Boca Raton Integrative and Holistic Medicine

Meet Dr. Yihong Joy Hao

A Holistic Specialist in both Eastern & Western Medicine

Dr. Yihong Joy Hao is a board certified Family Physician and a Master of traditional Chinese medicine. She has been in private practice in Boca Raton, FL for more than 10 years.

Growing up in China, Dr. Yihong Joy Hao possesses a love of learning and the determination to always strive for excellence. Throughout the educational years, she has been constantly ranked first place. After 5-year medical school, she underwent 3-yr post-graduate training (fellowship) from Beijing University of Traditional Chinese Medicine in Integrative Medicine, then remained on as member of the faculty, where she devoted herself to medical search, teaching and clinical practice with an emphasis on senility diseases anti-aging for 6 years. She received government awards and university promotion for her outstanding performances.

Coming to USA in 1995, Dr. Yihong Joy Hao started teaching Acupuncture and Chinese Herbal Medicine at Atlantic Institute of Oriental Medicine in Ft. Lauderdale right away and remains on the faculty until today. Her own practice, Hao' s Acupuncture & Natural Healing Center, has been established in Boca Raton since 09/1998 and dedicated to serve the community. With her knowledge, skills, passion and kindness, many satisfyied patients have received great medical care.

After realizing the great need for holistic and integrative medicine in this country, Dr. Joy Hao decided to pursue the medical doctor licensure in USA. Successfully passing all the exams, she went into a 3-yr residency program at UM/Jackson Memorial Hospital and graduated with distinction.

Dr. Yihong Joy Hao carefully manages her practice in order to provide each and every one of her patients with the individual care and attention they deserve. With the combination of new medical technology and ancient wisdom, an integrative, science-based healthcare approach, Dr. Yihong Joy Hao offers unique, unparalleled medical practice.

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Boca Raton Integrative and Holistic Medicine

DailyMed : Current Medication Information

DailyMed Announcements

Posted: September 13, 2016

Update: 2016 DailyMed/RxNorm Jamboree Workshop scheduled for September 27

Updated Agenda: https://www.nlm.nih.gov/mesh/Jamboree/agenda2016.pdf

Registration is required, and seating is limited. While the proceedings will be webcast and archived, in-person attendance offers greater opportunity to exchange ideas, questions, and insights with your peers. Please find registration and agenda information here: https://www.nlm.nih.gov/mesh/Jamboree/2016.html

DailyMed provides trustworthy information about marketed drugs in the United States. DailyMed is the official provider of FDA label information (package inserts). This Web site provides a standard, comprehensive, up-to-date, look-up and download resource of medication content and labeling found in medication package inserts.

The National Library of Medicine (NLM) provides this as a public service and does not accept advertisements. The drug labeling information on this Web site is the most recent submitted to the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) and currently in use; it may include, for example, strengthened warnings undergoing FDA review or minor editorial changes. These labels have been reformatted to make them easier to read.

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DailyMed : Current Medication Information

About Me – Dr. Joel Ying, MD – Joy Health & Wellness, LLC

Integration of Traditional and Alternative Medicine

Office-based Holistic and Integrative Medicine, Naples, FL (2007 - Present)

Hospitalist Medicine, Naples, Florida (2007 - 2012)

Office and Hospitalist Medicine, Naples, Florida (2006 - 2007)

Traveling Physician in Idaho, Nevada, & Washington State (2004 - 2005)

Integrative Medicine, Aventura, Florida(2003 - 2004)

Internal Medicine & Pediatrics Combined Residency Program Jackson Memorial Hospital/University of Miami Miami, Florida (1999 - 2003)

University of Michigan Medical School (M.D.) Ann Arbor, Michigan (1995 - 1999)

Harvard University (B.A.) Cambridge, Massachusetts (1991 - 1995)

Craniosacral Therapy, PractitionerUpledger Institute, Palm Beach Gardens, Florida (2005 - Present)

Full Body Presence, Certified Presenter Healing From The Core Curriculum (2007 - Present)

Medical Acupuncture for Physicians The Helms Institute: UCLA sponsored CME course (2006 - 2007)

Tai Chi Chuan Instructor, Chen-Style

Yoga Instructor,Certified by Love Yoga Center (2012)

Florida Licensed Physician Board-Certified: Internal Medicine

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About Me - Dr. Joel Ying, MD - Joy Health & Wellness, LLC

Department of Neurology – Department of Neurology – Home

I would like to take a moment to welcome you to the Department of Neurology at Saint Louis University School of Medicine. I am certain you will find this information both helpful and informative.

Saint Louis University School of Medicine has a long history of excellence in teaching, research and patient care. Saint Louis University established the first medical school west of the Mississippi River in 1836. In 1929, Mother Marie Kernaghan became the first woman to graduate from Saint Louis University with a Ph.D. Her degree was in physics. In 1932, the University opened the Firmin Desloge Memorial Hospital, later named Saint Louis University Hospital. Dr. Gilbert Chaddock was the first neurologist of record at Saint Louis University. He was the main consulting neurologist in the 1930s.

Our institution is rooted in tradition while looking forward to growing in new and exciting ways. Saint Louis University Hospital is now a part of SSM (Sisters of St. Mary) which will create even more diversity in patient care and in teaching experiences for our students and residents. Although our primary inpatient service is at SSM Health Saint Louis University Hospital, we also have a partnership with Saint Louis John Cochran VA Medical Center and Cardinal Glennon Childrens Medical Center.

As a graduate of Saint Louis University School of Medicine in 1997 and completing a fellowship in Child Neurology at Saint Louis University in 2007, I know first-hand of the amazing faculty, students, residents and staff we have in the Department of Neurology. Our department is dedicated to our patients, students, and residents. We strive to provide the best care possible for our patients while committing to teaching our students and residents so they will become experts in the field of neurology. I am looking forward to all that we will accomplish in the future and I encourage you to peruse our website for further information about our department.

Sincerely,

Sean Goretzke, MD

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Department of Neurology - Department of Neurology - Home

Nanotek Conferences | Nanotechnology Conferences in …

OMICS Group invites all the participants across the globe to attend the 13th International Conference on Nanotek and Expo during December 5-7, 2016 at Phoenix, USA. Nanotek 2016 will be held with a theme "Nanotechnology for a better world". More nanotechnology conferences and nanotechnology events will follow the conference series in innovative research and explore business opportunities.

Track 1: Recent Trends in Nano Technology

Mass recent programs are possibly to have tremendous impact particularly in industry, medicine, new computing systems, Nanooptics, nanophotonics and nanoplasmonics and sustainability the development of carbon nanotube, Nano-bubbles pre-impregnated materials which give better conduction, overcoming one of the major challenges of conventional carbon fibre/epoxy composites progressed armor materials to guard soldiers sensors for medical testing and nano workshops are conducted on Kevler and Aramid fiber composites. There are seventy five new researchers going on in this field, annual amount of $15,000millions is spent for Nano-optics studies in 2014-2015.

Related Conferences on Recent Trends in Nano Technology:

International Conference and Exhibition on Nanomedicine and Nanotechnology in Health Care, July 25-27, 2016, Bangkok, Thailand ; 7th World Nano Conference May 19-21, 2016 Osaka, Japan; 8th World Medical Nanotechnology Congress and Expo June 9-11, 2016 Dallas, USA; 9th Nano Congress for Future Generation June 27-29, 2016 Valencia, Spain; 11th International Conference and Expo on Nanoscience and Molecular Nanotechnology, September 26-28, 2016 London, UK ; 12th Nanotechnology Products Expo November 10-12, 2016 Melbourne, Australia; 13th International Conference on Nanotek and Expo, December 05-07, 2016 Seattle, USA; 6th International Conference and Exhibition on Materials Science and Engineering, September 01-03, 2016 Atlanta, USA; Biomass to Power Berlin, Germany, Bioeconomy Methods and Solutions for Agriculture and Forest Sectors Barcelona, Spain, Drop-In Biofuels - International Conference on Microbial, Hydrocarbon Production Frankfurt, Germany, IEA Bioenergy Conference 2015 Berlin, Germany, Transport Research Arena - TRA2016 Warsaw, Poland, Fuels of the future -13th International Biofuel Conference Berlin, Germany, The Asian Bio energy Conference 2015 Shanghai, China, 8th Biofuels International Conference Porto, Portugal.

Related Socities:

American Bar Association Section Nanotechnology Project (USA)

American Chemical Society-Nanotechnology Safety Resources(USA)

International Association of Nanotechnology (IANT)

Track 2: Nanomaterials

Nanomaterials are materials of which a solitary unit is size to 109. Nanotechnological material exploration includes Nanofabrication advances, Carbon Nano-tubes and graphene innovations, Nano-composites, Characterization and properties of Nano-materials, Modelling and reenactment of Nano-materials. 27 research colleges are taking a shot at Nano-composites everywhere throughout the world, and market investigation over Asia Pacific is $2650 million, in US $786 million are discharged per annum for nano material examination. There are 62 Research colleges directing exploration on Synthetic nano materials and Market research in North America is $265 Million in 2015. The Research Budget evaluated is 66,200,000 in the month of March 2015. There are more than 2347 commercial ventures taking a shot at Nano-materials around the globe. The Carbon nanotubes are the most noteworthy supported undertaking in 2015.

Related Conferences of Nanomaterials:

8th World Medical Nanotechnology Congress and Expo June 9-11, 2016, Dallas, USA; International Conference and Exhibition on Nanomedicine and Nanotechnology in Health Care July 25-27, 2016, Bangkok, Thailand; 11th International Conference and Expo on Nanoscience and Molecular Nanotechnology September 26-28, 2016, London, UK; 12th Nanotechnology Products Expo November 10-12, 2016, Melbourne, Australia; Conference on Nanoscience and Nanotechnology (ICONN), Canberra, Australia; The Fundamental Science of Nanotechnology, Oxford, United Kingdom; Smart Materials & Surfaces Conference SMS KOREA 2016, Incheon, Korea; Metallurgical Coatings and Thin Films Conference, San Diego, United States; Faraday Discussion: Nanoparticles with Morphological and Functional Anisotropy 2016, Glasgow, United Kingdom; IEEE, International Conference on Micro Electro Mechanical Systems, Shanghai, China.

Related Socities:

ASME Nanotechnology Institute

International Association of Nanotechnology

IEEE Nanotechnology Council

Track 3: Nano Structures

Nanostructure is a structure of halfway size in the middle of minuscule and atomic structure. Nano structure research includes Combination of Nanomaterials and properties, Nanostructures for flimsy movies and coatings, Harmfulness of nanostructures, Nanostructures for superior materials, Nanostructure applications in petroleum industry, Amalgamation of nanowires and nanorods. There are 27 best most colleges everywhere throughout the world which manages nano structure. The worldwide business sector for Nano movies and coatings utilized as a part of biomedical, pharmaceutical and corrective applications expanded from $170.7 million in petroleum industry $204.6 million in Amalgamation of nanowires and nano-rods it came to $684.4 million by 2015, a compound yearly research development is expanded to 27.3%.

Related Conferences of Nano Structures:

12th Nanotechnology Products Expo November 10-12, 2016, Melbourne, Australia; 2nd World Congress and Expo on Medical Devices, December 01-03, 2016, Baltimore, USA; Conference on Nanoscience and Nanotechnology (ICONN), Canberra, Australia; The Fundamental Science of Nanotechnology, Oxford, United Kingdom, 4th Nanotechnology-2016 Dubai, UAE; High Performance and Optimum Design of Structures and Materials 2016 Siena, Italy; 8th Environmental Research conference, Luebeck, Germany, 2016; Mechanical Design and Engineering conference (ICMDE 2016) Torino, Italy; 6th Conference onAdvanced Materials Research (ICAMR 2016) Torino, Italy; 5th ICICA Information Computer Application conference Brisbane, Australia.

Related Socities:

American Academy of NanoMedicine

American Association for the Adavancement of Science

IEEE NanoTechnology Council

Track 4: Nanoparticles

A nanoparticle is an infinitesimal molecule with no less than one measurement under 100 nm. Nanoparticle examination is right now a region of serious experimental exploration, because of a wide assortment of potential applications in biomedical, optical, and electronic fields. Nanoparticles are of awesome investigative enthusiasm as they are successfully an extension between mass materials and nuclear or sub-atomic structures.

Related Conferences of Nano Particles:

International Conference and Exhibition on Nanomedicine and Nanotechnology in Health Care, July 25-27, 2016, Bangkok, Thailand; 7th World Nano Conference May 19-21, 2016 Osaka, Japan; 8th World Medical Nanotechnology Congress and Expo June 9-11, 2016 Dallas, USA; 9th Nano Congress for Future Generation June 27-29, 2016 Valencia, Spain; 11th International Conference and Expo on Nanoscience and Molecular Nanotechnology, September 26-28, 2016 London, UK; 12th Nanotechnology Products Expo November 10-12, 2016 Melbourne, Australia; 13th International Conference on Nanotek and Expo, December 05-07, 2016 Seattle, USA; 6th International Conference on Materials Science and Engineering, September 01-03, 2016 Atlanta, USA; 6th Advanced Materials Research conference Torino, Italy, 5th ICICA Information Computer Application conference Brisbane, Australia, Economic, Management, E-Technology and Applied science conference Orlando, USA, 4th Nanotechnology-2016 Dubai, UAE. Mechanical design and Engineering Conference (ICMDE 2016) Torino, Italy.

