Nanomedicine Presentation
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Converging on cancer at the nanoscale – The MIT Tech
This summer, the Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research at MIT marks the first anniversary of the launch of the Marble Center for Cancer Nanomedicine, established through a generous gift from Kathy and Curt Marble 63.
Bringing together leading Koch Institute faculty members and their teams, the Marble Center for Cancer Nanomedicine focuses on grand challenges in cancer detection, treatment, and monitoring that can benefit from the emerging biology and physics of the nanoscale.
These challenges include detecting cancer earlier than existing methods allow, harnessing the immune system to fight cancer even as it evolves, using therapeutic insights from cancer biology to design therapies for previously undruggable targets, combining existing drugs for synergistic action, and creating tools for more accurate diagnosis and better surgical intervention.
Koch Institute member Sangeeta N. Bhatia, the John J. and Dorothy Wilson Professor of Health Sciences and Technology and Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, serves as the inaugural director for the center.
A major goal for research at the Marble Center is to leverage the collaborative culture at the Koch Institute to use nanotechnology to improve cancer diagnosis and care in patients around the world, Bhatia says.
Transforming nanomedicine
The Marble Center joins MITs broader efforts at the forefront of discovery and innovation to solve the urgent global challenge that is cancer. The concept of convergence the blending of the life and physical sciences with engineering is a hallmark of MIT, the founding principle of the Koch Institute, and at the heart of the Marble Centers mission.
The center galvanizes the MIT cancer research community in efforts to use nanomedicine as a translational platform for cancer care, says Tyler Jacks, director of the Koch Institute and a David H. Koch Professor of Biology. Its transformative by applying these emerging technologies to push the boundaries of cancer detection, treatment, and monitoring and translational by promoting their development and application in the clinic.
The centers faculty six prominent MIT professors and Koch Institute members are committed to fighting cancer with nanomedicine through research, education, and collaboration. They are:
Sangeeta Bhatia (director), the John J. and Dorothy Wilson Professor of Health Sciences and Technology and Electrical Engineering and Computer Science;
Daniel G. Anderson, the Samuel A. Goldblith Professor of Applied Biology in the Department of Chemical Engineering and the Institute for Medical Engineering and Science;
Angela M. Belcher, the James Mason Crafts Professor in the departments of Biological Engineering and Materials Science and Engineering;
Paula T. Hammond, the David H. Koch Professor of Engineering and head of the Department of Chemical Engineering;
Darrell J. Irvine, professor in the departments of Biological Engineering and Materials Science and Engineering; and
Robert S. Langer, the David H. Koch Institute Professor.
Extending their collaboration within the walls of the Institute, Marble Center members benefit greatly from the support of the Peterson (1957) Nanotechnology Materials Core Facility in the Koch Institutes Robert A. Swanson (1969) Biotechnology Center. The Peterson Facilitys array of technological resources and expertise is unmatched in the United States, and gives members of the center, and of the Koch Institute, a distinct advantage in the development and application of nanoscale materials and technologies.
Looking ahead
The Marble Center has wasted no time getting up to speed in its first year, and has provided support for innovative research projects including theranostic nanoparticles that can both detect and treat cancers, real-time imaging of interactions between cancer and immune cells to better understand response to cancer immunotherapies, and delivery technologies for several powerful RNA-based therapeutics able to engage specific cancer targets with precision.
As part of its efforts to help foster a multifaceted science and engineering research force, the center has provided fellowship support for trainees as well as valuable opportunities for mentorship, scientific exchange, and professional development.
Promotingbroader engagement, the Marble Center serves as a bridge to a wide network of nanomedicine resources, connecting its members to MIT.nano, other nanotechnology researchers, and clinical collaborators across Boston and beyond. The center has also convened a scientific advisory board, whose members hail from leading academic and clinical centers around the country, and will help shape the centers future programs and continued expansion.
As the Marble Center begins another year of collaborations and innovation, there is a new milestone in sight for 2018.Nanomedicine has been selected as the central theme for the Koch Institutes 17th Annual Cancer Research Symposium. Scheduled for June 15, 2018, the event will bring together national leaders in the field, providing an ideal forum for Marble Center members to share the discoveries and advancements made during its sophomore year.
Having next years KI Annual Symposium dedicated to nanomedicine will be a wonderful way to further expose the cancer research community to the power of doing science at the nanoscale, Bhatia says. The interdisciplinary approach has the power to accelerate new ideas at this exciting interface of nanotechnology and medicine.
To learn more about the people and projects of the Koch Institute Marble Center for Cancer Nanomedicine, visit nanomedicine.mit.edu.
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Converging on cancer at the nanoscale - The MIT Tech
Koch Institute’s Marble Center for Cancer Nanomedicine Brings Together Renowned Faculty to Combat Cancer – AZoNano
Written by AZoNanoJul 10 2017
The Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research at MIT will soon be reaching the first anniversary of the launch of the Marble Center for Cancer Nanomedicine, founded through a generous gift from Kathy and Curt Marble 63.
The Marble Center for Cancer Nanomedicines faculty is made up of Koch Institute members who are committed to fighting cancer with nanomedicine through research, education, and collaboration. Top row (l-r) Sangeeta Bhatia, director; Daniel Anderson; and Angela Belcher. Bottom row: Paula Hammond; Darrell Irvine; and Robert Langer. (Photo: Koch Institute Marble Center for Cancer Nanomedicine)
Bringing together leading Koch Institute faculty members and their teams, the Marble Center for Cancer Nanomedicine focuses on huge challenges in cancer detection, treatment and monitoring that can profit from the latest physics and biology of the nanoscale.
These challenges include spotting cancer earlier than present techniques allow, harnessing the immune system to combat cancer even as it progresses, using therapeutic insights from cancer biology to design therapies for formerly undruggable targets, integrating current drugs for synergistic action, and developing tools for more accurate diagnosis and improved surgical intervention.
Koch Institute member Sangeeta N. Bhatia, the John J. and Dorothy Wilson, Professor of Health Sciences and Technology and Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, serves as the Inaugural Director of the center.
A major goal for research at the Marble Center is to leverage the collaborative culture at the Koch Institute to use nanotechnology to improve cancer diagnosis and care in patients around the world.
Sangeeta N. Bhatia, Koch Institute Member
Transforming nanomedicine
The Marble Center joins MITs larger efforts at the forefront of discovery and advancement to solve the critical global challenge that is cancer. The concept of convergence the combination of the life and physical sciences with engineering is a trademark of MIT, the founding principle of the Koch Institute, and at the heart of the Marble Centers mission.
The center galvanizes the MIT cancer research community in efforts to use nanomedicine as a translational platform for cancer care. Its transformative by applying these emerging technologies to push the boundaries of cancer detection, treatment, and monitoring and translational by promoting their development and application in the clinic.
Tyler Jacks, Director of the Koch Institute and a David H. Koch Professor of Biology
The centers faculty six renowned MIT Professors and Koch Institute Members are committed to combating cancer with nanomedicine through research, education and partnership. They are, Sangeeta Bhatia (director), the John J. and Dorothy Wilson Professor of Health Sciences and Technology and Electrical Engineering and Computer Science; Daniel G. Anderson, the Samuel A. Goldblith Professor of Applied Biology in the Department of Chemical Engineering and the Institute for Medical Engineering and Science; Angela M. Belcher, the James Mason Crafts Professor in the departments of Biological Engineering and Materials Science and Engineering; Paula T. Hammond, the David H. Koch Professor of Engineering and head of the Department of Chemical Engineering; Darrell J. Irvine, Professor in the departments of Biological Engineering and Materials Science and Engineering; and Robert S. Langer, the David H. Koch Institute Professor.
Extending their partnership within the walls of the Institute, members of the Marble Center profit greatly from the support of the Peterson (1957) Nanotechnology Materials Core Facility in the Koch Institutes Robert A. Swanson (1969) Biotechnology Center. The Peterson Facilitys array of technological resources and know-how is unparalleled in the United States, and gives members of the center and of the Koch Institute, a distinctive advantage in the development and application of materials and technologies at the nanoscale.
Looking ahead
The Marble Center made the most of its first year, and has provided backing for advanced research projects including theranostic nanoparticles that can both detect and treat cancers, real-time imaging of interactions between cancer and immune cells to properly understand reaction to cancer immunotherapies, and delivery technologies for a number of powerful RNA-based therapeutics capable of engaging specific cancer targets with precision.
As part of its efforts to help adopt a multifaceted science and engineering research force, the center has offered fellowship support for trainees as well as valuable opportunities for scientific exchange, mentorship and professional development.
Promoting wider engagement, the Marble Center serves as a bridge to a broad network of nanomedicine resources, linking its members to MIT.nano, other Nanotechnology Researchers, and Clinical Partners across Boston and beyond. The center has also set up a scientific advisory board, whose members come from leading clinical and academic centers around the country, and will assist in shaping the centers future programs and continued development.
As the Marble Center enters another year of partnerships and innovation, there is a new landmark in sight for 2018. Nanomedicine has been chosen as the main theme for the Koch Institutes 17th Annual Cancer Research Symposium. The event is scheduled for June 15th, 2018, and will bring together national domain experts, providing a perfect forum for Marble Center members to share the discoveries and progresses made during its sophomore year.
Having next years KI Annual Symposium dedicated to nanomedicine will be a wonderful way to further expose the cancer research community to the power of doing science at the nanoscale. The interdisciplinary approach has the power to accelerate new ideas at this exciting interface of nanotechnology and medicine.
Sangeeta N. Bhatia, Koch Institute Member
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Koch Institute's Marble Center for Cancer Nanomedicine Brings Together Renowned Faculty to Combat Cancer - AZoNano
Global Nanomedicine in Central Nervous System Injury and Repair Market Research Report, Growth Trends and Competitive Analysis 2021-2027 KSU | The…
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Manifesting Multidisciplinary Nanomedicine Research with the MMS – AZoNano
AZoNano speaks to Dr. Zahra Rattray about the impact of the new Multiscale Metrology Suite (MMS) on thedevelopment of the field of nanomedicine. Continue readingfor an insight into how this new, multidisciplinaryfacility is at the forefront of utilizing nanotechnology for pharmaceutical research.
My name is Zahra Rattray, and I am a Chancellors Research Fellow in Translational Pharmaceutics at the University of Strathclyde Institute of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences. What inspired me to pursue a career in nanotechnology for health was working within the drug discovery sector and seeing how many promising candidate compounds would fail at later development stages due to formulation challenges or their safety profile.
Using nanotechnology, we could salvage the therapeutic potential of these compounds and ultimately develop life-saving drugs. Since then, I have become very interested in researching the biological performance of nanotechnology drugs or developing new strategies such as targeting ligands to enable drug delivery.
My involvement started during graduate school, where I studied endogenous ligands such as transferrin with a view to harnessing their potential for drug delivery. Following this, I have been involved in pharmaceutical industry pipeline projects developing nanomedicine products; my research team studies the development of bioanalytical pipelines to analyze nanotechnologies.
The widespread use of mRNA lipid nanoparticle vaccines during the COVID-19 pandemic has demonstrated the need for the rapid deployment of nanotechnology for areas of unmet clinical need. The nanotechnology sector has an opportunity to use such momentum and lessons learned from the pandemic and apply this to other therapeutic areas such as oncology.
Image Credit:Viacheslav Lopatin/Shutterstock.com
The Multiscale Metrology Suite will enable the comprehensive physicochemical analysis of novel nanomaterials and their interactions with biomacromolecules contained within biological fluids such as blood. Areas benefiting from this work the most will be novel nanomaterials requiring a comprehensive understanding of product parameters or the impact of the manufacturing process on product characteristics.
Using a data-driven approach, their clinical and commercial translation timelines can be accelerated through deeper product understanding.
In addressing the translational obstacles to nanotechnology implementation in health, we can look to other disciplines for technological solutions or bringing a new perspective to solving existing challenges. The insights and perspectives a multidisciplinary approach delivers can provide transformative and disruptive solutions to some of the grand challenges we face.
A good example is how field flow fractionation (FFF) entered the arena in the 1960s with a limited range of researcher groups investing in this technology. It is only in the past few years that FFF implementation in the bio- and nanotechnology sectors entered a rapid growth phase.
The Multiscale Metrology Suite (MMS) facility will collaborate with academics, industry, and government bodies to ensure its strategic relevance to drug discovery. The MMS will remain world-leading and competitive through incorporating new technological advancements in the analytical and nanotechnology sectors.
Image Credit: FGC/Shutterstock.com
Some of the major obstacles nanotechnology faces is the clinical translation of these products. These obstacles can range from the unknown biological performance of new chemistries to the reproducible manufacture of nanomedicines with consistent key critical quality attributes. The more understanding we can develop about a product and process from the early development stage, the more likely the risk of late-stage pipeline attrition can be mitigated.
