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Chemistry Conferences | Chemistry Meetings | UK | Europe …

Posted on June 28, 2017 by ev1

Sessions/Tracks

Track 1: Organic Chemistry

Organic Chemistryresearch involves the synthesis of organic molecules and the study of their reaction paths, interactions, and applications. Advanced interests include diverse topics such as the development of new synthetic methods for the assembly of complex organic molecules andpolymeric materials, organometallic catalysis, organocatalysis, the synthesis of natural and non-natural products with unique biological and physical properties, structure and mechanistic analysis,natural productbiosynthesis,theoretical chemistryand molecular modelling, diversity-oriented synthesis, and carbohydrate synthesis.

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3rdWorldChemistryConference, September 11-12, 2017 Dallas, USA; 2ndInternational Conference and Exhibition onMaterials Chemistry, July 13-14, 2017 Berlin, Germany; 3rd International Conference onOrganic&Inorganic Chemistry, July 24-26, 2017 Chicago, Illinois, USA; InternationalConference onPolymer ChemistryNovember 14-16, 2016 Atlanta, USA;Organic ProcessResearch and Development, 06 - 08 March 2017, Pasadena, USA; The Scale-Up ofChemical Processes, 19 - 20 June 2017, Rochester, USA; Asia Pacific Hybrid andOrganic PhotovoltaicsConference (AP-HOPV17), 03 - 04 February 2017, Yokohama, Japan; 13th Winter Conference onMedicinal and Bioorganic Chemistry, 22 - 26 January 2017, Steamboat Springs, USA;Natural Products & Bioactive Compounds, July 29-30, 2017, USA

Related Societies

Royal Society of Chemistry, United Kingdom; European Chemical Society; Society of Chemical Industry, European Union; Hong Kong Chemical Society, Hongkong;Hungarian Chemical Society, Hungary;Indian Chemical Society, India; ;International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry, USA;Italian Chemical Society, Italy; Swedish Chemical Society, Sweden;Royal Australian Chemical Institute, Australia;Socit Chimique de France, France;Royal Netherlands Chemical Society, Netherlands; Chemical Research Society of India, India; Japan Association for International Chemical Information, Japan; Norwegian Chemical Society, Norway; The Korean Chemical Society, Korea; Canadian Society for Chemical Technology, Canada; American Society for Mass Spectrometry, USA; Belgian Society of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Belgium; American Institute of Chemists, USA

Track 2:Medicinal Chemistry

Medicinal chemistryhas evolved rapidly into a highly interdisciplinary field, enriched by the collaborative efforts of experts from a wide spectrum of specialist areas, from chemoinformaticians and physical chemists to molecular biologists and pharmacologists.Medicinal chemistryis concerned with the invention, discovery, design, identification and preparation of biologically active compounds, the study of their metabolism, the interpretation of their mode of action at the molecular level and the construction of structure-activity relationships.FutureMedicinal chemistryprovides a monthly point of access to commentary and debate for this ever-expanding and diversifying community.

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InternationalConference onMedicinal ChemistryandComputer Aided Drug Designing ConferenceDecember 05-07, 2016 Phoenix, Arizona, USA; International Conference onMaterials ChemistryJuly 13-14, 2017 Berlin, Germany; 2ndInternationalConference onClinical Chemistry December 11-13, 2017 Jackson Ville, USA; InternationalEuropean Chemistry CongressMay 11-13, 2017 Barcelona, Spain; Blue Danube Symposium onHeterocyclic Chemistry2017, 30th August - 2nd September 2017, Linz, Austria; The 3rd Mediterranean Symposium onMedicinal and Aromatic Plants(MESMAP-3), 13 - 16 April 2017, Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus;Asia Pacific Hybrid andOrganic PhotovoltaicsConference (AP-HOPV17), 03 - 04 February 2017, Yokohama, Japan; 13th Winter Conference onMedicinal and Bioorganic Chemistry, 22 - 26 January 2017, Steamboat Springs, USA;Natural Products & Bioactive Compounds, July 29-30, 2017, USA

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Track 3: Analytical Chemistry

Analytical chemistryis a branch of modern chemistry of special social importance, which affects numerous areas of contemporary life, welfare and safety of societies, progress in all fields of modern technologies. Thorough presence of chemical analysis in all areas of human activity, includes first of all control functions of chemical analysis, namely control of materials of all fabricated items and devices, control of effects of the civilisation development on natural environment, indispensable support of clinical diagnostics, or prevention of terrorist attacks. The progress ofmaterial science,which is essential for development of all areas of technology significantly depends on abilities, and technical possibilities of the most precise and accurate control of the chemical composition of materials and in fact it is the main purpose and goal of chemical analysis, and the subject of its improvement in scientific research in the field ofanalytical chemistry.

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Track 4: Green Chemistryand Renewable Resources

Green chemistryis the utilization of a set of principles that reduces or eliminates the use or generation of hazardous substances in the design, manufacture and application of chemical products. It is not a new branch of science. It is a new philosophical approach that through application and extension of the principles of green chemistry can contribute sustainable development.Green chem
istryis essential in developing the alternatives for energy generation (hydrogen cell, fuels cells, biofuels, etc.). As well as continue the path toward energy efficiency with catalysis and product at the forefront. By the help of green chemistry the approaches towards therenewable resourcescan be made increasingly viable technologically and economically. There is a wide range of renewable feed stocks including trees, grasses, shrubs, marine resources wastes which is used for developing new, sustainable, low environmental impact routes to important chemical products, and biofuels.Renewable resourcesare used whenever possible at the end of their use, non-biodegradable materialsare recycled. Using the environment technology we can conserve the natural environment and curb the negative impacts of human involvement.

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InternationalConference on ElectrochemistryJuly 10-11, 2017 Berlin, German. 2ndInternationalConference and Exhibition on Materials Chemistry, July 13-14, 2017 Berlin, Germany; 2ndInternationalConference on Industrial Chemistry and Water Treatment, May 22-23, 2017 Las Vegas, USA; 5thInternationalConference and Exhibition on Pain Research and ManagementSeptember 04-05, 2017 London, UK; 4thWorldCongress on ChromatographyAugust 07-09, 2017 Rome, Italy;Flow Chemistry ConferenceEurope, February 7-8, 2017 Cambridge, United Kingdom; The International onGreen Chemistry ConferenceMay 16-19, 2017 France 8thInternationalConference on Green and Sustainable Chemistry, July 24-28, 2017, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; 21stAnnualGreen Chemistry ConferenceJune 13-15, 2017, Virginia, USA; Bio-Resources: Feeding aSustainable Chemical Industry Conference, June 19-21, 2017, London, United Kingdom.

Related Societies

Royal Society of Chemistry, United Kingdom;European Chemical Society;Society of Chemical Industry, European Union; Hong Kong Chemical Society, Hongkong;Hungarian Chemical Society, Hungary;Indian Chemical Society, India; ;International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry,USA;Italian Chemical Society, Italy;Swedish Chemical Society, Sweden;Royal Australian Chemical Institute, Australia;Socit Chimique de France, France;Royal Netherlands Chemical Society,Netherlands;Chemical Research Society of India, India;Japan Association for International Chemical Information, Japan;Norwegian Chemical Society, Norway;The Korean Chemical Society, Korea;Canadian Society for Chemical Technology, Canada;American Society for Mass Spectrometry, USA;Belgian Society of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Belgium;American Institute of Chemists, USA

Track 5:Industrialand Engineering Chemistry

Industrial Chemistryis part of applied chemistry that deals with the development, optimization and monitoring of fundamental chemical processes used in industry to produce chemicals and chemical products.The main areas of research and teaching are on thecatalystand process development, mechanical and thermal unit operations and process ofchemical reaction engineering. The Chemical Technology enables efficient production of basic, intermediate and end products.

Industrial chemists make use of their broad understanding of chemistry andenvironmental sustainabilityin areas like pharmaceutical companies,polymer manufacturing, petrochemical processing,food science, and manufacturing industries.

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Royal Society of Chemistry, United Kingdom;European Chemical Society;Society of Chemical Industry, European Union; Hong Kong Chemical Society, Hongkong;Hungarian Chemical Society, Hungary;Indian Chemical Society, India; ;International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry,USA;Italian Chemical Society, Italy;Swedish Chemical Society, Sweden;Royal Australian Chemical Institute, Australia;Socit Chimique de France, France;Royal Netherlands Chemical Society,Netherlands;Chemical Research Society of India, India;Japan Association for International Chemical Information, Japan;Norwegian Chemical Society, Norway;The Korean Chemical Society, Korea;Canadian Society for Chemical Technology, Canada;American Society for Mass Spectrometry, USA;Belgian Society of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Belgium;American Institute of Chemists, USA

Track 6:Agricultural and Food Chemistry

Agricultural chemistswork with food producers to increase yields, improve quality, and reduce costs. They also study the causes and effects ofbiochemical reactionsrelated to plant and animal growth, seek ways to control these reactions, and develop chemical products that provide help in controlling these reactions. Chemical products developed to assist in the production of food, feed, and fibre include herbicides, fungicides, insecticides, plant growth regulators, fertilizers, and animal feed supplements.Agricultural chemistryis most often linked to food and fibre production, specifically for human consumption. Increased agricultural production, in combination with additional resource consumption and waste generation, has causedenvironmental degradation.By understanding key concepts in agricultural chemistry, we can utilize the soil resource to produce an adequate food supply and protect the environment.

Where asfood chemistryencompasses how products change under food processing techniques and ways either to enhance or to prevent them from happening. Food chemistry can be applied in the analysis of dietary content to monitor or improve nutrition, in the determination of contaminants to ensure food safety.Chemical food analysisis used to compare food products that utilize different ingredients, or that are subjected to different processing methods.

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Related Societies:

Royal Society of Chemistry, United Kingdom;European Chemical Society;Society of Chemical Industry, European Union; Hong Kong Chemical Society, Hongkong;Hungarian Chemical Society, Hungary;Indian Chemical Society, India; ;International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry,USA;Italian Chemical Society, Italy;Swedish Chemical Society, Sweden;Royal Australian Chemical Institute, Australia;Socit Chimique de France, France;Royal Netherlands Chemical Society,Netherlands;Chemical Research Society of India, India;Japan Association for International Chemical Information, Japan;Norwegian Chemical Society, Norway;The Korean Chemical
Society, Korea;Canadian Society for Chemical Technology, Canada;American Society for Mass Spectrometry, USA;Belgian Society of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Belgium;American Institute of Chemists, USA.

Track 7:Physical and Theorotical Chemistry

Physical Chemistryis the application of physical principles and measurements to understand the properties of matter, as well as for the development of new technologies for the environment, energy and medicine. Advanced Physical Chemistry topics include differentspectroscopic methods(Raman, ultrafast and mass spectroscopy, nuclear magnetic and electron paramagnetic resonance, x-ray absorption and atomic force microscopy) as well as theoretical and computational tools to provide atomic-level understanding for applications such as:Nano devicesfor bio-detection and receptors, interfacial chemistry of catalysis and implants, electron and proton transfer, protein function, photosynthesis and airborne particles in the atmosphere. It also provides the basis of modern methods of analysis, the determination of structure, and the elucidation of the manner in which chemical reactions occur. To do all this, it draws on two of the great foundations of modern physical science,thermodynamics and quantum mechanics.

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Related Societies:

Royal Society of Chemistry, United Kingdom;European Chemical Society;Society of Chemical Industry, European Union; Hong Kong Chemical Society, Hongkong;Hungarian Chemical Society, Hungary;Indian Chemical Society, India; ;International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry,USA;Italian Chemical Society, Italy;Swedish Chemical Society, Sweden;Royal Australian Chemical Institute, Australia;Socit Chimique de France, France;Royal Netherlands Chemical Society,Netherlands;Chemical Research Society of India, India;Japan Association for International Chemical Information, Japan;Norwegian Chemical Society, Norway;The Korean Chemical Society, Korea;Canadian Society for Chemical Technology, Canada;American Society for Mass Spectrometry, USA;Belgian Society of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Belgium;American Institute of Chemists, USA

Track 8:Marine Chemistry andGeochemistry

Marine Chemistry andGeochemistryconcerns synthetic and geochemical procedures working in a wide scope of study territories: the seas, the strong earth, the climate, marine life forms, polar ice sheets, lakes, shooting stars, and the close planetary system. Sea science, otherwise calledmarine science, is affected by turbidity streams, silt, pH levels, environmental constituents, transformative action, andbiology.