Related Socities:

American Bar Association Section Nanotechnology Project (USA)

American Chemical Society - Nanotechnology Safety Resources (USA)

International Association of Nanotechnology (IANT)

Track 5: Nano Medicine

Nano medicine is a valuable industry, nano medicine exploration includes Nanostructures for the conveyance of helpful and symptomatic specialists, Nanomedical approaches for disease determination, Drug conveyance frameworks and focused on imaging, Nanoinformatics, Chemotherapy by means of nano-particles, Immunotoxicity and immunogenicity of nanodrugs, Nanobiotechnology with nano pharmaceutical deals for tumour analysis coming to $6.8 billion in 2009, and with more than 200 organizations in Nano informatics and 38 items worldwide of Nano biotechnology at least $3.8 billion in nanotechnology R&D is being contributed each year. There are 470 colleges directing examination on nano medicine around the globe.

Related Conferences of Nano Medicine:

International Conference and Exhibition on Nanomedicine and Nanotechnology in Health Care, July 25-27, 2016, Bangkok, Thailand; 11th International Conference and Expo on Nanoscience and Molecular Nanotechnology, September 26-28, 2016 London, UK; 7th World Nano Conference May 19-21, 2016 Osaka, Japan; Holistics Medicine 2016 July 14-15, 2016 Philadelphia, USA; 4th Nanoscience and Nanotechnology Conference (ICNT2016) Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia; Medical Electronics Symposium Portland, Oregon; 4th Conference on Nano and Materials Science (ICNMS 2016) New York, USA

Related Socities:

American Society for Precision Engineering(ASPE)(USA)

British Society for Nanomedicine (UK)

Converging Technologies Bar Association (USA)

Track 6: Nano Electronics

Nanoelectronics flaunts of being the leading enterprise in bringing nanotechnology projects from studies laboratories to industrial scale. The research includes in Nanoelectronic circuits and systems ,assembly, packaging and protection worries, Molecular electronics , NEMS and MEMS ,medical diagnostics ,Robotics and mechatronics ,Dielectric substances The marketplace for Molecular electronics incorporating nanotechnology is anticipated to attain $409.6 billion by 2015, with the commercialization of digital presentations using carbon nanotube backlights, NEMS based memory gadgets, and transmission the use of nanomaterials is underway. There are forty two universities, 33 new research projects are being implementing in robotics and clinical diagnosis. There are 6584 industries round the arena working on Nanoelectronic project.

Related Conferences of Nano Electronics:

12th Nanotechnology Products Expo November 10-12, 2016 Melbourne, Australia; 13th International Conference on Nanotek and Expo, December 05-07, 2016 Seattle, USA; 6th International Conference and Exhibition on Materials Science and Engineering, September 01-03, 2016 Atlanta, USA; International Conference and Exhibition on Nanomedicine and Nanotechnology in Health Care, July 25-27, 2016, Bangkok, Thailand; 7th World Nano Conference May 19-21, 2016 Osaka, Japan; Complex system design Management, Asia Singapore, Singapore, 2nd Sensors, Materials and Manufacturing conference - ICSMM Nha Trang, Vietnam, 4th Intelligent and Automation Systems conference - ICIAS Nha Trang, Vietnam, Conference onMechanical Design and Engineering (ICMDE 2016) Torino, Italy, 6th Advanced Materials Research conference (ICAMR 2016) Torino, Italy, 5th ICICA Information Computer Application conference Brisbane, Australia, Economic, Management, E-Technology and Applied science conference Orlando, USA, 4th Nanotechnology-2016 Dubai, UAE.

Related Socities:

NanoBusiness Alliance

NanoTechnology and NanoScience Student Association(NANSA)

Nano Science and Technology Institute (NSTI)

Track 7: Nano Devices and Nano Sensors

Nanodevices, the quickest moving segment of the general market, the Nanotek research involves in smart sensors and smart delivery systems, Magnetic Nanodevices, Nano-biosensors, Nano switches, Optical biosensors, and biologically inspired gadgets are predicted to transport at a excellent 34% CAGR. Nano-biosensors for 78.eight% the phase Nanoswitches & Optical biosensors are anticipated to develop to $fifty two.7 billion via 2019 and register a healthy 20.7% CAGR. Nanosensors will better hit upon the onset of sicknesses along with cancer or coronary heart ailment, and NanoMarkets expects the marketplace for biomedical nanosensors to attain approximately $800 million in 2019. around 18 universities and 53 new research initiatives are exhibited in Nanotechnology convention, Nanotek usa.

Related Conferences of Nano Devices and Nano Sensors:

International Conference on Nanomedicine and Nanotechnology in Health Care, July 25-27, 2016, Bangkok, Thailand; 7th World Nano Conference May 19-21, 2016 Osaka, Japan; 8th World Medical Nanotechnology Congress and Expo June 9-11, 2016 Dallas, USA; 9th Nano Congress for Future Generation June 27-29, 2016 Valencia, Spain; 11th International Conference and Expo on Nanoscience and Molecular Nanotechnology, September 26-28, 2016 London, UK; 12th Nanotechnology Products Expo November 10-12, 2016 Melbourne, Australia; 13th International Conference on Nanotek and Expo, December 05-07, 2016; Conference on Biosensors 2016, Gothenburg, Sweden; Micro Electronic and Mechanical Systems; Industry Group Conference Asia Shanghai, China; Medical Electronics Symposium Portland, Oregon, European Micro Electronics and Mechanical Systems Summit Milan, Italy International Wafer-Level Packaging Conference (IWLPC) San Jose, California.

Related Socities:

Nanometer-Scale Science and Technology Division of the American Vaccum Society

NASA-JSC Area NanoTechnology Study Group

Society for the Advancement of Material and Process Engineering

Track 8: Materials Science and Engineering

Materials science and engineering, is a discipline which deals with the discovery and design of new substances. The research in material technological know-how includes in Transmission electron microscopy in cutting-edge substances technological know-how, advancements of materials technological know-how, Mining and metallurgy, power substances there are 50 universities and a marketplace to growth of 5.1% over the duration 2014-2019. The strength materials marketplace changed into predicted to be $7,292.eight million in 2014 and is projected to boom of 7.8% from 2014 to 2019. Mining and metallurgy for a market share of 68.3% in 2014 and is predicted to growth of 8.3% through 2019. 18 new research tasks can be implemented via quit of 2016.

Related Conferences on Materials Science and Engineering:

6th International Conference and Exhibition on Materials Science and Engineering, September 01-03, 2016 Atlanta, USA; Annual Conference and Expo on Biomaterials, March 14-16, 2016, London, UK; 2nd International Conference and Expo on Ceramics and Composite Materials July 25-27, 2016, Berlin, Germany; International Conference on Applied Crystallography October 17-19, 2016, Houston, USA; Conference on Nanoscience and Nanotechnology (ICONN), Canberra, Australia, The Fundamental Science of Nanotechnology, Oxford, United Kingdom, Smart Materials & Surfaces Conference SMS KOREA 2016, Incheon, Korea, Metallurgical Coatings and Thin Films Conference, San Diego, United States, Faraday Discussion: Nanoparticles with Morphological and Functional Anisotropy 2016, Glasgow, United Kingdom, NANOTEXNOLOGY 2016 Conference Thessaloniki Greece, Conference on ThinFilms2016@Singapore, Singapore, Conference on Biosensors 2016 Gothenburg, Sweden, IEEE Micro Electronics and Mechanical Sytems, Shanghai, China.

Related Socities:

ASME Nanotechnology Institute

International Association of Nanotechnology (IANT)

IEEE Nanotechnology Council

Track 9: Nano Technology in Energy System

Nantoechnology in energy system science and engineering were searching for to expand new and advanced sorts of strength technologies that have the capability of enhancing life all over the world. with a purpose to make the next leap ahead from the cutting-edge era of geothermal technology, scientists and engineers had been developing energy applications of nanotechnology. BCC studies estimates the entire strength-associated market in Photovoltaic gadgets for Batteries and geothermal nanotechnologies and nanomaterials at almost $eight.eight billion in 2012 and $15 billion in 2017, a five-12 months compound annual boom charge (CAGR) of 11.4% through 2017. There are 26 universities and 15 new researches is been happening Electrochemistry. The studies includes in nuclear reactions and gas cells.

Related Conferences of Nano Technology in Energy System:

International Conference on Nanomedicine and Nanotechnology in Health Care, July 25-27, 2016, Bangkok, Thailand; 7th World Nano Conference May 19-21, 2016 Osaka, Japan; 8th World Medical Nanotechnology Congress and Expo June 9-11, 2016 Dallas, USA; 9th Nano Congress for Future Generation June 27-29, 2016 Valencia, Spain; 11th International Conference and Expo on Nanoscience and Molecular Nanotechnology, September 26-28, 2016 London, UK; 12th Nanotechnology Products Expo November 10-12, 2016 Melbourne, Australia; 13th International Conference on Nanotek and Expo, December 05-07, 2016; 4th Conference on Nano and Materials Science (ICNMS 2016) New York, USA, 6th Conference on Advanced Materials Research (ICAMR 2016) Torino, Italy, 4th Nanotechnology-2016 Dubai, UAE, 3rd Advances in Electronics Engineering Conference Hong Kong, China. Micro Electronics and Mechanical Systems Industry Group Conference Asia Shanghai, China, Medical Electronics Symposium Portland, Oregon, European Micro Electronics and Mechanical Systems Summit Milan, Italy, International Wafer-Level Packaging Conference (IWLPC) San Jose, California, TAS Gyeongju, Korea, (ICAMET 2015) Conference on Advanced Material Engineering & Technology Kaohsiung, Taiwan

Related Socities:

Czech Nanotechnology Industries Association (Czech Republic)

Erwin Schrodinger Society for NanoScience(Austria)

European Society for Molecular Imaging (ESMI) (EU)

Track 10: Environment, Health and Safety Issues

The National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health has performed initial studies on how nanoparticles engage with the frames systems and how employees is probably uncovered to nano-sized debris within the production or commercial use of nanomaterials. NIOSH currently offers intervening time pointers for operating with nanomaterials constant with the fine scientific know-how. Nanotechnology activities are been carried out throughout usa by way of maximum of the colleges and institutions on twenty ninth of March. At The National Personal Protective Technology Laboratory of NIOSH, research investigating the clear out penetration of nanoparticles on NIOSH-certified and european marked respirators, in addition to non-licensed dirt mask had been carried out. these research found that the most penetrating particle size variety was between 30 and one hundred nanometers, and leak length changed into the biggest aspect inside the quantity of nanoparticles discovered inside the respirators of the take a look at dummies. The market research on health is the principle trouble.

Related Conferences on Environment, Health and Safety Issues of Nano Technology:

International Conference and Exhibition on Nanomedicine and Nanotechnology in Health Care, July 25-27, 2016, Bangkok, Thailand; 7th World Nano Conference May 19-21, 2016 Osaka, Japan; 8th World Medical Nanotechnology Congress and Expo June 9-11, 2016 Dallas, USA; 9th Nano Congress for Future Generation June 27-29, 2016 Valencia, Spain; 11th International Conference and Expo on Nanoscience and Molecular Nanotechnology, September 26-28, 2016 London, UK; 12th Nanotechnology Products Expo November 10-12, 2016 Melbourne, Australia; 13th International Conference on Nanotek and Expo, December 05-07 Phoenix,USA; 6th International Conference and Exhibition on Materials Science and Engineering, September 01-03, 2016 Atlanta, USA; International Conference on Environmental Toxicology and Ecological Risk Assessment August 25-26, 2016 Sao Paulo, Brazil;16th International conference on Nano Electronics, Miyagi, Japan, 14th Global NanoScience & Technology, Japan, 16th International Conference on Nanotechnology Sendai, Japan, Nanotechnology 2016, Thessaloniki, Greece, 18th International Conference on Microelectronics, Optoelectronics and Nanoelectronic, Dubai, UAE, Nanoelectronics and Nanoengineering, Barcelona, Spain.

Related Socities:

American Nano Society

Russian NanoTechnology Corporation

Sri Lanka Institute of Nanotechnology

Track 11: Applications in Nanotechnology

Programs of nanoelectronics are inquisitive about band engineered Ge-SiGe middle-shell nanowires and subject-impact transistors, spin delivery in germanium nanowires, and the electronic homes of graphene bilayers. In marine and defence it's far used to reduce the noise and offer proper signalling and routes. In textile enterprise there may be development in fibre or yarn. New researcher initiatives about 18 in electronics tasks and 22 in textile are in manner, an annual budget of $20,000 million is been funded to Nanotek corporations . The programs involve in nanoelectronics, Renewable and sustainable strength, civil and mechanical engineering, marine & defence.

Related Conferences on Applications in Nano Technology:

International Conference and Exhibition on Nanomedicine and Nanotechnology in Health Care, July 25-27, 2016, Bangkok, Thailand; 7th World Nano Conference May 19-21, 2016 Osaka, Japan; 8th World Medical Nanotechnology Congress and Expo June 9-11, 2016 Dallas, USA; 9th Nano Congress for Future Generation June 27-29, 2016 Valencia, Spain; 11th International Conference and Expo on Nanoscience and Molecular Nanotechnology, September 26-28, 2016 London, UK; 12th Nanotechnology Products Expo November 10-12, 2016 Melbourne, Australia; 13th International Conference on Nanotek and Expo, December 05-07 Phoenix,USA; Conference and Exhibition on Materials Chemistry Valencia, Spain; Global Nanotechnology Congress and Expo Dubai, UAE; Conference & Expo on Biomaterials London, United Kingdom; 4th Conference on Nanoscience and Nanotechnology (ICNT2016) Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia; Micro Electronics and Mechanical Systems Executive Congress Napa, California; Wearable Sensors and Electronics Santa Clara, California; Power Micro Electronics and Mechanical Systems Cambridge, Massachusetts, TSensors Summit Orlando, Florida.

