KANAZAWA, Japan, March 25, 2020 /PRNewswire/ -- In a recent study published in Autophagy, researchers at Kanazawa University show how abnormalities in a gene called TPR can lead to pediatric brain cancer.

Ependymoma is a rare form of brain cancer that implicates children and is often tricky to diagnose. Since effective treatment options can be initiated only after a well-formed diagnosis, there is a dire need among the medical community to identify markers for ependymoma, which in turn, will help oncologists tailor therapy better. Richard Wong's and Mitsutoshi Nakada's team at Kanazawa University has now shown how one gene closely linked to ependymoma can help with not just diagnosis, but also treatment options for the condition.

A gene known as TPR shows an elevated presence in 38% of ependymoma cases. Thus, the team first sought out to investigate how an increase in the TPR gene correlated to the development of cancer cells. Each gene present in a cell contains a code for the creation of a specific protein. The TPR gene contains the code for an eponymous protein. Therefore, cancer samples from patients were assessed for the levels of TPR protein. As expected, levels of TPR were abnormally high in these tumor tissues.

The researchers then moved on to investigate whether these abnormal TPR levels could lead to cancer progression. For this purpose, mice were implanted with human ependymoma cancer tissue into their brains. The TPR gene was then deleted in these tissues so that the mice were unable to create the TPR protein. When the tumor tissues were subsequently analyzed, a reduction of cancer growth was seen. The TPR gene was thus vital for the growth of ependymoma tumors.

Deletion of the TPR protein is known to induce a process called autophagy within cells. Autophagy is initiated when a cell is under undue stress and results in the death of damaged cells. The patient tumor samples, with their high levels of TPR protein, showed little or no presence of autophagy. However, autophagy was remarkably high in the mice with TPR depletion. Ependymoma cells were thus spared of autophagic death due to the increased presence of TPR. These damaged cells continued to grow by circumventing the biological systems set up to keep them in check. The high TPR levels were also accompanied by an increase in HSF-1 and MTOR, molecules which are responsible for cell growth and survival.

Finally, the possibility of lowering TPR levels therapeutically to control the cancer was assessed. The mice were given a drug called rapamycin, which inhibits MTOR. The treatment not only led to decreased TPR levels, but also shrank the tumor tissues within their brains.

"Thus, TPR can serve as a potential biomarker, and MTOR inhibition could be an effective therapeutic approach for ependymoma patients," conclude the researchers. While looking out for increased levels of TPR in patients can help oncologists achieve a more comprehensive diagnosis, reducing TPR levels with the help of drugs can help keep the tumors in check.

Background:

Autophagy: Autophagy, which literally translates to "self-eating" is the self-preservation mechanism of the body to get rid of damaged cells. Autophagy is initiated when an abnormal amount of proteins or toxins build up within a cell, which the cell cannot clear out. Conditions like Alzheimer's disease and Parkinson's disease arise when autophagic mechanisms within the cells start malfunctioning. Impaired autophagy is also known to be implicated in driving various forms of cancer.

Reference

Firli Rahmah Primula Dewi, Shabierjiang Jiapaer, Akiko Kobayashi, Masaharu Hazawa, Dini Kurnia Ikliptikawati, Hartono, Hemragul Sabit, Mitsutoshi Nakada, and Richard W. Wong. "Nucleoporin TPR (translocated promoter region, nuclear basket protein) upregulation alters MTOR-HSF1 trails and suppresses autophagy induction in ependymoma", Autophagy. Published online 24March2020.

DOI 10.1080/15548627.2020.1741318.

About Nano Life Science Institute (WPI-NanoLSI)

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Nano Life Science Institute (NanoLSI), Kanazawa University is a research center established in 2017 as part of the World Premier International Research Center Initiative of the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology. The objective of this initiative is to form world-tier research centers. NanoLSI combines the foremost knowledge of bio-scanning probe microscopy to establish 'nano-endoscopic techniques' to directly image, analyze, and manipulate biomolecules for insights into mechanisms governing life phenomena such as diseases.

About Kanazawa University

http://www.kanazawa-u.ac.jp/e/

As the leading comprehensive university on the Sea of Japan coast, Kanazawa University has contributed greatly to higher education and academic research in Japan since it was founded in 1949. The University has three colleges and 17 schools offering courses in subjects that include medicine, computer engineering, and humanities.

The University is located on the coast of the Sea of Japan in Kanazawa a city rich in history and culture. The city of Kanazawa has a highly respected intellectual profile since the time of the fiefdom (1598-1867). Kanazawa University is divided into two main campuses: Kakuma and Takaramachi for its approximately 10,200 students including 600 from overseas.

Further information

Hiroe Yoneda Vice Director of Public AffairsWPI Nano Life Science Institute (WPI-NanoLSI)Kanazawa UniversityKakuma-machi, Kanazawa 920-1192, JapanEmail: nanolsi-office@adm.kanazawa-u.ac.jp Tel: +81-(76)-234-4550

SOURCE Kanazawa University

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Kanazawa University Research: Insights into the Diagnosis and Treatment of Brain Cancer in Children - PR Newswire UK

Researchers from Finland, Belgium and the USA have measured the radar cross sections of drones to establish an open-database of known types and improve drone detection methods.

With drones being increasingly used across society and industry for many different applications, they can cause public harm and be used maliciously. The researchers hope the database can be used to help design radar systems and new drone detection techniques to improve public safety.

Radar is commonly used to monitor the presence of drones and prevent possible threats. However, drones are manufactured in a range of sizes, shapes and often use composite materials, making them challenging to detect with radar.

Researchers from Aalto University in Finland, UCLouvain in Belgium, and New York University, USA have gathered extensive radar measurement data of commercially available and custom-built drone models Radar Cross Section (RCS), which indicates how the target reflects radio signals. The RCS signature can help to identify the size, shape and the material of the drone.

Researcher Vasilii Semkin from Aalto University said, We measured drones RCS at multiple 26-40 GHz millimetre-wave frequencies to better understand how drones can be detected and to investigate the difference between drone models and materials in terms of scattering radio signals.

We believe that our results will be a starting point for a future uniform drone database. Therefore, all results are publicly available along with our research paper.

The publicly accessible measurement data could be used in the development of radar systems, as well as machine learning algorithms for more complex identification. This would increase the probability of detecting drones and reducing fault detections.

There is an urgent need to find better ways to monitor drone use. We aim to continue this work and extend the measurement campaign to other frequency bands, as well as for a larger variety of drones and different real-life environments, added Semkin.

Researchers are now studying the possibility that5G base stations could be used in the futurefor surveillance.

We are developing millimetre-wave wireless communication technology, which could also be used in sensing the environment like a radar. With this technology, 5G-base stations could detect drones, among other things, said professorVille Viikarifrom Aalto Universitys Department of Electronics and Nanoengineering.

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Researchers measure radar cross sections to improve drone detection - Aerospace Testing International

The Hagler Institute for Advanced Study at Texas A&M recently inducted its 2019-20 class of Hagler Fellows. Pictured front row from left: Mario Andrs Hamuy, Deirdre N. McCloskey, Sharon M. Donovan, Edwin L. Ned Thomas, and Peter W. Shor. Back row from left: Kathleen C. Howell, Luiz Davidovich, Misha Lyubich, and Hagler Institute founding director John L. Junkins. Not pictured: Peter J. Hotez and Henry Rousso.

Photo courtesy of Butch Ireland

The Hagler Institute for Advanced Study at Texas A&M University inducted nine Hagler Fellows into the 2019-20 class during its eighth annual gala on Friday, Feb. 28.

The faculty fellows are distinguished in the advancement of research in aeronautics and astronautics, astronomy, history, law, physics, mathematics, materials science and nanoengineering, nutrition and health and tropical medicine. The institute also honored its distinguished lecturers for the 2019-20 academic year.

In remarks to the 200-plus audience in the Bethancourt Grand Ballroom at the Memorial Student Center, Chancellor John Sharp of The Texas A&M University System regarded the Hagler Institute as one of the greatest ways to incorporate distinction and reach Texas A&Ms high standard for academic achievement.

The quality of the professors to come to us through the Hagler Institute for Advanced Study has been nothing short of extraordinary, Sharp said.

Texas A&M President Michael K. Young began by thanking Founding Director John Junkins for his vision and commitment to the institute. Young also thanked Jon Hagler for his generosity and dedication to excellence.

By investing in the excellence of intellectual explorers like the ones we welcome tonight, he has ensured his lasting legacy as a catalyst for groundbreaking scholarship and discovery, Young said.

Keynote speaker Norman Augustine, former chair and CEO of Lockheed Martin and current chair of the Hagler Institutes External Advisory Board, referenced the progress the Hagler Institute has made over the last decade.

Its remarkable growth has been possible by the early support of Chancellor Sharp and the continuing support of President Young as the Hagler Institute now moves into Phase 2.0, Augustine said. Their confidence and the confidence of people like this audience, along with the infinite energy and persistence of John Junkins, have turned a fragile idea into a remarkable institution.

Augustine urged the audience to actively support the work of the Hagler Institute.

Education and research are the engines that drive our economy, and our economy is the engine that, to a considerable extent, drives the quality of our lives, he said.

