Super-Sized Turbines and Offshore Wind Farms Bring ‘Game-Changing’ Cost Cuts – NREL | Offshore Wind – Offshore WIND

Larger wind turbines and larger offshore wind projects alone can reduce a wind farms Levelised Cost of Energy (LCoE) by more than 23 per cent relative to the average fixed-bottom offshore wind farm installed in 2019, according to the research carried out by the US Department of Energys National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL).

Researchers from NREL conducted one of the most comprehensive analyses currently available of the average cost per megawatt-hour to develop and maintain offshore wind farms and how those costs could change if current trends toward larger wind farms and turbines continue.

To do that, the team combined three models to compare the cost of a representative 2019 fixed-bottom offshore wind farm, which used one hundred 6 MW wind turbines for a total capacity of 600 MW, with various wind turbine and wind farm sizes up to a maximum of 20 MW wind turbines with a plant capacity of 2,500 MW.

The models showed that scaling up both wind turbine and wind farm size can reduce balance-of-system and maintenance costs through economies of scale (e.g., spreading export cable costs over larger projects) while reducing losses from wakes. Wakes, turbine-made turbulence that can decrease power production of downstream turbines, decline as turbines are spaced further apart in larger and larger wind plants. Combined, these savings can add up to more than 23 per cent, according to NREL.

We expected to see the costs decrease, said Matt Shields, an NREL researcher who leads the labs work on techno-economic analysis of offshore wind energy and headed the study.

But I was a little surprised about the magnitude. Thats really a game changer.

The teams data provide a valuable touchstone, the US DOE said. Now, the growing US offshore wind industry can more confidently invest in the supply chain needed to build bigger turbines and larger projectsa chain that is not yet sufficient to achieve the Biden administrations goal of deploying 30 GW of offshore wind energy by 2030, the US DOE said.

The study was funded by WETO and coauthored by NREL researchers Philipp Beiter, Jake Nunemaker, Aubryn Cooperman, and Patrick Duffy.

Still, more research is needed to achieve these savings, determine whether and how this reduction applies to floating offshore wind farms, and learn whether the bigger is better tenet has a limit. Cost savings could plateau at a maximum wind turbine or power plant size, according to NREL.

Right now, the wind industry cant achieve that 23 per cent. No manufacturer can build a 20-MW wind turbine yet.

And even when they can, the rest of the supply chain will need to catch up, too. For example, todays vessels and ports are designed to install wind turbines of 12 MW or less, NREL said.

However several companies have already ordered, or are about to order, vessels capable of transporting and installing 20 MW wind turbines such as Van Oord, Eneti, and Havfram.

Shields and his team plan to take a closer look at how innovations in technology and the supply chain might help further reduce costs in the future. In the meantime, they are working on creating a supply chain road map to find missing links.

We need to jump-start the domestic supply chain as quickly as possible to minimize project risks, make projects even cheaper, create local jobs, and grow a more sustainable industry, said Shields.

We want to build offshore wind power plants to reduce our carbon footprint, and we can do it in such a way that we are positively impacting local economies.

The supply chain must grow quickly to meet the United States 30-GW-by-2030 goal. And this study can help each link plan for a bigger future, NREL said.

Thats going to be a huge challenge for us over the next decade, said Shields. But its one thats worth investing in.

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Super-Sized Turbines and Offshore Wind Farms Bring 'Game-Changing' Cost Cuts - NREL | Offshore Wind - Offshore WIND

Shell and RWE Pinpoint North-East of England for Gigawatt-Scale Offshore Wind-to-Hydrogen Projects – Offshore WIND

Shell New Energies and RWE Generation will explore the possibilities of establishing integrated projects for the production of green hydrogen using offshore wind power on a gigawatt scale in the industrial regions in the north-east of England such as Teesside and/or Humberside.

The plan is one of the steps set out in a recently signed Memorandum of Understanding between the two companies to jointly advance projects for the production, use, and distribution of green hydrogen, as well as further options to decarbonise RWE gas and biomass-fired power plants in northwest Europe. The aim of the MoU is to identify concrete project options which could then be developed toward investment decisions, the two companies said.

Effective climate action needs cross-sector and cross-national cooperation. In our cooperation with Shell, we want to develop solutions that combine new approaches with proven technologies and, above all, can be applied quickly and on a large scale. We will also contribute our special expertise in the development of offshore wind projects as well as the provision of energy in the form of electricity, heat and, in the future, green hydrogen for our customers, said Markus Krebber, CEO of RWE.

RWE and Shell already have a background of cooperation through the NortH2 project in the Netherlands, and AquaVentus in Germany.

The two companies intend to jointly assess the future development of electrolysis plants to produce green hydrogen and consider locations which have potential pipeline capacity for hydrogen yet are currently difficult to connect to the electric grid. RWE and Shell want to investigate whether, and how, green energy can be transported from such locations to customers via hydrogen pipelines.

RWE and Shell also want to develop new green hydrogen solutions for industrial customers, focused on the Shell Energy & Chemicals Park Rheinland in Germany, Shell sites in Rotterdam and Moerdijk in the Netherlands, and on customers in their immediate vicinity.

In addition, RWE and Shell intend to evaluate the possible application of green hydrogen in the mobility sector in Germany, the Netherlands, and the UK.

We are delighted about this agreement with RWE. Both companies are of the opinion that progress towards net-zero emissions needs government policy to support the energy transition and our customers needs for low-carbon energy solutions, said Wael Sawan, Director of Integrated Gas, Renewables and Energy Solutions at Royal Dutch Shell plc.

It makes sense for us to evaluate the potential of joint decarbonisation projects and make the best of the global energy experience both companies bring to the table.

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Shell and RWE Pinpoint North-East of England for Gigawatt-Scale Offshore Wind-to-Hydrogen Projects - Offshore WIND

Boskalis’ Taiwan Debutant to Go Into Service in Early 2022 – Offshore WIND

The conversion of Boskalis Bokalift 2 crane vessel is expected to be completed in the coming months, after which its new crane will be installed, allowing the vessel to enter service on Taiwans Changfang & Xidao offshore wind project in early 2022, according to an update in the companys half-year report.

In October 2019, the vessel was announced to be deployed for the first time on the 589 MWChangfang and Xidao to transport and install the projects 62jacket foundations and the accompanying 186 pin piles. However, as offshore construction at the project site started in early July of this year, the Bokalift 1 vessel came into play.

During the first foundation installation campaign, Bokalift 1 installed 48 pin piles and will also install the corresponding 16 three-legged jacket foundations, after which the vessel will wrap up the 2021 installation campaign.

Since Boskalis said in August that the remaining 138 pin piles and 46 jackets were scheduled to be installed in 2022, it is now expected that Bokalift 2 would take over once the construction work resumes next year.

Boskalis is converting the existing drillship YAN into Bokalift 2at the Dubai-based Drydocks World, where work on this projectstarted in May 2020. The conversion scope includes the fabrication and installation of 9,000 tonnes of steel blocks on both sides of the vessel to increase its stability, as well as the installation of a new work deck.

Upon completion, the vessel will have7,500 square metresof free deck space and a new 4,000-tonne revolving crane capable of lifting structures more than 100 metres high.

The DP2 vessel, capable of accommodating 150 persons, will be used forthe installation of current and future generation offshore wind turbine foundations, as well as oil and gas structures, Boskalis said when it announced that the new vessel would debut at the Changfang & Xidao project.

The Dutch company was contracted to carry out the work in the Taiwanese offshore wind farm in a joint venture with Taiwans Hwa Chi Construction Co., established in July 2019.

The 589 MWChangfang and Xidao, owned by Copenhagen Infrastructure Partners (CIP) and two Taiwanese life insurance companies, is being built at a site 15 kilometres off the coast of Changhua County.

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Boskalis' Taiwan Debutant to Go Into Service in Early 2022 - Offshore WIND

Who Is the Judge in the Kyle Rittenhouse Trial? – The New York Times

Bruce Schroeder, the longest-serving circuit court judge in Wisconsin, is presiding over the homicide trial of Kyle Rittenhouse.