I believe that by using a team-based, interdisciplinary approach, we can tackle the grand challenges facing nanomedicine translation. By working across traditional discipline boundaries, we can better understand the biology being targeted, which product attributes are suitable for the biological target, and how we can control these through process design.
Image Credit:Anucha Cheechang/Shutterstock.com
The Multiscale Metrology Suite (MMS) is a unique, bespoke setup that will combine electric, centrifugal and asymmetric field-flow fractionation modes with a range of physical and chemical detectors.
Using this suite, we will be able to measure solution-phase properties of nanomaterial prototypes dispersed in their formulation vehicle or probe their interactions with biomacromolecules in blood components. This will provide information on formulation attributes and the early assessment of interactions with biological fluids. Some examples of parameters we are particularly interested in multiplexing the high-resolution analyses of size, charge, and shape factor (rg/rh) with changes occurring in the chemistry of nanoparticles using Raman analysis or inductively-coupled plasma mass spectrometry.
The MMS will also explore multiplexation with other detectors such as mass spectrometry for proteomics analysis of the nanoparticle corona proteome and high-resolution analysis of particle concentrations using nanoparticle tracking analysis (NTA).
In the era of precision medicine, the ability to fuse large clinical datasets with advanced bioanalytical tools will be transformative in nanomedicine design and selection for patients. Developing a deeper understanding of how nanomedicines interact with biological moieties enabled through advances in analytical technologies will provide the opportunity for us to reverse-engineer new prototypes for optimal safety and efficacy in areas of unmet clinical need.
We will work with our partners and collaborators to harmonize protocols and methods for the analysis of nanomedicine prototypes in an attempt to achieve consistency in the measurement and reporting of nanomedicine attributes.
https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=EP%2FV028960%2F1
Dr. Zahra Rattray is a Chancellors Research Fellow in Translational Pharmaceutics at the Strathclyde Institute of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences in Glasgow.
Dr. Rattray is an interdisciplinary translational pharmaceutical scientist with over 10 years experience of working in the academic, industry, and clinic sectors developing a diverse molecule portfolio. Zahra received her PhD in Drug Delivery from the University of Manchester in 2013, and completed a postdoctoral research position at Manchester, developing new analytical pipelines for profiling antibody drug product stability.
Zahra has significant formulation experience from her time at AstraZeneca Pharmaceuticals as both a pre-clinical and late-stage formulation scientist. Zahra completed a postdoctoral research position at the Yale School of Medicine in partnership with Patrys Ltd where she explored cell-penetrating autoantibodies as DNA damage repair agents for the treatment of glioblastoma, and as targeting ligands for drug and gene delivery systems.
Since fall 2018, Dr Rattray has been a Chancellors Research Fellow at the University of Strathclyde. Her team explores the development of bioanalytical measurements for profiling the nanoparticle protein corona and the role of nuclear import in cancer progression.
Disclaimer: The views expressed here are those of the interviewee and do not necessarily represent the views of AZoM.com Limited (T/A) AZoNetwork, the owner and operator of this website. This disclaimer forms part of the Terms and Conditions of use of this website.
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Manifesting Multidisciplinary Nanomedicine Research with the MMS - AZoNano
Understanding the Immune Response to Nanomedicine Pharmaceuticals – AZoNano
The existence of microbial antigens and other impurities mistakenly introduced during the development and purification of bionanopharmaceutical devices can stimulate the innate immune system, as described in a paper published in the journal Molecules.
An immediate but largely non-specific local immune reaction including both biochemical and molecular components initiates the body's first "innate" defense against foreign armies.
Trained immunity is anon-specific, T-cell self-sufficient innate immunity that relies primarily on macrophage activation and pro-inflammatory cytokine secretion for long-term functional reconfiguration of the innate immune cell response instead of the epigenetic hybridization required by innate and adaptive immunity.
Due tothe high financial and social expenses of medicine development, research, and approval, it iscritical that any prospective product "failure" is not caused by the accidental inclusion of innate immunity modulating impurities IIMIs
Activated phagocytes produce simultaneously stimulatory as well as inhibitory cytokines in the influence of IIMIs to stimulate and control the immune response.
Chemokines are the most diversified family of cytokines, with roles ranging from cell migratory regulation (e.g., recruiting and activation of local neutrophils and basophils to the infection site) through embryogenesis, innate and adaptive body's immune function and structure, and cancer metastasis.
In most cases, cytokine-driven immunostimulation is beneficial, such as when it is activated by adjuvants to boost vaccine effectiveness.
Immunological stimulation that is unanticipated or uncontrolled, particularly in the presence of therapeutic substances, causes unwanted cellular immune responses and antibody formation in reaction to the medicinal product.
Immunotoxicity is defined as "any unfavorable effect on the structure or function of the immune mechanism, or other systems influenced by the same biologic mediatorsas a result of immune response malfunction."
It is further divided into three categories based on the intensity of the response: non-specific immunostimulation, uncontrolled hypersensitivity that causes tissue injury, and immunosuppression.
Impurities in drug products trigger innate cellular responses and produce biomarkers for bioassay detection and Quantification. Currently, only -glucans and endotoxins can be detected and quantified directly using specialized assays. The remaining population of impurities must instead be detected and quantified indirectly using downstream biomarkers (e.g., proteins, peptides, and nucleic acids) and immune cell activation as hallmarks of contamination. Image Credit:Holley, C., and Dobrovolskaia, M.
When compared to classically formulated variants of such prescription medications, the use of nanotechnology is becoming a popular method for reducing drug immunotoxicity whilst also improving medicinal solubility, biodistribution, and cell-specific distribution. However, several nanocarriers have been shown to have immunomodulatory properties.
For example, RNA nanoparticles have been found to increase inflammation by inducing pro-inflammatory cytokine release. The raw materials used to make nanoplatforms can have a variety of immunological impacts, either as a result of contamination or because of the chemical features of the material.
Certain nanomaterials, including lipid-based nanocarriers and carbon nanotubes, are immunostimulatory, causing cytokine production and inflammation.
The rabbit pyrogen test (RPT) became the bioassay used to identify microbial contamination. It detects pyrogens, as well as any contaminants that causea histamine reaction, chills, fever, and other inflammation side effects.
As the rabbit pyrogen test identifies all pyrogens, it has a high level of unpredictability, is costly, and requiressignificant animal usage for tests.
As issues with beta-glucan and endotoxin identification in nanoformulations arise from excipient-, carrier-, or drug-mediated external interference, sources of interferences and techniques to overcome them have been discovered. Here, direct detection methods are often utilized.
For an efficient test, a suitable biomarkercan be any chemical with a beneficial attribute, such as a mechanical by-product, that can be measured or assessed, either direct or indirect, and utilized as an indication of anormal biological, pathological, or pharmacological condition.
Recent experimentshave placed focus on thein vitro and in vivo effects of IIMIsbecause as the long-term objective of these investigations is to prevent human immunotoxicity and probable immunogenicity.
These biological tests detect immune cell growth and proliferation or measure quantities of released innate immunity biomarkers,which may help to prime immune cells and contribute to immunogenicity.
The FDA's mandated panel of IIMIs for measurement should be broadened to include a far larger range of impurities, such as microbial antigens that may trigger additional innate immune pathways, popular manufacturing leachates and solvents, and hazardous chemicals needed to keep host cells alive.
The utilization of a single high-throughput platform designed to detect a large panel of indicators from the same class (proteins, small molecules, or nucleic acids) simultaneously, such as multiplex MS, ELISAs, or genomic arrays, should be used to standardize data across trials and laboratories. Broader nanoassortment of cytokines can be applied to make the data more complete.
Continue reading: Why Nanotoxicology Should be the First Step Towards a Nanotechnology Future.
Holley, C., and Dobrovolskaia, M. (2021). Innate Immunity Modulating Impurities and the Immunotoxicity of Nanobiotechnology-Based Drug Products. Molecules 26(23). Available at:https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/26/23/7308
Disclaimer: The views expressed here are those of the author expressed in their private capacity and do not necessarily represent the views of AZoM.com Limited T/A AZoNetwork the owner and operator of this website. This disclaimer forms part of the Terms and conditions of use of this website.
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Understanding the Immune Response to Nanomedicine Pharmaceuticals - AZoNano
Nanotechnology in Drug Delivery Market to Reach US$ 182.3 Billion by 2027, Globally | CAGR: 19.9% | UnivDatos Market Insights – PR Newswire UK
NOIDA, India, March 8, 2021 /PRNewswire/ -- A comprehensive overview of the Nanotechnology in Drug Delivery market is recently added by UnivDatos Market Insights to its humongous database. The Nanotechnology in Drug Delivery market report has been aggregated by collecting informative data of various dynamics such as market drivers, restraints, and opportunities. This innovative report makes use of several analyses to get a closer outlook on the Nanotechnology in Drug Delivery market. The Nanotechnology in Drug Delivery market report offers a detailed analysis of the latest industry developments and trending factors in the market that are influencing the market growth. Furthermore, this statistical market research repository examines and estimates the Nanotechnology in Drug Delivery market at the global and regional level. The Global Nanotechnology in Drug Delivery Market is expected to grow at a CAGR of 19.9% from 2021-2027 to reach USD 182.3 billion by 2027.
Market Overview
The Global Nanotechnology in Drug Delivery Market is experiencing significant growth on account of surging prevalence of cancer and other diseases. More people die from CVDs worldwide than from any other source, according to the World Health Organization with over 17.9 million per year. In 2020, American Heart Association has set a goal of reducing cardiovascular disease and stroke deaths by 20% and thus focused on enhancing factors such as physical activity, diet, obesity/overweight, smoking, blood pressure, cholesterol, and blood sugar. The rising number of deaths cause increased burden among the people, which can surge the demand for novel nanotechnology drug delivery techniques that are efficient than traditional medicine and therefore is expected to drive the general market to grow.
There has been major expansion in the transformation of nano-based cancer therapies and diagnostics and different new technologies are in the pipeline. Nanomedicine and nano delivery systems are being utilized as diagnostic tools or in delivering therapeutic agents to specific targeted sites in a controlled manner wherein materials are used in the nanoscale range. Since 1995, nearly 50 nano pharmaceuticals have received FDA approval and are currently available for clinical use. In oncology, over 20% of the therapeutic nanoparticles already in clinics or under clinical evaluation have been created. Most FDA-approved therapeutic nanoparticles are currently being designed for the re-formulation of combinations of chemotherapeutic drugs with polymeric nanoparticles.
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COVID-19 Impact
The current impact of COVID-19 on global health is enormous, but in addition, the worldwide impact on the economy, employees, and companies is going to be considerable. This global emergency calls for a science and technology response to the COVID-19 pandemic, where advanced solutions during the epidemic are anticipated to be explored by nanotechnology. A study performed by Leuschner et al. brings a direction in the use of nanotechnology to control the cytokine storm which is amongst few clinical complications of COVID-19. Nanoparticles perform an essential role at different stages of disease pathogenesis, contemplating their inhibition potential in the initial attachment and membrane fusion during viral entry and infected cell protein fusion.
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Global Nanotechnology in Drug Delivery Market report is studied thoroughly with several aspects that would help stakeholders in making their decisions more curated.
By Technology, the market is primarily bifurcated into
Nanoparticles segment dominated the by type of the global nanotechnology in drug delivery market and will row at 19.4% CAGR to reach US$ 48.1 billion by the year 2027.
By Application, the market is primarily segmented into
Amongst application type, oncology accounted for the largest share and is expected to grow at 20% CAGR during the forecast period 2021-2027. In 2019, the oncology segment accounted for a revenue share of almost 36%.
Nanotechnology in Drug Delivery Market Geographical Segmentation Includes:
Based on the estimation, the North America region dominated the Nanotechnology in Drug Delivery market with almost US$ 18.9 billion revenue in 2019. At the same time, the Asia-Pacific region is expected to grow remarkably with a CAGR of 22.5% over the forecast period on account of the increasing population and modernization of healthcare infrastructure.
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The major players targeting the market includes
Competitive Landscape
The degree of competition among prominent global companies has been elaborated by analyzing several leading key players operating worldwide. The specialist team of research analysts sheds light on various traits such as global market competition, market share, most recent industry advancements, innovative product launches, partnerships, mergers, or acquisitions by leading companies in the nanotechnology in drug delivery market. The leading players have been analyzed by using research methodologies for getting insight views on global competition.
Key questions resolved through this analytical market research report include:
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UnivDatos Market Insights (UMI) is a passionate market research firm and a subsidiary of Universal Data Solutions. We believe in delivering insights through Market Intelligence Reports, Customized Business Research, and Primary Research. Our research studies are spread across topics across the world, we cover markets in over 100 countries using smart research techniques and agile methodologies. We offer in-depth studies, detailed analysis, and customized reports that help shape winning business strategies for our clients.
