US Conducts Freedom of Navigation Operation Near China-Held Features in Spratlys – The Diplomat

Flashpoints|Security|Southeast Asia

The operation comes shortly after the unveiling of a new South China Sea position by the U.S. government.

On Tuesday, a U.S. Navy warship conducted a freedom of navigation operation (FONOP) near Chinese-held features in the Spratly Islands in the South China Sea. The operation was the first publicly reported FONOP since May 28.

USSRalph Johnson, an Arleigh Burke-class guided missile destroyer, sailed within 12 nautical miles of Cuarteron Reef and Fiery Cross Reef the sites of two Chinese artificial islands in the South China Sea. The operation coincided with the release of an updated position by the U.S. government on the South China Sea.

#USSRalphJohnson steams near the Spratly Islands in the South China Sea on Tuesday in the midst of a deployment to the region conducting #USNavy maritime security operations for a #FreeandOpenIndoPacific, the U.S. Pacific Fleet noted on its Twitter account.

The operation coincided with the announcement of a new position by U.S. Assistant Secretary of State for East Asia and the Pacific David Stillwell at a virtual event hosted by the Washington, D.C.-based Center for Strategic and International Studies.

In his remarks, Stillwell spoke of Chinas campaign to impose an order of might makes right in the South China Sea, and said Beijing is working to undermine the sovereign rights of other coastal states and deny them access to offshore resources.

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His speech mostly expanded on an announcement Monday by U.S. Secretary of State Mike Pompeo that the United States position on the South China Sea was going to be more aligned with the findings of an international tribunal in 2016 in the Philippines 2013 case against China.

On Tuesday, Stillwell said the United States rejects any PRC claim to waters beyond a 12 nautical mile territorial sea derived from islands it claims in the Spratly Islands.

This means that the United States rejects any PRC maritime claim in the waters surrounding Vanguard Bank (off Vietnam), Luconia Shoals (off Malaysia), Natuna Besar (off Indonesia), or in the waters of Bruneis EEZ, he added.

The United States began conducted freedom of navigation operations within 12 nautical miles of Chinese features in the South China Sea in October 2015 under the Obama administration.

The Trump administration continued the practice of using FONOPs to protest excessive maritime claims by littoral states, but increased the frequency of such operations. The U.S. regularly conducts these operations in the vicinity of the Paracel Islands and the Spratly Islands.

U.S. FONOPs are conducted near features held by China and other South China Sea claimant states.

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US Conducts Freedom of Navigation Operation Near China-Held Features in Spratlys - The Diplomat

3 Ways to Invest in Virtual and Augmented Reality – The Motley Fool

Augmented and virtual reality (AR/VR) is still a small industry. According to tech researcher IDC, global spending on AR/VR was $10.5 billion in 2019. Although the coronavirus pandemic has cast some doubt on short-term outcomes, IDC was predicting late last year that there would be a surge in global AR/VR spending to some $18.8 billion in 2020. That would be some impressive growth if it panned out.

The problem is that there are few viable investment options in AR/VR that are pure-play companies. However, existing technologists are investing in the next-gen digital viewing format and should reap handsome rewards if it continues to take off. Three companies that are worth a look are Facebook (NASDAQ:FB), Electronic Arts (NASDAQ:EA), and PTC (NASDAQ:PTC).

Facebook is one of the leaders of the AR/VR movement via its Oculus subsidiary, which it acquired back in 2014 for $2 billion. The Oculus Rift headset (which requires a PC) and the Quest headset (a freestanding unit) are best-known for video game and entertainment use, but the business world is also a fast-growing application. The Oculus for Business platform includes a Quest headset, helping organizations put together virtual training modules and build collaborative work environments.

Image source: Oculus.

These types of commercial applications are where IDC thinks the biggest AR/VR growth lies. Facebook's well-developed ecosystem covering the entire process from software development to app store to device management puts it in prime position to capitalize on the opportunity. In fact, IDC thinks half of global AR/VR spending this year will be for commercial use and come close to surpassing virtual entertainment use for the first time. AR/VR training is expected to grow at a more-than-60% rate through 2023 and become the largest sub-segment of the industry.

However, though I think Facebook finds itself in a leadership position with Oculus, this social media giant is still very much an advertising company. In 2019, the "other" revenue segment (comprised mostly of Oculus results) grew 26% year over year and surpassed $1 billion in revenue for the first time. That accounts for a big slice of the overall AR/VR market, but it was still just shy of 1.5% of Facebook's total revenue (the rest of which came from ads).

But things are changing fast. The "other" segment reported an 80% surge in revenue to $297 million to kick off the first quarter of 2020, and is quickly approaching 2% of Facebook's total revenue. With video games and related device sales up this year due to shelter-in-place measures and business spending on new virtual tools, this is a promising segment that could help keep Facebook in growth mode and diversify its revenue stream over the long term.

Of course, while business use of AR/VR is the fastest-growing segment of the industry, let's not forget that video games got it all started and still make up roughly half of global industry spending. And while fully immersive gaming experiences are still the minority, that is changing as the technology progressively improves and game producers invest in the development of dedicated AR/VR titles. One of those companies is Electronic Arts.

EA already has a library of games that feature a VR mode, like those accessed via Sony's PlayStation VR or an Oculus headset. But investment in AR/VR game modes is picking up pace. EA has announced a handful of titles that were built from the ground up to be used with a virtual headset. And one of the biggest tests of this format is coming this autumn, with the October release of Star Wars: Squadrons.

As big as the Star Wars franchise may be, EA's game development licensing agreement with the space opera's parent company Disney is relatively small potatoes. EA pays the bills with its marquee entries for FIFA soccer and Madden NFL video games, as well as the Battlefield and Apex Legends franchises. Priced at $40 on release with the promise of no in-game microtransactions to further monetize gameplay over the long term, Star Wars: Squadrons will be one-third cheaper than a typical new video game. That hints at either low production costs, a short storyline, or both. What the budget-friendly game means for EA's financials remains to be seen.

Nevertheless, just as last year's Star Wars Jedi: Fallen Order sold very well and laid down some new groundwork for what is required of the sci-fi entertainment epic, so too could Squadrons set a new bar for AR/VR gaming. Players will be able to fully immerse in a VR experience for the game in its entirety -- apparently both in the single-player story mode and online multiplayer mode. If it helps more consumers embrace VR, the new game could be a springboard for EA into the virtual entertainment space.

Let's shift back to commercial AR/VR use for this last pick, by way of industrial technologist PTC. The company's suite of software helps industrial and manufacturing companies (like those specializing in healthcare equipment, automotive, and aerospace outfits) make digital transformation. Often referred to as industry 4.0, today's manufacturing demand is being driven by automation via robotics, network connectivity to supply real-time data and equipment monitoring, and product design simulation and collaboration. That last piece of the puzzle is where AR/VR comes in.

The bulk of PTC's revenue is derived from its core design and product management software, which made up 70% of total revenue during the quarter ended in March 2020 and grew 10% compared with a year ago. However, the company's "growth" segment, which includes industrial Internet of Things and augmented reality offerings, grew annual recurring revenue by 30% in the period and made up 15% of the total.

PTC expects this area to remain a double-digit percentage growth concern for the next few years as its customers adapt to the new digital-first reality we find ourselves in. Whether it's new ways to remotely collaborate in the workplace, 3D simulation of product design, or virtual training modules, PTC's AR platform is helping industrial companies pivot to a new normal and optimize operations for better flexibility and profitability.

With a market cap of just $9 billion, PTC is by far the smallest stock on this list. However, its reliance on AR applications makes it the most concentrated on the advancement of the technology and could have the most to gain if commercial use of AR/VR ramps up in grand style like IDC predicts it will. Thus, for those looking to invest in virtual and augmented reality, PTC is worth a serious look right now.

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3 Ways to Invest in Virtual and Augmented Reality - The Motley Fool

Virtual Reality Time Machine Made with 365 Days of Video – Nerdist

San Francisco-based inventor and speaker Lucas Rizzottohas built a virtual reality time machine that allows him to relive his past. And while time machine is, of course, just a moniker, Rizzottos invention still allows him to experience his recent life in a way that, most likely, nobody else ever has. A way that allows Rizzotto to view 365 days worth of stereoscopic video through a virtual reality portal in time.

Rizzotto, whos created other amazing projects beforelike the AR chemistry table at bottomrecently posted the above video to YouTube. The time machine was posted only with the simple, relatable phrase, Screw 2020, time to go back. Which is a true enough sentiment, but doesnt hint at the enormous amount of work that went into building the VR time machine.

To create his portal in time, Rizzotto wore Snap SpectaclesSnapchat glasses that record high-resolution stereoscopic 3D videofor a full year, while traveling the globe. Along with recording a years worth of video, a task that required a small mountain of hard drives, Rizzotto also developed the software that would allow him to navigate it. Which, for about three months, seemed like it was going to be an impossible task thanks to an apparent loss of metadata.

Lucas Builds the Future

Its really hard to describe the feeling you get, reliving your own past, Rizzotto says in the video as he navigates his memories. He adds that You dont just see the memory portal, you see everything around it, like the rush of memories you get when you smell food you used to eat as a child.

Perhaps the most intriguing, and haunting, feeling Rizzotto describes in the video is that of feeling like his own ghost, watching [himself] wandering through life with no idea of what [is] going to happen next. Which is unfortunate, because we really want to know what project Rizzotto is working on now.

Feature image: Lucas Builds the Future

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Virtual Reality Time Machine Made with 365 Days of Video - Nerdist

AppliedVR study highlights how Virtual Reality therapy is an effective tool for treating chronic pain – Auganix

In Virtual Reality News

July 13, 2020 AppliedVR, a provider of virtual reality (VR) therapeutics, has recently announced results from the first randomized controlled trial, evaluating VR-based therapy for self-management of chronic pain at home.

The study was conducted by departments from Stanford University School of Medicine and the University of Houston, along with the L.A. Pain & Wellness Institute, as well as AppliedVR, and was published in JMIR-FR. It found that a self-administered, skills-based VR treatment program was not only a feasible and scalable way to treat chronic pain, but was also effective at improving on multiple chronic pain outcomes.

According to AppliedVR, with the COVID-19 pandemic disrupting Americans ability to seek care in clinical settings safely, demand for home-based virtual care has increased, forcing providers, insurers and policymakers to expand access to digital medicine. The study sought to demonstrate the feasibility and efficacy of people using the AppliedVR program at home on themselves to manage their chronic pain. The study conducted by the team compared VR to the same treatment delivered in an audio-only format, and found that VR was superior at delivering on desired outcomes.