The oceans are vitally important to an understanding of how the Earth works as an integrated system because its chemical composition records transfer of elements through the Earthsgeochemicalreservoirs as well as defining how physical, biological and chemical processes combine to influence issues as diverse as climate change and the capacity of the oceans to remove toxic metals. Much modern marine geochemistry aims to link and integrate studies of the modern oceans with work using proxies to define how ocean chemistry and the ocean/atmospheric system has changed through time on a number of different timescales. Special focus in such work is the carbon cycle and its link to changes ingreenhouse gasesin the atmosphere.

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Track 9:Inorganic Chemistry

Iforganic chemistryis defined as the chemistry of hydrocarbon compounds and their derivatives, inorganic chemistry can be described broadly as the chemistry of "every-thing else." This includes all the remaining elements in the periodic table, as well as carbon, which plays a major role in manyinorganic compounds. Organometallic chemistry, a very large and rapidly growing field, bridges both areas by considering compounds containing direct metal-carbon bonds, and includes catalysis of many organic reactions. Bioinorganic chemistry bridges biochemistry andinorganic chemistry, andenvironmental chemistryinclude the study of both inorganic and organic compounds. As can be imagined, the inorganic chemistry is extremely broad, providing essentially limitless areas for investigation.

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Related Societies

Royal Society of Chemistry, United Kingdom; European Chemical Society; Society of Chemical Industry, European Union; Hong Kong Chemical Society, Hongkong;Hungarian Chemical Society, Hungary;Indian Chemical Society, India; ;International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry, USA;Italian Chemical Society, Italy; Swedish Chemical Society, Sweden;Royal Australian Chemical Institute, Australia;Socit Chimique de France, France;Royal Netherlands Chemical Society, Netherlands; Chemical Research Society of India, India; Japan Association for International Chemical
Information, Japan; Norwegian Chemical Society, Norway; The Korean Chemical Society, Korea; Canadian Society for Chemical Technology, Canada; American Society for Mass Spectrometry, USA; Belgian Society of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Belgium; American Institute of Chemists, USA

Track 10:Environmental Chemistry

Environmental chemistry is a very much focused branch of chemistry, containing aspects of organic chemistry, analytical chemistry,physical chemistryandinorganic chemistry, as well as more diverse areas, such as biology, toxicology, biochemistry, public health and epidemiology. Environmental chemists work in a variety of public, private and government laboratories. One ofenvironmental chemistrys major challenges is the determination of the nature and quantity of specific pollutants in the environment. Thus, chemical analysis is a vital first step in environmental chemistry research.

Environmental chemistryis socially important because it deals with the environmental impact of pollutants, the reduction of contamination and management of the environment.Environmental chemiststudy the behaviour of pollutants and their environmental effects on the air, water and soil environments, as well as their effects on human health and the natural environment..

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Track 11:Forensic Chemistry

Forensic chemistryis a field of chemistry dedicated to the analysis of various substances that might have been used in the commission of a crime.Forensic chemistryinvolves organic and inorganic analysis,toxicology, and serology.Every method of analysis uses specialized techniques and instrumentation. The process may be simple by setting up a density gradient column to compare soil samples or complicated as using a mass spectrometer orneutron activation analysisto characterize an unknown substance. A wide variety of laboratory techniques and instrumentation are used in forensic studies. They include visible,ultraviolet, and infrared spectrophotometry;neutron activation analysis;gas chromatography and mass spectrophotometry; HPLC; and atomic absorption spectrophotometry. The techniques and instrumentation selected depends upon the type of sample or substance to be examined.

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Related Societies

Royal Society of Chemistry, United Kingdom;European Chemical Society;Society of Chemical Industry, European Union; Hong Kong Chemical Society, Hongkong;Hungarian Chemical Society, Hungary;Indian Chemical Society, India; ;International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry,USA;Italian Chemical Society, Italy;Swedish Chemical Society, Sweden;Royal Australian Chemical Institute, Australia;Socit Chimique de France, France;Royal Netherlands Chemical Society,Netherlands;Chemical Research Society of India, India;Japan Association for International Chemical Information, Japan;Norwegian Chemical Society, Norway;The Korean Chemical Society, Korea;Canadian Society for Chemical Technology, Canada;American Society for Mass Spectrometry, USA;Belgian Society of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Belgium;American Institute of Chemists, USA

Track 12:Nano Science and Technology

Nano science and technologyis the branch of science that studies systems and manipulates matter on atomic, molecular and supramolecular scales (the nanometre scale). On such a length scale,quantum mechanicaland surface boundary effects become relevant, conferring properties on materials that are not observable on larger, macroscopic length scales.

Nanotechnology, the manipulation of matter at the atomic and molecular scale to create materials with remarkably varied and new properties, is a rapidly expanding area of research with huge potential to revolutionize our lives and to provide technological solutions to our problems inagriculture, energy, the environment and medicine. In order to fully realize this potential, we need to be able to control the synthesis of nanoparticles, the construction of nano-devices, and the characterization of materials on the nanoscale and to understand the effects of these things onenvironmentand health.

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Related Societies:

Royal Society of Chemistry, United Kingdom;European Chemical Society;Society of Chemical Industry, European Union; Hong Kong Chemical Society, Hongkong;Hungarian Chemical Society, Hungary;Indian Chemical Society, India; ;International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry,USA;Italian Chemical Society, Italy;Swedish Chemical Society, Sweden;Royal Australian Chemical Institute, Australia;Socit Chimique de France, France;Royal Netherlands Chemical Society,Netherlands;Chemical Research Society of India, India;Japan Associa
tion for International Chemical Information, Japan;Norwegian Chemical Society, Norway;The Korean Chemical Society, Korea;Canadian Society for Chemical Technology, Canada;American Society for Mass Spectrometry, USA;Belgian Society of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Belgium;American Institute of Chemists, USA.

Track 13:Natural Product and Biodiversity

Biodiversitythe diversity of living forms has attracted a great deal of interest and concern since biological resources constitute an asset with a great deal of immediate as well as potential benefits for the quality of life. The decline inbiodiversityis largely due to human activities such as drastic transformation of natural landscapes and deforestation. These phenomena cause a serious threat to sustainable development. At present in many industrialized nations, fifty per cent of all prescribed drugs are derived or synthesized fromnatural products, the only available sources are animals, marine, plants, and micro-organisms. It is considered that the structural and biological diversity of their constituents offer a unique and renewable resource for discovering of potential new drugs and biological entities.Medicinal Chemistryresearch on extracts from plants and other living organisms that lead to the discovery of new therapeutic agents can also be an important factor towards maintaining of biodiversity.

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Related Societies

Royal Society of Chemistry, United Kingdom;European Chemical Society;Society of Chemical Industry, European Union; Hong Kong Chemical Society, Hongkong;Hungarian Chemical Society, Hungary;Indian Chemical Society, India; ;International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry,USA;Italian Chemical Society, Italy;Swedish Chemical Society, Sweden;Royal Australian Chemical Institute, Australia;Socit Chimique de France, France;Royal Netherlands Chemical Society,Netherlands;Chemical Research Society of India, India;Japan Association for International Chemical Information, Japan;Norwegian Chemical Society, Norway;The Korean Chemical Society, Korea;Canadian Society for Chemical Technology, Canada;American Society for Mass Spectrometry, USA;Belgian Society of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Belgium;American Institute of Chemists, USA.

Track 14:Polymer Chemistry

Polymer scienceis a so pervasive and relevant discipline in the contemporary scenario that it is unnecessary to spend much word to emphasize its role. As a matter of fact, it has been proposed to designate our time as thepolymerage, to mark its distinction from previous mankind eras dominated by a series of diverse materials (the stone, the bronze, the iron ages) and to remark that our lifestyle would be hardly conceivable without polymers. The advent and the global scale establishment of thepolymer technologyhave shaped the world around us and has profoundly changed its perspectives, as it occurs for any revolutionary technology. Despite the astonishing achievements we have witnessed along the years, many exciting challenges remain to be faced; these are well worth to tackle because of their impact on our everyday life: examples include green polymer chemistry,environmental pollutionissues, polymers for energy storage and delivery.

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Track 15:Materials Chemistry

Materials Chemistrylargely involves the study of chemistry of condensed phases (solids, liquids, polymers) and interfaces between different phases. Because many of these materials have direct technological applications,materials chemistryhas a strong link between basic science and many existing and newly-emerging technologies. While chemistry-focused, theMaterials ChemistryProgram also serves as a bridge between chemistry and the engineering and life sciences.

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Chemistry Conferences | Chemistry Meetings | UK | Europe ...

Auto racing: Chemistry powers Penske – South Bend Tribune

Posted on June 29, 2017 by Fredricko

ELKHART LAKE, Wis. As usual, Helio Castroneves took charge.

Castroneves and Simon Pagenaud came in early for their news conference after a good practice at Road America for the Team Penske drivers. Castroneves, still in his firesuit, picked up the microphone and started moderating the discussion as if he was a veteran announcer.

Youre such a natural, Pagenaud said to laughter. The guy is great.

Chemistry on and off the track has helped fuel Team Penskes IndyCar success. All four Penske drivers are sixth or better in the points race, within 63 or less of leader Scott Dixon.

Between us, yes, we want to kick everybody inside the team, Castroneves said. But we want to give the win, we want to give the championship to Roger (Penske). But we know in the end of the day, working together, racing hard ... but fair, everybodys going to benefit from that.

The three-time Indianapolis 500 winner is a headliner on another impressive IndyCar roster for Penske. Pagenaud is the reigning champion. Will Power is a former series champ.

Josef Newgarden is the new guy after joining Penske in the offseason from tiny Ed Carpenter Racing. Newgarden, who finished fourth in the series last year, is the first American driver on Penskes open-wheel roster since Sam Hornish Jr. in 2007.

The quartet dominated practice and qualifying at Road America last weekend, with Castroneves taking the pole while his teammates filled out the rest of the front row. A large team allows drivers to share information, giving Penske an advantage over teams with fewer cars.

We have on-board cameras, have data, have notes from the session. If you wanted to hide something, you just cant, Power said.

Added Newgarden: Really, its like impossible. No joke. Its 100% impossible to hide anything.

Not that they seem to mind. The addition of Newgarden has appeared to be seamless since he replaced Juan Pablo Montoya. They poked fun at each other all weekend in Wisconsin.

The drivers look like mischievous middle-school boys on a series of lighthearted videos produced by Team Penske. The Penske Games include activities like building a Lego race car ; saying the alphabet backward ; and twirling a hula hoop.

But Dixon spoiled the Penske party after the Chip Ganassi Racing veteran won the Wisconsin race. The series resumes July 9 at Iowa.

Its kind of disappointing that Team Penske didnt get the win here today considering how strong all of the cars were. Thats the way it goes sometimes, Castroneves said. Well come back ready to go for Iowa.

Auto Racing Weekend glance

Schedule: Thursday, practice, 3 p.m. (NBCSN), practice, 5 p.m. (NBCSN); Friday, qualifying, 4:10 p.m. (NBCSN); Saturday, race, 7:30 p.m., NBC.

Track: Daytona International Speedway (oval, 2.5 miles).

Race distance: 400 miles, 160 laps.

Last year: Brad Keselowski won the summer stop at Daytona.

Last week: Kevin Harvick won at Sonoma, his first victory of 2017.

Fast facts: The series returns to Daytona for the first time since the 500 in February, when Kurt Busch emerged as the surprise winner. ... Harvicks win at Sonoma pushed him to third in the standings. Harvick now has a victory, three stage wins and eight playoff points. ... Chase Elliott will be in in the No. 24 Chevrolet for Hendrick Motorsports through 2022 after a four-year contract extension. Elliott heads to Daytona in sixth place overall.

Next race: Quaker State 400, July 8, Kentucky Speedway, Sparta, Kentucky.

COCA-COLA FIRECRACKER 250

Schedule: Thursday, practice, 2 p.m., (NBCSN), practice, 4 p.m., (NBCSN); Friday, qualifying, 2:10 p.m. (NBCSN), race, 7:30 p.m., NBCSN.

Track: Daytona International Speedway (oval, 2.5 miles).

Race distance: 250 miles, 100 laps.

Last year: Aric Almirola took first despite starting 23rd.

Last race: William Byron won in Iowa, his first victory in the series.

Fast facts: Byrons victory at Iowa Speedway wasnt a complete shock considering he had won seven truck events in 2016 including at Iowa. ... Christopher Bell led 252 laps combined between the Xfinity and Truck series last weekend without winning either race. ... Byron joined Ryan Reed and Justin Allgaier as series regulars with wins that all but assure a playoff spot.

