Meat eater or not, the U.S.’s abundant food supply is to thank for our choices – AG Week

It was no big deal diets are personal choices that ought to be respected. Years ago, a friend whose family raised beef cattle returned from college and said that he had stopped consuming meat, eggs and milk because a new girlfriend convinced him the meat industry was inhumane.

Being a meat-and-potatoes person and farm-raised, I objected to his condemnation of an entire industry. A farmer who abuses livestock wont last long in a demanding industry. The livestock community also works at self-policing and urges farmers to use best husbandry practices.

Per capita consumption of livestock and poultry meats since 1960 reached a high of 149.6 pounds in 1971 and stood at 110.1 pounds in 2020. Approximately 3% of the U.S. population considers themselves vegetarians, which represents a modest growth in recent years.

There was a time when it seemed that nearly every Hollywood starlet credited vegetarianism for maintaining their youthful appearance and some celebrity doctors urged avoiding meat. The pendulum has swung a bit back to all things in moderation.

It was unthinkable that my friends eating habits, and philosophy, could be turned on its head after one year of college.

He said he felt healthier eating more fruits and vegetables and admitted to but one vice Jell-O, which was introduced more than 100 years before. Pearle Wait and his wife, May, made cough medicine in their home before concocting a fruit-flavored dessert they called Jell-O. Lacking funds to develop the product, they sold the trademark to a deep-pocketed businessman for $450.

My friend may not have been well-informed about vegetarianism because he did not know that a key ingredient in Jell-O is gelatin, which is an animal collagen found in animal tendons, ligaments, and bones. A bit self-defensive, he said at least his vices dont include hot dogs.

Do you know whats in a hot dog? he asked.

I never needed to know mostly because Mother possessed great skill in curing our meat in the smokehouse, a small and modest building that resembled a one-seater outhouse. Hams, bacon and sausage were smoked with hard maple and corncobs. Blood and liver sausage as well as headcheese kept us well fed.

Headcheese ingredients head jowl, tongue, and other meat made for a great sandwich splashed with vinegar. Mother mixed the sausage ingredients in the same huge metal bowl that she used in bread-making.

Eldest daughter Sarah upended our household when it was decided to butcher her 4-H steer. Sarah vowed that if we followed through on the decision, she would never eat meat again. A compromise was reached in which we traded her steer for a neighbors fattened animal. A similar standoff ensued and eventually solved when daughter Rachels pet turkey was harvested.

The German prisoners of war who weeded fields were thankful that they hadnt been captured by the Soviets and had plenty of food to eat. As the war took its grim toll back at home, the German population filled their bellies with bread with sawdust as its main ingredient. Sawdust shaped in pork roast form eased hunger pangs.

Vegetarian or meat eater, the United States is blessed with abundant food. We are reminded as the weather turns cold, and Thanksgiving approaches that food insecurity is worsening. Local food shelves need donations to restock shelves as the holidays approach.

Consumers, in recent months, have been shocked that some items that they routinely purchase cannot be found on store shelves. Suppliers say that spot shortages will gradually work themselves out as the pandemic eases.

To read more of Mychal Wilmes' Farm Boy Memories, click here.

Mychal Wilmes is the retired managing editor of Agri News. He lives in West Concord, Minn., with his wife, Kathy.

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Meat eater or not, the U.S.'s abundant food supply is to thank for our choices - AG Week

A Heartfelt Ode to Indias Love Affair with Vegetarian and Vegan Cuisine – The Hindu BusinessLine

While the trajectory of vegetarianism and veganism the world over has been a mercurial one, over the last few decades or so, it is undoubtedly at its zenith today. It is no great surprise that it took a pandemic to put the two intimately related concepts into greater focus and scrutiny. Thus, giving them a certain gravitas and staying power like never before. Healthy, clean, plant-basedall buzzwords that smack us in the solar plexus almost everywhere we look today.

A perfectly timed cookbook,Tarkariby RohitGhai takes full advantage of the zeitgeist. Having grown up in a vegetarian family in Punjab, the Michelin-starred chefwho has to his credit the opening of super successful restaurants like Kutir and KoolCha in Londonchannels his vegetarian roots very effectively. All this to come up with an almost seminal ode to vegetarianism in all itsdesiglory. A well-curated collection of recipes that revels in its simplistic, yet often experimental take on Indian vegetarian and vegan dishes. Almost each one of them reflect some much-needed heart and soul.

Vegging Out

Never mind Wikipedias rather pithy and wildly erroneous take on what a tarkari is by calling it,a spicy vegetable curry, originally from the Indian subcontinent. This eponymous cookbook celebrates the Bengali word (torkari) or any vegetable dish, the way it was intended to be. Plain and simple.

Keeping simplicity at the fore (and core!) of this book, chef Rohit Ghai's easy recipes seem to stem from something he remembers his mother often saying... If you can cook with your heart and soul, you dont need special ingredients. With this, his first cookbook, Ghai managers to dispel the myth that Indian food is overly complicated with lengthy recipes. He harnesses his love for simple, home-style dishes with recipes for a rusticPindi chana(pg. 142), an ubiquitouspalak paneer(pg. 134)where he recommends using a 50-50 blend of pured and chopped spinach for a unique textureand a fool proof butter naan recipe (pg. 157) to mop it all up with.

Vegan Vows

With a sizable chunk of his recipes paying obeisance at the altar of vegan cuisine, Ghai pulls it off with aplomb. He does this by showing us his very apparent reverence...nay, obsession with rapeseed oil. One that finds itself as the fat component in almost every second recipe in this book. Replacing the much-loved butter andgheein a few traditional recipes likebaingan ka bharta(pg. 102) andpaneer makhani(pg. 116).

The book also does its best to hero a rapidly emerging 'superstar' in the vegetarian, mock meatworldjackfruit. This truly versatile, fibrous vegetable (or, is a fruit!?),finds itself in both a jackfruit masala (pg. 88) and in a jackfruit biryani (pg. 148). The latter being a somewhat complex preparation to navigate around, but worth the stress. Trust me, I tried it out and lived and loved to tell the tale!

Exotic Bites

Extending his repertoire beyond Indias borders, by paying homage to a fewtarkaridishes from around the Indian subcontinentand Nepal in particularare a few exotic (to me, at least!) recipes. Ghai speaks of his time in the Himalayan country, where he was based for his regional cuisines qualifications as a chef-in-training, with nostalgia.

Recipes liketareko aloo(pg. 56), the beans and pulses-richkwati (pg. 127), the leafy, greenpalungo ko saag(pg. 141) and the yummy rice-basedbhute ko bhat(pg. 146) put the spotlight on Nepali cuisine like never before. A cuisine that is robust and flavourful. And a perfect blend of Indian and Tibetan influences.

Ghai continues to flirt with the exotic via an array of jazzed up, fusion style dishes.We see seaweed making an appearance in the vegan chickpea and samphire salad (pg. 61) a riff on a South Indiansundal. This one jostles for space with a Brussels sprouts poriyal (pg. 128). Kashmiri morels make an appearance in hisbharwan guchhi(pg. 81), while the super trendy avocado finds itself in a chutney form (pg. 178).

The book even features an 'elevated' version (not that it needs any elevation) of a vegan mushroom and trufflekhichdi(pg. 99) that has become one of Ghais signature dishes at Kutir. Teaching us an important lesson that simple and boring are very much at opposing ends of the spectrum.

Meh! Moments

As much as I relished this book with almost manic gusto, it isnt a perfect one. A few red herrings seemed to surface every now and again. One of the fundamental issues I had with the book is that the pictures and styling of the dishes werent very evocative of what they sought to highlight. Indian food, for me, is all about colour and abundance. The colour-saturated visuals lack that much-needed vibrancy and zest. As does the styling which leans towards a more western aesthetic and sensibility in its austere and almost stark display.

At the risk of being accused of nit-picking, I also found the addition of a sole, French dessert (from Lyon and Burgundy) la poached pears (pg. 182) at great odds with the others in a section named meetha. One that is otherwise laden with gems of the Indian dessert table likemalpua(pg. 187), carrot halwa (pg. 193) andphirni(pg. 194) to name an illustrious, yet humble few.

Tarkari

Hachette India

RohitGhai

208 pages; Rs. 999

Check the book out on Amazon

(A wearer of many hats in the food and travel space, Mumbai-based Raul Dias is a food-travel writer, a restaurant reviewer, and a food consultant)

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A Heartfelt Ode to Indias Love Affair with Vegetarian and Vegan Cuisine - The Hindu BusinessLine

Non-vegetarianism affects the whole humanity – – Avenue Mail

By LalitGarg

World Non-Veg Prevention Day is observed every year on 25 November, the main purpose of celebrating this day is to be sensitive towards animal violence and motivate people towards vegetarianism.The main motive of this day is to develop a civilized, balanced and non-violent society. From world history till today, great men who have walked on non-violent ideology have been known with great respect. While great men like Lord Mahavira, Mahatma Buddha and Mahatma Gandhi made India their identity in the world through non-violence, they made people aware of non-violence and vegetarianism. Then why even today, from the country to the world, everywhere from city to village, peoples food is based on meat, due to which millions of innocent animals fall prey to human diet. Science also says that vegetarianism is the best food to prevent all kinds of diseases, from consuming non-vegetarian food where mental disorders arise. Even in the Corona epidemic, vegetarianism has been accepted as the most safe, suitable and healthy food.

At the time of the Corona catastrophe, the voice of change in the food for the happy life and health of human beings is heard all over the world. The number of people who give up non-vegetarian food is increasing not only in India but in the world. According to a recent survey conducted by global research company Ipsos, 63 % of Indians are now adopting vegetarianism instead of non-vegetarian food. According to news, 1.5 million people in America are vegetarian. 10.5% of the population of the Netherlands was vegetarian ten years ago, while currently 5% of the people there are vegetarian. According to the well-known Gallup poll, three thousand people are becoming vegetarian every week in England. There are now more than 25 million people who are vegetarian. The shortness of life due to increasing diseases has forced a person to adopt vegetarianism; the truth is that vegetarianism is an advanced lifestyle, safe diet.

Doctors around the world have proved that vegetarian food is the best for good health. A balanced diet consisting of fruits, herbs, vegetables, different types of pulses, seeds and milk products etc. does not produce any poisonous elements in the food. The main reason for this is that when an animal is killed it becomes a dead substance. This does not apply with vegetables. If a vegetable is cut in half and sowed in the ground, then it will be produced again as a vegetable tree. Because it is a living substance. But this cannot be said for a sheep, lamb or a rooster. Other specific discoveries have also revealed that when an animal is killed, it becomes so frightened that the toxic elements emanating and spread all over its body and those poisonous elements are in the form of flesh. Then after eating the animal flesh the same toxins have been transferred into the body of humans. Our body is not capable of completely removing those poisonous elements. The result is high blood pressure, heart and kidney disease, etc.