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‘Robo-sapiens’ era will force 100 million workers to switch jobs by 2030, BofA says – The National
The rapid pace of technology disruption will transform workers' lives and create new professions as the global economy enters an era of robo-sapiens, according to Bank of America Securities.
This will force about 100 million workers to switch occupations by 2030.
A $14 trillion opportunity exists for the future of work, where humans and robots will collaborate, the bank said in a report.
The future of work is not zero-sum between humanity and technology. We believe humans can collaborate with and work alongside robots, rather than be displaced by them, and that technology can create more jobs than it destroys, said BofA Securities.
These new-collar jobs could emerge in sectors ranging from health care to renewables, with humans expected to have more leisure time as machines relieve people of mundane, repetitive daily tasks.
The future of work is not zero-sum between humanity and technology
Bank of America Securities
Technology, industrials, medical technology and education are among the key sectors that stand to benefit as companies upskill and retrain workers.
However, the commercial property and the legacy transport sectors face headwinds.
By 2025 alone, automation will result in a net addition of 12 million jobs as robots eliminate 85 million jobs but create 97 million new ones, according to the World Economic Forum.
The next decade will be marked by unprecedented change in the world of work, the BofA Securities report said.
Humans and machines could spend an equal amount of time completing work tasks by 2025, with the global robot installed base doubling to 5 million units compared with 2019 levels.
The field of cobots the collaboration between humans and industrial robots is a fast-growing area with a projected compound annual growth rate of 50 per cent through to 2023.
Apart from white and blue-collar work, the Covid-19 pandemic is expected to spur a boom in pink, green and new-collar jobs, BofA Securities said.
Pink-collar jobs are professions in the care economy such as doctors, nurses, psychologists, teachers and childcare providers.
Green-collar jobs involve work in the clean energy sector performed by solar engineers, wind technicians and battery experts while new-collar jobs are focused on technology, cyber security and coding.
A transforming world could lead to some truly futuristic jobs that have yet to be invented. Some of these new roles could be data privacy managers, nanomedicine surgeons, lab meat scientists, space tourist guides, freelance biohackers, AI avatar designers, 3D food printer chefs, leisure time planners, ethical algorithm programmers and brain simulation specialists, according to the report.
We are at the early stages of Eureka! Future tech, where we think the exponential growth of moonshot technology will create a new wave of professions that we have not even thought of yet, the report's authors said.
Many jobs of the future have yet to be created, they said, with 65 per cent of children starting school today expected to work in jobs that do not exist at this time.
Covid may spark rapid growth in new types of occupation, the report's authors said.
For example, companies may hire a work-from-home integration manager to ensure that new technology and equipment are in place to make remote work a success.
Organisations with a renewed focus on health and hygiene may hire office disinfectors or chief medical officers.
New occupations such as smart home designers and algorithm bias checkers who ensure algorithms do not lead to discriminatory decisions are emerging.
Around the globe, growing demand for automation, AI and digitisation will spur the need for a wide range of workers such as robot repair technicians and 3D printing engineers, said BofA Securities.
A new report by McKinsey Global Institute said the need for workers to switch occupations would lead to the reskilling of workers a post-Covid future that chief executives must prepare for.
Ageing populations, higher consumer incomes and the pandemic will drive growth in healthcare jobs while transport jobs will grow due to high demand for delivery and e-commerce, according to the McKinsey Global Institute report.
The customer service, sales, warehousing and computer-based work segments will be hit the hardest in terms of jobs lost.
People in these declining job categories will need to be retrained to take up new occupations.
The challenge is not only the large numbers but the jumps they will need to make are much higher than in the past, said Susan Lund, McKinsey Global Institute leader and a labour market expert.
We will need to figure out how to help them to transition to different career pathways. This will disproportionately affect women four times as many as men and people without college degrees, as well as young people and ethnic minorities.
While there are areas where humans can beat machines, including jobs that require creativity or social intelligence, the BofA Securities report said the risks posed by robots should not be disregarded.
Adopting technology could displace about 2 billion jobs by 2030. Up to 47 per cent of US jobs could be at risk from computerisation over the next 20 years. This figure could reach 85 per cent in emerging markets, BofA Securities said.
Emerging markets such as India and China are at the greatest risk of facing skills disruption due to the trend, according to the report.
Ethiopia, Cambodia and Bangladesh are the three countries that face the greatest risk from automation as the majority of work performed in these countries can be done by robots.
The most worrying trend is that emerging market jobs are most at risk of automation because of the low or mid-skilled nature of sectors such as manufacturing, highlighting the risk of premature deindustrialisation.
Premature deindustrialisation refers to a situation where countries hit peak manufacturing before they traverse the economic development curve sufficiently.
Economic history tells us the traditional route to prosperity has been for countries to move from an agrarian economy towards manufacturing via industrialisation, for example, the UK in the early 19th century, the US in the late 19th century and, more recently, China at the turn of the 20th century, the report said.
Bypassing industrialisation could lead to the displacement of manual labour as automation becomes more sophisticated.
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'Robo-sapiens' era will force 100 million workers to switch jobs by 2030, BofA says - The National
Nanobiotix Announces Closing of Underwriters’ Option to Purchase Additional ADSs – Business Wire
PARIS & CAMBRIDGE, Mass.--(BUSINESS WIRE)--Regulatory News:
NANOBIOTIX (Paris:NANO) (Euronext: NANO Nasdaq: NBTX the Company), a clinical-stage nanomedicine company pioneering new approaches to the treatment of cancer, today announced the closing of an additional 1,095,000 American Depositary Shares (ADSs) pursuant to the full exercise of the underwriters option to purchase additional ADSs in connection with the Companys initial public offering on the Nasdaq Global Select Market.
The 1,095,000 additional ADSs were sold at $13.50 per ADS, the same public offering price as in the initial public offering. Consequently, the total number of ordinary shares issued amounts to 8,395,000, including 6,540,000 in the form of ADSs, and the total net proceeds (including the sale of the additional ADSs pursuant to the exercise of the underwriters option), after deducting underwriting commissions and estimated offering expenses payable by Nanobiotix, from the initial public offering were approximately $100.4 million (82.8 million)1. The Company believes that the total net proceeds, together with its cash and cash equivalents, will be sufficient to fund its operations through the middle of the second quarter of 2023.
Nanobiotix's ordinary shares are listed on the regulated market of Euronext in Paris under the ticker symbol "NANO". Nanobiotixs ADSs began trading on the Nasdaq Global Select Market on December 11, 2020 under the ticker symbol "NBTX".
Jefferies LLC acted as global coordinator and joint book-running manager for the global offering, and Evercore Group, L.L.C. and UBS Securities LLC acted as joint book-running managers for the U.S. offering. Gilbert Dupont acted as manager for the European offering.
The initial public offering was made only by means of a prospectus. A copy of the prospectus relating to the initial public offering was filed with the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission and may be obtained from Jefferies LLC, 520 Madison Avenue New York, NY 10022, or by telephone at 877-547-6340 or 877-821-7388, or by email at Prospectus_Department@Jefferies.com; or from Evercore Group L.L.C., Attention: Equity Capital Markets, 55 East 52nd Street, 35th Floor, New York, New York 10055, or by telephone at 888-474-0200, or by email at ecm.prospectus@evercore.com; or from UBS Securities LLC, Attention: Prospectus Department, 1285 Avenue of the Americas, New York, New York 10019, or by telephone at 888-827-7275, or by email at ol-prospectusrequest@ubs.com.
Allocation of the Share Capital
The following table presents the expected allocation of the Company's share capital following the initial public offering, to the Companys knowledge:
Situation before the capital increase (on anon-diluted basis)
Situation after the capital increase (on a non-diluted basis and including the exercise ofthe underwriters option to purchaseadditional ADSs )
Shareholders
Number ofshares
% of sharecapital
% of votingrights
Number ofshares(1)
% of sharecapital
% of votingrights
Institutional Investors
8,428,377
32.37%
31.17%
11,509,459
33.43%
32.48%
Amiral Gestion
1,418,179
5.45%
5.25%
1,479,619
4.30%
4.18%
Baillie Gifford
409,836
1.57%
1.52%
2,109,836
6.13%
5.95%
Qatar Holding
0
0%
0%
1,850,000
5.37%
5.22%
Invus
330,000
1.27%
1.22%
2,032,478
5.90%
5.74%
Retail
13,734,003
52.75%
50.80%
13,734,003
39.89%
38.76%
Management
962,613
3.70%
6.06%
962,613
2.80%
4.62%
including Laurent Levy
809,060
3.11%
5.10%
809,060
2.35%
3.90%
Employees (excl.management)
450,211
1.73%
2.87%
450,211
1.31%
2.19%
Family offices and others
298,388
1.15%
1.10%
298,388
0.87%
0.84%
Liquidity Contract
5,515
0.02%
0.02%
5,515
0.02%
0.02%
Total
26,037,122
100.00%
100.00%
34,432,122
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Nanobiotix Announces Closing of Underwriters' Option to Purchase Additional ADSs - Business Wire
Nanomedicine Market Forecast Estimation & Approach 2020-2026 | GE Healthcare, Johnson & Johnson, Mallinckrodt plc, Merck & Co. Inc.,…
The Global Nanomedicine Market report provides information by Top Players, Geography, End users, Applications, Competitor analysis, Sales, Revenue, Price, Gross Margin, Market Share, Import-Export, Trends and Forecast.
Initially, the report provides a basic overview of the industry including definitions, classifications, applications, and industry chain structure. The Nanomedicine market analysis is provided for the international markets including development trends, competitive landscape analysis, and key regions development status.
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2020 Global Nanomedicine Market Report is a professional and in-depth research report on the worlds major regional market conditions of the Nanomedicine industry, focusing on the main regions and the main countries (United States, Europe, Japan and China).
Global Nanomedicine market competition by top manufacturers, with production, price, revenue (value) and market share for each manufacturer.
The Top players are
Nanomedicine Market Report based on Product Type:
Nanomedicine Market Report based on Applications:
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The report introduces Nanomedicine basic information including definition, classification, application, industry chain structure, industry overview, policy analysis, and news analysis. Insightful predictions for the Nanomedicine market for the coming few years have also been included in the report.
The report focuses on global major leading Nanomedicine Market players providing information such as company profiles, product picture and specification, capacity, production, price, cost, revenue and contact information. Upstream raw materials and equipment and downstream demand analysis is also carried out.
The Nanomedicine industry development trends and marketing channels are analyzed. Finally, the feasibility of new investment projects is assessed, and overall research conclusions offered.
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CHAPTERS COVERED IN THIS REPORT ARE AS FOLLOW:
Chapter 1: Nanomedicine Market Overview, Product Overview, Market Segmentation, Market Overview of Regions, Market Dynamics, Limitations, Opportunities and Industry News and Policies.
Chapter 2: Nanomedicine Industry Chain Analysis, Upstream Raw Material Suppliers, Major Players, Production Process Analysis, Cost Analysis, Market Channels and Major Downstream Buyers.
Chapter 3: Value Analysis, Production, Growth Rate and Price Analysis by Type of Nanomedicine.
Chapter 4: Downstream Characteristics, Consumption and Market Share by Application of Nanomedicine.
Chapter 5: Production Volume, Price, Gross Margin, and Revenue ($) of Nanomedicine by Regions (2014-2020).
Chapter 6: Nanomedicine Production, Consumption, Export and Import by Regions (2014-2020).
Chapter 7: Nanomedicine Market Status and SWOT Analysis by Regions.
Chapter 8: Competitive Landscape, Product Introduction, Company Profiles, Market Distribution Status by Players of Nanomedicine.
Chapter 9: Nanomedicine Market Analysis and Forecast by Type and Application (2020-2026).
Chapter 10: Market Analysis and Forecast by Regions (2020-2026).
Chapter 11: Industry Characteristics, Key Factors, New Entrants SWOT Analysis, Investment Feasibility Analysis.
Chapter 12: Market Conclusion of the Whole Report.
Chapter 13: Appendix Such as Methodology and Data Resources of This Research.
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Nanomedicine Market Forecast Estimation & Approach 2020-2026 | GE Healthcare, Johnson & Johnson, Mallinckrodt plc, Merck & Co. Inc.,...
Augmenting Demand for Transfection Reagents And Equipment to Bolster Global Market Revenue Growth During 2020 – Eurowire
Transfection is a process that involves production of genetically modified cells with utilization of foreign nucleic acid (DNA and RNA). This technology helps the cells in mutation of cancer cells, protein metabolism by affecting the nuclear genes and regulation of gene therapy. Transfection is an integral equipment used in investigation studies for gene function and the modulation of gene expression. Thus, it contributes in the advancement of basic cellular research, drug discovery, and target validation. The transfection reagent and equipment market is driven by rising prevalence of infectious disease, utilization of biopharmaceuticals in the production of proteins, growing obese population, and increasing prevalence of cancer. Various government initiative accentuated the growth of transfection reagent and equipment market. However, high cost of transfection reagents and equipment, risk factors during insertion of the reagents and cytotoxic effect associated with transfection technology are the major factors restraining the transfection reagents and equipment market.