This years induction of Hagler Fellows includes members of the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering and Medicine, the American Academy of Arts and Sciences and equivalent academies around the world, bringing the total number of past and present Hagler Fellows to 70. Each fellow collaborates with one or more of Texas A&Ms colleges or schools.

The Hagler Institute also formally welcomed its Distinguished Lecturers for 2019-2020.

About the Hagler Institute for Advanced Study: The Hagler Institute for Advanced Study was established in December 2010 by The Texas A&M University System Board of Regents to build on the growing academic reputation of Texas A&M and provide a framework to attract top scholars from throughout the nation and abroad for appointments of up to a year. The selection of Faculty Fellows initiates with faculty nominations of National Academies and Nobel Prize-caliber scholars who align with existing strengths and ambitions of the University. To learn more, visit the Hagler Institute webpage.

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Texas A&M Hagler Institute Inducts 2019-2020 Faculty Fellows, Distinguished Lecturers - Texas A&M University Today

There is no vaccine or specific treatment for COVID-19, the disease caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2, or SARS-CoV-2.

Since the outbreak began in late 2019, researchers have been racing to learn more about SARS-CoV-2, which is a strain from a family of viruses known as coronavirus for their crown-like shape.

Northeastern chemical engineer Thomas Webster, who specializes in developing nano-scale medicine and technology to treat diseases, is part of a contingency of scientists that are contributing ideas and technology to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention to fight the COVID-19 outbreak.

Professor and chair of the Department of Chemical Engineering Tom Webster. Photo by Adam Glanzman/Northeastern University

The idea of using nanoparticles, Webster says, is that the virus behind COVID-19 consists of a structure of a similar scale as his nanoparticles. At that scale, matter is ultra-small, about ten thousand times smaller than the width of a single strand of hair.

Webster is proposing particles of similar sizes that could attach to SARS-CoV-2 viruses, disrupting their structure with a combination of infrared light treatment. That structural change would then halt the ability of the virus to survive and reproduce in the body.

You have to think in this size range, says Webster, Art Zafiropoulo Chair of chemical engineering at Northeastern. In the nanoscale size range, if you want to detect viruses, if you want to deactivate them.

Finding and neutralizing viruses with nanomedicine is at the core of what Webster and other researchers call theranostics, which focuses on combining therapy and diagnosis. Using that approach, his lab has specialized in nanoparticles to fight the microbes that cause influenza and tuberculosis.

Its not just having one approach to detect whether you have a virus and another approach to use it as a therapy, he says, but having the same particle, the same approach, for both your detection and therapy.

SARS-CoV-2 spreads mostly through tiny droplets of viral particlesfrom breathing, talking, sneezing, coughingthat enter the body through the eyes, mouth, or nose. Preliminary research also suggests that those germs may survive for days when they attach themselves to countertops, handrails, and other hard surfaces.

Thats one reason to make theranostics with nanoparticles the focus of the COVID-19 outbreak, Webster says.

Nanoparticles can disable these pathogens even before they break into the body, as they hold on to different objects and surfaces. His lab has developed materials that can be sprayed on objects to form nanoparticles and attack viruses.

Even if it was on a surface, on someones countertop, or an iPhone, he says. It doesnt mean anything because its not the active form of that virus.

That same technology can be fine-tuned and tweaked to target a wide range of viruses, bacteria, and other pathogens. Unlike other novel drugs with large molecular structures, nanoparticles are so small that they can move through our body without disrupting other functions, such as those of the immune system.

Almost like a surveyor, they can go around your bloodstream, Webster says. They can survey your body much easier and under much longer times and try and detect viruses.

To do all that, the CDC needs to know the specifics about what kind of structure is needed to neutralize SARS-CoV-2, Webster says. That information isnt public yet.

You have to identify what we need to put in our nanoparticle to attract it to that virus, he says. The CDC must know that, because theyve developed a kit that can determine if you have [COVID-19], versus influenza, or something else.

An alternative to nanomedicine is producing synthetic molecules. But Webster says that tactic presents some challenges. In the case of chemotherapies used to treat cancer cells, such synthetic drugs can cause severe side effects that kill cancer cells, as well as other cells in the body.

The same thing could be happening with synthetic chemistry to treat a virus, where molecules are killing a lot more than just that virus, Webster says.

Still, Webster acknowledges that there arent many researchers focusing on nanoparticles to kill viruses.

One of the main reasons for the lack of those solutions is that the same benefits that make nanoparticles ideal to fight infectious diseases also make them a concern for the U.S. Federal Drug Administration.

Because of their size, nanoparticles are pervasive (too pervasive, maybe) to seep through other parts of the body. To reduce that risk, Websters lab has focused on using iron oxide. Particles of that make up entail chemistry that is already natural to our bodies and diets.

Even if you have a viral infection, you need more iron, because you could be anemic depending on how bad the infection is, Webster says. Were actually developing these nanoparticles out of chemistries that can help your health.

And, he says, iron-based nanoparticles could be directed with magnetic fields to target specific organs in the body, such as lungs and other areas susceptible to respiratory complications after contracting viral infections. That too, Webster says, is something that you couldnt do with a novel synthetic molecule.

Really, what this all means is that we just have to do the studies to show those iron nanoparticles are not going into the brain or the kidney, Webster says, that these nanoparticles are going exactly where you want them to go to the virus.

For media inquiries, please contact Shannon Nargi at s.nargi@northeastern.edu or 617-373-5718.

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Here's how nanoparticles could help us get closer to a treatment for COVID-19 - News@Northeastern

Smart Materials May Find New Option with Light-Powered MicromotorJeffrey Heimgartner posted on March 04, 2020 | Researchers have developed a 5mm micromotor powered by light.

When it comes to converting energy into movement, rotary motors have proven their worth. As new innovations and technology continue to get smaller in size, miniaturizing these kinds of motors has been a focus for researchers at the University of Warsaw. Working with colleagues from the Department of Mathematical Sciences at Xian Jiaotong-Liverpool University in Suzhou, China, the Institute of Applied Physics at Military University of Technology in Warsaw, and the Centre of Polymer and Carbon Materials of Polish Academy of Sciences in Zabrze, Poland, the team developed a micromotor powered by light that could potentially make it easier to miniaturize other components.

Movie of the 5.5 mm diameter micromotor, driven by a rotating laser beam. (Source: UW Physics, Mikoaj Rog)

Despite low speed, around one rotation per minute, our motor allows us to look at the micromechanics of intelligent soft materials from a different perspective and gives food for thought when it comes to their potential use, said Klaudia Dradrach, Photonic Nanostructure Facility.

A 5mm diameter micromotor rotor, made of specially oriented polymer film, fits on a pencil tip. (Image courtesy of the University of Warsaw, Piotr Wasylczyk.)

Since LCEs are considered a smart material, which can be fabricated in a multitude of ways and sizes, the new motor could open doors for new innovations. The new motor, along with the right orientation of the LCEs, could help power and control robotic components with light. It also has the potential to change how wearable smart materials could be made and operate.

With the success of their current micromotor, the researchers are now focusing their efforts on light-controlled microtools and long-range linear actuators.

Interested in more ways tiny innovations are set to make a big difference? Check out Nanoparticles Pave the Way for a Million-Mile EV Battery and Composite Enhancing Nano-Barrier Could Change Spacecraft Construction.

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Smart Materials May Find New Option with Light-Powered Micromotor - ENGINEERING.com

Researchers at the University of Arizona are developing wearable technology to analyze sweat, which may remove the need to draw blood to learn about the bodys functions in multiple situations.

The project is funded by an 18-month, $519,000 grant from the SEMI Nano-Bio Materials Consortium. The project falls at the crossroads of multiple academic fields, including engineering, chemistry and medicine, and has two main goals: develop a patch to reliably collect the sweat, and develop a biochemistry sensor to analyze the sweat.

When physicians take blood samples, the blood is tested for "biomarkers" which are indicators of medical phenomena like disease or infection. Sweat contains its own index of biomarkers, and collecting it presents a unique series of challenges and advantages.

No matter what molecule you measure in sweat, you need to determine how it relates to the physiological status of the individual, says co-investigator Esther Sternberg, who serves as research director for the Andrew Weil Center for Integrative Medicine and UA professor of medicine. In order to measure the status of the immune system without stressing an individual, one needed to get at immune molecules in a different way than drawing blood, because if you draw blood you need to stick a needle in a person, and thats a stressor If youre trying to understand how the stress response affects the immune response, you need to have a noninvasive, unobtrusive way of measuring the status of the immune response.

Sternberg began working with biomarkers in sweat 20 years ago while working at National Institutes of Health. She says one of the reasons she was drawn to the UA was because of interdisciplinary research projects such as this.

Part of understanding biomarkers in sweat involves using a sweat correlation lab where subjects use exercise bikes to have their sweat collected in a controlled environment.

Were able to relate the levels of the different biomarkers to the exact amount of stress that their bodies are experiencing because we correlate them with heart rate, heart rate variability, breathing and other well-standardized methods to accurately measure the activity of the brain and bodys stress response, Sternberg says. Just measuring the molecules is just the tip of the iceberg, you need to correlate them with all these different measures of the status of the physiological stress response in order to understand what they mean and have actionable results.