Therefore, it is absolutely necessary that in terms of health, we should be completely vegetarian while prohibiting non-vegetarian food. Nature has made man vegetarian by nature. No laborious animal consumes animal flesh, be it horse or camel, bull or elephant. Then why does a human being become non vegetarian, contrary to his nature; spread fatal diseases and deformities of the world?

Eating meat only for taste is not only violence but also the culmination of the nature of forgiveness. In the Sushruta Samhita:, it is written that cooking food is a sacred act like a yajna. A carnivore produces poisonous elements that make a person cruel and violent, reducing his bodys immunity and making him prone to other diseases like blood pressure and heart diseases.Tamsik food produces deformities like anger and laziness in the human body. It is also said that the food should be eaten as it is.

Mahatma Gandhi used to say that taste is not in substance, but in mans own tongue. Far from opposing non-vegetarianism in the country of Gandhi, who controlled the taste of tongues with neem, it is worrisome that in some areas, the emphasis on non-vegetarianism is worrisome, even shameful for the non-violence worshipers. The meat industry has been adopting various tactics to encourage and promote meat eating. Such mischiefs have been happening in India too. The business people have been undertaking such so-called cruel and religious beliefs taken for granted for their own benefit and also for the promotion and use of meat and eggs.

The poultry industry tried its best to spread its commercial net by promoting eggs as vegetarian and non-living. But it is auspicious dialogue that now vegetarianism has started in India, making it a lifestyle of the people is a moral obligation of every enlightened citizen in favour of non-violence and against the ruthless killing of innocent creatures and unborn seedlings for the sake of happiness. It is the first duty of everyone to prepare the public.

Efforts have been made to promote vegetarianism in India, not only in India but the great intellectuals of the world, e.g. Aristotle, Plato, Leonardo Davinci, Shakespeare, Darwin, P. H. Huxley, Emerson, Einstein, George Bernard Shaw, H.G. Wells, Sir Julian Huxley, Leo Tolstoy, Shelly, Russo, etc. were all vegetarians. In terms of human structure, we will see that vegetarian food is our natural food. Americas world-renowned nutritionist Dr. Michael Klepper says that the yellow part of the egg is the largest source of cholesterol and frozen lubricants in the world, which is fatal to health.

Today the biggest problem in the world is to prevent further peace of world peace and violence. There are clouds of violence and terrorism everywhere. If they can be stopped, then only by propelling human nature towards non-violence and vegetarianism. We also have a duty under Article 51A (G) of the Indian Constitution to have mercy on all living beings and remember that if we cannot provide life to someone, then we have no right to take his life. The question is why then we have been undertaking extensive efforts to develop and encourage slaughterhouses here? After all, why have we become so insensitive?

In the last few years, a large number of vegetarians have been seen in western countries ever since new researches have proved that vegetarianism is safer as human food. Not only this, people have also come to understand that non-vegetarianism is not just the cause of diseases, but are contrary to non-violence, peace, environment, agriculture, morality and human values. It is also negative for the economy. Modernism has become synonymous in the West. People can be seen taking pride in declaring themselves vegetarian as leaders of this new trend.

The ideology of Western philosophies, which once used to consider meat eating as the most suitable, has started to turn towards vegetarianism. This should be called a good sign in favour of vegetarianism from many perspectives. Non-vegetarians are the cause of many problems and this is causing tremendous damage to agriculture. In Ayurveda, non veg has been called the home of diseases. The flag-bearer of agro-culture has always been a driver of many values like non-violence and love. It is important that central and state governments can solve the problem of food grains of the country by closing slaughterhouses, while at the same time they can also solve the problem of water, environment, dwindling livestock, milk, ghee and fertilizer. The employment that crores of people will get is different. Promoting vegetarianism means enhanced health as well as improved economy and progressive lifestyle. If we can educate the coming generations about vegetarianism, and tell people about its benefits, and advise them to eat non-vegetarian food, then it will be a real meaning to celebrate World Non-Vegetarian Prevention Day.

(Lalit Garg is a Journalist, columnist, writer and member of Rajbhasa samiti, Ministry of Home Affairs. The views expressed are personal opinion of the author. He can be reached at lalirgarg11@gmail.com)

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Non-vegetarianism affects the whole humanity - - Avenue Mail

Research Radio Ep 14: The Myth of Vegetarianism in India – Economic and Political Weekly

In this episode, we speak to Balmurli Natarajan and Suraj Jacob about the politics of vegetarianism in India.

At best, only three in ten Indians are vegetarians, and more realistically less than two in ten are vegetarians. Yet, India is often portrayed as a land of vegetarians in popular culture. Our guests will probe this representation, and reveal how vegetarianism varies across caste, religion, class, gender, state and time.

We will speak toBalmurli Natarajan and Suraj Jacob about the politics of vegetarianism in India.Dr Jacob is a political economist afliated with Azim Premji University, Bengaluru and Centre for Development Studies, Trivandrum. Dr Natrajan is an anthropologist afliated with William Paterson University of New Jersey, United States and Azim Premji University, Bengaluru. We will discuss their EPW articles titled"'Provincialising' Vegetarianism:Putting Indian Food Habits in Their Place" and "Deepening Divides:The Caste, Class and Regional Face of Vegetarianism."

Subscribe to Research Radio to stay tuned to our entire season. Do listen to our previous episodes if you have not already.

1 February 2021

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Research Radio Ep 14: The Myth of Vegetarianism in India - Economic and Political Weekly

How Taco Bell Turned Its Back on Indian Americans – Grub Street

Photo: Lynne Gilbert/Moment Editorial/Getty Images

When I was 8 years old, I lived in a town so small that my family would drive 30 minutes to the nearest Taco Bell for takeout. By the time wed driven back home, the food would be cold and slightly soggy. It was still the highlight of each week.

My family is one of the many Indian families who immigrated to the United States in the second major wave of migration from the 1980s to the mid-1990s. I started preschool in the U.S., and its fair to say that my childhood was defined by the trappings of American culture. I primarily spoke English, I made white American friends, and I watched American TV. Outwardly I was an average American kid. At home, though, I lived an alternate identity. My Indian parents spoke our native tongue of Gujarati, watched Bollywood movies, spent time with Indian friends, and most notably, exclusively cooked and ate vegetarian Indian food.

At the time, burgers and pizza were unfamiliar territory for Indians migrating to the West. Alternatively, vegetarianism was a largely foreign concept to Americans in the 90s and it had certainly not broken through to the mainstream chains we coveted as we struggled to find a place in American culture. Eating out was, for people like us, just not a thing.

Growing up as a vegetarian in Texas, which was hardly understood 30 years ago, it was next to impossible to find vegetarian-friendly food, much less vegetarian fast food, says Akansha Sharma, a senior product marketing manager from Houston. It was and still is really novel to look at a menu and be able to order anything, which is possible as a vegetarian at Taco Bell.

As incongruous as it sounds, the chain that specializes in tacos and burritos was a lifeline for Indian American families. My family and I would always find something each of us liked, explains Manasi Arya, a special education teacher and illustrator from Indianapolis. The sauces were our favorite part, and we still have drawers full of random Taco Bell sauces.

Taco Bell introduced an option for families like ours to join in the very American tradition of grabbing a cheap fast-food meal. Whats more, it helped my immigrant parents and me to find common ground at a time when we couldnt agree on much else. As Arya explains, Taco Bell offered a surprisingly appealing combination of details: Spicy sauces and ingredients my parents were familiar with like rice, beans, and veggies and regular American food with cheese.

Which is why it was so startling when Taco Bell first announced that it would remove a number of vegetarian items the 7-Layer Burrito, the Spicy Potato Soft Taco, Cheesy Fiesta Potatoes from its menu starting this past August and continuing until last week. While change is hard, the company pandered to its disappointed customers, a simplified menu and innovation process will leave room for new fan favorites.

While touting the completion of its menu revamp and announcing the elimination of its Mexican Pizza the chain tried to assuage the concerns of its vegetarian customers by pointing out the menu remains highly customizable, encouraging them to play around on our mobile app.

But by eliminating specific items that had become so important to vegetarians, and instead encouraging them to place special orders, the message Taco Bell sent was not so subtle, and its priorities became clear. Even if the move was an attempt to improve the bottom line, it also felt personal.

So, in true American fashion, Indian Americans are protesting Taco Bells decision to remove the items. Soon after hearing the news, Krish Jagirdar, a venture partner from New York City, started the Save the Mexican Pizza petition on Change.org. Its made its rounds with the Indian American community in the last few months, garnering almost 144,000 signatures.

I think its a huge mistake. Taco Bell is deeply intertwined with Indian American culture, Jagirdar explains. For most Indians, the Mexican Pizza was a staple item included in almost every order. Many friends and relatives have sent me screenshots of the petition being shared in various text and WhatsApp groups, often by aunties and uncles as well.

For many Indian Americans, trips to Taco Bell have been the backdrop to both significant and mundane memories. Memories of my adolescence are earmarked by how accessible Taco Bell was, such was its critical existence in my own familys life. Vegetarian-friendly fast-food options have, of course, improved immensely in recent years, but the Indian American communitys love for Taco Bell isnt just about the food. To eat it is to feel at home, a reminder that inclusivity can make all the difference. Taco Bell will live on as an unlikely champion in the Indian American story: When everything else made me felt like an outsider, eating at Taco Bell unwittingly reminded me that choices matter, and that we belong here, too. Fortunately, that feeling wont disappear entirely, even if the Mexican Pizza has.

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How Taco Bell Turned Its Back on Indian Americans - Grub Street

Advent’s call to discipleship, and what that means – CatholicPhilly.com

Effie Caldarola

By Effie Caldarola Catholic News Service Posted November 25, 2020

During Advent, we pray about our call to be disciples. But what does discipleship mean?

One of the most accessible and enjoyable Jesuit writers of the 20th century was a priest named Mark Link. Father Link wrote numerous books, and hes well known for his short, pithy anecdotes that express truth in a simple way.

In his 1993 book, Challenge, Father Link tells the story of two brothers, Clarence and Robert, who had committed their lives to Jesus when they were young. Clarence grew up to become a political activist, Robert an attorney.

One day Clarence asked Robert for some legal help in a civil rights matter, writes Father Link. Robert refused, saying it could hurt his political future.

What about Roberts commitment to Jesus?

Robert said, I do follow Jesus, but Im not going to get crucified like he was.'

To which Clarence replied, Robert, you are not a follower of Jesus; you are only a fan.

This story gives me pause. Of course I admire Jesus and hope that his teachings make an impact in my life. But am I a disciple? Or merely a fan? Is there a line I wont cross?

Ive just read Jon Meachams brilliant book about John Lewis, the civil rights activist who died this year at age 80.