Next race: Alsco 300, July 7, Kentucky Motor Speedway, Sparta, Kentucky.

Link:
Auto racing: Chemistry powers Penske - South Bend Tribune

Zendaya and Zac Efron’s Chemistry is on FIRE in the New Greatest … – Seventeen.com

Posted on June 28, 2017 by ev1

Last year, when it was announced that Zendaya and Zac Efron would be starring in the movie musical The Greatest Showman together, Disney Channel stans everywhere lost their collective cool. Because how blessed are we that the Disney Channel gods above saw fit to put two of the biggest Disney stars from two different DC eras in one glorious musical?

The fact that the pair are going to be each other's love interests only made the news even sweeter.

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Last night, the first teaser trailers for the movie dropped, and watching them is going to make you feel like you're cheating on Troy and Gabriella as your ultimate Disney Channel ship. Because let me tell you: You're going to start shipping Zac's character Phillip with the gorgeous trapeze artist Z portrays ON SIGHT.

Check out the moment Phillip sees the angelic, pink-haired trapeze artist for the first time.

Heart eyes for DAYS. Now check them out flying through the air like a couple of angels in love.

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This morning, the whole trailer for the movie dropped and Zendaya looks like a friggin' goddess!

And at some point, Phillip will get burned. Zendaya's character will visit him and sit by his bedside and stare lovingly into his eyes!

I wasn't ready for this love! Prepare for your heart to be stolen and check out the entire trailer below.

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Zendaya and Zac Efron's Chemistry is on FIRE in the New Greatest ... - Seventeen.com

Tournament of Stars: Vandy commits take advantage of chance to build chemistry – USA TODAY High School Sports

Posted on June 28, 2017 by Fredricko

CARY, N.C. Before his high school season at Forsyth Central (Cumming, Ga.) began, Ethan Hankins made a friendly wager with his pitching coach about whether he could keep his walk total under 15 this year.

By the seasons end, hed only managed seven.

The good news, at least for teams at the Tournament of Stars this week, is that, as it stands, Hankins hasnt made any such bets with his future teammates.

Hankins is 1 of 4 Vanderbilt commits suiting up for the Team Brave at the Tournament of Stars, joining Brookwood (Lawrenceville, Ga.) catcher William Banfield V, Knoxville Christian (Knoxville, Tenn.) pitcher Ryder Green and Loretto (Loretto, Ga.) pitcher Ryan Weathers.

In all there are seven future Commodores commits at the event; the most of any other college.

This is a special class that weve got coming in, said Hankins, who is ranked No. 5 overall in the Perfect Game 500. Theres a lot of talent and a lot of great pitching and events like these are a great chance to build chemistry and get to know each other. That can only help us next season.

Banfield, Hankins and Green have built even more camaraderie teaming up in the summer with Team Elite Prime.

Still, that familiarity didnt translate into a win Monday, Team Brave fell to Team Pride 2-1.

Its a process and there are a lot of great players here, Weathers said. Its cool to be able to kind of get a head start on next year and play with these guys now. I definitely feel like weve got the best pitching class in the country.

The Commodores certainly couldve used that pitching a few weeks ago against Oregon State.

Vanderbilt fell to the Beavers in the Super Regionals 9-2, and Banfield thinks that the talented core of players coming in can help the Commodores get to the next level.

Im really confident in the players that weve got coming in, said Banfield, who is ranked No. 6 overall in the Perfect Game 500. Just being here helps us so much; especially with me being a catcher it gives me a lot of knowledge on how Im gonna call the game and getting to know how Ethan and Ryan pitch and their tendencies. This is a big opportunity for all of us.

Be that as it may, Green knows theres a possibility that with MLB Draft decisions looming, the dream class may not all be intact come next season, especially with four players in the Perfect Game 500s Top 10.

Everyone has their own decisions to make, Green said. If all of us come, though, it will be special. Itll be really special.

Follow Jason Jordan on Twitter:@JayJayUSATODAY

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Tournament of Stars: Vandy commits take advantage of chance to build chemistry - USA TODAY High School Sports

What Is Chemistry?

Posted on June 28, 2017 by Fredricko

Chemistry is the study of matter, its properties, how and why substances combine or separate to form other substances, and how substances interact with energy. Many people think of chemists as being white-coated scientists mixing strange liquids in a laboratory, but the truth is we are all chemists.

Doctors, nurses and veterinarians must study chemistry, but understanding basic chemistry concepts is important for almost every profession. Chemistry is part of everything in our lives.

Every material in existence is made up of matter even our own bodies. Chemistry is involved in everything we do, from growing and cooking food to cleaning our homes and bodies to launching a space shuttle. Chemistry is one of the physical sciences that help us to describe and explain our world.

There are five main branches of chemistry, each of which has many areas of study.

Analytical chemistryuses qualitative and quantitative observation to identify and measure the physical and chemical properties of substances. In a sense, all chemistry is analytical.

Physical chemistrycombines chemistry with physics. Physical chemists study how matter and energy interact. Thermodynamics andquantum mechanicsare two of the important branches of physical chemistry.

Organic chemistryspecifically studies compounds that contain the elementcarbon. Carbon has many unique properties that allow it to form complex chemical bonds and very large molecules. Organic chemistry is known as the Chemistry of Life because all of the molecules that make up living tissue have carbon as part of their makeup.

Inorganic chemistrystudies materials such as metals and gases that do not have carbon as part of their makeup.

Biochemistryis the study of chemical processes that occur within living organisms.

Within these broad categories are countless fields of study, many of which have important effects on our daily life. Chemists improve many products, from the food we eat and the clothing we wear to the materials with which we build our homes. Chemistry helps to protect our environment and searches for new sources of energy.

Food science deals with the three biological components of food carbohydrates, lipids and proteins.Carbohydratesare sugars and starches, the chemical fuels needed for our cells to function. Lipids are fats and oils and are essential parts of cell membranes and to lubricate and cushion organs within the body. Because fats have 2.25 times the energy per gram than either carbohydrates or proteins, many people try to limit their intake to avoid becoming overweight. Proteins are complex molecules composed of from 100 to 500 or more amino acids that are chained together and folded into three-dimensional shapes necessary for the structure and function of every cell. Our bodies can synthesize some of the amino acids; however eight of them, theessential amino acids, must be taken in as part of our food. Food scientists are also concerned with the inorganic components of food such as its water content, minerals, vitamins and enzymes.

Food chemists improve the quality, safety, storage and taste of our food. Food chemists may work for private industry to develop new products or improve processing. They may also work for government agencies such as theFood and Drug Administrationto inspect food products and handlers to protect us from contamination or harmful practices. Food chemists test products to supply information used for the nutrition labels or to determine how packaging and storage affects the safety and quality of the food. Flavorists work with chemicals to change the taste of food. Chemists may also work on other ways to improve sensory appeal, such as enhancing color, odor or texture.

Environmental chemists study how chemicals interact with the natural environment. Environmental chemistry is an interdisciplinary study that involves both analytical chemistry and an understanding of environmental science. Environmental chemists must first understand the chemicals and chemical reactions present in natural processes in the soil water and air. Sampling and analysis can then determine if human activities have contaminated the environment or caused harmful reactions to affect it.

Water quality is an important area of environmental chemistry. Pure water does not exist in nature; it always has some minerals or other substance dissolved in it. Water quality chemists test rivers, lakes and ocean water for characteristics such as dissolved oxygen, salinity, turbidity, suspended sediments, and pH. Water destined for human consumption must be free of harmful contaminants and may be treated with additives like fluoride and chlorine to increase its safety.

Agricultural chemistry is concerned with the substances and chemical reactions that are involved with the production, protection and use of crops and livestock. It is a highly interdisciplinary field that relies on ties to many other sciences. Agricultural chemists may work with theDepartment of Agriculture, the Environmental Protection Agency, the Food and Drug Administration or for private industry. Agricultural chemists develop fertilizers, insecticides and herbicides necessary for large-scale crop production. They must also monitor how these products are used and their impacts on the environment. Nutritional supplements are developed to increase the productivity of meat and dairy herds.

Agricultural biotechnology is a fast-growing focus for many agricultural chemists. Genetically manipulating crops to be resistant to the herbicides used to control weeds in the fields requires detailed understanding of both the plants and the chemicals at the molecular level. Biochemists must understand genetics, chemistry and business needs to develop crops that are easier to transport or that have a longer shelf life.

Chemical engineers research and develop new materials or processes that involve chemical reactions. Chemical engineering combines a background in chemistry with engineering and economics concepts to solve technological problems. Chemical engineering jobs fall into two main groups: industrial applications and development of new products.

Industries require chemical engineers to devise new ways to make the manufacturing of their products easier and more cost effective. Chemical engineers are involved in designing and operating processing plants, develop safety procedures for handling dangerous materials, and supervise the manufacture of nearly every product we use. Chemical engineers work to develop new products and processes in every field from pharmaceuticals to fuels and computer components.

Geochemists combine chemistry and geology to study the makeup and interaction between substances found in the Earth. Geochemists may spend more time in field studies than other types of chemists. Many work for the U.S. Geological Survey or the Environmental Protection Agency in determining how mining operations and waste can affect water quality and the environment. They may travel to remote abandoned mines to collect samples and perform rough field evaluations, and then follow a stream through its watershed to evaluate how contaminants are moving through the system. Petroleum geochemists are employed by oil and gas companies to help find new energy reserves. They may also work on pipelines and oil rigs to prevent chemical reactions that could cause explosions or spills.

DeSean Jackson discusses his growing chemistry with Jameis Winston – Bucs Wire

Posted on June 28, 2017 by ev1

Bucs Nation has quite a few reasons why they should be excited for the 2017 NFL season. After a successful free agency and draft, the Bucs are slated to have one of the most talented receiving corps in the league this season thanks to the acquisition of DeSean Jackson, Chris Godwin and O.J. Howard.

Even better news is Winstons chemistry with his receivers is flourishing just in time for the season to kick off, at least his chemistry with Jackson that is.

During Tampa Bays mini camp at One Buc Place, Jackson took a few moments to discuss his relationship with his signal caller. Jackson says hes building a great connection with Winston right now and is excited to showcase that when the Buccaneers take the field in a few short months.

He sees what I am good at doing, Jackson said about building chemistry with Jameis. He doesnt try to change it. He tries to adjust his game to the strength of his teammates.

Jackson added that Winston has a great way of understanding his receivers and what theyre capable of. The same pass he throw to Mike Evans is different from the one he throws to Cameron Brate. Jackson also believes that hes doing a great job of reading his receivers and has improved his accuracy which will pay dividends when the Bucs suit up in pewter and red and take the field this fall.

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Central Park explosion: NYPD looks for suspect with chemistry background, offers reward – amNY

Posted on June 28, 2017 by Danzig

Investigators offered a reward of up to $40,000 on Wednesday for information on last years Central Park explosion that severely injured a Virginia tourist.

The reward comes as tips into the incident have dried up and the NYPD is trying to pinpoint exactly when the device was placed there.

Right now were still missing a lot of answers, we need a lot of information, Chief of Detectives Robert Boyce said, adding police were looking for someone with some kind of chemist background.

The tourist, 18-year-old Connor Golden, had jumped off a rock near 60th Street on the east side of the park at about 10:50 a.m. on July 3, 2016, and stepped onto an explosive device inside a plastic bag. Golden spent several days in the hospital and had to have his leg amputated up to his knee.

Boyce said police believe the device had been in the park for several days before it exploded, but dont know the reason why.

He added there is nothing to indicate this was an act of terrorism. The device did not have a timer and was left about 50 feet from the main road, the NYPDs Deputy Commissioner of Intelligence and Counterterrorism John Miller said.

Boyce said the department has followed through on about 20 tips.

Ashan M. Benedict, the special agent in charge of the New York field division of the Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, Firearms and Explosives, said the agency was looking for photographs park visitors may have taken that could indicate exactly when the device was placed there.

The explosive material was homemade and extremely dangerous, Benedict said. The victim suffered life-altering, traumatic injuries as a result of this explosion, but it could have been just about any visitor to Central Park who was hurt that day.

Boyce said the components used are commercially attainable.

At the time of the explosion, police said they believed the material was made by an explosive hobbyist or an experimenter.