Related Socities:

NanoScience and Technology Institute

ASME NanoTechnology Institute

Foresight Nanotech Institute

Track 12: Bio Medical Engineering and Applications

Biomedical engineering (BME) is the application of engineering principles and design concepts to medicine and biology for healthcare purposes. The research involves in biomedical imaging, drug delivery, biomedical instrumentation and devices .This field seeks to close the gap between engineering and medicine. About 186 universities around the globe are involved in Tissue engineering, clinical trials of nanoparticles, drug delivery, medical nanotechnology and biomedical instrumentation. About 54 industries in India are doing research in drug delivery and biomedical instrumentation, Annual amount of $8,000millions is been funded to this project. The Tissue Engineering application is the present research project in UK.

Related Conferences on Bio Medical Engineering and Applications:

5th International Conference and Exhibition on Biometrics and Biostatistics, October 20-22, 2016, Houston, USA; 3rd Biomedical Engineering Conference and Expo, September 22-23, 2016, Vienna, Austria; Complex system and Management Asia Singapore, Singapore, 2nd International Conference on Sensors, Materials and Manufacturing Nha Trang, Vietnam, 8th International Conference on Computer Research and Development conference Nha Trang, Vietnam; International Conference on Intelligent and Automation Systems Nha Trang, Vietnam; Mechanical Design and Engineering conference (ICMDE 2016) Torino, Italy, 6th Advanced Materials Research conference (ICAMR 2016) Torino, Italy, 5th Information Computer Application conference Brisbane, Australia, Economic, Management, E-Technology and Applied science conference Orlando, USA, 4th Nanotechnology-2016 Dubai, UAE.

Related Socities:

American Academy of NanoMedicine

American Association for the Advancement of Science

IEEE NanoTechnology Council

Track 13: Bionanotechnology

Bionanotechnology is the term that refers to the crossing point of nanotechnology and bio-science. The subject is one that has just developed recently, Nanobiotechnology serve as cover terms for different related innovations. This subject shows the merger of natural exploration with different fields of nanotechnology. Ideas that are improved through nanobiology include: nanodevices, (for example, natural machines), nanoparticles, and nano-scale marvels that happens inside of the order of nanotechnology. This specialized way to deal with science permits researchers to envision and make frameworks that can be utilized for organic exploration. Naturally motivated nanotechnology utilizes organic frameworks as the motivations for advances not yet made. Notwithstanding, as with nanotechnology and biotechnology, bio-nanotechnology has numerous potential moral issues connected with it.

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Nanotek Conferences | Nanotechnology Conferences in ...

Biotechnology | National Student Leadership Conference

Find solutions for a better world at the NSLC on Biotechnology. ';

The National Student Leadership Conference has a unique partnership with American University to offer college credit for our high school summer programs. The American University is distinguished as a premier global university and known for turning ideas into action and action into service. As a result of this NSLC/AU alliance, students attending the NSLCs summer programs for high school students have the opportunity to take college credit classes taught by American University faculty at all NSLC locations. This credit option enhances your education within the framework of your program experience, without interrupting NSLC activities.

Read more about earning college credit through your NSLC program.

Visit research labs Learn from scientists, doctors and engineers working in advanced research labs during exclusive hands-on tours.

Hands-on experiments Learn the basics of DNA manipulation during intensive biotech experiments.

Explore cutting-edge technologies used in the fields of medicine, energy production, agriculture, and bioengineering.

Summer 2017 Dates & Locations will be available in mid-October. Please check back then or use the links above to request an NSLC brochure.

While at the NSLC, you will have the opportunity to step into the lab and learn hands-on the skills used in the field of biotechnology to manipulate DNA and create products like better medicines and cleaner fuels.

Lab experiences will include:

While at the NSLC on Biotechnology program, you will meet with and learn from leaders in the biotechnology field. In past years, guest speakers have included:

Dr. Francis S. Collins Director, National Institutes of Health

Dr. Ben Busby Computational Biology Branch, National Center for Biotechnology Information

Dr. Eric D. Green Director, National Human Genome Research Institute (NIH)

Dean Stephen Carr Associate Dean of Undergraduate Engineering, Northwestern University

Dr. Jon R. Lorsch Director, National Insitute of General Medical Sciences

Dr. Anthony S. Fauci Director, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIH)

An important part of the NSLCs Biotechnology youth leadership program is seeing the sites around some of our nations greatest cities. These trips are designed as both sightseeing tours and exclusive educational trips specifically tailored to the area of Biotechnology:

At the heart of each of our youth leadership programs is a curriculum designed to build concrete leadership skills that will help you succeed. From the beginning of your program you will learn to work as a team during an exciting Ropes Challenge Course. Interactive lectures and small-group workshops will give you an opportunity to build upon your strengths and minimize your weaknesses.

Leadership topics tailored to the Biotechnology program include:

Tuition

Scholarships

Fundraising

Tuition

Your NSLC tuition is all-inclusive. Your tuition covers course materials, housing, on-campus meals, social events and transportation throughout your program.

Learn More...

Program tuition is all-inclusive. It covers course materials, housing, on-campus meals, social events and transportation in air-conditioned motor coaches throughout the program. Each student is responsible for the cost of travel to and from the program as well as individual spending money.

Cancellation Fees and Refund Policy All cancellations must be submitted in writing (email is acceptable). The following cancellation fees apply to all NSLC enrollments:

NSLC will refund all funds minus the cancellation fee listed above. No refunds will be given after May 16th, 2016. Student Protection Plan fees for accepted students are non-refundable.

Instead of cancelling, you may elect to apply your total payments toward a program next year. If so, you will be enrolled in our 2017 Pre-Registration and sent an email in the fall of 2016 to select the program/session you wish to attend. Note: If you choose to cancel your enrollment and not attend a 2017 program, the cancellation fees above will still apply.

Note: If an application is rejected or if space in the program is not available, all deposits/payments will be refunded in full.

Scholarships

We offer a comprehensive scholarship program to assist qualified students with the cost of NSLC tuition, based on financial need, academic merit and extracurriculars.

Apply Now...

Fundraising

Fundraising is a great way to raise funds to contribute toward your NSLC program tuition while also forging relationships with leaders in your community.

Learn More...

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Biotechnology | National Student Leadership Conference

Biotechnology Conferences | Biotechnology Events | CPD …

Track 1:Pharmaceutical Biotechnology

Pharmaceutical Biotechnology is the science that covers all technologies required for producing, manufacturing and registration of biological drugs.Pharmaceutical Biotechnologyis an increasingly important area of science and technology. It contributes in design and delivery of new therapeutic drugs,diagnosticagents for medical tests, and in gene therapy for correcting the medical symptoms of hereditary diseases. The Pharmaceutical Biotechnology is widely spread, ranging from many ethical issues to changes inhealthcarepractices and a significant contribution to the development of national economy.Biopharmaceuticalsconsists of large biological molecules which areproteins. They target the underlying mechanisms and pathways of a disease or ailment; it is a relatively young industry. They can deal with targets in humans that are not accessible with traditional medicines.

RelatedBiotechnology Conferences

6thWorld Congress onBiotechnology, October 05-07, 2016, New Delhi India; 10thAsia PacificBiotechCongress July 25-27, 2016, Bangkok, Thailand; 2ndIndustrialBiotechnologyCongress, July 28-29, 2016, Berlin, Germany; 12thBiotechnologyCongress, Nov 14-15, 2016, San Francisco, USA; Global Biotechnology Congress 2016, May 11th - 14th 2016, Boston, MA, USA;BiomarkerSummit 2016, March 21-23, 2016 San Diego, CA, USA; 14th Vaccines Research & Development, July 7-8, 2016 Boston, USA; Pharmaceutical &Biotech Patent LitigationForum, Mar 14 - 15, 2016, Amsterdam, Netherlands;

Track 2:Biotechnology in Health Care

Biotechnology in health care represents the complex of modern biological approaches in the field of healthcare research and industry. Healthcare Biotechnology methods are used primarily in pharmaceutical industry and modern clinical diagnostics. The research training in this domain is programmed for the candidates intending to develop their careers in scientific-research institutions, clinical anddiagnostic laboratories, analytical services,pharmacologicalandpharmaceutical companies, etc. For the first time in the history of human healthcare, biotechnology is enabling the development and manufacturing of therapies for a number of rare diseases with a genetic origin. Although individually rare, collectively thesediseasesaffect some 20-30 million individuals and their families with 70-80% having a genetic component requiring biotechnology as part of the solution.

RelatedBiotechnology Conferences

6thWorld Congress onBiotechnology, October 05-07, 2016, New Delhi India; 10thAsia PacificBiotechCongress July 25-27, 2016, Bangkok, Thailand; 2ndIndustrialBiotechnologyCongress, July 28-29, 2016, Berlin, Germany; 12thBiotechnologyCongress, Nov 14-15, 2016, San Francisco, USA; 3rd CaribbeanBiomedicalResearch Days, January 16-18, 2016, Rodney Bay, Saint Lucia; GlobalBiotechnologyCongress 2016, May 11th-14th 2016, Boston, MA, USA;BiomarkerSummit 2016, March 21-23, 2016 San Diego, CA, USA; 14thVaccinesResearch & Development, July 7-8, Boston, USA;Pharmaceutical&BiotechPatentLitigation Forum, Mar 14 - 15, 2016, Amsterdam, Netherlands; 4thBiomarkersinDiagnostics, Oct 07-08, 2015 Berlin, Germany, DEU.

Track 3:Food Biotechnology

Food biotechnology is a process scientists use to enhance the production,nutritional value, safety, and taste of foods. It can also benefit the environment by improving crops so that they need fewerpesticides. The concept is not new: For centuries farmers have selectively bred plants to pass on desirable qualities. For example, our ancestors began by replanting only corn seeds from the highest yielding and best tasting corn they grew each year. This process selected desirable genes and fixed them by growing the seeds of the selected crop year after year. The result: the golden, deliciously sweet product we now enjoy. Modernfood biotechnologyis a refined version of this same process. Today, scientists obtain desired traits by adding or removing plant genes. This process is called genetic engineering or recombinant DNA technology. It yields foods that are flavorful, contain more vitamins and minerals, and absorb less fat when cooked, and gives us crops that are more resistant to pests and insects. Food biotechnology holds great promise for the future. Soon, fruits and vegetables may be made to resist drought. We may remove allergens from foods such as nuts. Scientists may develop plants that absorb nitrogen more efficiently and need lessfertilizer. The benefits are nearly limitless!

RelatedBiotechnology Conferences

3rdGlobal Food Safety Conference, September 01-03, 2016, Atlanta USA; 10thAsia PacificBiotechCongress July 25-27, 2016, Bangkok, Thailand; 2ndIndustrialBiotechnologyCongress, July 28-29, 2016, Berlin, Germany; 12thBiotechnologyCongress, Nov 14-15, 2016, San Francisco, USA;BiologicallyActive Compounds inFood, October 15-16 2015 Lodz, Poland; World Conference on InnovativeAnimal NutritionandFeeding, October 15-17, 2015 Budapest, Hungary; 18th International Conference onFood ScienceandBiotechnology, November 28 - 29, 2016, Istanbul, Turkey; 18th International Conference onAgricultural Science,Biotechnology,FoodandAnimal Science, January 7 - 8, 2016, Singapore; International IndonesiaSeafood and Meat, 1517 October 2016, Jakarta, Indonesia; International Conference of Eco-friendlyApplied BiologicalControl ofAgricultural PestsandPhytopathogens, 19 -22 October 2015, Cairo, Egypt;Food Structures,DigestionandHealth3rd International Conference, 28-30 October, Wellington, New Zealand; Conference ofCereal BiotechnologyandBreeding, November 2-4, 2015, Berlin, Germany; AdvancedWater TreatmentforFood & Beverage, November 3-4, 2015 Amsterdam, Netherlands.

Track 4:Industrial and Microbial Biotechnology

Industrial or white biotechnology uses enzymes and micro-organisms to make biobased products in sectors such as chemicals,food and feed, detergents, paper and pulp, textiles andbioenergy. The application of industrial biotechnology has been proven to make significant contributions towards mitigating the impacts of climate change in these and other sectors. In addition to environmental benefits, biotechnology can improve industrys performance and product value and, as the technology develops and matures,white biotechnologywill yield more and more viable solutions for our environment. These innovative solutions bring added benefits for both our climate and our economy.

