Freedom House finds decline in political freedom in 2013

WASHINGTON, Jan. 24 (UPI) -- Political rights and civil liberties declined around the world in 2013 for the eighth consecutive year, the annual report released by Freedom House said.

"Freedom in the World" said 54 countries lost ground while only 40 became more open and democratic. The report cited Egypt, where a military coup displaced an elected president, and China, where the government has cracked down on dissent.

Freedom House, which has its headquarters in Washington, is a non-governmental organization founded in 1941 to foster political liberty.

"Some leaders effectively relied on 'modern authoritarianism,' crippling their political opposition without annihilating it, and flouting the rule of law while maintaining a veneer of order, legitimacy and prosperity," the report said. "Central to modern authoritarians is the capture of institutions that undergird political pluralism. They seek to dominate not only the executive and legislative branches, but also the media, judiciary, civil society, economy, and security forces."

The report identified the 10 most oppressive countries as the Central African Republic, Somalia, Equatorial Guinea, Sudan, Eritrea, Syria, North Korea, Turkmenistan, Saudi Arabia and Uzbekistan.

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Freedom House finds decline in political freedom in 2013

Freedom House: Philippines is ‘partly free’

WASHINGTON The Philippines retained its status for the fourth straight year as a "partly free" country but was a standout among Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) members in a survey of political rights and civil liberties in 195 nations conducted by Freedom House.

The Washington-based non-government organization, in its Freedom in the World 2014 report, rated the Philippines one of 59 partly free countries and gave it a score of 3 points each in political rights and civil liberties. Eighty-eight countries were ranked as free and 48 were deemed not free.

ASEAN members Indonesia, Malaysia, Thailand and Singapore were in the partly free grouping and all, with the exception of Indonesia, had scores of 4 points each in political rights and civil liberties.

Indonesias status declined from free to partly free due to the adoption of a law that, among other things, restricts activities of non-government organizations and increases bureaucratic oversight of such groups, Freedom House said.

Its civil liberties rating declined also from 3 to 4 though it managed to eke out a score of 2 points in political rights.

It was the second time this month that the Philippines received a positive international rating.

Last week, the Heritage Foundation and the Wall Street Journal in their 2014 Index of World Economic Freedom upgraded the Philippines to 89th place from 97th previously out of 178 countries because of a dedication of reform amongst the countrys leadership.

Freedom House examines the ability of individuals to exercise their political and civil rights around the world and assigns each country two numerical ratings from 1 to 7 for political rights and civil liberties. The average of the ratings determines whether a country is free, partly free or not free.

One point represents the most free and seven the least free rating.

The remaining five other members of the ASEAN Vietnam, Laos, Brunei, Myanmar and Cambodia were deemed not free in the Freedom House report.

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Freedom House: Philippines is 'partly free'

8News Investigates: Unfit to Breed [Update]

RICHMOND (WRIC) - On a frigid day at the Capitol with icicles forming outside, there's renewed hope of a warming inside the halls of power towards compensating the living victims of Virginia's efforts to create a super race.

"This is something that has to be rectified not just with soothing words but with actions," says Del. Bob Marshall.

It was the actions of the state that robbed now 86-year-old Lewis Reynolds of the ability to have children.

"I only wonder what kind of a father I would have made if I had a family, but I do not have one," Reynolds says.

The retired Marine Corps Sgt. Is one of more than 7,000 Virginians forcibly sterilized between 1924 and 1979 under the Commonwealth's Eugencial Sterilization Act, which was based on the now discredited science of eugenics.

Eugenics had the stated goal of riding society of those considered defective, those whose offspring might burden society - those with "unfit human traits...

Virginia law, declared "insanity, idiocy, imbecility, epilepsy, and crime" could be influenced by heredity and allowed the compulsory sterilization of those confined to state institutions. As a child, Reynolds displayed signs of epilepsy and was sterilized by court order.

"I can't look him in the face and say we're sorry, go away and all things are well,' Marshall says. "They're not all well and that's why we're here today,"

Conservative Republican Bob Marshall and liberal Democrat Patrick Hope typically don't agree on much.

"We stand in front of sundials and dispute the time, but on this we have no difference," Marshall says.

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8News Investigates: Unfit to Breed [Update]

U of C student wins national elevator business pitch award

CALGARY - A University of Calgary student has won a national award in the Next 36 Elevator Pitch contest.