One of the first hurdles is how to accurately and quickly collect the sweat. According to project principal investigator Erin Ratcliff, a materials science and engineering professor and head of the UA Laboratory for Interface Science of Printable Electronic Materials, the obvious idea to collect sweat would be to make a patch to gather information from multiple pores at once. However, this means waiting for the space between the patch and skin to fill up with sweat, and during that time, the molecules and biomarkers can chemically change, altering important information.

Ratcliff became involved in this project five years ago, and her role is to convert the biomarkers into an electronic signal that devices use. Current wearable technologies, such as a FitBit, measure bodily data like EKG and heart rate, but dont measure the molecules behind the stress responses, such as cortisol or neuropeptide Y.

Part of the project uses a virtual sweat sensing lab which is a computer simulation that allows researchers to input information about biomarkers, printable materials and device architectures to determine what the output of a sensor would be before they ever make it.

The prototypes that will come out of this 18-month project will be laboratory level with the idea that the components will lead to a product stream for a particular company, but were not going to make thousands of them, Ratcliff says.

While Sternberg says measuring sweat has a tremendous and very wide applicability to many different diseases, it will not completely remove the need to draw blood.

Youre getting information from two different compartments of the body; the blood tells you whats going on in the blood and circulatory system, and sweat tells you whats going on in the tissues and peripheral nervous system I believe this will enhance information and give you information that is not present when you only measure molecules in blood, Sternberg says. Ultimately there may be circumstances in which collecting sweat and collecting molecules from sweat will replace the need to measure the molecules in blood, and in other cases to get a full picture of whats happening in the body, you may need to measure sweat, blood, saliva, urine and on and on.

The U.S. Department of Defense measures "technology readiness" throughout nine levels. According to Ratcliff, the team is aiming for the technology to be at level four at the end of this project. Technology Readiness Level Four means that "basic technological components are integrated to establish that they will work together.

This speaks to the importance of academe and industry working together in an unbiased way, together with federal agencies, to solve complex problems which cant be solved only on the academic side or only on the industry side, Sternberg says. This is an interdisciplinary, multi-college collaboration with an engineer of materials science in Erin Ratcliff, a chemist Ray Runyon, and myself a physician When youre talking about cutting-edge, frontier science, that is the way science has to be done.

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UA developing wearable technology to measure sweat 'biomarkers' - Tucson Local Media

Photo submitted by the Office of Graduate Student Support.

Mahsa Lotfi-Marchoobeh delivers her 3MT presentation to the audience.

Mahsa Lotfi-Marchoobeh is the winner of the University of Arkansas Three Minute Thesis competition. She earned the top prize for her presentation A Miniaturized Neural Probe for Detection of Chemicals in the Brain.

As the top finisher, Lotfi-Marchoobeh won $750 and entry to the Conference of Southern Graduate Schools' regional Three Minute Thesis contest.

Lotfi-Marchoobeh is a doctoral student in the Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry and is advised by Ingrid Fritsch. In the regional contest Lotfi-Marchoobeh will compete against roughly 80 students from universities across the Southern Region. The contest will be held March7 in Birmingham, Alabama.

Abass Oduola and Firuze Kordshuli tied for the People's Choice award, voted on by members of the audience. They each won $500 for their presentations. Oduola, a cell and molecular biology doctoral student advised by Griffiths Atungulu, presented Impact of Selected Infrared Wavelengths on Inactivation of Microbes on Rough Rice. Kordshuli presented Incorporation of Cu-SIO2 Nano Particles in PDA/PTFE Thin Films, as part of her doctoral research in mechanical engineering with advisor Min Zou.

Lotfi-Marchoobeh, Oduola and Kordshuli were three of five students who earned a spot in the University of Arkansas final. Each student booked their spot in the final by winning contests in their academic colleges in February.

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Chemistry's Mahsa Lofti-Marchoobeh Wins Three Minute Thesis Final - University of Arkansas Newswire

Affiliation noted on Chinese university website, research papers, patent applications

A professor kept working for a Chinese university after being hired by the University of Tennessee-Knoxville and failed to disclose the relationship, even after he applied for tenure, according to a federal indictment.

Anming Hu, associate professor in the Department of Mechanical, Aerospace and Biomedical Engineering, was arrested last week andcharged with three counts each of wire fraud and making false statements, the Justice Department said. The university says it has suspended him.

The most serious allegations against Hu stem from his acceptance of funding from NASA while semi-covertly working for Beijing University of Technology, which would violate federal law on NASA funding restrictions. The Knoxville News Sentinel reports:

In 2016, Hu prepared a proposal to work on a NASA-funded project and was informed by a UT employee of the funding restrictions surrounding Chinese companies and universities.

Still, Hu continued to seek and receiveNASA funds for research projects, the indictment states. Later that year, UT submitted aproposal for Hu called, Nanobrazing stainless steel containers for breaking the chain-of-contact (BTC) Mars Sample Return Mission, and in 2018, the university submitted one called,Printed metallic sensors based on 3D printing and laser sintering of nanoinks.

Hu worked on those two projects, for which NASA shelled out $105,000, according to the indictment.

The charges against Hu stem from emails and invoices sent in connection to those projects.

Hu hid his employment with the Beijing university even before UTK hired him in 2013, leaving his position with its Institute of Laser Engineering off his application, according to the indictment. He allegedly checked no on UTK forms that asked him if he worked for any organization or business entity other than UTK.

Yet his name and Beijing university affiliation showed up in multiple public places the university website, at least six published research papers and a dozen patent applications filed in China:

Hu also supervised graduate students in the Institute of Laser Engineering,worked on projectssponsored by the Chinese government and remotely oversawthe operation of a lab in Beijing.

My group there is focusing on super-resolution nano manufacturing and printable electronics, Hu wrote in an email to a U.S. professor in 2017.

The Justice Department said Hu is facing up to 75 years in prison and $750,000 fines if convicted on all counts.

Read the Justice statement and News Sentinel report.

h/t Inside Higher Ed

MORE: Prosecutors call Harvard department chair a secret Chinese agent

IMAGE: AlexLMX/Shutterstock

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NASA-funded professor charged with hiding Chinese university ties - The College Fix

Devro PLC (LON:DVO) shot up 7% to 157.4p as it said it expects to achieve good progress in 2020 with volume growth in all its markets.

The producer of sausage casings added that cost savings will more than offset cost pressures due to inflation.

In the year to 31 December, it swung to a 21mln loss before tax, from a 17mln profit in 2018, due to closure of a UK facility and non-cash impairment charges related to US and Chinese plants.

TT Electronics plc (LON:TTG) advanced 9% to 208p as the majority of its operations in Asia have restarted after closing to prevent the coronavirus from spreading.

The manufacturer of electronic components has three facilities in China and one in Hong Kong, accounting for 25% of its total revenues.

The company said the closures will hit this years profits by 3mln.

Edenville Energy PLC dipped 2% to 0.044p on Wednesday afternoon as it expects further disruption at its Rukwa mine in Tanzania if the rains continue.

The AIM-listed coal producer said it expects to start mining from the northern area of the project during this month, as the ramp-up in production continues.

The plant is taking material from the 6,000-tonne stockpile established last month which needs to be replenished.

Fellow miner Condor Gold PLC (LON:CNR) was doing much better, rising 9% to 31.75p.

The AIM-listed firm said results from mining dilution studies supporting a 1,000 tonnes per day production feed at the La India project in Nicaragua.

Management said it could be possible by establishing a small plant or a toll milling agreement.

Amigo Holdings PLC (LON:AMGO) jumped 11% to 43.99p inearly afternoon trade as it announced that its founder James Benamor has resigned with immediate effect.

Benamor forced his way back on to the board at the guarantor loans lender in December after resigning post-float in 2018.

Amigo embarked in a transformation programme in August and recently was given some feedback from theFinancial Conduct Authority over areas for improvement, such as increasing the explanation of key information provided to potential guarantors and disclosure on the likelihood that guarantors could be called to make payments.

Meanwhile, Haydale Graphene Industries PLC (LON:HAYD) surged 11% to 1.75p after it said its graphene nano-platelets have been incorporated into a cosmetic face mask recently launched by South Korean firm iCraft.

The masks will utilise the thermal and electrical conductivity of graphene to help the skin absorb its contents.

The AIM-listed firm said thatwhile the initial volume of graphene required to meet early-stage demand may not be significant, the deal marked a significant step-change in the use of the material.

Attraqt Group PLC (LON:ATQT) slid 18% to 32p as its full-year loss before tax widened by 38% to 4mln due to higher staff, research and development costs.

The e-commerce solutions provider said it still expects double-digit growth in its 2020 annual recurring revenue.

Elsewhere, Hostelworld Group PLC (LON:HSW) shed 10% to 94.6p after warning the coronavirus outbreak could hit its quarterly earnings by 4mln.

The budget accommodation provider said trading since late-January had been challenged by the outbreak with a significant impact on global travel demand, particularly within Asia and Europe.