AppliedVR stated that the study analyzed data from 74 people who suffer from chronic lower-back or fibromyalgia pain over a 21-day period and showed that participants using AppliedVRs EaseVR program significantly reduced five key pain indicators each of which met or exceeded the 30-percent threshold for clinically meaningful. On average, participants noted that:

People with chronic pain often have limited access to comprehensive pain care that includes skills-based behavioral medicine. We tested whether VR that was self-administered at home would be an effective therapy for chronic pain, said Dr. Beth Darnall, AppliedVRs Chief Science Advisor, who co-authored the study. We found high engagement and satisfaction, combined with clinically significant reductions in pain and low levels of adverse effects, support the feasibility and acceptability for at-home, skills-based VR for chronic pain.

AppliedVRs EaseVR program helps patients learn self-management skills and provides them with biofeedback and mindfulness strategies. The program was designed by AppliedVR, in partnership with pain experts and researchers, to improve self-regulation of cognitive, emotional and physiological responses to stress and pain.

The US CDC reported that 20 percent of US adults suffer from chronic pain, with 8 percent experiencing high-impact chronic pain. This ultimately increases costs for healthcare providers, as pain is often treated with pharmacological interventions, including opioids, which can be costly over a lifetime and have short- and long-term side effects. As a result, providers are turning to digital medicine as a solution that supports patient treatment.

This study is a fundamental step for advancing a clinically proven, noninvasive and safe digital therapeutic like VR for chronic pain, and demonstrates our platform is both viable and efficacious, said Josh Sackman, co-founder and President of AppliedVR. Living with and managing chronic pain daily can be a debilitating and costly challenge, and many patients suffering from it can feel hopeless and desperate for any relief. So, as we engage in and accelerate more in-depth clinical research, we want them to know that were committed to making VR a reimbursable standard of care for pain.

AppliedVR states that it has applied the studys results to expand its program to eight weeks, which will be tested later this year in additional trials. Furthermore, the company added that it is advancing two clinical trials with Geisinger and Cleveland Clinic to study VR as an opioid-sparing tool for acute and chronic pain specifically the companys RelieVRx and EaseVRx platforms. The National Institute on Drug Abuse (NIDA), part of the National Institutes of Health (NIH), recently awarded USD $2.9 million grants to fund the trials.

Image credit: AppliedVR

About the author

Sam Sprigg

Sam is the Founder and Managing Editor of Auganix. With a background in research and report writing, he covers news articles on both the AR and VR industries. He also has an interest in human augmentation technology as a whole, and does not just limit his learning specifically to the visual experience side of things.

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AppliedVR study highlights how Virtual Reality therapy is an effective tool for treating chronic pain - Auganix

Healthcare Augmented and Virtual Reality Market End-use Sectors Analysis 2019-2025 – Cole of Duty

The latest report on the Healthcare Augmented and Virtual Reality market provides an in-depth analysis of the various parameters that are likely to define the course of the market in the upcoming years. The current trends that are expected to influence the future prospects of the Healthcare Augmented and Virtual Reality market are analyzed in the report. Further, a quantitative and qualitative assessment of the various segments of the Healthcare Augmented and Virtual Reality market is included in the report along with relevant tables, figures, and graphs.

The report reveals that the Healthcare Augmented and Virtual Reality market is expected to witness a CAGR growth of ~XX% over the forecast period (2019-2029) and reach a value of ~US$ XX towards the end of 2019. The regulatory framework, R&D activities, and technological advances relevant to the Healthcare Augmented and Virtual Reality market are discussed in the report.

Get PDF Sample Copy of this Report to understand the structure of the complete report: (Including Full TOC, List of Tables & Figures, Chart) @ https://www.marketresearchhub.com/enquiry.php?type=S&repid=2700604&source=atm

The market is bifurcated into different segments to provide a granular analysis of the Healthcare Augmented and Virtual Reality market. The market is segmented on the basis of application, end-user, region, and more.

segment by Type, the product can be split intoHardwareSoftware and ServiceMarket segment by Application, split intoSurgical ApplicationRehabilitationTraining & Medical Education

Market segment by Regions/Countries, this report coversNorth AmericaEuropeChinaJapanSoutheast AsiaIndiaCentral & South America

The study objectives of this report are:To analyze global Healthcare Augmented and Virtual Reality status, future forecast, growth opportunity, key market and key players.To present the Healthcare Augmented and Virtual Reality development in North America, Europe, China, Japan, Southeast Asia, India and Central & South America.To strategically profile the key players and comprehensively analyze their development plan and strategies.To define, describe and forecast the market by type, market and key regions.

In this study, the years considered to estimate the market size of Healthcare Augmented and Virtual Reality are as follows:History Year: 2015-2019Base Year: 2019Estimated Year: 2020Forecast Year 2020 to 2026For the data information by region, company, type and application, 2019 is considered as the base year. Whenever data information was unavailable for the base year, the prior year has been considered.

The market share, size, and forecasted CAGR growth of each Healthcare Augmented and Virtual Reality market segment and sub-segment are included in the report.

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Important Doubts Related to the Healthcare Augmented and Virtual Reality Market Addressed in the Report:

Knowledgeable Insights Enclosed in the Report

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Healthcare Augmented and Virtual Reality Market End-use Sectors Analysis 2019-2025 - Cole of Duty

Healthcare Augmented and Virtual Reality Market Breaking new grounds and touch new level in Upcoming Year by CAE, Immersivetouch, Mentice, Mimic…

Healthcare Augmented and Virtual Reality Market research is an intelligence report with meticulous efforts undertaken to study the right and valuable information. The data which has been looked upon is done considering both, the existing top players and the upcoming competitors. Business strategies of the key players and the new entering market industries are studied in detail. Well explained SWOT analysis, revenue share and contact information are shared in this report analysis.

Healthcare Augmented and Virtual Reality Market is growing at a High CAGR during the forecast period 2020-2026. The increasing interest of the individuals in this industry is that the major reason for the expansion of this market.

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Top Key Players Profiled in This Report:

CAE, Immersivetouch, Mentice, Mimic Technologies, Simbionix, Surgical Theather, Virtamed, VR Simulators, Zspace

The key questions answered in this report:

Various factors are responsible for the markets growth trajectory, which are studied at length in the report. In addition, the report lists down the restraints that are posing threat to the global Healthcare Augmented and Virtual Reality market. It also gauges the bargaining power of suppliers and buyers, threat from new entrants and product substitute, and the degree of competition prevailing in the market. The influence of the latest government guidelines is also analyzed in detail in the report. It studies the Healthcare Augmented and Virtual Reality markets trajectory between forecast periods.

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Table of Contents:

Global Healthcare Augmented and Virtual Reality Market Research Report

Chapter 1 Healthcare Augmented and Virtual Reality Market Overview

Chapter 2 Global Economic Impact on Industry

Chapter 3 Global Market Competition by Manufacturers

Chapter 4 Global Production, Revenue (Value) by Region

Chapter 5 Global Supply (Production), Consumption, Export, Import by Regions

Chapter 6 Global Production, Revenue (Value), Price Trend by Type

Chapter 7 Global Market Analysis by Application

Chapter 8 Manufacturing Cost Analysis

Chapter 9 Industrial Chain, Sourcing Strategy and Downstream Buyers

Chapter 10 Marketing Strategy Analysis, Distributors/Traders

Chapter 11 Market Effect Factors Analysis

Chapter 12 Global Healthcare Augmented and Virtual Reality Market Forecast

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Healthcare Augmented and Virtual Reality Market Breaking new grounds and touch new level in Upcoming Year by CAE, Immersivetouch, Mentice, Mimic...

These seniors are turning to cutting edge technology to stay connected during the pandemic – CNN

The ground moved quickly beneath him while he soared faster and faster through the sky.

When it came time to land some 10 minutes later, Merrill removed the virtual reality headset from his head, blinked, and he was back in his assisted living facility in Hockessin, Delaware.

Merrill is a resident at The Summit, where he can spend some of his time reliving the 1950s when he was a pilot in the Air Force, through virtual reality technology.

In the midst of a pandemic, with limits on in-person family visits and strict social distancing guidelines, some residents at assisted living homes are turning to new ways to interact with the world around them.

Through virtual reality and interactive gaming, older Americans are learning to stay connected and thrive during the pandemic.

Virtual reality is making its way into assisted living communities across the county to allow residents to explore the world without leaving their rooms.

Merrill, who had never used virtual reality technology before this year, said he's enjoyed "flying" during the pandemic. "It's a wonderful machine for living somewhere else when you know you're stuck here," Merrill said.

"When I'm in the machine, I'm in another world, a world in which I'm very familiar with," Merrill said.

Tuck Wilson, a resident at The Virginian in Fairfax, Virginia, also used the virtual reality program to relive old memories such as traveling across Europe, while visiting new places she never had the chance to see.

"I was like a child with a new toy," Wilson said. "I was utterly fascinated."

Some of the virtual reality programs include traveling, attending concerts and more. One of the more unique programs that's offered is simply being surrounded by a litter of puppies.

"One dog started toward my legs, and I just automatically drew back, so that shows you how into virtual reality I was," Wilson said.

Both Merrill and Wilson used virtual programs sold by MyndVR, a virtual reality company that caters specifically to older adults with the goal of making them feel less isolated.

In addition to using VR to escape the world around them, MyndVR technology also motivates older adults to interact more with other residents, according to Wilhelima Saluto, the creative arts specialist at Upper East Side Rehabilitation and Nursing Center in Manhattan.

"After their experience with it, they tend to socialize with the other people because they're excited and [want to] share it with other people," Saluto said.

Much of the programming is intentionally designed to create a flood of memories for residents who may have forgotten certain parts of their life, according to MyndVR Co-founder and CEO Chris Brickler.

"They might have a mild cognitive impairment or even later forms of dementia," Brickler said. "That becomes a really special exercise and people come out talking, expressing opinions."

Some older Americans are also turning to interactive gaming programs like Restore Skills to stay connected. The program allows seniors to play games such as bingo and slot machines while improving their physical, cognitive and social skills.

Steven Landsman, a resident at The Jewish Home in Freehold, New Jersey, uses the program about once a week. One of his favorite games is the slot machine, where he practices moving his arms up and down to virtually play the game.

"It helps me relax myself and get really strong," Landsman said.

A unique feature of the program is built-in video calling so families can see their loved ones playing games. Landsman said he recently played the slot machine game while using the video calling feature to connect with family.