RelatedBiotechnology Conferences

6thWorld Congress onBiotechnology, October 05-07, 2016, New Delhi India; 10thAsia PacificBiotechCongress July 25-27, 2016, Bangkok, Thailand; 2ndIndustrialBiotechnologyCongress, July 28-29, 2016, Berlin, Germany; 12thBiotechnologyCongress, Nov 14-15, 2016, San Francisco, USA; BIO IPCC Conference, Cary, North Carolina, USA; World Congress onIndustrial Biotechnology, April 17-20, 2016, San Diego, CA; The European Forum forIndustrial Biotechnologyand theBioeconomy, 27-29 October 2015, Brussels, Belgium; 4thBiotechnologyWorld Congress, February 15th-18th, 2016, Dubai, United Arab Emirates; International Conference on Advances inBioprocess EngineeringandTechnology, 20th to 22nd January 2016,Kolkata, India; GlobalBiotechnologyCongress 2016, May 11th - 14th 2016, Boston, MA, USA

Track 5:Nanobiotechnology

Nanobiotechnologyis beginning to allow scientists, engineers, and physicians to work at the cellular and molecular levels to produce major benefits to life sciences and healthcare. In the next century, the emerging field of nanotechnology will lead to new biotechnology based industries and novel approaches in medicine. Nanobiotechnology is that branch of nanotechnology that deals with biological and biochemical applications or uses. Nanobiotechnology often studies existing elements of living organisms and nature to fabricate newnano-devices. Generally, nanobiotechnology refers to the use of nanotechnology to further the goals of biotechnology. Some of the innovative challenges in the field of biology are: New molecular imaging techniques, Quantitative analytical tools, Physical model of the cell as a machine, Better ex-vivo tests and improvement in current laboratory techniques and Better drug delivery systems.

RelatedBiotechnology Conferences

6thWorld Congress onBiotechnology, October 05-07, 2016, New Delhi India; 10thAsia PacificBiotechCongress July 25-27, 2016, Bangkok, Thailand; 2ndIndustrial BiotechnologyCongress, July 28-29, 2016, Berlin, Germany; 12thBiotechnologyCongress, Nov 14-15, 2016, San Francisco, USA;NanoBioTech-Montreux, November 16-18, 2015, Switzerland; International Conference onNanobiotechnology(ICNB'16), April 1-2, 2016, Prague, Czech Republic; InternationalNanotechnologyConference & Expo, April 4-6, 2016 Baltimore, USA;

Track 6:Plant Biotechnology

Plant biotechnology is the technique used to manipulate the plants for specific needs or requirement. In traditional process seed is the major source for germinating a new plant but the advance method is independent that combines multiple needs to get the required traits.Plant biotechnologymeets the challenge that includesgenomics,genetic engineering,tissue culture, andtransgenic cropsetc. These biotechnological applications allow researchers to detect and map genes and discover their functions, selection of specific genes in genetic resources and its breeding and to customize the plant according to the requirement by transferring the genes of specific traits to combine with others to create a new species. The recent advances in plant biotechnology provide potential way to make improvements much more quickly than conventionalplant breedingtechniques. Plant tissue culture is a part of plant biotechnology which is the collection of many techniques that is used to maintain and grow plant, plant cells, plant tissues under controlled sterile conditions over the nutrient medium. Plant tissue culture is the convenient method produce clones of a plant through the process calledmicropropagation. The main advantage of this method is to produce exact and multiple copies of plants with good desired properties like good flowers, fruits and other characters within small span of time. Production of multiple plants without seed, production of genetically modified plants, the tissue culture plants are resistant to the diseases,pathogensand pests, also it is the best method to store the gene pools and many more

RelatedBiotechnology Conferences

6thWorld Congress onBiotechnology, October 05-07, 2016, New Delhi India; 10thAsia PacificBiotechCongress July 25-27, 2016, Bangkok, Thailand; 2ndIndustrialBiotechnologyCongress, July 28-29, 2016, Berlin, Germany; 12thBiotechnologyCongress, Nov 14-15, 2016, San Francisco, USA; 3rd CaribbeanBiomedicalResearch Days, January 16-18, 2016, Rodney Bay, Saint Lucia;Global BiotechnologyCongress 2016, May 11th - 14th 2016, Boston, MA, USA; 18th International Conference onAgricultural Biotechnology, Biological and Biosystems Engineering, January 18-19, 2016, London, United Kingdom; 2nd International Conference on Biotechnology andAgriculture EngineeringApril 08-09 2016 in Tokyo, Japan; Food Structures, Digestion andHealth3rd International Conference, 28-30 October 2015, Wellington, New Zealand; 3rd Conference ofCereal Biotechnologyand Breeding, November 2-4, 2015, Berlin, Germany;

Track 7:Agricultural Biotechnology

Agricultural biotechnologyis the area of biotechnology involving applications to agriculture. Agricultural biotechnology has been practiced for a long time, as people have sought to improve agriculturally important organisms by selection and breeding. An example of traditional agricultural biotechnology is the development of disease-resistant wheat varieties by cross-breeding different wheat types until the desired disease resistance was present in a resulting new variety. Modern agricultural biotechnology improves crops in more targeted ways. The best known technique is genetic modification, but the term agricultural biotechnology (or green biotechnology) also covers such techniques as Marker Assisted Breeding, which increases the effectiveness of conventional breeding. Whatever the particular technology used, the crops may be destined for use for food,biomaterialsor energy production.Genetic modificationmeans that existing genes are modified or new genes included to give plant varieties desirable characteristics, such as resistance to certain pests or herbicides, or forvitaminfortification. Because only a few genes with known traits are transferred, GM methods are more targeted and faster thantraditional breeding. Biotechnology has helped to increase crop productivity by introducing such qualities as disease resistance and increased drought tolerance to the crops.

RelatedBiotechnology Conferences

6thWorld Congress onBiotechnology, October 05-07, 2016, New Delhi India; 10thAsia PacificBiotechCongress July 25-27, 2016, Bangkok, Thailand; 2ndIndustrialBiotechnologyCongress, July 28-29, 2016, Berlin, Germany; 12thBiotechnologyCongress, Nov 14-15, 2016, San Francisco, USA; Conference onAgricultural Statistics2015, Sarawak, Malaysia; 2nd International Conference onGlobal Food Security, 11-14 October 2015, Ithaca, United States; 5th International Conference onOrganic AgricultureSciences, 14th-17th October 2015, Bratislava, Slovakia; 18thInternational Conference onAgricultural, Biotechnology, Biological and Biosystems Engineering, January 18-19, 2016, London, United Kingdom; 2nd International Conference on Biotechnology andAgriculture EngineeringApril 08-09 2016 in Tokyo, Japan;Food Structures, Digestion andHealth3rd International Conference, 28-30 October 2015, Wellington, New Zealand; 3rd Conference of Cereal Biotechnology andBreeding, November 2-4, 2015, Berlin, Germany; AdvancedWater TreatmentforFood & Beverage, 3-4 Nov 2015, Amsterdam, Netherlands

Track 8:Environmental Biotechnology

Environmental biotechnology is biotechnology that is applied to and used to study the natural environment. Environmental biotechnology could also imply that one try to harness biological process for commercial uses and exploitation. The International Society for Environmental Biotechnology defines environmental biotechnology as "the development, use and regulation of biological systems for remediation of contaminated environments (land, air, water), and for environment-friendly processes (green manufacturing technologies and sustainable development)

RelatedBiotechnology Conferences

5th International Conference onBiodiversity, March 10-12, 2016 at Madrid, Spain; International Conference on Biotechnology andEnvironmental ManagementSeptember 14-15 Milan, Italy; 6thWorld Congress onBiotechnology, October 05-07, 2016, New Delhi India; 10thAsia PacificBiotechCongress July 25-27, 2016, Bangkok, Thailand; 2ndIndustrial BiotechnologyCongress, July 28-29, 2016, Berlin, Germany; 12thBiotechnologyCongress, Nov 14-15, 2016, San Francisco, USA; International Conference onGreen Energy& Expo September 21-23, 2015 Orlando, FL, USA; International Conference on Environment,Energy and Biotechnology, May 25, 2016 Jeju Island, Republic of Korea; International Conference on Energy andEnvironmental Biotechnology, November 24 - 25, 2015 Dubai, UAE; Science for theEnvironmentConference 2015, October 1-2 2016 Aarhus, Denmark; International Conference onEnvironmental Scienceand Technology 14th to 17th May 2016, Antalya, Turkey

Track 9:Marine Biotechnology

Marine Biotechnology is a relatively new field of study, having emerged in the past few years. The Marine Biotechnology is intended to host scientific contributions inmarine sciencethat are based on the enormousbiodiversityof marine ecosystems and the genetic uniqueness of marine organisms to develop useful products and applications.Aquaculture& Marine Biotechnology have been the subject of great importance not only because of the sustainable utilization of their resources to feed the billion people of the world but also for the future challenges for discovery of new products and process development of economic importance through its treasure recognition and diversification. Apart from contributing to high quality and healthy food (aquaculture),nutraceuticalsand medicinal products (anti-cancer andantimicrobials), this sector is expected to contribute to sustainable alternative source of energy (biofuelfrom microalgae) and environmental health. Marine Biotechnology is capable of making an important contribution towards meeting impending challenges like a sustainable supply of food and energy and human health.

RelatedBiotechnology Conferences

5th International Conference on Biodiversity, March 10-12, 2016 at Madrid, Spain; International Conference on Biotechnology and Environmental Management September 14-15, Milan, Italy; 6thWorld Congress onBiotechnology, October 05-07, 2016, New Delhi India; 10thAsia PacificBiotechCongress July 25-27, 2016, Bangkok, Thailand; 2ndIndustrial BiotechnologyCongress, July 28-29, 2016, Berlin, Germany; 12thBiotechnologyCongress, Nov 14-15, 2016, San Francisco, USA;BioMarine2015, 12-14 Oct 2016, Wilmington, NC, United States; International Conference onMarine BiotechnologyandBioprocessing, December 10 - 11, 2015, Sydney, Australia; Annual world congress ofMarine Biotechnology-2015, November 6-8 2015, Qingdao, China;Global BiotechnologyCongress 2016, May 11th - 14th 2016, Boston, MA, USA; Annual InternationalMarine BiotechnologyConference, Nov 20, 2013, Brisbane, Australia

Track 10:Current Scenario of Biotechnology

Due to multidisciplinary nature of the field of biotechnology, a wide range of different branches of science have made significant contributions to the fast development of this field. Some of these disciplines are-biochemical engineering,physiology,biochemistry,food science,material science,bioinformatics,immunology,molecular biology,chemical engineeringetc. Biotechnology is also improving the lives of people around the world. Biotechnology also has affected economy in a positive way due to the creation and growth of small business, generation of new jobs. Agricultural biotechnology has reduced our dependency on pesticides.Bioremediation technologiesare being used to clean our environment by removing toxic substances from contaminated ground water and soils. about 60% of the biotechnology products in the market are healthcare products and 21% are products used in agriculture andanimal husbandry. A considerable amount of efforts in research are on, to use and extract benefit from this interesting and upcoming field for the betterment of human life and the environment. Many biochemical companies are involved in the production of biotechnological products usinggenetic engineeringtechniques.

RelatedBiotechnology Conferences

6thWorld Congress onBiotechnology, October 05-07, 2016, New Delhi India; 10thAsia PacificBiotechCongress July 25-27, 2016, Bangkok, Thailand; 2ndIndustrial BiotechnologyCongress, July 28-29, 2016, Berlin, Germany; 12thBiotechnologyCongress, Nov 14-15, 2016, San Francisco, USA;Global BiotechnologyCongress 2016, May 11th - 14th 2016, Boston, MA, USA;Global BiotechnologyCongress 2016, May 11th - 14th 2016, Boston, MA, USA;

Track 11:Animal Biotechnology

Biotechnology provides new tools for improvinghuman healthand animal health and welfare and increasinglivestock productivity. Biotechnology improves the food we eat-meat, milk and eggs. Biotechnology can improve an animals impact on the environment. And biotechnology enhances ability to detect, treat and prevent diseases. Just like other assistedreproduction techniquessuch asartificial insemination,embryo transferandin vitro fertilization, livestockcloningimproves animal breeding programs allowing farmers and ranchers to produce healthier offspring, and therefore producer healthier, safer and higher quality foods more consistently.

RelatedBiotechnology Conferences|Biotechnology Events|Biochemistry Conferences

6thWorld Congress onBiotechnology, October 05-07, 2016, New Delhi India; 10thAsia PacificBiotechCongress July 25-27, 2016, Bangkok, Thailand; 2ndIndustrial BiotechnologyCongress, July 28-29, 2016, Berlin, Germany; 12thBiotechnologyCongress, Nov 14-15, 2016, San Francisco, USA;Global BiotechnologyCongress 2016, May 11th - 14th 2016, Boston, MA, USA;BiomarkerSummit 2016, March 21-23, 2016 San Diego, CA, USA; 14thVaccinesResearch & Development, July 7-8, Boston, USA;

Track 12:Biomass and Bioenergy

Bioenergyis the chemical energy contained in organic matter (biomass) which can be converted into energy forms that we can use directly, such as electricity, heat and liquid fuel. Biomass is any organic matter of recently living plant or animal origin. Unlike coal, the organic matter is notfossilised.Bioenergy plantscan range from small domestic heating systems to multi-megawatt industrial plants requiring hundreds of thousands of tonnes ofbiomassfuel each year. A variety of technologies exists to release and use the energy contained in biomass. They range from combustion technologies that are well proven and widely used around the world for generating electricity generation, to emerging technologies that convert biomass intoliquid fuelsfor road, sea and air transport.

