Hydraulic Cylinder Calculation

Hi every visitor ! I am designing one Plate bending machine, it has 125mm Thk. M.S. plate upto 7000mm width bending capacity, this will be three roll bending machine which will bend a pre bended plate ends. Main top roll Diameter is 800mm, and bottom two roll diameter is 700mm, i am going to use hyd

Open vs Closed System and Products

On the manufacturing side, engineers have said for decades that proprietary software and hardware design drives up costs. So, can we convince OEMs that following an Open System protocol can be worth it economically? Perhaps we can take a tip from the consumer appliance sector; enter Google and its n

Crusading for Wind Off Cape Cod

The 10-year debate over the Cape Wind project proposed for Nantucket Sound, MA, will come to a head in April when a final decision is issued by the U.S. Secretary of the Interior. The 420 MW capacity system includes 130 turbines to generate 75% of Cape Cod's power needs. Lawsuits brought by opponent

Is High-Speed Rail Good Stimulus?

That depends on your criterion for good stimulus. 

If the only requirement is that the government write checks to people who are nominally employed, then building high-speed rail is great - but so is paying people to dig ditches and fill them up.

If the requirement is also that stimulus projects pass a standard cost-benefit test, then high-speed rail does not appear to measure up:

In the face of high energy prices and concerns about global warming, environmentalists and planners offer high-speed rail as an environmentally friendly alternative to driving and air travel. California, Florida, the Midwest, and other parts of the country are actively considering specific high-speed rail plans.

Close scrutiny of these plans reveals that they do not live up to the hype. As attractive as 110-to 220-mile-per-hour trains might sound, even the most optimistic forecasts predict they will take few cars off the road. At best, they will replace for profit private commuter airlines with heavily subsidized public rail systems that are likely to require continued subsidies far into the future.

Nor are high-speed rail lines particularly environmentally friendly. Planners have predicted that a proposed line in Florida would use more energy and emit more of some pollutants than all of the cars it would take off the road. California planners forecast that high-speed rail would reduce pollution and greenhouse gas emissions by a mere 0.7 to 1.5 percent—but only if ridership reached the high end of projected levels. Lower ridership would nullify energy savings and pollution reductions.

I have nothing against government infrastructure spending in principle.  But since interest groups like construction companies and unions have a strong incentive to oversell the benefits of these projects, while the green lobby has a religious hatred of cars, we should not be surprised if dispassionate analyses finds that the cost-benefit case for these projects is lacking.

Could Tony Rezko, Blagojevich make a come-back as key issues for 2010?

The Old Chicago Gang back together again

by Eric Dondero

High political drama coming out of Chicago this week. It's almost like something straight out of an HBO series.

The Democrats appear to be on the verge of nominating a Tony Rezko (photo w/Obama) friend and confidante as their Senate nominee in Illinois. Alexi Giannoulias (photo - right) is a snazzy guy. A consumate back-slapper, he's well-liked and popular among the Chicago set. The Democrat machine is pleased cause he's got a proven ability to raise the big bucks. But he's also got a decidedly shady past, stemming from questionable land deals, loans, and past associations with convicted criminals.

From the Washington Post, Jan. 31:

CHICAGO -- Not a good week for the Democrats here trying to hang on to President Obama's old Senate seat.

The party's leading contender -- state Treasurer Alexi Giannoulias -- has spent these last precious days before Tuesday's primary scrambling to explain why regulators have targeted his struggling family bank for greater oversight. Giannoulias, once a senior lending officer at Broadway Bank, is being pressed relentlessly by his Democratic rivals and the media about his role in the bank's woes.

In an interview, Giannoulias played down the impact the bank's problems could have on his campaign, noting that "these are challenging times for community banks, and my family is not immune." But the news lands on an electorate highly suspicious of banks, and in a state yet to recover from former Democratic governor Rod Blagojevich's indictment on charges he tried to sell this very Senate seat to political contributors after Obama was elected president. He finally appointed Roland Burris, who will not run for the seat
Giannoulias said he hasn't worked at the bank in four years. Still, both Kirk and Democratic rivals have pointed out that large loans were made to people with questionable reputations on his watch, including convicted felon Tony Rezko.

Back in October of 2008, long before any thoughts of a Giannoulias candidacy for US Senate, reporter Rick Moran did some investigating. From American Thinker, Oct. 11, 2008:

Rezko is not necessarily a problem for Obama. But one of the convicted fraudster's cronies might be:

It is the Giannoulias family and their ownership of The Broadway Bank. Specifically, the bank's vice president and chief loan officer Alexi Giannoulias who has, to put it mildly, a rather checkered history:

A man who has long been dogged by charges that the bank his family owns helped finance a Chicago crime figure will host a Windy City fund-raiser tonight for Sen. Barack Obama.