In His Truth Is Marching On: John Lewis and the Power of Hope, Meacham introduces us to a man who heard Jesus invitation from a young age. He was just a little kid when he decided to be a preacher, and his first audience was the chickens he fed daily. When his mom killed one of his congregation for supper, Lewis would refuse to eat.

This childhood experience didnt lead to vegetarianism, but it did lead to a Baptist seminary after high school, and eventually to what Mother Teresa of Kolkata described in her own life as a call within a call.

Lewis entered seminary in 1957, just as the South was still reeling from and resisting the school integration decreed by the 1954 Supreme Court decision, Brown vs. Board of Education. Lewis had grown up in an environment of racism white robed klansmen walked the streets, lynchings stalked the countryside.

He saw the abuse heaped on students brave enough to integrate public schools and made his decision to pursue nonviolent protest against a violent system. He modeled this decision on the Gospel. For him, the Gospel was a social gospel.

When we remember Lewis as a respected member of Congress, where he spent the last years of his life, we forget the many beatings he took. We forget the times he was dragged from lunch counters and refused service. We forget the mobs that gathered outside the buses that he and other Freedom Riders rode to integrate travel. We forget the decision Lewis made to board one of those buses after a firebombing destroyed another.

Lewis skull was fractured at the Edmund Pettus Bridge. Yet his commitment to nonviolence and love was unwavering.

One test of a saint, writes Meacham, is the willingness to suffer and die for others. Which Lewis was willing to do again and again and again.

Discipleship calls us to be, somehow, indifferent to our own life, even if its just in the small opportunities we have each day to give generously of ourselves.

On Dec. 2, we celebrate the 40th anniversary of the killing of the four Catholic churchwomen in El Salvador, another example of people who were all in for Jesus. Remembering their discipleship, and Lewis, is a good way to honor Advent.

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Advent's call to discipleship, and what that means - CatholicPhilly.com

The Dalai Lama Encourages a Switch to Vegetarianism on World Animal Day – The Beet

His Holiness the 14th Dalai Lama is encouraging his followers around the globe to adopt a vegetarian dietin an effort to alleviate suffering on World Animal Day, which took place this past Sunday, October 4th. In a recorded message, the Buddhist leader said, "It is very useful to promote vegetarianism. We should pay more attention towards developing more vegetable [-based diets]," adding that factory farming is "environmentally very harmful." The Dalai Lama also urged kitchens of Buddhist monasteries and Tibetan schools to forgo meat in favor of more vegetables.

Buddhismhas a long history of vegetarianism and different sects of the religion hold different values and observe different diets. In Buddha's final teachings in the Mahayana school, it is said that he told his followers that they should not eat meat or fish. TheLankavatara Sutra states, "So as not to become a source of terror, bodhisattvas (a person on the path toward Buddhahood) established in benevolence should not eat food containing meat...People kill animals for profit and exchange goods for the meat. One person kills, another person buysboth are at fault."

Strict vegetarianism is not a belief that all Buddhists hold, for example, theTheravada school allowsmonks to eat pork, chicken, and fish but only if the animals were not killed for their consumption, rather offered and not specifically prepared for the person, similar to food donations the Buddha would accept, which sometimes contained meat.

Other schools such asVajrayana are not all vegetarian, but one overarching theme of the Buddhist religion is compassion, and in this time of climate change, vegetarianism can offer both compassion for the planet as well as for the animals inhabiting it.

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The Dalai Lama Encourages a Switch to Vegetarianism on World Animal Day - The Beet

Katie Lee on Plant-Based Cooking and Her Obsession With Veggie Burgers – Green Matters

As of 2020, even if you don't follow a strictly vegan or vegetarian diet, you've most likely considered cutting down on your meat consumption at some point or another, whether it was for the sake of your health, for the sake of the environment, or both. Even longtime culinary professionals, such as Food Network chef Katie Lee, have started gravitating towards plant-based cooking.

Green Matters caught up with Katie Lee to discuss all things veggie, from her history with vegetarianism, to the meatless weeknight dinners she enjoys with her husband, her favorite veggie burger recipe, and the work she's currently doing to fight food insecurity.

Between "meat masters" like Guy Fieri and Bobby Flay, many people associate the Food Network with, well, a lot of meat. However, Lee tells us that she largely gravitates towards a plant-based diet, because that's simply how she was raised. For a few years in high school and through college, Lee followed a vegetarian diet, and she continues to predominantly eat vegetables for the sake of her health.

"When I was in high school, I actually went vegetarian, so most of my high school, college years were completely vegetarian, and my mom was as well. We were always really into eating a lot of vegetables," Lee says.

"And then I started eating meat again, but I look at my plate, and I make it 70-80 percent vegetables, and 20-30 percent other stuff... that was the way my grandmother ate, and I just think its a great way to keep yourself in check, and to really fill up on those good veggies."

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She adds, "As far as plant-based cooking goes, [my husband and I] love to make mushroom bolognese, an eggplant Parmesan, and I always have tofu and tempeh in my fridge to make a quick stir-fry with those. [Plant-based eating] is something thats still definitely a part of my life."

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Lee also tells us these plant-based recipes have proven to be quite popular on her current Food Network series, The Kitchen.

"I actually found that our viewers really gravitate towards these plant-based recipes I always get a lot of messages from people telling me theyre making them and exploring new flavors and new cooking techniques," Lee explains.

"Over the summer I did a grilled tofu taco with a peach black bean salsa that was really good and popular. Ive even made a carrot hot dog! We try all sorts of recipes."

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Being a new mom, Lee tells us that she is constantly seeking out simple meals to make for dinner, and as a longtime burger enthusiast, she's developed a burning passion for Gardein's latest offering, the Ultimate Plant-Based Burger. She says she and her husband always like to have them on hand, adding she's especially partial to them as a meatless alternative and for a solid protein source.

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"[Gardein burgers] are very satisfying and Im a burger person... to have this on hand in my freezer makes it very convenient, especially because I had a baby five weeks ago," Lee explains.

"My husband are always looking at each other and saying what are we going to eat for dinner.' And since theres 19 grams of protein in each one, Im breastfeeding so I like getting my protein in. Its just a really great thing to have on hand," she says.

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Lee even entered the annual New York Food and Wine Festival's Burger Bash this year with a nostalgic spin on Gardein's latest offering.

"I won the very first Burger Bash back in 2008 Im basically a dinosaur at this point in the food world," she laughs. "But I won that with a recipe that was my grandmothers for a patty melt. We call it a Logan County Burger because shes from Logan County, West Virginia."

"I decided to update it this year, for the virtual Burger Bash, and Im using Gardein. [I did] a patty melt and just kind of amping it up since it's the Ultimate Gardein burger, Im making my Ultimate Patty Melt. Im doing griddled onions, a little special sauce in there, and of course lots of melted American cheese and its on buttered toasted bread... Its like a grilled cheese with a burger tucked inside."

If you're looking to make a vegan copycat version, you aren't alone.

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Along with abiding by a "flexitarian" diet for her health and for the environment, Lee is also working with the Food Bank for New York City, because during the ongoing pandemic, food insecurity is currently at an all-time high.

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"Of course with the state of the world right now with COVID, the food bank has needed a lot of support," Lee tells Green Matters. "So, Ive just been working closely with them and trying to raise awareness so people make donations and keep these food banks full so they can support the people of their communities."

Anne Burrell (L) and Katie Lee serve holiday meals for New Yorkers in need during Food Bank For New York City's "Thankful To Give" Holiday Campaign Event at Food Bank for New York City's Community Kitchen of West Harlem on November 19, 2014 in New York City.

Katie Lee's affinity for meatless cooking is certainly inspiring, especially in a largely omnivorous industry such as food media. And honestly, if you're feeling brave in the kitchen later, we strongly suggest checking out her entire plant-based recipe it's to die for.

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Katie Lee on Plant-Based Cooking and Her Obsession With Veggie Burgers - Green Matters

‘Shark Tank’: A look at pitches that were a dud on the show but became raging success outside of the tank – MEAWW

The entrepreneurs who walk into 'Shark Tank' come with high hopes of wowing the investors (sharks), and hopefully raising some money for their business. The sharks Mark Cuban, Kevin O'Leary, Lori Greiner, Barbara Corcoran, Lori Greiner, Daymond John, and Rebert Herjavec, take their own sweet time to dissect the pitch presented by the hopeful entrepreneur, before deciding on whether they should invest their money in the business or not.

While the sharks have over the years have reportedly invested over $100 million into various businesses pitched on the show, there are quite a few entrepreneurs who unfortunately either failed to impress the sharks or secure the funds from sharks, but still managed to become a raging success. 'Shark Tank' has proved to be not only a perfect platform for pitching and capital for unique business ventures but also a great platform for getting the word out about your products or services. So, although the below-listed entrepreneurs failed to raise money from sharks, they however benefitted immensely from the exposure that the show provided to them, which turned them into millionaires!

Chef Big Shake

Mark Cuban has over the years invested in several businesses pitched on the show, and made a lot of money. However, the 'Dallas Mavericks' owner to date regrets not biting into one particular pitch. Back in 2011, Shawn Davis came on the show and pitched for his specialty seafood burger business. Davis asked for $200,000 for a 25% equity stake of the company. After his daughter turned to vegetarianism, Davis realized that there was immense potential in the vegetarian market for foods with a seafood base instead of traditional meat sources, and he wanted to tap into it. Unfortunately for Davis, although all the sharks (except for Barbara) loved his burgers, they thought that his business venture was very risky and decided to pass on it.

But things turned around for Davis after his appearance on 'Shark Tank'. Davis's product- Chef Big Shake caught angel investors' eyes, who offered him $500,000. Soon the company grew from $30,000 in sales to a projected $5 million in just a year. In an interview, Mark admitted that he regretted not investing in Chef Big Shake.

Copa Di Vino

James Martin, the CEO and founder of Copa Di Vino, an individually packaged wine by the glass, appeared on 'Shark Tank' not once but twice, unfortunately, he went back both the times empty-handed, but fortunately found success outside the show. Martin first appeared on Season 2, when he came in with a pitch for $600,000 and offering a 20% stake in his business. Aside from Kevin, all the other sharks passed on the opportunity. Kevin found the idea of packaging wine by glass interesting, so he offered the requested $600,000, but in exchange for a 51 percent stake in the company. Martin wasn't happy with the offer, so he turned down the deal and walked away.

But his appearance on the show worked in the company's favor, as they made a record $5 million in sales that year. Copa Di Vino began growing at a great pace, so the producers reached out to him and asked him to come back on the show again. So, in 2012, Martin once again came into the tank, but this time with the hopes of raising $300,000 for further expanding his business. Unfortunately for Martin, his return to the show wasn't well-received by the sharks, who felt that he was being arrogant. So, yet again, Martin left empty-handed. Despite not raising any capital from the show, his business managed to thrive, just based on his appearance. According to estimates, Cop Di Vino sold 48 million glasses of wine and hit $250 million in revenue!