RelatedBiotechnology Conferences

6thWorld Congress onBiotechnology, October 05-07, 2016, New Delhi India; 10thAsia PacificBiotechCongress July 25-27, 2016, Bangkok, Thailand; 2ndIndustrial BiotechnologyCongress, July 28-29, 2016, Berlin, Germany; 12thBiotechnologyCongress, Nov 14-15, 2016, San Francisco, USA;Global BiotechnologyCongress 2016, May 11th - 14th 2016, Boston, MA, USA; IEABioenergyConference 2016, October 26th-29th2016, Berlin, Germany; Summit onIndustrial biotechnologyandBioenergy, December 7 -9, 2016 San Diego, California; Energy Conference, Des Moines, Oct 13-15 Iowa, USA; EuropeanBiomassConference and Exhibition Amsterdam, 6-9, June, Germany Netherlands; EcoSummit 2016, August 29 - September 01 2016, Montpellier, France; InternationalBioenergyand Bioproducts Conference, October 28-30, 2016 Atlanta, Georgia; 2016 InternationalBiomassConference & Expo, Charlotte, North Carolina;World Bioenergy2016, May 24-26 2016, Stockholm, Sweden; 2016 InternationalFuel EthanolWorkshop & Expo, June 20-23, 2016 Milwaukee, Wisconsin.

Track 13:Biotechnology and its Applications

The applications of biotechnology are so broad, and the advantages so compelling, that virtually every industry is using this technology. Developments are underway in areas as diverse aspharmaceuticals, diagnostics,textiles,aquaculture,forestry, chemicals, household products,environmental cleanup,food processingand forensics to name a few. Biotechnology is enabling these industries to make new or better products, often with greater speed, efficiency and flexibility. Biotechnology holds significant promise to the future but certain amount of risk is associated with any area.

RelatedBiotechnology Conferences

6thWorld Congress onBiotechnology, October 05-07, 2016, New Delhi India; 10thAsia PacificBiotechCongress July 25-27, 2016, Bangkok, Thailand; 2ndIndustrial BiotechnologyCongress, July 28-29, 2016, Berlin, Germany; 12thBiotechnologyCongress, Nov 14-15, 2016, San Francisco, USA;Global BiotechnologyCongress 2016, May 11th - 14th 2016, Boston, MA, USA; IEABioenergyConference 2016, October 26th-29th2016, Berlin, Germany; Summit onIndustrial biotechnologyandBioenergy, December 7 -9, 2016 San Diego, California;Global BiotechnologyCongress 2016, May 11th - 14th 2016, Boston, MA, USA;

Track 14:Biotechnology Market

The growth of Biotechnology industry as per Transparency Market Research is estimated to observe substantial growth during 2010 and 2017 as investments from around the world are anticipated to rise, especially from emerging economical regions of the world. The report states that the global market for biotechnology, studied according to its application areas, shall grow at an average annual growth rate of CAGR 11.6% from 2012 to 2017 and reach a value worth USD 414.5 billion by the end of 2017. This market was valued approximately USD 216.5 billion in 2011. The market of bioagriculture, combined with that of bioseeds, is projected to reach a value worthUSD 27.46 billionby 2018. The field of biopharmaceuticals dominated the global biotechnology market and accounted for 60% shares of it in the year 2011. Many biotechnological industries flourished by the technological advancements leading to new discoveries and rising demands from the pharmaceutical and agricultural sectors.

RelatedBiotechnology Conferences

6thWorld Congress onBiotechnology, October 05-07, 2016, New Delhi India; 10thAsia PacificBiotechCongress July 25-27, 2016, Bangkok, Thailand; 2ndIndustrial BiotechnologyCongress, July 28-29, 2016, Berlin, Germany; 12thBiotechnologyCongress, Nov 14-15, 2016, San Francisco, USA;Global BiotechnologyCongress 2016, May 11th - 14th 2016, Boston, MA, USA;BIO Investor Forum, October 20-21, 2015, San Francisco, USA; BIO Latin America Conference, October 14-16, 2015, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil; BioPharm Americ 2015-8thAnnual International Partnering Conference, September 15-17, 2015, Boston, MA, USA;

Track 15: Biotech Companies and Market Analysis

The biotechnology community in Europe has seen significant growth in recent years. By establishing itself in several key niche markets, the European biotech and pharma industries have thrived in the global biopharmaceutical market. Europe high standards for their life science educational systems have increased the level of growth and the quality of Europes workforce and broadened Europes reach within the world. With a dedication to innovation and research, Europe has established itself as a leader in biotechnology.

RelatedBiotechnology Conferences

6thWorld Congress onBiotechnology, October 05-07, 2016, New Delhi India; 10thAsia PacificBiotechCongress July 25-27, 2016, Bangkok, Thailand; 2ndIndustrial BiotechnologyCongress, July 28-29, 2016, Berlin, Germany; 12thBiotechnologyCongress, Nov 14-15, 2016, San Francisco, USA;Global BiotechnologyCongress 2016, May 11th - 14th 2016, Boston, MA, USA;BIO Investor Forum, October 20-21, 2015, San Francisco, USA; BIO Latin America Conference, October 14-16, 2015, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil; BioPharm Americ 2015-8thAnnual International Partnering Conference, September 15-17, 2015, Boston, MA, USA;

Track 16: Biotech Startups and Funding:

Biotechnology being an emerging industry, game-changing strategies and relevant application of the knowledge-intelligence resource pool, drive the process of growth. Europe Biotechnology seeks to enhance, enrich and encourage newer innovations, path-breaking discoveries and effective solutions in the industry by offering a vibrant global platform for convergence of the key stakeholders - Biotech & Biopharma Companies, research institutions, investors, service providers, policy makers, regulators and analysts.

RelatedBiotechnology Conferences

6thWorld Congress onBiotechnology, October 05-07, 2016, New Delhi India; 10thAsia PacificBiotechCongress July 25-27, 2016, Bangkok, Thailand; 2ndIndustrial BiotechnologyCongress, July 28-29, 2016, Berlin, Germany; 12thBiotechnologyCongress, Nov 14-15, 2016, San Francisco, USA;Global BiotechnologyCongress 2016, May 11th - 14th 2016, Boston, MA, USA;BIO Investor Forum, October 20-21, 2015, San Francisco, USA; BIO Latin America Conference, October 14-16, 2015, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil; BioPharm Americ 2015-8thAnnual International Partnering Conference, September 15-17, 2015, Boston, MA, USA;

Track 17: Advances in Biotech Manufacturing

The biotechnology community in Asia has seen significant growth in recent years. By establishing itself in several key niche markets, the European biotech and pharma industries have thrived in the global biopharmaceutical market. Asias high standards for their life science educational systems have increased the level of growth and the quality of Asias workforce and broadened Asias reach within the world. With a dedication to innovation and research, Asia has established itself as a leader in biotechnology.

RelatedBiotechnology Conferences

6thWorld Congress onBiotechnology, October 05-07, 2016, New Delhi India; 10thAsia PacificBiotechCongress July 25-27, 2016, Bangkok, Thailand; 2ndIndustrial BiotechnologyCongress, July 28-29, 2016, Berlin, Germany; 12thBiotechnologyCongress, Nov 14-15, 2016, San Francisco, USA;Global BiotechnologyCongress 2016, May 11th - 14th 2016, Boston, MA, USA;BIO Investor Forum, October 20-21, 2015, San Francisco, USA; BIO Latin America Conference, October 14-16, 2015, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil; BioPharm Americ 2015-8thAnnual International Partnering Conference, September 15-17, 2015, Boston, MA, USA;

Track 18: Biotech Investors and Grants

The biotechnology industry hauled in $2.3 billion worth of venture capital investments during the second quarter of this yeara 32% increase over the prior quarter, according to the newest MoneyTree Report from PricewaterhouseCoopers (PwC) and the National Venture Capital Association (NVCA), with data from Thomson Reuters. The 126 deals struck during the period marked the biggest quarterly investment in biotech since the MoneyTree report first came out in 1995, and it brought the total for the first half to $3.8 billion.

RelatedBiotechnology Conferences

6thWorld Congress onBiotechnology, October 05-07, 2016, New Delhi India; 10thAsia PacificBiotechCongress July 25-27, 2016, Bangkok, Thailand; 2ndIndustrial BiotechnologyCongress, July 28-29, 2016, Berlin, Germany; 12thBiotechnologyCongress, Nov 14-15, 2016, San Francisco, USA;Global BiotechnologyCongress 2016, May 11th - 14th 2016, Boston, MA, USA;BIO Investor Forum, October 20-21, 2015, San Francisco, USA; BIO Latin America Conference, October 14-16, 2015, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil; BioPharm Americ 2015-8thAnnual International Partnering Conference, September 15-17, 2015, Boston, MA, USA;

8th Euro Biotechnology Congress (Euro Biotechnology-2015) was held during August 18-20, 2015 at Flemings Conference Hotel, Frankfurt, Germany. The conference was marked with the attendance of Editorial Board Members of supported OMICS Group Journals, Scientists, young and brilliant researchers, business delegates and talented student communities representing more than 30 countries, who made this conference fruitful and productive.

This conference was based on the theme Biotechnology for a Better Tomorrow which included the following scientific tracks:

Biotechnology in Health Care Environmental Biotechnology Industrial Aspects of Biotechnology Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine Marine Biotechnology and Aquaculture Agriculture Biotechnology Animal Biotechnology Food and Bio Process Biotechnology Cell and Molecular Biology Nanobiotechnology Genetic Engineering and rDNA Technology Current Scenarios and other allied areas of Biotechnology

We are thankful to our below Honourable guests and Keynote Speakers for their generous support and suggestions.

Manfred T Reetz Philipps-University, Germany

W Tim Miller - Echelon-Frontier Scientific Inc, USA

Wilfried Schwab - Technische Universitt Mnchen, Germany

Aline Zimmer- Merck Millipore, Germany

The conference proceedings were carried out through various Scientific-sessions and plenary lectures, of which the following topics were highlighted as Keynote-presentations:

Increasing the efficiency of directed evolution of enzymes: Manfred T Reetz, Philipps-University of Marburg, Germany

Trade secrets and laboratory security: Frontier Scientific Inc, USA

Aroma glucoside production: Wilfried Schwab, Technische Universitt Mnchen, Germany

Chemically modified cysteine in fed-batch processes and impact on CHO specific productivity: Aline Zimmer, Merck Millipore, USA

Synthetic mRNAs present a rapidly growing technology: Optimized tool for stem cell generation and for manipulating cellular phenotypes : Guido Krupp, Amptec GmbH, Germany

Novel synthetic anti-microbial defensins through confrontational selection and screening of yeast libraries: K Yankulov, University of Guelph, Canada

Long acting recombinant glycoprotein hormones: From bench to clinics, Fuad Fares, University of Haifa, Israel

Poster Session was judged by K Yankulov, University of Guelph, Canada

The esteemed guests, Keynote speakers, well-known researchers and delegates shared their innovative research and vast experience through their fabulous presentations at the podium of grand Euro Biotechnology-2015. We are glad to inform that all accepted abstracts for the conference have been published in OMICS Group Journal of Biotechnology & Biomaterials as a special issue.

We are also obliged to various delegate experts, company representatives and other eminent personalities who supported the conference by facilitating active discussion forums. We sincerely thank the Organizing Committee Members for their gracious presence, support, and assistance. With the unique feedback from the conference, OMICS Group would like to announce the commencement of the 11th Euro Biotechnology Congress" to be held during November 07-09, 2016 at Alicante, Spain

Let us meet Again @ Euro Biotechnology-2016

Biotechnology-2014

OMICS Group Conferencessuccessfully hosted its premier5thWorld Congress on Biotechnologyduring June25-27, 2014 Valencia Conference centre, Valencia Spain

This World congress was accomplished by the support of European Biotechnology Thematic Network Association (EBTNA), Valencia Bioregion (BIOVAL), Federation of Spanish Biotechnologist (FEBiotec) and Societ Italo-Latinoamericana di Etnomedicina (SILAE). Biotechnology-2014 marked with the attendance of Editorial Board Members of supported OMICS Group Journals, Scientists, young and brilliant researchers, business delegates and talented student communities representing more than 25 countries, who made this conference fruitful and productive.

This5thWorld Congress on Biotechnologywas based on the theme the theme Biotechnology: Meeting the Needs of a Changing World which has covered the below scientific sessions:

The conference was greeted by the welcome message ofProf. Cheorl-Ho KimSung Kyun Kwan University, Korea and moderated byProf. Martin J. DSouza, Mercer University, USA. The support was extended by the below honourable guest Em. Prof.Marc Van Montagu, (World Food Laureate 2013) University of Gent, Belgium, Prof.Roberto Gaxiola, Arizona State University, USA, Prof.Ara Kanekanian, Cardiff Metropolitan University, UK, Prof.Manuel P. Alonso,University of Valencia, Spain, Prof.Cheorl-H. Kim,Sung Kyun Kwan University,Dr. Srinubabu Gedela, OMICS Group Inc, USA and below keynote lectures:

OMICS GroupInternational acknowledge the support of below Chairs and Co-chairs foe whom we were able to run smoothly the scientific sessions includes: Alain Goossens, Ghent University, Belgium, Oscar Vicente, IBMCP, Polytechnic University of Valencia, Spain, Ara Kanekanian, Cardiff Metropolitan University, UK, Ana M. Hortigela, Instituto de Medicina Genmica, Spain, Cheorl-H Kim, Sung Kyun Kwan University, Korea, Martin J. DSouza, Mercer University, USA, Marina V. Frontasyeva, Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Russian Federation, Zlatka Alexieva, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Bulgaria, Salvador Ventura, Universitat Autnoma de Barcelona, Spain, Giuseppe Manco, Institute of Protein Biochemistry, National Research Council (CNR), Italy, Aihua Liu, Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy & Bioprocess, CAS, China, Amparo Pascual-Ahuir Giner, Universidad Politecnica de Valencia, Spain.

The rest is here:
Biotechnology Conferences | Biotechnology Events | CPD ...

