A small factor makes a big impact on genome editing – EurekAlert

Posted on April 24, 2024 by Dook Domini

image:

Although the specificity of CRISPR-based gene-editing is highly accurate and versatile, the efficiency of installing those edits has been low. In this paper, the Adamson lab describes a more efficient prime editor. Illustration by Caitlin Sedwick for Princeton University.

Credit: Caitlin Sedwick for Princeton University

By Caitlin Sedwick for the Princeton University Department of Molecular Biology

Through years of engineering gene-editing systems, researchers have developed a suite of tools that enable the modification of genomes in living cells, akin to genome surgery. These tools, including ones based on a natural system known as CRISPR/Cas9, offer enormous potential for addressing unmet clinical needs, underscored by the recent FDA approval of the first CRISPR/Cas9-based therapy. A relatively new approach called prime editing enables gene-editing with exceptional accuracy and high versatility, but has a critical tradeoff: variable and often low efficiency of edit installation. In other words, while prime edits can be made with high precision and few unwanted byproducts, the approach also often fails to make those edits at reasonable frequencies. In a paper that appeared in print in the journal Nature on April 18th, 2024, Princeton scientists Jun Yan and Britt Adamson, along with several colleagues, describe a more efficient prime editor.

Prime editing systems minimally consist of two components: a modified version of the protein element of CRISPR/Cas9 and a ribonucleic acid (RNA) molecule called a pegRNA. These components work together in several coordinated steps: First, the pegRNA binds the protein and guides the resulting complex to a desired location in the genome. There, the protein nicks the DNA and, using a template sequence encoded on the pegRNA, reverse transcribes an edit into the genome nearby. In this way, prime editors write exact sequences into targeted DNA.

"Prime editing is such an incredibly powerful genome editing tool because it gives us more control over exactly how genomic sequences are changed, Adamson said.

At the outset of their study, Adamson and Yan, a graduate student in Adamsons research group and the Department of Molecular Biology, reasoned that unknown cellular processes may aid or hinder prime editing. To identify such processes, Yan laid out a conceptually simple plan: First, he would engineer a cell line that would emit green fluorescence when certain prime edits were installed. Then, he would systematically block expression of proteins normally expressed within those cells and measure editing-induced fluorescence to determine which of those proteins impact prime editing. By executing this plan, the team identified 36 cellular determinants of prime editing, only one of whichthe small RNA-binding protein Lapromoted editing.

Although promoting prime editing is obviously not a normal function of the La protein, our experiments showed that it can strongly facilitate the process, Yan said.

Within cells, La is known to bind specific sequences often found at the ends of nascent small RNA molecules and it protects those RNAs from degradation. The Princeton team recognized right away that the pegRNAs deployed in Yans first experiments likely contained those exact sequences, called polyuridine tracts, as they are a typical but often overlooked byproduct of pegRNA expression in cells. Subsequent experiments suggested that such pegRNAs inadvertently harness Las end-binding activity for protection and to promote prime editing.

Motivated by their results, the team asked if fusing the part of La that binds polyuridine tracts to a standard prime editing protein could boost prime editing efficiencies. They were thrilled to find that the resulting protein, which they call PE7, substantially enhanced intended prime editing efficiencies across conditions and, when using some prime editing systems, left the frequencies of unwanted byproducts very low. Their results quickly drew the attention of colleagues interested in using prime editing in primary human cells, including Daniel Bauer at Boston Childrens Hospital and Harvard Medical School and Alexander Marson at the University of California, San Francisco. Together with scientists from these labs, the team of researchers went on to demonstrate that PE7 can also enhance prime editing efficiencies in therapeutically relevant cell types, offering expanded promise for future clinical applications.

"This work is a beautiful example of how deeply probing the inner workings of cells can lead to unexpected insights that may yield near-term biomedical impact, Bauer noted.

Citation: Jun Yan, Paul Oyler-Castrillo, Purnima Ravisankar, Carl C. Ward, Sbastien Levesque, Yangwode Jing, Danny Simpson, Anqi Zhao, Hui Li, Weihao Yan, Laine Goudy, Ralf Schmidt, Sabrina C. Solley, Luke A. Gilbert, Michelle M. Chan, Daniel E. Bauer, Alexander Marson, Lance R. Parsons & Britt Adamson.Improving prime editing with an endogenous small RNA-binding protein.Nature. 2024. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-024-07259-6

Funding for this work was provided by the National Institutes of Health (NIH) (R35GM138167, RM1HG009490, T32HG003284, DP2CA239597, UM1HG012660 [Princeton QCB training grant; NHGRI],and [T32GM007388 Princeton MOL training grant; NIGMS]); the Searle Scholars Program; thePrinceton Catalysis Initiative; CHDI Foundation; Princeton University; the Parker Institute for Cancer Immunotherapy (PICI); the Lloyd J. Old STAR award from the Cancer Research Institute (CRI); the Simons Foundation; the CRISPR Cures for Cancer Initiative; the Arc Institute; CRUK/NIH (OT2CA278665 and CGCATF-2021/100006); Pew-Stewart Scholars for Cancer Research award; the Doris Duke Foundation; the St Jude Childrens Research Hospital Collaborative Research Consortium; NHLBI (R01HL150669); the Fred Hutch Cooperative Center of Excellence in Hematology (U54 DK106829); the China Scholarship Council (CSC), based on the April 2015 Memorandum of Understanding between the CSC and Princeton University; the NCI (K00CA245718); and the Princeton University Flow Cytometry Resource Facility (NCI-CCSG P30CA072720-5921).