Rocketbook

When Joe Lemay and Jake Epstein, the CEO and co-founders of the reusable notebook Roketbook came on the show during Season 8, the sharks were far from impressed with the duo's pitch. They all roasted the entrepreneurs for their idea of producing a reusable book that needed a microwave to wipe clean the contents of it, and reuse it again. Kevin openly wondered the point of making a product like that, as there would be no returning customers for it. After plenty of criticism and harsh judgment, the entrepreneurs went back without the $400,000 they were seeking as capital. But after the episode aired, over 500,000 Rocketbooks were sold by major retailers and the company hit $10 million in sales. It also became a top-selling notebook on Amazon.

'Shark Tank' Season 12 premiers on Friday, October 16 at 8/7c only on ABC.

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'Shark Tank': A look at pitches that were a dud on the show but became raging success outside of the tank - MEAWW

Veganuary: What hopeful vegans need to know before giving up meat in 2020 – Inverse

With the new year and decade here, many resolve to make changes to their lifestyle. Maybe its a new exercise regimen, dry January, or the currently trending Veganuary which is exactly what it sounds like.

If youve considered giving up meat, or animal products altogether, in 2020 youre not alone more than 500,000 people have already pledged to go vegan on the official Veganuary site. And while maintaining a climate-conscious diet is certainly on many peoples minds, nearly half of those whove pledged to eat vegan for the first month of the year did so for health reasons.

According to experts, it is true that cutting out meat can result in health benefits but only if you do it safely. That means keeping in mind all the nutrients you are (and arent) getting from plant-based eating. Its important not to transition blindly or to assume that by dropping meat alone, your health will improve.

Assuming youre not loading up on high-carb, processed foods like pasta and sweets, one benefit of going vegetarian or vegan might be a reduction in inflammation, says Chris DAdamo, an assistant professor at the University of Maryland School of Medicine. Thats a benefit of eating minimally processed foods in general, DAdamo tells Inverse.

DAdamo explains that plants have an abundance of nutrients, especially in their non-processed form. Plant-based diets also typically mean that one is consuming more fiber, which can help with satiety making you feel less hungry and curbing overeating.

In addition to decreased inflammation, positives can include a healthier weight, better energy metabolism, suggests at 2019 study published in Nature. The researchers reviewed hundreds of studies on how vegetarian diets influence health and determined that plant-based diets, compared to conventional diets, can benefit weight, metabolism, and systemic inflammation.

The researchers write that one of the reasons those benefits arise is because of changes to the gut. Studies suggest that eating plants can cause the microbiome to foster a favorable diversity of bacteria species.

In October, Stephanie Papadakis, a certified holistic nutrition consultant at Gut of Integrity, told Bustle that the antibiotics used to raise meat are also part of the reason why the gut experiences a change when one goes meat-less.

If you cut all meat out of your diet, you would likely see a positive shift in the number of beneficial bacteria in your gut, Papadakis explained. Many conventionally raised animals are given hormones and antibiotics, which can shift our own beneficial bacteria in the same way taking antibiotics can.

Other studies have shown a potential reduction in the risk of heart disease, commonly linked to red meat consumption. But theres a bit of a grey area there another review 2019 paper, this one published in the Annals of Internal Medicine, suggested that red meat does not actually carry the health risks weve previously thought it to have. But many doctors and nutritionists still say that cutting out red meat is still a good idea.

When looking at health benefits of vegetarianism, one factor influencing results can be the health of vegetarian population overall, says Drew Frug, an assistant professor at Auburn University.

On a population level, we see that any derivative of a vegetarian diet is associated with improved health compared to the average omnivore, Frug tells Inverse, but we often neglect the fact that vegetarians are typically pursuing multiple healthy lifestyle behaviors such as exercising regularly and not smoking.

And while in humans, its nearly impossible to prove that meat is not beneficial to the diet, its also widely accepted that humans can be perfectly healthy without consuming meat, Frug says.

Like many areas of nutrition, red meat is open for debate. But if youre thinking of going veg, there are some more immediate health concerns to keep in mind.

While plant-based foods can benefit your body in various ways, there are some health aspects to consider if youre cutting out meat. DAdamo notes that vegetarian and vegan diets can sometimes lack important nutrients, like iron, zinc, vitamin B12 and the lesser-discussed creatine, choline, and omega-3 fats.

Just cutting out animal products in favor of plant foods is not necessarily going to be healthy, DAdamo says. Really this comes down to eating minimally processed food, eating whole foods, regardless of whether there are animal foods in it or not.

To get at those potential deficiencies, vitamin supplements can be key. DAdamo says that taking a B12 supplement is something that every vegan should be doing alongside monitoring the levels of other nutrients.

Essentially, its important to consider going vegetarian as part of a bigger health push. Cutting out meat, in and of itself, is not going to improve health, notes DAdamo. But it can lead be healthy if done in the context of a minimally processed, whole-food-based diet.

On the Veganuary website, a list of foods that are vegan by accident includes treats like Oreos, Doritos, and several types of beer. Perhaps this part misses the point but the list includes some real food, too, like oatmeal and hummus.

The same goes for trendy meat alternatives, like the [Impossible Burger], Frug says. Since the burger is highly processed and high in saturated fat and sodium, some pro-vegetarian nutritionists and researchers argue that its not a healthy alternative to a beef burger.

This is a good representation of extremes in the vegetarian diet, Frug says. If all I do to call my diet vegetarian is exchange one fast food meal for another, I would expect zero health benefits, metabolic, or physical changes.

On the other hand, replacing fast-food meals with minimally processed vegetarian dishes would mean consuming less saturated fat, sodium, and likely total calories. Therefore, diet change would lead to improved blood pressure, blood glucose, and body composition.

To ensure youre truly keeping it healthy, Frug says: Learn to cook.

There are plenty of healthy vegetarian options in restaurants and grocery store freezers, but foods will almost always be healthier coming out of your kitchen, he says.

Frug adds that legumes in particular are among the least expensive nutrient-dense foods you can find at the grocery store, so following a vegetarian diet does not have to be an expensive endeavor.

For DAdamos part, he says that going vegetarian or vegan might be a totally legit way to improve your health. But he also says there are other options. For example, low-carb, paleo, and Mediterranean diets all work for some people too.

The reality is that there are many ways to be healthy, DAdamo says. Theres no one right way.

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Veganuary: What hopeful vegans need to know before giving up meat in 2020 - Inverse

Deepening Divides : The Caste, Class and Regional Face of Vegetarianism – Economic and Political Weekly

Our earlier article (Natrajan and Jacob 2018) argued that the existence of considerable intra-group variation in almost every social group (caste, religious) makes essentialised group identities based on food practices deeply problematic. We showed that myths of Indians meat-avoidance (vegetarianism) stand exposed when we unpack India in different ways, through the lens of caste, gender, class, and especially region. We also presented evidence to suggest the influence of cultural-political pressures (valorising vegetarianism and stigmatising meat by proscribing and punishing beef-eating in particular, but also meat-eating more generally) on reported food habits. The present article follows up our earlier work by analysing changes in the incidence of vegetarianism over time.

The earlier article used data from three different large-scale, representative surveys. Of these, the National Family Health Survey (NFHS) released a new data set (round 4) after our earlier analysis was completed. This allows for a comparison of vegetarianism across the two NFHS rounds, bookending a decade of potential change (200506 in round 3 to 201516 in round 4). The NFHS is analogous to the Demographic and Health Surveys (DHS) conducted in over a hundred countries. Surveys are conducted for separate large samples of women aged 1549 years and men aged 1554 years. Data for round 3 are from 1,24,385 women and 74,369 men. Data for round 4 are from 6,99,686 women and 1,12,122 men. NFHS looks at specific items of food consumption, including eggs, fish and chicken or meat, asking respondents about how often the item was consumed. For our analysis and consistent with our previous article, we consider those who answered never to all three (eggs, fish, chicken/meat)as vegetarian. Appropriate sampling weights were used to construct estimates of vegetarianism within different aggregates (states and social groups).

Decadal Change

From the data, one interesting finding is that there was little change in the overall incidence of vegetarianism in the decade 200515 for women and men: while vegetarianism among women changed marginally from 30.22% in 200506 to 30.97% in 201516, for men it was 20.60% to 20.73%. This amounts to an increase of 0.75 and 0.13 percentage points forwomen and men, respectively (equivalent to 2.5% and 0.6%, respectively). In our earlier article we showed that there exists a significant gender gap in reported vegetarianismabout 10 percentage points higher among women (equivalent to almost 50% more among women compared to men). This gap of 10 percentage points, we showed, was persistent across location (ruralurban), class and caste categories. One interesting puzzle we raised was the existence of the gap only among Hindus (10 percentage points) and Sikhs (a whopping 34 percentage points), much less among Jains and Buddhists (about 5 percentage points), and almost non-existent among Christians and Muslims. We had submitted that this gap could be shaped by gender ideologies within households and communities that placed undue burden on the woman to uphold a tradition, and gendered practices of eating out (favouring men).

The new data show how this gap is persistent, pointing to the possibility of a rigidification of communitarian ideas shaped by food beliefs and practices, but also the social norms rapidly being put in place (partially by state ideologies, but also partially within society through social actors such as community leaders, ethnic mobilisers who craft community boundaries as markers of distinction). We bring this point up in order to emphasise that this overall result (of no change in gender gap over time) hides interesting temporal dynamics for sub-groups of the population. We now turn to examining the intersectional changes across caste and class categories.

Change across mega-caste and wealth categories: Figure 1 (Graphs 1 and 2) shows vegetarianism for mega-caste categories. For women, there was little change (less than 1 percentage point increase) in the decade 200515 for the categories of Scheduled Tribes (STs), Scheduled Castes (SCs) and Other Backward Classes (OBCs). But there was a relatively substantial increase in vegetarianism for the residual (other) category, broadly including privileged castes (4.4 percentage points increase from 2005, equivalent to 12.4% increase). In the case of men as well, the other category of privileged castes saw a substantial increase in vegetarianism (3.3 percentage points increase from 2005, equivalent to 12.6% increase). This points to an increasing assertiveness among privileged castes with respect to vegetarianism.

Figure 1 (Graphs 3 and 4) shows vegetarianism across five wealth quintiles. There was little change in all except the richest quintile which saw a 3.9 percentage points and 2.5 percentage points increase for women and men in that category, respectively (equivalent to 9.8% and 9.1% increase). This confirms our earlier observation (and some other previous studies cited in our earlier article) that vegetarian practices are correlated with socioeconomic status.