As the coronavirus has spread from region to region, we have observed a material reduction in bookings and an increase in marketing cost as a percentage of net revenue, the company said.

Urban Exposure PLC (LON:UEX) shot up 10% to 64.98p mid-morning after confirming it is in exclusive discussions with Pollen Street Capital following media speculation.

The finance provider to property developers is looking to offload its loan book to Pollen Street, while the existing executive team would buy its asset management business.

If all goes ahead, the firmwill de-list from AIM and return 73p per share to its shareholders.

Meanwhile, Oncimmune Holdings PLC (LON:ONC) jumped 8% to 88p after praising its US partner Biodesix for exceeding expectations.

The two firms have agreed to sell Oncimmunes diagnostic kit EarlyCDT Lung alongside Biodesixs Notify XL2.

They will be offered via a national sales force plugged directly into pulmonologists and, corporately, into national hospital systems.

In the chemicals industry, Itaconix PLC (LON:ITX) advanced 7% to 1.66p on the back of a joint development agreementfor a biodegradable packaging venture.

According to the deal, the unnamed partner will evaluate the use of Itaconix's BIO*Asterix line of functional additives in new biodegradable packaging solutions.

Itaconix said that if the efforts are successful it will produce and supply one or more BIO*Asterix additives for the partner to use in its product range.

Proactis Holdings PLC (LON:PHD) was a bigearly faller on Wednesday, crashing 38% lower to 29p as it revealed it is no longer up for sale.

The business e-commerce solutions provider announced a formal sale process last July but said today that it did not lead to any firm proposals.

The company has now committed to make a series of changes to keep shareholders happy, including the annual re-election of directors.

Similarly, Nanoco Group PLC (LON:NANO) shares tanked 36% to 16p as it said it has not received a formal acquisition offer after months of discussions.

The nano-materials firm, however, said it is still engaging with a number of parties hoping someone will pop the question.

The firm added it continues to review all strategic options including additional funding.

Meanwhile, Intu Properties PLC(LON:INTU) dropped 26% to 7.91p as the shopping centres firm revealed it hasfailed to raise the 1bn-1.5bn lifeline it hadhoped for.

The real estate group said in January that it was in talks with investors, but noted today that many of them were not willing to dish out the money in such an uncertain market.

The firm said other options are being explored, including alternative capital structures and asset disposals, after several expressions of interest.

Sirius Minerals PLC (LON:SXX) is set to be acquired by Anglo American Plc(LON:AAL) for 405mln after its offer was approved at yesterday's shareholder meeting. Over 1,300 investors cast their vote on Tuesday with 80.28% in favour. The offer needed 75% approval to go ahead.

Itaconix PLC (LON:ITX) has inked a joint development agreement for a biodegradable packaging venture. The agreement envisages a collaboration to evaluate the use of Itaconix's BIO*Asterix line of functional additives in new biodegradable packaging solutions.

Haydale Graphene Industries PLCs (LON:HAYD) graphene nano-platelets have been incorporated into a cosmetic face mask recently launched by South Korean firm iCraft. The company said the masks will utilise the thermal and electrical conductivity of graphene to help the skin absorb its contents.

Oncimmune Holdings PLC (LON:ONC) chief executive Adam Hill has heaped praise on the companys American partner following the launch of its lung diagnostic into the worlds largest healthcare market. Biodesix Inc exceeded our expectations, Hill said. Oncimmunes EarlyCDT Lung test will be sold in the US as Notify Lung for use by doctors in identifying nodules at high risk of lung cancer.

SDX Energy PLC (LON:SDX) told investors that the BMK-1 exploration well has encountered commercial quantities of gas in two targeted horizons. BMK-1 was described previously as a play-opening well and the result confirms that the core productive area in Morocco extends north, de-risking some 20bn cubic feet of prospective gas resources. The result is expected to significantly extend the life of resources.

BATM Advanced Communications Ltd (LON:BVC) has seen earnings double in 2019 after what its chief executive said was a great performance in the second half. For the year ended 31 December, the networking tech and bio-medical firm reported earnings (EBITDA) of US$9.8mln, up from US$4.9mln in 2018, while revenues rose to US$123.4mln from US$119.6mln. Adjusted operating profit, meanwhile, was up to US$5.3mln from US$2.6mln.

Allergy Therapeutics PLC (LON:AGY) has made a steady start to the financial year, according to its chief executive Manuel Llobet with revenue and profit up, respectively, by 9% and 10% backed by a strong operational performance. Turnover for the six months to December 31 advanced to 50.5mln from 46.7mln as the firm reported good growth across the product portfolio and a small gain in European market share.

Xpediator PLC (LON:XPD) has taken out a 20-year lease on a new 200,000 sq ft distribution centre at Southampton's container port. The opening of this new facility will take the freight companys UK warehousing capability to approximately 700,000 sq ft with the new distribution centre scheduled to be built in 2021.

Argo Blockchain PLC (LON:ARB) has reported a 56% increase in monthly income from its Bitcoin mining operation while also completing a capacity expansion ahead of schedule. In a monthly update, the cryptomining firm said it had mined around 337.5 Bitcoin equivalent in February, a 37% increase on Januarys figure, generating revenues of 2.54mln compared to 1.63mln in the prior month.

Tekcapital PLC (LON:TEK) revealed that its portfolio company, Salarius Ltd. has signed an agreement with iLevel Brands Inc as part of the launch of North American sales of its new SaltMe! full flavour-low sodium snack line. The UK intellectual property investment group which is focused on creating marketplace value from investing in university technology - said the agreement, combined with a previously announced distribution agreement, will expand Salarius' market penetration and brand awareness for its new potato chip snack line with retail brand placements across the entire East Coast, Midwest and Southwest geographic areas of the United States.

Seeing Machines Limited (LON:SEE) has appointed Stifel Nicolaus Europe Limited as its joint broker with immediate effect to assist in broadening the groups investor base across North America. The advanced computer vision technology company, which designs AI-powered operator monitoring systems to improve transport safety, said Stifels appointment follows a successful introduction to US-based investors in New York in January.

Condor Gold PLC (LON:CNR) has published a low-capex, high-grade open pit mining scenario based on updated mining dilution studies for the La India Gold Project, located in Nicaragua. These dilution studies have demonstrated that Condor Gold could use a selective mining approach to focus on mining lower-volumes of high-grade mineralisation, reducing the size of the required plant and as a result reducing the amount of capex required to build the plant. Alternatively, the focus on high-grade mineralisation could support a toll treatment operation with a nearby plant owned by another operator.

PCF Group Plc (LON:PCF), the AIM-listed specialist bank, has advised that given the current concerns surrounding travel the bank will be offering shareholders the option of viewing the its forthcoming AGM remotely via an online video stream. The group said this does not affect any of the other arrangements for the AGM, which will take place as previously announced at 1 Cornhill, London EC3V 3ND on Friday 6th March 2020 at 10.00am, and to which shareholders remain welcome to attend in person.

Ergomed PLC (LON:ERGO), a company focused on providing specialised services to the pharmaceutical industry, will announce its preliminary results for the year ending 31 December 2019 on 25 March 2020. The group added that Miroslav Reljanovi, its executive chairman, Richard Barfield, chief financial officer and Lewis Cameron, chief operating officer will host a presentation and conference call for analysts at 9.30am GMT on the day of the results at the offices of Numis, 10 Paternoster Square, London EC4M 7LT.

Original post:

Devro lifted by confidence over growth in 2020 - Proactive Investors UK

Written by AZoNanoFeb 12 2020

Materials science researchers from McCormick School of Engineering of Northwestern University have developed atechnique to observe the atoms dynamic movement in atomically thin two-dimensional (2D) materials.

The new imaging method, which demonstrates the fundamental cause responsible for the performance failure of an extensively-used 2D material, can help scientists to create more reliable and stable materials for upcoming flexible electronic devices and wearables.

These 2D materialsnamely borophene and grapheneare a group of single-layer, crystalline materials that have great potential as semiconductors in next-generation flexible and ultra-thin electronics.

However, the thin nature of these materials makes them extremely susceptible to external settings, and, as a result, they have struggled to show long-term reliability and stability when used in electronic devices.

Atomically thin 2D materials offer the potential to dramatically scale down electronic devices, making them an attractive option to power future wearable and flexible electronics,

Vinayak Dravid, Abraham Harris Professor, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, McCormick School of Engineering, Northwestern University

The study, titled Direct Visualization of Electric Field-induced Structural Dynamics in Monolayer Transition Metal Dichalcogenides, was published in the ACS Nano journalon February 11th, 2020.

The studys corresponding author is Vinayak Dravid.The research also involved Chris Wolverton, the Jerome B. Cohen Professor of Materials Science and Engineering,

Unfortunately, electronic devices now operate as a kind of black box. Although device metrics can be measured, the motion of single atoms within the materials responsible for these properties is unknown, which greatly limits efforts to improve performance, Dravid stated.

Dravid serves as a director of the Northwestern University Atomic and Nanoscale Characterization (NUANCE) Center. The study provides a means to move beyond that restriction, with a new insight into the structural dynamics involved in 2D materials receiving electrical current.