"I just saw my sister on there," Landsman said "She's home with the kids. She cheered me on."

Landsman's sister, Linda Landsman, said that she enjoys watching him play and that it helps her stay connected with her brother, especially during the pandemic.

"He was winning the slot machines, and I was cheering him on that he won," Landsman said. "I thought it was great exercise on top of everything."

Currently, family members can use the video call feature to talk and watch the resident play, but they cannot play themselves.

Eran Arden, CEO of Restore Skills, said that by the end of July, the company will be launching the ability for families to play along. He also said the video calling feature was new as of May in response to the pandemic.

"When we realized that's a need that we have to answer, we switched our development plan ... and just focused on adding the video conference ability to the platform," Arden said. "We understand how important it is and how patients and their loved ones need to have the ability to see each other."

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These seniors are turning to cutting edge technology to stay connected during the pandemic - CNN

Virtual 2020 Schuylkill River Sojourn captures the spirit of the actual event – Wilkes-Barre Citizens Voice

Schuylkill River event goes virtual

Each year the Schuylkill River Sojourn would begin in June at Island Park and finish six days later at Boat House Row in Philadelphia. It wont happen that way this year.

The Schuylkill River Greenways National Heritage Area is helping ease the disappointment with the two-night the 2020 Schuylkill River Virtual Sojourn, a virtual reality presentation that will be live streamed Aug. 9 and

Aug. 16 at 7 p.m.

Joining us for both virtual reality showings will be longtime sojourn guide Matt Stan of Bad Adventures, SRG public relations Miica Patterson said. Although different from previous years, the sojourn will be an unforgettable and adventurous journey of the river.

Viewers can expect to experience the 112-mile guided paddle virtually through documentaries with in-depth interviews, riveting footage of the Schuylkill River, a trivia contest, photo contest and more.

Registration is now open and includes both evenings, and each participant receives a commemorative 2020 Sojourn T-shirt for a cost of $29. Go to http://www.schuylkillriver.org for information and registration.

Doyle Dietz, Correspondent

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Virtual 2020 Schuylkill River Sojourn captures the spirit of the actual event - Wilkes-Barre Citizens Voice

Education in the new normality: history classes in virtual reality – Checkersaga

The coronavirus has caused students to lose half a year this 2020, because nobody was prepared to teach online during confinement. Neither the teachers nor the students. We are in summer and we still have no idea what the course will be like from September, although everyone agrees that there will be more remote classes. Video calls can be a solution, but in the medium term they become monotonous and boring. Why not a history class in virtual reality?

HistoryMaker VR is a tool that allows teachers teach history using virtual reality. The advantage of this technology is that the teacher can be embodied in any character and teach from any real or imaginary place. Much more attractive than watching a video with the teachers face for an hour

At the same time, thanks to virtual reality, students are not seeing a screen on their PC or tablet. They immerse themselves in a virtual environment related to the lesson they are learning. Why not give a class on Ancient Rome sitting on the steps of the Colosseum?

As we can see in the video, HistoryMaker VR It is a tool focused on educators. In fact it will be free for them.

The professor can reincarnate as a historical figure (for the time being, belonging to North American history) from Benjamin Franklin to the Indian chief Tecumseh or the Supreme Court judge Sonia Sotomayor, or create an avatar that looks like him.

You can choose the setting, related to the topic of the lesson, and even place objects that you will use during the class. As it is virtual reality it is possible to keep the script or the class chop at a glance, and the students will not see it.

Then record the class using the movement of your own hands and body, which are registered thanks to the movement controls and the sensors of the virtual reality glasses.

Virtual reality viewer with two touch controls that does not require the use of a mobile phone as a screen or a very powerful gaming computer to play virtual reality video games or use compatible applications.

Students can download the class and immerse themselves in the virtual reality environment, observing the teacher in real size, not in a simple video on screen.

The proposal of HistoryMaker VR It seems like a first step, a teaser, because from what we see in the video the classes are given on stage, and they are not in real time, but recorded scenes.

Strolling through the streets of Pompeii, exploring Nefertaris tomb, floating on the International Space Station, or watching a movie on a 350-inch movie screen These are some of the things you can do from your favorite chair, thanks to the magic of virtual reality.

In the future we hope to see real scenarios related to the history lesson, such as walking through the interior of the pyramids of Egypt while the teacher gives his lesson, and that this class is in real time and in group, with teachers and students interacting with each other.

But virtual reality is starting, and you have to go little by little.

HistoryMaker VR It will be released on August 13 on Steam. As we have said it will be free for educators, although anyone can buy it and experiment with the tool.

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Education in the new normality: history classes in virtual reality - Checkersaga

Here Are All the Livestreams & Virtual Concerts to Watch During the Coronavirus Crisis: Week of July 20 – Billboard

As the heatwave continues across the country this week, there are some cool shows to keep you entertained while you spread out on your couch in front of your fans and air conditioner.

With the global coronavirus pandemic still ongoing -- and getting worse in the United States -- artists are continuing to livestream performances from their homes and studios to help rock fans who are staying safe at home. And this week is no exception, with artists from Katy Perry to Nelly offering sets.

Below, see who'll be offering virtual shows for the week of July 20, and find out how to watch them. We'll update this list as more events are announced.

July 20-31:Gracie Abrams kicks off her six-date virtual tour Minor Bedroom Shows on the 20th in support of her debut project,Minor. The intimate performances will -- as the title suggests -- be streamed from her bedroom.Visit her websitefor dates and a chance to win tickets.

July 22: The latest edition of Verzuz will feature Snoop Dogg and DMX. It begins at 8 p.m. ET, and can be watched via Verzuz's Instagram account or on Apple Music.

July 24: Underoath will be performing the entirety of its 2006 album Define the Great Line in its entirety during a livestream concert. The set begins at 8 p.m. ET. Tickets start at $15 for general access streaming, and up to $70 for a package that includes an exclusive T-shirt and the vinyl version of the album. The show is the second of a three-concert set; tickets to access all three shows cost $140.

July 25:Nelly is marking the 20th Anniversary of his diamond-certified debut album,Country Grammar, with a special live performance of the album in its entirety for the first time ever. The show will be broadcast in 360 degree virtual reality across the globe via MelodyVR as part of its ongoing Live from LA series at 6 p.m. PT/9 p.m. ET. It is free to view via the MelodyVR app on smartphones and VR headsets and will be available on-demand on the app immediately following the live broadcast.

July 25-26:Katy Perry headlines Tomorrowland's virtual festival, Tomorrowland Around the World. The EDM event will feature more than 60 artists, including Steve Aoki, David Guetta, and many others.Ticketsstart at $12.50 Euros (about $14 U.S.) for single day, and 20 Euros (about $23 U.S.) for the weekend pass; packages are also available. The event begins at 11 a.m. ET atTomorrowland.com.

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Here Are All the Livestreams & Virtual Concerts to Watch During the Coronavirus Crisis: Week of July 20 - Billboard

Augmented and Virtual Reality Content and Application Market Key Players, Industry Overview, Application and Analysis to 2020-2025 – CueReport

Global Augmented and Virtual Reality Content and Application Market 2020 by Manufacturers, Type and Application, forecast to 2025 is a comprehensive study that delivers market data with characteristics, era, and market chain with analysis and developments and increases. The report offers a prompt point of view on the Augmented and Virtual Reality Content and Application market, explaining the industry supply, marketplace demand, value, competition, and its analysis of key players with industry forecast from 2020 to 2025. It speaks about the market major leading players, market size over the forecast period from 2020 to 2025.

The Augmented and Virtual Reality Content and Application market report offers significant information regarding this business vertical. As per the document, the market is estimated to record considerable growth as well as amass notable gains during the estimated timeframe.

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The study elaborates the major trends of Augmented and Virtual Reality Content and Application market while evaluating the growth opportunities, industry size, volume of sales and revenue predictions. The report also provides a detailed assessment of the various segmentations and their respective impact on the overall market outlook. Moreover, it analyzes the effect of COVID-19 pandemic on the growth rate as well as remuneration generation of the market.

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As per the regional scope of Augmented and Virtual Reality Content and Application market:

Other data specified in the Augmented and Virtual Reality Content and Application market report:

Some of the key questions answered in this report:

What will the Augmented and Virtual Reality Content and Application market growth rate, growth momentum or acceleration market carries during the forecast period?

Which are the key factors driving the Augmented and Virtual Reality Content and Application market?

What was the size of the emerging Augmented and Virtual Reality Content and Application market by value in 2020?

Which region is expected to hold the highest market share in the Augmented and Virtual Reality Content and Application market?

What will be the size of the emerging Augmented and Virtual Reality Content and Application market in 2025?

What trends, challenges and barriers will impact the development and sizing of the Global Augmented and Virtual Reality Content and Application market?

What are sales volume, revenue, and price analysis of top manufacturers of Augmented and Virtual Reality Content and Application market?

What are the Augmented and Virtual Reality Content and Application market opportunities and threats faced by the vendors in the global Augmented and Virtual Reality Content and Application Industry?

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Augmented and Virtual Reality Content and Application Market Key Players, Industry Overview, Application and Analysis to 2020-2025 - CueReport

Virtual Reality Services Market to Witness an Outstanding Growth by 2027 | Top Business Players: ETHOSH, GRAMERCY TECH, HQSoftware, etc. – Owned

Virtual Reality Services Market

Virtual Reality Services Market

A new research report titled, Global Virtual Reality Services Market Size, Status, Forecast 2018-2027 have been added to the huge collection of research reports by ReportsWeb. The report studies the Global Virtual Reality Services Market with respect to the size, status, forecast, competitive landscape, development patterns, and potential growth opportunities of the market. The report classifies the Global Virtual Reality Services Market based on the type, application, end-user, and region.

SWOT Major Players are covered in this reports: Chetu Inc., Credencys Solutions Inc, ETHOSH, GRAMERCY TECH, HQSoftware, MAP Systems, Program-Ace, QUYTECH, The Intellify, Zco Corporation & More.

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The study on the Global Virtual Reality Services Market attempts to offer crucial and in-depth insights into the current market landscape and the developing growth dynamics. The study on Virtual Reality Services Market also provides the market participants and the new market entrants a detailed view of the market scenario. The research will enable the well-established as well as the developing players to launch their business strategies and attain their short-term and long-term goals. The report will help the readers in understanding some of the key market dynamics, which include industry trends, competitive landscape, growth potentials, challenges, and lucrative opportunities.