Change across states: Figures 26 (pp 2324) turn to reported vegetarianism across states. Figure 2 plots change in 200515 against the baseline (2005). It shows that, on average, states with higher incidence of vegetarianism in 2005 experienced greater increase in the following decade, and this is true for both women and men separately. This implies that over the decade there is increasing divergence across states. In Figure 2, the graphs on the right (#2 and #4) focus on the 17 states with population of at least 2.5 crore in the last census (2011). Divergence occurs even in this subset. Further, the size of the divergence is substantial: For Graphs 1 and 3, for every 1 percentage point of vegetarianism incidence in 2005, there is an average increase of 0.14 percentage points over the following decade for women and 0.26 percentage points for men, and this relationship is statistically significant at the 99% confidence level. In fact, the relationship continues to hold with similar large size and statistical significance for the higher-population states with only 17 observations.

In Figure 3, the left graphs show the same data as scatter plots of 2015 against 2005. The right graph also shows, for women, the change between 1998 and 2005interestingly, the change in that seven-year period was minimal for the states that showed large jumps in the following decade. All this suggests, quite strongly, that vegetarianism-as a political-ideological driver of cultural distinctioncontinues to be a strong shaper of food practices or at least reported food practices in particular parts of the country and not in others. In fact, we see this at work when we disaggregate the changes below.

Which are the key regions powering the increasing divergence across states over time? There are seven statesall from the west and north of the countrywith at least 2 percentage points increase over the decade. Remarkably, these also happen to be the top-six states for vegetarianism in 2005, as confirmed by Figure 2. As shown in the map in Figure 4, they form a contiguous geographic swathe from west to north: Gujarat to Rajasthan to Haryana to Punjab to Himachal Pradesh (HP), then dipping to Uttar Pradesh (UP) and Madhya Pradesh (MP).

Among the high growth states (where vegetarianism increased substantially over the decade), it is useful to distinguish the west-to-north diagonal swathe (Gujarat, Rajasthan, Haryana and Punjab, all have increases well in excess of five percentage points) from the two others to the east of these (although still contiguous), UP and MP, which show slightly lower increase. All of the east and south have reduced incidence of vegetarianism over the decade (negative growth). We note the curious cases of Karnataka and Bihar, two states with substantial reduction in vegetarianism (average change -6.7 and -4.0 percentage points, respectively). Although it is important to consider why this may be the case, it is difficult to identify causal mechanisms. Nonetheless, as mentioned in our earlier article, states that show a combination of factors such as a historically strong Dalit movement, a reasonably sizeable Muslim and OBC population, and a moderate but not all-powerful Hindutva movementmay show the most resilience against cultural-political pressures towards vegetarianism.

Figure 5 plots decadal change for women and men across states. There is a broad correlation/consistency in the direction of decadal change for women and for men: either incidence of vegetarianism for both women and men goes up in a state or goes down (all observations in Figure 5 are either in the top-right quadrant or the bottom-left quadrant of the xy axes). The decadal increase is remarkably high in cases like Punjab and Rajasthan (average increase of 19 and 13 percentage points, respectively). By contrast, among the nine states where vegetarianism decreased among both women and men, there were only three where the average change (across women and men) was at least 2 percentage points, and with only two of them having an average of at least four percentage points (Karnataka and Bihar). The reason that the remarkable increases in vegetarianism among states in the top-right quadrant do not end up tilting the all-India figure upwards, is due to the fact that the many states in the bottom-left quadrant have sufficiently large population between them to balance it out. This can be seen in Figure 6, which is the equivalent of Figure 5 with states weighted by their populations (and with all states now included).

In Conclusion

Our analysis has produced the following key findings. There was little change in incidence of vegetarianism over the decade 200515. This non-change or stasis, however, masks a number of changes at the sub national level and across caste, class, regions, and persistent gender gap the socio-economically privileged castes and classes turned increasingly vegetarian. For the country as a whole this was nullified by a (smaller) decrease in overall vegetarianism among the numerically preponderant less socio-economically privileged. A major point to note for regional change is that states in the west and north, which had the highest incidence of vegetarianism at the start of the decade, also had the biggest increase over the decade. Again, for the country as a whole this was nullified by a (smaller) decrease in overall vegetarianism in the rest of the country (east and south). Finally, the size of the changes among states is far greater than the size of the changes among socio-economic groups. This reinforces the point in our previous article that geography (and underlying agro-ecology as well as the cultural norms influenced by it) plays a much bigger role than social group identities and associated cultural norms.

This article is an attempt to identify and describe trends in vegetarianism over the last decade. Although we do not try to explain them here, the trends towards divergence (across regions, castes, classes) nevertheless suggest deepening divides linked to socioeconomic status and culturalpolitical power inequalities. They therefore suggest a tendency towards divergence in attitudes towards vegetarianism, both for socio-economic groups and for geographical regions. If this emerging divergence is indeed being driven by culturalpolitical pressures, then it suggests polarisation that has negative implications for pluralism and democracy itself.

Notes

1 The National Sample Survey (NSS), the National Family Health Survey (NFHS) and the India Human Development Survey (IHDS)for the years 201112, 200506 and 201112, respectively.

2 Round 2 of the NFHS (199899) also had data for vegetarianism, but only for womens data. The present article supplements the analysis of rounds 3 and 4 with some womens data from round 2. The IHDS, although it had two rounds, did not collect data on vegetarianism in round 1.

3 See https://dhsprogram.com/pubs/pdf/FRIND3 /FRIND3-Vol1AndVol2.pdf for details.

4 See https://dhsprogram.com/pubs/pdf/FR339/FR339.pdf for details.

5 There was very little difference in reported vegetarianism across age-groups, for women and men, and for 200506 and 201516 separately. Since the womens and mens data sets are truncated at ages 49 and 54, respectively, the fact that there is little difference in vegetarianism across age-groups suggests that the estimates reported here can be generalised to 49+ and 54+ populations as well.

6 However, for women there was a marginal increase in the incidence of vegetarianism between 199899 (NFHS2) and 200506 (NFHS3). NFHS did not collect mens data for 199899.

7 Unlike for caste, class and regions (where there were variations in decadal change in vegetarianism), there was virtually no change across the categories religion, education status and age-group. This paper focuses on caste, class and regions.

8 Incidence of vegetarianism also increased marginally among SC men (1.8 percentage point increase from 10.8% in 2005, equivalent to 16.7% increase).

9 These are results from fitting a simple bivariate linear regression; approximately similar results continue to hold for quadratic fit.

10 P-value 0.002 for women and 0.000 for men.

11 With 17 observations, the size of the bivariate linear relationship increases to 0.15 for women and 0.30 for men, with p-values 0.008 and 0.000, respectively.

12 In fact, Himachal Pradesh also has a relatively high increase and belongs in this groupit was not represented in Figure 4 due to relatively lower population, but it is represented in the map in Figure 6.

13 Strictly speaking, there is one exception: in Odisha incidence went down by 0.06 percentage points for women (practically zero) and went up by 0.71 percentage points for men.

Reference

Natrajan, B and S Jacob (2018): Provincialising Vegetarianism: Putting Indian Food Habits in Their Place, Economic & Political Weekly, Vol 53, No 9.

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Deepening Divides : The Caste, Class and Regional Face of Vegetarianism - Economic and Political Weekly

Types of Vegetarian Diets | Levels of Vegetarianism

Q: What are the types or levels of vegetarianism?

A: There are several levels of vegetarianism, or types of vegetarian diet, that depend on which foods you choose not to eat. Starting from the most restrictive and working our way down, the types of vegetarian are as follows:

Vegans do not consume any animal products or by-products. So vegans of course do not consume red or white meat, fish or fowl. They also do not consume eggs and dairy. Vegans do not use honey or beeswax, gelatin and any other animal by-product ingredients or products. Vegans typically do not use animal products such as silk, leather and wool, as well.

Lacto-vegetarians do not eat red or white meat, fish, fowl or eggs. However, lacto-vegetarians do consume dairy products such as cheese, milk and yogurt.

Ovo-vegetarians do not eat red or white meat, fish, fowl or dairy products. However, ovo-vegetarians do consume egg products.

Lacto-ovo vegetarians do not consume red meat, white meat, fish or fowl. However, lacto-ovo vegetarians do consume dairy products and egg products. This is the most common type of vegetarian.

While technically not a type of vegetarian, these individuals do restrict their meat consumption to fish and seafood only. Pescatarians do not consume red meat, white meat or fowl. This is considered a semi-vegetarian or flexitarian diet.

Much like the pescatarian, this semi-vegetarian diet restricts meat consumption to poultry and fowl only, and is not officially considered a vegetarian. Pollotarians do not consume red meat or fish and seafood

A plant-based diet with the occasional meat item on the menu. These folks do their best to limit meat intake as much as possible and they have an almost entirely plant-based diet. This is not technically considered a vegetarian diet, but we commend the effort!

There are many different ways to approach vegetarianism, and its up to you to make dietary choices that best fit your lifestyle. Consider your health and fitness goals or needs when choosing. Whether you are becoming a vegetarian yourself, or simply trying to better support your vegetarian friends and family, we hope this list and chart have been helpful!

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Types of Vegetarian Diets | Levels of Vegetarianism

Year of the veggies: going vegetarian in 2020 | News | samessenger.com – St. Albans Messenger

Vegetarian eaters are no longer a minority in North America. Theres as many as 8 million of us here, according to a Harris Interactive poll.

The carnivores question is: Why?

Idealistic vegetarians might say its for the environment, a research-based assertion. The University of Michigan published a study in 2018 determining one-fifth of Americans are responsible for about half 46 percent of our countrys greenhouse gas emissions. And those Michigan researchers concluded thats mainly because that fifth of the population eats more meat, specifically beef.

Anyone who has spent time around cows knows they are constantly expelling methane so much methane, in fact, that the United Nations determined farmed livestock, chiefly bovines, are responsible for roughly 15 percent of human-related greenhouse gas emissions.

Now none of our large-scale farm operations are emission-free even fertilizing soil has adverse effects for the climate. Too much nitrogen in fertilized soil can spike nitrous oxide, which is 300 times worse for climate change than carbon dioxide, according to those Michigan researchers.

But cutting out farmed meat, or even reducing ones meat intake, is smarter for planet health than the alternative, cutting out the fruits and veggies.

What about human health?

Before vegetarianism was widespread in the U.S., researchers focused on nutrition in meat that vegetarians would not be eating. Meat is a significant source of protein, and also has healthy vitamins and minerals.

Now researchers understand that the vegetarian diet is nutritious on its own, and in a different way. But whether thats better for humans isnt scientifically proven, especially since vegetarians tend to be healthier in other, research-confounding ways as well theyre less likely to smoke or excessively drink, and are more likely to exercise.

But Harvard research says vegetarians eat less saturated fat and cholesterol, and more vitamins, dietary fiber, folic acid, potassium, magnesium and plant chemicals, all associated with lower LDL cholesterol, the bad kind, lower blood pressure, which is good and a lower body mass index, also good and all traits of longevity and lower disease risk.