Experimental study

Improving prime editing with an endogenous small RNA-binding protein

3-Apr-2024

B.A. is an advisory board member with options for Arbor Biotechnologies and Tessera Therapeutics. B.A. holds equity in Celsius Therapeutics. L.A.G has filed patents on CRISPR tools and CRISPR functional genomics and is a co-founder of Chroma Medicine. A.M. is a co-founder of Arsenal Biosciences, Site Tx, Spotlight Therapeutics, and Survey Genomics, serves on the boards of directors at Site Tx, Spotlight Therapeutics and Survey Genomics, is a member of the scientific advisory boards of Arsenal Biosciences, Site Tx, Spotlight Therapeutics, Survey Genomics, NewLimit, Amgen, Tenaya, and Lightcast, owns stock in Arsenal Biosciences, Site Tx, Spotlight Therapeutics, NewLimit, Survey Genomics, PACT Pharma, Tenaya, and Lightcast, and has received fees from Arsenal Biosciences, Spotlight Therapeutics, Site Tx NewLimit, Survey Genomics, Gilead, 23andMe, PACT Pharma, Juno Therapeutics, Tenaya, Lightcast, Trizell, Vertex, Merck, Amgen, Genentech, AlphaSights, Rupert Case Management, Bernstein, GLG, ClearView Healthcare Partners, and ALDA. A.M. is an investor in and informal advisor to Offline Ventures and a client of EPIQ. The Marson Laboratory has received research support from Juno Therapeutics, Epinomics, Sanofi, GlaxoSmithKline, Gilead, and Anthem. C.C.W. and R.S. are co-founders of Site Tx. J.Y. and B.A. have filed a patent application on aspects of this work through Princeton University, and B.A. has previously filed other patents on CRISPR-based technologies. The remaining authors declare no competing interests.

Disclaimer: AAAS and EurekAlert! are not responsible for the accuracy of news releases posted to EurekAlert! by contributing institutions or for the use of any information through the EurekAlert system.

A small factor makes a big impact on genome editing - EurekAlert

DNA Synthesis Market to hit USD 20.5 Bn by 2032, says Global Market Insights Inc. – GlobeNewswire

Posted on April 24, 2024 by Dook Domini

Selbyville, Delaware, April 22, 2024 (GLOBE NEWSWIRE) -- DNA Synthesis Market size is expected to reach a remuneration of USD 20.5 billion by 2032. Rising advancements in biotechnology and genetic engineering across various research, diagnostic, and therapeutic applications will augment the industry growth.

Request for a sample of this research report @ https://www.gminsights.com/request-sample/detail/6000

With the rise of precision medicine and personalized healthcare, there is a growing need for custom-designed DNA sequences tailored to specific research objectives or patient requirements. For instance, in March 2024, global genomics solutions provider Integrated DNA Technologies (IDT) expanded its gene synthesis offerings by introducing a new custom vector onboarding tool. The advancing fields of synthetic biology and gene editing techniques, such as CRISPR-Cas9 have further propelled the demand for DNA synthesis, as researchers seek to engineer novel organisms and develop innovative therapies for various diseases.

Collaborations between academic institutions, biotechnology companies, and pharmaceutical firms are also facilitating the development of cutting-edge technologies and streamlined workflows in DNA synthesis. These partnerships foster innovation and knowledge exchange, driving advancements in the methodologies while expanding the repertoire of available synthetic DNA products. Furthermore, the increasing affordability and accessibility of DNA synthesis services, coupled with improvements in synthesis throughput and scalability are democratizing access to synthesized DNA for researchers worldwide.

Rising usage for diagnostics

DNA synthesis market share from the therapeutic application segment is slated to gain momentum through 2024-2032. This is driven by the increasing adoption of molecular diagnostics for disease detection and personalized treatment approaches. Custom-designed DNA sequences help in the development of molecular diagnostic tests, enabling precise detection of genetic mutations and biomarkers associated with various diseases. The advent of targeted therapies and gene editing technologies has also fueled the demand for synthesized DNA in therapeutic applications.

CRO segment to gain traction

The DNA synthesis market from the contract research organization (CRO) segment is expected to expand exponentially up to 2032. This is driven by specialized expertise and infrastructure for DNA synthesis services for catering to the diverse needs of pharmaceutical, biotechnology, and academic research institutions. These organizations possess state-of-the-art facilities equipped with high-throughput synthesis platforms and experienced scientific teams capable of delivering custom-designed DNA sequences with precision and efficiency. CROs also provide end-to-end solutions, including gene synthesis, cloning, and sequence verification, allowing clients to focus on their core research objectives while entrusting the synthesis process to specialized professionals.