MARKET SEGMENTATION

The global virtual reality services market is segmented on the basis of service and end user. On the basis of service, the market is segmented up to consulting and training, implementation and integration, and operation and maintenance. On the basis of end user, the market is segmented as consumer, healthcare, aerospace and defense, automotive, education, and others.

Some Of The Major Geographies Included In This Study:

The report consists of an in-depth evaluation of the competitive scenario, Virtual Reality Services market share and sizing, product criterion, product developments, market trends, market patterns, revenue details, and strategic decision making to measure the driving and restraining forces, and potential growth prospects of the market. Besides, the report also incorporates a study of the recent developments in the market such as product launches, agreements, partnerships, M&A, collaborations, among others to comprehend the existing market dynamics and its outcome during the forecast period.

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Scope of the Report:

Almost all the players operating in the Virtual Reality Services market are making efforts to expand their footprint in the market by centering on product diversification and development, subsequently making them procure a major chunk of the market. Along with this, the report focuses on the latest events taking place in the market, which includes the advancements in technological space, product launches, as well as their consequences on the Virtual Reality Services market. The insights covered in this report has been collected from various primary and secondary resources, which has been validated and verified by the industry specialists and professionals, thus providing valuable insights to the researchers, analysts, managers, and other industry decision-makers.

Some major points covered in this Virtual Reality Services Market report:

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Virtual Reality Services Market to Witness an Outstanding Growth by 2027 | Top Business Players: ETHOSH, GRAMERCY TECH, HQSoftware, etc. - Owned

Virtual product tours have positive impact on consumers | WARC – Warc

Marketers for tourist destinations as well as for complex goods and services can gain various benefits from providing 360-degree virtual tours to consumers, according to a study published in the Journal of Advertising Research (JAR).

Nathalie Spielmann (NEOMA Business School, Reims) and Ulrich R. Orth (Christian-Albrechts-Universitt, Kiel) assessed the impact of self-guided, virtual tours when accessed on devices like desktop computers, smartphones and tablets.

And they found that experiencing a variety of tourist destinations made consumers perceive a more genuine effort by the advertiser to be transparent about the experience they were selling.

These 360-degree virtual tours were also regarded as yielding a more authentic interaction by consumers an outcome that, similarly, reduces the inferred manipulative intent of advertisers among users.

Participants in virtual tours, it was noted, also exhibited more favourable responses in terms of intentions and behaviors due to this exposure.

As these results were independent of the device that is used, mood state, or category involvement, they are a robust and reliable means for successfully advertising to consumers, the study said.

These findings drew on three rounds of research in a paper entitled Can advertisers overcome consumer qualms with virtual reality? Increasing operational transparency through self-guided 360-degree tours.

A first research round saw 80 panel members undertake a self-guided panoramic virtual tour of the Museum of Childhood in London, a destination they had never visited before (a constant in all rounds of the research).

Consumers rated their experience in terms of metrics like telepresence (i.e. if they felt as if they were in the venue), authenticity, perceived manipulative intent, and willingness to view an ad or their intent to avoid it.

A second research round involved 136 consumers. Half of them took a self-guided panoramic virtual tour of the Ice Hotel in Quebec, Canada. The other half viewed high-resolution images from the same tour.

Alongside previous variables, the authors assessed the mood state of participants to understand if that had an impact on their response.

In a third round of research, the Son Doong Cave in Vietnam was the chosen vocation. A total of 416 consumers were involved, with half completing a self-guided virtual tour, and half viewing static images.

Two further variables were added to the analysis at this stage, in the form of claustrophobia, as well an individuals style of visual processing.

A resultant insight was that these tours are especially useful for products and services with benefits or functions that are complex or a major investment of time and distance would be required for first-hand experiences, the scholars wrote.

Virtual tours are similarly valuable in cases when consumers may be reluctant actually to commit to a decision, the authors continued, as they bolster authenticity and decrease perceptions of manipulation.

Sourced from Journal of Advertising Research; additional content by WARC staff

Excerpt from:

Virtual product tours have positive impact on consumers | WARC - Warc

Cab driver who splashed 6k on gadgets for ‘Virtual Taxi’ hopes to bring plush vehicle to Scotland – Daily Record

A taxi driver who pimped his ride with 6k worth of gadgets is hoping for a fare to Scotland to test out his new wheels.

Mark Bates spared no expense when he installed an HD 17 inch TV, free wifi, Netflix, Amazon Prime, Disney+ and even a virtual reality headset in his taxi.

The 55-year-old, from Swindon, Wiltshire, wanted to have the slickest ride in town when he started his new business after a strange dream inspired him.

He said: "I'm a taxi driver who's up for driving anywhere, if someone said I need a ride to Scotland I'd say let's rock and roll."

"I really enjoy my job, and about 18 months ago after a strange dream it just dawned on me that 'The Virtual Taxi' was a business venture which I wanted to pursue and make a success of.

"There has been some hiccups along the way like there is in any new start up business.

"I've destroyed three separate PlayStation consoles by using the wrong inverter which was frustrating, but we got there in the end.

"I really feel like I have one wheel off the ground now and this thing is starting to take off. I couldn't be happier and can't wait to expand the business further."

He first installed a TV in his 38,000 car in January 2019, and has added more gadgets ever since.

Mark, who has been driving taxis for 21 years, plans to buy and renovate more vehicles, to create a fleet of luxury taxis.

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Cab driver who splashed 6k on gadgets for 'Virtual Taxi' hopes to bring plush vehicle to Scotland - Daily Record

Master & Commander 2? Why The Sequel Never Happened | Screen Rant – Screen Rant

Master and Commander was an Oscar-nominated, critically acclaimed epic starring Russell Crowe, but it never spawned a franchise here's why.

Master and Commander 2 never happened, and there are a few reasons why the franchise Master and Commander: The Far Side of the World was intended to launch didn't materialize. Directed by Peter Weir and starring Russell Crowe, Master and Commanderis a 2003 movie based on Patrick O'Brian's Aubrey-Maturin novels about Captain Jack Aubrey, the commander of the HMS Surprise, who sailed for the Royal Navy during the Napoleonic Wars.

Master and Commander combined elements from several of O'Brian's novels, but the basic story was adapted from The Far Side of the World. Set in 1805, Captain Jack Aubrey is tasked with battling a French privateer, the Acheron, to prevent Napoleon's navy from gaining control of the Pacific. Aubrey's closest friend on his ship containing 197 souls is Stephen Maturin (Paul Bettany), the ship's surgeon. Despite Aubrey's skills as a seaman, the Acheron continually outsails and outfights him. As the situation worsens for the Surprise, Aubrey continues to chase his enemy across the oceans, and Maturin forces the Captain to confront the possibility that his own ego is placing his ship and his crew in danger. To achieve its impressive verisimilitude, Master and Commander shot for several months on an authentically-created set in a water tank soundstage, with an additional 10-days of filming on the high seas on a budget of $150-million.

Related: How Gladiator 2 Can Bring Back Russell Crowe's Maximus

Despite its critical acclaim and 10 Academy Award nominations, including Best Picture and Best Director for Peter Weir, Master and Commander only grossed $212-million worldwide. The historical epic also lost out to Lord of the Rings: The Return of the King at the Oscars. Even though Russell Crowe was at the height of his movie stardom after Gladiator in 2000, Master and Commander didn't dominate the box office as 20th Century Fox's head Tom Rothman, who championed the expensive prestige picture, had hoped. Since the film was not profitable, the sequel that the filmmakerswanted weren't greenlit and 17 years later, there are still no plans for Master and Commander 2, despite Crowe hinting in 2017 that he heard "whispers" that the sequel could finally happen.

One of the reasons Master and Commander underperformed is that the year when it was released saw audiences' tastes transitioning to fantasy and superhero movies. Spider-Manset records the year before and X2: X-Men United was a blockbuster just months before Master and Commander bowed in November 2003. Pirates of the Caribbean: The Curse of the Black Pearl was also a monster hit in the summer of 2003, and Johnny Depp's inaugural pirate fantasy contained all of the escapism that audiences were looking for and it indeed spawned a Pirates franchise.

By comparison, Master and Commander was decidedly aimed at adults and mature audiences, but it arrived at a time when the sweeping historical epic was rapidly going out of fashion as a favored Hollywood genre. Similarly, Wolfgang Peterson's Troy failed in the summer of 2004. Even though Russell Crowe's Gladiator, which was released just 3 years before Master and Commander,was a box officehit that racked up critical acclaim and Oscars, audiences tastes changed almost overnight in the decade of the 2000s. Indeed, the dominant movies at the box office are Marvel's superhero movies and Disney live-action remakes, which appeal to all audiences, leaving little chance a film like Master and C0mmander could become a blockbuster in the current marketplace.

Weir saw the writing on the wall back in 2005 when he said that that Master and Commander 2 was "most unlikely" because "it did well...ishat the box office, [but] it didn't generate that monstrous, rapid income that provokes a sequel." The fact Master and Commander's biggest supporter at Fox, Tom Rothman, is out of the picture entirely, on top of Disney buying 20th Century Fox in 2019, now completely sinks the chances of Russell Crowe getting to play Captain Jack Aubrey again in Master and Commander 2.

Next: Disney's TWO New Pirates of the Caribbean 6 Movies Explained

Godzilla vs Kong: Why The Titans Are All Heading To Skull Island

John has been writing about what he likes - movies, TV, comics, etc. - for over a decade. He's worked in movies and rubbed shoulders with big names but somehow forgot to ask for money a lot of the time - hence, he is happy to be with Screen Rant. John can be found @BackoftheHead, counts a Black Canary and an Agent of S.H.I.E.L.D. among his friends, believes (correctly) that Superman is stronger than the Hulk, and he is a friend to all talking gorillas.

Excerpt from:

Master & Commander 2? Why The Sequel Never Happened | Screen Rant - Screen Rant

Column One: At age 60 and paralyzed, she tried to row across the Pacific – Los Angeles Times

The forecast looked ominous, a tropical storm brewing over the Pacific Ocean, threatening strong winds and high seas. That meant trouble for Angela Madsen as she sat in a small boat, hundreds of miles from land.

For weeks she had been rowing across open water, pulling for hours at a time, squeezing into a cramped aft cabin to rest, then starting over again. The fatigue could be numbing, interrupted by pain from sores on salt-crusted skin.

This quest of hers, to row from California to Hawaii alone, brought both frustration and joy, setbacks mitigated by small victories.

Ive been able to nudge my way north a bit, she texted at one point. Sooo happy about that.

A solo ocean crossing was audacious for anyone to try; it bordered on madness for a 60-year-old grandmother paralyzed from the waist down.