Because of that, vegetarians may be significantly less likely to die from heart disease or suffer type 2 diabetes, and they may be slightly less likely to develop a form of cancer as well.

As one considers trying a vegetarian lifestyle, note there are several kinds of vegetarians. Vegans are the extreme they dont eat anything produced by another creature. Lacto-ovo vegeterians do eat dairy products and eggs. Lacto vegetarians eat only dairy products on top of vegetables and fruits, while ovo vegetarians eat only eggs on top of vegetables and fruits.

Regardless of which lifestyle looks right for you, the path to implementing a vegetarian existence is the same. One can go cold turkey, something one will not eat again as a vegetarian, or gradually adopt the lifestyle, the difference between jumping into a pool or slowly sinking in, starting in the shallow water.

The difficult part of the transition will probably be the social aspect. Oh, sure, people might scoff, express confusion, ask what a vegetable is, but the real challenge is adapting ones social habits.

The entrees list at your favorite restaurant might seem significantly slimmer. Remind yourself you may be as well.

Finding the right meal after an endless days work may take longer than popping in the chicken Lean Cuisine. Remind yourself you have the time to spend you may still be kicking while your TV dinner-consuming pals are six feet under.

No more reaching for the barbecue chicken during NFL season. Remember that while your friends may be in danger of a cholesterol-related event from their game-related excitement, you can jump, kick, howl and cheer without fear. Of that, anyway. Try not to trip and fall through the hors doeuvre table like last year.

One social area vegetarianism may instantly improve is dating. If your date orders, say, an appetizer of nachos littered with beef, politely decline and explain why.

If your date adjusts the order accordingly, proceed.

If your date chuckles and shakes their head, remember the above-mentioned life expectancy.

If your date says, Im so sorry, and, as they decry your symptoms, you realize theyve confused your diet with the fictitious disease lycanthropy, best you politely leave.

Mastering these social situations simply takes time. Vegetarianism is a rhythm, and like any rhythm, learned through practice.

And theres no time better to practice than the start of a new year.

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Year of the veggies: going vegetarian in 2020 | News | samessenger.com - St. Albans Messenger

Taking ‘Achija’, the legacy of Indian fast-food to Toronto and New York – NewsPatrolling

When at Achija Youre Here, Youre Home stands justified as it has been a part of daily life for more than three decades to its clients and has held their utmost loyalty.

Achija is a chain of fast-food restaurants, established in the year 1987 in a Central Suburb of Mumbai by Lakhamshi Vershi Mange. Since their journey began, they have grown to eight successful restaurants spread across Mumbai & have also carved a strong foothold in the Indian fast-food segment, establishing themselves as solid partners for its management with renowned chains for 21 restaurants in Mumbai and Dubai & now are a legacy in itself.

Stepping into the hospitality industry in the year 2010 Tapan Mange (grandson of the founder), now a successful restaurateur & an entrepreneur started with Achijas first grandeur remote expansion. In the coming two years his execution and efforts gave a standardized business module to Achija, which for decades had practiced traditional business patterns. Mr. Mange then off his international exposure & experience in Dubai, created a vision to take the brand global.

Theres a great appreciation to the vegetarian franchises in an international market is a proven thing which now is even better known for good in today as the world is now preferring veganism or vegetarianism giving up or lowering on meat, which also aids in justifying your quality/flavour, to legitimize yourself & narrow down your competition as youre literally just competing off 100s being a vegetarian franchise than in 1000s like others then followed by a larger/loyal audience to be served. If youre passionate about serving the best and sustaining quality more than anything, your franchise would sure be gold & prime and would be admired anywhere in the world. Just be wise & loyal on your pick! is Tapan Manges mantra. With New York and Canada being the pick for Achija, he plans to take the legacy to the Big Apple, with a twist.

To give a further glimpse of the brand, its potential/positioning & its expansion Mr. Mange planning is to pilot Achijas new version of QSRs & Cloud Kitchens. Giving a new face to the Indian fast-food, Batata Vadas to its mouth-watering Bhaji in pocket bread, grilled potatoes with Bhaji, Pav-Bhaji Pizzas to a fun-filled wide array of Sandwiches & Rolls. Standards & Packaging to its best, handy & convenient to be consumed anytime & anywhere Aiming to serve Achijas best on/off-premises, Mr. Tapan mange while focusing on New Jersey, New York City and Toronto to cover it all within the first 12 months of its pilot launched. Sure good news for Gujaratis based in America.

Achija stands for its scrumptious Pav-Bhaji & its Mumbai Fast-Food diners step in for authentic Indian fast food while enjoys a kinder fusion of Modern Indo-western cuisine, pleasing palates across all ages. Their promise to taste and health has stayed true from the time it was established 30 years ago in a small joint to the eight self-owned outlets today. This shows it has the best potential from all perspectives be it the quality of its food, the utmost loyal decades-old customer base, its hygiene practices, or its traditional hospitality! Being a QSR it always has proven to be most efficiently managed and consistently been outstanding with regards to its market position, quality, customer satisfaction/loyalty with the limited available resources.

Over the last 30 years, Achija has successfully always been into top favorites amongst in the related localities and its competitions and so has been efficacious throughout and created a high & ever-growing loyal customer base. Also, it is highly recommended amongst Gujaratis which holds a strong presence in America, hence Achija is already being welcomed in the USA and Canada & goodwill held by the brand itself pre promises exposure to a colossal and loyal customer base.

Motivated by the success and growing demand for vegetarianism, Mr. Mange and his team have envisioned and embarked to set up a vegetarian legacy in the global market. Achija has always held an ever-growing Brand Loyal Customers who are frequent and enthusiastic visitors in Mumbai and its recalling and recognition would provide a firm base to Achija to cultivate the Brand Loyalty in the United States & Canada again which is the ultimate reward for successful marketers since Achijas customers are far less likely to be enticed to switch to other brands compared to non-loyal customers, says Tapan Mange, Entrepreneur- Restaurateur, Achija.

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Taking 'Achija', the legacy of Indian fast-food to Toronto and New York - NewsPatrolling

Examine Potato Protein Market size is witnessing a CAGR of 7.60% from 2019 to 2026 – WhaTech

Rise in vegetarianism and veganism among consumers worldwide has generated a positive impact for potato protein as an ingredient across an array of food & beverage categories. The global demand for potato protein market is expected to increase due to the growing demand from consumers for plant-based proteins.

According to a new report published by Allied Market Research, titled,Potato Protien Marketby Type and Application: Global Opportunity Analysis and Industry Forecast, 20192026,the global potato protein market size was valued at$363.6 millionin 2018, and is projected to reach$648.4 millionby 2026, registering a CAGR of7.60%from 2019 to 2026.

Potato protein is obtained during the process of extracting starch from potatoes. When starch is extracted, protein-rich juice is produced, which is further precipitated to extract potato protein.

It is available in three types, depending on the protein concentration, isolates, concentrates, and hydrolyzed. It offers superior emulsifying, foaming, and gelling properties.

Potato protein has a high content of amino acids and is free from animal proteins or allergens. This makes potato protein an ideal component in animal feed as well as for human consumption, thereby driving the growth of the global potato protein market.

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Allergenicity has become a concern for consumers globally.

Several animal and vegetable proteins, such as from soy, milk, egg, or wheat are declarable allergens. In addition, proteins obtained from rice, maize, or pea provide limited solubility, nutrition, and texture.

This gives potato protein an edge in the plant protein market, as it provides a combination of superior functionality, high nutrition, and low allergenicity. In addition, potato proteins offer superior emulsifying, foaming, and gelling properties.

Furthermore, they serve as a substitute for animal proteins such as egg albumen & egg yolk, meat & meat analogues, and egg-free dressings. Moreover, they are highly regarded as an ingredient for gluten-free bakery products.

However, the availability of cereals such as wheat, oat, and barley, which are high in proteins, fiber, minerals, vitamins, and carbohydrates is expected to hamper the growth of potato protein market.

Get detailed COVID-19 impact analysis on the Potato Protein Market @www.alliedmarketresearch.com/requestqfor=covid

Conversely, food products organically grown with high nutrition value are gaining elevated demand, which is expected to create a positive impact on the growth of the global potato protein market in the near future.

The global potato protein market analysis is carried on the basis of type, application and region. On the basis of type, the market is categorized into isolates, concentrates and hydrolysates.

Among these, the isolates segment led the potato protein market in terms of revenue share in 2018, however the hydrolysates segment is anticipated to grow at the highest CAGR during the forecast period. Based on application, the market is bifurcated into animal feed, meat, bakery & confectionery, supplements and others.

Among these, the animal feed segment garnered the highest market share in the potato protein market in 2018, however the bakery & confectionery segment is anticipated to grow at the highest CAGR during the forecast period. Region wise, the market is studied across North America, Europe, Asia-Pacific and LAMEA.

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Key findings of the Study:

The key players in the potato protein industry include Avebe, Kemin Industries, Inc., Royal Cosun, KMC Ingredients, Tereos, Roquette Frres, PEPEES Group, Agrana, Bioriginal Food & Science Corp., and Meelunie B.V.

About Allied Market Research:

Allied Market Research (AMR) is a full-service market research and business-consulting wing of Allied Analytics LLP based in Portland, Oregon. Allied Market Research provides global enterprises as well as medium and small businesses with unmatched quality of Market Research Reports and Business Intelligence Solutions. AMR has a targeted view to provide business insights and consulting to assist its clients to make strategic business decisions and achieve sustainable growth in their respective market domains.

AMR offers its services across 11 industry verticals including Life Sciences, Consumer Goods, Materials & Chemicals, Construction & Manufacturing, Food & Beverages, Energy & Power, Semiconductor & Electronics, Automotive & Transportation, ICT & Media, Aerospace & Defense, and BFSI.

We are in professional corporate relations with various companies and this helps us in digging out market data that helps us generate accurate research data tables and confirms utmost accuracy in our market forecasting. Each and every data presented in the reports published by us is extracted through primary interviews with top officials from leading companies of domain concerned.

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Examine Potato Protein Market size is witnessing a CAGR of 7.60% from 2019 to 2026 - WhaTech

France Is Having an Existential Crisis About Giving Up Meat to Save the Planet – VICE UK

French President Emmanuel Macron inspects a cow at an exhibition centre in Paris in February 2020. Photo:LUDOVIC MARIN/POOL/AFP via Getty Images

PARIS, France Five years on from the Paris Agreement, the first legally binding international treaty on climate change, France has made grand gestures to avert impending ecological disaster.

The French government has recently proposed a ban on short-haul domestic flights, outlawed the heated terraces beloved in Paris, launched a high-profile citizens convention on the climate and is currently debating an amendment to the constitution that would guarantee the preservation of the environment.