Asia Pacific to emerge as a prominent industry

Asia Pacific DNA synthesis market is estimated to record significant valuation by 2032, attributed to the increasing investment in genomics research and biotechnology initiatives by governments and private enterprises across countries like China, Japan, and India. The rising prevalence of genetic disorders and infectious diseases in the region has spurred the demand for customized DNA sequences for diagnostic and therapeutic applications. Advancements in healthcare infrastructure and the growing adoption of precision medicine will further stimulate the regional industry growth.

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DNA Synthesis Industry Players

Some of the prominent DNA synthesis market players include Thermo Fisher Scientific, Inc., ELISA experts, Twist Bioscience, BOSTER antibody, Bioneer Corporation, ProteoGenix, Eton Bioscience, BIOMATIK, LGC Biosearch Technologies, ProMab Biotechnologies, IBA GmbH, Eurogentec, Eurofins Scientific, Quintara Biosciences OriGene Technologies, Inc., Integrated DNA Technologies, Inc.and GenScript Biotech Corporation.

These firms are focusing on partnership ventures and innovations to proliferate their product portfolio and customer base. To cite an instance, in August 2023, Genscript Biotech formed a strategic collaboration agreement with T-MAXIMUM Biotech to develop CAR-T cell therapy.

Partial Table of Contents (ToC) of the report:

Chapter 2Executive Summary

2.1 Global DNA synthesis market 360 synopsis, 2018 2032 2.1.1 Business trends 2.1.2 Regional trends 2.1.3 Service trends 2.1.4 Method trends 2.1.5 Application trends 2.1.6 End-use trends Chapter 3DNA Synthesis Industry Insights 3.1 Industry ecosystem analysis 3.2 Industry impact forces 3.2.1 Growth drivers 3.2.1.1Growing prevalence of diseases globally 3.2.1.2Rapid technology advancements in the field of synthetic biology 3.2.1.3Rising investments towards research and development(R&D) activities 3.2.2 Industry pitfalls & challenges 3.2.2.1Stringent government regulations and guidelines 3.2.2.2High cost, potential biosafety,biosecurity and ethical issues 3.3 Growth potential analysis 3.3.1 By service 3.3.2 By method 3.3.3 By application 3.3.4 By end use 3.4 COVID- 19 impact analysis 3.5 Regulatory landscape 3.5.1 U.S. 3.5.2 Europe 3.6 Porter's analysis 3.7 PESTEL analysis

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About Global Market Insights

Global Market Insights Inc., headquartered in Delaware, U.S., is a global market research and consulting service provider, offering syndicated and custom research reports along with growth consulting services. Our business intelligence and industry research reports offer clients with penetrative insights and actionable market data specially designed and presented to aid strategic decision making. These exhaustive reports are designed via a proprietary research methodology and are available for key industries such as chemicals, advanced materials, technology, renewable energy, and biotechnology.

Man had rare Covid infection that lasted 613 days, showed extensive mutations – South China Morning Post

Posted on April 24, 2024 by Dook Domini

Researchers from the Netherlands have reported an extremely long Covid-19 infection in a man who died last year and warn of the emergence of more dangerous variants of the coronavirus.

The elderly man, who was immunocompromised due to previous illnesses, was admitted to a hospital in Amsterdam in February 2022 with a Covid-19 infection, according to a statement.

He was continuously positive for the coronavirus until his death in October 2023 for a total of 613 days.

Other cases of very long infections in people whose immune systems were unable to adequately fight the virus have previously been reported.

01:29

Like drinking milk tea: China launches worlds first inhalable Covid vaccine

The researchers led by Magda Vergouwe from the University of Amsterdam plan to present the results at a congress of the European Society for Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases in Barcelona on April 27-30.

The case is also interesting for researchers because the coronavirus can change particularly strongly in such long-term infected people. This harbours the risk of variants of the virus emerging that can more easily overcome the immune systems of healthy people.

The researchers in the Netherlands repeatedly took samples from the man to analyse the genetic material of the coronavirus. They found a total of more than 50 mutations compared to the Omicron variant BA.1 that was circulating at the time, including those that would allow the virus to evade the immune defence.

Just 21 days after the man had received a certain anti-coronavirus drug, the virus also developed signs of resistance to it.

German with comically large number of Covid jabs 217 had no side effects

The man eventually died from a flare-up of one of his previous illnesses. As far as is known, he had not infected anyone with his mutated version of the coronavirus, also known under its scientific name Sars-CoV-2.

This case highlights the risk of new immune-evasive Sars-CoV-2 variants emerging in immunocompromised patients, the researchers are quoted as saying in the press release.

The extensive development of the virus in a single patient could lead to the emergence of unique variants, they warn.

It is important to closely monitor the evolution of the coronavirus in immunocompromised individuals. There is a risk that variants could emerge and spread in society that are less susceptible to the immune systems of healthy people, they added

Read the rest here:

Man had rare Covid infection that lasted 613 days, showed extensive mutations - South China Morning Post

Toxic: How the search for the origins of COVID-19 turned politically poisonous – Albuquerque Journal

Posted on April 24, 2024 by Dook Domini

BEIJING (AP) The hunt for the origins of COVID-19 has gone dark in China, the victim of political infighting after a series of stalled and thwarted attempts to find the source of the virus that killed millions and paralyzed the world for months.