Considering Whether an FDA-Regulated Product Involves the …

Guidance for Industry 1

June 2014

Contains Nonbinding Recommendations

I. Introduction and Scope II. Discussion A. Points to Consider B. Rationale for Elements within the Points to Consider III. Conclusion IV. References

Nanotechnology is an emerging technology that can be used in a broad array of FDA-regulated products, including medical products (e.g. to increase bioavailability of a drug), foods (e.g., to improve food packaging) and cosmetics (e.g. to affect the look and feel of cosmetics). Materials in the nanoscale range (i.e., with at least one dimension in the size range of approximately 1 nanometer (nm) to 100 nm) can exhibit different chemical or physical properties, or biological effects compared to larger-scale counterparts. For example, dimension-dependent properties or phenomena may be used for functional effects such as increased bioavailability, decreased dosage, or increased potency of a drug product, decreased toxicity of a drug product, better detection of pathogens, more protective food packaging materials, or improved delivery of a functional ingredient or a nutrient in food (Refs. 1-6). These effects may derive from altered chemical, biological, or magnetic properties, altered electrical or optical activity, increased structural integrity, or other unique characteristics of materials in the nanoscale range not normally observed or expected in larger-scale materials with the same chemical composition (Ref. 7). Materials or end products may also exhibit similar properties or phenomena attributable to a dimension(s) outside the nanoscale range of approximately 1 nm to 100 nm (Refs. 27-30; see also discussion in Section II.B.5).

For the purpose of this guidance only, references to products that involve the application of nanotechnology or nanotechnology products mean products that contain or are manufactured using materials in the nanoscale range, as well as products that contain or are manufactured using certain materials that otherwise exhibit related dimension-dependent properties or phenomena. Likewise, we use the term nanomaterial generally to refer to both materials in the nanoscale range and certain materials that otherwise exhibit related dimension-dependent properties or phenomena. Use of these terms is for the purpose of communicating FDAs current thinking elaborated in this document only.

As used in this guidance, the word products (or FDA-regulated products) is meant to include products, materials, ingredients, and other substances regulated by FDA, including drugs, biological products, medical devices, food substances (including food for animals), dietary supplements, cosmetic products, and tobacco products. 2

The guidance describes FDAs current thinking on determining whether FDA-regulated products involve the application of nanotechnology. This guidance is intended for manufacturers, suppliers, importers, and other stakeholders. (For convenience, the guidance will refer to these parties as industry.) FDAs guidance documents, including this guidance, do not establish legally enforceable responsibilities. Instead, guidance documents describe FDAs current thinking on a topic and should be viewed only as recommendations, unless specific regulatory or statutory requirements are cited. The use of the word should in Agency guidance documents means that something is suggested or recommended, but not required.

The application of nanotechnology may result in product attributes that differ from those of conventionally-manufactured products, and thus may merit particular examination. However, FDA (or we) does not categorically judge all products that involve the application of nanotechnology as intrinsically benign or harmful. FDA will regulate nanotechnology products under existing statutory authorities, in accordance with the specific legal standards applicable to each type of product under its jurisdiction. We consider the current framework for safety assessment sufficiently robust and flexible to be appropriate for a variety of materials, including nanomaterials. FDA maintains a product-focused, science-based regulatory policy. Technical assessments will be product-specific, taking into account the effects of nanomaterials in the particular biological and mechanical context of each product and its intended use. As such, the particular policies for each product area, both substantive and procedural, will vary according to the statutory authorities and relevant regulatory frameworks (Ref. 8). We believe that this regulatory policy allows for tailored approaches that adhere to applicable legal frameworks and reflect the characteristics of specific products or product classes and evolving technology and scientific understanding.

This guidance provides an overarching framework for FDAs approach to the regulation of nanotechnology products. It identifies two points to consider when determining whether the FDA-regulated product involves the application of nanotechnology. An affirmative finding to either of the Points to Consider, elaborated in section II below, might suggest the need for particular attention by the Agency and/or industry to the product to identify and address potential implications for safety, effectiveness, public health impact, or regulatory status of the product.

This guidance does not address, or presuppose, what ultimate regulatory outcome, if any, will result in a particular case where the use of these points may indicate that an FDA-regulated product involves the application of nanotechnology. Issues such as the safety, effectiveness, public health impact, or the regulatory status of nanotechnology products are currently addressed on a case-by-case basis using FDAs existing review processes. 3

This guidance also does not establish regulatory definitions. Rather, it is intended to help industry and others identify when they should consider potential implications for regulatory status, safety, effectiveness, or public health impact that may arise with the application of nanotechnology in FDA-regulated products. We advise industry to consult with FDA early in the development process to facilitate a mutual understanding of the specific scientific and regulatory issues for their nanotechnology products.

FDA will provide further guidance to industry, as needed, to address the application of nanotechnology as applicable to specific FDA-regulated products or classes of products (such as human foods, drugs, or cosmetics), consistent with existing federal policies (Refs. 9, 10). As appropriate, FDAs product-specific guidance documents will address issues such as the regulatory status, safety, effectiveness, performance, quality, or public health impact of nanotechnology products. 4

FDA has not established regulatory definitions of nanotechnology, nanomaterial, nanoscale, or other related terms. These terms are commonly used in relation to the engineering (i.e., deliberate manipulation, manufacture or selection) of materials that have at least one dimension in the size range of approximately 1 nanometers (nm) to 100 nm. For example, the National Nanotechnology Initiative Program defines nanotechnology as the understanding and control of matter at dimensions between approximately 1 and 100 nanometers, where unique phenomena enable novel applications (Ref. 11). Various published definitions mention other factors such as function, shape, charge, the ratio of surface area to volume, or other physical or chemical properties.

Based on our current scientific and technical understanding of nanomaterials and their characteristics, FDA believes that evaluations of safety, effectiveness, public health impact, or regulatory status of nanotechnology products should consider any unique properties and behaviors that the application of nanotechnology may impart. This guidance identifies two Points to Consider that should be used to evaluate whether FDA-regulated products involve the application of nanotechnology. These points address both particle dimensions and dimension-dependent properties or phenomena. Product-specific premarket review, when required, offers an opportunity for FDA to apply these points and, where products are not subject to premarket review, industry should consider these points. If either point applies to a given product, industry and FDA should consider whether the evaluations of safety, effectiveness, public health impact, or regulatory status of that product have identified and adequately addressed any unique properties or behaviors of the product.

These two Points to Consider are intended to provide an initial screening tool that can be broadly applied to all FDA-regulated products, with the understanding that these points are subject to change in the future as new information becomes available. In particular, FDA may further refine these points, either as applicable broadly to all FDA-regulated products or as applicable to particular products or classes of products, as justified by scientific information. This may include refining particle size parameters or introducing additional parameters such as those related to particle size distribution or specific properties. 5 We will consider future revisions to our approach, including developing regulatory definitions relevant to nanotechnology, as warranted and in keeping with evolving scientific understanding. As previously indicated, FDA also may provide additional guidance, including product-specific guidance documents, to address issues such as the regulatory status, safety, effectiveness, performance, quality, or public health impact of nanotechnology products.

At this time, when considering whether an FDA-regulated product involves the application of nanotechnology, FDA will ask:

1. Whether a material or end product is engineered to have at least one external dimension, or an internal or surface structure, in the nanoscale range (approximately 1 nm to 100 nm);

In addition, as we explain in more detail below, because materials or end products can also exhibit related properties or phenomena attributable to a dimension(s) outside the nanoscale range of approximately 1 nm to 100 nm that are relevant to evaluations of safety, effectiveness, performance, quality, public health impact, or regulatory status of products, we will also ask:

2. Whether a material or end product is engineered to exhibit properties or phenomena, including physical or chemical properties or biological effects, that are attributable to its dimension(s), even if these dimensions fall outside the nanoscale range, up to one micrometer (1,000 nm). 6

These considerations apply not only to new products, but also when changes to manufacturing processes alter the dimensions, properties, or effects of an FDA-regulated product or any of its constituent parts. 7

1. Material or end product that is engineered to have certain dimensions or exhibit certain properties (in Points 1 and 2)

The term engineered, used in both Points 1 and 2, is used to distinguish products that have been deliberately manipulated by the application of nanotechnology from those products that contain materials that naturally occur in the nanoscale range. FDA is particularly interested in the deliberate and purposeful manipulation and control of dimensions to produce specific properties, because the emergence of these new properties or phenomena may raise questions about the safety, effectiveness, performance, quality or public health impact that may warrant further evaluation. FDAs interest in materials or products engineered to have nanoscale dimensions or related dimension-dependent properties or phenomena is distinct from the more familiar use of biological or chemical substances that may naturally exist at small scales, including at the nanoscale, such as microorganisms or proteins.

The term engineered is also used to distinguish products that have been deliberately manipulated by the application of nanotechnology from products that may unintentionally include materials in the nanoscale range.

For example, the incidental presence of particles in the nanoscale range in conventionally-manufactured products 8 is not covered under the scope of this guidance. 9

2. Material or end product (in Points 1 and 2)

The phrase material or end product, referred to in both Points 1 and 2, is used to cover different types of articles that are regulated by FDA, such as products, materials, ingredients, and other substances regulated by FDA. This includes finished products (e.g., a drug tablet for administration to a patient) as well as materials that are intended for use in a finished product (e.g., a food additive added to a food during processing). In determining whether a material or end product satisfies either Point 1 or Point 2, FDA will examine the material or end product, and may also consider the constituent parts of the material or end product. Therefore, relevant considerations include whether a material or end product contains or involves in its manufacture the use of materials that meet either Point 1 or Point 2.

3. At least one external dimension, or an internal or surface structure, in the nanoscale range (approximately 1 nm to 100 nm) (in Point 1)

A size range of approximately 1 nm to 100 nm is commonly used in various working definitions or descriptions regarding nanotechnology proposed by the regulatory and scientific community. 10 In this size range, materials can exhibit new or altered physicochemical properties that can enable novel applications (Refs. 11, 13-15). Accordingly, per Point 1, if a material or end product is engineered to have at least one external dimension in the range of 1 nm to 100 nm, or is engineered to have an internal or surface structure in the range of 1 nm to 100 nm, industry and FDA should consider any unique characteristics or biological effects exhibited by the product that may influence its safety, effectiveness, public health impact, or regulatory status. Primary particles engineered with at least one external dimension within the nanoscale range are covered in Point 1. This Point also covers any aggregates or agglomerates formed by such nanoscale primary particles. In addition, coated, functionalized, or hierarchically-assembled engineered structures that include internal or surface discrete and functional nanoscale entities, such as where such entities are embedded or attached to the surface, are encompassed within Point 1. 11 Such engineered structures with discrete and functional nanoscale entities embedded or attached to the surface may have altered properties or phenomena that may affect product safety or effectiveness (Ref. 16). The inclusion of particles, objects, or structures with internal, surface, or external dimension(s) in the nanoscale range is consistent with approaches taken by other scientific and regulatory bodies (Refs. 17-23).

4. Properties or phenomena attributable to dimension(s) (in Point 2)

While size alone, for very small particles, is suggestive of the presence of properties meriting further examination, the identification and assessment of specific dimension-dependent properties and phenomena are ultimately more relevant for purposes of FDA regulatory review and oversight. Point 2, therefore, focuses on the properties of the material and its behavior in biological systems. 12 The phrase exhibits properties or phenomena that are attributable to its dimension(s), is used because properties and phenomena of materials in the nanoscale range enable applications that can affect the safety, effectiveness, performance, quality, public health impact, or regulatory status of FDA-regulated products. For example, as noted above, dimension-dependent properties or phenomena may be used for various functional effects such as increased bioavailability or decreased toxicity of drug products, better detection of pathogens, improved food packaging materials, or improved delivery of nutrients. These effects may derive from altered or unique characteristics of materials in the nanoscale range that are not normally observed or expected in larger-scale materials with the same chemical composition (Ref. 7). However, such changes may raise questions about the safety, effectiveness, performance, quality or public health impact of nanotechnology products. In addition, considerations such as routes of exposure, dosage, and behavior in various biological systems (including specific tissues and organs) (Refs. 13, 24) are critical for evaluating the safety, effectiveness, public health impact, or regulatory status of a wide array of products under FDAs jurisdiction. Such evaluations should include a consideration of the specific tests (whether traditional, modified, or new) that may be needed (Refs. 25, 26) to determine the physicochemical properties and biological effects of a product that involves the application of nanotechnology.

5. Dimension(s) of up to one micrometer (1,000 nm) (in Point 2)

Materials or end products can also exhibit properties or phenomena attributable to a dimension(s) outside the nanoscale range of approximately 1 nm to 100 nm. Physical and chemical properties and biological behavior that are relevant to evaluations of safety, effectiveness, performance, quality, public health impact, or regulatory status of products have been observed at dimensions outside the nanoscale range of approximately 1 nm to 100 nm (Refs. 27-30). Therefore, Point 2 focuses on the importance of considering properties or phenomena attributable to dimensions, even where such dimensions may be outside the nanoscale range of approximately 1 nm to 100 nm. FDAs consideration of materials with dimension(s) outside the nanoscale range of approximately 1 nm to 100 nm is consistent with approaches taken by other scientific and regulatory organizations. 13

At the present time, available scientific information does not establish a uniform upper boundary above 100 nm where novel properties and phenomena similar to those seen in materials with dimensions in the nanoscale range cease for all potential materials or end products. For this reason, at this time, FDA finds it reasonable to consider evaluation of materials or end products engineered to exhibit properties or phenomena attributable to dimensions up to 1,000 nm, as a means to screen materials for further examination and to determine whether these materials exhibit properties or phenomena attributable to their dimension(s) and associated with the application of nanotechnology. 14 An upper limit of one micrometer (1,000 nm) applied in the context of properties or phenomena attributable to dimensions serves both to: (1) include materials with dimension(s) outside the nanoscale range of approximately 1 nm to 100 nm that may exhibit dimension-dependent properties or phenomena associated with the application of nanotechnology and distinct from those of macro-scaled materials; and (2) exclude macro-scaled materials that may have properties attributable to their dimension(s) but are not likely associated with the application of nanotechnology.