At times during Mr. Rittenhouses testimony on Wednesday he took a strict line with prosecutors, clashing with them over a reference to Mr. Rittenhouses silence in the months before the trial and an attempt to introduce testimony on a previous incident that the judge had ruled inadmissible.

The problem is this is a grave constitutional violation for you to talk about the defendants silence, Judge Schroeder told prosecutors.

Judge Schroeder, 75, who has said he believes that he has seen more homicide trials than any other judge in the state, graduated from Marquette Law School in 1970, worked as a prosecutor and began serving as a circuit judge in 1983.

His longevity is a subject of frequent conversation in the courtroom. As he said during jury selection in the trial, he has been in this business for 50 years.

In Kenosha legal circles, Judge Schroeder has a reputation for strictness in sentencing. He is known for delivering lectures to prospective jurors about their civic duty, which in this trial he likened to serving as an American soldier in Vietnam.

He frequently complains about media bias and the impact that news coverage can have on prospective jurors. As Judge Schroeder quizzed prospective jurors, he said that he has read news articles on the Rittenhouse case and has asked himself whether he was in the same courtroom that was described in the articles.

He has also acknowledged that some of the topics raised in pretrial hearings are new to him. Until this case, Judge Schroeder said in a hearing, he had never heard of the Proud Boys, a far-right group that offered support to Mr. Rittenhouse after the Kenosha shootings, and was unfamiliar with the O.K. hand sign as a gesture that has been co-opted by white supremacists.

The first time I saw it, or a version of it, was Chef Boyardee on a can of spaghetti, the judge said.

In one of the judges highest-profile cases, the 2008 murder trial of Mark Jensen who was accused of poisoning his wife, Julie, with antifreeze and then smothering her in their garage a conviction was overturned when appellate courts and the state Supreme Court ruled that Judge Schroeder had improperly allowed evidence in the trial.

The judge allowed the prosecution to present a letter that Julie Jensen had written and given to a neighbor, as well as voice mail messages she left for a police officer, suggesting that if anything happened to her, her husband would be responsible. Mr. Jensen will face a new trial next year.

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Who Is the Judge in the Kyle Rittenhouse Trial? - The New York Times

New ‘Lost in Space’ Season 3 trailer shows the entire Space Family Robinson in danger – Space.com

Hot on the heels of the first mindblowing trailer we saw just one month ago, come a second equally-as-amazing trailer for the third and final season of "Lost in Space."

If you haven't watched Netflix's "Lost in Space," already then go and do so immediately. Tell your barista that half-soy, non-fat double-blended pumpkin spice latte is To Go, scurry home and switch on Netflix. You'll thank us later.

The show is a reimagining of the pioneering sci-fi series of the same name that aired on black-and-white TV screens across America in 1965. That show came from the imagination of Irwin Allen and showrunner Zack Estrin has reworked this in the same manner Ron D. Moore did to Glen A. Larson's 1978 "Battlestar Galactica." It's been updated, reimagined, regendered, tweaked and fine-tuned and the end result has been one of the finest sci-fi shows on TV in recent years.

At the end of the second season, which aired 2019, we saw an entire ship of robots attack and board the Resolute mother ship, with more incoming to retrieve the alien engine. Maureen (Molly Parker) and Don (Ignacio Serricchio) manage to trap them, while Judy (Taylor Russell) leads a mission to send the Resolute's 97 children to the Alpha Centauri colony in a Jupiter landing ship using the alien engine, piloted by the Robot.

The Jupiter carrying the children escapes through a rift in space, but the human-made radar signature that the Robot followed has led the ship to an unknown star system. There they find the Fortuna, a ship that had vanished nearly 20 years earlier and was commanded by Grant Kelly, Judy's biological father.

Related: The best sci-fi movies and TV shows to stream on Netflix in November

Unlike the first trailer, this time we get to see much more of the Robinson family and the dilemmas they face. We also see the binary star system close to where the Resolute is located, with one star colored blue and the other fiery red almost opposite in nature all of which connects underlying themes throughout the show: the robot's two expressions, fire and water, love and hate, right and wrong and so on. While the second season wasn't quite as good as the first, we still expect great things from this suburb sci-fi.

According to the official synopsis from Netflix, "In the third and final season of Lost in Space, the stakes are higher than ever and the Robinson familys survival instincts will be put to the ultimate test. After a year of being trapped on a mysterious planet, Judy, Penny, Will and the Robot must lead the 97 young Colonists in a harrowing evacuation but not before secrets are unearthed that will change their lives forever. Meanwhile John and Maureen with Don at their side must battle overwhelming odds as they try to reunite with their kids. The Robinsons will have to grapple with the emotional challenge of not just being lost but being separated from the ones they love as they face the greatest alien threat yet."

The cast also includes Toby Stephens (John Robinson), Mina Sundwall (Penny Robinson) and Parker Posey as Dr. Smith.

Seasons 1 and 2 of "Lost in Space" are currently available on Netflix and Season 3 will be available in its entirety on Wednesday, Dec 1. "Lost in Space" is only available on the subscription service Netflix. Subscriptions start at $8.99 a month.

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New 'Lost in Space' Season 3 trailer shows the entire Space Family Robinson in danger - Space.com

Jeff Bezos predicts humans will be born in space on floating colonies – Business Insider

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In Jeff Bezos' vision of the future, people will be born in space colonies and visit Earth on vacation.

Bezos discussed space, Blue Origin's plans, and the relationship between space exploration and saving Earth during a conversation Wednesday at the 2021 Ignatius Forum in Washington, DC.

During the interview, the Amazon and Blue Origin founder expanded on his idea for space colonies: floating habitats that mimic Earth's weather and gravitational pull. The floating, spinning cylinders would be able to hold as many as 1 million people and have "rivers and forests and wildlife," he said.

"Over centuries, many people will be born in space. It will be their first home," Bezos said. "They will be born on these colonies, live on these colonies. Then, they'll visit Earth the way you would visit, you know, Yellowstone National Park."

Bezos first mentioned the idea of building space colonies as far back as his valedictorian speech at his high-school graduation, and he said Wednesday that he believed space colonies were a better option than trying to restart life on another planet.

"Even if you were to terraform Mars or do something very dramatic like that which could be very, very challenging, by the way even if you were to do that, that is, at most, a doubling of Earth," Bezos said. "Then you're going from 10 billion people to 20 billion people."

How to establish life outside Earth is a major point of contention between Bezos and Tesla and SpaceX founder Elon Musk. Musk has said the main goal of his rocket company is to "colonize Mars," and Bezos' reference to terraforming appears to be an indirect jab at him. Musk has endorsed the straight-from-science-fiction idea, in which the planet would need to be transformed using nuclear weapons to make it habitable for humans (NASA has since said this wouldn't work).

For his part, Musk tweeted in 2019 that Bezos' plan wouldn't work, either, because you'd need to "transport vast amounts of mass from planets/moons/asteroids."

"Would be like trying to build the USA in the middle of the Atlantic Ocean," he said.

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Jeff Bezos predicts humans will be born in space on floating colonies - Business Insider

Kids born on Mars after Elon Musks SpaceX missions would have brittle bones, weak eyesight and green ski… – The Sun

ELON Musk's plan to move mankind to Mars could end up with "Martian" children suffering an array of mutations such as "green" skin, brittle bones and poor eyesight.

The SpaceX mogul insists he will move to Mars and believes humans need to colonise our neighbouring planet to become a "multi-planet species".

3

However, experts warn that it's not just the perilous 140 million mile journey which would be dangerous - humans on Mars would endure the most brutal living conditions imaginable.

But it's the children of Martian settlers who would undergo the most drastic of changes.

It comes as SpaceX successfully launched four astronauts to the International Space Station as part of the Crew-3 mission.

According to Rice University biologist Scott Solomon, these evolutionary changes would happen much quicker than they would on Earth because of the vast changes in lifestyle, gravity and radiation.

Firstly, Mars is smaller than Earth and it has 38 per cent less gravity.

It also lacks a global magnetic field, a thick atmosphere and a protective ozone layer.

This means Mars gets battered by space radiation, UV light, charged particles from the sun and cosmic rays.

And this would cause higher mutation rates in the DNA of humans living there, the scientist says in his book Future Humans.

