Segment by Type, , , , Hardware Software Cloud Service Segment By Application Medical Chemistry Transportation Manufacturing Others By Region North America, Europe China Japan Others

The report provides a 6-year forecast (2020-2026) assessed based on how the Quantum Computing market is predicted to grow in major regions likeUSA, Europe, Japan, China, India, Southeast Asia, South America, South Africa, Others.

Segmentation by Type:, , , Hardware Software Cloud Service Segment By Application Medical Chemistry Transportation Manufacturing Others By Region North America Europe China Japan Others

Segmentation by Application: Medical Chemistry Transportation Manufacturing Others By Region North America, Europe, China, Japan, Others

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Table of Contents

1 REPORT OVERVIEW1 1.1 Study Scope1 1.2 Key Market Segments1 1.3 Players Covered2 1.4 Market Analysis by Type2 1.4.1 Global Quantum Computing Market Size Growth Rate by Type (2020-2026)2 1.4.2 Hardware3 1.4.3 Software4 1.4.4 Cloud Service5 1.5 Market by Application6 1.5.1 Global Quantum Computing Market Share by Application (2020-2026)6 1.5.2 Medical7 1.5.3 Chemistry7 1.5.4 Transportation7 1.5.5 Manufacturing7 1.5.6 Others8 1.6 Study Objectives8 1.7 Years Considered8 2 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY9 2.1 Global Quantum Computing Market Size (2015-2026)9 2.2 Quantum Computing Market Size by Regions9 2.2.1 Quantum Computing Growth Rate by Regions (2020-2026)9 2.2.2 Quantum Computing Market Share by Regions (2020-2026)10 2.3 Industry Trends11 2.3.1 Market Top Trends11 2.3.2 Market Use Cases13 3 KEY PLAYERS15 3.1 Quantum Computing Revenue by Players (2019-2020)15 3.2 Quantum Computing Key Players Headquarters and Area Served16 3.3 Date of Enter into Quantum Computing Market17 3.4 Recent Mergers & Acquisitions, Expansion Plans17 4 BREAKDOWN BY TYPE AND APPLICATION19 4.1 Global Quantum Computing Market Size by Type (2020-2026)19 4.2 Global Quantum Computing Market Size by Application (2020-2026)20 5 NORTH AMERICA23 5.1 North America Quantum Computing Market Forecast (2020-2026)23 5.2 Quantum Computing Key Players in North America23 5.3 North America Quantum Computing Market Size by Type25 5.4 North America Quantum Computing Market Size by Application26 6 EUROPE27 6.1 Europe Quantum Computing Market Forecast (2020-2026)27 6.2 Quantum Computing Key Players in Europe27 6.3 Europe Quantum Computing Market Size by Type28 6.4 Europe Quantum Computing Market Size by Application28 7 JAPAN30 7.1 Japan Quantum Computing Market Forecast (2020-2026)30 7.2 Quantum Computing Key Players in Japan30 7.3 Japan Quantum Computing Market Size by Type31 7.4 Japan Quantum Computing Market Size by Application31 8 CHINA33 8.1 China Quantum Computing Market Analysis33 8.2 Key Players in China33 8.3 China Quantum Computing Market Size by Type34 8.4 China Quantum Computing Market Size by Application34 9 INTERNATIONAL PLAYERS PROFILES36 9.1 D-Wave Solutions36 9.1.1 D-Wave Solutions Company Details36 9.1.2 D-Wave Solutions Description and Business Overview36 9.1.3 D-Wave Solutions Quantum Computing Introduction36 9.1.4 D-Wave Solutions Revenue in Quantum Computing Business (2019-2020)37 9.1.5 D-Wave Solutions Recent Development37 9.2 IBM38 9.2.1 IBM Company Details38 9.2.2 IBM Description and Business Overview39 9.2.3 IBM Quantum Computing Introduction39 9.2.4 IBM Revenue in Quantum Computing Business (2019-2020)40 9.3 Google40 9.3.1 Google Company Details40 9.3.2 Google Description and Business Overview40 9.3.3 Google Quantum Computing Introduction41 9.3.4 Google Revenue in Quantum Computing Business (2019-2020)41 9.4 Microsoft41 9.4.1 Microsoft Company Details41 9.4.2 Microsoft Description and Business Overview42 9.4.3 Microsoft Quantum Computing Introduction42 9.4.4 Microsoft Revenue in Quantum Computing Business (2019-2020)42 9.5 Rigetti Computing43 9.5.1 Rigetti Computing Company Details43 9.5.2 Rigetti Computing Description and Business Overview43 9.5.3 Rigetti Computing Quantum Computing Introduction43 9.5.4 Rigetti Computing Revenue in Quantum Computing Business (2019-2020)43 9.5.5 Rigetti Computing Recent Development44 9.6 Intel44 9.6.1 Intel Company Details44 9.6.2 Intel Description and Business Overview45 9.6.3 Intel Quantum Computing Introduction45 9.6.4 Intel Revenue in Quantum Computing Business (2019-2020)45 9.6.5 Intel Recent Development46 9.7 Origin Quantum Computing Technology46 9.7.1 Origin Quantum Computing Technology Company Details46 9.7.2 Origin Quantum Computing Technology Description and Business Overview46 9.7.3 Origin Quantum Computing Technology Quantum Computing Introduction47 9.7.4 Origin Quantum Computing Technology Revenue in Quantum Computing Business (2019-2020)47 9.7.5 Origin Quantum Computing Technology Recent Development47 9.8 Anyon Systems Inc.48 9.8.1 Anyon Systems Inc. Company Details48 9.8.2 Anyon Systems Inc. Description and Business Overview48 9.8.3 Anyon Systems Inc. Quantum Computing Introduction48 9.8.4 Anyon Systems Inc. Revenue in Quantum Computing Business (2019-2020)49 9.9 Cambridge Quantum Computing Limited49 9.9.1 Cambridge Quantum Computing Limited Company Details49 9.9.2 Cambridge Quantum Computing Limited Description and Business Overview49 9.9.3 Cambridge Quantum Computing Limited Quantum Computing Introduction50 9.9.4 Cambridge Quantum Computing Limited Revenue in Quantum Computing Business (2019-2020)50 9.9.5 Cambridge Quantum Computing Limited Recent Development51 10 MARKET DYNAMICS52 10.1 Drivers52 10.2 Challenges53 10.3 Porter Five Forces Analysis54 11 KEY FINDINGS IN THIS REPORT56 12 APPENDIX58 12.1 Research Methodology58 12.1.1 Methodology/Research Approach58 12.1.2 Data Source61 12.2 Disclaimer64 12.3 Author Details64

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QY Research is a leading global market research and consulting company. Established in 2007 in Beijing, China, QY Research focuses on management consulting, database and seminar services, IPO consulting, industry chain research and custom research to help our clients in providing non-linear revenue model and make them successful. We are globally recognized for our expansive portfolio of services.

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Quantum Computing Market Overview With Detailed Analysis, Competitive Landscape, Forecast to 2026 Honeywell, Transurban, Transtoll - Weekly Wall