An upper limit of 1,000 nm, combined with the presence of dimension-dependent properties or phenomena similar to those seen in materials with dimensions in the nanoscale range, provides an initial screening tool to help identify materials or products with properties or phenomena of particular relevance for regulatory review. The use of 1,000 nm as a reference point in this context should not be interpreted to mean that materials or products with dimensions above 1,000 nm cannot exhibit dimension-dependent properties or phenomena of importance to safety, effectiveness, public health impact, or regulatory status of the material or product. As noted above, we may further refine these Points to Consider, including this upper limit, either as applicable broadly to FDA-regulated products or as applicable to specific products or product categories.

The two Points to Consider elaborated in this guidance should be applied when considering whether an FDA-regulated product involves the application of nanotechnology. An affirmative finding to either of the Points to Consider, elaborated in this guidance, might suggest the need for particular attention to the product by FDA and/or industry for potential implications for safety, effectiveness, public health impact, or regulatory status of the product. We will consider future revisions to our approach, including developing regulatory definitions relevant to nanotechnology, as warranted and in keeping with evolving scientific understanding.

There remains a need to learn more about the potential role and importance of dimensions in the physical and chemical characteristics and biological effects exhibited by FDA-regulated products that involve the application of nanotechnology. 15 Product-specific premarket review, when required, offers an opportunity for FDA to better understand the properties and behavior of products that involve the application of nanotechnology. Where products that involve the application of nanotechnology are not subject to premarket review, we urge industry to consult with the Agency early in the product development process. In this way, any questions about the products regulatory status, safety, effectiveness, or public health impact can be appropriately and adequately addressed. FDA has and, as needed, will continue to provide additional guidance to industry in more targeted guidance documents to address these considerations.

We have placed these references on display in the Division of Dockets Management, Food and Drug Administration, 5630 Fishers Lane, rm. 1061, Rockville, MD 20852. You may see them at that location between 9 a.m. and 4 p.m., Monday through Friday. As of June 1, 2014, FDA had verified the Web site addresses for the references it makes available as hyperlinks from the Internet copy of this guidance, but FDA is not responsible for any subsequent changes to Non- FDA Web site references after June 1, 2014.

1. This guidance finalizes the draft guidance, entitled Draft Guidance for Industry: Considering Whether an FDA-Regulated Product Involves the Application of Nanotechnology, which was issued in June, 2011. This guidance was prepared by FDAs Office of Policy in the Office of the Commissioner, in consultation with FDAs Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research, Center for Drugs Evaluation and Research, Center for Devices and Radiological Health, Center for Food Safety and Applied Nutrition, Center for Tobacco Products, Center for Veterinary Medicine, National Center for Toxicological Research, Office of the Chief Scientist, Office of Foods and Veterinary Medicine, Office of Regulatory Affairs, Office of Special Medical Programs, and Nanotechnology Task Force.

2. Nanotechnology may also be applied to combination products (as defined at 21 CFR 3.2(e)).

3. It bears noting that the application of nanotechnology may also affect the classification of a product. For example, nanomaterials used in medical products may function through different modes of action than larger-scale materials with the same chemical composition, which may affect the classification of the product, for example as a drug or device.

4. FDAs guidance documents relevant to nanotechnology, including product-specific guidance documents that focus on nanotechnology applications in specific product sectors, can be found on the FDA's Nanotechnology webpage.

5. At this time, we do not have an adequate basis on which to determine a particle number threshold or a list of unique or novel properties that are applicable across the range of FDA-regulated products. In addition, challenges related to measurement methods and biological effects add further complexity to recommending use of particle number, weight, or surface area as the most appropriate units of measure. FDA intends to actively follow scientific developments on this issue and provide additional guidance, as appropriate.

6. As explained in section II.B.5. below, the use of 1,000 nm as a reference point should not be interpreted to mean that materials or products with dimensions above 1,000 nm cannot exhibit dimension-dependent properties or phenomena of importance to safety, effectiveness, public health impact, or regulatory status of the material or product. See further discussion on this issue in section II.B.5. below.

7. These Points to Consider are not intended to apply to products that have been previously reviewed or approved by FDA and where no changes are made to manufacturing processes that would alter the dimensions, properties or effects of the product or its constituent parts.

8. For example, small amounts of particles in the nanoscale range have been reported to be present in foods manufactured using conventional food manufacturing practices (Ref. 12).

9. However, evaluations of conventionally-manufactured products may include a consideration of the effects, if any, of such incidental presence of particles in the nanoscale range on the safety, effectiveness, or public health impact of a product.

10. For example, a size range of approximately 1 nm to 100 nm is used in definitions, working definitions, or descriptions published by the National Nanotechnology Initiative (Ref. 11); Environmental Protection Agency; European Commission (Ref. 17); Health Canada (Ref. 19); International Standards Organization (Ref. 20); Organization for Economic Cooperation and Developments Working Party on Nanotechnology and Working Party on Manufactured Nanomaterials ; National Cancer Institute; and American National Standards Institute (http://nanostandards.ansi.org/tiki-index.php).

11. This is not intended to include any incidental presence of internal or surface features with dimensions in the nanoscale range that may be present in conventionally-manufactured substances (for example, internal porosity, surface roughness or surface defects).

12. Consistent with Policy Principles for the U.S. Decision-Making Concerning Regulation and Oversight of Applications of Nanotechnology and Nanomaterials, Office of Science and Technology Policy, Office of Management and Budget, and Office of the United States Trade Representative, June 9, 2011 (Ref. 10).

13. For example, the Joint Research Centre and the Scientific Committee on Emerging and Newly Identified Health Risks of the European Commission concluded: In order to base a nanomaterials definition for regulatory purposes on size alone, the upper nanoscale limit should ideally be high enough to capture all types of materials that would need particular attention for regulation due to their nanoscale size. Upper limits which are often used in existing definitions, for example 100 nm, may require the introduction of one or more qualifiers based on structural features or properties other than size, in order to capture structures of concern (for example agglomerates or aggregates) with a size larger than 100 nm in the regulation (Ref. 22); The upper size limit for one or more external dimensions of 100 nm is complicated by the potential exclusion of aggregates, agglomerates and multicomponent assemblies that would have external sizes greater than this (Ref. 23); and An upper limit of 100 nm is commonly used by general consensus but there is no scientific evidence to support the appropriateness of this value (Stated as SCENIHR conclusions in the European Commission Recommendation on the definition of nanomaterial, Ref. 17). The European Commission further noted that it may be necessary to include additional materials, such as some materials with a size . . . greater than 100 nm in the scope of application of specific legislation or legislative provisions suited for a nanomaterial (Ref. 17). In addition, the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) acknowledged that health and safety considerations associated with intentionally produced and incidental nano-objects do not abruptly end at dimensions of 100 nm. As knowledge expands, it is abundantly clear that a robust terminology will need to capture and convey effectively the performance aspects of intentionally produced nano-objects and nanostructured materials in their definitions, apart from their fundamental size and shape (Ref. 20). More recently, Health Canada adopted a working definition of nanomaterial that, in part, reflects that it is possible for nanoscale properties/ phenomena to be exhibited outside the 1 nm to 100 nm size range, such as select quantum devices (Ref. 19). Finally, in its second regulatory review on nanomaterials, the European Commission noted that fullerenes, graphene flakes and single wall carbon nanotubes with one or more external dimensions below 1 nm should be considered as nanomaterials. Several types of nanomaterials were identified as not matching the EU definition, with an acknowledgment that there are an increasing number of particles which are engineered to have internal nanoscale features. Examples are core-shell particles and nano-encapsulates. These particles may be designed, for example for pharmaceutical applications, where the inner core particle is released in a certain environment. Some of these materials have an external diameter smaller than 100 nm, matching the EU nanomaterial definition, others have an external diameter larger than 100 nm, not matching the EU nanomaterial definition (Ref. 31).

14. However, as noted previously, FDA will consider further refinement of these Points to Consider for particular products or classes of products, as scientific information becomes available, including refining particle size parameters.

15. FDAs nanotechnology regulatory science program aims to further enhance FDAs scientific capabilities, including developing necessary data and tools to identify and measure dimension-dependent properties and assess their potential impact on safety or effectiveness. See 2013 Nanotechnology Regulatory Science Research Plan.

This guidance represents the Food and Drug Administrations (FDAs or the Agencys) current thinking on this topic. It does not create or confer any rights for or on any person and does not operate to bind FDA or the public. You can use an alternative approach if the approach satisfies the requirements of the applicable statutes and regulations. If you want to discuss an alternative approach, contact the FDA staff responsible for implementing this guidance. If you cannot identify the appropriate FDA staff, call the telephone number listed on the title page of this guidance.

You may submit electronic or written comments regarding this guidance at any time. Submit written comments on the guidance to the Division of Dockets Management (HFA-305), Food and Drug Administration, 5630 Fishers Lane, rm. 1061, Rockville, MD 20852. Submit electronic comments to http://www.regulations.gov. All comments should be identified with the docket number (FDA-2010-D-0530) listed in the notice of availability that publishes in the Federal Register.

Additional copies are available from: Office of Policy Office of the Commissioner Food and Drug Administration 10903 New Hampshire Avenue Silver Spring, MD 20993 Phone: 301-796-4830

For questions regarding this document contact: Office of the Commissioner Food and Drug Administration 10903 New Hampshire Avenue Silver Spring, MD 20993 301-796-4830.

U.S. Department of Health and Human Services Food and Drug Administration Office of the Commissioner

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FAQ About Pharmacogenomics – National Human Genome …

Frequently Asked Questions About Pharmacogenomics

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Pharmacogenomics uses information about a person's genetic makeup, or genome, to choose the drugs and drug doses that are likely to work best for that particular person. This new field combines the science of how drugs work, called pharmacology, with the science of the human genome, called genomics.

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Until recently, drugs have been developed with the idea that each drug works pretty much the same in everybody. But genomic research has changed that "one size fits all" approach and opened the door to more personalized approaches to using and developing drugs.

Depending on your genetic makeup, some drugs may work more or less effectively for you than they do in other people. Likewise, some drugs may produce more or fewer side effects in you than in someone else. In the near future, doctors will be able to routinely use information about your genetic makeup to choose those drugs and drug doses that offer the greatest chance of helping you.

Pharmacogenomics may also help to save you time and money. By using information about your genetic makeup, doctors soon may be able to avoid the trial-and-error approach of giving you various drugs that are not likely to work for you until they find the right one. Using pharmacogenomics, the "best-fit" drug to help you can be chosen from the beginning.

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Doctors are starting to use pharmacogenomic information to prescribe drugs, but such tests are routine for only a few health problems. However, given the field's rapid growth, pharmacogenomics is soon expected to lead to better ways of using drugs to manage heart disease, cancer, asthma, depression and many other common diseases.

One current use of pharmacogenomics involves people infected with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). Before prescribing the antiviral drug abacavir (Ziagen), doctors now routinely test HIV-infected patients for a genetic variant that makes them more likely to have a bad reaction to the drug.

Another example is the breast cancer drug trastuzumab (Herceptin). This therapy works only for women whose tumors have a particular genetic profile that leads to overproduction of a protein called HER2.

The U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) also recommends genetic testing before giving the chemotherapy drug mercaptopurine (Purinethol) to patients with acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Some people have a genetic variant that interferes with their ability to process the drug. This processing problem can cause severe side effects and increase risk of infection, unless the standard dose is adjusted according to the patient's genetic makeup.

The FDA also advises doctors to test colon cancer patients for certain genetic variants before administering irinotecan (Camptosar), which is part of a combination chemotherapy regimen. The reasoning is that patients with one particular variant may not be able to clear the drug from their bodies as quickly as others, resulting in severe diarrhea and increased infection risk. Such patients may need to receive lower doses of the drug.

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Much research is underway to understand how genomic information can be used to develop more personalized and cost-effective strategies for using drugs to improve human health.

In 2007, the FDA revised the label on the common blood-thinning drug warfarin (Coumadin) to explain that a person's genetic makeup might influence response to the drug. Some doctors have since begun using genetic information to adjust warfarin dosage. Still, more research is needed to conclusively determine whether warfarin dosing that includes genetic information is better than the current trial-and-error approach.

The FDA also is considering genetic testing for another blood-thinner, clopidogrel bisulfate (Plavix), used to prevent dangerous blood clots. Researchers have found that Plavix may not work well in people with a certain genetic variant.

Cancer is another very active area of pharmacogenomic research. Studies have found that the chemotherapy drugs, gefitinib (Iressa) and erlotinib (Tarceva), work much better in lung cancer patients whose tumors have a certain genetic change. On the other hand, research has shown that the chemotherapy drugs cetuximab (Erbitux) and panitumumab (Vecitibix) do not work very well in the 40 percent of colon cancer patients whose tumors have a particular genetic change.