He says that the skin tone of settlers would likely change to help them cope with the radiation.

This would mean darker skin and possibly in a tone we have never seen before.

Solomon says: Perhaps in the face of this high radiation, we might evolve some new type of skin pigment to help us deal with that radiation.

Maybe we get our own green men

Maybe we get our own green men.

Solomon believes humans on Mars would be more near-sighted as they would only live in their small communities and would no longer need to see far.

He cites cavefish living in deep trenches that have gone blind because they no longer need vision.

Studies have also shown that children who spend more time indoors become more near-sighted.

But that's not all. Humans would also develop brittle bones and weaker muslces, the expert says.

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He writes: "Science fiction has often portrayed Martians or aliens coming from Mars as being tall and lanky and thin."

Weaker bones due to the lack of gravity could also cause a woman pelvis to break during childbirth.

Another study by scientists Eneko Axpe and Eric Appel claims that half of astronauts travelling to Mars would develop Osteoporosis - a health condition which makes bones weaker and easier to fracture.

In fact, NASA scientists are trying to figure out how to deal with space weightlessness and its impact on the density of bones and muscles.

Modern astronauts have to exercise for around two hours per day in space t prevent this from happening.

Appel said: "A lot of people focus on the technological challenges of getting to Mars, or the psychological challenges of being in a spacecraft for 1,000 days, but not necessarily the fact that your bones decay.

"Can people even make it, or will they be jello by the time they get there?"

Meanwhile, Solomons also believes humans on the Red Planet would lose their immune system fairly quickly because they would be living in a sterile environment.

This is because the settlers would have no need for a body capable of fighting off germs.

These changes could mean that humans are forced to splinter from their Martian cousins as physical contact such as sexual intercourse could be lethal for the "little green men."

The biologist also reckons Martian kids living in Musk's colony would see evolutionary changes in maybe one generation or two.

He said: "Evolution is faster or slower depending on how much of an advantage there is to having a certain mutation.

"If a mutation pops up for people living on Mars, and it gives them a 50-per cent survival advantage, thats a huge advantage, right?

"And that means that those individuals are going to be passing those genes on at a much higher rate than they otherwise would have.

3

In a message to Musk and other billionaires keen on making the move to Mars, the Amazon founder and the world's second richest man Jeff Bezos issued a stark warning.

The Amazon founder said: "My friends who want to move to Mars? I say do me a favour:

"Go live on the top of Mount Everest for a year first and see if you like it, because it's a garden paradise compared to Mars."

Musk has long spoken about his dream of colonising Mars - with his vision of mankind's first city on the Red Planet by around 2050.

SpaceX's current goal is to send the first uncrewed version of his massive Starship vessel to 2024.

And the billionaire remains confident that the first humans will land on Mars by 2026.

He hopes that within his lifetime he will be able to transport around one million people to live on Mars.

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Kids born on Mars after Elon Musks SpaceX missions would have brittle bones, weak eyesight and green ski... - The Sun

Prague moon colony and koda lunar rover on show at Czech Space Week – Radio Prague

The 3D printed model of New Prague adds on to a series of international research projects known as the Global Moon Village concept. The imaginary colony features residential modules containing laboratories, greenhouses, landing ramps and a solar farm, all of which are the results of conceptual research into how a future space colony may operate.

Next to it stands LUNIAQ a lunar rover for four astronauts that was inspired by the designs of koda cars, but its technology is based on real NASA space vehicle concepts.

Both the vehicle and village can be found in the Virtuplex hall in Prague and were designed by Czech architect Tom Rousek, who has been focusing on designing structures for use in space for several years now. Visitors to the hall can also put on VR goggles and get a feel for what it is like to walk on the moon.

Czech Space Week|Photo: Michaela hov, TK

The exhibit is part of a much wider Czech Space Week programme that has been running since Monday. In it, the public has the opportunity to learn more about the universe and the latest developments in space related research through presentations held by leading experts in the field. The event is set to close next Saturday with a special Space Film Concert, performed by the Prague Philharmonic Orchestra in the Music and Dance Faculty of the Academy of Performing Arts in Prague.

Aside from educational events, this years Czech Space Week also drew some of the heavyweights of the European space programme. Among them was the Head of the Innovation and Ventures Office of the European Space Agency Frank Salzgeber.

Speaking about the work of the agencys Business Incubation Centre in Prague, which is helping aspiring Czech startups hoping to break into the space business, Mr Salzgeber mentioned InsightART, a company which uses cosmic detector technology as an art verification tool.

It might not bring 5,000 jobs, but I think it is something where you will lead the world in a certain area and people will look to the city of Prague for that.

Czech Space Week also saw networking among scientists. A special conference looking into how the EUs Copernicus environmental monitoring system could be used to help fulfil the unions Green Deal commitments was held at Charles University.

Czech Space Week is organised by CzechInvest and the Ministry of Transport in cooperation with several organisations, including the European Space Education Resource Office and the Czech Academy of Sciences.

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Prague moon colony and koda lunar rover on show at Czech Space Week - Radio Prague

Chandigarh: Substandard living conditions irk voters of ward 3 – Hindustan Times

On election day, voters in ward number 3, will go for a candidate who resolves the ever-increasing parking problem, works towards improving sanitation levels and upgrading the sewage system.

After the reorganisation of wards, most areas of the erstwhile ward 19, are now the constituents of the Ward 3. It includes Sector 26, Sector 26-E, EWS Colony, Bapu Dham Colony Phase 1, 2 and 3, Police Line (Sector 26) and Madrasi Colony (Sector 26). Transport area has been excluded from the new ward.

At the centre of the ward is one of the oldest clusters of housing created for economically weaker sections (EWS) of the society the Bapu Dham Colony phases 1, 2 and 3. Created more than 40 years ago, the colony has expanded over the year in different phases. The area came into limelight last year when it became the citys epicentre of Covid pandemic.

At the time of its inception, in fact even a decade ago, nobody visualised that people would face car parking problems. Even the planners didnt earmark parking space in EWS housing. But now the situation has changed dramatically --for the worse, said Harish Kumar, a local resident who runs a taxi.

Residents complain the community parking space in the community centre is not enough. It only provides space for 30-40 cars, and so most of the cars are parked either on the roadside or in small parks and there is no space left even for emergency vehicles to reach the interiors of the area, say residents.

An older problem for the area is the sewerage system. The sewerage system was recently re-laid. But in areas like phase 2 and 3, the sewage overflows and leakages still remain. Either the MC didnt complete the job systematically or the material used was substandard, said Prakash Singh, a resident who works in a factory in Baddi.

Health infrastructure also needs improvements in the area, say residents. Akash Shankar, an engineer and social activist, said, There is a dispensary in the mandi but for the large population of the area, it is inadequate. A health centre with better facility is required here.

A visit to the area indicates roads in most areas and outer parks are in relatively good shape. Though residents inform that these improvements have happened only in the last four or five months. The general sanitation and garbage collection system, say residents, leave much to be desired. Yogesh Arora, running a wholesale business in vegetable and fruits, says, MC garbage vans do come but the numbers are highly inadequate. People end up dumping their garbage in the open. Cleanliness should also be done more comprehensively in the area.

In the last elections, Dalip Sharma won as an independent candidate though later he joined the Bharatiya Janata Party.

Yanki Kaliya, from opposition Congress party and a resident of Madrasi Colony, said, There is space available for additional parking but nothing was done on this. No major projects have come up. Other colonies have new community centres, sports complex, etc but here we have nothing.

Sharma, said, We have resolved most of the issues related to roads, sewage, parks and sanitation in the last five years. On the parking problems, he said, Earlier, there was no such problem, it has cropped up only recently. We will provide solution to it too.