Based on an earlier study where the scientists utilized a nanoscale imaging method to visualize heat-induced failure in 2D materials, the team employed a high-resolution, atomic-scale imaging technique known as electron microscopy to view the motion of atoms in molybdenum disulfide (MoS2). MoS2 is an extensively researched material that was initially utilized as a dry lubricant in friction materials and greases; this dry lubricant was recently in the limelight for its optical and electronic properties.

Upon applying an electric current to the material, the scientists observed that the highly mobile sulfur atoms in this material always move to empty areas within the crystalline material, a phenomenon which the team called atomic dance.

That movement of the atomscaused the grain boundaries of MoS2 to separate and form narrow channels for the electrical current to pass through. Grain boundaries are natural defects produced in the space, where a pair of crystallites inside the material meet.

As these grain boundaries separate, you are left with only a couple of narrow channels, causing the density of the electrical current through these channels to increase. This leads to higher power densities and higher temperatures in those regions, which ultimately leads to failure in the material.

Akshay Murthy, Study Lead Author and PhD Student, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Northwestern University

Murthy is part of Dravids team.

Its powerful to be able to see exactly whats happening on this scale, continued Murthy. Using traditional techniques, we could apply an electric field to a sample and see changes in the material, but we couldnt see what was causing those changes. If you dont know the cause, its difficult to eliminate failure mechanisms or prevent the behavior going forward.

With this latest method to analyze 2D materials at the atomic level, the researchers believe that investigators can apply this imaging technique to produce materials that are less likely to fail in electronic devices.

For instance, in memory devices, scientists can visualize how regions where data is stored, emerge upon applying an electric current and adapt how those kinds of materials are developed for more improved performance.

The method may even help to enhance a range of other technologies, such as light-emitting diodes (LEDs) in consumer electronics, transistors in bioelectronics, and photovoltaic cells integrated with solar panels.

We believe the methodology we have developed to monitor how 2D materials behave under these conditions will help researchers overcome ongoing challenges related to device stability. This advance brings us one step closer to moving these technologies from the lab to the marketplace.

Akshay Murthy, Study Lead Author and PhD Student, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Northwestern University

Source: https://www.mccormick.northwestern.edu/

See the original post here:

New Method Helps Observe the Dynamic Motion of Atoms in 2D Materials - AZoNano

Surgical Instruments Tracking Systems Market: Introduction

Surgical instruments tracking systems have been accessible for use in medical field for several years. Today, surgical instruments tracking systems have turned into a need. The previous four to five years have witnessed major changes in tracking systems. Rapid advances in instruments tracking systems technologies such as nano-engineering and opto-electrical engineering have created new avenues in recent years. Need for unobtrusive and automated tracking systems will keep demands lucrative in coming years.

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The report by TMR Research takes a closer look at recent trends impacting the revenue potential of various playersand offers insights into imminent investment pockets in key markets.

Surgical Instruments Tracking Systems Market: Key Development

Some of the most prominent competitors operating in the competitive landscape of global surgical instruments tracking systems market include

Most players are embracing a few organic and inorganic and natural systems, for example, new launches and product advancements, mergers and acquisitions, and collaborations alongside expansion on regional and global scale for serving the unmet needs of users.

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Surgical Instruments Tracking Systems Market Dynamics

Rising instances of surgical instruments left in the human body after medical procedures and instrument scattering are the main considerations driving the evolution of the surgical instruments tracking systems market. As indicated by the National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI), the casualty rate of held surgical articles is around 2.0%. Along these lines, the requirement for cutting edge innovations, for example, 2D scanner tags and RFID to follow the held instruments while the patient is still in the task theater, is rising. This factor is anticipated to push the surgical instruments tracking systems market.

Rising popularity of instruments tracking devices by emergency clinics is another main consideration boosting the market development. Following healthcare gadgets and stock administration during work cycle including medical procedure, post-medical procedure, sanitization, and storage systems are a portion of the serious issues supervised by emergency clinics. Along these lines, they are embracing new technologies to follow these gadgets and systems, which thus is relied upon to stimulate the market.

A portion of the regular instruments that are accidently left in a patients body during medical procedure consists of sponges, blades, needles, electrosurgical adapters, clamps, scalpels, safety pins, scissors, and towels. Among these instruments, towels are probably the most common thing left behind by mistake. Surgical instruments left in patients bodies will in general cut veins and puncture blood vessels that might lead to internal bleeding, creating a pressing need for technologies to track these instruments.

Expanding requirement for stock administration and usage of Unique Device Identification (UDI) guidelines by the FDA are foreseen to drive the market. Innovative headways and initiatives by governments to adopt these gadgets is foreseen to additionally boost the market in the coming years.

Surgical Instruments Tracking Systems Market: Geographical Analysis

In 2018, North America contributed sizable revenue shares in the global surgical instruments tracking systems market. The launch of unique device identification (UDI) framework by the U.S. FDA for accurately identifying proof of medicinal gadgets through their distribution networks is one of the central points credited to this lead. Moreover, the presence of well-established healthcare infrastructure, fast adoption of cutting-edge products, and high per capita healthcare consumption in other developed regions, such as Europe, are foreseen to fuel the global surgical instruments tracking systems market.

About TMR Research:

TMR Research is a premier provider of customized market research and consulting services to business entities keen on succeeding in todays supercharged economic climate. Armed with an experienced, dedicated, and dynamic team of analysts, we are redefining the way our clients conduct business by providing them with authoritative and trusted research studies in tune with the latest methodologies and market trends.

Link:

Surgical Instruments Tracking Systems Market Development and New Market Opportunities and Forecasts 2028 - Jewish Life News

KANAZAWA, Japan, Feb. 10, 2020 /PRNewswire/ -- Researchers at Kanazawa University report in the Journal of Thoracic Oncology a promising novel approach for a combined treatment of the most common type of lung cancer and associated secondary cancers in the central nervous system. The approach lies in combining two cancer drugs, with one compensating for a resistance side effect of the other.

In 20 40% of patients with cancer, metastasis (the development of secondary tumors) in the central nervous system (CNS) occurs. CNS metastatis impacts negatively on a patient's quality of life, and is associated with a poor health prognosis. In a form of cancer known as ALK-rearranged non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC), CNS metastatis is known to persist when drugs targeting primary tumors are used.Now, Seiji Yano from Kanazawa University and colleagues have investigated the origins for the resistence to such drugs, and tested a new therapeutic strategy on a mouse model.

The researchers looked at the drug alectinib.Although used in standard treatments for advanced ALK-rearranged NSCLC, approximately 20 30% of patients treated with alectinib develop CNS metastatis, which is attributed to acquired resistance to the drug.

By treating mice first injected with tumor cells with alectinib daily for 16 weeks, the scientists obtained a mouse model displaying alectinib resistance.By biochemical analyses of the mouse brains, Yano and colleagues were able to link the resistance to the activation of a protein known as epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR).This activation is, in turn, a result of an increase in production of amphiregulin (AREG), a protein that binds to EGFR and in doing so 'activates' it.

Based on this insight, the researchers tested the effect of administering drugs used for inhibiting the action of EGFR in combination with alectinib treatment.The experiments showed that a combination treatment of alctinib with either erlotinib or osimertinib two existing EGFR-inibiting drugs prevented the progression of CNS metastasis, controlling the condition for over 30 days.

The scientists conclude that the combined use of alectinib and EGFR-inhibitors could overcome alectinib resistance in the mouse model of leptomeningeal carcinomatosis (LMC), a particular type of CNS metastasis.Quoting Yano and colleagues: "Our findings may provide rationale for clinical trials to investigate the effects of novel therapies dual-targeting ALK and EGFR in ALK-rearranged NSCLC with alectinib-resistant LMC."

Background

Non-small-cell lung cancer

Non-small-cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC) and small-cell lung carcinoma (SCLC) are the two types of lung cancer. 85% of all lung cancers are of the NSCLC type. NSCLCs are less sensitive to chemotherapy than SCLCs, making drug treatment of the highest importance.

Alectinib is a drug used for treating NSCLC, with good efficiency. However, 20-30% of patients taking the drug develop secondary cancer in the central nervous system (CNS), which is associated with an acquired resistance to alectinib.Seiji Yano from Kanazawa University and colleagues have now made progress towards a novel therapy against this resistance: a combination of alectinib with other drugs.

Epidermal growth factor receptor inhibitors

The drugs that Yano and colleagues tested in combination with alectinib on a mouse model were of a type known as epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) inhibitors, including osimertinib and erlotinib. Both are being used as medication for treating NSCLC.The former was approved in 2017 as cancer treatment by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration and the European Commission.Yano and colleagues obtained results showing that EGFR inhibitors counteract resistance to alectinib and have therefore potential in novel therapies for NSCLC and secondary cancers in the CNS.

Reference

Sachiko Arai, Shinji Takeuchi, Koji Fukuda, Hirokazu Taniguchi, Akihiro Nishiyama, Azusa Tanimoto, Miyako Satouchi, Kaname Yamashita, Koshiro Ohtsubo, Shigeki Nanjo, Toru Kumagai, Ryohei Katayama, Makoto Nishio, Mei-mei Zheng, Yi-Long Wu, Hiroshi Nishihara, Takushi Yamamoto, Mitsutoshi Nakada, and Seiji Yano. Osimertinib overcomes alectinib resistance caused by amphiregulin in a leptomeningeal carcinomatosis model of ALK-rearranged lung cancer, Journal of Thoracic Oncology, published online on January 21, 2020.