The Chinese government froze meaningful domestic and international efforts to trace the virus from the first weeks of the outbreak, despite statements supporting open scientific inquiry, an Associated Press investigation found. That pattern continues to this day, with labs closed, collaborations shattered, foreign scientists forced out and Chinese researchers barred from leaving the country.

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Toxic: How the search for the origins of COVID-19 turned politically poisonous - Albuquerque Journal

Takeaways from AP report on how the search for the coronavirus origins turned toxic – goskagit.com

Posted on April 24, 2024 by Dook Domini

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Takeaways from AP report on how the search for the coronavirus origins turned toxic - goskagit.com

Takeaways from AP report on how the search for the coronavirus origins turned toxic – Idaho Press

Posted on April 24, 2024 by Dook Domini

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Takeaways from AP report on how the search for the coronavirus origins turned toxic - Idaho Press

Measles is more contagious than the coronavirus. And it’s back. – Columbia Missourian

Posted on April 24, 2024 by Dook Domini

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Measles is more contagious than the coronavirus. And it's back. - Columbia Missourian

COVID-19 Virus Outbreak Hong Kong | | smdailyjournal.com – San Mateo Daily Journal

Posted on April 24, 2024 by Dook Domini

The Chinese government froze meaningful efforts to trace the origins of the coronavirus pandemic, despite publicly declaring that it supported an open scientific inquiry, an Associated Press investigation has found. The AP drew on thousands of pages of undisclosed emails and documents, leaked recordings and dozens of interviews that showed the freeze began far earlier than previously known in the first weeks of the outbreak and involved political and scientific infighting in China as much as international finger-pointing. That pattern continues to this day, with labs closed, collaborations shattered, foreign scientists forced out and Chinese researchers barred from leaving the country.

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COVID-19 Virus Outbreak Hong Kong | | smdailyjournal.com - San Mateo Daily Journal

Europe’s A.I. ‘Champion’ Sets Sights on Tech Giants in U.S. – The New York Times

Posted on April 24, 2024 by Dook Domini

Arthur Mensch, tall and lean with a flop of unkempt hair, arrived for a speech last month at a sprawling tech hub in Paris wearing jeans and carrying a bicycle helmet. He had an unassuming look for a person European officials are counting on to help propel the region into a high-stakes match with the United States and China over artificial intelligence.

Mr. Mensch, 31, is the chief executive and a founder of Mistral, considered by many to be one of the most promising challengers to OpenAI and Google. You have become the poster child for A.I. in France, Matt Clifford, a British investor, told him onstage.

A lot is riding on Mr. Mensch, whose company has shot into the spotlight just a year after he founded it in Paris with two college friends. As Europe scrambles to get a foothold in the A.I. revolution, the French government has singled out Mistral as its best hope to create a standard-bearer, and has lobbied European Union policymakers to help ensure the firms success.

Artificial intelligence will be built rapidly into the global economy in the coming decade, and policymakers and business leaders in Europe fear that growth and competitiveness will suffer if the region does not keep up. Behind their worries is a conviction that A.I. should not be dominated by tech giants, like Microsoft and Google, that might forge global standards at odds with the culture and politics of other countries. At stake is the bigger question of which artificial intelligence models will wind up influencing the world, and how they should be regulated.

The issue with not having a European champion is that the road map gets set by the United States, said Mr. Mensch, who just 18 months ago was working as an engineer at Googles DeepMind lab in Paris, building A.I. models. His co-founders, Timothe Lacroix and Guillaume Lample, also in their 30s, held similar positions at Meta.

In an interview at Mistrals spartan, whitewashed offices facing the Canal Saint-Martin in Paris, Mr. Mensch said it wasnt safe to trust U.S. tech giants to set ground rules for a powerful new technology that would affect millions of lives.

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Europe's A.I. 'Champion' Sets Sights on Tech Giants in U.S. - The New York Times

Argentina’s populist president meets billionaire Elon Musk in Texas and a bromance is born – Idaho Press

Posted on April 16, 2024 by Dook Domini

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Argentina's populist president meets billionaire Elon Musk in Texas and a bromance is born - Idaho Press

SpaceX’s giant Starship will be 500 feet tall for Mars missions, Elon Musk says (video) – Space.com

Posted on April 16, 2024 by Dook Domini

SpaceX's Starship, the largest rocket in the world, will get even bigger as the company continues to target Mars missions in the future.

Elon Musk, the billionaire founder of SpaceX, told employees on April 4 that Starship will eventually be as tall as 500 feet (150 meters), roughly 20% higher than the massive system aboard the Super Heavy rocket right now.

What's more, advances in reusability will have each launch cost roughly $3 million each, Musk predicted; that's less than a third of what a (much smaller) Falcon 1 rocket launch cost in 2004 when inflation is taken into account. (The figure two decades ago was $5.9 million, according to NBC, which is roughly $9.5 million in 2024 dollars.)

"These are sort of unthinkable numbers," Musk said in the Starship update, released publicly April 6, roughly one month after the third and last test flight to date. "Nobody ever thought that this was possible, but we're not breaking any physics to achieve this. So this is within the bounds, without breaking physics. We can do this."