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Chandigarh: Substandard living conditions irk voters of ward 3 - Hindustan Times

What Do We Really Know About Elon Musk’s Plans of Mars ‘Self-Sustaining Civilization’? – News18

Elon Musk is the worlds richest man and the CEO of Tesla and SpaceX. Hes also one more thing: Mars colonization enthusiast. Elon Musk will not stop tweeting about Mars and how humanity should move from Earth to the Red planet. Elon Musk has mentioned his plans of taking humans to Mars for a while, and it appears his agenda isnt stopping anytime soon. Musk has always been very vocal about his Martian ambitions - Elon Musk had mentioned his plans of taking humans to Mars for a while and has even set a timeline for it. Musk who had mentioned colonizing Mars several times, also announced that he wants to make his own laws on the red planet. But what do we really know about Musks plans on a self-sustaining civilization on the planet?

In February this year, for the first time ever, Musk specifically mentioned a time-line to get humans on the red planet. Five and a half years," Musk had said. While thats not a hard deadline, Musk listed a number of caveats theres a raft of technological advances that must be made in the intervening years. The important thing is that we establish Mars as a self-sustaining civilization," he had said. The strange thing is the deadline may be a little ambitious, as even USAs leading space agency, NASA, had a much more different date, one which is seven years after Musks time. The first humans arent due to arrive on a NASA funded rocket until at least 2033.

Is Musks plan of getting humans to Mars by 2026 too ambitious?

Humans could make the journey if technology allows, and - if they physically survive it. Some of the known risks of space travel arent simple or minor: Along with space sickness, there is radiation high-energy subatomic particles that will pass through an astronauts skin, damaging cells inside and out. Space travellers bones and muscles also can weaken as those body parts no longer have to constantly work against gravity. Blood and other fluids from the lower parts of the body can accumulate in upper body parts, including around the brain. Another side effect: Astronauts may suffer hearing loss.

The question on why Mars specifically, and not another planet has been the centre of many compelling arguments by scientists over the years. A 2017 report in Astronomy explored how, The atmosphere of Mars is mostly carbon dioxide, the surface of the planet is too cold to sustain human life, and the planets gravity is a mere 38% of Earths. Plus, the atmosphere on Mars is equivalent to about 1% of the Earths atmosphere at sea level." Thats not all. Mars temperatures may not be suited for humans either. The average temperatures of Mars oscillate sbetween 35 C to -143 C. The average temperature on the planet surface too is -63 C. How do you warm the planet up? Musk has suggested - terraforming or in his own terms, nuking Mars.

Terraforming or terraformation, which literally means Earth-shaping is the hypothetical process of deliberately modifying the atmosphere, temperature, surface topography or ecology of a planet, moon, or other body to be similar to the environment of Earth to make it habitable by Earth-like life. How does Musk plan on terraforming it though? In 2015, Musk had suggested nuking the poles.

Elon Musk explained that we could terraform Mars by exploding nuclear bombs over its polar caps. He had said that the radiation wouldnt be an issue since the explosion would be in space over the poles, but the heat release would vaporize the frozen carbon dioxide to greenhouse warm the planet and melt the water ice. In the follow-up comments to explain his stance, he added other things he had in mind. Musk said his idea was to create two tiny pulsing suns" over the regions. Theyre really above the planet, theyre not on the planet," Musk said at an event for Solar City in New York Citys Times Square this morning. Every few moments, he wants to send a large fusion bomb over the poles, to create small blinking suns. A lot of people dont appreciate that our Sun is a large fusion explosion," he had said, reported The Verge in 2015.

Musks Nuke Mars agenda also had t-shirts. Musk had designed T-shirts to promote his idea to drop nuclear weapons on Mars. Musk revealed the theory of nuking Mars recently which, according to him, will transform the exterior of the planet liveable for human beings. The billionaire CEO was also spotted wearing the T-shirt in his appearance on Saturday Night Live in May this year.

The short answer - no. The more complicated answer hes going, but maybe not first. In an interview with Kara Swisher at the Code Conference 2021 Elon Musk described his space plans, which included a self-sustaining city on Mars, and a base on the Moon for those who want to go there." While Musk, doesnt have immediate plans, and at the interview mentioned, My goal is not to send myself up. My goal is to open up space to humanity and become a multiplanet species," he did add, that Ill go up at some point."

In the February interview where he mentioned a dateline, he was also asked if he would allow his children to go to Mars on a future rocket trip. He had responded if were talking about the third or fourth set of landings on Mars Id be ok with that, adding that so far none of them are jumping to go to Mars.

A November 2020 report in The Independent had found that SpaceX will not be recognising any international law on Mars and will instead follow a set of self-governing principles that will be laid down during the Martian settlement. Elon Musk appears to have very subtly slipped in a clause into the terms of agreement of Starlink satellite broadband services that SpaceX will make its own set of rules on Mars. The Starlink terms of the agreement reads: For services provided on Mars, or in transit to Mars via Starship, or other colonisation spacecraft, the parties recognise Mars as a free planet and that no Earth-based government has authority or sovereignty over Martian activities. Accordingly, disputes will be settled through self-governing principles, established in good faith, at the time of Martian settlement. The Independent report also added that this future colony created by SpaceX would likely use constellations of Starlink satellites orbiting the planet to provide internet connection. Elon Musks SpaceX has already launched more than 800 satellites with the aim of offering broadband internet globally. The Declaration of the Rights and Responsibilities of Humanity in the Universe, however, mentions that space would be considered free, by all, for all, and to all.

SpaceXs website Mission to Mars explains it with a quote by Musk. You want to wake up in the morning and think the future is going to be great - and thats what being a spacefaring civilization is all about. Its about believing in the future and thinking that the future will be better than the past. And I cant think of anything more exciting than going out there and being among the stars."

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What Do We Really Know About Elon Musk's Plans of Mars 'Self-Sustaining Civilization'? - News18

Earth’s wobbly companion is probably the result of a lunar impact, reckon space boffins – The Register

A freshly discovered train-sized rock that tags along with Earth as a constant companion orbiting the Sun is most likely a fragment of the Moon resulting from an ancient lunar impact.

469219 Kamo'oalewa discovered by observers in Hawaii in 2016 is about 41 metres in diameter and orbits the Sun in a trajectory not dissimilar from our own blue planet.

Although the nearest of Earth's quasi-satellites (don't worry, it's minimum orbital intersection distance* with Earth is five million km), very little is known about the rock's origins owing to its tiny size and habit of dwelling in the darkness of space.

Yet scientists working on a University of Arizona-led project have been able to shed some light on the question. Their analysis of rays reflected from the surface of the space rock observed using the Large Binocular Telescope in the Pinaleno Mountains of southeastern Arizona, and the Lowell Discovery Telescope in the Coconino National Forest near Happy Jack, Arizona, strongly suggest it may have lunar origins.

Graduate student Benjamin Sharkey and the team showed Kamo'oalewa has a red reflectance spectrum, very similar to that of minerals on the Moon's surface.

"This spectrum is indicative of a silicate-based composition, but with reddening beyond what is typically seen amongst asteroids in the inner solar system. We compare the spectrum to those of several material analogs and conclude that the best match is with lunar-like silicates. This interpretation implies extensive space weathering and raises the prospect that Kamo'oalewa could comprise lunar material," states the paper published in Nature Communications Earth & Environment.

Although the paper concedes that the conclusion is speculative, it seems more likely than other possibilities.

Kamo'oalewa might have been captured in its Earth-like orbit from the general population of Near-Earth Objects (NEOs), but its "eccentricity and inclination are, however, rather atypical of such captured co-orbital states found in numerical simulations," the paper says.

Alternatively, it could originate from an as-yet-undiscovered population of Earth's Trojan asteroids, another group of solar system objects. It is an idea that could be tested with more observations of that system.

That leaves the possibility that Kamo'oalewa originates in the Earth-Moon system, perhaps coming from debris spewed out of an impact on the lunar surface. It could even have come from a tidal or rotational break up of another NEO.

An origin within the Earth-Moon system is also supported by the object's low relative velocity as it approaches Earth, being much lower than other NEOs.

Kamo'oalewa's name originates from the Hawaiian words for fragment and oscillate. It sort of seems to orbit Earth yet doesn't. It orbits the Sun, but oscillates around the earth as its constant companion owing to a slightly different orbital period (366 days) and the inclination of its orbit compared with Earth's, as this handy animation shows.

* While Kamo'oalewa's MOID is 5 million km, in real terms, that means it gets no closer than 14.5 million km from Earth.

