Diagnosing Autism Remains Difficult | Video

Michelle San Miguel | 6/9/2012 Many young children develop autism in their early years. Although researchers are learning more about the disorder, it remains difficult to diagnose. As two mothers in North Dakota discovered, the disorder is not clear-cut and, in some cases, it can take several trips to the doctor before a diagnosis is given.

Not many people pass through this small town in south-central North Dakota. And that`s just how the people of Fredonia like it. The town`s youngest resident is just three-years-old. And it`s not just his age that sets him apart.

"He has autism. Nobody else around us has it," said Brandy Kracke of her three-year-old son.

Kracke says she knew her son, whose name she asked KFYR-TV not to mention, wasn`t developing normally when he was just four-months-old. That`s when he stopped making noises. She drove him to doctors around the state, making stops in Jamestown, Fargo and Minot. Kracke says doctors there couldn`t figure out what was wrong with her son.

"He kept telling us boys develop later than girls so it`s nothing to worry about. His speech will come. He`ll go back to how he was. Not a big deal," said Kracke in response to what a doctor told her about her son.

Mindy Iverson of Bismarck also had trouble getting her four-year-old son Jack diagnosed with autism. Like Kracke, she heard much of the same information.

"A lot of people just were like oh he`s just a boy. You have too high expectations for him. Stop comparing him to others and so I would kind of then oh yeah I am. I`m trying to have you know this super child here. Just let him be who he is and he`ll develop," Iverson said.

But both moms persisted that something wasn`t right with their children. Kracke suspected her son may have autism and spent hours online learning more about the warning signs of the disorder.

Kracke said, "We needed to keep pushing because it was well suspected that it was autism. And we knew that the critical years to get him the help he needed was before he turned three."

Last October a Bismarck doctor gave Kracke the diagnosis she long suspected was the case. "It took eight minutes for him to tell us he has autism and there was no question in his mind," Kracke said.

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Diagnosing Autism Remains Difficult | Video

How to be a Village for an Autism mom this Mother’s Day

SIMI VALLEY, Calif., May 11, 2012 /PRNewswire/ -- Autism expert Lynette Louise of Brain and Body agrees that every mom deserves to be pampered and recognized on Mother's Day. For parenting partners and kids this is a great opportunity to prove that you appreciate the lengths mom goes to every day, by helping out for one! Unfortunately, moms of autism often get less pampered because families and friends aren't sure what to do.

Global autism expert, and more importantly, autism mom and individual Lynette Louise, would love to offer some simple suggestions!

Neighbors and Strangers: #1 Think 'Isn't that child beautiful!?' #2 Think 'Isn't that mom awesome!?' #3 Think 'How can I help?' #4 Don't think. Act! Open a door, push a cart, carry a bag, smile!

In-Laws and Extended Relatives: Hire a cleaning lady that uses all natural products and send her to clean-up the mess after Mother's Day.

Siblings: Engage in your special sib's favorite game of repetitive behavior for at least an hour, and laugh a lot!

Parenting Partner: Do ALL the child rearing for the day and then both of you go out to supper. (If the in-laws don't do their job, hire a maid to clean-up the mess. If you can't afford one, involve all the kids and do it yourselves.)

Best Friend: Take her and her special child out while the house gets cleaned.

MOM: Relax and trust your friends and family to do it all! You deserve a day!

Some of these tips and tricks (ie think wonderfully, smile and play favorite game with special sib) will make everyone feel more comfortable every day of the year. Surprisingly they also have the ability to help guide your children in skill acquisition and social comfort. Let Mother's Day be an excuse to begin making those simple, brain-changing adjustments! According to Lynette, "Sooner is better than later, though later is MUCH better than not at all."

Lynette Louise raised eight children four of them were on the spectrum of autism.She was able to guide all but one out of autism and into independence.Lynette travels internationally, performing and speaking on the subject of autism and the efficacy of neurofeedback (biofeedback for the brain).A doubly board-certified PhD candidate at UNM: College of Psychophysiology, she is the author of the inspirational and honest new book MIRACLES ARE MADE: A Real Life Guide to Autism and host of the WebTalk.net radio show A NEW SPIN ON AUTISM: ANSWERS!Her one-woman musical comedy show CRAZY TO SANE raises awareness -- and laughter --around the world.

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Autism-friendly ‘Guys and Dolls’ at Saratoga Civic Theatre

Live theater is something many people find enjoyable and stimulating, but for those with sensory defects it can be uncomfortable and even painful.

Now South Bay Musical Theatre is offering an autism-friendly performance during its upcoming run of Guys and Dolls.

The performance takes place on May 31 at 7:30 p.m. and marks the first effort of a Bay Area theater company to offer an autism-friendly show.

In October 2011, Disney Theatrical Productions worked with the nonprofit Theatre Development Fund to stage an autism-friendly performance of The Lion King on Broadway in New York. It was so successful it is doing a second staging of the show in September; at the end of April it did a performance of Mary Poppins.

The SBMT production is at the urging of Anita Hsiung Carey, a vocal director and pianist with the theater company.