Adil Vegdanis SaveIt! idea - an electronic payment system for the eco-friendly consumer - captured the contest which asked post-secondary students to submit an elevator pitch for an innovative business that can be started with a maximum of $100,000 in funding in nine months or less.

SaveIt! gives consumers the option to have refunds from their recycled beverage containers directly deposited into their bank accounts or accrued for a year-end lump sum.

The 23-year-old Vegdani is in his third year at the University of Calgary studying economics and management with a focus on applied energy and sustainability.

Really the idea came to me after doing some research into the waste management industry, he said. What I discovered is that human beings are inherently wasteful . . . I think its more prevalent in Western society. People understand the concept of reduce, recycle. However I dont think we fully appreciate the magnitude of waste we create every day.

His idea is for a smartphone application coupled with a laser technology system.

The pitch needed to be a maximum of 100 words and applicants had a chance to win $2,500. The entries were judged on a combination of creativity, originality, content and the ability to thoughtfully present the idea in a direct and succinct manner.

The contest was presented by StudentAwards, The Next 36 and the Trajectory Brand.

Rob Henderson, president and chief executive of yconic, the parent company of StudentAwards, said the idea was to promote an entrepreneurial culture.

We wanted to capture some of the great ideas in 30 seconds or less, he said. Now the thing about an entrepreneur or even being a great business person being able to write down and consolidate and be very clear with your ideas in 100 words or less is an extreme talent which is why we wanted to base the whole competition on that criteria.

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U of C student wins national elevator business pitch award

ECO forum focuses on state’s environmental ‘rollback’

Published: Thursday, January 23, 2014 at 10:42 p.m. Last Modified: Thursday, January 23, 2014 at 10:42 p.m.

About 50 residents attended a forum Thursday to hear a panel of experts discuss what two of three panelists characterized as North Carolinas systematic rollback of environmental protections.

Sponsored by the Environmental and Conservation Organization, the public forum at the City Operations Center featured N.C. Rep. Chuck McGrady, Senior Attorney D.J. Gerken of the Southern Environmental Law Center and Co-Director Julie Mayfield of WNC Alliance.

The speakers focused primarily on the impact of three bills that became state law last year: a 59-page regulatory reform act, a bill to prevent local governments from updating building codes more than every six years, and a bill sponsored by McGrady to regionalize water and sewer service.

Most troubling to the panelists as a whole was House Bill 74, a catch-all that McGrady a past national president and board member of the Sierra Club said started as a two-page bill and quickly morphed in the Senate to include everything from hog lagoons to carbon monoxide detectors.

One provision of the massive bill is that local governments can only adopt environmental ordinances stricter than state law by unanimous vote, Mayfield said.

If you pay attention to local politics, you might know that getting a unanimous vote on anything is difficult, she said. Getting a unanimous vote on an environmental regulation is almost impossible.

The regulatory reform bill also requires that the states Environmental Management Commission review all state environmental regulations and re-adopt them within an aggressive timeframe or the rules will automatically expire, Mayfield said.

We really dont know how this is going to play out, but there is a huge amount at risk here, she said. Allowing rules to expire will be easier, she said, because the legislature passed a bill firing all the EMC members who were appointed by previous governors and allowed new members with greater ties to polluting industries.

Potentially, theres a little bit of the fox guarding the hen house here, Mayfield said.

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ECO forum focuses on state’s environmental ‘rollback’

Turbocharging and advanced hybrid tech coming to Formula 1 for 2014

Unlike trickle down economics which forgot to trickle down, Formula One has been known to develop race technology that has meandered its way into the mainstream in consumer form. McLarens carbon fiber monocoque, albeit an expensive design innovation reserved for high end exotics, was the direct result of F1 engineering. For the 2014 season, new hybrid technologies and requirements designed to make F1 racing more energized and eco-friendly are being introduced.

For 2014 not only will technology and energy recovery systems play an integral role in the cars power makeup, but the engine size itself will be significantly reduced. In 2013, F1 teams were allowed a 2.4-liter naturally-aspirated V8 engine with power output of 750 bhp, but for the 2014 season, engines will lose two cylinders and almost a liter of displacement. At 1.6 liters, the new twin turbocharged V6 engines will generate 600 bhp, down 150 hp from the previous season. However, the loss of power through the gas powerplant will now be subsidized by new Energy Recover Systems (ERS).