Story continues

DOI: 10.1016/j.jtho.2020.01.001

URL: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1556086420300228

About Nano Life Science Institute (WPI-NanoLSI)

Home

Nano Life Science Institute (NanoLSI), Kanazawa University is a research center established in 2017 as part of the World Premier International Research Center Initiative of the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology. The objective of this initiative is to form world-tier research centers. NanoLSI combines the foremost knowledge of bio-scanning probe microscopy to establish 'nano-endoscopic techniques' to directly image, analyze, and manipulate biomolecules for insights into mechanisms governing life phenomena such as diseases.

About Kanazawa University

http://www.kanazawa-u.ac.jp/e/

As the leading comprehensive university on the Sea of Japan coast, Kanazawa University has contributed greatly to higher education and academic research in Japan since it was founded in 1949. The University has three colleges and 17 schools offering courses in subjects that include medicine, computer engineering, and humanities.

The University is located on the coast of the Sea of Japan in Kanazawa a city rich in history and culture. The city of Kanazawa has a highly respected intellectual profile since the time of the fiefdom (1598-1867). Kanazawa University is divided into two main campuses: Kakuma and Takaramachi for its approximately 10,200 students including 600 from overseas.

Further information

Hiroe Yoneda Vice Director of Public Affairs WPI Nano Life Science Institute (WPI-NanoLSI) Kanazawa University Kakuma-machi, Kanazawa 920-1192, Japan Email: nanolsi-office@adm.kanazawa-u.ac.jpTel: +81-(76)-234-4550

View original content:http://www.prnewswire.com/news-releases/kanazawa-university-research-combined-drug-treatment-for-lung-cancer-and-secondary-tumors-301001822.html

SOURCE Kanazawa University

Originally posted here:

Kanazawa University Research: Combined Drug Treatment for Lung Cancer and Secondary Tumors - Yahoo Finance

Dr. B.R. Ambedkar University Registrar K. Raghu Babu has exhorted budding engineers to concentrate on research and innovative project designs to meet the needs of the generations to come.

Dr. Raghu Babu, who attended as the chief guest for the Inquest-2k20, a two-day technical festival and project expo at Avanthis St. Theresa Institute of Engineering and Technology, Garividi, on Monday, said there were ample opportunities for further research in nano technology, bio-technology and information technology.

Dr. Raghu Babu said the tech fests of this kind would make the youth think innovative and come with fresh ideas which would pave way for their bright future.

JNTU-Vizianagaram College principal G. Swami Naidu urged the students not to copy the ideas for projects as it would kill their talent.

Garividi Mandal Education Officer P. Rama Rao felt that planning, preparation and presentation were important for students pursuing engineering and polytechnic courses.

Avanti college principal M. Srinivasa Rao and vice-principal and director of the college A. Chandra Sekhara Rao expressed happiness over the exhibition of more than 60 projects of the college students and 90 stalls of the schoolchildren of surrounding areas of Garividi.

Solar power enabled cycle, remote controlled grass cutter, Wi-Fi facility for operation of agriculture motor pump sets, intelligent traffic management for emergency vehicles, including ambulances, spying spider robot, railway track damage detection mechanism and other projects were displayed at expo.

Vizianagaram Polytechnic College head of general section L.Vijaya Lakshmi lauded the new ideas of the students while saying that many of them were environment-friendly and would be useful for everyone.

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Budding engineers told to think innovatively - The Hindu

Proteins are a large group of nitrogenous compounds with high molecular weight, which play an important role in the physiological process and are essential for living organisms. They are composed of one or more chains of amino acids linked by peptide bonds in a particular order to establish the base sequence of nucleotide in the DNA coding for the protein. Each protein has a precise function and is essential for the regulation, functioning, and structure of the bodys cell tissue and organ. Protein engineering is the process of developing valuable proteins or enzyme with a specific function. It is based on the use of the recombinant DNA technology for changing the amino acid sequence. It is used to produce enzyme in large quantities, for producing biological compounds, and to create a superior enzyme to catalyze the production of high value specific chemicals.

Currently, various protein engineering methods are owing to the rapid development in biological science. Some of the methods used for protein engineering are rational design, site directed mutagenesis, random mutagenesis, homology modeling, cell surface display technology, molecular dynamics, and DNA shuffling technology. Mutagenesis and selection are effectively utilized for improving a specific property of an enzyme.

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Meanwhile, the rational design approach is the most classical method in the protein engineering market. It involves site-directed mutagenesis of the protein and allows introduction of specific amino acid into a target gene. Protein engineering has a variety of applications ranging from biocatalysis in food application, to medical, nano-biotechnology, and environmental applications. It is used in the detergent industry, food industry, biopolymer production, applications involving redox proteins and enzymes, medical applications, environmental applications, and nano-biotechnology applications. In medical applications, protein engineering is used for cancer treatment studies.

North America dominates the global market for protein engineering due to the rising prevalence of lifestyle associated diseases and increasing adoption of protein based drugs in the region. Asia Pacific is expected to exhibit high growth rates in the next five years in the global protein engineering market, with China and India being the fastest-growing markets in Asia Pacific. The key driving forces for the protein engineering market in developing countries are the large pool of patients, increasing health care awareness, increasing health care expenditure, rising government initiatives, and rising funding for drug discovery in the region.

Increasing prevalence of lifestyle associated diseases, growing adoption of protein based drugs over non protein based drugs, rising funding for protein engineering, reduction in overall timeline and cost for drug discovery, increase in health care expenditure, and growing health care awareness are some of the key factors that are driving the growth of the global protein engineering market. However, high maintenance, high cost of tools and instruments used in protein engineering, need for qualified researchers and essential training, which increases the cost of the process, and lack of skilled labor act as major restraints for the growth of the global protein engineering market.

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Top selling biologics drugs going off patent in the near future, and protein therapy acting as an alternative to gene therapy are the two major factors that are expected to create opportunities for the global protein engineering market.

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Adoption Scenario of Protein Engineering Market to Remain Positive Through 2015 2021 - Lake Shore Gazette

Recent outbreaks of the novel coronavirus have emphasized the importance of quarantine and prevention more than ever. When monitoring changes in our body, body temperature is first measured. So, it is very significant to measure the temperature accurately and promptly. With this regard, a research team recently developed a stretchable and crumpling polymer ionic conductor to realize a thermal sensor that could measure body temperature by simple contacts such as wearing clothes or shaking hands and an actuator that could control movements of artificial muscle.

To solve these problems, the research team designed a P (SPMA-r-MMA) polymers with different ratios of ionic side chain and chemically linked ionic materials with polymer chains. When making an ionic conductor, it is critical to have a solution process at room temperature. So, the newly developed polymer ionic conductor was processed with water as a solvent and covered with thin film. The process was much simpler than the conventional ones and it did not use toxic solvent and could be mass-produced.

The chemically linked ionic conductor was thermally stable and stretchable. Also, it was self-healable that could recover its structures when it was ripped or broken. The research team used this ionic conductor to realize an actuator thermally stable up to 100C and a flexible thermal sensor applicable to a body for the first time.

Junwoo Lee who performed the research said, "This is the first example of developing a polymer ionic conductor, which is used in a next-generation stretchable device, by facilitating a water solvent instead of a toxic chemical solvent. The polymer ionic conductor that we developed this time is stretchable, self-healable and thermally stable. For this reason, we anticipate that our research will impact greatly on the stretchable wearable electronic device industry."

Top image: Pixabay

Excerpt from:

A Thermometer can be Stretched and Crumpled by Water - Printed Electronics World

SOLANA BEACH, Calif. (PRWEB) February 12, 2020

alwaysAI, a software company dedicated to making computer vision (CV) accessible to all developers with its innovative and easy-to-use platform, announced today that its beta program is open for all software developers to quickly create and deploy CV applications on the edge.

The move builds on the momentum of its recent private beta program, which attracted more than 1,600 developers since it opened in October 2019.

We see enormous interest in computer vision and how it can drive new value for enterprise applications and developers it makes AI and IoT come alive in the real world, said Marty Beard, co-founder and CEO of alwaysAI. We love evangelizing the value of this exciting new technology, and I believe we are fundamentally changing the way developers create, prototype and deploy computer vision applications at the edge.

Developers, from beginners to experts alike, are encouraged to open their free account at http://www.alwaysai.co and start creating, prototyping and deploying CV apps on ARM-based devices including cameras, drones, wearables, industrial monitoring equipment and transportation units.

Making Development Easy

In the open beta, developers get immediate access to a growing, searchable catalog of pre-trained computer vision models, a full set of CV primitives including image classification, object detection, tracking, counting, face detection and now human pose estimation and semantic segmentation, as well as an expanding array of supported edge environments.