Carey's 8-year-old son has severe autism, but enjoys attending rehearsals with his mother.

Knowing how much he enjoys the rehearsals made Carey suggest the company try doing the special performance.

During the May 31 performance, house lights will be brighter, there will be no strobe lights, the sound will be lowered and audience members will be able to walk around the theater and talk during the show. Extra staff will be on hand to help.

Tickets for the special performance are $20 for adults and $10 for children. SBMT is donating proceeds from that show to Wings Learning Center, which

Regular performances of Guys and Dolls run May 19 to June 9 at Saratoga Civic Theatre, 13777 Fruitvale Ave., Saratoga. For information and tickets to any of the performances visit http://www.southbaymt.com or call 408.266.4724.

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Autism, ADHD, and children’s learning — insights from Psychological Science

Public release date: 3-May-2012 [ | E-mail | Share ]

Contact: Anna Mikulak amikulak@psychologicalscience.org 202-293-9300 Association for Psychological Science

Critical issues in learning, ADHD and autism will be explored during the Association for Psychological Science annual convention in Chicago, from May 23 to the 27th. Leaders in the field studying attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, autism spectrum disorders, learning, and childhood development will present the latest in psychological science research that will shed light on treatment options, disorder management, memory and school performance.

There will be two major offerings in ADHD research.

Four experts on ADHD will present current research, and discuss future directions for treating and assessing the disorder. Howard Berenbaum from the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign and Arnaud Rey from Aix-Marseille University, France will moderate the session. Friday, May 25, 2012 10:30 AM 11:50 AM Chicago Ballroom X

Children with ADHD typically have great difficulty in both following and creating linear narratives. What does this reveal about the disorder and how can the creation of narratives actually address some of the problems that these children encounter in school? Richard S. Milich from the University of Kentucky has focused on this subject and will discuss the academic difficulties of children with ADHD and how they are connected to the difficulty that they have in creating coherent narratives.

Richard S. Milich, Professor of Psychology, University of Kentucky millich@email.uky.edu

The brain chemistry of children with ADHD will be discussed by Tiago V. Maia from Columbia University. What neurotransmitters are involved in producing the cognitive and behavioral symptoms that characterize this disorder? No one knows for sure, but by using a computer simulation of the role of norepinephrine in attention, these researchers found that low levels of norepinephrine produce many of ADHD's symptoms.

Tiago V. Maia, Assistant Professor of Clinical Neurobiology, Columbia University MaiaT@columbia.edu

The part of our brain that keeps us organized, that helps us prioritize various situations with order and agility is known as executive function. One characteristic of children with ADHD is that the part of their brain responsible for executive functioning is compromised. As a result, when they should react with speed and clarity, they respond slowly and with uncertainty. But executive function is not simply a single process. By isolating response times into different components, Cynthia Huang-Pollock from Pennsylvania State University teases out the connections between poor executive function performance and the response times. This connection can lead to new understanding about ADHD and may lead to new strategies for treating the disorder.

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Autism, ADHD, and children's learning -- insights from Psychological Science

Carino’s Italian Raises $50,000 for Autism Speaks and Autism Society With Dollar Donation From Every Kid’s Meal …

AUSTIN, TX--(Marketwire -05/07/12)- Carino's Italian today announced that it successfully reached its goal to raise $50,000 for Autism Speaks and Autism Society by selling 50,000 kid's meals at participating restaurants in April, National Autism Awareness Month. Both organizations will split the charitable contribution 50-50, which will be made through the Carino's Foundation, the restaurant's charitable giving arm.

"We are thankful to all our guests for making our fundraising effort for autism a success," said Creed Ford III, CEO of Carino's Italian. "For the third consecutive year, the Carino's Foundation has made it a mission to raise money for autism. Our financial contribution is able to support two organizations that are fighting this growing epidemic in our country, which now affects 1 in 88 children, according to the latest CDC figures that were released."

The Austin, Texas-based restaurant chain will continue to shine a light on autism by having a presence at all of the Walk Now for Autism Speaks events in Texas throughout the year. The Carino's Foundation blog at http://carinos.com/cares posted a series of touching stories about the Autism Society's Autism Champions throughout April.

"Carino's commitment to raising funds and awareness for autism is an example of what businesses can do to make a difference in people's lives," said Pat Robbins, Texas Areas Director for Autism Speaks. "We are honored to be one of the beneficiaries of its continued generosity."

"The Autism Society was honored to work with Carino's to highlight the people who make a difference in the communities we serve nationwide," said Scott Badesch, Autism Society President and COO. "Thanks to Carino's, not only will the national office have more funds for programs, but Autism Society chapters in Carino's communities will also benefit from the foundation's generosity."

Carino's Italian's kid's meals are all less than 500 calories. It was the first casual Italian dining restaurant chain to offer healthy kid's meals.