Related: SpaceX fires up huge Super Heavy booster ahead of 4th Starship test flight (photos, video)

Musk tends to deliver Starship updates at least once a year to highlight progress the company is making toward its long-term plans of settling Mars. Indeed, the last year has seen three Starship launches, so there has been progress made recently. Musk didn't, however, address delays in launching Starship that have contributed to pushing back the launch date for the first moon landing under the NASA-led Artemis program.

SpaceX was named the vendor for the Artemis 3 landing mission that, until recently, was set for 2025. In January, NASA elected to hold the launch date another year, to 2026, due to a range of technical issues. Aside from Starship not being ready the agency wants many successful launches before approving it for astronaut flights Artemis 3 was also delayed due to slow progress on spacesuits and problems with the mission's Orion spacecraft, among other factors.

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However, Musk's words about Artemis, to employees, focused on Starship's future capabilities: orbiting the Earth and refilling its tanks, both of which have yet to be proven on its three test flights.

"This will ... be very important for the Artemis program for the NASA to get back to the moon," Musk said of those capabilities. He also envisions a "Moon Base Alpha" that would include ships "specialized for going to and from the moon", meaning there would be no heat shield or flaps due to the lack of atmosphere.

Related: NASA celebrates SpaceX Starship's 3rd test flight, but more work needed ahead of Artemis moon missions

Musk's 45-minute speech touched on the usual themes for his Red Planet updates, focusing on how to send a lot of cargo out there for eventual settlers. He noted that would take thousands of launches to do; for perspective, Musk said the company has completed 327 successful Falcon series launches and about 80 percent of those had reused boosters (a key factor in reducing cost.)

SpaceX is by far the most active launching entity on Earth, and Musk forecasts the company will send roughly 90 percent of orbital mass aloft this year compared to China's 6 percent (the second-largest entity.)

Starship's next and fourth spaceflight attempt, expected to take place in May, aims to have the first stage of Super Heavy land "on essentially a virtual tower" in the Gulf of Mexico, Musk said. Once the company safely gets that done, they will consider using the launching area at Starbase, in south Texas, for future landings as soon as Flight 5. (Musk pegged the chances of success on Flight 4 at 80% or 90%.)

Musk also wants to perform two splashdowns of the upper stage of Starship in a row, in a controlled fashion, before sending it to Starbase on a future flight. "We do not want to rain debris over Mexico or the U.S.," he said. "My guess is probably next year when we will be able to reuse Starship."

Overall, Musk plans for multiple Starship launches to take place this year, and suggests SpaceX will build an additional six spacecraft by the end of 2024. A new rocket factory for the company should be available in 2025, which would make production even faster.

Future versions of Starship will include a "Starship 2" to send 100 tons of payload to low-Earth orbit and the 500-foot "Starship 3" for 200 or more tons. Bigger vehicles, Musk stressed, will mean fewer (four or five) refueling missions in low Earth orbit to get a Starship ready for the journey to Mars someday.

Of these milestones, Musk said it would be "very much a success-oriented schedule." His speech did not mention the Federal Aviation Administration, which must approve each one of the launches, nor ongoing criticism of the environmental impact of Starship on the ecologically sensitive area near Starbase.

That impact may continue to grow, as Musk said it would take roughly 10 launches a day to send hundreds of vehicles to Mars every two years (when the planet is closest) to make a long-term settlement feasible. As for the number of Mars-bound people, that would be roughly a million folks, he said that matches predictions he made at least as far back as 2017. Musk also says he wants to get the settlement going "in 20 years." He said the same thing in 2011.

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SpaceX's giant Starship will be 500 feet tall for Mars missions, Elon Musk says (video) - Space.com

NASA is seeking a faster, cheaper way to bring Mars samples to Earth – News-Press Now

Posted on April 16, 2024 by Dook Domini

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NASA is seeking a faster, cheaper way to bring Mars samples to Earth - News-Press Now

NASA seeks faster, cheaper way to bring Mars rocks to Earth – The Elkhart Truth

Posted on April 16, 2024 by Dook Domini

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NASA seeks faster, cheaper way to bring Mars rocks to Earth - The Elkhart Truth

This Week in Launch: A lonely SpaceX week – Space Explored

Posted on April 16, 2024 by Dook Domini

Image: Jared Locke / Space Explored

This week were only seeing three launches, all of which are from SpaceX and two of those are for Starlink missions out of Florida. About what we expect from a company doing the majority of Earths launch capability.

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Continuing their three week streak of launching three or more Falcon 9s a week, SpaceX once again has three rockets scheduled to launch this week. For what Ive seen, they are the only company currently attempting any launches in the next seven days.

A rare quiet week from China it is I guess.

The first mission will be a commercial flight for DigitalGlobe with two of its next generation Worldview Legion spacecrafts. Because of the light weight of these two spacecraft, the booster will be return to LZ-4 after launching.

Following this mission well be back to the status quo of Starlink flights from Florida. The most annoying part of all of this is that SpaceX is seemingly skipping over Starlink Group 6-50. Every manifest Ive looked at shows them launching 6-51 and -52 this weekend continuing on with -53.