Alexi Giannoulias, who became Illinois state treasurer last year after Obama vouched for him, has pledged to raise $100,000 for the senator's Oval Office bid.

Before he promised to raise funds for Obama, Giannoulias bankrolled Michael "Jaws" Giorango, a Chicagoan twice convicted of bookmaking and promoting prostitution.

Giannoulias is so tainted by reputed mob links that several top Illinois Dems, including the state's speaker of the House and party chairman, refused to endorse him even after he won the Democratic nomination with Obama's help.

And this from the Chicago Tribune via Citizen Wells:

In the 2006 Democratic primary, for example, Obama endorsed first-time candidate Alexi Giannoulias for state treasurer despite reports about loans Giannoulias’ family-owned Broadway Bank made to crime figures. Records show Giannoulias and his family had given more than $10,000 to Obama’s campaign, which banked at Broadway.”

Back to the Post:

Republicans are relishing that the trial of the ever-colorful Blagojevich is expected to start in June and could create an unwelcome circus for Democrats.

Should Giannoulias win on Tuesday, the corruption issue will certainly become front and center in the Illinois Senate race, and could virtually hand the seat to Mark Kirk and the GOP. But the ramifications stretch far wider. With Giannoulias as a poster boy Democrat Senate nominee in a major state right in the middle of America's Heartland, Republicans could make hay of the corruption issue in Senate races nationwide.

Illinois Senate: Mark Kirk, not perfect, but acceptable choice for fiscal conservatives and even GOP libertarians

Votes for Taxpayers 58% of the time

by Eric Dondero

The big news in the political world until Wednedsay will be out of Illinois. The State is the first to hold absurdly early primaries. The Republican side is pretty certain.

Moderate-to-conservate GOPer Mark Kirk looks all but certain to lock up the nomination. He's way out ahead in the polls over his staunchly conservative challenger, Paul Hughes.

Kirk is a four-term Congressman from the North Shore. He's also a longtime Naval Veteran, with two tours in Afghanistan under his belt. Conservatives are suspicious, mainly due to his moderately pro-choice stance on abortion and middle-of-the-road on gay rights. But he's a good fit for socially moderate Illinois. From the Washington Post:

Democrats will portray Kirk as a Washington "insider" and a "flip-flopper" who veered to the right to satisfy conservatives to win the primary.

This is the first primary in a series of states where moderate Republicans are being pushed to the right by the conservative "tea party" movement, raising GOP concerns that winning primary candidates will find it difficult to return to the middle for the general election.

Ironically, the Dems plan to hit him as a "Sarah Palin-ite." Continuing:

Democrats have criticized Kirk for soliciting support from Sarah Palin...

Still, social conservatives, most notably radio talk show host Laura Ingraham, have been crusading against Kirk, and for their choice little-known challenger Patrick Hughes.

GayPatriot reminds fellow Republicans:

Kirk did vote against the “stimulus” and against Obamacare. He may not be as good as Hughes, but he’s better than whatever Democrat the president’s party nominates...

[He's] not ideal, but then again, Scott Brown is not ideologically ideal... [With Kirk, we'll] have someone voting for you 60% of the time, instead of voting against you 90% of the time.

And although Kirk is not a favorite among social conservatives, he has some other support on the Hard Right. Chicago Libertarian stalwart Jeff Wartman is supporting him. From Libertarian Republican, Jan. 12:

While it’s true that many social reactionary Republicans will oppose Congressman Kirk based on a small amount of fringe issues, the fact of the matter remains that Congresman Kirk has been helping to lead the fight to oppose the Democrats national takeover of health care, reduce the deficit, cut taxes, and keep our country safe.

On the latter, Kirk takes a firm stance on a key national security issue: He is one of the most vocal opponents to Obama's "Illinois Gitmo" plan. (See video House floor speech)

Here's the bottom line: Mark Kirk scores an all-time 48 on ACU and a 58 on NTU. The American Conservative Union score includes social issues. So, from a purely libertarian/socially moderate perspective, a 48 score is not so bad. National Taxpayers Union is more reflective of libertarian thought. And a 58 score, is decent, particularly considering this is Illinois. And his "Yes" votes came on some very key Tax legislation:

* Capital Gains & Income Tax cuts

* Eliminating Estate Tax

* Making Bush Tax Cuts permanent

* Providing Tax Relief and Simplification

* Eliminate the Marriage Tax Penalty

Now compare that 58% score to the last available scorer on NTU for the Illinois Senate seat, which was a lowly 5%. No, that lowly score does not belong to Roland Burris. It's too soon to index his votes. But rather, to Burris's predecessor Senator Barack Hussein Obama.

Obviously, replacing Obama/Burris with Kirk, and going from 5% to 58% would be a significant improvement.