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New lawsuit blames chemical company for illnesses as a result of dumping toxic substances in NF – WIVB.com – News 4

Posted on February 5, 2020 by Danzig

NIAGARA FALLS, N.Y. (WIVB)A new lawsuit filed this week is alleging the City of Niagara Falls and several companies, including Occidental Chemical Corporation, are responsible for illnesses residents face as a result of dumping toxic substances around Love Canal and the surrounding area.

Attorneys representing these residents say their investigation shows just how much Occidental has polluted the City of Niagara Falls and those who live there.

Theyre now seeking justice.

In a 72 page lawsuit, several attorneys representing 56 residents who currently live or previously resided in the city say Occidental Chemical Corporation was reckless and negligent, dumping toxic substances in and around the Love Canal neighborhood.

The lawsuit also alleges the company continues to spread toxins in the surrounding community.

Theyre blaming Occidental, previously known as Hooker Chemical Company, for creating a public health catastrophe. Back in the 1940s, Hooker Chemical was responsible for using Love Canal as its dumpsite for many gallons of toxic waste, leading the city to seal the canal.

The lawsuit states Chemicals have been and continue to be visible to the naked eye on area roads, sidewalks, and grass..In addition to the illness and disease suffered by plaintiffs, the love canal community to this day presents the stigmata of widespread contamination.

According to the lawsuit, residents suffer from several illnesses, including autoimmune diseases and cancer, all caused by toxins in the Love Canal area.

In a statement, one of the attorneys who filed this lawsuit, Melissa Stewart states Occidental has polluted the community and exposed our clients to toxic substancesWe continue to seek justice for our clients.

OxyChem spokesperson Eric Moses shared this response to the lawsuit Tuesday night:

In the nearly eight years sincefirstfiling suit, thePlaintiffs attorneyswho brought thesecases,alleging that the Love Canal landfill remedial system is not working as designed,havefailed tosubstantiatethis claim.Instead of withdrawing these baseless lawsuits, Plaintiffs attorneys are nowseeking to addcompletely new and unrelated claims about OxyChems other Niagara Falls historic operations that are equallymeritless. There is no credible evidence in these claims that OxyChems operations have caused these alleged injuries.

New York State health officials have continuously reviewed and monitored all of OxyChem sites, including Love Canal, have not raised any concerns over the operations or remedial activities.Further, the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA)and theNew York State Department of Environmental Conservation, since the 1980s, have conducted hundreds of site visits, analyzed decades of dataandpublished dozens of annualreports, concluding that the facilities are operating as designed and within the terms of their permits.

OxyChemcontinues to becommitted to the health and safety of the Niagara Falls communityand will vigorously defend itself against these spurious claims.

Chemistry focus: Nanocellulose in water purification – Open Access Government

Posted on February 27, 2020 by Danzig

Water purification technologies are becoming of increasing importance in modern society. Various innovative solutions are being developed by businesses to address the issue of water purification. Intellectual property such as patents can be used to help these organisations gain an upper hand over their competitors.

Water purification processes are essential for the provision of an adequate supply of drinking water for the worlds population. Water purification is also important in various industries such as chemical, pharmaceutical and wastewater management. It is estimated that of the millions of people that die around the world each year from infections such as diarrheal disease, a large number of these infections could have been prevented by access to safe drinking water (1).

Filtration is a key technology used in water purification. In recent years, there has been an increasing interest in using nanomaterials in membranes for water filtration, which are considered attractive due to their larger surface area compared to bulk particles. The surfaces of many nanomaterials can also be modified by chemical treatment, enabling the nanomaterial to be tailored for removal of a particular contaminant. A nanomaterial is typically understood to be composed of particles that have at least one dimension of 1 nm-100 nm in size. Numerous types of nanomaterials have been studied for potential use in water purification processes, including nanocellulose, carbon nanotubes, graphene and its derivatives, and dendritic polymers (2).

Of these materials, nanocellulose has attracted considerable attention since it is an abundant renewal material, derived from cellulose the most abundant naturally occurring polymer on earth. It is produced by and can be extracted from a great many plants and is also chemically inert with good mechanical strength, meaning it is suitable for use in filtration membranes. Nanocellulose has an abundance of hydroxyl groups upon its surface. This property, along with its large surface area, enables nanocellulose to be chemically treated in a variety of different ways so as to have an affinity towards a particular contaminant or pollutant that it is desired to remove during water purification (2, 3, 4).

Examples of nanocellulose surface modification include carboxylation, sulfonation, phosphorylation and esterification of the nanocellulose surfaces. The surface modification is selected based upon the contaminant desired to be removed from the water. For example, negatively charged functional groups such as carboxylate and sulphate groups can be introduced if it is desired to remove positively charged contaminants from the water (such as various toxic metal ions). Similarly, positively charged functional groups can be introduced if it is desired to remove negatively charged contaminants. It has also been possible to remove organic pollutants such as dyes, pharmaceuticals, oils and pesticides from water with nanocellulose functionalised with hydrophobic groups that have an affinity for these molecules (3).

Nanocellulose exists as cellulose nanocrystal (CNC) or cellulose nanofibers (CNF). CNF is composed of cellulose fibrils that are typically from 2 nm 20 nm in width, with a much longer length. CNC is composed of nanoparticles that are shorter in length than the CNF fibres(3). Preparation of nanocellulose filtration membranes typically involves extracting cellulose from plants before chemically treating the cellulose and then membrane formation. Conventional techniques for nanocellulose extraction involve using technologies known in the paper industry. However, there have been significant advances in the last decade in nanocellulose extraction: a key development was the use of TEMPO (2, 2, 6, 6-tetramethylpiperidine-1-oxyl radical)-mediated oxidation of wood cellulose. The method is described in Isogai et al (5) and involves TEMPO-mediated oxidation of wood cellulose in water to produce cellulose nanofibers containing C6 carboxylate groups. In this method, the negatively charged carboxylate groups formed by the oxidation electrostatically repel each other, causing the fibres to separate upon gentle mechanical disintegration. The method thus involves both extraction and surface modification of the nanocellulose.

Methods such as those discussed above typically involve extracting and pre-treating the cellulose before the TEMPO-oxidation and subsequent mechanical homogenisation. A different and more recent approach is discussed in Sharma et al.(6) in which a nitro-oxidation method was developed to prepare carboxylated CNF directly from untreated plant material by treating the plant material with nitric acid or sodium nitrite. The method is believed to be a more economical process since it requires less processing steps (4).

For nanocellulose-based filtration technology to be commercially implemented on a large scale, cost-efficient processing routes of surface modified nanocellulose must continue to be developed. It will also be necessary to continue to investigate the selectivity of nanocellulose-based membranes for a variety of different pollutants and contaminants, which will likely require further development of the surface modification technologies discussed above (3).

For enterprises involved in commercialising nanocellulose-based membrane technology, protecting their innovations in this rapidly developing field will be vital for gaining a competitive advantage. Patents enable businesses to prevent competitors from using the patented technologies in the jurisdictions in which they are in force and can also be used to generate revenue by licencing patented technology to third parties. Patents could be directed to novel processes for the extraction of nanocellulose from plants, synthetic routes to surface modify the nanocellulose, or new methods of membrane fabrication. Similarly, patents can protect new forms of surface modified nanocellulose, or new filtration membrane structures (e.g. hybrid membranes containing nanocellulose and other materials).

References

(1) Combating Waterborne Diseases at the Household Level, World Health Organization. 2007. Part 1. ISBN 978-92-4-159522-3.

(2) Nanoscale Materials in Water Purification, Thomas et al., Elsevier, 2019.

(3) Nanocellulose-based materials for water purification, Voisin et al., Nanomaterials, 2017, 7, 57.

(4) Chemistry: Sustainable water purification solutions from underutilised biomass, https://www.openaccessgovernment.org/sustainable-water-purification/74400/

(5) TEMPO-oxidized cellulose nanofibers, Isogai et al., Nanoscale 2011, 3, 71 to 85.

(6) A simple approach to prepare carboxycellulose nanofibers from untreated biomass, Sharma et al., Biomacromolecules, 18 (8), 2333-2342, 2017.

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Signs of progress for green chemistry – GreenBiz

Posted on March 7, 2020 by Danzig

Green chemistry as a concept has been kicking around since the 1990s, when the Environmental Protection Agencys Office of Pollution Prevention and Toxins first coined the phrase. Decades of research and the proliferation of green chemistry groups, journals and conferences have yet to bear much fruit, however, as more than 98 percent of chemicals today are still petroleum-based products with varying degrees of health and environmental impact.

But that may be changing, say representatives from Unilever, Gap, Seventh Generation and the nonprofit, business-to-business forum Green Chemistry & Commerce Council (GC3). During a GreenBiz 20 workshop, "Green Chemistry: Building a Vision for Innovation," in early February, panelists discussed advancements in three priority areas that could help bring green chemistry into the mainstream: informing the marketplace; securing supportive policies; and collaborating up and down the supply chain.

Green chemistrys 12 foundational principles for hazard-free chemical design are well accepted by the scientific community, but not so easy for non-scientists to understand. Thats been a barrier to progress.

To accelerate adoption of green chemistry, said Michele Jalbert, co-director of GC3, "you need to persuade people at the C-suite and in your supply chains. You need a language that can create a dialogue."

Simpler language that reframes the principles of green chemistry as "sustainable chemistry" can do that, she said. "Sustainable chemistry pings on all the right notes for the C-suite and decision-makers in your companies." The focus is on how sustainable chemistry can demonstrate improvements in health and the environment while achieving other broad sustainability goals such as increased energy efficiency and reducing waste and natural resource use.

Companies are under pressure to get chemicals out of their supply chains, or they want new, sustainable options. Market demand is huge.

Avery Lindeman, manager of sustainable chemistry at Gap Inc, agreed, saying that Gap uses the term sustainable chemistry internally rather than green chemistry. Gap doesnt sell products with chemicals in them, so sustainable chemistry for the apparel company is "about safer materials in production, she said. "It touches our other environmental goals, like water and energy savings, water stewardship."

Gap focuses on giving "actionable tools and guidance" to its internal business partners, designers and the facilities it sources product from so that "we can make better choices," Lindeman said.

For Martin Wolf, director, sustainability and authenticity at Seventh Generation, sustainable chemistry fits with the companys approach to product design, which centers on "how to make something sustainable by starting with a renewable material, or a material thats been renewed, and keeping it in a form that it can be renewed at end of the products use."

For Seventh Generation that means, for example, selecting bio-based materials that can biodegrade and using recycled plastic in packaging. Seventh Generation also does not use any classes of chemicals that are carcinogenic, mutagenic or known reproductive toxins.

Messaging green chemistry as sustainable chemistry is particularly helping GC3 win legislative approval for supportive policies, Jalbert said.

GC3 is part of a broad alliance of industry associations, chemical manufacturers, consumer product companies and the nonprofit Environmental Working Group that is working to pass a bill that would coordinate federal research and development into sustainable chemistry.

Thats important because current federal research dollars are disjointed and spread across numerous agencies, from the Department of Defense to the U.S. Department of Agriculture to the Department of Energy (DOE), Jalbert said. The Sustainable Chemistry Research and Development Act (S. 999 and H.R. 2051), sets up a coordinating function for organizing and sharing information, and for creating a roadmap for public-private sector innovation to amplify and accelerate progress.

The bill passed the House of Representatives and made it out of the Senate Commerce Committee last year. Jalbert is optimistic that the Senate will pass the bill because its backed by groups such as the National Association of Manufacturers and the U.S. Chamber of Commerce.

Were framing all our efforts as a business issue, about innovation, American competitiveness, advanced manufacturing.

"Were framing all our efforts as a business issue, about innovation, American competitiveness, advanced manufacturing," Jalbert added. "We found that this framing in the current political environment is really, really effective."

GC3 and others are also working on getting additional funds through the appropriations process for a sustainable chemistry grant program out of the DOEs Advanced Manufacturing Office.

"Alignment from all the brand customers makes it much easier for the supply chain to know what were asking and put resources to delivering on it," said Lindeman, citing Gaps participation in the Zero Discharge of Hazardous Chemicals (ZDHC) collaboration. ZDHC started in 2011 in response to a Greenpeace campaign and includes 30 signatory brands, 101 value chain affiliates and 19 associates.

The collaboration brought together apparel and footwear companies to align on a restricted substances list to communicate to suppliers. "But theres still more work to be done to identify best available, alternative chemicals," Lindeman said.

GC3, which brings supply chain members together to accelerate adoption of green chemistry, has seen tremendous growth over the past three years, according to Jalbert.