About Carino's ItalianHeadquartered in Austin, Texas, Carino's Italian owns and operates 67 restaurants nationwide in conjunction with over 70 franchise partner locations. Carino's Italian offers a wide selection of original, fresh, delectable dishes at superior value that every family can afford to enjoy. For more information about Carino's Italian, please visit http://carinos.com. To receive the latest updates, please "Like" Carino's Italian on Facebook at http://facebook.com/carinositalian and follow Carino's Italian on Twitter at http://twitter.com/carinositalian.

About Carino's FoundationCarino's Foundation is giving arm of Carino's Italian. Through the years, Carino's Foundation has supported many charitable organizations that focus on the needs of children from hunger relief to medical care to research. It has raised more than $2 million for various nonprofits since 1997. For more information about Carino's Foundation, please visit: http://carinos.com/cares.

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Carino's Italian Raises $50,000 for Autism Speaks and Autism Society With Dollar Donation From Every Kid's Meal ...

Prospect of ‘autism drug’ raised

25 April 2012 Last updated at 14:00 ET By James Gallagher Health and science reporter, BBC News

The prospect of a drug to treat autism has been raised after symptoms of the condition were reduced in experiments on mice that were performed by the US National Institutes of Health.

There is no cure for the condition.

The results published in Science Translational Medicine showed increased social skills and less repetitive behaviour in animals taking a drug.

However, treatments which work in mice frequently fail in humans and potential medication would be years away.

Autism spectrum disorder is thought to affect around 1% of children. It ranges from mild to severe and symptoms include social problems, delayed language and repetitive movements such as hand tapping.

Autism is mainly treated with specialist education, speech and behavioural therapies.

Researchers at the National Institutes of Health said autism had been thought to be untreatable by drugs. The theory was that any problems would be "hardwired" into the brain.

It will be a long time until these findings can be translated for human patients

However, they said there was evidence that in some cases autism could be down to the way cells in the brain communicate with each other at synapses, the gaps between individual brain cells.

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An Autistic’s Response: “Teacher/Bully: How My Son Was Humiliated and Tormented by his Teacher” – Video

25-04-2012 16:38 This is my response to the video "Teacher/Bully: How My Son Was Humiliated and Tormented by his Teacher and Aide." To learn more check out the link here: My name is Kerry Magro and I was diagnosed with Autism at 4 and feel a great deal of compassion for Stuart and his 10 year old autistic son, Akian and there situation with The Cherry Hill School System. Please sign his petition here to help start a zero tolerance policy for teachers who bully their students: Join the Facebook Page "No More Teacher Bullies" here: Thanks to Stuart so much for making this public and sharing his voice with us! If you want to learn more about how I'm sharing my voice with others please check out my Blog here: my Homepage here: liking my Facebook Fan Page here: or following me on Twitter @kerrymagro Below I'm leaving you the description of what Stuart mentioned under his video description based on the situation with him and his son. For more information about the video please see below along with checking his Homepage here: "My name is Stuart Chaifetz, and my son, Akian, is a ten-year old boy who has Autism. Akian has always been a sweet and non-violent child, and that is why it was so distressing when notes started coming home from his school, Horace Mann Elementary in Cherry Hill, New Jersey, saying that he was having violent outbursts, including him hitting his teacher ...

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An Autistic's Response: "Teacher/Bully: How My Son Was Humiliated and Tormented by his Teacher" - Video

Son’s Autism Forces Family to Leave Canada – Video

27-03-2012 22:28 http://www.ctvvancouverisland.ca http UVIC -- A popular professor at the University of Victoria is leaving his job and the country after his son's medical condition lead to immigration problems. In 2010 Dr. Jeffrey Niehaus' son was diagnosed with autism spectrum disorder. His family was working to become Canadian citizens but the boy's health condition proved to be a roadblock. In a letter from Immigration Canada, an officer told Dr. Niehaus his son was, "a person whose health condition might reasonably be expected to cause excessive demand on health or social services in Canada". As a result, his application for permanent residency was denied. The University of Victoria hired a lawyer to appeal the decision but the effort fell short. In preparation of his work Visa expiring in November, Dr. Niehaus applied for jobs and accepted a position in Virginia. Despite wanting to keep the story from media, Dr. Niehaus says his family has made up its mind and is leaving. It's why he is now content telling his story: "I'm much more comfortable with the idea that our story would be an example for people interested in how their own government works. People could use this as perhaps a way to have some positive influence going forward". Dr. Niehaus says he's not angry. In November he plans to take his family back to the United States where they will live permanently. Follow Joe Perkins on Twitter: http://www.twitter.com

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Autism Resources for Children and Families Available Through UJA-Federation of New York’s J-1-1 Information & Referral …

NEW YORK, NY--(Marketwire -04/19/12)- With the national prevalence of Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASD) reaching 1:88 children, and as more children are diagnosed with autism, with the greatest increase in diagnoses in the Hispanic community, many families find themselves in need of resources but might not know where to turn. Through UJA-Federation of New York's J-1-1 Information and Referral Center, families in the greater New York area have immediate and free access to a wide range of programs and support services to address the needs and special challenges that arise from caring for individuals on the autism spectrum.