People had tried to dissuade Madsen, but only a little because they believed she could make it. This was a woman who lost the use of her legs in her mid-30s, winding up homeless for a time and suicidal. She fought back to become an elite athlete, qualifying for three Paralympics in rowing and track and field.

Angela Madsen at the 2015 Parapan American Games in Toronto.

(Joe Kusumoto / USOPC)

A pretty fierce competitor, U.S. coach Erica Wheeler said. It was just her get-it-done mentality.

Big and strong, with a broad grin framed by curls of graying hair, Madsen focused on long-distance rowing later in life. She crossed the Atlantic and Indian oceans in pairs and small crews, a warmup for this 2,500-mile attempt to reach Honolulu.

Her 20-foot fiberglass boat, with snarling teeth painted on the bow, had fore and aft cabins and an open space in the middle where she could work the oars. It had all the latest marine technology. But as Madsen reached the halfway point on her route, there was a problem.

A shackle had broken loose on a parachute-like device that deployed below the surface to keep the boat steady in emergencies. The only way to make a fix was from the water. Going over the side would be dicey, but Madsen worried more about the approaching storm.

On Saturday, June 20, she posted on social media: Tomorrow is a swim day.

::

Angela Madsen on her boat.

(Courtesy of Deb Madsen)

The trip began from Marina del Rey in late April and quickly hit rough weather that nearly capsized the boat. Madsen texted: Stormy and ocean is boiling cant keep oars in water constantly splashed.

Even when conditions mellowed, the swell ran as high as eight feet with winds at 10 to 20 knots. Pretty typical, said Christopher Landsea of the National Hurricane Center. At some point, Madsens electronic gear warned of more bad weather looming to the south; it could not have predicted Tropical Storm Boris would shift direction, staying below her position.

Repairing the parachute anchor must have seemed prudent to someone who liked to keep her vessel, the Row of Life, shipshape. Madsen once told her wife, Deb Madsen, about surviving at sea: You just have to prepare.

Resiliency had always been essential for a woman who grew up around lots of brothers in a military family in Ohio. There were occasional tussles and, always, sports. Madsen sprouted to 6 feet 1 by high school, the tallest player on the volleyball team, a hitter who could block at the net.

Any hopes of playing in college evaporated when, at 17, she gave birth to a daughter, Jennifer. After graduating in 1978, Madsen waited a year for her younger brother to finish high school so they could enlist together.

The Marine Corps trained her for military police duty and dispatched her to El Toro, where she could keep Jennifer in family housing. It seemed like just the right place, with a womens basketball team on base and a beach nearby; Madsen fell in love with surfing.

But life grew complicated when she realized she was gay. The military was years away from dont ask, dont tell back then and, as she later wrote, everyone was so fearful and afraid of being outed.

Angela Madsen and family at Disneyland.

(Courtesy of Deb Madsen)

Things got worse when a hard fall during a basketball game ruptured one disk discs in her back. The injury led to a discharge in 1981 and years of chronic pain as she settled in Southern California, working as a computer-aided drafter. In 1993, she sought treatment at a Veterans Administration hospital in Long Beach.

One surgery led to another, leaving her with a pierced spinal column and partial paralysis that she blamed on doctors. Returning home in a wheelchair, Madsen faced growing tensions with her daughter and an ugly breakup with her girlfriend at the time.

Unable to manage on a slim military pension, she landed on the streets, sleeping beside a bus stop near Disneyland. In a 2014 autobiography, Rowing Against the Wind, she wrote that life has been hard to believe at times and seems like a made-for-TV movie. Victim mentality took hold, threatening to drag her under.

It was easy to give up and give in to despair, she wrote. The only things I could count were my losses, not my blessings.

::

In addition to a transponder, solar panels, an emergency beacon and a desalinator for making fresh water, the Row of Life had a satellite telephone. Never much of a phone talker, Madsen tended to communicate by text and social media.

Horizontal break over, she wrote after a nap. Popping Tylenol and getting back at it.

Angela Madsens boat surrounded by family members.

(Courtesy of Deb Madsen)

On Sunday, June 21, Deb began to wonder about the lack of updates on the anchor repair. From home in Long Beach, she could track Madsens progress on her smartphone the boat usually moved two or three knots an hour while being rowed but now drifted with the current.

That evening, she called Soraya Simi, a filmmaker who had spent a year documenting the crossing. Deb told her: You know, Im worried. Im not sure I should be.

Maybe the day started late and Madsen was still in the water, wrestling with the shackle. Maybe the work had been exhausting and she was asleep. I knew this was dangerous, but I wasnt worried she couldnt fix it, Deb said. She had a MacGyver brain she could fix anything.

Still, Deb and Simi decided to check with the Coast Guard, which referred their call to a Honolulu base.

Column One

Column One

A showcase for compelling storytelling from the Los Angeles Times.

The Fourteenth District patrols more than 14 million square miles of Pacific Ocean, a territory that stretches seven hours by cutter. Commercial freighters and fishing boats often volunteer to help in a pinch.

It really is a joint effort out here when something happens, Petty Officer 3rd Class Matthew West said. Theres so much ocean to cover.

As darkness fell on Sunday, it was too late to begin a search; that would have to wait until morning. Deb ran through the possibilities in her head.

If there were 150 different scenarios, I had thought of them all, she said. I had plans for rescue, plans for everything.

::

Her once-fit body had swelled to 350 pounds. A year after the surgeries, Madsen was still in pain, still in denial about living in a wheelchair.

When doctors offered a bleak prognosis, her despair turned to anger, which might have been the best thing. As she told CNN in 2012, sometimes when you get pissed, you get motivated.

Seeking help from a veterans group, Madsen arranged for temporary housing and got another boost from oddly enough another setback.

On a visit to San Francisco in 1994, she wheeled through an underground train station and hit a crack in the pavement, tumbling out of her chair, landing head-first on the tracks below. As bystanders pulled her to safety, there was no feeling in any part of her body. Over the next half-hour, as movement returned to her arms and hands, she recalled: I started being thankful for what I had.

In her book, she put it another way: If you dont paddle your own canoe, you dont move. You row or die!

A trip to the 1995 National Veterans Wheelchair Games drew her back to basketball. A few years later, someone invited her to an adaptive rowing clinic where she strapped into a specially equipped scull and, given her affinity for the water, was hooked.

Devilish training led to local races, then larger competitions. A bout with cancer and a double mastectomy barely interrupted her progress as she won gold at the 2000 national championships, followed by a string of world championships.

Angela Madsen at the 2016 U.S. Paralympic Team Trials in Charlotte, N.C.

(Joe Kusumoto / USOPC)

Angela was a really special person in the Paralympic world, said Cathy Sellers, a former U.S. Paralympic executive. She always went whole hog.

Life was changing for the better in other ways.

By 2007, Madsen had founded a nonprofit organization to teach rowing to kids with disabilities. Up in Kern County, Deb was working for child protective services and had a difficult case, a boy who used a wheelchair and refused to get out of bed. She wondered if rowing might inspire him, but needed to know more about Madsens program.

I wanted to spy on her, so I went down there and watched how she was with kids, Deb recalled. Angela says I was stalking her.

Not only was rowing a good fit for the boy, it sparked an attraction between the women. Madsen tried to resist, too busy for a relationship, but soon relented. Deb said: She gave me a ring. She told me, lets get married and not even date.

Angela and Deb Madsen

(Courtesy of Deb Madsen)

There was still a cantankerous side to her personality, carping at VA staff and fighting with her daughter. But she also helped that same VA staff at volunteer events and counseled younger teammates as the self-appointed Grandma on the national team.

In the water, her upper-body strength translated into a seventh-place finish in mixed sculls at the 2008 Beijing Paralympics, which caught the attention of U.S. track coaches. They invited her to an Olympic training center in Chula Vista to try throwing; the other athletes marveled that a 50-ish woman could push herself so hard, day after day, goading them to suck it up, were going to keep working.

Angela brought life to the track, said Liz Willis, an amputee sprinter who roomed with her at camp. She was larger than life.

Angela Madsen at the 2016 U.S. Paralympic Team Trials in Charlotte, N.C.

(Joe Kusumoto / USOPC)

Over the next eight years, Madsen won bronze in the shotput at the 2012 London Paralympics and finished in the top 10 in the shotput and javelin at the 2016 Paralympics in Rio de Janeiro. Age eventually caught up with her, in terms of elite competition, but that did not matter. The sea was calling.

::

Hopes began to fade on Monday, June 22, replaced by a frightful notion. Deb imagined the Row of Life bobbing aimlessly and her wife nearby, motionless in the water.

I really got a sick feeling in my chest, she said. There was something wrong.

That morning, the Coast Guard checked flight logs and noticed that a military transport plane was crossing the Pacific on a scheduled hop from California to Honolulu. A call went out for help.

The C-17, with its massive fuselage and wingspan, figured to reach Madsens location in about four hours but ran into headwinds, making the trip longer as Deb waited for word. Eventually, it found the boat in all that ocean.

Just as Deb had feared, Madsen lay in the water, still attached to the tether she would have used while attempting the repair. As the jet flew low enough for its engines to be heard, crew members radioed Honolulu with a report: Madsen did not respond to their presence.

The Coast Guard had already identified the Polynesia, a German-flagged container ship, to the north, bearing cargo from Oakland to Tahiti. The captain agreed to alter course.

::

Her love of the water was partly physical.

The rigor of scrambling over endless swells, one after another, somehow appealed to her. So did the adrenaline rush of battling squalls and inching across moonless nights when an unseen wave might strike at any moment, sweeping her overboard.

A combination of two sports, she wrote. Rowing and bull riding like trying to do everything including eating, sleeping and rowing while riding a bull.

Even the small hardships freeze-dried food gulped down with a splash of Tabasco, a bucket that served as a bathroom she wore like a badge of honor. Went for pain cream last night and grabbed 5200 marine caulk and sealant almost a big oops, she posted in May.

Long past the thinner days of her youth, Madsen delighted in showing that a big woman could be athletic. But there was another motivation, something harder to describe.

The ocean transported her to a place where, she wrote, some days would just never end and time would overrun itself. If the wind and current ran her way, she could let the boat cruise, watching for sea life. On the Hawaii trip, she texted that two little wahoo swim by the oars and play in the swirls.

Angela Madsen

(Courtesy of Deb Madsen)

The sky above stretched as deep and wide as the horizon so you couldnt help but notice the shades of pink, yellow and blue slowly but intensely transform to orange, purple, crimson and gold, she wrote. There were many days when the sun looked like a huge red ball just hovering out there.