"Companies are under pressure to get chemicals out of their supply chains, or they want new, sustainable options. Market demand is huge," she said, explaining the growth. The collaboration counts more than 120 member companies, ranging from tiny startups to retail giants such as Amazon and Walmart.

GC3s Retail Leadership Council, comprising 10 consumer giants such as Best Buy, CVS and Target, released a Statement on Chemical Innovation Priorities (PDF)in May naming specific chemical functions, such as plasticizers and solvents, as well as classes of hazardous chemicals. It "sends a very clear signal across the market, across supply chains, that this is where retailers see the need for chemical innovation,"Jalbert said. A year and a half in the making, the statement gives critical guidance to chemical manufacturers and startups to help them prioritize their efforts at innovation and R&D.

Another new business/NGO partnership called ChemForward is working to systematize the evaluation of alternatives to known hazardous chemicals. Funded by Google, Target and several foundations, the collaboration has similar, enormous potential for moving the needle.

"I think its the natural evolution of businesses, adapting to these new realities," said Viviana Alvarez, head of sustainability, North America Unilever. "We have the new technologies, we have the science, we dont have the excuses of new ways of working."

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Mohamed Sanu gives update on chemistry with Tom Brady – WEEI

Posted on October 31, 2019 by Danzig

FOXBOROUGH -- When it comes to playing wide receiver for the Patriots, one of the most important things is developing chemistry with Tom Brady.

Speaking after his first game with the team Sunday, Mohamed Sanunoted he was working towards what Brady has with Edelman.

So, how is it going?

I am working my way," Sanu said."I am slightly on the first couple letters of the sentence, but I am getting there.

He added:It is getting better and better. Just learning it, day-by-day, moment-by-moment and taking it in stride.

Sanu is doing whatever he can, whether it is in the meeting room or on the practice field.

Its great," he said."Taking full advantage of each rep.

The former Falcons receiver finished Sunday with two catches on five targets. Given he only had three practices before the game, it's likely his role will be expanded and that likely will lead to more production.

The wide receiver position as a whole will be interesting to watch this week considering rookie N'Keal Harry is eligible to return, so will the Patriots go with six wide receivers, or will someone be inactive?

Related: Tom Brady among 8 Patriots limited Wednesday

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Why Al Horford isn’t surprised the Celtics already have strong chemistry – Yahoo Sports

Posted on December 5, 2019 by Danzig

Al Horford hasn't played with Kemba Walker or Enes Kanter.

He hasn't been inside the BostonCeltics' locker room without Kyrie Irving, Marcus Morris and Terry Rozier in the fold.

The Philadelphia 76ers big man has played for Brad Stevens, though, and that experience gave him all the evidence he needs.

In a chat with the Boston Herald's Steve Bulpett over the weekend, Horford weighed in on his former team's hot start and said he's not surprised to see Stevens' group jelling so quickly.

"Coach, you know, he's going to put everyone in position to be successful," Horford said."I mean, even the year that we were there that Kyrieand Gordon were missing and we had Shane Larkin starting or Semi (Ojeleye), he figured out how to do the most with what he had. So I'm not surprised by this."

When pressed on why Stevens couldn't make things work last season, Horford pointed to an overabundance of talent that led to chemistry issues.

"Last year was just too much," Horford added. "There were too many guys for coach to satisfy everyone."

Horford was one of five Celtics to average more than 27 minutes per night last season, and that group didn't even include Hayward or Jaylen Brown. That the 33-year-old decided to leave Boston forPhilly in the offseason was a sign he saw the writing on the wall with Boston's crowded roster.

Horford apparently shares the same view as Celtics president of basketball operations Danny Ainge, who pointed to the"equal depth" on last season's squad as a potential cause of Boston's chemistry issues.

The new-look C's seem to be getting along quite well, though. They're 14-5 entering Tuesday and have the chance to avenge one of those five losses when they host Horford's Sixers next Thursday.

Don't miss NBC Sports Boston's coverage ofCeltics-Heat, which tips off Wednesday at 7p.m.with Celtics Pregame Live, and thenTommy & Mike have the call at 7:30p.m.You can alsostream the gameonthe MyTeams App.

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Chemistry professor leads student research on impact of wildfires – Mustang News

Posted on January 24, 2020 by Danzig

Chemistry professor Matthew Zoerb and a group of undergraduate students are conducting research to help people better understand the effects wildfires have on health and the environment.

In the past few years, California has seen the most destructive wildfires in the states history, including the Camp Fire in 2018 and the Kincade Fire last October. Zoerb and his students are researching the health and environmental impact following wildfires.

Zoerb said he was inspired to begin his research after the Soberanes Fire that burned the Big Sur Coast in 2016.

We are looking at different fuel sources such as forests or wood from homes and the chemistry of those particles and how the physical and chemical transformations evolve over time, Zoerb said.

When something burns, those particles are released into the air and will drift hundreds of miles from their starting point, according to Zoerb. By taking air samples from Cal Polys campus and the Cal Poly Pier, located in Avila Beach, Zoerb and his students saw the particles that people were breathing as well as the concentrations of those particles depending on the proximity of the wildfires.

Zoerb and his team gathered many samples downwind from Northern California fires because 2019 had less local fires than previous years. According to Zoerb, San Luis Obispo generally has good air quality which allows from him and his team to see every trace emission that makes it to the area.

Zoerb and his team can then see how much the wildfire particles are diluted and what the impact is. These samples show how much the wildfire particles remain in the air. This helps the team identify types of fires and decipher the general location where the fires started. With these samples, the team began to understand the amount of time these particles remain in the air.

Seth Bush, the chair of the chemistry and biochemistry department, said Zoerbs work is an important milestone.

The ability to accurately measure microscopic, trace particles generated in wildfires across the state is interesting from a scientific standpoint on its own, Bush said. However, the fact that they can use this tool and the data they collect to address complex real world problems amplifies the importance of their work beyond the academic community.

The College of Science and Mathematics Dean Dean E. Wendt said Zoerb and the team of students is relevant to the state as a whole.

The work of [Zoerb] is a great example of Cal Poly research at its best engaging students, focusing on problems that are meaningful to California, and contributing basic knowledge to a scholarly discipline, Wendt said.

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Continuity and chemistry key for Steelers offensive line | FOX Sports – FOXSports.com

Posted on August 5, 2017 by ev1

LATROBE, Pa. (AP) Alejandro Villanueva was in mid-answer trying to put his new contract the one that puts the former Army Ranger-turned-NFL left tackle in charge of protecting Pittsburgh Steelers quarterback Ben Roethlisbergers blind side for the rest of the decade in perspective when Ramon Fosters distinct Tennessee drawl came crashing over the top.

Oh yes, Al! Foster said as he walked past. Pay the man! Get us new chairs in the O-line room.

Villanueva smiled and shook his head at Fosters impromptu interview bomb, though the veteran guard and elder statesman on the unit most vital to Pittsburghs chances at ending New Englands long run at the top of the AFC might have a point.

The seats in the groups meeting room are getting well worn. Call it the byproduct of the kind of stability thats a rarity in the salary cap era. The way the Steelers figure it, better to break in new furniture than new faces.

Villanuevas deal, signed minutes before the defending AFC North champions opened training camp, means Pittsburghs entire front five Villanueva at left tackle, Foster at left guard, Maurkice Pouncey at center, David DeCastro at right guard and Marcus Gilbert at right tackle are all signed through the end of the 2018 season, with all but Foster in the fold through at least 2020.

Its rare, especially in this league, DeCastro said. Guys are all under their second contracts. It doesnt really happen. You have to make it show.

It certainly did last season. Pittsburgh ripped off seven straight wins after a 4-5 start to win its second division title in three years, with the line opening gaping holes for LeVeon Bell and keeping Roethlisbergers No. 7 jersey pristine in the process. Bell averaged 139 yards rushing during the stretch, with Roethlisberger being taken down just three times.

While Roethlisberger is serious when he says hes working on a season-by-season basis at this point, there are certain factors could see him walk off into retirement later rather than sooner. Namely, staying upright nearly all the time behind a line among the best in the business.

If they play as well as theyve been playing and getting sacked 17 times in a year, that might keep me around a little longer, he said with a smile.

Compare that to the early days of the 35-year-old Roethlisbergers career, when he spent a considerable portion of his time picking himself up off the turf.

Roethlisberger was sacked an average of three times a game I his first decade. Over the last three years, that number has dropped below two. Part of it is Roethlisbergers embracing of Todd Haleys get it and get rid of it ethos, part of it is playing behind a group thats grown in lockstep and part of it is the arrival of Hall of Famer Mike Munchak as the line coach in 2014.

He brings all the pieces together, Villanueva said. Hes the one that can put in anybody and make him excel just like he did with me.

Villanueva arrived in Pittsburgh a few months after Munchak, simply looking for a chance to learn following a military career that included three tours in Afghanistan. Villanueva landed a job on the practice squad that fall. Thanks in large part to Munchaks guidance, Villanueva was starting by the end of 2015 and didnt miss a game in 2016 as the Steelers reached the AFC championship.

His rapid rise also put the thoughtful, introspective Villanueva in a tough spot. He believed hed earn a raise and Pittsburgh wanted to keep him around. The sticking point came on how much it was going to take. Forever wanting to blend in not an easy thing when youre 6-foot-9 and 320 pounds Villanueva found the attention surrounding his status embarrassing.

I didnt want to break the bank, he said. I didnt want to be compared to the top left tackles that signed a deal recently. I couldnt conceive a situation where I would hold out to get more money. It was more if the situation was fair, I wanted to be here.

And so he is, where his unique backstory blends right in a group that mixes sure things like Pouncey and DeCastro, both first-round picks, with Foster and Villanueva, undrafted success stories.

They are now all well compensated and in their primes, with the 31-year-old Foster the only one not in his 20s. Yet there are no concerns of complacency. Munchaks draining individual drills and searing wit keeping things fresh. So does chemistry and a sense of accountability. Nobody wants to be the guy who gets exposed in the film room, where Munchaks searing wit rarely misses its target.

Whenever your guy makes the play, whenever you give up a pass rush or something, its just something that sticks with you for a long time, Pouncey said.

Those moments are getting fewer and farther between. Yet nothing lasts forever. Injuries happen. Contracts end. Guys move on. The five friends who hold Roethlisbergers health, and perhaps Pittsburghs season, in their collective hands understand how unique the opportunity is.

We have to take advantage of that, DeCastro said. We have a small window to really take advantage of it and play good football.

For more NFL coverage: http://www.pro32.ap.org and http://www.twitter.com/AP-NFL

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Podcast: When rocket chemistry blasted off and came back to Earth – Chemical & Engineering News

Posted on October 30, 2019 by Danzig

Rocket propellant research had its heyday in the mid-20th century, when the space race and the Cold War meant chemists had plenty of money and long leashes. Only a few of their most interesting ideas ended up in working rockets, but they charted new areas of chemical space, some of which, like boron chemistry, have proved useful in other fields. Geopolitical shifts, along with a growing emphasis on health, safety, and the environment, put a damper on propellant chemistry in the last decades of the 1900s. But the need for high-performance propellants hasnt gone away, and neither has chemists interest in pushing the envelope. In this episode of Stereo Chemistry, we hear from chemists who lived through the heady days of the 50s and 60s and the ones carrying rocket chemistrys torch today.

Subscribe to Stereo Chemistry now on Apple Podcasts, Google Play, or TuneIn.

The following is the script for the podcast. We have edited the interviews within for length and clarity.

Kerri Jansen: Back in 2012, astronaut Chris Hadfield was getting ready to blast off to the International Space Station. Before he did, though, he got on Reddit to host an Ask Me Anything, where users of the social news site could ask Chris all of their most burning questions. And during the Q&A, Chris described what its like to blast off.

Launch is immensely powerful, he said, and you can truly feel yourself in the centre of it, like riding an enormous wave, or being pushed and lifted by a huge hand, or shaken in the jaws of a gigantic dog. . . . The weight of over 4 Gs for many minutes is oppressive . . . until suddenly, after 9 minutes, the engine[s] shut off and you are instantly weightless. Magic.

Today on Stereo Chemistry well be talking about that magic. Or the chemistry behind the magic, I should say. Specifically, the chemistry of rocket fuel. And Ive got the perfect copilot here to propel our journey. Hi, Sam.

Sam Lemonick: Hey, Kerri.

Kerri: So, Sam, the idea for this episode came from you. What got you interested in rocket chemistry?

