The problem with messages is that you can't be sure who might pick them up at the other end. But a new scheme for a quantum communications ensures only a recipient in exactly the right location can read their message. More »
Detection of predefecatory rectosigmoid wave activity for prevention of fecal soiling in infants. "Identification of an electrophysiologic sign before defecation can prevent fecal soiling in infants. To identify such a sign, the contractile activity of sigmoid colon was recorded percutaneously in 48 healthy infants. The recorder was equipped with a digital clock synchronized to the recorder so as to set off an alarm upon significantly increased electromyographic activity of sigmoid colon. Examination of the recordings at high speed revealed three types of basal, signaling and predefecatory waves of activities. The 'basal' component was comprised of as negatively deflected slow waves. The signaling waves exhibited an increase in amplitudes, cycle rate and conduction velocity, were repeated 8.2+/-1.2 times and lasted for 14.6+/-2.1 minutes prior to defecation, The 'predefecatory' waves preceded defecation by 40.3+/-7.3 seconds, showed a significant increase in wave parameters and sounded the alarm. The findings show a method for early detection of defecation that can be used clinically to prevent fecal soiling in infants." Image: flickr/keeping_it_real Related content:
Discoblog: NCBI ROFL: Science: getting babies drunk since 1997
Discoblog: NCBI ROFL: Salmonella excretion in joy-riding pigs.
Discoblog: NCBI ROFL: The collapse of toilets in Glasgow.
Discoblog: NCBI ROFL: “Back and forth forever” (or, DIY poop therapy). WTF is ...
I've acquired 4,824,801 gross meters of Purity Grade 99.87 nickel wire with a diameter of .025mm. I'm looking to sell the wire but have found out is a specialty product. I don't know whom to contact. What industry or companies should I contact. I'm willing to pay a healthy commission to anyone t
It's Science vs. Magic week at L.A.'s Magic Castle, where comic magician Rudy Coby and his friends have taken over the Victorian mansion-styled club, and where waitresses are sporting lab coats and serving drinks in test tubes. Coby is reprising his mad scientist alter-ego Labman after a 15-year hiatus--during which time he crafted stage shows for one-time roommate goth rocker Marilyn Manson, who threatens a surprise cameo as "The Evil Magician" at one of Coby's performances. The event is an ode to magic's time-honored and gleeful distortion of scientific and technological principals. Coby's Hypnotron 2000 makes it look like your skin moves after staring at a spinning wheel. Andrew Mayne--who creates illusions for David Blaine and produced the G4 Network's quirky G4 Underground--unveils a don't-try-this-at-home effect that has him drinking –320o Fahrenheit liquid nitrogen. College favorite Brian Brushwood has audience members use cell phones to capture a ghostly image on TV static patterns that their eyes miss (pictured). For the kids this weekend, mad scientist Prof. Wes Weasely wields audio magic with his theremin. More surprise guests are planned Thursday through Sunday. -- by Sue Karlin Related Content:
Discoblog: Crazy Optical Illusion of the Day
Discoblog: To Levitate Water, Turn on the Strobe Lights
Discoblog: Prepare to Be Amazed… ...
This ad for Latinworks' Parental Control Bar urges parents to protect their kids from the seedier sides of the internet. But if you're going to organize your folders like that, what the hell do you expect? [ScaryIdeas via Copyranter] More »
![Click here to read The Investigation Into That Missing iPhone [Updated]](http://euvolution.com/futurist-transhuman-news-blog/wp-content/plugins/wp-o-matic/cache/ea700_160x120_7c98d9b61817e3ccf4.jpg)
As most of you know by now, police entered Jason Chen's home, seizing his computers and gadgets. While the investigation's in process, we can't comment much on this. We stand by our colleague and our coverage of the lost iPhone. Here's the background and some links to the more substantive external reports. More »
I want to ask about (the custody transfer approval) because our consultant was talking about it in the approval of the ultrasonic flow meter for new project
I want to know what the the important questions should I ask the flowmeter manufacturer for approval his product (ultrasonic clamp one). Tha
Ooh la la! Google's Image Search has gotten quite a nice makeover for iPhone and Android devices. There are now neater thumbnails, results optimized for speed, and pictures that can be flipped through with a swipe. [Google Mobile Blog] More »
Is listening to your iTunes playlist over vinyl the most practical of ideas? Nah. But throw in a futuristic glowing ring and call to arms for playlist purists, and Martin Skelly's Playlist Player has a friend in me. More »
Since March 30, when the LHC at CERN first collided protons at an unprecedented total energy of 7 TeV (7 trillion electron volts) the machine has been steadily moving from crawling to walking. Last Saturday, I’d say it took its first steps, and like any toddler, will soon be running.