With resources available in all five boroughs, Long Island and Westchester, UJA-Federation is able to provide access to a holistic set of services for families and individuals, no matter their background. This includes everything from the point of diagnosis to socialization opportunities to helping those on the spectrum successfully transition to adulthood. Through its unparalleled network of agencies, UJA-Federation continues to expand on existing services and develop new initiatives for children and adults with developmental, behavioral, and physical disabilities.

April is National Autism Awareness Month, and UJA-Federation is proud to play such an important role in funding, developing and providing access to a wide range of valuable services for the autistic community. Caring for a loved one with autism can be overwhelming, and UJA-Federation is there to ensure that everyone can find the help they need. For more information, contact UJA-Federation's J-1-1 Information and Referral Center at 1-877-852-6951. Resource specialists are available Monday through Friday from 9:00 a.m. to 4:00 p.m., with 24-hour voice mail, or they can be reached by email at J11@ujafedny.org

About UJA-Federation of New YorkFor more than 90 years, UJA-Federation has been a central force for communal planning and philanthropy in the New York Jewish community. Through UJA-Federation, more than 60,000 donors pool their resources to help people in need, inspire a passion for Jewish life and learning, and strengthen Jewish communities around the world -- to address the issues that matter to us most as Jews and as New Yorkers, such as helping those affected by autism. Working with more than 100 network beneficiary agencies, synagogues, and other Jewish organizations, our reach spans from New York to Israel to more than 60 other countries around the world, touching 4.5 million people each year. Because we do the most good when we do it together. For more information, please visit our website at http://www.ujafedny.org.

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Autism Resources for Children and Families Available Through UJA-Federation of New York's J-1-1 Information & Referral ...

Autism Is Jim Calhoun’s Biggest Opponent

Jim Calhoun, like many coaches, is superstitious. He might have a lucky tie or piece of jewelry he must wear to end a losing streak, or keep a winning streak going.

But one item that remains in good times and bad is the blue puzzle piece he wears on the lapel of his suit jacket. The symbol for Autism Speaks, like the cause itself, remains close to his heart at all times.

"He has never taken it off," Jeff Calhoun said. "I can't tell you how many people who have mentioned it to me parents, families touched by autism, who tell me how much it means to them. He is very passionate about it. Just by lending his name and reaching out to people, he has done more than we could ever ask."

Said Amy Calhoun: "When I see that blue pin on his lapel, it sometimes brings tears to my eyes. He is taking this on for Reese."

The cause is a personal one for the Calhoun family. Jeff and Amy's daughter, Reese, now 8, was diagnosed at 2, and her grandfather's involvement with the advocacy group Autism Speaks is very deep.

But because he is scheduled to undergo back surgery on Monday in New York, Calhoun will not be able to participate in an event he has helped launch "CardioRaiser: Workout for Autism Speaks" at Cardio Express in Manchester and Southington from 9 a.m. to 3 p.m. on Sunday. Farmington Bank is the presenting sponsor.

"It's just so important to raise awareness," Jeff Calhoun said, "because autism, anything that involves the brain, is something we don't talk about much as a society. We want to share our story, and hope it lets people know they are not alone."

Hundreds are expected to participate, and the event is expected to raise at least $100,000 for the Connecticut chapter of Autism Speaks. Participants may choose from a variety of exercise activities to help in the cause. Although Jim Calhoun cannot be there, some of his assistants are expected to stop by the morning after UConn plays Syracuse (Saturday night at 9 p.m.). Panera Bread will provide breakfast for participants.

The event will become an annual one, Jeff Calhoun said.

"I am deeply committed to the cause of helping families confronting the many challenges of autism," Jim Calhoun said in January, when the event was scheduled. "It is my hope that this event will bring Connecticut families together to raise dollars so important to all those facing this complex neurobiological disorder."

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Autism Is Jim Calhoun's Biggest Opponent

Toys”R”Us®, Canada helps “Shine A Light For Autism” during third annual fundraising campaign to benefit Autism Speaks …

Campaign Focuses On How Families Can "Light It Up Blue" To Raise Autism Awareness Across Canada

TORONTO, March 1, 2012 /CNW/ - Toys"R"Us, Canada today announced the launch of its in-store and online fundraising campaign to benefit Autism Speaks, North America's largest autism science and advocacy organization. Now through Monday, April 30, Toys"R"Us and Babies"R"Us stores will offer customers an Autism Speaks puzzle piece in exchange for a $1 donation. Monetary donations will be collected at all 73 stores (including Express locations) across the country and online at Toysrus.ca. The company is heightening its focus on autism awareness, unveiling a new theme for the 2012 campaign, "Shine A Light For Autism."

"With so many children affected by autism and not enough known about causes or cures, we hope that our fundraising and awareness campaigns can contribute to solving the autism puzzle," said Kevin Macnab, President, Toys"R"Us Canada. "Through our ongoing partnership, the "R"Us family remains committed to helping Autism Speaks and the critical work they do in supporting families affected by autism spectrum disorders."