Sam: Well, a lot of the space stories I write rely on rockets. Rovers wouldnt be roving on Mars, telescopes like Hubble wouldnt be exploring the universe, if rockets hadnt put them there. So what Id like to say is that I developed a deep respect for these workhorses and the unsung chemistry that makes them work. But the truth is I read a really smart and fun book about rocket chemistry, and I wanted to dig in and learn more.

Kerri: And what is this book you speak of?

Sam: Its called Ignition!, with an exclamation point. It was first published in the early 70s and written by rocket chemist John Clark, who was also a sci-fi author who palled around with people like Isaac Asimov.

Clarks accounts of rocket research are completely captivating. The book was out of print for a while, although there were excerpts circulating on the internet, which is where I first found it. Anyway, its back now and if you want to learn more about the heyday of American propellant chemistry than we could include here, you should definitely go check it out.

Clark died in 1988, so unfortunately I couldnt talk with him, but I did the next best thingI talked to some of the other rocket chemists who were there at the beginning. Well, the beginning of modern rocket science.

Kerri: Oh, cool. So how do you define modern rocket science, and when did it start?

Sam: Modern rocketry is basically what let humans escape Earths gravity for the first time, and it started in the late 1800s.

Kerri: Okay, but unless you have a Ouija board youre not telling me about, Im guessing the scientists you talked to would have been active a bit later than that. So when did they come in? And big picture, what did they tell you?

Sam: Yeah, youre right. The most seasoned people I talked to did their work in the 1950s and 60s. That was a really wild, unique period when almost unlimited funding for rocket chemistry was available. Unfettered by budgets and, in some cases, by what you might think of as common sense, rocket scientists during that era pursued some truly wild chemistry looking for better propellants. What was fascinating to me is that even though the scientists during that time made a lot of really important discoveries, very few of those molecules ended up being used in working rockets. Instead, those important discoveries have transformed multiple fields of chemistry.

Kerri: But were still gonna talk about the rockets, though, right?

Sam: Well definitely talk about rocket chemistry. Unfortunately, there arent that many scientists still living from the early part of that heavily funded era. But the ones still with us have some amazing stories. As you might expect, there were accidents. And they tested some fascinating substances. But what I also learned is that rocket chemistry isnt a done deal. It seems like a second stage of rocket research is now taking place, with scientists in the US, China, and elsewhere pushing into new areas of chemical space.

Kerri: Before we get into all of that, though, lets start with the basics: What exactly is rocket fuel, and how does it work?

Sam: Okay, so Chinese inventors made the first rockets in the 13th century, powered by gunpowder. But remember when I said modern rocket chemistry started in the late 1800s? That was thanks to Russian scientist Konstantin Tsiolkovsky. In 1896 he published a paper titled Exploration of Cosmic Space by Means of Reaction Devices, meaning chemical rockets. In it, Tsiolkovsky showed mathematically that gunpowder doesnt have enough energy to put a rocket into space. He proposed instead reacting liquid oxygen and liquid hydrogen as a propellant.

Kerri: Oxygen and hydrogenwhy those two?

Sam: Well, any propellant is going to need two basic components: a fuel and an oxidizer. In Tsiolkovskys proposal, the hydrogen is the fuel and the oxygen is the oxidizer. They react by combusting. Now, you can think of a really basic rocket as a chamber that controls the geometry of the reaction. As the reactants combust, the rocket shoots hot gas, the reaction products, out in one direction. That produces a force that pushes the rocket in the opposite direction. Thats Newtons third law for you physics nerds.

Now, back to Tsiolkovsky. He came up with an equation that can tell you if your rocket will make it to space. To be fair, other scientists also independently derived the same formula to describe propulsion, but scientists call it the Tsiolkovsky rocket equation because he was the one thinking explicitly about rockets going into orbit and beyond. And what that equation tells you is that, if you want to escape gravity, you want a chemical reaction that runs hot and generates low-weight products. High temperature means reactions that release a lot of energy. Combustion ticks that box.

Kerri: Okay, I see. And the product of the hydrogen and oxygen combustion reaction is water, which is a small molecule, low-weight. But why is it important to have low-molecular-weight products? Wouldnt more massive molecules push the rocket harder?

Sam: Actually, no. The way several rocket scientists explained it to me is that lighter, smaller products means the exhaust can be denser. And that means more force.

Kerri: Got it. So, that was more than 100 years ago. What are we using now?

Sam: So remember how I told you that a lot of the propellants that chemists tested during the 50s and 60s didnt make it into rockets? Well, this past August, when the US Air Force launched a GPS satellite into orbit, they used a rocket powered by, you guessed it, liquid hydrogen and liquid oxygen.

Kerri: Okay, so a century ago a scientist proposed using hydrogen and oxygen to propel rockets into space. And were still using those propellants? Thats our shortest episode ever.

Sam: Dont worry, theres still a lot of the story left to tell. First of all, not all rockets today run on those propellants. Those scientists
in the 50s and 60s did actually change rocket chemistry. To understand how rocket chemistry ended up where it started, we need to understand the things those chemists did, and what happened after.

I want to start with Fred Hawthorne. He might be the living person who best represents the arc of 20th century rocket chemistry. Hawthorne is the winner of a National Medal of Science and an inorganic chemistry expert. Hes 91, and some people call him Mr. Boron, which youll understand soon. He was a rocket chemist at the company Rohm and Haas when they were leaders in the propellant world. Later, he was a chemistry professor. But before all that, he was a kid with a chemistry set.

Fred Hawthorne: When I was about 12 years old, I got a chemistry set. A Gilbert chemistry set. And it fascinated me.

Sam: You can probably picture a Gilbert chemistry set. They came with test tubes and vials of all kinds of different chemicals. The sort of thing that could never be sold to kids today.

Fred Hawthorne: And I spent all my free time learning chemistry. I was just very drawn to it.

Kerri: Hang on. Let me do some quick math here. If hes 91 now, that means that when he was 12 it was like, what, 1940? So this is right around the beginning of World War II.

Sam: Yeah, and the timing is important. Two years before Fred was born, American physicist Robert H. Goddard launched the worlds first liquid rocket using liquid oxygen as an oxidizer and gasoline as a fuel. That set off a flurry of rocket research, in the US, Europe, and Russia. Fast forward a few years and the German Werhner von Braun started his rise to prominence and infamy in rocket science. He was a member of the Nazi party. Thousands of von Brauns V-2 rockets killed civilians in Allied European cities. Thousands more died in the concentration camps that built the rockets.

At the end of the war, von Braun surrendered to the Americans, who were keen to use his expertise in their own rocket program. In 1950, von Braun moved to the Armys Redstone Arsenal in Huntsville, Alabama, to lead the countrys rocket program.

Kerri: So this is what kicked off that unique period of rocket research in the US, when rocket scientists were just rolling in money. Where does Fred Hawthorne come in?

Sam: Right. Redstone is also where Fred ended up in 1954 after getting his PhD. He was working as a research chemist for the Rohm and Haas chemical company, which had its rocket labs on the Army base. The US military funded Rohm and Haass rocket research, and it was going all-out in pursuit of higher performing rockets, because the US didnt want to get beaten by Russia into space and in the nuclear missile race.

Fred Hawthorne: Money was not a big problem. Time was a problem, because we were competing with the Russians. So things were very crude and a little bit sloppy at first.

Sam: Redstone was a little frustrating for Fred as a scientist. He says there wasnt time or interest in understanding exactly what made a good propellant. People werent really interested in the fundamental chemistry.

Fred Hawthorne: They simply threw a lot of things together, had a lot of troubles and very few real successes.

Kerri: But you said at the start that Fred eventually did do some fundamental research that would change chemistry, even if it didnt necessarily change rocket science.

Sam: True. Fred would eventually work with compounds called carboranes, which are caged molecules made of carbon, boron, and hydrogen. But at first he was working with a propellant called petrin acrylate. And if youre listening to this episode to hear about rockets blowing up, youll want to hear Freds petrin acrylate story.

Credit: CEN

Petrin acrylate is a polymer with a hydrocarbon backbone and side chains sprouting from it that are made from esters of PETN, which is one of the molecules used in plastic explosives. And petrin acrylate is a solid propellant, so its not in a tank like liquid hydrogen or kerosene would be; its poured into the rocket and then hardens into a rubber. Fred describes petrin acrylate as a little twitchy. And the Army wanted a lot of this twitchy propellant for a test rocket. Six thousand pounds to be exact.

Fred Hawthorne: Thats about three tons of stuff. Its a hell of a lot of explosive material.

Sam: Fred and other Rohm and Haas chemists and engineers managed to build the rocket, and they set it up on the test range. Because they didnt want it to actually launch, Fred says they buried it in dirt, concrete, and anything else they could put on top of it. They also wired it up with instruments to learn more about how this new propellant performed, which made the test rocket a very valuable piece of equipment.

On the day of the launch, Fred and a couple dozen other people gathered on a grandstand about 300 meters from the rocket, excited to watch the test fire. The engineer who filled the rocket with propellant was sitting in front of Fred, and Fred asked how the propellant looked.

Fred Hawthorne: And he said, Well, its got a crack in it, but we filled the crack with epoxy, and that should be okay.

Sam: Fred means there was a crack in the surface of that rubber column of propellant. And as you might guess, it was not okay.

Fred Hawthorne: We started counting down. Five, four, three, two. And when we got down to zero, we were too far away to hear anything yet. And then we saw a shock wave coming through the grass and then that came through and hit us. So we got a pretty good ride out of that.

Sam: Despite the shock wave and supersonic rocks whizzing over the crowd, Fred says nobody was hurt. An office building about 500 feet away was destroyed, but it had been evacuated before the test. And about 50 cars in a nearby parking lot were crushed by falling concrete.

Even closer to the rocket was a trailer full of equipment collecting data from the instrumented rocket. Fred says it was shot through with holes, but somehow the two technicians inside were unhurt, and they managed to collect the data as well.

It turned out that instead of burning from the bottom up, the petrin acrylate had started burning up the surfaces of that crack in the propellant. The rocket wasnt designed to handle pressures of hot gases there, thus the explosion.

This wasnt the only petrin acrylate mishap at Redstone, and shortly after, Rohm and Haas decided to abandon the molecule, which was apparently just too twitchy to pursue further.

Kerri: I mean, if my research project exploded and threw a bunch of rocks and concrete at me, Id be inclined to abandon it, too. So this is when Fred switched to carboranes?

Sam: Yeah. So Rohm and Haas brought in a new director of chemistry research at Redstone, Warren Niederhauser. He set his chemists on two new lines of research. One targeted inorganic compounds, specifically boron. This was the group Fred was in charge of.

Fred Hawthorne: You see, boron is next to carbon in the periodic table. It ought to behave very much like carbon. There ought to be a corresponding chemistry there that is waiting to be developed. That was my thinking. And sure enough, it worked.

Sam: The US military had actually been investigating boron compounds as potential jet fuels because they burn about 50% hotter than hydrocarbons. But burning boron compounds also damages jet engines and produces toxic boron oxides. So Freds group got involved in carboranes, which were discovered by another group of rocket chemists. Remember, these are caged molecules made of carbon, boron, and hydrogen. These were more stable than the original boron compounds. Freds group figured out how to make acrylate esters of carboranes, among other compounds. And it was all slow-going at first. They were testing everything in small batches and they made their starting material, decaborane, from scratch. Decaborane has, you guessed it, 10 borons atoms in its caged structure.

Credit: CEN

Just to illustrate once again how this period in rocket science was fueled by extreme amounts of research funding and a
desire to compete with the Russians, lets go back to Fred. He says one day, he got invited to give a talk to a group of Air Force scientists studying solid rockets.

Fred Hawthorne: I talked about 20 minutes, and the guy said, Hold it, Ill be back. And he left the room. And he came back about 15 minutes later and said, Ive just given orders for you to receive a long tonthats 2,200 poundsof high-grade decaborane to be delivered to Rohm and Haas.

Sam: Before that, Fred says his team was spending about $10 a gram on decaborane. A long ton translates to almost 100,000 g, or $10 million worth of the stuff.

Kerri: I see what you mean. Money was really flying around back then. So did their investment in Fred pay off?

Sam: Well, in some ways, yeah. One of the carborane compounds he made burned 10 times as fast as petrin acrylate, the culprit in that spectacular test failure. And it was easier to handle, too. But it didnt end up delivering any more energy than petrin acrylate in their experiments.