But last month when Grgory Doucet, the progressive Green Party mayor of Lyon, announced that school lunch menus offered to some 29,000 Lyonnais children each day would no longer include meat, for many it was a step too far.

Grald Darmanin, the right-leaning French interior minister, said that dropping meat was scandalous and an unacceptable insult to French farmers and butchers that was part of an elitist and moralist policy.

Julien Denormandie, the agriculture minister, called the Lyon mayors introduction of meat-free lunches aberrational from a nutritional point of view and shameful from a social point of view.

Adding to the cacophony of criticism, Bruno Retailleau, president of the right-wing Les Republicains party in the French Senate, described the move as the totalitarian temptation of a current of thought which wants to impose its options on all by force.

Farmers feed cows on the square facing the city hall of Lyon in protest at the mayor's decision to feed kids from vegetarian-only menus. Photo: OLIVIER CHASSIGNOLE/AFP via Getty Images)

But not all have been critical of Lyons meat-free policy. Instead fierce political factions have emerged on both sides, underlining the existential crisis that France faces as it attempts to uproot age-old traditions to avoid climatic catastrophe.

The Minister of Ecological Transition, Barbara Pompili, was one of those to hit back. We have fallen into a prehistoric debate, she said. I regret these worn out clichs, such as vegetarian food provides an unbalanced diet, when we know that meat can be replaced by fish, eggs, and vegetables which provide all the necessary proteins. It prevents us having a real debate on why we want to implement vegetarian menus.

That debate, added Pompili, should focus on the fact that livestock is responsible for 15% of greenhouse gas emissions. Frances own Ecological Transition Agency (ADEME) estimates that a meat dish on average requires 137g of CO2 emissions nearly ten times the 15g emitted in producing a vegetarian equivalent.

Leading global authorities have come to a similar conclusion. In a special report published in 2019, the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC), the UN climate body, found that plant-based diets are a major opportunity for mitigating climate change, and recommended that countries reduce meat consumption.

For Benoit Granier, food expert for the French Climate Action Network, an environmental campaign group, a reduction in eating meat in France will be key to preventing the destruction of the planet.

Its a qualitative and quantitative problem, says Granier. We eat too much meat and too much bad quality meat. Its led to huge deforestation in Latin America. We need to massively reduce consumption of animal products, especially those made with intensive farming practices.

However, Lyon City Hall has played down the climate aspect and insists the decision to drop meat was made to speed up the service in the citys 206 schools to better comply with the pandemics health protocol requirements under COVID-19, which is now entering a deadly third wave across Europe.

We only took the decision to allow the public service to continue, a spokesperson told VICE World News. Children eat more quickly if theres only one choice and thats needed to allow social distancing to be maintained between students.

But critics are doubtful of this explanation and point to the fact that Mayor Doucet pledged in his election campaign last year to offer the choice of a vegetarian menu every day of the week in schools.

A photo shows the aftermath of a protest by farmers in Puy-de-Dome prefecture in Clermont-Ferrand. Photo: BART MAAT/Thierry Zoccolan AFP/AFP via Getty Images

Mlanie Hamon, a lawyer for the Admys-avocats firm, is representing the Departmental Federation of Farmers' Unions (FDSEA) and parents from Lyon in a legal appeal against the decision to temporarily stop serving meat.

The mayor says the reason for not serving meat is because of COVID but he clearly has a political motive, says Hamon, whose emergency appeal was submitted last month. But in any case, we consider it illegal.

The city's administrative court rejected those initial appeals earlier this month, noting that the non-meat menus do not create a health risk for children in terms of an emergency, allowing municipal canteens to continue not serving meat.

But that ruling has not halted the wave of criticism, with some decrying an assault on Frances sacrosanct individual liberty. Pierre Perrin, president of the Rhne regions Butchers Union, told VICE World News the decision to stop serving meat in Lyons cantines is an attack of freedom and that the environmental argument for reducing meat eating was not proven scientifically.

Its more an ideology, he adds. And its wrong. Eating meat is indispensable. Its very worrying. Good food, good living and good eating is part of Lyons culture. Lyon is the capital of French gastronomy.

Analysts say the furore is being framed by some as the latest Anglophone attack on French society and values: from culture wars to culinary wars.

Vegetarianism is seen as an Anglo-American import, says Renan Larue, a French professor at the University of California. Some are trying to make this a question of French identity and ecologists are being accused of betraying French heritage. Its an explosive cocktail.

Larue believes that the framing is down to the fact that France is increasingly being forced to face something of an existential crisis.

Its a particular moment of malaise, because theres a growing feeling of culpability regarding meat-eating in France but many are still attached to this past, he adds. Thats why theres been such a strong reaction.

Others see different factors behind the backlash. lodie Vieille-Blanchard, president of the vegetarian association of France, says that the very influential meat and dairy lobby in France has also played a role in the size of the debacle.

Theres been a historical support for these industries because of it, she says. Lies have been told, a cacophony of them.

But Vieille-Blanchard says that Frances meat consumption has been on the decline for years as attitudes evolve. In 1998, some 93.6kg of meat was consumed on average a year by every French person but that has since fallen to 86.2kg.

Vieille-Blanchard says that Mad cow disease a fatal condition for cattle that led to health problems in adults who consumed affected meat in the 1990s, and a more recent scandal over horse meat discovered in frozen beef lasagnas, have also led to dips in meat consumption.

I believe the decision by Lyon is common sense, she adds. A sustainable diet for the planet is one largely based on vegetable protein.

But while in January, a vegan restaurant near Bordeaux became the first to earn a prestigious Michelin star, only around 2% of French people say they are vegetarian and 0.5% vegan (although 30% say they are flexitarian).

For now, as French parliament this week debates a climate law that could require canteens to serve a vegetarian meal option every day, Lyon City Hall will continue to serve meatless meals. It remains an unpalatable reality for some.

The Interior Ministry and Ecological Transition Ministry did not respond to requests for comment.

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France Is Having an Existential Crisis About Giving Up Meat to Save the Planet - VICE UK

10 Shadiest Things Aang Did In Avatar: The Last Airbender | CBR – CBR – Comic Book Resources

Aang is the main character of Avatar: The Last Airbender. While there aren't a lot of instances of him being shady, but here's 10 that stand out.

Aang, the protagonist ofAvatar: The Last Airbender, exists at the peak of adorableness his charismatic overtures, his love for peace, his innatenegotiation skills, his vegetarianism, his lack of toxic masculinity, all these features make him one of the most, if not the most, beloved animated characters of all time.

RELATED: Avatar: Toph Vs Korra: Who Wins This Bender Fight?

In the course of his mission,or in general, Aang has gotten himself involved in some rather uncharacteristic activities and has also been responsible for a few dubious decisions. There aren't a lot of instances like these, but here are ten that stand out the most.

Aang learns about being the Avatar at the tender age of twelve (it's normally sixteen, but the monks had the impending war weighing on their minds.)

He behavesimmaturely in this situation and escapes on Appa after learning that he would be transferred to the Eastern Air Temple in order to keep him apart from Gyatso. Aang faces the weight of his responsibilities when he wakes up, though, given that he nowhas a hunter: the banished Prince Zuko seeking to get overa few of his daddy issues.

In the Earthbending city of Omashu, Aang and little Bumi used the "mail route" channels as a personal roller-coaster/slide, deriving immense enjoyment from the rush. In fact, when Team Avatar arrives there over a century later, he forces them to join him in the activity,completely unheedful oftheir terror.

More importantly, Aang fails to consider the consequences of any potential accident; even though he assures his friends that his Airbending can protect them, this doesn't mean that innocent people won't be endangered (like the Cabbage merchant, for example.)

Aang's daredevil behavior extended into the animal kingdom, and hisdesire for this specific brand of novelty might actually be considered a minor form of abuse.

RELATED: Avatar: The Last Airbender - Why Fans Agree The Great Divide Is The Worst Episode In The Series

He is interested in penguin-sailing and riding hog monkeys, whom he claims do not enjoy the experience but "that's what makes it fun!" Aang also surfs on the backs of the Elephant Koi around Kyoshi Island, heedless of the poor thing's consent. At least the Avatar Kuruk surfed on mountain waves generated by his own Waterbending.

As an Airbender of immense repute, Aang naturally finds the coarseness of Firebending uncomfortable at first. Still, when he generates his first flame under the sage guidance of Master Jeong Jeong, his enthusiasm exceeds his skill level and he accidentallyinjures Katara's hands.

It's great that Aang is immediately apologetic, but he takes his contrition too far by vowing to, "never Firebend again." On a positive note, Katara conceives her own healing powers while soothing her palms in flowing water.

When Katara and Sokka begin talking about their home and childhood, Aang is upset because he is unable to share that bond with them. Rather than have a discussion about being left out, he decides to prevent his friends from "abandoning" him to go see their long-lost father, Hakoda, by concealingthe map leading to his locationwithin his outfit.

Later, when Bato celebrates Team Avatar for their greatest features Aang being trustworthiness hisshame forces him to reveal his indiscretion, but Sokka and Katara are far too furious with him to care at this point.

It is a paradoxical quirk of nature that permits Aang to hold on to his friends against their will but simultaneously lets himforsake them whenever he's in a bad mood: even if they aren't at fault.

RELATED: Avatar The Last Airbender: 10 Non-Benders That Would Give Aang A Good Fight

Upon discovering that Sandbenders had stolen his best friend, he flies into a torrential rage and just Airbends off into the Si Wong desert, leaving the others to fend for themselves. When Toph confirms the identity of the kidnappers, Aang morphs into the Avatar State andwould have probably vaporized the settlement if Katara hadn't calmed him down.

When Team Avatar infiltrates Wan Shi Tong's mega-library, the owl spirit only allows them to rifle through its tomes and manuscripts only if they swear never to "abuse the knowledge" obtained from his collection.

Of course, Sokka has to slip up at some point, and when Wan Shi Tong finds out that they actually plan to use the upcoming solar eclipse to attack the Fire Nation, he tries to stop them from escapingwhile sinking the building deeper into the desert. It is understandable, given the extenuating circumstances, but the Avatar should never take a vow they do not plan to keep.

Aang figures out how to unlock his chakraswith the helpof Guru Pathik, a decrepit old man bursting with luminous wisdom. However, he cannot get himself to open the seventh and final one, because this means abandoning his earthly ties (and there is no way he can even dream of doing that to Katara.)

Aang does try, at least, but second, he catches a whiff of his love being in danger, he abandons his training and rushes to rescue her.At the end,the chakragets blocked by Azula's perfectly-timed lightning bending blast, anyway.

While "touring" through the Fire Nation, the gang comes across a play based on their adventures watching themselves interact on stage results in unique responses from everyone, but Aang is clearly the most impacted.

RELATED: Avatar: Toph Vs Fire Lord Ozai: Who Wins This Bender Fight?

