Solar eclipse set to darken the sky over Ireland on Friday morning

A solar eclipse in Varanasi, India, in July 2009. Ireland is set to experience up to a 95 per cent eclipse on Friday, though it is highly dangerous to look at the sun directly while observing the event. Photograph: Saurabh Das/AP

People have a chance tomorrow to see a rare phenomenon of nature as a near-total eclipse of the sun tracks across Ireland. It will become noticeably cooler, and sunlight will dim as up to 95 per cent of the sun will be blocked out by the moon.

It is a fantastic spectacle of nature and we wont see another eclipse like this until 2026,said David Moore, editor of Astronomy Ireland magazine. It is a very rare event and people are always fascinated about natural events.

Doubt remains over the weather, however, with overcast skies possibly taking some of the excitement out of the eclipse. A weak cold front will be coming down from the north, possibly making prospects a bit disappointing for Friday, said Evelyn Cusack of Met ireann.

There is bound to be some cloud in the sky but we are hoping the front breaks up as it moves down, she said. This could mean better viewing across the south coast.

A solar eclipse occurs when the orbiting moon passes in front of the sun to blot out the sunlight. In this case between 91 and 95 per cent of the solar disc will be blocked for Irish viewers and we will be under the shadow cast by the moon.

All of the island of Ireland will be affected, with the eclipse beginning at about 8.30am, reaching a maximum at about 9.30am and then moving away until the shadow departs by 10.30am.

The centre of the shadow will be further north over the Atlantic, but our experience of the eclipse will still be worth seeing, said Prof Peter Gallagher, a solar physicist at Trinity College Dublin. It will get quite dark. You will see Venus appear in the morning sky by around 9.30am to the left of the sun, he said.

It is highly dangerous to look at the sun directly and the Association of Optometrists has urged the public to exercise caution if attempting to view the eclipse.

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Solar eclipse set to darken the sky over Ireland on Friday morning

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Astronomers to shed light on space discoveries to mark spectacular solar eclipse

Space scientists at the University of Leicester will be taking part in a spectacular event to mark a rare astronomical phenomenon by demonstrating some of their out-of-this-world research including how they located and identified Beagle 2 on Mars. To coincide with Stargazing Live returning to BBC Two, BBC Learning is holding a one-off spectacular live event, open to the general public, on Friday 20 March at Leicester racecourse to coincide with the solar eclipse that will affect the whole nation, the most spectacular in the UK for 16 years. The University of Leicesters Department of Physics and Astronomy will be participating in the event by providing a variety of activities aimed at schoolchildren during the day and for members of the public from 6pm to 9pm. Researchers will be on hand to explain how Leicester has been at the heart of many exciting discoveries, including tracking down the presumed lost Beagle 2 lander. The Stargazing Live event will be open to the general public from 9am until 3pm and from 6pm until 9pm, and will encourage astronomers old and new to look towards the sky. Special guests will include The European Space Agency [ESA] astronaut PaoloNespoli, who spent a total of 174 days on The International Space Station; Paul Franklin, who was the Visual Effects Supervisor from the recent blockbuster Interstellar; and Robin Ince from Radio 4's Infinite Monkey Cage. Professor Paul OBrien, organiser of the University of Leicester activities, said: The BBCs main public event for 2015 is being held in Leicester for the first time. This is a great opportunity for the University to highlight our expertise, particularly in astronomy and space science, to the public.

At Leicester we study objects throughout the Universe, from the Earth out to the most distant objects known. I hope that visitors to the event will leave with a better understanding of how we use facilities on the ground and in space, including many built in Leicester, to explore the Universe.

We will reveal how Beagle 2 was found, what we think it looks like on the surface of Mars as well as show our involvement in current and future Mars missions, such as Exomars. We will show how several of the largest and most powerful astronomy facilities have Leicester-built hardware inside them and what they have told us about the Universe. We will explain how observations from ground and space reveal the interaction between the Earth and the Sun, including what happens during an eclipse. And we will explain how planets have been found around other stars using planetary eclipses. Professor Martin Barstow, Head of the Universitys College of Science and Engineering, and President of the Royal Astronomical Society said: Stargazing Live has been a fantastic success in generating wide interest in astronomy and science in general. I am very pleased that the BBC has again invited the University to contribute. Sinead Rocks, Head of BBC Learning, says: Its wonderful to be able to build on our longstanding relationship with Stargazing. Over the years, weve worked with partners and astronomy groups across the UK to capitalise on the interest that the TV shows create by giving thousands of people opportunities to get actively involved with astronomy. This March, weve got the added bonus of a solar eclipse to kick-start our flagship event in Leicester as well as an ambitious nationwide project to get schools involved in a live science experiment. And of course, well have plenty of extra content online to inspire any armchair stargazers out there to get up and give it a go.