But, after Fred left Rohm and Haas in 1962 and went into academia, he took boron chemistry to new heights. Fred figured out how to make metallic compounds with carborane ligands, complexes that have proven useful as chiral catalysts and radioactive markers for medical imaging. Hes also explored carborane derivatives that could be used to selectively target tumors with radiation therapy. Today, hes an emeritus professor at the University of Missouri.

I asked him if its fair to say that propellant chemistry is one of the reasons boron chemistry developed the way it did.

Fred Hawthorne: Yeah. Oh yeah.

Kerri: Hence the nickname Mr. Boron.

Sam: Right. Its a similar story for other rocket chemists pushing the envelope at that time. Emil Lawton was a contemporary of Freds. Emil worked on fluorine chemistry at Rocketdyne, a rocket engine company in Southern California. He made a whole bunch of fluorine compounds, including wild molecules like chlorine pentafluoride and oxychlorine trifluoride.

Kerri: Whats so wild about those?

Sam: These interhalogen compounds are incredibly strong oxidizers. Theyre known for combusting with basically anything they touch. Chlorine trifluoride, a tetrahedral molecule made of a chlorine atom and three fluorines, is maybe the most reactive of the bunch. Its hypergolicmeaning it ignites on contactwith wood, cloth, and most metals, but also with sand, asbestos, and even water.

But, like Fred, Emil told us these fluorine compounds were dead ends, at least for rocket chemistry. I asked him if any of his molecules ever made it into rockets.

Emil Lawton: Surprisingly, none of my molecules did.

Kerri: Did Emil say why not?

Sam: Emils group never scaled up their fluorine reactions because the compounds were too reactive to be practical. He says people were initially interested in these molecules because they had high performance for their weight, which meant rockets that could carry more payload for their size. But engineers found ways to miniaturize electronics and guidance components, and those weight savings made it so that rockets didnt need the dangerous fluorine propellants. Emil was done with halogens, but he did stay in rocket chemistry, and later in his career would help the military investigate rocket accidents.

Kerri: Okay, so the chemistry Fred and Emil worked on didnt end up in todays rockets. But . . . something did. So what did end up taking off?

Sam: Well, to answer that, I have to tell you about what happened later on, after this period of lavish spending we just talked about. Rocket chemistry entered a sort of dark ages. The sense of urgency was gone, and so was the funding support.

Kerri: Wow. So what happened to bring about the dark ages of rocket chemistry?

Sam: Ill tell you. But after the break. Well hear about that plateau, and where rocket chemistry went next. Stay tuned.

Giuliana Viglione: Hi there. This is Giuliana Viglione, C&ENs editorial fellow. I hope youre enjoying this explosive episode as much as I am. We at C&EN work hard to bring you the very best stories on Stereo Chemistry. And we wanted to take this opportunity to ask for your feedback. What do you like? What can we do better?

There are a bunch of ways you can let us know. If youre listening to this episode on Apple Podcasts, you can leave a review or a rating without even leaving the app. That helps other chemistry enthusiasts find this podcast and it will help us make this show better for you and all our future listeners. And you can always email cen_multimedia@acs.org with your feedback. Have an idea for a chemistry story youd like to hear? Let us know!

Thanks to everyone who has rated Stereo Chemistry already. Your support means a lot to us, and were excited to bring you even more captivating stories from the world of chemistry in the coming months.

And now, back to the show.

Kerri: Im on the edge of my seat here, Sam. What happened to put the brakes on rocket chemistry?

Sam: The scientists I talked to had a lot of ideas about why rocket chemistry research lost some speed. Money and politics definitely played a role. Rocket scientists in the 50s and 60s were awash in government cash and racing with the Soviets to build rockets that could reach the moon or deliver nuclear warheads across the globe. After the moon was in reach, and the Vietnam War sapped Americas interest in military adventurism, and the Cold War was growing stale, the political will and financial support for exotic rocket chemistry research started to dry up.

Kerri: So the funds are gone, political support has tanked. How did rocket research continue? I mean, it didnt stop completely, right?

Sam: It didnt stop, but it was definitely slower going than the 50s and 60s had been. One thing researchers had to do was get creative with their projects. They worked on the same propellant molecules but showed that those molecules had other uses as well. Karl Christies research program went this direction.

Hes now a professor at the University of Southern California. Emil hired Karl at Rocketdyne in 1967, and Karl spent almost three decades there working with halogen compounds. Later, at the Air Force Rocket Propulsion Lab, he made polynitrogen molecules. He did a lot of really wild chemistry, probably as much as Fred or Emil. Early in his career it was halogen compounds, like chlorofluoro compounds under Emil. Later, he was the first to make stable polynitrogen compounds, including pentazenium, a five-nitrogen cation.

Kerri: That sounds like a lot of nitrogens.

Sam: Yeah, which makes it super energetic. Nitrogen-containing compounds are popular propellants and explosives, because the conversion of nitrogen-nitrogen single bonds in those molecules to nitrogen-nitrogen triple bonds in molecular nitrogen gas is incredibly exothermic. In pentazenium, resonance structures make the molecule more stable than it might seem at first glance, which makes it a useful propellant. Still, even though he was able to work his way toward such an interesting new molecule, Karl is very aware that the conditions of propellant chemistry had changed. He was at Rocketdyne when winter arrived for rocket chemistry.

Karl Christe: I mean you could not get any support; after the Apollo program there was zero money for new rocket propellants.

Sam: To give you a sense of how sad this period must have been for chemists, Karl rattled off a list of exotic chemicals that were unceremoniously destroyed at the Air Forces rocket propulsion lab, where he worked for a decade after Rocketdyne, because no one was going to use them: Ten thousand pounds of pentaborane set on fire with bullets fired into the tanks. They destroyed all their chlorine trifluoride, too, and apparently the worlds supply of oxygen difluoride as well.

Karl Christe: So it gives you a good idea, you know, that people are not going to use it very much anymore.

Sam: Cost was a factor here, according to Karl. The Apollo program proved you could get to the moon o
n a combination of hydrogen, oxygen, and jet fuel, all of which are cheaper than those exotic chemicals. And actually, hydrogen is pretty expensive, too, so these days rockets like the Russian Soyuz and SpaceXs Falcon 9 just use oxygen and jet fuel.

Kerri: And so you mentioned Karl had to get creative to keep working on propellants? How did he do that?

Sam: Karls nitrogen and fluorine research program at Rocketdyne survived because his team transitioned to chemical lasers. These basically convert the chemical energy of a propellant into laser light. The lasers were meant to fly on huge jets or ride on trucks and shoot down incoming missiles. Other rocket chemists of Karls generation had similar stories.

Kerri: Okay, so rocket propellant research continued, although slowly. So what are we using today, besides the liquid hydrogen and oxygen that launched that satellite you mentioned earlier.

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Podcast: When rocket chemistry blasted off and came back to Earth - Chemical & Engineering News

UI losing vice chancellor for research, top chemistry professor to Yale – Champaign/Urbana News-Gazette

Posted on August 5, 2017 by ev1

Photo by: Provided

Peter Schiffer

Image

CHAMPAIGN The vice chancellor for research at the University of Illinois and a top chemistry professor on campus are both leaving after five years for two newly created positions at Yale.

Vice Chancellor Peter Schiffer and his wife, Professor Sharon Hammes-Schiffer, who holds one of the prestigious Swanlund endowed faculty chairs on campus, were recruited by Yale, officials at the two schools announced Thursday.

Schiffer, a Yale alumnus, will be the Ivy League school's inaugural vice provost for research, starting in October.

He will be joined at Yale in January by Hammes-Schiffer, who will be the inaugural John Gamble Kirkwood Professor of Chemistry. At the UI, she is a renowned theoretical chemist who specializes in modeling quantum mechanical processes in systems relevant to both energy and biological sciences. She was recently named to the Center for Advanced Study at Illinois, the highest honor the campus bestows.

"It's a really exciting opportunity for me and for Sharon," Schiffer said Thursday. "Yale is, like Illinois, a great research institution."

It's also a chance to be closer to their sons, Zachary and Benjamin, who are students at MIT and Princeton, respectively, he said.

Hammes-Schiffer was out of town and unavailable for comment Thursday.

Schiffer, an experimental physicist, joined the UI in 2012 as vice chancellor for research after five years as associate vice president for research and director of strategic initiatives at Penn State.

He earned his bachelor's degree in physics from Yale in 1988 and a doctorate in physics from Stanford in 1993. He then did postdoctoral work at AT&T Bell Laboratories before launching his faculty career as an assistant professor of physics at Notre Dame.

Schiffer said his job at Yale, upgraded from a deputy provost's position, will be similar to his UI post.

It was created to bring a new level of strategic attention to Yale's science and research enterprise, according to President Peter Salovey and Provost Benjamin Polak. They cited Schiffer's decade of experience in university leadership and noted his record of strategic planning, policy development and leadership in campuswide cross-disciplinary initiatives.

Schiffer's UI tenure coincided with the growth of the university's interdisciplinary research enterprise, recognized as "one of the very best in the world," with seven campus institutes, UI Chancellor Robert Jones said in a statement. Those include two new entities the Institute for Sustainability, Energy and Environment and the Interdisciplinary Health Sciences Institute, both identified as priorities in an earlier campus strategic plan.

Schiffer said he expects those research areas to continue to grow, especially with the addition of the Carle Illinois College of Medicine. In the last month, the UI has announced a new Cancer Center and a $104 million Center for Advanced Bioenergy and Bioproducts Innovation funded by the U.S. Department of Energy.

He is also proud of the improved support for researchers in the humanities and areas outside the traditional science, technology, engineering and math fields, or STEM.

"It's a great place, and I've really enjoyed working here," he said.

Hammes-Schiffer is considered one of the world's leading experts in computational studies of proton-coupled electron transfer, an important process for many chemical reactions, Department of Chemistry head Martin Gruebele said. She is a member of the National Academy of Sciences and the American Academy of Arts and Sciences.

She will continue her research and teaching this fall before leaving for Yale in January, he said.

Her "collegiality and citizenship will be missed along with the high quality of her science," he said.

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UI losing vice chancellor for research, top chemistry professor to Yale - Champaign/Urbana News-Gazette

Hinsdale Central graduate wins gold medal at International Chemistry Olympiad – Chicago Tribune

Posted on August 5, 2017 by Fredricko

Harrison Wang, a 2017 graduate of Hinsdale Central High School, received a gold medal in the International Chemistry Olympiad held July 6-15.

Wang was part of four-member team that represented the United States in Nakhon Pathom, Thailand, competing against 293 students from 75 other countries.

"My parents are pretty proud," said Wang, who lives in Hinsdale.

The other members also won gold medals, making it the best performance by a U.S. team since the U.S. began participating in the Olympiad in 1984, said Joan Coyle, spokeswoman for the American Chemical Society, which sponsors the U.S. team.

When asked whether he thinks the gold medal is a big deal, Wang said the chemistry in the Olympiad is different from the chemistry research being done, so professional chemists are not overly impressed by the achievement.

"But education-wise, I think we are role models and we motivate kids to study chemistry," said Wang, who has a younger brother and sister.

The other members of the team are Joshua Park of Massachusetts, Steven Liu of California and Brendan Yap of Carmel High School, Indiana.

The medals were awarded based on scores from a five-hour written exam and a five-hour practical lab at the Olympiad. Wang had the fifth-highest ranked score, Coyle said.

Wang first became interested in chemistry when he took honors chemistry freshman year at Central. In sophomore year, he competed in physics and math Olympiads. In junior year, he advanced as far as alternate to the U.S. team going to the International Chemistry Olympiad.

His parents pushed him to compete and challenge himself, Wang said. "I still do enjoy it."

Wang said there definitely is a difference between studying chemistry and competing at such a high level. Competition chemistry is concentrated on problem solving and analyzing.

For the 2016 International Olympiad, Wang estimates he studied an hour or two a day for four to five weeks.

To prepare for the 2017 Olympiad, he studied 15 to 20 hours a week, starting in June 2016 and continuing through May of this year.

He took only one science class at Central this year, AP biology.

"I intentionally chose a course load (senior year) that was light on homework, so I could have time to study," Wang said.

He said it was not very difficult to work so hard on a goal that is not shared by your classmates.

"I've been working hard by myself since a young age," Wang said.

He also became friends with other students who would attend the Chemistry Olympiad Study Camp at the U.S. Air Force Academy in Colorado Springs, Colorado, in June.

The students receive college-level training in chemistry, with an emphasis on organic chemistry, during the camp, which is the final step to qualify for the team that will go to the international competition.