The transfection reagent and equipment market can be segmented on the basis of various methods such as physical methods and biochemical methods. The biochemical method accounts for the largest share in the overall transfection market. The biochemical based method is further segmented as calcium phosphate, DEAE-dextran, lipid mediated transfection (Lipofection), catonic polymers, activated dendrimers and magnetic beads. The physical based method includes electroporation, biolistic technology, microinjection, laserfection and others (gene gun, sonoporation). Electroporation technique is likely to account for the largest share in the equipment based transfection. The transfection reagent market, by application is segmented into biomedical research, protein product, and therapeutic delivery. The biomedical research segment was observed as one of the largest segment of the transfection reagent market.
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Geographically, North America is the largest transfection reagents and equipment market in the world due to rising prevalence of various cancers (such as cervical cancer, breast cancer, colon cancer, and prostate cancer). Moreover, rising demand for proteomics and genomics technology and upfront initiatives taken by government related to preventive healthcare have supported the growth of transfection reagents and equipment market in this region. Europe was the second largest market due to rising trend of utilization of targeted drug delivery, nanomedicine in diagnostics, clinical trials and drug development studies drive the demand of transfection reagents and equipment market. Asia-Pacific is observed to be an emerging market in transfection reagents and equipment market and is still in the initial stage. One of the important factors driving the growth of transfection reagent and equipment in the Asia-Pacific market is outsourcing of clinical trials to Asian countries by majority of the drug development companies. Moreover, development of in transfection technology, rise in demand of protein therapeutics, developing healthcare infrastructure in emerging markets such as India and China, and increasing demand from applied markets. Latin American countries such as Brazil and Mexico are the regions that have significant potential for growth due to emerging medical infrastructure, high disposable income and rising prevalence of infectious diseases. Transfection equipment and reagents market is in introductory stage especially in Latin American and African countries.
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Some of the major players in the global transfection reagent and equipment market include Thermo Fisher Scientific, Inc. (U.S.), Promega Corporation (U.S.), Roche Holding AG (Switzerland), Qiagen N.V. (Netherlands), Polyplus-transfection SA (France), Bio-Rad Laboratories (U.S.), Lonza Group (Switzerland), Sigma-Aldrich Corporation (U.S.), Mirus Bio LLC (U.S.), and Maxcyte Inc.(U.S.) others.
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Augmenting Demand for Transfection Reagents And Equipment to Bolster Global Market Revenue Growth During 2020 - Eurowire
Targeted exosome coating gene-chem nanocomplex as nanoscavenger for clearing -synuclein and immune activation of Parkinson’s disease – Science…
INTRODUCTION
For neurodegenerative diseases, gene and small-molecule drugs can be used for clearing pathological substances synergistically that cause neuronal degeneration (1). In Parkinsons disease (PD), -synuclein (-syn) aggregates are considered to be the main pathological substance (2, 3). Small interfering RNA (siRNA) shows potential in rare disease or disease with no good drug options but is gene related. For example, Onpattro (patisiran) has been applied as the clinical treatment of multiple sclerosis. siRNA targeting SNCA (siSNCA) can down-regulate -syn protein synthesis to inhibit the formation of -syn aggregates and could specifically down-regulate -syn expression without targeting - or -synuclein (4).The neuroprotective small-molecule drug curcumin has a reducing effect on the existing -syn aggregates (57). Therefore, the combination of siSNCA with curcumin can synergistically reduce the cytotoxicity of -syn aggregates on dopaminergic neurons for PD treatment. Even so, these drugs with poor bioavailability are difficult to accumulate in the action site of target neurons because of their poor absorption and rapid metabolism (8, 9). In addition, brain delivery problems are mainly manifested in the fact that it is difficult for delivery systems to pass through the blood-brain barrier (BBB) and could not accurately recognize the target cell (10). Synthetic gene and chemical drug (gene-chem) nanocomplexes including liposomes and polymer particles have been modified with cell-penetrating peptides or cell-targeting molecules for enhanced drug delivery in brain diseases or other disease therapy (11). However, synthetic nanocomplexes are easily recognized as foreigners, resulting in natural immune activation, cell apoptosis, and short blood circulation time, which is unsafe and with low efficiency (12). In addition, when being internalized, these synthetic carriers would undergo an endosomal-lysosomal pathway, which tends to cause drug degradation and exocytosis as well as leads to inflammasome activation (12). Furthermore, it is necessary to control the release of drugs in the lesion area to reduce nonspecific toxicity. Therefore, to efficiently deliver gene-chem drugs to the action site of target cells for safe PD therapy, it is necessary to develop a delivery system that could overcome these delivery bottlenecks including low BBB permeation, poor neuron targeting, inefficient endocytosis into cytoplasm, and uncontrolled drug release.
To realize the above aims, we designed a targeted exosome coating gene-chem nanocomplex as an engineering nanoscavenger for neuronal -syn aggregates and immune activation of PD. Exosome is a well-researched natural source carrier for siRNA and chemical drugs, with diameter of 30 to 100 nm (4, 13, 14). It has a membrane structure on whose surface the specific protein tetraspanin CD9 facilitates direct membrane fusion and helps the internal substances directly transport into the cytoplasm of the recipient cell, which avoids lysosomal trapping (15, 16). To further efficiently deliver drugs through the BBB and to the dopaminergic neurons, the first process of the engineering was constructing the shell, REXO, a targeted immature dendritic cell (imDC)derived exosome with modification of rabies virus glycoprotein (RVG) peptide with 29 amino acids, which could specifically bind to the acetylcholine receptor expressed by neuronal cells and the BBB (17). Because it was difficult for exosomes to load hydrophilic gene and hydrophobic small-molecule drugs simultaneously, the second process of the engineering was achieved as a product of a gene-chem coloaded core, which is a reactive oxygen species (ROS)responsive gene-chem drug nanocomplex loading these two drugs with different characteristics (8, 9). The third process of the engineering was REXO-C/ANP/S nanoscavenger preparation. REXO was coated on the nanocomplex to form a nanoscavenger. Therefore, the engineering delivery system could efficiently cross the BBB, target neurons, and release drugs in high ROS environment of diseased dopaminergic neurons. The enriched siSNCA and curcumin could have functions on -syn protein down-regulation and -syn aggregate inhibition synergistically.
Literatures indicated that neurodegenerative diseases are immune disorders (18, 19). For example, PD is an adaptive immune disorder because T cells are activated by pathological substances such as -syn peptides (20). In addition, studies have indicated that immune activation of PD was associated with T helper 17 (TH17) functions and that differentiated TH17 cells could induce the inflammatory response (21). In brain diseases, the factors secreted by TH17 cells would induce neuron apoptosis or death and enhance central nervous system inflammation (22). Moreover, regulatory T (Treg) cells could inhibit immune activation and maintain immune stability and tolerance due to interleukin-10 (IL-10) and transforming growth factor (TGF-). These cytokines could promote the survival of neurons (23), inhibit the differentiation of TH17 cells, activate macrophages and microglia, and exert anti-inflammatory effects (24). In addition, neuroprotection of Treg cells can be exerted by inhibiting the response of microglia to stimuli-nitrated -syn (25). It was well known that imDC had immunosuppressive effects and played an important role in autoimmune diseases (2628). Inspired by this, we further speculated that exosomes derived from imDC, which coat the hybrid system REXO-C/ANP/S, might have an effect on immunosuppression as imDC does (29). The study further confirmed that the hybrid system REXO-C/ANP/S was effective in inhibiting TH17 cell immune activation and promoting immunosuppression-related Treg cell functions in the nervous system.
The hybrid nanoparticle (NP) REXO-C/ANP/S was prepared from two parts (Fig. 1A): preparation of gene-chem core C/ANP/S and acquisition of REXO. The core C/ANP/S was obtained by a two-step process. First, we synthesized the polymers BA-poly(2-(dimethylamino)ethyl acrylate) (BAP) and BB-poly(2-(dimethylamino)ethyl acrylate) (BBP) (fig. S1A). BBP was used as a nonROS-responsive control (30). 1H nuclear magnetic resonance of BAP and BBP indicated their successful synthesis (fig. S1, B to D). The amphiphilic polymer BAP could self-assemble and encapsulate the hydrophobic drug curcumin to form curcumin/BAP NP (C/ANP). The loading rate of curcumin in NP was calculated by Multiskan Spectrum, and the value was 70%. Next, the final C/ANP/siSNCA (C/ANP/S) and C/BNP/siSNCA (C/BNP/S) nanocomplex was formed via electrostatic interaction (Fig. 1A). We used the gel retardation assay and found that the siSNCA was completely attached to C/ANP at N/P (nitrogen portion of polymer/phosphorus portion of siRNA) of 5 (fig. S2A). The nonROS-responsive C/BNP/S nanocomplex was prepared the same way, and it could also completely absorb siSNCA at an N/P ratio of 5 (fig. S2B). The morphology of C/ANP/S was a spherical shape of approximately 30 nm in diameter (fig. S2C). Furthermore, we simulated the cytoplasmic high ROS microenvironment of the diseased dopaminergic neuron in vitro and detected the ROS-responsive characteristics of both nanocomplexes (31). The nonROS-responsive C/BNP/S slowly released curcumin in the phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) and H2O2 environment, and the final release ratios were 16.5 and 17.5% at 390 min, respectively (fig. S2D). The C/ANP/S had a low release rate of 24.4% in the PBS environment, but curcumin was more easily released in the H2O2 environment at a rate of 96.7% at 390 min. Therefore, C/ANP/S had the ROS-responsive drug release ability based on the materials structure.
(A) Scheme of REXO-C/ANP/S preparation. (B) Zeta potential and diameters of NPs under different REXO:C/ANP/S ratios. (C) TEM images of NPs under different REXO:C/ANP/S ratios (I, low REXO:C/ANP/S ratio; II, intermediate; and III, high REXO:C/ANP/S ratio). Scale bars, 100 nm. (D) Comparison in zeta potential and diameters of REXO, C/ANP/S, and REXO/ANP/S. (E) Chitosan microsphere with REXO-C/ANP/S absorption. Cy5-siSNCA, blue; curcumin, green; and DiI-labeled exosome, red. (F) Western blot band of TSG101 and CD9 of EXO and REXO-C/ANP/S.
The second part was the preparation of RVG-modified exosome REXO (Fig. 1A). First, bone marrow cells were extracted from the bone marrow of mice and were induced to differentiate into imDCs in vitro (32). The cell culture medium on the seventh day of culture was then collected. The cells and cell debris were removed by centrifugation. Next, culture medium was concentrated by ultrafiltration and passed through a qEV size exclusion column (Izon Science). The specified number 7, 8, and 9 fractions containing exosomes were separated and collected. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) was used to identify the imDC exosome as a vesicle structure, approximately 70 nm in hydrodynamic diameter and with zeta potential of 12.7 mV (Fig. 2E). Targeted exosome could be engineered by click chemistry (33), targeting peptide plasmid transfer, or membrane fusion (13, 34, 35). However, these methods are complicated and time-consuming. In this engineering method, stearoyl-RVG was used to embed in the interior of the exosome phospholipid bilayer (table S1) (36). The mass spectrum confirmed the successful synthesis of the stearoyl-RVG (fig. S3A). To make the stearoyl-RVG visual in NPs, we then labeled it with fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC). Stearoyl-RVG-FITC was synthesized by the condensation of amino group in stearoyl-NH2 and carboxyl group in FITC-RVG (fig. S3B). After removing the unembedded stearoyl-RVG-FITC via ultrafiltration centrifugation, stearoyl-RVG-FITC was obtained. Stearoyl-RVG-FITC had a low solubility in PBS. Therefore, the improved fluorescence intensity of stearoyl-RVG-FITC in exosomes after the ultrasound method indicated its successful modification (fig. S3, C and D) (36). We further used the lipophilic dye DiD (red), which is a lipophilic tracer like DiR, to label exosomes (37). The colocalization coefficient of DiD exosomes and stearoyl-RVG-FITC was 0.95 (fig. S3E), indicating the successful modification of RVG on exosomes.
(A) NP internalization in Transwell cells in 12 hours. I: Scheme of Transwell instrument. II: Cy5-siRNA internalization of bEnd.3 cells (top) and the SH-SH5Y cells (bottom). III: Cy5 mean fluorescence intensity in NP-treated bEnd.3 cells in Transwell model. IV: Cy5 mean fluorescence intensity in NP-treated SH-SH5Y cells in the Transwell model. (B) Cy5 mean fluorescence intensity detected by flow cytometry in SH-SH5Y cells after NP incubation in 0 min, 30 min, 1 hour, 2 hours, 4 hours, and 6 hours. ns, not significant. (C) Assessment by CLSM of SH-SY5Y cells after NP incubation in 4 hours. Endosome was labeled with LysoTracker red. Cy5-siSNCA, green. (D) Assessment by CLSM of SH-SY5Y cells after NP incubation in 0 min, 5 min, 10 min, 30 min, and 1 hour. Cell membrane was labeled with CellMask deep red membrane stain, and exosome was labeled with DiI.*P < 0.05, **P < 0.01, and ***P < 0.001. DAPI, 4,6-diamidino-2-phenylindole.