This family-friendly day will be split into zones including Eclipse Central - eclipse-related experiments and explanations; Launch Pad - hands on 'train to be an astronaut' activities; Mission Control - coding meets the cosmos with a Dr Who coding game, science demos and telescope feeds from across the planet; and Astro Academy - where you can quiz the experts who are passionate about the mysteries of the universe.

Admission is free, but the Astro Academy has a limited capacity and so is available on a first-come-first-served basis. Children under the age of 18 must be accompanied by an adult.

More details atbbc.co.uk/stargazing

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Astronomers to shed light on space discoveries to mark spectacular solar eclipse

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Politics : the tidally-locked state of the Mauritian electorate

In astronomy, the term tidally-locked applies to planets or other astronomical bodies such as the Moon which are said to be tidally-locked to another larger body when the gravitational gradient causes the same side of the smaller body to perpetually face the larger body. For example the same side of the Moon always faces the Earth. This concept allows us to draw an interesting analogy with the present state of Mauritian politics. For decades, the electorate has been tidally-locked to the same mainstream parties, facing and electing members of these same parties, without ever being able to break free from the latters gravitational-pull and drag new parties within the electoral systems orbit. An investigation of the possible causes would be certainly enlightening. If we factor-out cultural tendencies, the main causative factor is, ironically, a facet of democracy the first-past-the-post election system, which is also referred to as the plurality voting system. In such a system, the winner of a seat is the candidate with the most votes. In political science, Duvergers law is a principle which states that the plurality voting system fosters a two-party system, as a result of an alliance of weak parties or the elimination of weak parties by voters. In the latter case, voters gradually desert small parties on the grounds that they are perceived to have no chance of winning and that a vote for these parties is a wasted vote. Another consequence of the first-past-the-post system is the concept of tactical-voting by the electorate. Voters feel they have an incentive to vote for one of the three candidates they predict are most likely to win in their constituency even if they would prefer other candidates to win, because a vote for any other candidate will in all likelihood be wasted and have no impact on the final result. Since a few parties are perceived as credible politically, voters may well end up voting for candidates with whom they largely disagree so as to oppose a candidate with whom they disagree even more. Examples abound from the recent elections of the above assertions. Despite demonstrating its prowess and legitimacy through its successful legal battle to enable its members to stand as candidates for general elections without having to state their ethnic belonging, the Rezistans ek Alternativ party was unable to ride the wave of discontent which hit the incumbent government and seems condemned under the plurality voting system to be at best a pressure group and at worst a political party marginalized by the electorate due to its perceived political weakness. Further, soon after the debacle for the Labour party, its representatives did not wait to brandish the argument of vote sanction et non vote dadhsion to explain the large victory of the Alliance Lepep, which, if true, would be an example of tactical voting as encouraged under the first-past-the-post system. In light of this analysis, we must pre-empt the evolution of the political scenery over the coming decades with the overarching intention to improve the system towards a truly representative democracy. If the first-past-the-post election is maintained, a two-party system will always prevail. The solution in this case is to open up those few big / mainstream parties to new blood as opposed to promoting a dynastic leadership. Opening up would be encouraged by way of limiting the prime ministerial mandate to two tenures for any individual and putting in place primaries within the mainstream parties to elect the candidate for prime-ministership. The only obstacle to these evolutionary steps is the lack of will on the part of todays political stars (that is mainstream parties) shining down the electorate. These political stars must recall that in astronomy it is well known that despite their mass and energy, stars eventually turn into dwarves before dying.

Citoyen & Cadre dans la Finance

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Politics : the tidally-locked state of the Mauritian electorate

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