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Earth's wobbly companion is probably the result of a lunar impact, reckon space boffins - The Register

‘The Artist Colony’ celebrates the mysterious Carmel women who painted outside the lines. – 90.3 KAZU

Local Author Joanna Fitzpatrick has always written about courageous women who live life on their own terms. When she discovered that her great-aunt belonged to a community of female artists who lived and painted in Carmel in the 1920s, she found the perfect inspiration for her next novel, a murder mystery set in Carmel called The Artist Colony.

Fitzpatrick knew she wanted the novel to be a juicy whodunit. But the project became more personal when she decided to use the life of her aunt, Ada Belle Champlin, as inspiration.

I couldnt just write a mystery, Fitzpatrick said. It was too deep.

A landscape painting by Champlin first drew Fitzpatrick to the Central Coast. It featured a small country road in Carmel lined with eucalyptus trees. The piece was hanging in Fitzpatricks home on the East Coast for years before it inspired her to move to Carmel Valley. Thats when she began to investigate the life of her great-aunt, which led her to a cottage in Carmel known as the Sketch Box the same cottage where Champlin lived and painted a century ago.

Dylan Music / KAZU News

The Sketch Box is where much of the action takes place in The Artist Colony. Belinda Vidor, another female artist, now lives in the space.

She let me into her home and we became immediate friends, Fitzpatrick said of Vidor. I think Ada Belles spirit was there with us.

The Artist Colony begins with its lead character, Sarah, traveling to Carmel after receiving the news that her sisters body was found washed up on the beach. Was it a suicide as the authorities said? Or had she been murdered? Thats what Sarah intends to find out from the remaining group of women artists, including Rosie McCann, the warm and comforting innkeeper, and Sirena, a feisty young painter with a secretive past.

A community of women artists painting together was uncommon in the 1920s. Through the lens of Central Coast history, The Artist Colony examines the roles of women a century ago, and how the creative women of Carmels artist colony defied those roles.

All of Fitzpatricks books are about women who face difficult circumstances but manage to persevere and achieve great things. Her first novel was based on the life of modernist author Katharine Mansfield, part of the English writing scene known as the Bloomsbury Group, which also included Virginia Woolf and D.H. Lawrence. Mansfield struggled in the 1920s, when very few women got published in a male-dominated industry.

Her next book, The Drummers Widow, was written as a way for Fitzpatrick to deal with her own grief and worry as her musician husband battled cancer. Fortunately, he survived his illness.

Fitzpatrick will host a book signing event at the Pacific Grove Art Center Dec.12 at noon. The event will feature live 1920s-style jazz and a presentation called Giving Voice to Monterey Artists.

Also appearing at the event will be the painting of the Carmel Valley eucalyptus trees by Champlin the inspiration for Fitzgerald to move to the Central Coast and write The Artist Colony.

More information about Fitzpatrick and her books can be found at https://www.joannafitzpatrick.com/.

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'The Artist Colony' celebrates the mysterious Carmel women who painted outside the lines. - 90.3 KAZU

Conservative SCOTUS Justices Are Religious-Liberty Hypocrites – The Atlantic

John Henry Ramirez is going to die. The state of Texas is going to kill him. The question that came before the Supreme Court this week is whether Dana Moore, his longtime pastor, will be able to lay hands on him as he dies.

Given the grand, even alarmed pronouncements about religious liberty made by the right-wing justices recently, you might think this would be an easy decision. But at the oral argument, several of the conservative justices suddenly became concerned about whether Ramirez is sincere in his religious beliefs, or whether he is simply, in the words of Justice Clarence Thomas, gaming the system.

Justice Samuel Alito shared his fear that approving Ramirezs request might produce an unending stream of variations from other condemned prisoners seeking religious accommodations. Whats going to happen when the next prisoner says that I have a religious belief that he should touch my knee? He should hold my hand? He should put his hand over my heart? He should be able to put his hand on my head? Were going to have to go through the whole human anatomy with a series ofof cases. Similarly, Justice Brett Kavanaugh worried that if the Court ruled in favor of Ramirez, then there will be the next case after that and the next case after that where people are moving the goalposts on their claims in order to delay executions.

Garrett Epps: The machinery of death is back on the docket

Ive heard a lot of slippery-slope arguments in my time, and I confess that the possibility that the condemned might experience a brief moment of comfort before death has to be among the least frightening Ive ever encountered.

As Slates Mark Joseph Stern writes, the conservative justices novel concern with the potential that people might use their religious beliefs to get around the law is particularly jarring, given that these same justices have refused to consider that possibility in other cases. When the issue is businesses of public accommodation discriminating against customers on the basis of sexual orientation, or adoption, or contraception, or even vaccination, the conservative justices have refused to consider whether someone might seek a religious exemption in bad faith. In the conservative commentariat, the mere suggestion that someone might do so is taken as evidence that conservative Christians are being persecuted. With any kind of exemption, theres a chance that someone might try to claim one in bad faith. Its not beyond the pale for the justices to consider that chance; its telling that they do so only under certain circumstances.

Many questions of religious liberty involve two parties who have reasonable claims that a decision one way or the other could violate their rights. Such cases are usually complex. But the extent to which certain justices take such questions seriously appears related to how politically sympathetic they are to a given party. In this case, Ramirez is a convicted murderer who stabbed a man to death during a robbery. He is a far less sympathetic figure to the conservative justices than the owners of Hobby Lobby, whose religious views did not prevent them from accumulating thousands of stolen artifacts from the Middle East. Their skepticism of his motives comes despite the fact that the Ramirez case has no particular partisan valence.

The justices who are so skeptical of Ramirez have not always been eager to question motives. In Ramos v. Louisiana, a case involving nonunanimous juries, Alito fumed at Justice Neil Gorsuch for pointing out that the history of such juries was tied up in an effort to undermine African American participation on juries, whining that the majority opinion, which held that the Sixth Amendment requires unanimous juries for conviction in criminal trials, reflected a modern discourse that attempts to discredit an argument not by proving that it is unsound but by attacking the character or motives of the arguments proponents. That Louisianas 1898 constitution was a consciously racist document that successfully disenfranchised the states Black residents and purposely prevented them from serving on juries was apparently not germane, nor was the origin of Oregons similar law in an attempt to forestall the influence of racial, ethnic, and religious minorities on Oregon juries. Indeed, as Gorsuch wrote, courts in both Louisiana and Oregon have frankly acknowledged that race was a motivating factor in the adoption of their States respective nonunanimity rules. Alitos reaction to the facts of the case was what you would expect from an obsessive Fox News watcher, rather than the apolitical jurist he claims to be.

Read: Samuel Alito and the slippery slope of liberty

Similarly, in 2019, the Trump administration sought to use the addition of a citizenship question to the census to effect a nationwide racial gerrymander, a decision that was quickly challenged in court by voting-rights groups. The scheme was uncovered when the daughter of Thomas Hofeller, the Republican operative who had developed the idea, handed his hard drives over to liberal advocacy groups. The documents, and communication between Hofeller and the Trump administration, made clear that the questions stated purposeto aid enforcement of the Voting Rights Actwas insincere.

The documents came out too late to be considered in the argument about adding the question held before the Court, but they seem to have affected the outcome anyway. In an opinion that was otherwise highly sympathetic to the Trump administration, Chief Justice John Roberts sided with the Democratic appointees, ruling against the administration on a technicality that left it without time to implement the scheme. Alito was outraged, however, that anyone would question the Trump administrations motives. In his dissent, Alito thundered that the decision is either an aberration or a license for widespread judicial inquiry into the motivations of Executive Branch officials. Thomas also lamented the din of suspicion and distrust that seems to typify modern discourse, suggesting that the volume of evidence pointing to the Trump administrations dishonesty had used corkboard andwith a jar of pins and a spool of string to create an eye-catching conspiracy web. Not long after the decision, Donald Trump did what he usually does, and confirmed that those who were suspicious and distrusting of the administrations motives were correct. Questioning the motives of Republican officialsbut only Republican officialsis apparently impolite, especially when they are obviously lying.