What causes skin cancer


There are a few major causes of skin cancer, but by far the most over-riding is excessive or constant over-exposure to ultraviolet (most often known as “UV”) radiation form the sun. Many people forget that the sun’s energy is actually a type of radiation and it consists of both visible and invisible rays. Invisible infrared radiation is what makes the sunlight feel hot. Ultraviolet rays are also invisible, and these are what precipitate both sun tans and skin cancer. This is where the sun tan myth should be entirely exploded: Many people, especially in Western cultures, have-for a protracted period of time-prize sun tans as visible manifestations of health and wellness.

In fact, nothing could be further from the truth. Consider the earlier statement that UV rays cause the skin to tan and you begin to realize what is actually happening. A sun tan actually denotes damaged, burned skin, and this will affect the cells, damaging DNA which is the genetic material that comprises genes. This, in the case of severe genetic damage, causes the otherwise normal skin cell to grow in a disorder and uncontrolled way – which is a prime function of cancer cells – and this is what has made incidents of skin cancer rise steeply in many western countries. There are two different kinds of ultraviolet ration, and these are ultraviolet A (UVA) and Ultraviolet B (UVB). Where once scientists believed that over-exposure to UVB rays was the principal cause of skin cancer they now believe that AVA is also implicated. This is why it is so important to cover exposed skin and apply effective sunblock products in order to protect your skin when the sun is at its strongest.

Having said this there are other factors that may herald the onset of skin cancer, among them are hereditary causes which is why people with instances of skin cancer in their family history should be extra careful. In such cases skin cancer is caused by a child’s abnormal genes that are inherited from their parents. When taking UV factors and the fashionable trend for desiring sun tans into account people should also consider the use of tanning booths, which are also heavily implicated in instances of skin cancer.

Impairment of the immune system, called immunosuppression, can also make a person more prone. In such cases the immune system, the mechanism that protects the body from foreign matter such as germs, ceases to function properly and thus leaves the body more susceptible to infections and diseases. This may happen as a result of other illnesses or due to medicines taken to fight auto-immune diseases. People that have had an unusually high number of x-rays or exposure to radioactive or immunosuppressing chemicals are also at greater risk, as are those who come into frequent contact with certain chemicals such as arsenic. Such people may include farmers and miners. Those with fair skin that freckle easily or with light colored hair (blond or red) are also in a higher risk category for skin cancer and should exercise greater caution in the sun.

Battery Charger Ripple content

We have a 24V Battery charger supplying around 400 Amps DC load and also giving the float charge to the back up battery bank in Constant Voltage mode. This charger is more than 15yrs old. The present problem is that the ripple content is very high and the Instrumentation team is apprehensive that th

Birding by Ear and Habitat

Posted by David McRee at BlogTheBeach.com
My alarm clock went off at 4:05 this morning. I was to meet Paddy Cunningham-Pascatore and the rest of our group for a pre-sunrise Space Coast Birding Festival field trip in the bird-rich Merritt Island National Wildlife Refuge (MINWR).
It was pitch black when I arrived in the parking lot of [...]

The Earth’s Satellites, Visualized By Nation [Satellites]

As data visualization has become more popular, bad infographics have started to crop up more and more frequently. Thankfully, we can always rely on Michael Paukner to make very, very good ones. Here he shows the satellites orbiting our planet.

Russia, as you might expect, has a whole lot of satellites that are no longer functioning. China is responsible for a surprisingly large amount of tiny space trash, though I'm not exactly clear on what that is. America, of course, is responsible for the largest amount of space trash.

Seeing how many broken satellites remain in orbit instantly reminded me of the scene in Wall-E in which the Earth of the future is seen enveloped in a layer of orbiting techno-trash. Let's hope it doesn't come to that.

Michael Paukner has a lot of other awesome stuff, space-related and otherwise, so check out his Flickr if you're interested. [Michael Paukner via We Love Dataviz]


The World’s Oldest Swiss Army Knife [Multitools]

This could very well be the world's first Swiss Army Knife. Bearing a striking resemblance to modern multi-tools, it has at least six distinct functions and originates from the Roman Empire circa 200 A.D.

If our multi-tools today, with their screwdrivers, pliers, and the rest, center on fixing things, this Roman predecessor is more useful for enjoying the pleasures of food. The tool includes a spike which historians think was used to snag snails out of their shells. A hook-like spatula is thought to have helped coax sauce out of the bottle.

Of course, the device also includes a fork, spoon, and knife for mealtime, as well as a toothpick to clean up your grill afterward. Amazingly, all of these tools appear to fold into the handle to keep everything compact, just like Swiss Army Knives and Leatherman multi-tools we use today.

The tool was found in the Mediterranean area nearly twenty years ago, so technically it's not Swiss at all, and it predates the modern Swiss Army Knife, invented in 1897, by nearly 1,800 years.

This very old gadget is currently being exhibited as part of a collection of Greek and Roman artifacts at the Fitzwilliam Museum in Cambridge, England. [Daily Mail]