The plot shows what we call “integrated luminosity” which is simply a measure of the number of collisions of protons in the interaction regions at the four experiments. In this case, it’s my own experiment, CMS, the Compact Muon Solenoid experiment. CMS and ATLAS are the two large general-purpose detectors, each with thousands of physicists eager for real physics data.
As you can see, the vertical axis of the plot is labelled in units of “nb-1” or inverse nanobarns. The unit “barn” is a unit of area, a kind of joke from Enrico Fermi and friends who, despite the tiny size of a nucleus, said it was “as big as a barn” even though in cross sectional area it’s on the order of 10-28 m2 (which is in fact the definition of one barn). If we think about the cross sectional area of the protons colliding in the LHC, they have a cross sectional area (or simply a total collision cross section) of about 0.12 barns.
So what’s an inverse nanobarn? Well, if we try to collide lots of protons, we might ask “how many collisions per barn or cross sectional area did we make?” It’s like throwing little paint blobs at a wall, one at a time. Eventually the wall is covered, and then covered again, and then covered many times over. We can ask “how many paint blobs per unit area of the wall did we cover?” The nano in nanobarns means one billionth of a barn, and so, now, the LHC has managed to produce its first inverse nanobarn: one collision per every billionth of a barn of cross section.
It’s just a unit – all that matters is “how many collision events of my favorite kind should have been produced?” To get this, you multiply the number of inverse nanobarns by the production cross section for that kind of event, and also by the probability that you actually detect it. So for Z boson production, for example, the cross section is about 30 nanobarns, so we should have a few by now. (I am not at liberty to say whether we do or not…)
The plot has stair steps – the horizontal axis is real time, and the LHC machine is filled with protons, then brought to full energy, then collimators put in, then the experiment turns on and records data for some time until the accelerator folks decide to dump the beam out and refill. As you can see this cycle has been going like clockwork, with fill after fill of the machine. And the experiment has been recording a very large fraction of the delivered collisions, the losses being quite normal and due to end effects and the occasional glitch.
But then came the LHC baby’s first real step last weekend: squeezing the beam. By raising the quadrupole beam focusing magnets to high field, the transverse size of proton bunches in the machine shrinks down and the probability of collisions goes up. In this case, the luminosity went up by an order of magnitude – it was a stunning success. Any imperfection in the focusing fields can send the beam right out of the machine, and, clearly, that did not happen.
The goal in the next year is to get to one inverse femtobarn – a million times more data. In the next week or so the plan, if all goes well, is to achieve another couple orders of magnitude in luminosity. Shit’s about to get real, folks…
Sure, it was expertly shot and framed, brightly lit, and set in a striking location, but you really can't diminish what Nokia's N8 has done here—it's recorded crystal-clear, camcorder-level 720p footage. Except, it's a phone. More »
"In 2008, a large shipment of export beef from American cattle ranches was rejected by Mexican health authorities and returned to the US. The reason: copper found in the beef exceeded safe levels for human consumption. The rejected beef was then sold to consumers back home in the states. L
How could you transmit digital signal for long distances without converting to analog form?
I am pleased to report that Andrew Lang and I have published the first edition of the Reaction Attempts book. It currently contains most of the Ugi reactions from the UsefulChem project and is associated with an April 27, 2010 snapshot archive of the entire UsefulChem project, including NMR spectra, spreadsheets, images and the entire lab notebook from Wikispaces.
At 582 pages the printing cost from LuLu amounts to $26.28. Not meant to replace electronic searches, it should prove to be a handy reference book for the lab to quickly browse through what was attempted for a given reactant, what the outcome was and the researcher involved.
We are hoping to include reaction attempts from other groups in future editions. More details can be found in the preface, reproduced below:
Reaction Attempts First Edition
Data Source: the UsefulChem project
Introduction
Open Notebook Science (ONS) refers to the practice of making the full contents of a laboratory notebook and all associated raw data files available in near real time.[1] This represents an opportunity for everyone to benefit from work in progress in an open research group. However, in order to make use of the information, it must be easily discoverable. A simple strategy to increase discoverability is redundancy over multiple communication platforms.
In another project - the Open Notebook Science Solubility Challenge[2] - we published non-aqueous solubility data in the form of physical and downloadable (PDF) books.[3] Although it is possible to search the solubility database using web query interfaces, exploration of a Google Spreadsheet, an XML feed, etc.[4], having a physical copy in the laboratory has proved to be very convenient in several instances. A similar format for reactions will also be useful.