From 2018 to 2020, civility in politics was a constant theme in conservative media. Such calls for civility were, as I wrote at the time, less a demand for a political discourse rooted in mutual respect than a demand for submission to those currently in power. That the conservative justices would have the same political preoccupations as Fox News is not at all surprising. By the same token, however, the public is not obligated to humor the justices insistence on being seen as apolitical actors while they wage partisan culture wars from the bench.

These justices now echo the refrain that we should not question other peoples motives, that to do so is uncivil and undignifiedexcept when they feel like doing it. As the record shows, holding motives above question is not a standard these justices adhere to; its just one they demand of others. You might ask whether its one they really believe in.

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Conservative SCOTUS Justices Are Religious-Liberty Hypocrites - The Atlantic

Kay Arthur returns to Liberty University, calls on Christians to ‘stand firm’ on the truth of God’s Word Liberty News – Liberty News

(Photos by Andrew Snyder)

Speaking to an arena full of Liberty University students who represent the future of the Church and America, co-founder of Precept Ministries International and bestselling author Kay Arthur implored them to hold tight to the truth of Gods Word and stand boldly as Christ followers in the midst of a sinful earthly culture.

Arthur has authored over 100 books and Bible study workbooks since co-founding Precept Ministries International in 1970 with her late husband, Jack, and she reached millions through her time as host of her Precept for Life program on television and radio, reaching more than 75 million households in over 30 countries each day for more than 20 years.

On Wednesday, as Arthur returned to Libertys Convocation for the third time since speaking in 2013 and 2015, she expressed her thankfulness for the chance to once again address the student body. Students gave her a warm welcome, with an impromptu singing of Happy Birthday to celebrate her 88th birthday on Thursday.

Here I am at (nearly) 88 years old having the wonderful privilege of sharing with you the Word of God, which has gotten lost in many places in the house of God, Arthur said. I want us to pray, and I want us to ask God to open the eyes of our understanding, to show us the times in which we are living and to help us be prepared to meet our God. I believe that God is about to shake the things that can be shaken in a great and powerful way, and I believe this is our hour, this is our time, and we must seize the day.

She cited multiple times in the Old Testament in which Gods people had allowed their culture to devolve into wickedness and perversion. As it says in Amos 4, Arthur explained, those who reject Gods knowledge and opportunities He gave them to return to your God in the midst of trials are forgotten by God. She made the connection to the sinful practices that have unfortunately become prevalent in the United States and the rest of the world.

Think about your culture; there is swearing, there is deception, there is murder, there is stealing, and there is adultery, Arthur said. We are an adulterous and wicked generation, and we are being led by men and women who have no fear of God before their eyes and who are leading us more and more into the judgment of God as we sin.

The ultimate truth of God being sovereign and the infallibility of His Word is what can bring us out of this darkness, however, and Arthur said that Christians need to hold tight to the truth and to the light God has given his people in order to walk with Him. She cited one of her favorite verses in Scripture, Daniel 11:32b, which says those who know and follow God are able to stand firm and take action.

He rules over all and does according to His will, and that is the one (truth) that has enabled me and our (Precept) staff to stand firm and to take action, because the people who know their God will be strong and (do great things), Arthur said. Weve got to proclaim His Word, weve got to reprove and rebuke and exhort. We that follow Jesus will not walk in darkness, and because we are in the light and are walking as He wants us to walk, when we step out in the midst of this crooked and perverse generation, are (others) going to notice us? Yes.

Weve got to be willing to lay down our lives, lay down our freedom, for (the sake of) standing for truth; not turning to the left or right, but to observe and do according to all that God has commanded us, she added.

In 1963, as a 29-year-old who had no relationship with God and had been immoral in her earthly relationships, Arthur said she found herself crying out to God and asking him to transform her life and bring the peace she had failed to find on her own.

I fell on my knees and said, I dont care what you do to me, I dont care if I never see another man as long as I live, I dont care if you paralyze me from the neck down, if you will just give me peace. That morning, on my knees, I met God and I had the Prince of Peace living inside of me.

Since then, Arthur said that she has been amazed by what God has done in her life and ministry.

Never did I dream what God would do, she said. Any old bush will do to set on fire with the fire of God. We just have to know that its his fire and hes the one thats doing it. I never dreamed that (Precept) would end up in 190-some countries and over 90-some languages teaching people how to study the Word inductively, how to go to the text and find out exactly what God says, and then to live accordingly.

Arthur emphasized that every truth and every instruction for how to live is found in Gods Word. While books by todays pastors and theologians can still offer great insights, Arthur said the only book that can wholly speak into the life of a Christian is the Bible.

You and I are to live by every word that comes out of the mouth of God, she said. Jesus said that man doesnt live on bread alone but by every word of God, so know God deeply and put (away) a lot of the other books.

Arthur held her Bible in-hand in front of her toward those in the audience.

You (might) say, Ive got to be relevant (and read other books), but listen: this is relevance, Arthur said. This is reality, this is truth, and you and I need to claim it in season and out of season. You will be surprised by what God (will do).

In closing, Arthur shared a personal message of encouragement to the students, urging them to follow God through their education and future careers and make use of His provision in their lives.

I want you to know that I am so thankful for Liberty University, she said. I have the privilege of working with people who graduated from here, and I want to say, Well done, but I also want to say, Press on. Dont turn to the right and dont turn to the left, but observe to do according to all that He has promised and enabled you to do. To Him be the glory forever and ever.

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Kay Arthur returns to Liberty University, calls on Christians to 'stand firm' on the truth of God's Word Liberty News - Liberty News

Liberty Mutual Insurance Elects Anne Waleski to the Company’s Board of Directors – PRNewswire

BOSTON, Nov. 11, 2021 /PRNewswire/ -- Liberty Mutual Insurance Chairman and Chief Executive Officer David Long today announced thatAnne Waleski, formerly Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer of Markel Corporation, has been elected to the company's board of directors. Waleski has served in executive and leadership roles at publicly traded companies and brings over 30 years of extensive financial expertise spanning the property and casualty insurance, manufacturing and retail sectors.

"The thoughtful insights and perspectives that Anne Waleski will contribute to our board are invaluable," said Long. "Her diverse array of professional experience, deep knowledge of our industry and corporate finances, and notable philanthropic efforts align with our company's identity and values."

Waleski joined Markel Corporation, a global Fortune 500 financial holding firm that includes insurance, reinsurance and investment operations,in 1993 and held various roles of increasing responsibility during her 26-year career at the company. She served as the organization's Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer and upon her decision to retire early, moved into a transitional role as Executive Vice President overseeing Markel's community engagement and charitable giving. Waleski also worked at Reynolds Metals and Circuit City Stores early in her career.

"I'm pleased to join Liberty Mutual's esteemed board and collaborate with the company's executive leadership team and my fellow directors to help drive the business forward," said Waleski. "The company's vision strongly resonates with me and I'm looking forward to working together with my new colleagues."

Waleski also serves on the board of directors for Enact Holdings, Inc. and Tredegar Corporation, She is actively involved in a number of charitable activities and nonprofit organizations, including being a board member for SportsBackers and the Virginia Institute of Marine Science. She earned her master of business administration from the University of Richmond and bachelor of arts in economics from the College of William and Mary. Waleski also completed the advanced management program at the Fuqua School of Business from Duke University.

Liberty Mutual's board of directors is comprised of experienced and highly skilled independent members. The company has been recognized by the National Association of Corporate Directors for its diverse board membership and commitment to the inclusion of women and people of color.

About Liberty Mutual Insurance At Liberty Mutual, we believe progress happens when people feel secure. By providing protection for the unexpected and delivering it with care, we help people embrace today and confidently pursue tomorrow.

In business since 1912, and headquartered in Boston, today we are the sixth largest global property and casualty insurer based on 2020 gross written premium. We also rank 71 on the Fortune 100 list of largest corporations in the U.S. based on 2020 revenue.As of December 31, 2020, we had $43.8 billion in annual consolidated revenue.

We employ over 45,000 people in 29 countries and economies around the world. We offer a wide range of insurance products and services, including personal automobile, homeowners, specialty lines, reinsurance, commercial multiple-peril, workers compensation, commercial automobile, general liability, surety, and commercial property.