Its not uncommon for Starlink missions to fly out of order, but this is the first Ive noticed them skipping a number entirely. What does this mean? Nothing, maybe, probably nothing.

Anyways, these three missions will bring SpaceX up to 42 total launches for 2024 and will continue to push that launch rate in the right direction to meet its 148 launch goal.

While I was traveling a few weeks ago, Elon Musk gave an update on SpaceXs goal to make life multi-planetary with its Starship rocket down at Starbase. While there wasnt a whole lot new, there were some things worth mentioning.

In case you were wondering, the state of SpaceXs martian colony goal is strong with Musk restating how important it is that humanity has a backup. Hes hoping in the next 20 years SpaceX will be able to launch regular missions to the Red Planet, hoping eventually make it self sustaining and independent from Earth.

To do this, SpaceX will need to get Starship operational and upgrade it. A Starship 2 version is already well talked about and construction of those ships is underway. Starship 2 will see slight extensions in its propellent tanks and various other improvements SpaceX has learned launching its first generation Starship rockets.

Starship 3 is where things will get crazy, drastically expanding the length of its tanks to be more than 500 feet tall. However, Musk states that more increases could come to Starship 3 depending on how Starship 2 does.

So if youre looking at Starship and thinking how can this get any bigger? Well, it can, and it probably will.

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This Week in Launch: A lonely SpaceX week - Space Explored

GGRAsia Over 425k visitor entries to Macau in Ching Ming period – GGRAsia

Posted on April 8, 2024 by Dook Domini

Apr 08, 2024 Newsdesk Latest News, Macau, Top of the deck

The number of tourist arrivals to Macau during a four-day period encompassing the Ching Ming Festival, stood at above 425,428, according to data released by the citys Public Security Police. The local authorities did not provide any year-on-year comparison.

On the day of the Ching Ming Festival this year April 4 Macau recorded a total of 136,363 visitor arrivals. In Macau, mainland China, and Hong Kong, that day also known as Tomb-Sweeping Day in English is a public holiday. The timing for it is calculated under the lunar calendar.

The mainland takes some additional days as public holiday during the period. There, the authorities had designated this years Ching Ming holiday period as running from April 4 (a Thursday) to April 6 (a Saturday) inclusive.

During the four days from April 4 to April 7 inclusive, Macau received an average of 106,357 visitors per day.

That was slightly above the daily average of 100,000 visitor arrivals observed during the four-day Easter period, from Friday (March 29) to Monday (April 1) inclusive. The aggregate of Macau arrivals for the March 29 to April 1 period inclusive was 406,329.

Regionally, Easter Monday is only a public holiday in Hong Kong, while Easter Friday is a holiday in Hong Kong and Macau. The Easter season is not a break period on the Chinese mainland.

Macau casinos equal post-pandemic revenue record in March – iGaming Business

Posted on April 8, 2024 by Dook Domini

Gambling revenue in Macau reached MOP19.50bn (1.02bn/2.25bn/$2.42bn) in March, the joint highest monthly total since before the pandemic.

Revenue was 53.1% higher thanMarch last yearand 5.4% ahead of MOP18.49 in Macau in February. The figure also equalled the post-pandemic high of MOP19.50bn that was posted inOctober 2023.

While this is good news for the region, Macaus casinos remain some way behind pre-Covid levels. Before the pandemic started, the Special Administrative Region would regularly produce monthly revenue in the mid MOP20.00bn range.

Revenue has not exceeded MOP20.00bn since January 2020, shortly before the pandemic started and restrictions were imposed.

Looking at the year to date, revenue in the first three months of 2024 reached MOP57.33bn. This is 65.5% ahead of MOP34.64bn at the same point in 2023.

It is also comfortably more than the MOP42.40bn generated inall of 2022. Full-year revenue for 2023 amounted toMOP183.1bn a 333.8% year-on-year increase.

Macau has been free of pandemic-related restrictions since January 2023 after China ended its zero-Covid policy.

This post-pandemic recovery is likely to continue in 2024. Last month, Fitch Ratings affirmed Macaus AA long-term foreign currency Issuer Default Rating (IDR), predicting the regions gaming industry torecover to nearly 80% of pre-pandemic levels in 2024.

Fitch also gave Macau a stable outlook as the regions economy continues to rebound from the pandemic.

Gross gaming revenue is forecast to be around 79.5% of 2019 levels in 2024, compared to 62.6% of pre-pandemic levels in 2023. Fitch is predicting revenue to be 7.6% higher than assumed in the budget.

Several leading Macau casino operators said the decision to remove pandemic measures helped their performances in 2023.

Among these brands isGalaxy Entertainment Group, which reported a 211.0% increase in revenue to HKD35.68bn. This, it said, was driven by the full reopening of the Macau market. Revenue at the Galaxy Macau alone rocketed 274.3% year-on-year in 2023, with gaming revenue here up 312.1%.

Elsewhere,Wynn Resortsalso said that this reopening boosted the business during 2023. Operations in Macau accounted for $3.10bn of all revenue up 329.7% year-on-year. Group revenue was 73.9% higher at $6.53bn.