Shining A Light For Autism In-store and online

During the campaign, customers can contribute a cash donation at all Toys"R"Us and Babies"R"Us locations, including Express locations, and online at Toysrus.ca.

In-store signage displayed in Toys"R"Us and Babies"R"Us stores across the country feature children with autism dressed as super-heroes, with the Autism Speaks puzzle piece logo as their powerful emblem. The puzzle pieces are bursting with light, while inspiring everyone to donate to the cause by looking to the hero within.

"Toys"R"Us and Babies"R"Us stores across Canada are in a unique position to reach numerous parents daily, providing important awareness information about autism in their stores, as well as online," said Suzanne Lanthier, Executive Director of Autism Speaks Canada. "We are thrilled to bring hope to families who live with the realities of autism every day, through ongoing support in our research and advocacy efforts."

Toysrus.ca also serves as a resource for parents, caregivers, families and friends of children with autism. Visitors can find a list of "Ten Toys That Speak To Autism," which provides toy suggestions to help guide anyone purchasing toys for a child with autism.

Walking To Benefit Autism Speaks

In conjunction with the campaign, the company is also kicking off its national sponsorship of Walk Now for Autism Speaks, a year-long series of more than 85 walk events taking place throughout North America. Toys"R"Us and Babies"R"Us employees will walk alongside the company's iconic mascot, Geoffrey the Giraffe, as well as individuals with autism, their families and friends to raise money and awareness for the cause. All funds raised through the Walk Now for Autism Speaks events will go directly to Autism Speaks to support research awareness and family services programs in Canada.

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Toys"R"Us®, Canada helps "Shine A Light For Autism" during third annual fundraising campaign to benefit Autism Speaks ...

From ‘Refrigerator Mothers’ to untangling the genetic roots of autism

Public release date: 7-Mar-2012 [ | E-mail | Share ]

Contact: Michael Bernstein m_bernstein@acs.org 202-872-6042 American Chemical Society

With the "Refrigerator Mother" notion about the cause of autism a distant and discredited memory, scientists are making remarkable progress in untangling the genetic roots of the condition, which affects millions of children and adults, according to an article in the current edition of Chemical & Engineering News. C&EN is the weekly newsmagazine of the American Chemical Society, the world's largest scientific society.

In the story, C&EN Associate Editor Lauren K. Wolf points out that most people in the 1960s believed autism resulted from a lack of maternal warmth and emotional attachment. It was a hypothesis popularized by Austrian-born American child psychologist and writer Bruno Bettelheim. Now scientists around the globe are focusing on genes that have been implicated in autism and related conditions, collectively termed "autism spectrum disorders." That research may solve mysteries about autism, which affects 1 in 110 children in the U.S. Among them: what causes autism, why does it affect more boys than girls and what can be done to prevent and treat it?

C&EN explains that scientists now have solidly implicated certain genes as being involved in autism. Most of those genes play a role in the transmission of signals through the junctions or "synapses" between nerve cells. Synapses are the territory where one nerve releases a chemical signal that hands off messages to an adjoining nerve. The human brain has an estimated 1,000 trillion synapses, and they are hot spots for miscommunications that underpin neurological disorders like autism. Scientists now are gleaning information on what those genes do, what brain circuits they affect and how the proteins they produce function. In doing so, they are paving the way for future medications for autism spectrum disorders.

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The American Chemical Society is a nonprofit organization chartered by the U.S. Congress. With more than 164,000 members, ACS is the world's largest scientific society and a global leader in providing access to chemistry-related research through its multiple databases, peer-reviewed journals and scientific conferences. Its main offices are in Washington, D.C., and Columbus, Ohio.

To automatically receive news releases from the American Chemical Society contact newsroom@acs.org.

AAAS and EurekAlert! are not responsible for the accuracy of news releases posted to EurekAlert! by contributing institutions or for the use of any information through the EurekAlert! system.

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From 'Refrigerator Mothers' to untangling the genetic roots of autism

‘Parent Training’ May Help Kids With Autism Behave Better

THURSDAY, March 1 (HealthDay News) -- Children with autism often display challenging behaviors, but new research suggests that parents can learn to better handle tantrums and aggression, which may improve their child's overall functioning.

"Parent training is one of the best, evidence-supported treatment interventions in child psychiatry for other conditions, such as for children with ADHD or children with oppositional defiant disorder," said senior study author Lawrence Scahill, a professor at Yale University School of Nursing and Child Study Center in New Haven, Conn. "But strangely enough, it had never really been tried with children with autism or with developmental disabilities, so we had to make our own manual."

The study involved 124 children aged 4 to 13 with an autism spectrum disorder and serious behavioral issues, including daily, prolonged tantrums, aggression or self-injurious behavior. The children were prescribed risperidone (Risperdal), an antipsychotic drug approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration for treating severe behavioral problems in children with autism.

Half the children and their parents were also assigned to a six-month, structured "parent training" program. Parents were asked to identify the most difficult, disruptive behaviors and to think about what preceded the incidents and why the child might do it. They then worked with counselors to devise strategies to avoid the triggers and help the child respond better to the everyday stressors.