The assembly of the inner core and the outer REXO was carried out by the ultrasonic method using a bath sonicator at a frequency of 40 kHz and a power of 100 W (Fig. 1A) (38). The assembly process was assumed to be as shown in Fig. 1B and verified by TEM, size, and zeta potential measurement (Fig. 1C). Among the REXO and C/ANP/S complexes, below the REXO-to-C/ANP/S mass ratio of 0.05, the REXO absorbed to the surface of part C/ANP/S (Fig. 1C, I). The size of NPs increased to 141.0 nm at a mass ratio of 0.01, and the zeta potential decreased to 7.05 mV. At the ratio of 0.05, there was an intermediate state. The size increased to 437.5 nm, and TEM showed that C/ANP/S was cross-linked by the REXO (Fig. 1C, II). The ratio was further increased and, lastly, negative charge dominated the NPs that tended to be stable. The final core-shell monodisperse assembly forms as shown in Fig. 1C (III) at a mass ratio of 0.1, indicating that the REXO was coated on the surface of the core nanocomplexes. The final NP REXO-C/ANP/S was negatively charged at 7.1 mV, and the hydrodynamic diameter was 118.1 nm (Fig. 1D). Next, to facilitate the visual observation of the assembly components, we prepared positively charged poly-chitosan microspheres, which allowed adsorption of negatively charged assemblies on the surface (Fig. 1E). The exosomes were labeled with the lipophilic dye DiI. The result clearly showed the colocalization of DiI exosome, Cy5-siRNA, and curcumin (Fig. 1E and fig. S3F). In addition, the REXO-C/ANP/S obtained after assembly had the protein TSG101 and CD9 of EXO (Fig. 1F), which further indicated the successful coating.
In vitro, we investigated the biocompatibility of core nanocomplex C/ANP/S and the core-shell REXO-C/ANP/S. C/ANP/S and REXO-C/ANP/S were cocultured with SH-SY5Y cells under different N/P ratio conditions. As examined by 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay, the result showed that the cell viability of both groups was above 80%. The survival rate under the experimental condition N/P ratio of 5/1 was 93.9% (fig. S4A), which was suitable for in vivo application.
Next, the delivery process was simulated in vitro to explore drug delivery of REXO-C/ANP/S and C/ANP/S. First, we used the Transwell culture method to simulate the BBB (Fig. 2A, I). bEnd.3 cells were cultured in Transwell inserts (1 105 cells per polyester Transwell insert in six wells, pore diameter of 0.4 m, 4.67 cm2) for 7 days to a resulting monolayer with a transepithelial electrical resistance at least 200 ohmcm2. After adding NPs, Cy5 mean intensity fluorescence was detected by bioluminescence imaging using Kodak In-Vivo Imaging System FX Pro. The REXO coating significantly enhanced the uptake of siRNA drugs in C/ANP/S into bEnd.3 cells and then through the epithelial cells into lower SH-SY5Y cells (Fig. 2A, II to IV). As a comparison, the addition of free RVG peptide inhibited the promoting effect (Fig. 2A, II to IV). By comparing the uptake of siRNA in SH-SY5Y cells at different time points (Fig. 2B), it was found that the REXO coating significantly enhanced the uptake of the drugs in C/ANP/S. After 2 hours, the EXO and REXO coating groups EXO-C/ANP/S and REXO-C/ANP/S were significantly better than nude curcumin and siRNA (nude C + S) as well as the inner core C/ANP/S. This was because the C/ANP/S was endocytosed through the endosome-lysosome pathway due to quaternary amine compounds in the C/ANP/S, causing NP efflux and drug loss, so that the increased accumulation of drugs was not obvious with time (Fig. 2B) (39). The EXO-C/ANP/S and REXO-C/ANP/S avoided drug loss in the endosomal pathway after 2 hours, thereby enhancing drug accumulation. Second, the targeted RVG modification NP REXO-C/ANP/S more significantly increased the drug uptake than EXO-C/ANP/S. After the addition of the free RVG polypeptide, it inhibited the endocytosis of the drug due to its binding to the receptor on the cell surface, and the drug uptake was significantly reduced in the experimental results. Therefore, the results demonstrated that the exosome coating changed the endocytosis pathway, which has an important role in the increase of drug uptake.
Furthermore, to confirm the reason for the conjecture that the exosome coating C/ANP/S could avoid the drug loss of the endosome-lysosome pathway, we conducted an experiment to confirm whether the exogenous membrane fusion characteristics help. The results of the confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM) experiments showed a comparison of the endocytic mechanisms of the two systems (Fig. 2C). The core C/ANP/S was taken up through the endosome-lysosome pathway; thus, the drug aggregated in the endosomes (the overlap coefficient was 0.92 at 4 hours). However, the drug delivered by REXO-C/ANP/S was more dispersed in the cytoplasm, and therefore, there was less drug accumulation in the endosomes than C/ANP/S-treated cells (the overlap coefficient was 0.56 at 4 hours). Next, we labeled the exosomes with DiI and labeled the cell membrane with CellMask deep red membrane stain to detect the fusion of the two dyes in a short period. The fluorescence of DiI was enhanced with the extension of time, and it was apparently colocalized with the fluorescence of deep red membrane stain from 5 min to 1 hour (Fig. 2D and fig. S4B). These results demonstrated that the drug of REXO-C/ANP/S was enriched mostly through membrane fusion.
-Syn aggregates were the main pathological substance in PD neurons. Therefore, it was very important to clear the -syn aggregates and excess -syn for PD treatment (Fig. 3A). We constructed an SH-SY5Y cell line SNCAmCherrySH-SY5Y cell, which overexpressed SNCA-mCherry protein by plasmid transfection and cell selection. First, we examined the effects of exosomes and RVG-modified exosomes on the -syn expression and aggregates and found that there was almost no effect (fig. S4C). Next, nude drugs and different NPs were cocultured with SNCAmCherrySH-SY5Y cells for 2 days. The -syn aggregates in -synmCherryoverexpressing cell lines were observed by CLSM, in which mCherry was a red reporter for -syn (Fig. 3B). The results of the total -syn were also verified by Western blot [Fig. 3, C and D; 47 kDa (-syn was 18 kDa, and mCherry was 29 kDa)]. There was a significant decrease in -syn protein in the REXO-C/ANP/Streated cells, compared with the blank (PBS) and the nude drug curcumin and siSNCA (nude C + S) groups. Compared with C/ANP/S, NPs without ROS-responsive C/BNP/S, and nontargeted EXO-C/ANP/S, the REXO-C/ANP/S had a stronger down-regulation effect, indicating the superiority of membrane fusion, target, and controlled-release ability. In addition, REXO-C/ANP/S had a down-regulation advantage compared with the curcumin-free NP REXO-ANP/S and the siNonsense NP REXO-C/ANP/siNonsense. In addition, except the REXO-C/ANP/siNonsensetreated cells, the SNCA mRNA expression of NP-treated cells was lower than PBS-treated cells. The SNCA mRNA expression of REXO-C/ANP/Streated cells decreased 64% (Fig. 3E). Moreover, the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) test showed that the -syn aggregates in the cells treated by the drug-loaded NP groups were significantly reduced (Fig. 3F). In particular, -syn aggregates in cells treated with gene-chem dual drug carrier REXO-C/ANP/S decreased most obviously. This was because the gene drug siSNCA avoided the development of excessive -syn aggregation by reducing the synthesis of -syn, and curcumin could directly inhibit -syn aggregates. This result was consistent with our prediction. The gene-chem dual drug carrier relieves the pressure on neurons caused by the -syn aggregate through the synergistic effect of two drugs. In addition, through dot blot experiments, similar results further showed that the gene-chem dual drug carrier reduced phosphorylated -syn, conformation-specific -syn aggregates, and oligomer A11 molecules, which were related molecularly to the formation of -syn aggregates (fig. S4D). Obviously, it was proven that synergistic REXO-C/ANP/S had a delivery advantage at the cell level, and these contributed to substantially effective -syn aggregate clearance. Furthermore, the changes in cellular ROS activity of nanomedicine-treated cells indicated their roles in anti-inflammation. The ROS level was evaluated in SNCAmCherrySH-SY5Y cells, and the intracellular ROS content was tested by CLSM. Treating the cells with curcumin-containing nanomedicine caused 2.7 times of ROS decrease (fig. S5) compared with treatment with PBS. However, the nanocarrier without curcumin REXO-ANP/S had little contribution to ROS decrease. Therefore, the results indicated that the curcumin loading in REXO-C/ANP/S had a strong role in inflammation regulation, but siSNCA alone had a weaker effect on ROS level than others in a short period of 72 hours.
(A) Scheme of REXO-C/ANP/S synergistic effect against -syn. (B) Effect of NPs on decrease in -syn aggregates after NPs were incubated with SNCAmCherrySH-SY5Y cells. Scale bars, 100 m. (C) Mouse -synmCherry (anti-syn antibody) protein levels relative to -actin by Western blot. Western blot band of cells incubated with different NPs. I, PBS; II, nude C + S; III, C/BNP/S; IV, C/ANP/S; V, EXO-C/ANP/S; VI, REXO-C/ANP/siNonsense; VII, REXO-ANP/S; and VIII, REXO-C/ANP/S. (D) Total -syn protein levels were quantified relative to -actin. (E) Total SNCA mRNA expression levels were quantified by quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction. (F) Total -syn aggregate expression levels were quantified by ELISA. In (B) to (D) and (F), NPs were incubated with cells for 72 hours. In (E), NPs were incubated with cells for 36 hours. **P < 0.01 and ***P < 0.001.
In vivo, the enrichment of NPs in tissues is a key visualization tool for drug delivery. We detected drug distribution by using Kodak In-Vivo Imaging System FX Pro. Since curcumin itself has fluorescence property (excitation, 425 nm; emission, 530 nm), drug enrichment in the brain can be visualized in that the RVG29 peptide enhanced its accumulation in the brain (fig. S6, A and B). The accumulation of drug in the brain could last at least 48 hours (fig. S6, C and D). The drug was colocalized with tyrosine hydroxylasepositive (TH+) neurons in the substantia nigra (SN) region in mice brain (fig. S6E), which was essential for treatment. 1-Methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP)induced mice model of PD were vein injected with REXO-C/ANP/S and other control NPs (1 mg/kg siSNCA) every other day. After 10 times of administration, behavioral measurements were recorded. PD mice showed bradykinesia in the open field, and they traversed less in the middle region (Fig. 4A, II). Quantitative data in the open field for 30 min showed that their total distance decreased, movement speed slowed, and the rest time required was getting longer [Fig. 4, B to D (II)]. Mice in the NP groups showed a trend of improvement in exercise, especially the REXO-C/ANP/S group [Fig. 4, B to D (III to VI)]. In the pole experiment, the time to the tip of the rod was significantly reduced after the REXO-C/ANP/S treatment (Fig. 4E). This advantage was also shown in the brain sections after mouse dissection. Neuronal repair in the PD mice injected with REXO-C/ANP/S was better than in other groups (Fig. 4, F and G). In addition, hematoxylin-eosin staining of NP-treated mice organ slides indicated their safety without burden on the mice liver or other organs (fig. S7).
(A) Open-field traveled trace of normal mice and different NP-treated PD mice. (B) Total distance traveled of normal mice and different NP-treated PD mice in open field instrument. (C) Total speed of normal mice and different NP-treated PD mice in open field instrument. (D) Total rest time of normal mice and different NP-treated PD mice in open field instrument. (E) Time it took the mice to climb to the top in pole test. (F) TH immunohistochemistry staining (anti-TH antibody) of the brain slides in treated mice SN region. (G) Numbers of TH+ neurons in the treated mice brain SN region. *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01, and ***P < 0.001.