Furthermore, Fitch pointed to Macaus strong rebound after the pandemic in predicting apositive financial outlook for Wynnin the longer term.

Also benefitting was MGM Resorts International, which reported a 23.7% rise in revenue to $16.20bn for 2023. MGM noted significant growth in Macau, with revenue rocketing 368.1% to $3.15bn.

Last week, MGM CEO and president Bill Hornbuckle attended the China Development Forum alongside a number of leading US executives to discuss the countrys relationship with China.

MGM Resorts International has been proud of our role in supporting US-China relations through increased bilateral travel and tourism, Hornbuckle said in aLinkedIn post. I was honoured to be part of the meeting convened by President Xi to discuss how to use these ties to strengthen the US-China relationship.

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Macau casinos equal post-pandemic revenue record in March - iGaming Business

Air Macau welcomes first of two wide-body aircrafts under plan to expand international network – Inside Asian Gaming

Posted on April 8, 2024 by Dook Domini

Air Macau has announced that the first wide-body aircraft to bne introduced to its fleet this year has arrived in Macau.

The A330-300 landed in Macau from Hangzhou on Sunday morning and flew to Beijing that afternoon, having been leased from Air China.

Air Macau said it plans to introduce a second wide-body aircraft in the second half of this year to operate medium- and long-haul routes, and to add Middle East destinations as part of efforts to expand its European network.

The company first revealed in January that it would introduce two wide-body aircraft this year to complement the development of Macaus aviation industry.

Air Macau introduced its first wide-body aircraft, the A300-600R wide-body aircraft, in 2006 after which time it launched the Taipei-Macau-Shanghai route. However, in 2007 the aircraft was converted into a freighter.

There are currently 26 airlines operating out of Macau International Airport, with routes covering 23 destinations in mainland China, three destinations in Taiwan and 17 international destinations. The passenger market distribution is 46% from mainland China, 16% from Taiwan and 38% from international markets.

Macau International Airport Corporation Limited (CAM) said recently that it would invest more resources into creating incentives for airlines to operate international and medium- and long-haul direct routes.

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Air Macau welcomes first of two wide-body aircrafts under plan to expand international network - Inside Asian Gaming

Space exploration and colonisation: US, China, Russia and others | TheCable – TheCable

Posted on February 27, 2024 by Dook Domini

Space exploration is dynamic and developments have been ongoing over the years with several countries actively engaged in space exploration; and have demonstrated interest in the long-term goal of space colonization. Three prominent countries at the fore of space exploration and showing interest in colonization include the United States, China, and Russia.

The United States, NASA (National Aeronautics and Space Administration), has played a lead role in space exploration since when it was established in 1958. They have a rich history of crewed space missions, which included the Apollo moon landings. In recent years, NASA has paid more attention to projects some of which are:

These are just a few, and NASA is working on various other scientific missions, technological advancements, and international collaborations. For the latest updates and detailed information, its recommended to visit NASAs official website and follow their press releases and mission updates.

Private Companies: SpaceX, or Space Exploration Technologies Corp., founded by Elon Musk in 2002, is a private aerospace manufacturer and space transportation company. They have been driving interesting activity in various space exploration initiatives. This is aimed at revolutionizing space travel and making it more accessible. Some space exploration activities and projects that SpaceX has been working on include:

Another country doing some work is China. China National Space Administration (CNSA) has been actively working on space exploration with some achievements under its belt. It is noteworthy to mention that the space industry is evolving rapidly. Here are some major areas of Chinas space exploration efforts:

Furthermore, the Russian Roscosmos has a long history in space exploration, with a rich history of achievements dating back to the era of the Soviet Union. Here are some major areas of Roscosmoss space exploration efforts:

Besides, several African countries have shown an increasing interest in space exploration and have taken steps to develop their space capabilities. It is important to say that Africas involvement in space activities varies among its countries. Here are some major aspects of space exploration in Africa:

While these examples demonstrate the progress made by some African countries in space exploration, it is important to recognize that the level of involvement varies across the continent, and yes more work can be done through private organizations active involvement. Collaboration and the sharing of resources and expertise have been major conversations in promoting Africas presence in space exploration. Continued efforts and investments are likely to shape Africas role in future space activities.

In conclusion, while space exploration has led to numerous benefits and advancements, some challenges need to be addressed, including cost, environmental impact, and ethical considerations. Continued international collaboration and responsible exploration practices are crucial for ensuring the sustainable development of space activities.

Thank you for the investment in time, and I am open to conversations on furthering these thoughts. To be notified each time I publish a new post, follow my Medium: https://medium.com/@roariyo and LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/in/olufemi-ariyo-923ba6130/ or send an email to [emailprotected]

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Space exploration and colonisation: US, China, Russia and others | TheCable - TheCable

Whites must feel the direct pain from white supremacy – The Philadelphia Tribune

Posted on February 27, 2024 by

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Whites must feel the direct pain from white supremacy - The Philadelphia Tribune

US moon lander launched half century after last Apollo lunar mission – The Jerusalem Post

Posted on February 19, 2024 by Dook Domini

A moon lander built by Houston-based aerospace company Intuitive Machines was launched from Florida early on Thursday on a mission to conduct the first US lunar touchdown in more than a half century and the first by a privately owned spacecraft.