In addition, developers get an open channel of communication with alwaysAIs rapidly growing developer community and direct access to the engineering team.

alwaysAIs accessible and user-friendly platform enables developers to create and deploy computer vision applications in three simple steps:

And with alwaysAI, inferencing happens on the edge, so there is lower latency and no required cloud hosting or inference charges a significant cost and time savings.

Growing Demand from Developers

Co-founders Marty Beard and Steve Griset started alwaysAI with the intention to democratize computer vision and help all enterprise developers leverage CV in practical and affordable ways.

We have seen communications like messaging and speech get automated and proliferated across a wide variety of end-points. But vision arguably the most powerful human attribute has simply been too difficult for technologists to implement and deploy, Beard said. With the open beta program, we are broadening access and offering new features that make it even easier and more powerful for the everyday developer.

Developers from a wide variety of backgrounds and industries agree:

New Computer Vision Features

alwaysAIs computer vision software is now available on NVIDIAs Jetson systems. The combination of alwaysAI's software and NVIDIA's Jetson hardware will provide intelligent sight to devices that run autonomous machines, smart cities, retail services and other advanced computer vision applications.

NVIDIAs Jetson Nano is a small, powerful computer that lets a developer run multiple neural networks in parallel for applications like image classification, object detection, segmentation and speech processing. The Jetson Nano is the ideal platform for creating high-performance deep learning, computer vision projects at the edge.

The alwaysAI platform also makes it easy to build, test and deploy computer vision applications for autonomous driving applications, including a pedestrian and bicyclist detector equipped with semantic segmentation. Autonomous vehicles need to determine how far away pedestrians and bicyclists are, as well as their intentions.

With semantic segmentation, detections are done pixel-by-pixel, rather than with bounding boxes. In certain scenarios like foot and bicycle traffic in bustling urban areas the autonomous vehicle needs much more detailed information about the exact location of a pedestrian or a bicyclist. alwaysAI makes that fast and easy.

In opening up the beta, alwaysAI carefully listened to its growing developer base, offering more of the powerfully optimized tools they want. The alwaysAI platform recently released an easy-to-deploy image for both Raspberry Pi 3B+ and the Raspberry Pi 4. Enterprise software developers and hobbyists alike are tapping into the alwaysAI platform to get their edge computer vision projects up and running.

alwaysAI is an awesome product ... it makes computer vision development on the edge simple, said Tomas Migone, hardware hacker in residence at balena. The tools are easy to use, and the documentation is straightforward. Developing with alwaysAI is a great experience. I'm looking forward to continuing using it for computer vision projects.

For more information about alwaysAI, or to join the companys open beta program, visit http://www.alwaysai.co.

About alwaysAI:

alwaysAI (http://www.alwaysai.co) brings deep learning computer vision to embedded and IoT devices. By providing a professional catalog of pre-trained models, innovative set of computer vision APIs, and growing array of supported edge environments, alwaysAI accelerates the time it takes to get a computer vision app up and running. Based in San Diego, alwaysAI is led by a team of technology veterans who are passionate about democratizing access to computer vision. Co-founders Marty Beard and Steve Griset have more than 40 years of combined experience in enterprise software, mobility, cloud applications and cybersecurity.

Media ContactStephanie CasolaalwaysAI Marketing Manager stephanie.casola@alwaysai.co858-692-6075

View original post here:

alwaysAI now open to meet growing demand from computer vision developers - PR Web

The Digital Servo Press market research encompasses an exhaustive analysis of the market outlook, framework, and socio-economic impacts. The report covers the accurate investigation of the market size, share, product footprint, revenue, and progress rate. Driven by primary and secondary researches, the Digital Servo Press market study offers reliable and authentic projections regarding the technical jargon.

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Taxonomy

This research study of the global Nano GPS chipset market provides detailed analysis of different segments of the market. Based on sensitivity, the market has been segmented into 165 dBm & above and below 165 dBm. The 165 dBm & above segment is expected to expand at a rapid pace throughout the forecast period. Based on application, the Nano GPS Chipset Market has been divided into smartphones, wearable, unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs), asset tracking, personal digital assistants, automotive, and others.

Global Nano GPS Chipset Market: Research Methodology

Secondary research sources that are typically referred to include, but are not limited to: company websites, annual reports, financial reports, broker reports, investor presentations, SEC filings, internal and external proprietary databases, relevant patent and regulatory databases, national government documents, statistical databases, market reports, news articles, press releases, webcasts specific to companies operating in the market, national government documents, and statistical databases.

Primary research involves e-mail interactions, telephonic interviews, and face-to-face interviews for each market segment and sub-segment across geographies. Primary interviews are conducted on an ongoing basis with market participants and commentators in order to validate the data and analysis. Primary interviews provide firsthand information on the market size, market trends, growth trends, competition landscape, and market outlook. These help validate and strengthen secondary research findings. They also help develop the analysis teams market expertise and understanding.

Global Nano GPS Chipset Market: Competition Dynamics

The report covers well-established market players including Broadcom, OriginGPS Ltd., Qualcomm Technologies, Inc., Unicore Communications, Inc., and MediaTek, Inc. These players are engaged in the development of Nano GPS chipsets and their introduction in the market. For instance, in March 2017, OriginGPS Ltd announced release of its new ORG-4500-series GPS module in order to meet the demand for high precision from consumers in commercial, engineering, and defense sectors

The global Nano GPS chipset market has been segmented as follows:

Global Nano GPS Chipset Market, by Sensitivity

Global Nano GPS Chipset Market, by Application

Global Nano GPS Chipset Market, by Region

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Consumer Demand for Eco-friendly Products Set to Boost the Prospects of the Digital Servo Press Market 2019 2027 - Redhill Local Councillors

International Day of Women and Girls in Science celebrated

Rawalpindi : Fatima Jinnah Women University (FJWU) organised different activities to mark the International Day of Women and Girls in Science here on Tuesday in the University's premises.

In order to achieve full and equal access to and participation in science for women and girls, and further achieve gender equality and the empowerment of women and girls, the United Nations General Assembly adopted resolution A/RES/70/212 declaring 11 February as the International Day of Women and Girls in Science.

The Susan B. Anthony Reading Room (SBARR), FJWU organised a video conferencing session with Afghanistan (Lincoln Learning Corner, Sharana) on topic of Challenges faced by Women and Girls in the Field of Science in the context of Pakistan & Afghanistan. It was an open session in which students and faculty members from both sides shared their opinions about the challenges faced by women scientists. Further to this, the faculty and students from the Department of Environmental Sciences gave brief presentation about their Laboratories, ongoing projects and lab facilities.

The Department has multiple functioning highly sophisticated labs including microbiology and biotechnology lab, nano technology lab, material and environmental chemistry labs, waste management and plant conservation lab. Different students are working on their PhD projects in these labs under the supervision of very competent female Pakistani women scientists.

Vice Chancellor Dr. Saima Hamid said that University is working towards Women Empowerment by providing world class technical facilities to local female scientists. The students from the Department of Physics also demonstrated their project Physics lab on wheels on the occasion. This project Physics Lab on Wheel is a brainchild of worthy Vice Chancellor Dr. Saima Hamid for the promotion of STEM (Science, Technology, and Engineering Mathematics) among the students of Government Schools from grade 1 to 8. This project leader is Dr. Waqar Mahmood (Head Department of Physic). He is working in coordination with his faculty and students on this project. Objective of this project is to provide students with facilities to perform and understand basic concept of Physics.

Another major goal for this project is to enhance the interest of government school students in science subjects. Almost all basic physics experiment can be performed with the help of apparatus available in this mobile physics lab. This special lab can move to distant areas to train government teachers and students who dont have the facility to practice science experiments.

Continued here:

International Day of Women and Girls in Science celebrated - The News International

A US researcher has filed a provisional patent for a nanoparticle device that apparently eats away from the inside out atherosclerotic plaques that cause heart attacks.

And the man behind the device expects to start marketing it for sale by the end of the year.

Dr Bryan Smith, associate professor of biomedical engineering at Michigan State University, in collaboration with scientists from Stanford University, has created what he calls a Trojan horse nanoparticle that can be directed to eat debris, reducing and stabilising plaque.

Plaque or fatty deposits are made up of cholesterol, a variety of fatty substances, cellular waste products, calcium and fibrin, a clotting factor in the blood.

Plaque causes lesions in the artery wall. Branching points and bends in the artery are especially prone to atherosclerotic lesion development.

But plaque buildup formally known as atherosclerosis isnt simply a matter of fat gathering into a lump that becomes a blockage.

In fact, it can be regarded as a chronic inflammatory condition.

Atherosclerosis depends on a complex relationship with an immune cell type called a macrophage. These are white blood cells formed in response to an infection or accumulating damaged or dead cells.

Pro-inflammatory macrophages play an important role in the initiation and the progression of the plaque.

Within a lesion, macrophages take up large amounts of cholesterol and this in turn exacerbates lesion formation and fat deposits.

Hence, macrophages promote formation of complicated and unstable plaques by maintaining a pro-inflammatory microenvironment.

At the same time, anti-inflammatory macrophages contribute to tissue repair and remodelling and plaque stabilisation.

The idea is that a solution containing the nanoparticles will be introduced to a patient intravenously, proceeding to flow through their bloodstream.