Pharmacogenomics may also help to quickly identify the best drugs to treat people with certain mental health disorders. For example, while some patients with depression respond to the first drug they are given, many do not, and doctors have to try another drug. Because each drug takes weeks to take its full effect, patients' depression may grow worse during the time spent searching for a drug that helps.

Recently, researchers identified genetic variations that influence the response of depressed people to citalopram (Celexa), which belongs to a widely used class of antidepressant drugs called selective serotonin re-uptake inhibitors (SSRIs). Clinical trials are now underway to learn whether genetic tests that predict SSRI response can improve patients' outcomes.

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Yes. Besides improving the ways in which existing drugs are used, genome research will lead to the development of better drugs. The goal is to produce new drugs that are highly effective and do not cause serious side effects.

Until recently, drug developers usually used an approach that involved screening for chemicals with broad action against a disease. Researchers are now using genomic information to find or design drugs aimed at subgroups of patients with specific genetic profiles. In addition, researchers are using pharmacogenomic tools to search for drugs that target specific molecular and cellular pathways involved in disease.

Pharmacogenomics may also breathe new life into some drugs that were abandoned during the development process. For example, development of the beta-blocker drug bucindolol (Gencaro) was stopped after two other beta-blocker drugs won FDA approval to treat heart failure. But interest in Gencaro revived after tests showed that the drug worked well in patients with two genetic variants that regulate heart function. If Gencaro is approved by the FDA, it could become the first new heart drug to require a genetic test before prescription.

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Last Updated: May 2, 2016

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Neurology | The GW Medical Faculty Associates

The Department of Neurology at The George Washington University Medical Faculty Associates is a premier program that offers patients high quality, compassionate healthcare for conditions ranging from back pain and sleep disturbances to stroke and the most complex neuromuscular disorders.

Our medical team consists of board-certified neurologists, nurses, EEG technicians, EMG technologists and clinical researchers. Our neurologists are on the forefront of advances in their fields with continuing education and by teaching at The George Washington University School of Medicine & Health Sciences. We offer fellowships in neurophysiology and sleep disorders.

To diagnose neuromuscular disorders we have invested in an advanced electrodagnostic laboratory that has achieved the highest possible accreditation with exemplary status from the American Association of Neuromuscular & electrodiagnostic Medicine. Ours is the only lab in metropolitan Washington with this designation. It is proof of our commitment to clinical excellence and to providing the highest quality patient care.

We accept most insurance plans and our knowledgeable administrative staff is happy to assist with the approval process and pre-certifications.

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Neurology | The GW Medical Faculty Associates

Applications of nanotechnology – Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

The 2000s have seen the beginnings of the applications of nanotechnology in commercial products, although most applications are limited to the bulk use of passive nanomaterials. Examples include titanium dioxide and zinc oxide nanoparticles in sunscreen, cosmetics and some food products; silver nanoparticles in food packaging, clothing, disinfectants and household appliances such as Silver Nano; carbon nanotubes for stain-resistant textiles; and cerium oxide as a fuel catalyst.[1] As of March 10, 2011, the Project on Emerging Nanotechnologies estimated that over 1300 manufacturer-identified nanotech products are publicly available, with new ones hitting the market at a pace of 34 per week.[2]

Nanotechnology is being used in developing countries to help treat disease and prevent health issues. The umbrella term for this kind of nanotechnology is Nanomedicine.

Nanotechnology is also being applied to or developed for application to a variety of industrial and purification processes. Purification and environmental cleanup applications include the desalination of water, water filtration, wastewater treatment, groundwater treatment, and other nanoremediation. In industry, applications may include construction materials, military goods, and nano-machining of nano-wires, nano-rods, few layers of graphene,[3] etc.

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Applications of nanotechnology - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Nanotechnology – Excelsior College

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Very few electrical engineering bachelor's degree programs offer a concentration in nanotechnology. And no nanotechnology degree program is as flexible, convenient, and affordable as Excelsior College's online Bachelor of Science in Electrical Engineering Technology (Nanotechnology).

An educational innovator for more than 40 years, Excelsior has taken the lead in developing the work force for the dynamic nanotechnology industry, which is poised for explosive growth.

Our online electrical engineering degree programs are designed for working adults who seek new career opportunities. Why is Excelsior the best place to gain the preparation you need for nanotechnology jobs?

Excelsior's electrical engineering degree holds accreditation from ABET. Our online nanotechnology courses meet the same academic standards that you'll find in a campus-based nanotechnology degree program.

You'll study with exceptional faculty who have years of industry experience, while getting a practical education in nanotechnology that translates directly to the workplace.

By choosing the nanotechnology concentration within the bachelor's of electrical engineering technology degree, you'll gain relevant, up-to-date expertise in subjects such as:

Nanotechnology specialists are in demand in a wide range of industries, including computers, health care, energy, telecommunications, and manufacturing.

Excelsior's online electrical engineering technology degree with concentration in nanotechnology can have a big impact on your careerfind out how.

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Nanotechnology - Excelsior College

Is Bioengineering Right for Me? | UW Bioengineering

Lets examine the challenge of developing better cancer therapies. Current cancer therapies are marginally effective and have adverse side effects. Biochemists, computer scientists, biologists and bioengineers approach this problem differently.

Biochemists focus on chemical and biological processes at the molecular level. They ask questions like: What is the molecular basis of cancer? and What makes cancer cells unique?

Computer scientists focus on software and electronics. They ask questions like: How can computers be used to create new cancer therapies?

Biologists focus on chemical and biological processes at the cell and tissue level. They ask questions like: How do drugs work at the cell, organ and animal level? and Where in the body do drugs work and how do they cause toxicity?

Bioengineers perform applied, translational research that integrates biochemistry, computer science and biology. They focus on molecular-level characterization, device-level fabrication and societal-level design considerations. They ask questions like: Given what we already know about cancer therapies, how can we make them more tolerable and effective? and What new cancer therapies are possible?

Biochemists focus on chemical and biological processes at the molecular level.They ask questions like How does heart muscle work? and What is the molecular basis for heart tissue death?

Mechanical Engineers focus on mechanical and fluid properties and behavior. They ask questions like: What are the tensile properties of healthy versus diseased heart tissue? and Can we model the flow of blood through the heart?.

Material scientists focus on material properties and behavior. They ask questions like: How can we design materials for implants that will not degrade when in the body?

Bioengineers work closely with biochemists, mechanical engineers, materials scientists and clinical collaborators in cardiology. They focus on making a difference in the world through improved health. They ask questions like: Can we re-engineer heart proteins to pump more efficiently?, Can we design novel implantable medical devices that the body does not reject? and Can we grow new heart tissue to replace damaged tissue?

Lets examine the challenge of diagnosing disease. Diseases are often detected late, which can affect the efficacy of treatment. Also, in some places around the world, traditional disease diagnostic tools are too expensive, too complex for local physicians to use effectively, or otherwise out of reach. Chemical engineers, physicists, electrical engineers, and bioengineers approach this issue differently.

Chemical engineers focus on chemistry at interfaces.They ask questions like: Can we engineer nanoparticles and surfaces to behave in interesting ways? and What are the thermodynamic processes at play during host-pathogen interactions?

Physicists and chemists focus on fundamental physical properties of matter.They ask questions like: Why do nanoparticles behave differently from microparticles? and How can we use light in new ways to detect things?

Electrical engineers focus on electronics and photonics.They ask questions like: Can we create novel electrical devices (ultra low power and/or miniaturized) that might have diagnostic uses?

Bioengineers work colesly with chemical engineers, physicists, electrical engineers and physicians.They focus on integrative solutions with global applications. They ask questions like: Can we design nanoparticles, biophotonics and paper to detect disease earlier, rapidly and inexpensively?, Using paper or hand-held ultrasound, can we make low-cost, point-of-care diagnostics to move testing out of hospitals? and Can we integrate diagnostics with smartphones to make a difference globally?

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Is Bioengineering Right for Me? | UW Bioengineering

Biotech, Pharmaceutical, Medical Device, and Chemical …

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Biotech, Pharmaceutical, Medical Device, and Chemical ...

BiOENGINEERING, Inc. – Bioreactors, Fermentors and BiO …

BiOENGiNEERiNG has been designing high-end bioreactors and fermentors for the cultivation of micro-organisms, funghi, plant, and animal cells for 40 years. Our expertise includes all variations in volume, applications, autoclaveable or SIP, from benchtop to turnkey, large-scale multi-vessel trains, in off-the-shelf bundles or fully custom-designed to our customers processes.

BiOENGiNEERiNG has designed, built, and commisssioned many of the most ambitious projects worldwide. A committed leader in technology and pioneer of hygienic design, BiOENGiNEERiNG sets standards in the industry on every level. Our equipment runs 24/7 and is supported and serviced over the entire life span. Our in-house capabilities include design, manufacturing, mechanical and electrical engineering, documentation, programming, consulting, scale-up, installation, on-site support and much more.

Today, BiOENGiNEERiNG employs 150 people on 3 continents and has installations in 70 countries. While we have developed from a small Swiss workshop into a global service and manufacturing company, our core values have remained the same: We provide premium quality, strong customer support, and keep all relevant expertise and experience under one roof.

BiOENGiNEERiNG experience only specialists can have.

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BiOENGINEERING, Inc. - Bioreactors, Fermentors and BiO ...

Psoriasis – Dr. Weil's Condition Care Guide

What is psoriasis?Psoriasis is a common, chronic condition in which the skin develops red, itchy patches and thick, silvery scales. Autoimmunity is suspected as the core problem, and the course of the disease typically involves periods of symptom flares alternating with periods of remission. Psoriasis can range in severity from annoying to disabling.

What are the symptoms?The hallmark of psoriasis is the appearance of one or more small patches of thick skin on the elbow, knees or back. These areas are usually not painful, but they are readily visible and often embarrassing. The psychological toll can be quite severe, with disrupted social interactions and self-image issues frequently accompanying the disease.

There are five main types of psoriasis, each of which has specific symptoms:

Psoriasis can also cause psoriatic arthritis, which results in pitted, discolored nails and swollen, painful joints.

What are the causes?Psoriasis is considered by many to be an autoimmune disorder in which the body's immune cells attack normal skin cells. The cells that are targeted are formed and grow below the skin, and normally rise to the skin's surface over the course of a month. In psoriasis, the growth rate of new cells is sped up, resulting in dead skin cells building up on the surface of the skin. The exact cause of psoriasis is unknown, but may include a combination of genetics and environment. Certain factors appear to trigger episodes of psoriasis:

Who is likely to develop psoriasis?Psoriasis is usually diagnosed in those aged 10 to 40, and is most common in people with a family history of the disease. People with HIV/AIDS and children with recurring infections such as strep throat are also at higher risk. Being overweight increases the odds of developing inverse psoriasis.

How is psoriasis diagnosed?Physicians can often diagnose psoriasis by performing a physical exam and medical history. In some cases, the doctor may take a small skin sample (biopsy) to rule out similar conditions such as eczema.

What is the conventional treatment?The goals of conventional treatment for psoriasis are to control symptoms and prevent complications. Treatments depend on the severity of the condition and include:

What therapies does Dr. Weil recommend for psoriasis?In addition to the measures described above, which may be necessary in severe cases, Dr. Weil recommends the following approaches to psoriasis:

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Psoriasis - Dr. Weil's Condition Care Guide

Natural Psoriasis Treatment | All Natural Treatments For …

Our Approach to deal with Psoriasis

Skin inflammation is a sign that toxins are inside your body. It appears externally because your skin is the largest and only visible organ. In the case of serious skin problems, external treatment with a cream is not sufficient. The better approach is to detoxify your body because it then expels the toxins from inside and prevents the problems from recurring.

The Psoriaid Herbal Tablet was designed by Dr. Li for all types of psoriasis. This alternative herbal psoriasis treatment has been used in her clinic for over 15 years. The formula contains 13 natural herbs which act together to detoxify the body's system to control the skin inflammation and balance the immune system to prevent lesions from appearing. *

The Psoriaid Herbal Tablet is a safe and effective herbal psoriasis remedy. There are no known side effects and it is made in USA by a GMP certified factory. *

After taking this product my skin is clearing up better than I've ever seen it. should I keep taking the pills even if it's cleared up all the way? I started taking 5 pills twice a day and now I take 3 pills in the morning and 2 pills at night.... **

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For people who live in the San Francisco Bay area, please call 650-588-8335 to make appointment with Dr. Li.

Otherwise, you can take advantage of our free Online Psoriasis Treatment Consultation

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Natural Psoriasis Treatment | All Natural Treatments For ...

Psoriasis – eMedTV: Health Information Brought To Life

Psoriasis is a chronic skin disease that causes areas of thickened, swollen, and red skin, often covered with silver scales.

In people without psoriasis, skin cells grow deep in the skin and slowly rise to the surface. This process is called cell turnover, and it takes about a month. With psoriasis, it can happen in just a few days because the cells rise too fast and pile up on the surface.

This disease affects 2 percent to 2.6 percent of the United States population, or between 5.8 and 7.5 million people. Anyone can get psoriasis, but it occurs more often in adults. Sometimes there is a family history of the disease. Certain genes have been linked to it, and men and women get psoriasis at about the same rate.

This condition begins in the immune system, mainly with a type of white blood cell called a T cell. T cells help protect the body against infection and disease. With psoriasis, T cells are put into action by mistake. They become so active that they set off other immune responses. This leads to swelling and fast turnover of skin cells.

People with this condition may notice that sometimes the skin gets better and sometimes it gets worse. Things that can cause your symptoms to worsen include:

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Psoriasis - eMedTV: Health Information Brought To Life