Parents who underwent training reported a greater decrease in problem behaviors than the parents of children on medication alone, researchers found. By the end of the study, the average dose of risperidone was lower for kids in the parent-training group.

"On the tantrums, the aggression and the self-injury, the combination of medications and parent training was better," said Scahill. "How much better? Not a huge amount, but it was an incremental improvement over an already effective improvement."

Parents who received training also reported improvements on a test known as the Vineland Adaptive Behavior Scale, which measures how well a child does everyday activities, such as communicating, socializing, dressing, eating at the table and going to school.

By diminishing serious problem behaviors, such as tantrums and aggression, children's skills in other areas improved, but the difference was not statistically significant.

Autism is a neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by impaired social interaction, verbal and nonverbal communication, restricted interests and behaviors, repetitive behaviors and sometimes intellectual disability.

The study is published in the February issue of the Journal of the American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry.

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'Parent Training' May Help Kids With Autism Behave Better

‘Toolkit’ Makes Bedtime Less Stressful for Children with Autism

Newswise — The Vanderbilt Kennedy Center has created a resource with Autism Speaks to help improve sleep for children and teens affected by autism spectrum disorders. This new toolkit, titled “Sleep Strategies for Children with Autism: A Parent’s Guide,” offers strategies to help families whose children with autism have difficulty falling asleep and staying asleep through the night.

Beth Malow, M.D., M.S., Burry Chair in Cognitive Childhood Development and co-developer of the sleep guide, says that sleep is a common struggle for many children with autism. This new sleep guide can help families select ideas that have the best potential to work well with their lifestyle. Developers of the guide say that with consistent routines and persistent effort, families often see changes in their child’s sleep patterns over several weeks.

“My colleagues and I are excited about having the opportunity to develop this parent toolkit for sleep and are appreciative to Autism Speaks for disseminating it to families in need of this information,” Malow said. “Sleep problems in children with autism can be overwhelming for families, and we hope that this information makes a difference in their day-to-day lives.”

A professor of Neurology and Pediatrics and Vanderbilt Kennedy Center Investigator, Malow is an expert on the interface of sleep and neurological disorders and directs the Vanderbilt Sleep Division. She developed the sleep strategies guide with colleague Kim Frank, M.Ed., educational consultant for the Treatment and Research Institute for Autism Spectrum Disorders(TRIAD) at the Vanderbilt Kennedy Center and experts from the Autism Speaks Autism Treatment Network (ATN) and the Autism Intervention Research Network on Physical Health (AIR-P).

The Vanderbilt Kennedy Center has developed other toolkits with Autism Speaks, including “Taking the Work Out of Blood Work” and “Visual Supports and Autism Spectrum Disorder.” These and other resources are available on the Autism Speaks website.

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'Toolkit' Makes Bedtime Less Stressful for Children with Autism

Change in definition of ‘autism’ has parents worried

HARTFORD, Conn. (MCT) -- When Caleb Geary was diagnosed with autism at age 3, he had never spoken or eaten solid food.

Now 6, the boy speaks and tests at his first-grade level -- progress that his parents attribute to insurance-based services at home and intensive behavioral intervention at the boy's school in Hamden, Conn.

But they worry what will happen to Caleb's diagnosis -- and the services that have come with it -- if the American Psychiatry Association's proposal to change the definition of autism is adopted.

Lori Geary said she has already fought to get her son the help he needs. Tom Zwicker, Caleb's father and the director of an autism center for the Easter Seals of Coastal Fairfield County, Conn., said he believes insurance companies will start requesting annual diagnostic evaluations if the definition is revised. As a result, his son -- and many other children -- will lose out on services to treat their conditions.

"You have an entire group receiving services that would be left out in the cold," said Zwicker, who lives in Branford, Conn. "We're going to lose a whole generation of children."

The autism community has been embroiled in a heated debate for the past few weeks over the proposal to dramatically change the criteria for autism diagnosis in the upcoming fifth edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders. The DSM-5, scheduled to be published in 2013, is the first revision since 1994.

The revision would create an umbrella category known as "autism spectrum disorder" that would include traditional autism, as well as Asperger's Syndrome, childhood disintegrative disorder and pervasive developmental disorder not otherwise specified (PDD-NOS) -- which currently are considered separate disorders. A new category, social communication disorder, would also be created.

"What became very apparent is that there aren't clear boundaries, and that they really are all on a spectrum," said Darrell Regier, director of research for the APA. The current criteria, he said, is "fuzzy" and as a result some people have been mislabeled as autistic, while others who need treatment can't get it because their symptoms don't match the current criteria.

"The thing that we tried to do is be a little more clear about the different deficits that these people have," Regier said.

But some experts worry that the revision's main effect will be to drastically reduce the number of people who are diagnosed with autism and who now qualify for services to treat it.