In 2008, Madsen completed her first major voyage with a male amputee partner, the pair rowing 2,552 miles from the Canary Islands to Antigua. Later, she joined small crews that crossed the Indian Ocean and circumnavigated Great Britain. She and another woman made a duo trip from California to Hawaii.

Through all of this, Deb felt mixed emotions. She was always supportive, showing up at track and field practice with a van full of snacks and drinks, and accepting the credit card bills that piled up with each ocean crossing. But she also worried.

Every single time, Angela told me it would be her last [crossing], Deb said. Every time, there was an excuse to do one more.

Madsen made her first solo attempt at the Pacific in 2013. When gale force winds rose suddenly off the California coast, a freighter tried to rescue her but accidentally sucked the Row of Life up and spit it out the back, with Madsen clinging for life inside one of the watertight compartments. A Coast Guard helicopter eventually lifted her to safety.

After that, Deb said, I tried really hard to get her to stop.

::

The Polynesia arrived on site at 6:25 p.m. that Monday, according to Coast Guard records. Crew members pulled Madsens body from the sea, cutting the tether, leaving the Row of Life to drift away. Official notification reached Deb as she formulated theories.

It could have been a heart attack that killed her wife. The tether might have tangled, leaving no slack to climb back aboard. Or Madsen might have succumbed to hypothermia.

She doesnt have any feeling in her legs, Deb said. She wouldnt realize how cold she was.

Several days later, the death had yet to hit home; Deb was too busy with logistics. Madsen had once mentioned a burial at sea You talk about these things because you know its dangerous, Deb said but the ships crew could not perform this service.

Angela Madsen on her boat from the first couple days when she had cell phone service.

(Courtesy of Deb Madsen)

Coronavirus travel restrictions presented another challenge. There was no way to fly to Tahiti to meet the Polynesia and even transporting the body back to the U.S. would be tricky. Madsens grandchildren her daughter died last year wanted a funeral back home, but Deb did not see the use.

I love her but Im not that sentimental about body stuff, she said. I dont think shes still in her body.

Something else seemed more important.

Originally posted here:

Column One: At age 60 and paralyzed, she tried to row across the Pacific - Los Angeles Times

Buildings partially collapse after another night of raging seas on the NSW Central Coast – ABC News

Two properties have partially collapsed after heavy erosion at Wamberal on the NSW Central Coast.

Residents of Wamberal are surveying the damage after another night of wild seas.

Both buildings damaged overnight are understood to include holiday homes of Sydney residents.

The owner of a unit in one of the damaged blocks has had the property for eight years.

Her unit is on a floor above the collapsed ground floor corner.

Neighbours informed her of the damage this morning and she is understood to have been distraught.

Fire and Rescue have since cordoned off the homes and residents were being forcibly evacuated on Saturday.

A third property, home to the Cahill family, has suffered significant structural damage over the recent days of heavy surf.

The balcony collapsed on Thursday late afternoon during the high tide.

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Matilda Cahill, 18, has lived at the house since she was 10 months old.

She and her father, Gordon, are packing their bags to leave the family home on Saturday afternoon.

"They're forcing everyone on the street to evacuate," she said.

"There will be no power, no water they're turning it all off we dont have a house to go to but we've got to go," she said.

"It's a bit scary but insurance is there for a reason, I guess."

Many residents lost metres of grass overnight, while others have seen their balconies topple more than 10 metres down cliffs into the sea below.

Engineers continue to assess properties ahead of the next high tide at 7:00pm tonight.

Last night police advised residents to leave, with most heeding the warning.

Residents claim they have long been attempting to build structures to protect properties but have been blocked by the Central Coast Council.

The powerful surf conditions were caused by a low pressure system that moved in this week, but which fell short of being declared an east coast low.

In response to the dangerous system, the Bureau of Meteorology issued a hazardous surf warning for the NSW coast.

The warning remains in place on Saturday for Byron Coast, Coffs Coast, Macquarie Coast, Hunter Coast, Sydney Coast, Illawarra Coast, Batemans Coast and Eden Coast.

"Surf and swell conditions are expected to be hazardous for coastal activities such as rock fishing, boating and swimming," the BOM warned.

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Buildings partially collapse after another night of raging seas on the NSW Central Coast - ABC News

S.A. Chakraborty Tells Us the Best Writing Advice She Ever Got in Reddit AMA – tor.com

Photo by: Melissa C. Beckman

S.A. Chakraborty is the Locus Award, World Fantasy Award, British Fantasy Award, Crawford Award, and Astounding Award-nominated author of The Daevabad Trilogy, which she describes as an epic fantasy inspired by the folklore and history of the medieval Islamic world that I dreamed up while working in a medical office and finished ten years later during a pandemic. Beginning with The City of Brassand followed by The Kingdom of Copper, the trilogy is now complete with The Empire of Gold, released in June.

For her next project, the writer is taking on a historical fantasy trilogy about an adventure heist thats a bit like Pirates of the Caribbean meets Oceans 11, set in the 13th century Indian Ocean, featuring ex-Crusaders and pirate mothers. (More details here.) A week after her AMA with r/Books (which we highly recommend for those interested in craft), Chakraborty dropped by r/Fantasy for another AMA, where she talked about post-trilogy-completing feelings, writing advice, historical medical procedures, a mythological tree that bears human fruit (!), a very cocky medieval guide to con artistry, parents (ranked), love, stealing a horse on the high seas, and much, much more. Here are the (spoiler-free) highlights!

[Editors note:Questions and responses may have been edited for length and clarity.]

How does it feel to wrap up The Daevabad Trilogy?

I am very, very tired. Haha, no honestly, my emotions have been all over the place. Ive been working on the Daevabad Trilogy for over a decade, nearly my entire adult life, and these fictional characters have been living in my brain through job changes and relocations, marriage and parenthood. Its hard to let them go! But for however sad and wistful Ive been, I mostly feel very, very satisfied. Writing these books put me through the wringer, but Im incredibly proud of the conclusionand more than that, I feel honored to see their reception among readers. People send me fan art! Theres fanfiction! Do you know how freaking cool that is a creator to see?? Its just been an awesome experience.

Can you rank the parents of The Daevabad Trilogy for us?

I feel like theres a spoiler version of this question but Ill resist!

From best to worst:

The Sens

MYSTERY

Hatset

Seif

MYSTERY

Daras parents

Kaveh

Manizheh and Ghassan, Ghassan and Manizheh.you know what, Im very barely putting Manizheh before Ghassan. Hes still the worst.

I think Nahri would make a good mom. Im sure shed be super anxious about it, but shes been through enough horrible things and fought for her own ambitions that I can see her being very understanding, supportive, and fiercely protective.

Lets talk about love! What made you decide to take Nahris romantic arc where you did? (Editors note: This answer is spoiler-free, but you can find the full, spoiler-filled version here.)

Ah, but the romance. With the Daevabad Trilogy, I really wanted to center the romance from Nahris point of view and explore the different ways love, attraction, and passion might weave in and out of her life throughout a period of years. And I wanted it to feel as real, nuanced and messy as love often does in real life. What is it like to have her first crush? To learn how to trust? To be betrayed? To have to navigate a political marriage? How would all this work in terms of her own agency and desire rather than prioritizing the feelings of male characters? And I wanted the story to reflect how Nahriherselffelt about love: that it could be a sentiment not to be trusted, a distraction. That in the end, there were other things she desired just as much, if not more.

Non-spoiler thoughts on romance since I have a spot to put them: I am not unaware this topic has roused some passionate debate among readers! Frankly, Im content to have written the canon and let readers find joy in shipping whoever they want. Its an adult book and were in the middle of a pandemic, steal your happiness where you can find it. But I hope people can do so without tearing into each other. Fictional men (heck, many real ones) arent worth that much negative energy.

How did you approach writing the trilogys complex medical characters and scenes?

I knew I wanted to make my main character a healer, but I also wanted to get it right (I was working in an ob/gyn clinic at the time and watching my own spouse go through medical school and a grueling residency). I wanted to play with some historical techniques and procedures such as the theory of humors, cupping, and trepanation. But more than that, I wanted it all to feel real. I wanted Nahris training to be as grueling and time-consuming as a modern medical student. I wanted some of her patients to be incredibly difficult and I wanted her to make mistakes that would get people killed. It was important to show the arc that gives her the confidence to do surgery in the third bookbecause you need a certain level of insane confidence to cut into someones head! But this also comes with responsibility. For all the politics and war and magical shenanigans (and romance, yes) her overriding ambition is to survive and take care of her patients.

The scenes! I really like the history of medicine so first came the research (and some memorable trips to medical history museums in both the US and the UK). But for the final pass, I always made sure to run everything by the aforementioned spouse. Theres always plenty to nitpick and criticize when you read any book, but let me tell youI know I got the brain surgery correct!

And what about developing and realizing the arcs of characters caught between conflicting loyalties?

I really just wanted to make these characters as messy and real and human as possible and with every revision, I tried to bring this more to the surface. No matter the magical world, theyre dealing with things that rip apart both the larger world and peoples heart everywhere: struggles with faith, duties to community, family drama. I spent a lot of time both sitting with each new dilemma/scene and trying out various paths (so much rewriting and words that will never see the light of day). There is no rule, no craft secret Ive stumbled upon (I had essentially no creative writing background or experience before these books which I can admit now in public since theyve been nominated for awards enough 😉 Its just practice. Critique and revise as many times as you can.

Whats your favorite, most outlandish myth from the medieval Islamic world that you wish youd included in the trilogy but didnt?

Oh man, this is legitimately difficult as there are so many to choosebut the waqwaq tree. Which varies among tellings but is essentially a tree that bears human fruit. Yes. Sometimes children. Sometimes women. Sometimes just heads that wail and scream omens. Theres a bit of a mystery because sometimes its also referred to as the island of Waqwaq, which may or may not contain heads. But you can find elements of the story dating back to earlier Persian tales and the Alexander romances.

What book about that particular period of history would you recommend?

There are a lot but I really enjoy The Book of the Wonders of India. Its set up as a collection of sailors yarns by a tenth century Captain Buzurg ibn Shahriyar (who may or may not have existed) and it just captures such a wide-eyed and woundrous (and wild and often extremely racist!) look at traveling the seas in the early medieval era. From monsters and mermaids to deathly gales and dodgy piratesits one of those books that reminds you how very human the past was.

Any favorite books you came across while doing research?