Contact: [emailprotected]

SOURCE Liberty Mutual Insurance

http://www.libertymutual.com

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Liberty Mutual Insurance Elects Anne Waleski to the Company's Board of Directors - PRNewswire

Announcing Six Winners of the Third Annual Manning/IALS Innovation Awards : Institute for Applied Life Sciences – UMass News and Media Relations

The University of Massachusetts AmherstsInstitute for Applied Life Sciences (IALS)has announced that six campus research teams have been named recipients of the 3rd annualManning/IALS Innovation Awards. These translational grants are designed to advance applied research and development efforts from UMass-based faculty research groups in the sciences and engineering through the development of spin-out/startup companies and the out-licensing of UMass intellectual property.

Alumnus Paul Manning and his wife, Diane, committed $1 million through their family foundation to establish theManning Innovation Program. The gift provides three years of support in advancing a robust and sustainable commercialization pipeline of applied and translational research projects from UMass Amherst.

Peter Reinhart, founding director of IALS, says, We are grateful to the Manning Family Foundation and Paul Manning for their support of this exciting translational initiative. This seed fund program enables UMass Amherst start-up companies to traverse the funding valley of death towards success.

Six projects were selected from a highly competitive group of applicants. Each successful team will receive seed funding of up to $100,000 over 12 to 18 months towards achieving translational milestones. In addition, a collaborative effort from IALS, the College of Natural Sciences, the Berthiaume Center for Entrepreneurship and the Isenberg School of Management will provide support for commercialization efforts, including business training and mentorship resources.

The winning team leaders and their projects are:

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Announcing Six Winners of the Third Annual Manning/IALS Innovation Awards : Institute for Applied Life Sciences - UMass News and Media Relations

Pressure BioSciences Awarded Second U.S. Patent for Its Revolutionary Ultra Shear Technology Platform, for Its Innovative NanoGap Valve – Yahoo…

Dynamically-Adaptive Compact Valve is Key Component in the Company's Highly Anticipated and Proprietary UST Platform; UST Expected to Help Deliver Strong Sales Growth and Profitability in 2022

SOUTH EASTON, MA / ACCESSWIRE / November 11, 2021 / Pressure BioSciences, Inc. (OTCQB:PBIO) ("PBI" or the "Company"), a leader in the development and sale of broadly enabling, pressure-based instruments, consumables, and specialized services to the worldwide life sciences, agriculture, cosmetics, food & beverage, and other industries, today announced the award of its second U.S. patent for its revolutionary Ultra Shear Technology (UST) platform. Entitled "Ultrahigh Pressure Compact Valve with Throttling Capability", this new patent (US 11,156,295) brings the Company's intellectual property ("IP") estate to a total of seven UST patents (two in the U.S.) and 30 pressure-based patents worldwide.

The Company's UST platform was created to revolutionize the processing of immiscible liquids (typically oils and water) - usually processed into macro/micro emulsions - into high quality, highly valuable, long-term stable nanoemulsions. Emulsions are mixtures of two or more liquids that are normally not soluble in each other without the addition of chemicals called emulsifiers (e.g., surfactants). Emulsions are used in thousands of products in everyday use, such as in dairy products, lotions and creams, drugs and vaccines, and nutraceuticals. Scientific data indicate that higher bioavailability and improved absorption in humans, animals and plants, plus greater stability, lower surfactant levels, and other advantages (such as more reliable dosing control) are vastly improved by high quality nanoemulsions versus micro or macroemulsions.

Dr. Edmund Y. Ting, Sr. Vice President of Engineering and an inventor on this patent, said: "The conversion of a coarser emulsion into a high-quality nanoemulsion with ultra-low droplet size is made possible by intense fluid shear forces created from pressure driven fluid velocity. By using pressures up to 60,000 psi to drive fluid flow, we believe that UST achieves a disruptive shear capability greater than any homogenizer on the market today. UST also achieves higher flow rates and lower processing costs than current high-pressure homogenizers by leveraging the use of field proven pumps, patented pressure transfer isolators, and our now patented, self-throttling Nanogap valve. The unique design of this compact, self-throttling valve is dynamically-adaptive, delivering clog and erosion resistance, with extraordinary precision and control in producing fine nanoemulsion dispersion size."

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Dr. Alexander V. Lazarev, Chief Science Officer, commented: "We are proud to see our work recognized with yet another strong patent. Amongst the exciting applications of our UST platform are enormous opportunities in the efficient and affordable production of stable nanoemulsions. Nanoemulsions are promising revolutionary advances in food/beverage, nutraceutical, personal care, pharmaceutical, agriculture, as well as many other industries. The UST process features exquisite control of high shear energy, resulting in a very reproducible product with a narrow distribution of droplet sizes as small as 40 to 100 nanometers. Such tiny, nano-sized oil droplets lead to greater stability and higher bioavailability of the active ingredients contained in the oil phase, resulting in more nutritional and better tasting liquid foods and beverages, as well as significantly higher quality drugs and vaccines in dosing and delivery."

Mr. John B. Hollister , Director of Marketing and Sales, stated, "The daily market interest we are receiving in UST-produced nanoemulsions prior to significant active promotion activities is very exciting. The potential benefits of nanoemulsified products are now recognized by important market leaders globally. The 2021 worldwide market size for a number of industries that could benefit from UST are each in the tens and even hundreds of billions of dollars. Over the past year, we have been working with major players in several of these markets to create unique formulations, the results of which have been embraced by these prospective partners. These companies are exerting tremendous pressure on us to release the commercial-scale, UST systems as quickly as possible. We believe the amount of nanoemulsified product required to meet these customers' needs will clearly help us achieve our goals of strong sales growth and profitability in 2022."

For more information on PBI's innovative UST, BaroFold, and PCT Platforms, and on the Company's new PBI Agrochem Division, please use the link to follow Mr. Schumacher's interview on Benzinga's ALL ACCESS Investor Event on Thursday, November 4, 2021. Schumacher Interview ALL ACCESS 11.4.21

About Pressure BioSciences, Inc.

Pressure BioSciences, Inc. (OTCQB: PBIO) is a leader in the development and sale of innovative, broadly enabling, pressure based solutions for the worldwide life sciences and other industries. Our products are based on the unique properties of both constant (i.e., static) and alternating (i.e., pressure cycling technology, or PCT) hydrostatic pressure. PCT is a patented enabling technology platform that uses alternating cycles of hydrostatic pressure between ambient and ultra-high levels to control biomolecular interactions safely and reproducibly (e.g., cell lysis, biomolecule extraction). Our primary focus is in the development of PCT- based products for biomarker and target discovery, drug design and development, biotherapeutics characterization and quality control, soil & plant biology, forensics, and counter-bioterror applications. Additionally, major new market opportunities have emerged in the use of our pressure-based technologies in the following areas: (1) the use of our recently acquired, patented technology from BaroFold, Inc. (the "BaroFold" technology) to allow entry into the bio-pharma contract services sector, and (2) the use of our recently-patented, scalable, high-efficiency, pressure-based Ultra Shear Technology ("UST") platform to (i) create stable nanoemulsions of otherwise immiscible fluids (e.g.,oils and water) and to (ii) prepare higher quality, homogenized, extended shelf-life or room temperature stable low-acid liquid foods that cannot be effectively preserved using existing non-thermal technologies.

Forward Looking Statements

This press release contains forward-looking statements. These statements relate to future events or our future financial performance and involve known and unknown risks, uncertainties and other factors that may cause our or our industry's actual results, levels of activity, performance or achievements to be materially different from any future results, levels of activity, performance or achievements expressed, implied or inferred by these forward-looking statements. In some cases, you can identify forward-looking statements by terminology such as "may," "will," "should," "could," "would," "expects," "plans," "intends," "anticipates," "believes," estimates," "predicts," "projects," "potential" or "continue" or the negative of such terms and other comparable terminology. These statements are only predictions based on our current expectations and projections about future events. You should not place undue reliance on these statements. In evaluating these statements, you should specifically consider various factors. Actual events or results may differ materially. These and other factors may cause our actual results to differ materially from any forward-looking statement. These risks, uncertainties, and other factors include, but are not limited to, the risks and uncertainties discussed under the heading "Risk Factors" in the Company's Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2020, and other reports filed by the Company from time to time with the SEC. The Company undertakes no obligation to update any of the information included in this release, except as otherwise required by law.