Furthermore, to explore the reasons for the superiority of the drug carrier REXO-C/ANP/S in neuroprotection, we discuss it from two aspects. First, the pathological substance -syn in the neurons was a key substance that was needed to be cleared. By staining the SN region of treated mice, we concluded that the synergistic drug-loading C/ANP/S nanocomplex played a role in the clearance of -syn in TH+ neurons, but the scavenging effects of EXO-C/ANP/S and REXO-C/ANP/S were more pronounced, especially the targeted NP REXO-C/ANP/S (Fig. 5, A and C). This is due to the superior delivery advantages of targeted exosomes. In addition, we also explored improvements in the mouse immune microenvironment. The results indicated that T cell activation in mice with PD could be cleared by the action of the imDC exosomes coating themselves. After the mice were treated with NPs, we found that EXO-C/ANP/S, especially REXO-C/ANP/S, could significantly increase the expression of Fox p3 in CD4-positive (CD4+) T cells (Fig. 5, B and D). In addition, REXO-C/ANP/S could significantly increase TGF- and IL-10 in PD (Fig. 5, E and F). It has been proven that TGF- signaling exerts anti-inflammatory effects, mainly neuroprotective effects. In addition, IL-22 and IL-17 were related to autoimmune diseases and were highly expressed as immune cytokines. Activated TH17 cells secrete and produce IL-22 and IL-17 immune cytokines. As a result, REXO-C/ANP/S could significantly decrease the IL-22 and IL-17 factors in PD (Fig. 5, G and H). The results indicated that the exosomes from imDC could inhibit the immune activation of PD and that the target modification further enhanced their effect. In comparison, C/ANP/S had almost no effect on the immune regulation but instead activated the immune system. The results indicated that the exosomes from imDC could inhibit the immune activation of PD and that the target modification further enhanced their effect. Moreover, by staining the SN region of treated mice with phospho S129 -syn antibody or polymerized -syn MJFR-14-6-4-2 antibody from Abcam, we detected in pathological -syn that the scavenging effects of EXO-C/ANP/S and REXO-C/ANP/S were more pronounced on phosphorylated -syn and aggregated -syn, especially the targeted NP REXO-C/ANP/S (Fig. 5I and fig. S8).
(A) Immunofluorescence staining (anti-TH antibody and anti-syn antibody) of normal mice and different NP-treated PD mice. Scale bars, 50 m. (B) Immunofluorescence staining (anti-CD4 antibody and antiFox p3 antibody) of normal mice and different NP-treated PD mice. Scale bars, 50 m. The amplify images were the images in the white square, with a 5-m scale bar. (C) -Syn mean fluorescence intensity in (A). (D) Fox p3 mean fluorescence intensity in (B). (E) IL-10 concentration in serum of PD mice treated with NPs. (F) TGF- concentration in serum of PD mice treated with NPs. (G) IL-22 concentration in serum of PD mice treated with NPs. (H) IL-17 concentration in serum of PD mice treated with NPs. (I) Conformation-specific -syn aggregate immunohistochemistry staining (anti-conformationspecific MJFR -syn aggregate antibody) of the brain slides in treated mice SN region. *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01, and ***P < 0.001.
In summary, combining the natural delivery advantages of exosomes with synthesized gene-chem nanocomplex, we designed a REXO coating gene-chem nanocomplex with high enrichment of drugs in the action site of a target cell. The role of REXO-C/ANP/S across the BBB and membrane fusion functions in -syn aggregate clearance was confirmed at the cellular and animal levels. Efficient delivery of siRNA and chemical drugs by the target exosomes reduced the -syn aggregates in diseased dopaminergic neurons (Fig. 6).
In addition, because of the natural immunomodulatory properties of the imDC exosomes, we discussed its role in clearing immune activation, which may be caused by -syn peptides (20). TH17 cells and Treg cells are CD4+ T cell subsets. It has been reported that TH17 cells have a strong inflammatory effect and play an important role in chronic inflammation and autoimmune diseases. Treg cells have obvious immunosuppressive effects and play an important role in immune tolerance and immune homeostasis. This delivery system can provide a functionalized vector for immunotherapy of neurodegenerative diseases (Fig. 6). This functionalization and exosome derived from imDC cells are inherited by major histocompatibility complex class II (MHC II), CD80, CD86, and other costimulatory factors on the surface of imDC cells so that they also have immunosuppressive functions. Thus, regulation of TH17 and Treg cell balance, which is inhibition of TH17 differentiation and promotion of Treg production to induce immune tolerance, and reconstruction of immune homeostasis in vivo may be a therapeutic approach to neuronal protection in addition to the accumulation of misfolded proteins. Certain pathological substances, such as amyloid- protein of Alzheimers disease, are mostly the pathogenic cause of neurodegenerative diseases. Therefore, it can provide an efficient strategy for the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases.
Curcumin was acquired from Melonepharma (Dalian, China), and siSNCA (table S1), Cy5-siSNCA, and negative control siSNCA (siNonsense, antisense strand, 5-GACAAAUGUUGGAGGAGCATT-3) were synthesized by GenePharma Company (Suzhou, China). RVG peptide was purchased from GL Biochem Ltd. Co. (Shanghai, China). Other chemicals in synthesis were from J&K Scientific Ltd. MTT and MPTP were obtained from Sigma-Aldrich. SH-SY5Y cells and SNCAmCherrySH-SY5Y cell line culture were the same as in the previous work (11).
BAP and BBP were synthesized according to the method reported in our laboratory (30). The polymer BAP and BBP were dissolved in 100 l of methanol to a concentration of 20 mg/ml, and curcumin was also dissolved in 100 l of methanol to a concentration of 4 mg/ml. After mixing the two, the mixture was added dropwise to 2 ml of water or 5% glucose solution. After 3000-Da dialysis for 12 hours, the micelles C/ANP and C/BNP were obtained. C/ANP or C/BNP was incubated with siSNCA for 30 min at the appropriate N/P to obtain C/ANP/S or C/BNP/S. The incubation results were analyzed by gel electrophoresis. The final used N/P ratio was 5/1.
In general, exosomes were obtained from the primary bone marrowderived imDC. Experimental animals were 6- to 8-week-old mice (C57BL/6), specific pathogenfree (SPF) grade, and from Weitonglihua Company (China). The femur and tibia were obtained from the euthanized mice, and the bone marrow was washed with RPMI 1640 medium. The red blood cells were lysed, and the remaining cells were suspended with complete medium [95% RPMI 1640 medium, 5% exosome-free fetal bovine serum, recombinant mouse granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (rmGM-CSF; 20 ng/ml), and IL-4 (20 ng/ml)]. The cells were cultured at 37C in an 5% CO2 incubator, and the complete medium was changed half per 2 days. The cell culture medium on the seventh day was collected. Next, the collected medium was configured at 400g at 4C for 5 min, the cells were removed, and the first supernatant was aspirated. Then, the supernatant was configured at 10,000g at 4C for 60 min, cell debris were removed, and the second supernatant was obtained. Next, the second supernatant was centrifuged in a 100-kDa ultrafiltration tube at 5000g at 4C for 30 min for three times, and 200 l of the concentrated medium supernatant solution was obtained. Therefore, cells and cell debris were removed by centrifugation, and concentrated medium was obtained from ultrafiltration. At last, the exosome fraction was collected by a qEV size exclusion column (Izon Science) to remove the protein and big vesicles. The obtained exosomes were measured for protein concentration by the BCA (bicinchoninic acid assay) kit, and 125 g of exosome was collected from one mouse. Exosomes were negatively stained with phosphotungstic acidnegative staining and observed under an electron microscope (JEM-1200EX).
RVG embedding exosome REXO was obtained by ultrasonic soaking for 5 min using an ultrasonic cleaner and cleaning three times by centrifugation through a 100-kDa ultrafiltration at 5000 revolutions per minute (rpm). REXO-C/ANP/S was prepared by ultrasonic soaking using a 40-kHz and 100-W ultrasonic cleaner for 15 min and cleaning three times by centrifugation through a 100-kDa ultrafiltration at 5000 rpm. Zeta potential and particle size of NPs were obtained by the Zetasizer Nano ZS90 (Malvern). The final mass ratio of C/ANP:siRNA:exosome was 4:1:0.5. NPs were observed under an electron microscope (JEM-1200EX).
Chitosan (10,000 to 20,000 molecular weight) was dissolved in 0.9 weight % NaCl HAc-NaAc buffer solution and was adjusted to pH 4.5. Two milliliters of chitosan solution was poured into a 60-ml oil phase (a mixture with liquid paraffintopetroleum ether ratio of 7:5), containing 1.8 g of Span 80, with 4000 rpm homogenization for 5 min, and then was washed with petroleum ether for three times. The natural drying chitosan microsphere initial emulsion was obtained. For chitosan microsphere adsorption, 60 l REXO-C/ANP/S was coincubated with 100 l of the chitosan microspheres obtained above, and then slides were prepared and observed under a confocal microscope (Zeiss LSM780).
Briefly, exosome and cells were lysed in reducing sample buffer [8% SDS, 0.25 M tris-HCl (pH 6.8), 40% glycerol, 5% 2-mercaptoethanol, and 0.04% bromophenol blue] and boiled for 10 min at 95C. Proteins were resolved by SDSpolyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, transferred to polyvinylidene fluoride membranes, blocked in 5% nonfat powdered milk in PBS-T (0.5% Tween 20), and probed with antibodies. They were incubated with antibodies (Abcam) and detected by an x-ray film after incubation with enhanced chemiluminescence reagent.
The NP-treated SH-SY5Y cells and SNCAmCherrySH-SY5Y cells were collected and analyzed by BD Calibur Flow cytometry (BD Co., USA). Cells were cultured in glass-bottom dishes (Cellvis), and the Cy5 mean fluorescence intensity and -synmCherry were calculated to measure the siRNA uptake using CLSM (Zeiss Co., Germany). Labeled exosome was obtained by incubating with 5 M of DiD for 30 min. The unincorporated dyes were removed using 300-kDa ultrafiltration centrifugation. DiI-labeled cell membrane was dissolved in the medium at a working concentration of 5 M. After coculture with the cells for 30 min, the medium was aspirated and washed repeatedly three times with the medium.
Experimental animals were 6- to 8-week-old mice (C57BL/6), SPF grade. MPTP was purchased from Sigma-Aldrich. The mice were intraperitoneally injected with MPTP (30 mg/kg) for seven consecutive days. In the treatment plan, mice were administered via tail vein injection with five numbers in each treatment group, and the cycle was once every other day for 10 times. After one treatment cycle, 100 l of blood was taken from the eyelids and collected. The total time of observation in the open field experiment was 30 min. Mouse IL-17A ELISA kit and mouse IL-10 ELISA kit were from LAIZEE, China. After the mice were euthanized, the brain was removed, paraffin sections were prepared, and the brain sections of the SN were stained with anti-syn, anti-TH, antiFox p3, and anti-CD4 antibody (Abcam). Presence of -syn aggregates in TH+ neurons and the presence of Fox p3 were analyzed by immune fluorescence staining. TH+ neurons were analyzed by immunohistochemistry staining. All procedures involving experimental animals were performed in accordance with protocols approved by the Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee of Peking University.
Acknowledgments: Funding: This work was financially supported by the Beijing Nova Program (Z201100006820140), the National High Technology Research and Development Program (2016YFA0200303), the National Natural Science Foundation of China (21905283, 31771095, and 21875254), and the Beijing Natural Science Foundation (2192057 and L172046). Author contributions: L.L., Y.L., and X.Z. designed the experiments. L.L., Y.L., H.P., R.L., W.J., and J.S. performed the experiments. L.L., Y.L., and X.Z. wrote the manuscript. Z.S. and G.M. edited the manuscript. All the authors analyzed the data and contributed to the paper. Competing interests: The authors declare that they have no competing interests. Data and materials availability: All data needed to evaluate the conclusions in the paper are present in the paper and/or the Supplementary Materials. Additional data related to this paper may be requested from the authors.
Nanomedicine Market: Industry Analysis and forecast 2026: By Modality, Diseases, Application and Region – Morning Tick
Nanomedicine Market was valued US$ XX Bn in 2018 and is expected to reach US$ XX Bn by 2026, at CAGR of XX% during forecast period of 2019 to 2026.
Nanomedicine Market Drivers and Restrains:Nanomedicine is an application of nanotechnology, which are used in diagnosis, treatment, monitoring, and control of biological systems. Nanomedicine usages nanoscale manipulation of materials to improve medicine delivery. Therefore, nanomedicine has facilitated the treatment against various diseases. The nanomedicine market includes products that are nanoformulations of the existing drugs and new drugs or are nanobiomaterials. The research and development of new devices as well as the diagnostics will become, more effective, enabling faster response and the ability to treat new diseases are likely to boost the market growth.
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The nanomedicine markets are driven by factors such as developing new technologies for drug delivery, increase acceptance of nanomedicine across varied applications, rise in government support and funding, the growing need for therapies that have fewer side effects and cost-effective. However, long approval process and risks associated with nanomedicine (environmental impacts) are hampering the market growth at the global level. An increase in the out-licensing of nanodrugs and growth of healthcare facilities in emerging economies are likely to create lucrative opportunities in the nanomedicine market.
The report study has analyzed revenue impact of covid-19 pandemic on the sales revenue of market leaders, market followers and disrupters in the report and same is reflected in our analysis.