Theres a great translation coming out from the Library of Arabic Literature of al-Jawbaris Book of Charlatans which is essentially a medieval guide to being a con artist, written by someone who was SUPREMELY full of himself. Its magnificently bizarre and contains an anecdote about a scheme using a trained monkey said to be a bewitched Indian prince to guilt people out of money of the mosque (where said monkey makes his ablutions and performs prayer!)

Lets talk writing advice. How did you get yourself to write when you first started out and not fall into the whole am I good enough to be a writer trap?

I have what is probably both a depressing and inspiring answer to this: I truly, deeply did not ever imagine my dream of seeing these books published would come true. I wanted them to! Desperately! But I had no creative writing background and was not raised with the idea that the arts could be a career (not that my parents discouraged mebut I was a first generation college student from a working class family: financial stability was the dream). And I didnt want to let myself dream too much because I didnt want to me crushed if it all came crashing down. So I wrote the books because I wanted to. I did the work of getting them critiqued and looking for an agent because I had people in my corner who loved them and pushed me, but I didnt let myself get hopeful. I meanI still havent and the trilogy has been optioned by Netflix so you think Impostor Syndrome would start to fade but apparently not.

Which is a long rambling way of saying there is no good enough to be a writer. Write if you want to write, if you have ideas and stories burning in your brain. Write them because you deserve to have a creative outlet in your life regardless if it goes anywhere that pays the bills. And if it does one day? Fantastic! if it doesnt? Every sentence you craft is practice that makes you better. Trust me: I know this is hard to internalize. I agonized over whether or not writing was selfish when my daughter was a baby. But you get to have this.

Coming from a historical background, how did you transition from something grounded in data and archives to building a fantasy world?

I think by both constantly trying to internalize that theyre different things and by reading other works of historical fiction to remind yourself that most arent getting down every tiny detail. Youre trying to sketch out an atmosphere, a scene, a tastenot argue a thesis.

Do you have any advice on adapting existing folktales and mythology without insulting their religions and cultures of origin?

This is a question that needs a far longer answer than I can provide here, but I try to flip the question and not ask what I can do without insulting such traditions, but what I can do to honor and respect them. People (often in the majority demographic) get horribly offended when they think theyre being toldnotto write something when really the attitude of questioning your intentions, trying to internalize and sit with critique, and considering existing power structures, your place in them, and the particular work under consideration will take you pretty far! And probably make you a better, more empathetic author!

In general, I dont think Id feel comfortable doing a deep or edgy reinterpretation of a living religion that isnt mine. Not because of fears of getting called out, but because it doesnt really sit right with me and isnt my lane in a way I think every writer needs to decide for themselves (and I think we should normalize both these discussions and the idea that people can learn). For example, I think the Mahabharat contains some of the greatest storytelling in history, and in particular I find Karna fascinating (the hidden family trauma! the loyalty to the one man who treated him right!) But I wouldnt try to retell his story. Im neither South Asian nor Hindu and it doesnt feel right. I might be inspired by elements of his character or arc, but I wouldnt try to make him as Karna mine. I couldnt do justice to him. (though relatedly, there is a fantastic YA space opera by a South Asian author that takes both Karna and the Mahabharat as its framing and its really, really good: A SPARK OF WHITE FIREhttps://www.skyhorsepublishing.com/sky-pony-press/9781510733817/a-spark-of-white-fire/

Whats the best writing advice youve ever gotten?

Best advice: FINISH THE BOOK. Dont get worn down into despair over a single scene or spend three months on the first ten pages. Writing is a very personal process but I do believe it is generally easier to see a storys larger arc or where the pieces need to go once you have a draft, even if that draft is half outline.

So tell us, how does one steal a horse on the high seas?

So I wrote the stealing a horse on the high sea as a nod to an anecdote from Ibn al-Mujawirs 13th century travelogue about the constant thieving between the so-called pirate amirs of Kish and the free agent pirate contractors horse merchants would hire to steal their horsesbackfrom the amirsthan realized I might want to use it in the next book so I might make you hunt the details yourself for now!

Head on over to r/Fantasy for the full AMA. For more, check out the AMA she did with r/Books last week.

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S.A. Chakraborty Tells Us the Best Writing Advice She Ever Got in Reddit AMA - tor.com

Ghost of Tsushima could be a pirate game or the Three Musketeers – Explica

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The development processes of a video game are an inexhaustible source of anecdotes that, when revealed, surprise for what it could be or to account for the changes that, for better or for worse, had an impact on the final product that we enjoy in our console or PC. This time it was the turn of Ghost of Tsushima, the new PS4 exclusive developed by Sucker Punch that could have had a totally different theme.

As part of an article posted on the official PlayStation blog on the occasion of Ghost of Tsushimas debut, Brian Fleming, co-founder of Sucker Punch, revealed interesting detail about what the game might have been if they hadnt chosen feudal Japan during the Mongol invasion. In that sense, the creative started by saying that when they made sure that their new game would be open world and with a certain focus on combat, it was time to decide the topic they would tackle.

In this regard, Fleming shared some ideas they had in mind: but, beyond that, we were insecure. Pirates? Rob Roy? The Three Musketeers? All of these were considered, but we keep going back to feudal Japan and telling the story of a Samurai warrior. Then one fateful autumn afternoon, we found a historical account of the Tsushima invasion in 1274, and the whole vision fell into place.

Thus, Ghost of Tsushima could be a game that would take the adventure on the high seas, that would be inspired by the work of Alexander Dumas or even that would tell the story of the rebellious hero of Scottish folklore, Rob Roy.

Ghost of Tsushima is available on PS4 and at this link you will find all related information, as well as our written review.

Stay here at LEVEL UP.

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Ghost of Tsushima could be a pirate game or the Three Musketeers - Explica

Pentagon Confronts the Pandemic – LA Progressive

Or How to Make War, American-Style, Possible Again

On March 26th, the coronavirus accomplished what no foreign adversary has been able to do since the end of World War II: it forced an American aircraft carrier, the USS Theodore Roosevelt, to suspend patrol operations and shelter in port. By the time that ship reached dock in Guam, hundreds of sailors had been infected with the disease and nearly the entire crew had to be evacuated. As news of the crisis aboard theTR(as the vessel is known) became public, word came out thatat least 40other U.S. warships, including the carrierUSSRonald Reaganand the guided-missile destroyerUSSKidd, were suffering from Covid-19 outbreaks. None of these approached the scale of theTRand, by June, the Navy was again able to deploy most of those ships on delayed schedules and/or with reduced crews. By then, however, it had become abundantly clear that the long-established U.S. strategy of relying on large, heavily armed warships to project power and defeat foreign adversaries was no longer fully sustainable in a pandemic-stricken world.

Just as the Navy was learning that its preference for big ships with large crews typically packed into small spaces for extended periods of time was quite literally proving a dead-end strategy (one of the infected sailors on theTRdiedof complications from Covid-19), the Army and Marine Corps were making a comparable discovery. Their favored strategy of partnering with local forces in far-flung parts of the world like Iraq, Japan, Kuwait, and South Korea, where local safeguards against infectious disease couldnt always be relied on (or, as inOkinawa recently, Washingtons allies couldnt count on the virus-free status of American forces), was similarly flawed. With U.S. and allied troops increasingly forced to remain in isolation from each other, it is proving difficult to conduct the usual joint training-and-combat exercises and operations.

In the short term, American defense officials have responded to such setbacks with various stopgap measures, includingsendingnuclear-capable B-1, B-2, and B-52 bombers on long-range show-of-force missions over contested areas like the Baltic Sea (think: Russia) or the South China Sea (think: China, of course). We have the capability and capacity to provide long-range fires anywhere, anytime, and can bring overwhelming firepower even during the pandemic,insistedGeneral Timothy Ray, commander of the Air Force Global Strike Command, after several such operations.

In another sign of tactical desperation, however, the Navy ordered the shattered crew of theTRout of lockdown in May so that the ship could participate in long-scheduled, China-threatening multi-carrier exercises in the western Pacific. A third of its crew, however, had to be left in hospitals or in quarantine on Guam. Were executing according to plan to return to sea and fighting through the virus is part of that,saidthe ships new captain, Carlos Sardiello, as theTRprepared to depart that Pacific island. (He had been named captain on April 3rd after a letter the carriers previous skipper, Brett Crozier, wrote to superiors complaining of deteriorating shipboard health conditions was leaked to the media and the senior Navy leadershipfiredhim.)

Pentagon officials have been forced to acknowledge that the military foundations of Washingtons global strategy particularly, the forward deployment of combat forces in close cooperation with allied forces may have become invalid.

Such stopgap measures, and others like them now being undertaken by the Department of Defense, continue to provide the military with a sense of ongoing readiness, even aggressiveness, in a time of Covid-related restrictions. Were the current pandemic to fade away in the not-too-distant future and life return to what once passed for normal, they might prove adequate. Scientists are warning, however, that the coronavirus is likely to persist for a long time and that a vaccine even if successfully developed may not prove effective forever. Moreover, many virologistsbelievethat further pandemics, potentially even more lethal than Covid-19, could be lurking on the horizon, meaning that there might never be areturn to a pre-pandemic normal.

That being the case, Pentagon officials have been forced to acknowledge that the military foundations of Washingtons global strategy particularly, the forward deployment of combat forces in close cooperation with allied forces may have become invalid. In recognition of this harsh new reality, U.S. strategists are beginning to devise an entirely new blueprint for future war, American-style: one that would end, or at least greatly reduce, a dependence onhundredsof overseas garrisons and large manned warships, relying instead on killer robots, a myriad of unmanned vessels, and offshore bases.

In fact, the Navys plans to replace large manned vessels with small, unmanned ones was only accelerated by the outbreak of the pandemic.Several factorshad already contributed to the trend: modern warships like nuclear-powered aircraft carriers and missile-armed cruisers had been growing ever more expensive to build. The latest, the USSGerald R. Ford, has cost a whopping$13.2 billionand stilldoesnt workto specifications. So even a profligately funded Pentagon can only afford to be constructing a few at a time. They are also proving increasingly vulnerable to the sorts ofanti-ship missilesand torpedoes being developed by powers like China, while, as events on theTRsuggest, theyre natural breeding grounds for infectious diseases.

Until the disaster aboard theTheodore Roosevelt, most worrisome were those Chinese land-based, anti-ship weapons capable of striking American carriers and cruisers in distant parts of the Pacific Ocean. This development had already forced naval planners to consider the possibility of keeping their most prized assets far from Chinas shores in any potential shooting war, lest they be instantly lost to enemy fire. Rather than accept such a version of defeat before a battle even began, Navy officials had begun adopting a new strategy, sometimes called distributed maritime operations, in which smaller manned warships would, in the future, be accompanied into battle by large numbers of tiny, unmanned, missile-armed vessels, or maritime killer robots.