Investor Contacts:

Richard T. Schumacher, President and CEO(508) 230-1828 (T)

Alexander V. Lazarev, Ph.D., Chief Science Officer(508) 230-1829 (F)

Edmund Y. Ting, Sc.D., Sr. VP Engineering

For more information about PBI and this press release, please click on the following website link:http:/www.pressurebiosciences.com Please visit us on Facebook, LinkedIn, and Twitter.

SOURCE: Pressure BioSciences Inc.

View source version on accesswire.com: https://www.accesswire.com/672314/Pressure-BioSciences-Awarded-Second-US-Patent-for-Its-Revolutionary-Ultra-Shear-Technology-Platform-for-Its-Innovative-NanoGap-Valve

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Pressure BioSciences Awarded Second U.S. Patent for Its Revolutionary Ultra Shear Technology Platform, for Its Innovative NanoGap Valve - Yahoo...

Lecturer Positions in Intelligent Systems Engineering job with Indiana University Bloomington / Luddy School of Informatics, Computing, and…

The Luddy School of Informatics, Computing, and Engineering atIndiana University-Bloomington invites applications for twofull-time non-tenure track lecturer positions in Intelligent SystemEngineering, beginning in August 2022. We are particularlyinterested in candidates who can prepare and deliver courses inComputer Engineering and Cyber-physical Systems, potentially withapplications in Nanoengineering and Bioengineering.Desirable skills include systems programming, systems design, andprototyping.

In addition to course responsibilities, lecturers will also beresponsible for supervising associate instructors assigned to theirclasses, development of laboratory material, grading, and otherduties as assigned.

After successfully completing a probationary period, lecturerswill be eligible for long-term contracts and promotion to a SeniorLecturer position. Salary will be commensurate withqualifications and experience.

Candidates should possess a Masters of Science (MS) or higherdegree in Informatics, Computer Science, Information Science,Engineering, or a related discipline, or equivalent testedexperience such as experience and mastery in industry, and shouldbe able to demonstrate a record of teaching excellence andenthusiasm.

Applicants should preferably have two academic years experience(may be part-time). Luddy School seeks candidates prepared tocontribute to our commitment to diversity and inclusion in highereducation.

Lecturers at Indiana University are valued members of thefaculty and are expected to support the teaching mission of theLuddy School through excellence in pedagogical practice, service tothe school and academic programs, and inquiry into the advancementof pedagogy in computing.

Bloomington is a culturally thriving college town with amoderate cost of living and the amenities for an active lifestyle.IU is renowned for its top-ranked music school, high-performancecomputing and networking facilities, and performing and finearts.

Online applications received before December 12, 2021 will beassured full consideration; however, the search will remain openuntil a suitable candidate is found. Candidates should reviewapplication requirements, learn about IU, Luddy School, andbenefits, and apply online at:

https://indiana.peopleadmin.com/postings/11514

Questions may be emailed: bhimebau@indiana.edu

Indiana University is an equal employmentandaffirmative action employerand a provider of ADAservices. All qualified applicants will receive consideration foremployment without regard to age, ethnicity, color, race, religion,sex, sexual orientation, gender identity or expression, geneticinformation, marital status, national origin, disability status orprotected veteran status.

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NVIDIA Announces Jetson AGX Orin: Modules and Dev Kits Coming In Q1’22 – AnandTech

Today as part of NVIDIAs fall GTC event, the company has announced that the Jetson embedded system kits will be getting a refresh with NVIDIAs forthcoming Orin SoC. Due early next year, Orin is slated to become NVIDIAs flagship SoC for automotive and edge computing applications. And, has become customary for NVIDIA, they are also going to be making Orin available to non-automotive customers through their Jetson embedded computing program, which makes the SoC available on a self-contained modular package.

Always a bit of a side project for NVIDIA, the Jetson single-board computers have none the less become an important tool for NVIDIA, serving as both an entry-point for helping bootstrap developers into the NVIDIA ecosystem, and as a embedded computing product in and of itself. Jetson boards are sold as complete single-board systems with an SoC, memory, storage, and the necessary I/O in pin form, allowing them to serve as commercial off the shelf (COTS) systems for use in finished products. Jetson modules are also used as the basis of NVIDIAs Jetson developer kits, which throw in a breakout board, power supply, and other bits needed to fully interact with Jetson modules.

With NVIDIAs Orin SoC set to arrive early in 2022, NVIDIA is using this opportunity to announce the next generation of Jetson AGX products. Joining the Jetson AGX Xavier will be the aptly named Jetson AGX Orin, which integrates the Orin SoC.

Orin featuring 12 Arm Cortex-A78AE Hercules CPU cores and an integrated Ampere architecture GPU with 2048 CUDA cores, adding up to 17 billion transistors, Given Orin's mobile-first design, NVIDIA is being fairly conservative with the clockspeeds here; the CPU cores for Jetson AGX Orin top out at 2GHz, while the GPU tops out at 1GHz. Otherwise, the SoC also contains a pair of NVIDIAs latest generation dedicated Deep Learning Accelerators (DLA), as well as a vision accelerator to further speed up and efficiently process those tasks.

Rounding out the Jetson AGX Orin package, the Orin SoC is being paired with 32GB of LPDDR5 RAM, which is attached to a 256-bit memory bus, allowing for 204GB/second of memory bandwidth. Meanwhile storage is provided by a 64GB eMMC 5.1 storage device, which is twice the capacity of the previous generation Jetson AGX.

All told, NVIDIA is promising 200 TOPS of performance in INT8 machine learning workloads, which would be a 6x improvement over Jetson AGX Xavier. Presumably those performance figures are for the modules full 50W TDP, while performance is proportionally lower as you move towards the modules minimum TDP of 15W.

Meanwhile, for this generation NVIDIA will be maintaining pin and form-factor compatibility with Jetson AGX Xavier. So Jetson AGX Orin modules will be the same 100mm x 87mm in size, and use the same mezzanine connector, making Orin modules drop-in compatible with Xavier.

Jetson AGX Orin modules and dev kits are slated to become available in Q1 of 2022. NVIDIA has not announced any pricing information at this time.

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NVIDIA Announces Jetson AGX Orin: Modules and Dev Kits Coming In Q1'22 - AnandTech

"Dialogues between world Laureates and Gen-Z" was successfully held: an event focusing on Gen Z and the future of Science – PRNewswire

Topics discussed include the role of curiosity in scientific work, interdisciplinary research, and journalism's role in the education of the public. The discussants were unanimous on the importance of curiosity in promoting scientific research. John Hopcroft,a recipient of the 1986 A. M. Turing Award, remarked that "Curiosity is a fundamental driver of Science", similarly, Prof. Richard Zare, a recipient of the Wolf Prize in Chemistry stated that "a sense of wonder and curiosity"is more important for science than talent. It was telling that this opinion cut across generational and professional lines and is shared by Gen Z. Lending her voice to the conversation, Li Jingjing, a journalist with CGTN, added that "in journalism, you need to be curious about people and the environment" if one is to succeed.

On Interdisciplinary research, the consensus was that the best scientific research of the future would, primarily, emerge from interdisciplinary efforts. In fact, an attendee, Hou Xu, Professor at the College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, research work straddles nano-science, material science and biology provide early evidence of this budding trend.

A glimpse of how ideas and communication can flow between Gen-Z and older generations for the benefit of all occurred when Kid the bard, a popular Chinese internet influencer, fired a barrage of questions, sourced from his social media followersat Prof. Robert Kirshner, Clowes Professor of Science at Harvard University and the recipient of the 2015 Wolf prize in physics. This event provided a unique platform for bringing these diverse groups together.

CGTN Think Tank, [emailprotected]

SOURCE CGTN Think Tank, World Laureates Association (WLA), National Communication Center for Science and Technology, CAST

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"Dialogues between world Laureates and Gen-Z" was successfully held: an event focusing on Gen Z and the future of Science - PRNewswire