The UsefulChem Project
UsefulChem started in 2005 as an organic chemistry Open Notebook Science project with a main goal of discovering new anti-malarial agents that can be prepared by simple and cheap syntheses.[5] Most of the reactions on UsefuChem are Ugi reactions, which involve the mixing of an amine, aldehyde, carboxylic acid and isonitrile in a solvent at room temperature generally for a few hours to days.[6] The multicomponent design of the Ugi reaction and the simple reaction conditions make it ideal for exploring large virtual libraries and selecting compounds of interest to make.[7]
Isolation of the Ugi products can be immensely simpler, cheaper and readily scalable if they precipitate in pure form from the reaction mixture. To this end, much of the research in the UsefulChem project focuses on reaction conditions that lead to this outcome.[8] This is in fact the origin of the ONS Solubility Challenge discussed above.[9]
The Reaction Attempts Database
In order to look for patterns in the reaction conditions which led to Ugi product precipitation, the CombiUgiResults Google Spreadsheet was set up.[10] Reactions indexed there can be sorted by precipitation outcome, solvent, reactant, concentration, etc. and links to the laboratory notebook pages can be followed for full details. However, this sheet is designed specifically for Ugi reactions and contains columns specifically for the aldehyde, amine, carboxylic acid and isonitrile.
In order to enable the tracking of other types of reactions, the information in the CombiUgiResults sheet was reformatted into two other sheets: ReactionAttempts[11] (containing reagents and reactants) and RXIDsReactionAttempts[12] (containing reaction conditions and results, such as solvent, concentration of limiting reactant, appearance of a precipitate, yield, etc.). The two sheets are connected via the use of a common ReactionID. This format permits the representation of any type of reaction, with an unlimited number of reactants and products.[13]
By definition, any Open Notebook Science project in a work in progress. The listing of a reaction in this database only means that the researcher attempted or is in the process of attempting it. Whatever the situation, a link to the laboratory notebook page is provided, where the most recent information is available. The philosophy used here is that partial information is always better than no information at all. Thus a researcher investigating the prior use a particular reactant in a Ugi reaction might find the report that a precipitate was obtained in methanol helpful for designing their own reactions, even if the characterization of the precipitate is still pending. At the very least, knowing that a certain researcher has at least attempted a similar reaction is enough information for initiating a discussion, which may lead to valuable insights.
Reaction Attempts on Chemspider
Although SMILES[14] are provided in the spreadsheets, the primary key to identify compounds is the ChemSpider ID (CSID)[15]. This allows us to render molecule images in the book automatically. In the case of the ONS Solubility Challenge book[3], use of the CSID enables a convenient way to calculate various descriptors for displaying values in the book.
In addition, the compounds in the Reaction Attempts database are indexed on ChemSpider as two Data Sources: ReactantsAttemptedReactions and ProductsAttemptedReactions[13]. In this way a substructure search for either reactants or products will identify indexed molecules. Clicking on the Syntheses tab in the ChemSpider record for a selected molecule will then reveal a list of hyperlinks to the relevant laboratory notebook pages.
Organization of the Book
In keeping with the layout of the ONS Solubility Challenge Book, the reactants are listed in alphabetical order. Each entry displays the list of reactions where the reactant was used. This includes a scheme with all reactants and product as well as key metadata: the researcher, reaction type, solvent, limiting reactant concentration, observation of a precipitate, comments and a reference (links to the laboratory notebook page).
In this edition, only Ugi reactions are included. The reaction schemes are laid out in the following order: carboxylic acid, amine, aldehyde and isonitrile. This should allow for easy comparison between schemes within a given record. Reactions where the Ugi product was isolated and characterized are marked with a green check and the percent yield is noted. Since the Ugi products do not have simple common names, they are not included as separate entries. However, all reactions where the synthesis of a specific Ugi product was attempted can be found by looking up the entries for any of the four reactants.
Although this compilation is not exhaustive, it does cover the vast majority of reactions in the UsefulChem project to date. Future editions will include other reactions from UsefulChem and other sources.
Archive
This edition is linked to the UsefulChem data archive (ZIP)[16], (DVD)[17] and interactive hosted archive format[18], ReactionAttempts (XLS)[19] and RXIDsReactionAttempts(XLS)[20] taken on 2010-04-27.
References
1. Open Notebook Science Wikipedia Entry http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Open_Notebook_Science
2. Open Notebook Science Solubility Challenge Wiki http://onschallenge.wikispaces.com
3. Bradley, J.-C. First Edition of ONS Solubility Challenge Book UsefulChem Blog (2009)
http://usefulchem.blogspot.com/2009/12/first-edition-of-ons-solubility.html
4. Open Notebook Science Solubility Challenge List of Experiments page http://onschallenge.wikispaces.com/list+of+experiments
5. UsefulChem Wiki http://usefulchem.wikispaces.com
6. Ugi Reaction Wikipedia Entry http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ugi_reaction
7. Dömling, A., & Ugi, I. (2000). Multicomponent Reactions with Isocyanides. Angewandte Chemie International English Edition, 39(18), 3168-3210. http://www3.interscience.wiley.com/journal/73500473/abstract.