In a reflection of the Navys new thinking, the services surface warfare director, Rear Admiral Ronald Boxall,explainedin 2019 that the future fleet, as designed, was to include 104 large surface combatants [and] 52 small surface combatants, adding, Thats a little upside down. Should I push out here and have more small platforms? I think the future fleet architecture study has intimated yes, and our war gaming shows there is value in that And when I look at the force, I think: Where can we use unmanned so that I can push it to a smaller platform?

Think of this as an early public sign of the rise of naval robotic warfare, which is finally leaving dystopian futuristic fantasies for actual future battlefields. In the Navys version of this altered landscape, large numbers of unmanned vessels (both surface ships and submarines) willroamthe worlds oceans, reporting periodically via electronic means to human operators ashore or on designated command ships. They may, however, operate for long periods on their own or in robotic wolf packs.

Such a vision has now been embraced by the senior Pentagon leadership, which sees the rapid procurement and deployment of such robotic vessels as the surest way of achieving the Navys (and President Trumps) goal of a fleet of 355 ships at a time of potentially static defense budgets, recurring pandemics, and mounting foreign threats. I think one of the ways you get [to the 355-ship level] quickly is moving toward lightly manned [vessels], which over time can be unmanned, Secretary of Defense Mark Esper typicallysaidin February. We can go with lightly manned ships You can build them so theyre optionally manned and then, depending on the scenario or the technology, at some point in time they can go unmanned That would allow us to get our numbers up quickly, and I believe that we can get to 355, if not higher, by 2030.

To begin to implement such an audacious plan, that very month the Pentagonrequested$938 million for the next two fiscal years to procure three prototype large unmanned surface vessels (LUSVs) and another $56 million for the initial development of a medium-sized unmanned surface vessel (MUSV). If such efforts prove successful, the Navy wants another $2.1 billion from 2023 through 2025 to procure seven deployable LUSVs and one prototype MUSV.

Naval officials have, however, revealed little about the design or ultimate functioning of such robot warships. All that services 2021 budget requestsaysis that the unmanned surface vessel (USV) is a reconfigurable, multi-mission vessel designed to provide low cost, high endurance, reconfigurable ships able to accommodate various payloads for unmanned missions and augment the Navys manned surface force.

Based on isolated reports in the military trade press, the most that can be known about such future (and futuristic) ships, is that they will resembleminiature destroyers, perhaps 200 feet long, with no crew quarters but a large array of guided missiles and anti-submarine weapons. Such vessels will also be equipped with sophisticated computer systems enabling them to operate autonomously for long periods of time and under circumstances yet to be clarified take offensive action on their own or in coordination with other unmanned vessels.

The future deployment of robot warshipson the high seas raises troubling questions. To what degree, for instance, will they be able to choose targets on their own for attack and annihilation? The Navy has yet to provide an adequate answer to this question, provoking disquiet among arms control and human rights advocates whofearthat such ships could go rogue and start or escalate a conflict on their own. And thats obviously a potential problem in a world of recurring pandemics where killer robots could prove the only types of ships the Navy dares deploy in large numbers.

When it comes to the prospect of recurring pandemics, the ground combat forces of the Army and Marine Corps face a comparable dilemma.

Ever since the end of World War II, American military strategy has called for U.S. forces to fight forward that is, on or near enemy territory rather than anywhere near the United States. This, in turn, has meant maintaining military alliances with numerous countries around the world so that American forces can be based on their soil, resulting inhundredsof U.S. military bases globally. In wartime, moreover, U.S. strategy assumes that many of these countries will provide troops for joint operations against a common enemy. To fight the Soviets in Europe, the U.S. created NATO and acquired garrisons throughout Western Europe; to fight communism in Asia, it established military ties with Japan, South Korea, South Vietnam, the Philippines, and other local powers, acquiring scores of bases there as well. When Afghanistan, Iran, Iraq, and Islamic terrorism became major targets of its military operations, the Pentagon forged ties with and acquired bases in Afghanistan, Bahrain, Djibouti, Iraq, Kuwait, Oman, Saudi Arabia, and the United Arab Emirates, among other places.

In a pandemic-free world, such a strategy offers numerous advantages for an imperial power. In time of war, for example, theres no need to transport American troops (with all their heavy equipment) into the combat zone from bases thousands of miles away. However, in a world of recurring pandemics, such a vision is fast becoming a potentially unsustainable nightmare.

To begin with, its almost impossible to isolate thousands of U.S. soldiers and their families (who often accompany them on long-term deployments) from surrounding populations (or those populations from them). As a result, any viral outbreak outside base gates is likely to find its way inside and any outbreak on the base is likely to head in the opposite direction. This, in fact, occurred at numerous overseas facilities this spring. Camp Humphreys in South Korea, for example, waslocked downafter four military dependents, four American contractors, and four South Korean employees became infected with Covid-19. It was the same on several bases in Japan and on the island of Okinawa when Japanese employees tested positive for the virus (and, more recently, when U.S. military personnelat five basesthere were found to have Covid-19). Add inCamp Lemonnierin Djibouti andAhmed al-Jaber Air Basein Kuwait, not to speak of the fact that, in Europe, some2,600American soldiers have been placed in quarantine after suspected exposure to Covid-19. (And if the U.S. military is anxious about all this in other countries, think about how Americas allies feel at a moment when Donald Trumps America has become the epicenter of the global coronavirus pandemic.)

A world of recurring pandemics will make it nearly impossible for U.S. forces to work side-by-side with their foreign counterparts, especially in poorer nations that lack adequate health and sanitation facilities. This is already true inIraqandAfghanistan, where the coronavirus is thought to have spread widely among friendly local forces and American soldiers have been ordered to suspend joint training missions with them.

A return to the pre-Covid world appears increasingly unlikely, so the search is now on big time for a new guiding strategy for Army and Marine combat operations in the years to come. As with the Navy, this search actually began before the outbreak of the coronavirus, but has gained fresh urgency in its wake.

To insulate ground operations from the dangers of a pandemic-stricken planet, the two services are exploring a similar operating model: instead of deploying large, heavily-armed troop contingents close to enemy borders, they hope to station small, highly mobile forces on U.S.-controlled islands or at other reasonably remote locations, where they can fire long-range ballistic missiles at vital enemy assets with relative impunity. To further reduce the risk of illness or casualties, such forces will, over time, be augmented on the front lines by ever more unmanned creations, including armed machines again those killer robots designed to perform the duties of ordinary soldiers.

The Marine Corps version of this future combat model was first spelled out inForce Design 2030, a document released by Corps commandant General David Berger in the pandemic month of March 2020. Asserting that the Marines existing structure was unsuited to the world of tomorrow, he called for a radical restructuring of the force to eliminate heavy, human-operated weapons like tanks and instead increase mobility and long-range firepower with a variety of missiles and what he assumes will be a proliferation of unmanned systems. Operating under the assumption that we will not receive additional resources, he wrote, we must divest certain existing capabilities and capacities to free resources for essential new capabilities. Among those new capabilities that he considers crucial: additional unmanned aerial systems, or drones, that can operate from ship, from shore, and [be] able to employ both [intelligence-]collection and lethal payloads.

In its own long-range planning, the Army is placing an evengreater relianceon creating a force of robots, or at least optionally manned systems. Anticipating a future of heavily-armed adversaries engaging U.S. forces in high-intensity warfare, its seeking to reduce troop exposure to enemy fire by designing all future combat-assault systems, including tanks, troop-carriers, and helicopters, to be either human-occupied or robotically self-directed as circumstances dictate. The Armys next-generation infantry assault weapon, for instance, has been dubbed anoptionally manned fighting vehicle(OMFV). As its name suggests, it is intended to operate with or without onboard human operators. The Army is alsoprocuringa robotic utility vehicle, the squad multipurpose equipment transport (SMET), intended to carry 1,000 pounds of supplies and ammunition. Looking further into the future, that service has also begun development of a robotic combat vehicle (RCV), or a self-driving tank.

The Army is also speeding the development of long-range artillery and missile systems that will make attacks on enemy positions from well behind the front lines ever more central to any future battle with a major enemy. These include the extended range cannon artillery, an upgraded Paladin-armored howitzer with an extra-long barrel and supercharged propellant that should be able tohit targets40 miles away, and the even more advancedprecision strike missile(PrSM), a surface-to-surface ballistic missile with a range of at least 310 miles.

Many analysts, in fact, believe that the PrSM will be able to strike atfar greater distancesthan that, putting critical enemy targets air bases, radar sites, command centers at risk from launch sites far to the rear of American forces. In case of war with China, this could mean firing missiles from friendly partner-nations like Japan or U.S.-controlled Pacific islands like Guam. Indeed, this possibility hasalarmedAir Force supporters who fear that the Army is usurping the sorts of long-range strike missions traditionally assigned to combat aircraft.

All these plans and programs are being promoted to enable the U.S. military to continue performing its traditional missions of power projection and warfighting in a radically altered world. Seen from that perspective, measures like removing sailors from crowded warships, downsizing U.S. garrisons in distant lands, and replacing human combatants with robotic ones might seem sensible. But looked at from what might be called the vantage point of comprehensive security or the advancement ofallaspects of American safety and wellbeing they appear staggeringly myopic.

If the scientists are right and the coronavirus will linger for a long period and, in the decades to come, be followed by other pandemics of equal or greater magnitude, the true future threats to American security could be microbiological (and economic), not military. After all, the current pandemic has already killed more Americans thandiedin the Korean and Vietnam wars combined, while triggering the worst economic downturn since the Great Depression. Imagine, then, what a more lethal pandemic might do. The countrys armed forces may still have an important role to play in such an environment providing, for example, emergency medical assistance and protecting vital infrastructure but fighting never-ending wars in distant lands and projecting power globally should not rank high when it comes to where taxpayer dollars go for security in such challenging times.

Michael T. KlareTomDispatch

Michael T. Klare, aTomDispatchregular, is the five-college professor emeritus of peace and world security studies at Hampshire College and a senior visiting fellow at the Arms Control Association. He is the author of 15 books, the latest of which isAll Hell Breaking Loose: The Pentagons Perspective on Climate Change.

Reposted with permission from TomDispatch

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Pentagon Confronts the Pandemic - LA Progressive