Fred Volkmar, director of the Child Study Center at Yale School of Medicine, is the lead author of a study that found that 44 percent of people previously diagnosed with autism would not meet the proposed new criteria for the diagnosis. The study was based on data collected about individuals in the early 1990s.

"We went back and re-analzyed the data and recoded it," said Volkmar, who was a member of the DSM task force committee but since has resigned. The methodology was "not perfect," Volkmar said, "but I don't think it's horribly bad either."

Periodic revisions and refinements of diagnoses are necessary, he said. "Certainly, you could make (the definition of) Asperger's better. The problem is, how do you justify change and how do you justify major change? It's an interesting discussion."

According to Volkmar's study, to be published in April in the Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and online later this month, about one-fourth of those diagnosed with autism would not meet the new criteria and nearly three-fourths of those with Asperger's also would not be diagnosed.

Also, 84 percent of those diagnosed with Pervasive Developmental Disorder-Not Otherwise Specified also would no longer meet the criteria.

"More and more people are doing better and better, so we have more people who are out and self-sufficient and independent," Volkmar said. "And there's a bit of worry that if you take away services, that that's the group that will suffer, not just in terms of losing a label but in terms of losing services."

"Schools have to do a re-assessment every three years. So in three years' time they say, 'Oh, this kid no longer qualifies.' Is that going to be a rationale for no more services?"

Shannon Knall, a mother in Simsbury, Conn., said her son was diagnosed with autism when he was 2.

"I was on the phone every single day with Birth to Three with the state of Connecticut to get 20 hours of early intervention services -- and I can tell you, with that advocacy and that constant staying on it, I've never gotten 20 hours, and that was eight years ago," Knall said.

Her son, now 10 and a fifth-grader, has Asperger's syndrome and is considered high-functioning, at least intellectually.

"I cannot at all comprehend the level of difficulty that will follow without that (autism) diagnosis," said Knall, the Connecticut advocacy chairwoman for Autism Speaks. "It's very scary. For us as a community, we are constantly facing an uphill battle to get whatever we can get for our kids. There is always a block in the road, and this is another one. Or could be."

Knall also worried that a change in criteria could exclude her family and others from the benefits of a state mandate that took effect in 2010. The law requires insurers to cover specialized treatment for children with autism, such as applied behavioral analysis, which can run into the tens of thousands of dollars in a matter of months.

In Caleb's case, Lori Geary said, she and Zwicker spent $600 a week for four hours of daily ABA therapy before insurance started paying for it last year. The outlook for her son before treatment, she believes, was grim: "I fear he'd be in a group home setting for the rest of his life."

The boy couldn't speak. Caleb would explode at changes to his routine. If Geary was driving and made a left turn when he expected a right, there would be "hair pulling, shoes flying, kicking the seat," she said. Caleb's work with a therapist involves positive reinforcement to target impulse control, stimming -- repetitive movements -- and other behaviors.

"It's how we got him to talk, how we got him to eat, how we got him to sit on a stool at school," said Geary, a senior project manager at Yale's Center for Outcomes Research and Evaluation, which studies the effects of health care. Caleb now gets at-home therapy for two hours nearly every day for his social skills.

With the proposed change to the autism criteria, Geary said, "I'm nervous."

After news about Volkmar's study came out, Darrel Regier said his email inbox was "flooded." He's received 10,000 emails and counting.

"These are legitimately concerned parents who are worried that their kids are going to be dumped from these services," said Regier, who serves as research director for the American Psychiatry Association.

The data in the Yale study is old, Regier said, and the diagnoses of the subjects were made at a time when the criteria for autism were still very much in flux. "And (the data) had a high number of very high-functioning people who are not necessarily representative of the general population" of people with autism, Regier said.

Regier cites two field studies that were recently completed that used new data and got very different results. One concludes that the new criteria would decrease diagnoses by only 5 percent and the other concludes that it would actually increase diagnoses by 1 percent. He said the data is still being prepared for publication, so he couldn't release details of the results.

He said the DSM task force committee agreed on the new criteria 11 to 1, with Volkmar the only member to object. Regier also noted that for much of his career Volkmar has focused on Asperger's, so he likely would be interested in keeping it as a separate diagnosis.

Gary Greenberg, a New London psychologist working on a book about the making of the DSM-5, said the DSM has lost a fair amount of credibility.

The Connecticut Department of Education has been following the APA's proposal, spokesman Mark Linabury said, and does not expect a revision to change how special services are offered in the public schools.

The state's most recent data show that 5,866 K-12 students with autism received special education services in 2010-11 -- about 1.1 percent of the total public school population in Connecticut. Among special education students, those with autism made up 9.2 percent.

While schools take into account a diagnosis of autism, they conduct their own evaluation of a student's "functional or academic abilities" to determine whether one is eligible for special education, Linabury said. "The type of services, their frequency, intensity, duration and the personnel assigned would be driven by the student's needs and not the clinical diagnosis."

In West Hartford, Conn., 154 students this year get special education services because of autism, said Glenn McGrath, the school system's pupil services director. Last year, there were 140 students, up from 128 in the 2009-10 year. According to state data, 78 town students with autism received services five years ago.