"I enjoy organic chemistry a lot because there is a certain style to it that is unique," and involves intuition, Wang said.

His classes senior year included AP literature and honors philosophy, subjects Wang found interesting because they involve a different kind of thinking than he uses in science and math classes.

"In literature, there is no one right answer," Wang said. "Some answers may be more correct than others. But in science, at least in competitions, there is only one right answer."

Wang is undecided what major he will pursue at Massachusetts Institute of Technology this year, but the literature and philosophy classes piqued his interest enough to get them on his list of possible majors that also include physics and computer science.

kfornek@pioneerlocal.com

Twitter @kfDoings

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Hinsdale Central graduate wins gold medal at International Chemistry Olympiad - Chicago Tribune

A New Quantum Understanding is About to Turn Chemistry on Its Head – Futurism

Posted on August 5, 2017 by Fredricko

In BriefResearchers have discovered that quantum indistinguishability necessarily plays a significant role in some chemical processes. This changes the way scientists will view chemistry, and will influence isotope fractionation and enzymatic catalysis.

In a world of quantum oddities, the phenomenon of indistinguishability, the impossibility of distinguishing between two quantum particles, remains notable. Superposition is one of the underlying causes of indistinguishability because there is no sure way to lock down an exact position of a quantum particle. This, in turn, makes it impossible to know which particle is which when two quantum particles interact in the same place. This leads to exotic particle behaviors, especially at low temperatures. Under those conditions, behavioral qualities of particles can resemble each other closely, causing phenomena such as Bose-Einstein condensates and superfluidity.

Chemistry, though, requires relatively high temperatures, which cause most substances to shed their quantum properties. This is why indistinguishable physics and chemistry have traditionally been approached as if they were completely distinct, allowing chemists to ignore the effects of quantum indistinguishability with confidence. However, University of California Santa Barbara researchers Matthew Fisher and Leo Radzihovsky are turning the field of chemistry on its head, proving this confidence has been misplaced.

The pair has now demonstrated for the first time that even at ordinary temperatures, quantum indistinguishability plays a significant role in some chemical processes. This means that indistinguishability most likely causes entirely new chemical phenomena such as isotope separation, and may also give betterexplanations for poorly understood phenomena such as reactive oxygen species and their enhanced chemical activity. The quantum coherence of atomic nuclei is of particular interest to the team.

Things like spin-isomers and symmetry are important in chemistry because many reactions depend upon molecules being able to fit together precisely. Fisher and Radzihovsky have demonstrated that quantum indistinguishability changes the way molecules fit together, then quantum indistinguishability prevents reactions that dont achieve symmetry between nuclei. Theyve also shown that para molecules with their greater range of possible symmetrical matches are necessarily more reactive than ortho molecules.

This research will have a major impact on enzymatic catalysis. Hydrogen, for example, is subject to the influence of quantum indistinguishability and is also central to the work of many enzymes. This is easier to predict than to test, however, since it is difficult to separate ortho- and para-versions of molecules.

Fisher and Radzihovsky also believe quantum indistinguishability will influence isotope fractionation by providing it with a new mechanism, and offer insight into reactive oxygen species and their enhanced chemical activity, not to mention biochemical molecules in general. Testing these predictions may be an uphill battle, but understanding some of the most critical and subtle phenomena in chemistry will be a worthwhile payoff.

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A New Quantum Understanding is About to Turn Chemistry on Its Head - Futurism

With Chemistry And Care, Conservators Keep Masterpieces Looking … – NPR

Posted on June 27, 2017 by Danzig

Senior conservator of paintings Ann Hoenigswald works to fill in elements of Paul Czanne's Riverbank c. 1895 in the National Gallery of Art's Paintings Conservation Lab in Washington, D.C. Liam James Doyle/NPR hide caption

Senior conservator of paintings Ann Hoenigswald works to fill in elements of Paul Czanne's Riverbank c. 1895 in the National Gallery of Art's Paintings Conservation Lab in Washington, D.C.

Behind the scenes at major art museums, conservators are hard at work, keeping masterpieces looking their best. Their methods are meticulous and sometimes surprising.

The painting conservation studio at the National Gallery of Art in Washington, D.C., is filled with priceless works sitting on row after row of tall wooden easels, or lying on big, white-topped worktables.

Associate conservator of paintings Joanna Dunn uses a microscope to examine Jacopo Tintoretto's Summer, c. 1555. Liam James Doyle/NPR hide caption

Associate conservator of paintings Joanna Dunn uses a microscope to examine Jacopo Tintoretto's Summer, c. 1555.

The studio is where I first met Senior Conservator Ann Hoenigswald years ago as she was fixing the sky on one of Claude Monet's impressions of the Rouen Cathedral in France. Bits of paint had flaked off over time, and Hoenigswald was carefully mixing her blue to match the old master's. Seeing the painting outside of its fancy frame, it felt like being inside the artist's studio. (I greatly wanted to try my hand at filling in some tiny bare spot in Monet's sky, which had once been covered by paint. Of course, the thoroughly professional Hoenigswald politely refused to hand over her brush.)

Conservators must take classes in studio art, art history and chemistry. Sometimes guidance comes from artists themselves. For example, Vincent van Gogh wrote to his brother Theo, asking for specific shades of paint Prussian Blue, Ultramarine, Geranium Lake. Painters in earlier centuries rarely left such clues.

Conservator Michael Swicklik peers through thick lenses that give him a 3-D view of a 15th-century canvas that Italian Renaissance artist Fra Angelico may have painted. They can't be sure, because The Entombment of Christ is in awful condition freckled with pocks where paint flecked off, and the gold on the saint's halo has worn away. The entire surface is dulled from varnish that's aged to the color of caramels.

Swicklik gets to work with cotton, solvent mixture and a bamboo stick. (Sometimes they just use spit, which gets grime off nicely!) He focuses in on the caramel-colored varnish obscuring the saint's robe moving over the surface in very light circles, to avoid abrading the paint.

Senior conservator of paintings Michael Swicklik works to clean up the yellowed layers of Fra Angelico's The Entombment of Christ, c. 1450. Liam James Doyle/NPR hide caption

Senior conservator of paintings Michael Swicklik works to clean up the yellowed layers of Fra Angelico's The Entombment of Christ, c. 1450.

Varnish is the enemy here. Painters, dealers or buyers often put a clear coat of it on to preserve a painting, or give it a nice sheen. Jay Krueger, Head of Painting Conservation, says over time the varnish ages and actually changes the colors of the painting.

"You remember that sky being blue and it's kind of green now, or, you'd remember that this was a lovely silvery dress and it's yellow now," he says. "It's just a matter of that surface, that transparent layer, discoloring over time. So it'll turn reds more orange, it'll turn blues kind of greenish. It darkens the light colors and, in an odd way, it flattens out and lightens the dark colors."

Head of painting conservation Jay Krueger's restoration supplies as seen at work station, left, while intern Kathryn Harada carefully removes layers from Jean-Baptiste-Camille Corot's Gypsy Girl with Mandolin, c. 1870. Liam James Doyle/NPR hide caption

There are all sorts of chemicals involved in the quest to remove the offending varnish, so big blue vacuum tubes they look like elephant trunks hang from the ceiling, sucking up fumes and smells.

"You don't want a 40-year career cut short because you're in a room full of open solvents," Krueger says.

The solvents are tailored to meet the needs of a particular painting. Conservator Joanna Dunn is wearing blue rubber gloves to protect her hands from the strong solvent she's working with. Looking through a very fancy microscope, she bends over a 16th-century Tintoretto called Summer. The big canvas it's more than 3'x6' shows a zaftig blonde, reclining in a field, her right breast peeking out from her pretty pink drape. For some reason, a parrot turns his back on her. Armed with cotton swab, skinny stick, solvent and a scalpel, Dunn goes after the usual suspect: Varnish.

Joanna Dunn works to restore Jacopo Tintoretto's Summer, c. 1555. The blue vacuums suspended from the ceiling assist with ventilation. Liam James Doyle/NPR hide caption

Joanna Dunn works to restore Jacopo Tintoretto's Summer, c. 1555. The blue vacuums suspended from the ceiling assist with ventilation.

"This coating is so old I can't dissolve it without harming the paint," Dunn explains. "So the way to do it is to soften it with the chemicals that I'm using, and then ... it becomes gelatinous and I can push it off with the scalpel."

She does this all verrrrrrry carefully. At some point she'll put down the scalpel, pick up a paintbrush and fill in any spots that are missing paint.

"I'm only going to put my inpainting in the area where the paint is missing," she says. "I'm not going to cover any of the original paint."

Jay Krueger, head of painting conservation, sits next to one of his recent conservation efforts, Mark Rothko's Untitled, 1969. Liam James Doyle/NPR hide caption

Jay Krueger, head of painting conservation, sits next to one of his recent conservation efforts, Mark Rothko's Untitled, 1969.

In addition to varnish, conservators also need to get rid of paint that was applied in earlier restorations and then replace it with colors that match sometimes centuries-old originals. They hope to leave these canvases in better shape so that future conservators have an easier time of it when their turn comes.

Every day, these conservators hop between centuries and styles to preserve masterpieces for future art-lovers. A few years ago, Hoenigswald had a 19th-century Mary Cassatt on one easel, and a 16th-century El Greco on another and they almost seemed to be in conversation with each other.

Mary Cassatt was a great admirer of El Greco's work, Hoenigswald explains: "I was practically in tears thinking: Oh my god, if she ever thought she'd literally be side by side ... it was a very emotional."

Moments like these, she says, can make these behind-the-scenes conservation studios feel downright magical.

The National Gallery of Art in Washington, D.C. Liam James Doyle/NPR hide caption

The National Gallery of Art in Washington, D.C.

Link:
With Chemistry And Care, Conservators Keep Masterpieces Looking ... - NPR

Chicago Bears QB Mike Glennon develops chemistry with Cameron … – ESPN (blog)

Posted on August 5, 2017 by Danzig

BOURBONNAIS, Ill. -- Every day at Chicago Bears training camp is about the quarterbacks. There is no quarterback controversy -- Mike Glennon is the clear-cut No. 1 -- but plenty of intrigue surrounds Glennon (still a relative unknown), Mark Sanchez (former high-profile starter) and Mitchell Trubisky (No. 2 overall pick of the 2017 NFL draft).

Heres a closer look at their day Wednesday:

Mike Glennon

Wow moment: Glennon is clearly on the same page with wide receiver Cameron Meredith, one of Glennons favorite targets on the practice field. Arguably Glennons best throw of the day happened in the opening 7-on-7 period when he rifled the ball to Meredith, who broke hard toward the right sideline approximately 15 to 20 yards downfield. Glennon put the ball on the money. Glennon later found Meredith over the middle in 11-on-11.

Whoa moment: Glennon and Meredith did have a misfire on a deep ball in a full-team period. Meredith had a step on a defender downfield on the left seam, but Glennon sailed the ball over his head. Glennons ability to hit on those big plays is important. Again, teams are going to stack the box to stop running back Jordan Howard -- second in the NFL in rushing yards in 2016 -- which will create opportunities for the Bears in the vertical passing game. Glennon has to keep defenses honest.

Mark Sanchez

Wow moment: Cant remember a wow moment from Sanchez on Wednesday. He spent most of practice with the third team as the Bears wanted Trubisky to get some extra work.

Whoa moment: Sanchez was intercepted in the end zone by rookie Eddie Jackson, who rotated over from safety to pick off the ball by the front-corner pylon. Jackson also intercepted Trubisky over the weekend.

Mitchell Trubisky

Wow moment: First of all, Trubisky spent most of the day working with the second-team offense. That development is noteworthy in itself, although Bears coach John Fox downplayed it after practice.

Dont read much into it, Fox said. Its just a matter of getting guys through different centers, different groups. Its something that we mentioned would happen at some point throughout the camp.

Trubisky has shown throughout camp that hes mobile. The rookie successfully climbed the pocket in one team period and found Daniel Braverman wide open over the middle. Trubisky also targeted Kevin White on a couple of plays. White had one of his best practices of camp, catching multiple passes from both Trubisky and Glennon.

Whoa moment: Trubisky overshot Deonte Thompson in 7-on-7. Thats a throw Trubisky probably wishes he had back because Thompson was all alone in the middle of the field.

The Bears' next practice is scheduled for 10:30 a.m. CT Thursday.

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Chicago Bears QB Mike Glennon develops chemistry with Cameron ... - ESPN (blog)

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