The company's Nova-C lander, dubbed Odysseus, lifted off shortly after 1 a.m. EST (0600 GMT) atop a Falcon 9 rocket flown by Elon Musk' SpaceX from NASA's Kennedy Space Center in Cape Canaveral.

A live NASA-SpaceX online video feed showed the two-stage, 25-story rocket roaring off the launch pad and streaking into the dark sky over Florida's Atlantic coast, trailed by a fiery yellowish plume of exhaust.

The launch, previously set for Wednesday morning, was postponed for 24 hours because of irregular temperatures detected in liquid methane used in the lander's propulsion system. SpaceX said the issue was later resolved.

Although considered an Intuitive Machines mission, the IM-1 flight is carrying six NASA payloads of instruments designed to gather data about the lunar environment ahead of NASA's planned return of astronauts to the moon later this decade.

Thursday's launch came a month after the lunar lander of another private firm, Astrobotic Technology, suffered a propulsion system leak on its way to the moon shortly after being placed in orbit on Jan. 8 by a United Launch Alliance (ULA) Vulcan rocket making its debut flight.

The failure of Astrobotic's Peregrine lander, which was also flying NASA payloads to the moon, marked the third time a private company had been unable to achieve a "soft landing" on the lunar surface, following ill-fated efforts by companies from Israel and Japan.

Those mishaps illustrated the risks NASA faces in leaning more heavily on the commercial sector than it had in the past to realize its spaceflight goals.

Plans call for Intuitive Machines' Nova-C vehicle, a hexagonal cylinder with four legs, to reach its destination after about a weeklong flight on Feb. 22 for a landing at crater Malapert A near the moon's south pole.

If successful, the flight would represent the first controlled descent to the lunar surface by a US spacecraft since the final Apollo crewed moon mission in 1972, and the first by a private company.

The feat also would mark the first journey to the lunar surface under NASA's Artemis moon program, as the US races to return astronauts to Earth's natural satellite before China lands its own crewed spacecraft there.

IM-1 is the latest test of NASA's strategy of paying for the use of spacecraft built and owned by private companies to slash the cost of the Artemis missions, envisioned as precursors to human exploration of Mars.

By contrast, during the Apollo era, NASA bought rockets and other technology from the private sector, but owned and operated them itself.

NASA announced last month that it was delaying its target date for a first crewed Artemis moon landing from 2025 to late 2026, while China has said it was aiming for 2030.

Small landers such as Nova-C are expected to get there first, carrying instruments to closely survey the lunar landscape, its resources and potential hazards. Odysseus will focus on space weather interactions with the moon's surface, radio astronomy, precision landing technologies and navigation.

Intuitive Machine's IM-2 mission is scheduled to land at the lunar south pole in 2024, followed by an IM-3 mission later in the year with several small rovers.

Last month, Japan became the fifth country to place a lander on the moon, with its space agency JAXA achieving an unusually precise "pinpoint" touchdown of its SLIM probe last month. Last year, India became the fourth nation to land on the moon, after Russia failed in an attempt the same month.

The United States, the former Soviet Union and China are the only other countries that have carried out successful soft lunar touchdowns. China scored a world first in 2019 by achieving the first landing on the far side of the moon.

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US moon lander launched half century after last Apollo lunar mission - The Jerusalem Post

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Tag Archives: china

A small factor makes a big impact on genome editing – EurekAlert

DNA Synthesis Market to hit USD 20.5 Bn by 2032, says Global Market Insights Inc. – GlobeNewswire

Man had rare Covid infection that lasted 613 days, showed extensive mutations – South China Morning Post

Toxic: How the search for the origins of COVID-19 turned politically poisonous – Albuquerque Journal

Takeaways from AP report on how the search for the coronavirus origins turned toxic – goskagit.com

Takeaways from AP report on how the search for the coronavirus origins turned toxic – Idaho Press

Measles is more contagious than the coronavirus. And it’s back. – Columbia Missourian

COVID-19 Virus Outbreak Hong Kong | | smdailyjournal.com – San Mateo Daily Journal

Europe’s A.I. ‘Champion’ Sets Sights on Tech Giants in U.S. – The New York Times

Argentina’s populist president meets billionaire Elon Musk in Texas and a bromance is born – Idaho Press

SpaceX’s giant Starship will be 500 feet tall for Mars missions, Elon Musk says (video) – Space.com

NASA is seeking a faster, cheaper way to bring Mars samples to Earth – News-Press Now

NASA seeks faster, cheaper way to bring Mars rocks to Earth – The Elkhart Truth

This Week in Launch: A lonely SpaceX week – Space Explored

GGRAsia Over 425k visitor entries to Macau in Ching Ming period – GGRAsia

Macau casinos equal post-pandemic revenue record in March – iGaming Business

Air Macau welcomes first of two wide-body aircrafts under plan to expand international network – Inside Asian Gaming

Space exploration and colonisation: US, China, Russia and others | TheCable – TheCable

Whites must feel the direct pain from white supremacy – The Philadelphia Tribune

US moon lander launched half century after last Apollo lunar mission – The Jerusalem Post