McGrath said it was too early to tell whether a redefinition would have an impact in the town schools, although he believed a child currently diagnosed on the autism spectrum "would still need supports in their educational program to address their social skill deficit."

But Nelson Rivera, a lead psychologist in the Hartford schools whose responsibilities include students with autism, said it was possible that fewer students would receive special services.

As of Oct. 1, 229 students in the city school system had a diagnosis of autism, Rivera said, of whom 168 are considered higher-functioning on the spectrum and are placed in classrooms with non-disabled peers.

If there is a revision, the objective instruments that schools use to determine a student's placement could be updated, Rivera said. "It's going to make the whole area of autism more specific, less vague, in terms of symptoms and behaviors."

The task force committee has until December before anything is finalized, and the new criteria will be subject to three independent reviews in the meantime.

"We just don't think at this point in time that the study that Fred (Volkmar) is about to release is one with a good database to make these dramatic projections," Regier said.

"I don't mind using old data and doing what Fred did, but you need to call that a hypothesis-generating study," he said. "To come out and say definitely that you're going to lose 40 (percent) is just not a justifiable claim, based on that dataset."

Dr. Deborah Fein, a neuropsychologist and psychology professor at the University of Connecticut, has mixed feelings about the proposed new criteria.

"The point about collapsing everything into the autism spectrum disorder, I do think that makes sense because I don't think there's adequate evidence that there's a significant difference between them."

Fein said she has her doubts that the effect would be as dramatic as Volkmar's study suggests. "I think he was looking at a particular slice of the pie," she said.

"The population I'm most concerned about is toddlers."

A study that she recently worked on found that 20 percent to 25 percent of the toddlers currently diagnosed as having Autism Spectrum Disorder would not qualify under the new criteria. Many of these children would likely develop additional autism-related symptoms a few years later, as is common, and then meet the criteria.

But by that time, she said, they would have missed out on a few years of services, and early intervention is crucial in treating autism.

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Change in definition of 'autism' has parents worried

San Diego’s Part In Autism History Cited In Book

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John Donvan (l), Caren Zucker


POSTED: 6:42 pm PST February 15, 2012

UPDATED: 7:21 pm PST February 15, 2012

SAN DIEGO -- Most people are familiar with the character Raymond from the hit movie "Rain Man," but most would not know actor Dustin Hoffman based part of his Oscar-winning portrayal of Raymond on San Diego artist Mark Rimland. "He had lunch with Dustin Hoffman back during the making of the film," explained ABC News correspondent John Donvan.Rimland is one of many fascinating figures Donvan and news producer Caren Zucker hope will help change attitudes in their book about autism.Donvan's brother-in-law and Zucker's son have autism. Donvan's role as an ABC News correspondent and Zucker's position as a news producer helped them glean autism stories over the years. However, the book is not about work, it's a labor of love."Nobody knows the back story so we decided to tell that story," said Donvan. "San Diego comes up in the history of autism a lot of times."For example, in the 1960s San Diegan Bernard Rimland, Mark's father, turned the autism world on its ear with research that showed bad mothers were not the cause of autism."That was absolutely, absolutely considered the official version of what was the cause of autism," according to Donvan.Zucker said, "He was every family's hero really because he just sort of said this is, you know, baloney."Their book will introduce readers to the first person diagnosed with autism, Donald Triplett. Triplett is known as "Case One" and is now in his 70s.Donvan and Zucker said because Triplett's Mississippi community accepted him, he thrived. That is what they are hoping their book will inspire."Whatever it takes to let acceptance happen, it can make an enormous impact on the life of somebody with autism," said Donvan."The awareness just makes people much more accepting," added Zucker.Donvan and Zucker were invited to speak Wednesday night by the Stein Education Center, which grew out of the first children's autism program in San Diego.The book is expected to be out in 2013.For more information on the book, visit VistaHill.org.

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San Diego's Part In Autism History Cited In Book

Autism redefined: changing goal posts doesn’t change the game

Wednesday, February 15, 2012    Last updated: Thursday February 16, 2012, 2:00 AM

Imagine you're a scientist, and you've landed a job at a government research facility. Your first day on the job they give you an assignment.

"You need to count all the birds in the sky."

"What? That's impossible! There are too many birds!" you reply. "Are you sure you don't want me to study the increase in the bird population? You know, look into why there are so many more birds in the sky?"

"No. We want you to count all of the birds in the sky. But don't worry, we've made it easy with this new diagnostic imaging tool!"

He hands you an empty roll of toilet paper.

"Just look through the tube and count what you see!" he says.

"Are you joking?"

"Well, until we can legally change the definition of 'sky' this will have to do," he explains. "This new diagnostic imaging tool represents the latest in modern science. If you use it I'm sure you'll find there are actually less birds in the sky than ever before."

"Surely, you can't be serious."

"I am. If you want to keep your job, you'll get serious, too. And stop calling me Shirley."

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Autism redefined: changing goal posts doesn't change the game