Nanomedicine Market Segmentation Analysis:Based on the application, the nanomedicine market has been segmented into cardiovascular, neurology, anti-infective, anti-inflammatory, and oncology. The oncology segment held the dominant market share in 2018 and is projected to maintain its leading position throughout the forecast period owing to the rising availability of patient information and technological advancements. However, the cardiovascular and neurology segment is projected to grow at the highest CAGR of XX% during the forecast period due to presence of opportunities such as demand for specific therapeutic nanovectors, nanostructured stents, and implants for tissue regeneration.
Nanomedicine Market Regional Analysis:Geographically, the Nanomedicine market has been segmented into North America, the Europe, Asia Pacific, Latin America, and Middle East & Africa. North America held the largest share of the Nanomedicine market in 2018 due to the rising presence of patented nanomedicine products, the availability of advanced healthcare infrastructure and the rapid acceptance of nanomedicine. The market in Asia Pacific is expected to expand at a high CAGR of XX% during the forecast period thanks to rise in number of research grants and increase in demand for prophylaxis of life-threatening diseases. Moreover, the rising investments in research and development activities for the introduction of advanced therapies and drugs are predicted to accelerate the growth of this region in the near future.
Nanomedicine Market Competitive landscapeMajor Key players operating in this market are Abbott Laboratories, CombiMatrix Corporation, General Electric Company, Sigma-Tau Pharmaceuticals, Inc, and Johnson & Johnson. Manufacturers in the nanomedicine are focusing on competitive pricing as the strategy to capture significant market share. Moreover, strategic mergers and acquisitions and technological innovations are also the key focus areas of the manufacturers.
The objective of the report is to present a comprehensive analysis of Nanomedicine Market including all the stakeholders of the industry. The past and current status of the industry with forecasted market size and trends are presented in the report with the analysis of complicated data in simple language. The report covers all aspects of the industry with a dedicated study of key players that includes market leaders, followers and new entrants by region. PORTER, SVOR, PESTEL analysis with the potential impact of micro-economic factors by region on the market are presented in the report. External as well as internal factors that are supposed to affect the business positively or negatively have been analyzed, which will give a clear futuristic view of the industry to the decision-makers. The report also helps in understanding Nanomedicine Market dynamics, structure by analyzing the market segments and project the Nanomedicine Market size. Clear representation of competitive analysis of key players By Type, Price, Financial position, Product portfolio, Growth strategies, and regional presence in the Nanomedicine Market make the report investors guide.
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Scope of the Nanomedicine Market:
Nanomedicine Market by Modality:
Diagnostics TreatmentsNanomedicine Market by Diseases:
Oncological Diseases Infectious Diseases Cardiovascular Diseases Orthopedic Disorders Neurological Diseases Urological Diseases Ophthalmological Diseases Immunological DiseasesNanomedicine Market by Application:
Neurology Cardiovascular Anti-Inflammatory Anti-Infectives OncologyNanomedicine Market by Region:
Asia Pacific North America Europe Latin America Middle East AfricaNanomedicine Market Major Players:
Abbott Laboratories CombiMatrix Corporation General Electric Company Sigma-Tau Pharmaceuticals, Inc Johnson & Johnson Mallinckrodt plc. Merck & Company, Inc. Nanosphere, Inc. Pfizer, Inc. Teva Pharmaceutical Industries Ltd. Celgene Corporation UCB (Union Chimique Belge) S.A. AMAG Pharmaceuticals Nanospectra Biosciences, Inc. Arrowhead Pharmaceuticals, Inc. Leadiant Biosciences, Inc. Epeius Biotechnologies Corporation Cytimmune Sciences, Inc.
MAJOR TOC OF THE REPORT
Chapter One: Nanomedicine Market Overview
Chapter Two: Manufacturers Profiles
Chapter Three: Global Nanomedicine Market Competition, by Players
Chapter Four: Global Nanomedicine Market Size by Regions
Chapter Five: North America Nanomedicine Revenue by Countries
Chapter Six: Europe Nanomedicine Revenue by Countries
Chapter Seven: Asia-Pacific Nanomedicine Revenue by Countries
Chapter Eight: South America Nanomedicine Revenue by Countries
Chapter Nine: Middle East and Africa Revenue Nanomedicine by Countries
Chapter Ten: Global Nanomedicine Market Segment by Type
Chapter Eleven: Global Nanomedicine Market Segment by Application
Chapter Twelve: Global Nanomedicine Market Size Forecast (2019-2026)
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Nanomedicine Market: Industry Analysis and forecast 2026: By Modality, Diseases, Application and Region - Morning Tick
Tracked the behavior of nanoparticles in the body – FREE NEWS
Nanoparticles are actively used in medicine for diagnostics as contrast agents, as well as for the treatment of various diseases. However, the development of many new multifunctional nanoagents is hindered by the difficulty of monitoring their fate in the body. A collaboration of scientists, which included specialists from the Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, has developed a new non-invasive method for monitoring nanoparticles in the bloodstream, which has a high temporal resolution. The method made it possible to establish the main regularities that affect the life of particles in the bloodstream and seem promising for the development of more effective nanoagents for biomedical applications.
The results are published in the Journal of Controlled Release. Clinical applications of any nanoparticles require an accurate analysis of their behavior in the body, especially the residence time of nanoparticles in the bloodstream. It is this parameter that determines whether the nanoparticles will have time to spread throughout the body, reach their therapeutic target (for example, a tumor), and contact it. In addition, an unnecessarily long circulation time can be harmful, as it can lead to the accumulation of particles in healthy tissues and, accordingly, increase their side toxicity.
The circulation of nanoparticles in the bloodstream is studied today mainly using various methods of taking blood samples and analyzing the content of nanoagents in it. The problem with such methods is that often particles are removed from the bloodstream very quickly, sometimes even in a few minutes, and the researcher has time to take only 2-3 blood samples, which is not enough for a full analysis, comments Maxim Nikitin, co-author of the article, head of the laboratory nanobiotechnology MIPT.
In addition, the very procedure of sequential blood sampling brings stress to the body and can indirectly affect the circulation of nanoparticles. New non-invasive methods of tracking the fate of nanoparticles in the body are in great demand for the development of nanomedicine.
The authors of the work scientists from the Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, the Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry of the Russian Academy of Sciences, the A.M. Prokhorov Institute of General Physics of the Russian Academy of Sciences, the Moscow Engineering Physics Institute and the Sirius University applied the previously developed inductive magnetic particle quantification method (MPQ from English magnetic particle quantification) for non-invasive measurements of particle dynamics in blood.
To do this, they placed the tail of animals, mice or rabbits, into the magnetic coil of the device, then injected particles into the blood and monitored their concentration in the tail veins and arteries in real-time. Similar measurements can be carried out on a person, for example, by measuring particles with a magnetic coil in the hand or at the fingertips.
Studies have shown that the method used makes it possible to non-invasively register the kinetics of particles in the bloodstream, unique in terms of information content, and much easier than classical approaches. This allowed a detailed study of what could influence the behavior of particles in the bloodstream of animals. The researchers studied three groups of factors: the properties of the particles, the peculiarities of their introduction, and the state of the animals body.
Small negatively charged nanoparticles injected in high doses stayed in the bloodstream longer. In addition, it was found that if particles are injected into the blood several times in a row, the circulation of subsequent doses of particles is significantly prolonged.
Similar situations can occur in clinical practice, when a person is first injected with nanoagents that increase MRI contrast (magnetic particles), and then with therapeutic nanoparticles, for example, liposomes with drugs. We have shown that particles can influence each other, and this can be important in therapy, comments Ivan Zelepukin, the first author of the article and a junior researcher at the Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry of the Russian Academy of Sciences and MIPT.
An extremely important aspect turned out to be the state of the organism into which the particles are introduced. Thus, the circulation in mice of different genetic lines could differ several times, and the difference was observed only for small 50-nm particles, and not for larger nanoagents. In addition, if the animal had a developed tumor, the nanoparticles began to be removed from the blood faster, and the faster, the larger the volume of the cancerous tumor.
These facts in the work are associated with dynamic changes in the immune system and its greater ability to recognize foreign substances during the development of pathology. Usually, such information about the state of the body was previously ignored in experiments, therefore, with their results, the authors draw attention to the need to open this Pandoras box for the optimal design of nanodrugs.
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Tracked the behavior of nanoparticles in the body - FREE NEWS
Nanomedicine Market Overview by Technological Growth and Scope 2020 to 2025 – The Daily Chronicle
The Global Nanomedicine Market report provides information by Key Players, Geography, End users, Applications, Competitor analysis, Sales, Revenue, Price, Gross Margin, Market Share, Import-Export, Trends and Forecast.
Initially, the report provides a basic overview of the industry including definitions, classifications, applications and industry chain structure. The Nanomedicine market analysis is provided for the international markets including development trends, competitive landscape analysis, and key regions development status.
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Global Nanomedicine market competition by top manufacturers, with production, price, revenue (value) and market share for each manufacturer.
The Top players are GE Healthcare, Johnson & Johnson, Mallinckrodt plc, Merck & Co. Inc., Nanosphere Inc., Pfizer Inc., Sigma-Tau Pharmaceuticals Inc., Smith & Nephew PLC, Stryker Corp, Teva Pharmaceutical Industries Ltd., UCB (Union chimique belge) S.A.
The Report is segmented by types Regenerative Medicine, In-vitro & In-vivo Diagnostics, Vaccines, Drug Delivery and by the applications Clinical Cardiology, Urology, Genetics, Orthopedics, Ophthalmology,.
The report introduces Nanomedicine basic information including definition, classification, application, industry chain structure, industry overview, policy analysis, and news analysis. Insightful predictions for the Nanomedicine market for the coming few years have also been included in the report.
Development policies and plans are discussed as well as manufacturing processes and cost structures are also analyzed. This report also states import/export consumption, supply and demand Figures, cost, price, revenue and gross margins.
The report focuses on global major leading Nanomedicine Market players providing information such as company profiles, product picture and specification, capacity, production, price, cost, revenue and contact information. Upstream raw materials and equipment and downstream demand analysis is also carried out.
The Nanomedicine industry development trends and marketing channels are analyzed. Finally the feasibility of new investment projects are assessed and overall research conclusions offered.
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Major Points from the Table of Contents
1 Nanomedicine Market Overview
2 Global Nanomedicine Market Competition by Manufacturers
3 Global Nanomedicine Capacity, Production, Revenue (Value) by Region)
4 Global Nanomedicine Supply (Production), Consumption, Export, Import by Region
5 Global Nanomedicine Production, Revenue (Value), Price Trend by Type
6 Global Nanomedicine Market Analysis by Application
7 Global Nanomedicine Manufacturers Profiles/Analysis
8 Nanomedicine Manufacturing Cost Analysis
9 Industrial Chain, Sourcing Strategy and Downstream Buyers
10 Marketing Strategy Analysis, Distributors/Traders
11 Market Effect Factors Analysis
12 Global Nanomedicine Market Forecast
13 Research Findings and Conclusion
14 Appendix
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Nanomedicine Market Overview by Technological Growth and Scope 2020 to 2025 - The Daily Chronicle
Healthcare Nanotechnology (Nanomedicine) Market is Set to Garner … – MilTech
Nanotechnology is one of the most promising technologies in 21st century. Nanotechnology is a term used when technological developments occur at 0.1 to 100 nm scale. Nano medicine is a branch of nanotechnology which involves medicine development at molecular scale for diagnosis, prevention, treatment of diseases and even regeneration of tissues and organs. Thus it helps to preserve and improve human health. Nanomedicine offers an impressive solution for various life threatening diseases such as cancer, Parkinson, Alzheimer, diabetes, orthopedic problems, diseases related to blood, lungs, neurological, and cardiovascular system.
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Development of a new nenomedicine takes several years which are based on various technologies such as dendrimers, micelles, nanocrystals, fullerenes, virosome nanoparticles, nanopores, liposomes, nanorods, nanoemulsions, quantum dots, and nanorobots.
In the field of diagnosis, nanotechnology based methods are more precise, reliable and require minimum amount of biological sample which avoid considerable reduction in consumption of reagents and disposables. Apart from diagnosis, nanotechnology is more widely used in drug delivery purpose due to nanoscale particles with larger surface to volume ratio than micro and macro size particle responsible for higher drug loading. Nano size products allow to enter into body cavities for diagnosis or treatment with minimum invasiveness and increased bioavailability. This will not only improve the efficacy of treatment and diagnosis, but also reduces the side effects of drugs in case of targeted therapy.