According to a statement from Michigan State University, the new nanoparticle contains single-walled carbon nanotubes that are loaded with an SHP1 inhibitor and this is directly targeted at pro-inflammatory macrophages that feature an SHP1 signalling pathway.

This pathway stops the macrophages from consuming apoptotic (dead) cells and cell debris, which actually make up the core of plaque deposits.

With the SHP1 pathway shut down, however, the macrophages are triggered to eat the plaque.

In other words, they cause the plaques to eat themselves from the inside out, thus reducing their size and stabilising their growth, the university says.

Dr Smith said future clinical trials on the nanoparticle are expected to reduce the risk of most types of heart attacks, with minimal side effects due to the unprecedented selectivity of the nano-drug.

We found we could stimulate the macrophages to selectively eat dead and dying cells these inflammatory cells are precursor cells to atherosclerosis that are part of the cause of heart attacks, Dr Smith said.

We could deliver a small molecule inside the macrophages to tell them to begin eating again.

Excerpt from:

New nano-device eats the plaque that clogs arteries: On market this year - The New Daily

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Beating the Heat in the Living Wings of Butterflies

Columbia engineers and Harvard biologists discover that butterflies have specialized behaviors and wing scales to protect the living parts of their wings; nanostructures found in the wing scales could inspire the design of radiative-cooling materials to help manage excessive heat conditions; sensory network in the wings could inspire the design of advanced flying machines.

Newswise New York, NYJanuary 28, 2020A new study from Columbia Engineering and Harvard identified the critical physiological importance of suitable temperatures for butterfly wings to function properly, and discovered that the insects exquisitely regulate their wing temperatures through both structural and behavioral adaptations.

Contrary to common belief that butterfly wings consist primarily of lifeless membranes, the new study demonstrated that they contain a network of living cells whose function requires a constrained range of temperatures for optimal performance. Given their small thermal capacity, wings can overheat rapidly in the sun when butterflies cease flight, and they can cool down too much during flight in a cold environment. The study, published online today by Nature Communications, is the first to explore the implications of temperature in shaping the wing structure and behavior of butterflies.VIDEO: https://youtu.be/_J-uXQ6D8vQ

Butterfly wings are essentially vector light-detecting panels by which butterflies can accurately determine the intensity and direction of sunlight, and do this swiftly without using their eyes, says Nanfang Yu, associate professor of applied physics at Columbia Engineering and co-PI of the study.

The team, which was co-led by Naomi E. Pierce, Hessel Professor of Biology in the department of organismic and evolutionary biology, and Curator of Lepidoptera at the Museum of Comparative Zoology, Harvard, used their expertise in biology and optics to make a number of significant discoveries. By carefully removing the wing scales to enable them to peer into the interior of the wings, and by staining the neurons found within the wing, they found that butterfly wings are loaded with a network of mechanical and temperature sensors. The living tissues in the wings are actively supplied by circulatory and tracheal systems throughout the adult lifetimein the case of painted lady butterflies, for more than three weeks.

They also discovered a wing heart that beats a few dozen times per minute to facilitate the directional flow of insect blood or hemolymph through a scent pad or an androconial organ located on the wings of some species of butterflies.

Most of the research on butterfly wings has focused on colors used in signaling between individuals, says Pierce. This work shows that we should reconceptualize the butterfly wing as a dynamic, living structure rather than as a relatively inert membrane. Patterns observed on the wing may also be shaped in important ways by the need to modulate temperatures of living parts of the wing.

Yus lab designed a noninvasive technique based on infrared hyperspectral imaging, with each pixel of an image representing one infrared spectrum, that enabled them to makefor the first timeaccurate measurements of the temperature distributions over butterfly wings. This has been difficult to do until now, Pierce notes, because of the thinness and delicacy of butterfly wings.

This imaging technique enables us to examine physical adaptations that decouple the wings visible appearance from its thermodynamic properties, Yu adds. We discovered that diverse scale nanostructures and non-uniform cuticle thicknesses create a heterogeneous distribution of radiative coolingheat dissipation through thermal radiationthat selectively reduces the temperature of living structures such as wing veins and scent pads.

The effect of this regional and selective enhancement of thermal radiation was amply demonstrated in the teams thermodynamic experiments on butterfly wings. Experimental conditions that mimic the butterflies natural environment were created in Yus lab, and allowed the researchers to quantify the relative contributions of several environmental factors to the wing temperature. These included the intensity of sunlight, the temperature of the terrestrial environment, and the coldness of the sky, which can serve as an efficient heat sink of thermal radiation from heated wings. The team found that in all simulated environmental conditions, despite diverse visible colors and patterns, the areas of butterfly wings that contain live cells (wing veins and scent pads) are always cooler than the lifeless regions of the wing due to enhanced radiative cooling.

The nanostructures found in the wing scales could inspire the design of radiative-cooling materials to cope with excessive heat conditions, says Cheng-Chia Tsai, a PhD student in Yus group who was lead author of the study.

The researchers conducted a series of behavioral studies of living butterflies from six of the seven recognized butterfly families, to investigate responses to simulated sunlight applied to the wings. The team discovered that the insects use their wings to sense the direction and intensity of sunlightthe main source of warmth or overheatingand to respond with specialized behaviors to prevent overheating or overcooling of their wings. For example, all species studied exhibited a relatively constant trigger temperature of approximately 40oC (104oF), turning within a few seconds to avoid overheating of wings from a small light spot shone upon them.

Yu and Pierce are now conducting a large-scale systematic optical study of the lepidopteran collections in Harvards Museum of Comparative Zoology. These include thousands of individual specimens of hundreds of butterfly species across the entire phylogenetic tree, each specimen with full hyperspectral imaging data taken from the ultraviolet to the mid-infrared.

In 1863, Henry Walter Bates, an English naturalist and explorer, wrote about butterfly wings in his book The Naturalist on the River Amazons, On these expanded membranes Nature writes, as on a tablet, the story of the modifications of species Just like deciphering enigmatic symbols on a tablet, the team hopes to gain a comprehensive understanding of the wing coloration and pattern, which are the results of many (and often conflicting) biological and physical factors: sexual selection, warning coloration, mimicry, camouflage, and thermoregulation.

Each wing of a butterfly is equipped with a few dozen mechanical sensors that provide real-time feedback to enable complex flying patterns, Yu says. This is an inspiration for designing the wings of flying machines: perhaps wing design should not be solely based on considerations of flight dynamics, and wings designed as an integrated sensory-mechanical system could enable flying machines to perform better in complex aerodynamic conditions.

About the Study

The study is titled Physical and Behavioral Adaptations to Prevent Overheating of the Living Wings of Butterflies.

Authors are: Cheng-Chia Tsai 1; Richard A. Childers 2; Norman Nan Shi 1; Crystal Ren 1; Julianne N. Pelaez 2; Gary D. Bernard 3; Naomi E. Pierce 2, 4; and Nanfang Yu 1.1 Department of Applied Physics and Applied Mathematics, Columbia Engineering2 Department of Organismic and Evolutionary Biology, Harvard University3 Department of Electrical Engineering, University of Washington4 Museum of Comparative Zoology, Harvard University Currently at Department of Integrative Biology, University of California, Berkeley4 Currently at Western Digital

The study was supported by the National Science Foundation (no. PHY-1411445 awarded to N. Yu and N. Pierce, no. DEB-0447242 awarded to N. Pierce), and the Air Force Office of Scientific Research (no. FA9550-14-1-0389 through the Multidisciplinary University Research Initiative program and no. FA9550-16-1-0322 through the Defense University Research Instrumentation Program awarded to N. Yu). R. A. Childers was supported by the Graduate Research Fellowship Program of the National Science Foundation. Measurements were carried out in part at the Center for Functional Nanomaterials, Brookhaven National Laboratory, which is supported by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, under contract DE-SC0012704.

The authors declare no competing interests.

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LINKS:Paper:https://nature.com/articles/s41467-020-14408-8DOI: 10.1038/s41467-020-14408-8VIDEO: https://youtu.be/_J-uXQ6D8vQhttp://engineering.columbia.edu/https://www.nature.com/ncomms/https://engineering.columbia.edu/faculty/nanfang-yuhttps://apam.columbia.edu/https://piercelab.oeb.harvard.edu/people/naomi-pierce

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Columbia Engineering

Columbia Engineering, based in New York City, is one of the top engineering schools in the U.S. and one of the oldest in the nation. Also known as The Fu Foundation School of Engineering and Applied Science, the School expands knowledge and advances technology through the pioneering research of its more than 220 faculty, while educating undergraduate and graduate students in a collaborative environment to become leaders informed by a firm foundation in engineering. The Schools faculty are at the center of the Universitys cross-disciplinary research, contributing to the Data Science Institute, Earth Institute, Zuckerman Mind Brain Behavior Institute, Precision Medicine Initiative, and the Columbia Nano Initiative. Guided by its strategic vision, Columbia Engineering for Humanity, the School aims to translate ideas into innovations that foster a sustainable, healthy, secure, connected, and creative humanity.

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Beating the Heat in the Living Wings of Butterflies - Newswise