The new ERS system for F1 is a next generation uptake on the previous Kinetic Energy Recovery System (KERS). For those unfamiliar with KERS, it involves capturing waste energy during braking, which is then transformed into electrical energy. When activated, energy stored in a small capacitor-like device provided teams with a sort of electric nitrous oxide shot to the tune of 60kW (80 bhp) for up to 6.67 seconds per lap. With the new ERS system for 2014, drivers will not only have access to longer power bursts of 33 seconds, but double the power to the tune of 120 kW (160 bhp). An electronic rear brake control system will also be introduced into all cars in order to cater for the extra power generated by the ERS system during braking.

The ERS system will also employ not one but two energy recovery sources. Regenerative braking technology for the season will remain relatively the same with minor updates. The Motor Generator Unit - Kinetic (MGU-K) in partnership with the Energy Store (ES), takes braking and heat energy from the brake rotors during the race, then converts it back out into the system in the form of that 160 hp electric burst through the generator unit. One of the main drawbacks to this system is that in the event of a breakdown, teams would lose a significant chunk of available power. Unlike V8 systems from last year, where teams still had reasonable power to continue and remain competitive, the loss of KERS and 160 hp in 2014 would most likely translate into a DNF (did not finish).

But all is not lost, as there is another ERS device on board to supplement the power-hungry diet. The second addition for 2014 is the introduction of a thermal capture device. The similarly named Motor Generator Unit - Heat (MGU-H), attached directly to the turbocharger shaft, captures exhaust heat and coverts it, like the kinetic system, into electrical energy. This capturing device has the ability to dump power straight into the system on demand or store it in the Energy Store for later use. When activated, the MGU-H gives drivers another electric power shot to the drive wheels via the dedicated generator unit. And unlike the MGU-K, the thermal recovery unit can provide unlimited supplemental power throughout the race. For 2014, Formula 1 has limited energy recovery from the MGU-K to 2 megajoules (MJ) per lap with the ability to release stored energies to a maximum of 4 MJ per lap.

Another fancy power management trick is the way in which the MGU-H thermal unit manages turbo speed. Contrary to a conventional turbocharger system where a wastegate is used to vent out excess engine pressures derived from the turbocharger, the new unit actually controls the speed of the turbocharger impeller. The ability to speed up or slow down the turbo allows teams to not only better manage wastegate pressures in the engine but to spin up the turbocharger low in the rev cycle. As boost is enabled sooner, power comes on quicker, and that power procrastination thing known as turbo-lag essentially disappears from the equation.

Other technical changes and challenges for teams this year will include a fuel limit of 100 kg (220 lb) per race. For 2013, teams on average used around 160 kg (353 lb) during a normal race. This means that teams will need to carefully consider where and when the ERS system is engaged. Since hybrid technology brings with it the unfortunate side effect of weight gain, Formula 1 teams will now be able to plump up their cars from a minimum weight of 642 kg (1,415 lb) to 690 kg (1,521 lb). The cars exhaust systems will also change from a two-pipe setup to a single pipe, which according to F1, must be angled upwards to prevent exhaust flow from being used for aerodynamic effect. The entire exercise should be interesting to follow, to see how teams react to the new hybrid technologies and whether or not faster laps will be a result.

According to Renault, a typical lap using the new ERS systems will look something like this:

Under acceleration the internal combustion engine (ICE) will be using its reserve of fuel. The turbocharger will be rotating at maximum speed (100,000 rpm). The MGU-H, acting as a generator, will recover energy from the exhaust and transfer it to the MGU-K (or battery). The MGU-K, which is connected to the crankshaft of the ICE, will act as a motor and deliver additional power to pull harder or save fuel, dependent on the chosen strategy. At the end of the straight the driver lifts off for braking for a corner, at which point the MGU-K converts to a generator and recovers energy from the braking event. Under braking the rotational speed of the turbo drops due to the lack of energy in the exhaust which leads to turbo lag. To prevent this lag, the MGU-H acts as a motor for a very short time to instantaneously accelerate the turbo to its optimal speed, offering the driver perfect driveability.

Engine development will also be frozen during the season, and only five Power Units will be permitted per driver for the year. The 2014 Formula One season begins March 14 in Melbourne, Australia.

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Turbocharging and advanced hybrid tech coming to Formula 1 for 2014