8. UsefulChem List of Experiments http://usefulchem.wikispaces.com/All+Reactions
9. Bradley, J.-C. Open Notebook Science Challenge UsefulChem Blog (2008)
http://usefulchem.blogspot.com/2008/09/open-notebook-science-challenge.html
10. CombiUgiResults Google Spreadsheet http://spreadsheets.google.com/ccc?key=plwwufp30hfpUERhse9y5Kw
11. ReactionAttempts Google Spreadsheet
http://spreadsheets.google.com/ccc?key=0Ak1R8T6wt4YQdG9NejNLcDNUMkVBVURGM01TR0NxdXc
12. RXIDsReactionAttempts Google Spreadsheet
http://spreadsheets.google.com/ccc?key=0Ak1R8T6wt4YQdGVENVFMWjdzaGd2REJTTnA4RG5vblE
13. Bradley, J.-C. Reaction Attempts on ChemSpider UsefulChem Blog (2010)
http://usefulchem.blogspot.com/2010/03/reaction-attempts-on-chemspider.html
14. SMILES Wikipedia Entry http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Simplified_molecular_input_line_entry_specification
15. ChemSpider Web Site http://www.chemspider.com/
16. UC archive Drexel server (ZIP) http://showme.physics.drexel.edu/usefulchem/archives/usefulchem2010-04-27.zip
17. UC archive on lulu.com (DVD) http://www.lulu.com/product/dvd/usefulchem-archive/10791847
18. UC interactive hosted format http://showme.physics.drexel.edu/usefulchem/archives/usefulchem2010-04-27/All%20Reactions.html
19. Bradley, J.-C.; Lang, A.. Reaction Attempts Reactants and Products. UsefulChem. 2010-04-27.URL:http://spreadsheets.google.com/pub?key=toMz3Kp3T2EAUDF3MSGCquw&output=xls. Accessed: 2010-04-27.(Archived by WebCite® at http://www.webcitation.org/5pIsFEbT9)
20. Bradley, J.-C.; Lang, A.. Reaction Attempts RXIDs. UsefulChem. 2010-04-27.URL:http://spreadsheets.google.com/pub?key=teD5QLZ7shgvDBSNp8DnonQ&output=xls. Accessed: 2010-04-27.(Archived by WebCite® at http://www.webcitation.org/5pIs2eh62)
2015. That's when the First Interplanetary War starts, when Japanese humanoid robots arrive to the Moon to fight the Nazis stationed there. If there are no Nazis, however, they'll just set up camp and explore, waiting for humans to arrive. More »
I used to write for the Huffington Post, before it became overrun with antiscience alt-med antivax garbage so thick I could smell it through my monitor.
Case in point would be a somewhat targetless essay by Dr. Larry Dossey, who seems to be trying to say that because science is portrayed as an individual effort, but is actually usually a team effort, students get confused and marginalized. Or something. His point is difficult to determine. But in any case, he’s quite wrong; the idea of science being done by groups of people collaboratively is everywhere, from astronomy to zoology.
I need not go into details, because, happily, Steve Newton from the NCSE has posted a rebuttal on HuffPo that tears Dossey to shreds. My favorite part was when Dossey says Nobel Prizes are only given to individuals, and my first thought was "Wow, I wonder if the IPCC knows about this?"… in his essay, Newton says almost exactly the same thing. Great minds, yadda yadda.
Anyway, I suggest you read Dossey’s screed, and then read Newton’s slamdunking of it. It’s a wonderful exercise in muddied and clear thinking, in that order. With people like Newton writing for HuffPo, it makes me feel a bit better that I don’t need to as much.
Tip o’ the white lab coat Robert Luhn of the NCSE.
NASA May Stretch out Mars Missions to Save Money
"NASA is considering a plan to get around limited budgets set in Washington by stretching out missions to bring back samples from Mars, a researcher said on Wednesday. It may be possible to break down the complicated and expensive mission into three parts, said Steve Squyres, a Cornell University astronomer who leads the Mars Exploration Rover Mission. "It makes the program more affordable because it strings out the cost over time," Squyres told reporters in a telephone briefing. "It brings down the cost per year of doing such a thing."
From Wired Top Stories:
Mice healed three times faster than normal after their broken bones were flooded by proteins naturally used to regrow new tissues. The discovery raises the possibility of a stem cell-free route to regeneration. The Wnt family of proteins used in the mice
Rejoice: HP is buying Palm! If the boring beigeness of HP doesn't kill it in the process, this could only be good for anyone looking for a neat, solid smartphone that beats Google and Apple in many areas. More »
From PopularMechanics.com Automotive - RSS Feed:
Now that the Obama Administration has set the Corporate Average Fuel Economy (CAFE) standard at 34.1 mpg by the year 2016, along with tightening CO2 emissions regulations, the world's automotive engineers can lock in their product pl