Global nanomedicine market is majorly segmented on the basis of applications in medicines, targeted disease and geography. Applications segment includes drug delivery (carrier), drugs, biomaterials, active implant, in-vitro diagnostic, and in-vivo imaging. Global nanomedicine divided on the basis of targeted diseases or disorders in following segment: neurology, cardiovascular, oncology, anti-inflammatory, anti-infective and others. Geographically, nanomedicine market is classified into North America, Europe, Asia Pacific, Latin America, and MEA. Considering nanomedicine market by application, drug delivery contribute higher followed by in-vitro diagnostics. Global nanomedicine market was dominated by oncology segment in 2012 due to ability of nanomedicine to cross body barriers and targeted to tumors specifically however cardiovascular nanomedicine market is fastest growing segment. Geographically, North America dominated the market in 2013 and is expected to maintain its position in the near future. Asia Pacific market is anticipated to grow at faster rate due to rapid increase in geriatric population and rising awareness regarding health care. Europe is expected to grow at faster rate than North America due to extensive product pipeline portfolio and constantly improving regulatory framework.
Major drivers for nanomedicine market include improved regulatory framework, increasing technological know-how and research funding, rising government support and continuous increase in the prevalence of chronic diseases such as obesity, diabetes, cancer, kidney disorder, and orthopedic diseases. Some other driving factors include rising number of geriatric population, awareness of nanomedicine application and presence of high unmet medical needs. Growing demand of nanomedicines from the end users is expected to drive the market in the forecast period. However, market entry of new companies is expected to bridge the gap between supply and demand of nanomedicines. Above mentioned drivers currently outweigh the risk associated with nanomedicines such as toxicity and high cost. At present, cancer is one of the major targeted areas in which nanomedicines have made contribution. Doxil, Depocyt, Abraxane, Oncospar, and Neulasta are some of the examples of pharmaceuticals formulated using nanotechnology.
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Key players in the global nanomedicine market include: Abbott Laboratories, CombiMatrix Corporation, GE Healthcare, Sigma-Tau Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Johnson & Johnson, Mallinckrodt plc, Merck & Company, Inc., Nanosphere, Inc., Pfizer, Inc., Celgene Corporation, Teva Pharmaceutical Industries Ltd., and UCB (Union chimique belge) S.A.
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Healthcare Nanotechnology (Nanomedicine) Market is Set to Garner ... - MilTech
Healthcare Nanotechnology (Nanomedicine) Market Development, Trends, Key Driven Factors, Segmentation And Forecast to 2020-2026 – Cole of Duty
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The report is a compilation of different studies, including regional analysis where leading regional Healthcare Nanotechnology (Nanomedicine) markets are comprehensive studied by market experts. Both developed and developing regions and countries are covered in the report for a 360-degree geographic analysis of the Healthcare Nanotechnology (Nanomedicine) market. The regional analysis section helps readers to become familiar with the growth patterns of important regional Healthcare Nanotechnology (Nanomedicine) markets. It also provides information on lucrative opportunities available in key regional Healthcare Nanotechnology (Nanomedicine) markets.
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Table of Content
1 Introduction of Healthcare Nanotechnology (Nanomedicine) Market
1.1 Overview of the Market1.2 Scope of Report1.3 Assumptions
2 Executive Summary
3 Research Methodology
3.1 Data Mining3.2 Validation3.3 Primary Interviews3.4 List of Data Sources
4 Healthcare Nanotechnology (Nanomedicine) Market Outlook
4.1 Overview4.2 Market Dynamics4.2.1 Drivers4.2.2 Restraints4.2.3 Opportunities4.3 Porters Five Force Model4.4 Value Chain Analysis
5 Healthcare Nanotechnology (Nanomedicine) Market, By Deployment Model
5.1 Overview
6 Healthcare Nanotechnology (Nanomedicine) Market, By Solution
6.1 Overview
7 Healthcare Nanotechnology (Nanomedicine) Market, By Vertical
7.1 Overview
8 Healthcare Nanotechnology (Nanomedicine) Market, By Geography
8.1 Overview8.2 North America8.2.1 U.S.8.2.2 Canada8.2.3 Mexico8.3 Europe8.3.1 Germany8.3.2 U.K.8.3.3 France8.3.4 Rest of Europe8.4 Asia Pacific8.4.1 China8.4.2 Japan8.4.3 India8.4.4 Rest of Asia Pacific8.5 Rest of the World8.5.1 Latin America8.5.2 Middle East
9 Healthcare Nanotechnology (Nanomedicine) Market Competitive Landscape
9.1 Overview9.2 Company Market Ranking9.3 Key Development Strategies
10 Company Profiles
10.1.1 Overview10.1.2 Financial Performance10.1.3 Product Outlook10.1.4 Key Developments
11 Appendix
11.1 Related Research
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Healthcare Nanotechnology (Nanomedicine) Market Development, Trends, Key Driven Factors, Segmentation And Forecast to 2020-2026 - Cole of Duty
Novartis signs collaboration deal with Parvus for diabetes nanomedicine – Pharmaceutical Business Review
PBR Staff Writer Published 20 April 2017
Pharma giant Novartis has acquired the exclusive, worldwide rights for Parvus Therapeutics Navacim technology for type 1 diabetes (T1D) treatment.
Novartishas also made an undisclosed equity investment inCanada-based Parvus.
Under the terms, Novartis will develop and market products made from the Navacim technology besides taking responsibility of its clinical-stage development and commercialization efforts.
Parvus CEO Janice M LeCocq said: This is a transformative collaboration for Parvus. We are excited by this strong endorsement of the science behind our Navacim platform, as well as the opportunity to collaborate closely with a globally recognized leader in the field of immunology and autoimmune disease.
"This will augment our resources across the Navacim platform and accelerate the development of our T1D program.
We are also pursuing the development of multiple Navacims that target autoimmune diseases where there is high unmet need for disease-modifying drugs without causing systemic immunosuppression.
Parvus, which has secured an upfront payment for the rights, will handle the existing preclinical activities for the T1D program. It will file the Investigational New Drug (IND) jointly with Novartis through a jointly formed steering committee.
The Canadian pharma will also get funding for its research that will back the preclinical activities of Navacim.
Further, it will be entitled to receivedevelopment, regulatory and sales milestone payments. Along with them, it will get product royalties from the Swiss pharma giant, Novartis.
According to Parvus, Navacims comprise nanoparticles (NPs) coated with disease-relevant peptide-major histocompatibility complexes (pMHCs) that modify the behavior of T lymphocytes which are known to cause the disease.
They are claimed by Parvus to have the ability to specifically treat the autoimmune disease without increasing the risk of infection.
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Novartis signs collaboration deal with Parvus for diabetes nanomedicine - Pharmaceutical Business Review
Nanobiotix Announces the Start of the Roadshow for Its Proposed Global Offering and Proposed Nasdaq Listing – Business Wire
PARIS & CAMBRIDGE, Mass.--(BUSINESS WIRE)--NANOBIOTIX (Paris:NANO) (Euronext: NANO ISIN : FR0011341205 the Company), a clinical-stage nanomedicine company pioneering new approaches to the treatment of cancer, today announced the start of its roadshow in connection with its intention to issue and sell, subject to market and other conditions, 6,500,000 ordinary shares of the Company in an initial public offering of American Depositary Shares (ADSs), each representing one ordinary share, in the United States (the U.S. Offering) and a concurrent offering of ordinary shares in certain jurisdictions outside of the United States (the European Offering and, together with the U.S. Offering, the Global Offering). The Company intends to grant the underwriters for the Global Offering (the Underwriters) a 30-day option to purchase additional ADSs and/or ordinary shares in an aggregate amount of up to 15% of the total number of ADSs and ordinary shares proposed to be sold in the Global Offering.
All securities to be sold in the Global Offering will be offered by the Company. The Company has applied to list its ADSs on the Nasdaq Global Market under the ticker symbol "NBTX." The Companys ordinary shares are listed on the regulated market of Euronext in Paris under the symbol "NANO."
Jefferies LLC is acting as global coordinator and joint book-running manager for the Global Offering, and Evercore Group, L.L.C. and UBS Securities LLC are acting as joint book-running managers for the U.S. Offering. Jefferies International Limited and Gilbert Dupont are acting as managers for the European Offering.
The offering price per ADS in U.S. dollars and the corresponding offering price per ordinary share in euros, as well as the final number of ADSs and ordinary shares sold in the Global Offering, will be determined following a bookbuilding process.
The ADSs and/or ordinary shares will be issued through a capital increase without shareholders preferential subscription rights by way of a public offering excluding offerings referred to in Article L. 411-2 1 of the French Monetary and Financial Code (Code montaire et financier) and under the provisions of Article L.225-136 of the French Commercial Code (Code de commerce) and pursuant to the 2nd and 7th resolutions of the Company's extraordinary general shareholders' meeting held on November 30, 2020.
The European Offering will be open only to qualified investors as such term is defined in article 2(e) of the regulation (EU) 2017/1129 of the European Parliament and of the Council of June 14, 2017.
The securities referred to in this press release will be offered only by means of a prospectus. When available, copies of the preliminary prospectus relating to and describing the terms of the Global Offering may be obtained from Jefferies LLC, 520 Madison Avenue New York, NY 10022, or by telephone at 877-547-6340 or 877-821-7388, or by email at Prospectus_Department@Jefferies.com; or from Evercore Group L.L.C., Attention: Equity Capital Markets, 55 East 52nd Street, 35th Floor, New York, New York 10055, or by telephone at 888-474-0200, or by email at ecm.prospectus@evercore.com; or from UBS Securities LLC, Attention: Prospectus Department, 1285 Avenue of the Americas, New York, New York 10019, or by telephone at 888-827-7275, or by email at ol-prospectusrequest@ubs.com.
A registration statement on Form F-1 relating to the securities referred to herein has been filed with the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) but has not yet become effective. These securities may not be sold, nor may offers to buy be accepted, prior to the time the registration statement becomes effective. The registration statement can be accessed by the public on the website of the SEC.
Application will be made to list the new ordinary shares to be issued pursuant to the Global Offering on the regulated market of Euronext in Paris pursuant to a listing prospectus subject to an approval from the French Autorit des marchs financiers (AMF) and comprising the 2019 Universal Registration Document (Document d'Enregistrement Universel) of the Company approved by the AMF on May 12, 2020 under number R. 20-010, as amended by its amendment filed with the AMF on November 20, 2020 under number D.20-0339-A01 and a Securities Note (Note dopration), including a summary of the prospectus. Copies of the 2019 Universal Registration Document and its amendment are available free of charge at the Companys head office located at 60, rue de Wattignies, 75012 Paris, France, on the Companys website (www.nanobiotix.com) and on the website of the AMF (www.amf-france.org).
This press release does not constitute an offer to sell or the solicitation of an offer to buy securities in any jurisdiction, and shall not constitute an offer, solicitation or sale in any jurisdiction in which such offer, solicitation or sale would be unlawful prior to registration or qualification under the securities laws of that jurisdiction.
About NANOBIOTIX
Incorporated in 2003, Nanobiotix is a leading, clinical-stage nanomedicine company pioneering new approaches to significantly change patient outcomes by bringing nanophysics to the heart of the cell.
The Nanobiotix philosophy is rooted in designing pioneering, physical-based approaches to bring highly effective and generalized solutions to address unmet medical needs and challenges.
Nanobiotixs novel, proprietary lead technology, NBTXR3, aims to expand radiotherapy benefits for millions of cancer patients. Nanobiotixs Immuno-Oncology program has the potential to bring a new dimension to cancer immunotherapies.
Nanobiotix is listed on the regulated market of Euronext in Paris (Euronext: NANO / ISIN: FR0011341205; Bloomberg: NANO: FP). Its headquarters are in Paris, France. Nanobiotix has a subsidiary, Curadigm, located in France and the United States, as well as a US affiliate in Cambridge, MA, and European affiliates in France, Spain and Germany.
Disclaimer
This press release contains certain forward-looking statements concerning the Global Offering as well as Nanobiotix and its business, including its prospects and product candidate development. Such forward-looking statements are based on assumptions that Nanobiotix considers to be reasonable. However, there can be no assurance that the estimates contained in such forward-looking statements will be verified, which estimates are subject to numerous risks including the risks set forth in the universal registration document of Nanobiotix registered with the AMF under number R.20-010 on May 12, 2020 and in its amendment filed with the AMF under number D.20-0339-A01 on November 20, 20 (copies of which are available on http://www.nanobiotix.com) and to the development of economic conditions, financial markets and the markets in which Nanobiotix operates. The forward-looking statements contained in this press release are also subject to risks not yet known to Nanobiotix or not currently considered material by Nanobiotix. The occurrence of all or part of such risks could cause actual results, financial conditions, performance or achievements of Nanobiotix to be materially different from such forward-looking statements.
This press release has been prepared in both French and English. In the event of any differences between the two texts, the French language version shall supersede.
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Nanobiotix Announces the Start of the Roadshow for Its Proposed Global Offering and Proposed Nasdaq Listing - Business Wire
Personalized Cancer Nanomedicine – Video
Personalized Cancer Nanomedicine
Speaker: Prof. Dr. med. Simo Schwartz, Jr., PhD, Nanomedicine Coordinator Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Research Center for Nanomedicine (CIBBIM), Vall...
By: TAUVOD
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Personalized Cancer Nanomedicine - Video