When he sulks about his feelings to Katara, she says that she can't give him a clear answer with everything else going on. Aang lets his hormones do the talking and try to attack her with a kiss, but this only makes the situation worse because Katara is now angry with him for ignoring her agency.

Ozai's staggering Firebending capabilities aside, his tendency towards manipulating and backstabbing made it imperative that he be stopped; except, Aang refuses to accept this outcome,and searches for the perfect balance between what the world desires and what he does.

Luckily, he finds the answer to his conundrum in the form of a Lion Turtle and takes Ozai's bending away (a technique repeated on the Bloodbender Yakonein the sequel.) What would he have done it didn't have this option, though? Would he have broken Air Nomad code and committed murder? Or would he have let everything burn?

NEXT: Avatar: Uncle Iroh Vs Fire Lord Ozai: Who Wins This Fire Nation Fight?

Next Legend of Korra: 5 Couples Fans Loved (& 5 They Couldn't Stand)

Ajay's natural habitat is his bedroom, which means that his time is spent staring at his TV screen in a hypnotic coma. He tends to rant about the lack of quality programming in his life but the amount of content he consumes would make even Galactus gassy.

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10 Shadiest Things Aang Did In Avatar: The Last Airbender | CBR - CBR - Comic Book Resources

Plant-Based Meat Market Size Is Projected to Reach $35.4 Billion By 2027 | CAGR: 15.8%: Polaris Market Research – PRNewswire

NEW YORK, Nov. 4, 2020 /PRNewswire/ -- The globalplant-based meat marketsize is expected to reach USD 35.4 billion by 2027 according to a new study conducted by Polaris Market Research. the market is anticipated to register a CAGR of15.8% from 2020 to 2027 Increasing awareness among consumers for healthy food products, a continuously growing global population, and a major shift towards food production and consumption are some of the major factors anticipated to drive the growth of the global market. Increasing demand for rich protein-based food for having nutritional benefits coupled with consumer's preference for cost-effective products, further fueling the demand for plant-based meat products. In addition to this, the growing trend of vegetarianism and veganism is offering enormous growth potential to the global plant-based meat market.

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Key Points from the Report:

Increasing demand for plant-based meatcan benefit financially stable global players such as Conagra and Nestle. Attractive moves such as faster delivery and effective cost-cutting can enable them to strengthen their foothold in the market.

Get Full Research Summary on plant-based meat market : https://www.polarismarketresearch.com/industry-analysis/plant-based-meat-market

The global plant-based meat market is driven by growing concern towards animal based meat owing to global narrative that COVID-19 originated from wild animals. The growing vegan population in Europe, consumer awareness towards nutritional benefits, and innovations in food technology coupled with funding support from investment firms. Recently, in June 2020, Veganuary, the UK based non-profit organization introduced Veg Capital, funding solutions plant-based food companies. It will provide fund of around EUR 50,000 to 2,50,000 to the plant-based food startups.

Leading players present in the global plant-based meat market are : Amy's Kitchen, Greenwise, Beyond Meat, Impossible Foods Gold & Green Foods, Garden Protein International, Maple Leaf Foods, The Vegetarian Butcher, Quorn Foods, VBites, Morningstar Farms, Omnipork, Novameat, Tofurky, Zikooin, Sunfed, Zhenmeat, and V2food. The lucrative opportunities present in the market have attracted major companies as well as new ventures to invest in the market. The global market is turning out to be highly competitive as leading global players started expanding their business operations in different regions of the world.

Companies are involved in new product launches and increasing geographic reach to increase their consumer base. The global plant-based meat market is becoming even more competitive as Asian companies such as Whole Perfect Foods Co., Ltd, and GoodDot investing in the market.

Have Any Query Or Specific Requirement? Feel Free To Ask Our Industry Experts At : https://www.polarismarketresearch.com/industry-analysis/plant-based-meat-market/speak-to-analyst

Polaris Market research has segmented the plant-based meat market report on the basis of source, product, distribution channel, and region

Plant-based Meat Source Outlook (Revenue USD Million, 2016 2027)

Plant-based Meat Product Outlook (Revenue USD Million, 2016 2027)

Plant-based Meat Distribution Channel Outlook (Revenue USD Million, 2016 2027)

Plant-based Meat Regional Outlook (Revenue USD Million, 2016 2027)

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Plant-Based Meat Market Size Is Projected to Reach $35.4 Billion By 2027 | CAGR: 15.8%: Polaris Market Research - PRNewswire

Seeing India, Pak history through the lens of caste – The Indian Express

We see caste as a problem, not as an analytical category. It is the object of analysis but never its subject. Scholarship on Indias history includes caste as one element, with class and community comprising other categories. What would the history of India look like if seen through the lens of caste?

Ambedkar made this argument for ancient India, seeing the struggle between Brahminism and Buddhism, interrupted by Muslim invasions that destroyed the latter and included the former within a new order. Hinduism emerged from this conquest by adopting Buddhist practices of vegetarianism, temples, floral offerings and non-violence. Buddhists, meanwhile, converted to Islam from the low castes to which they had been reduced.

Whatever its accuracy, Ambedkars history repudiated the dualistic narrative of Hindu-Muslim conflict by including caste within it. Ambedkar claimed that by launching the movement for Pakistan, the Muslim League abandoned its history of alliances between caste and religious minorities. It came instead to an agreement with the Congress as one high-caste party with another to divide the spoils of Independence.

I want to offer a parallel account of how caste permits us to understand modern Indian history. Consider how the Bania tells us a different story about this past. The first time this caste transformed modern India was in the 18th Century, when traders supported the East India Company to make colonialism possible. They did so by switching allegiance from Kshatriya rulers, whether Hindu or Muslim.

The second time Banias changed Indias modern history was with the development of the Congress as a mass organisation under Gandhi. The Kshatriyas displaced by colonialism had by then been replaced in politics by Brahmin lawyers and administrators. The first Bania to take power from the Brahmins who dominated the party, Gandhi gained for it the support of Indias traders.

The national and religious culture promoted by Gandhi was also Bania in character, defined by bhakti, ahimsa and popular Vaishnavism. His rival Jinnah performed a similar feat in the Muslim League, which had been run by an administrative class equivalent to the Brahmins, alongside remnants of the old Kshatriya elite.

Jinnah was from the Khoja caste of traders and, like Gandhi, the first Bania to gain control of his party while bringing Muslim capitalists to support it. Khoja are mostly converts of Hindu Lohana caste. Jinnah boasted of his ability to talk to Gandhi as a Khoja would to a Bania.

If Gandhis rise to power signalled the emergence of a new national culture for Hindus, Jinnahs rise accomplished the same for Muslims. The culture of learning and honour that had characterised the Leagues Brahmin and Kshatriya elite was replaced by a Bania focus on contractual politics.

With Independence, Banias in both countries had to take a back seat. In India they were restricted by a Brahmin bureaucracy and in Pakistan excluded by a new Kshatriya elite. With Brahmins disempowered by the loss of their bases in north India, power soon came to be exercised directly by Kshatriyas through the military.

The multiplicity of power centres in post-colonial India led to a variety of alliances, in which the numerical dominance of Shudras has been divided, joined or mediated by other castes. Pakistan was dominated by a Kshatriya-Shudra grouping in the west and a Shudra-Dalit-Adivasi one in the east, with Brahmin administrators and Bania capitalists of little account in either wing.

In India, Banias played a major role for a third time during the countrys economic liberalisation in the early 1990s, which freed them to adopt a new political identity in Hindutvas Brahmin-Bania combine. Their religiosity is not the austere kind valued by Brahmin ideologues like Savarkar, however, but continues to be focused on bhakti.

In Pakistan, meanwhile, the Kshatriya-Shudra grouping became an absolute majority with the separation of Bangladesh. Even a traders party like that of Nawaz Sharif must adopt Kshatriya ideals to survive. As for Brahmins, their declining status has allowed them to emerge as ideological brokers for groups making claims to power in the name of Islam.

Religion has come to define national culture in both countries, allowing different castes to identify with each other by excluding minorities. While Hinduism provides a home for many sectarian cultures in India, Islam in Pakistan is exclusive.

Why does Islam as a national ideology have to find its enemies within the Muslim community in Pakistan, whether among Ahmadis or Shias, Deobandis or Barelvis? Because the emergence of Bangladesh eliminated Hindus as a substantial minority, with Christians, Sikhs and Parsis also too insignificant.

While Christians and Hindus are discriminated against and even persecuted in Pakistan, as Muslims and Christians sometimes are in India, they are not seen to represent any serious threat to Islam. This means that Islam comes to dominate politics in such a way as to obscure both caste and religious difference.

If the suspect religious minority in Pakistan is to be found within Islam, non-Muslim groups come to represent not religious but caste difference. A Muslim community dominated by Kshatriyas and Shudras thus attacks Christians in Punjab as Dalits, while discriminating against Hindus in Sind as Dalits, Banias and Adivasis.

Christians and Hindus also serve as repositories for the caste identities of Muslims, who escape their status by displacing it onto them. While caste differences in India are also displaced onto a religious minority, in Pakistan this displacement locates the minority within and caste outside Islam. Caste really does allow us to see history anew.

Faisal Devji is Professor of Indian History at the University of Oxford

Suraj Yengde, author of Caste Matters, curates the fortnightly Dalitality column

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Seeing India, Pak history through the lens of caste - The Indian Express

A definitive examination of plant-based burgers – The Stony Brook Press

Hamburgers: possibly the most American food ever in the popular imagination even if some say it came from German immigrants. Some might even consider it a staple food due to its prevalence across fast food menus. I, a proud American, sadly perpetuate this stereotype.

I love hamburgers. And with the success of Burger King and McDonalds and the ubiquity of burgers at backyard barbecues I am not alone in loving them.

That was why it took me so long to finally commit to becoming a vegetarian about three years ago. The exact reasons why involve podcasts, personal philosophy and maybe a little unhealthy guilt, but these are too complex to explain without their own article. Suffice to say that it was a hard decision to make, in part because of the prospect of forgoing cheap, filling and moderately tasty burgers.

Traditional vegetarian patty sandwich options had always been a part of my diet, like black bean burgers and garden veggie burgers. But to me, they had never actually tasted like the same type of food. I like black bean burgers, but their texture was always more smooth and paste-like than ground beef. The same goes for garden veggie burgers, which are often at their best more sweet than savory due to their corn and carrot components.

For the first couple of weeks of my life as a vegetarian, I was set to never taste what I assumed was the unique savory profile of beef and fish ever again. But then I saw a strange ad at my community college cafeteria asking me to try the Impossible Burger. Alongside claims of carbon footprint reduction, it had a similar promise to a later ad for their Burger King outing: Try it and dont see the difference. And at least for me, I can say that the Impossible Burger did the impossible successfully it made a beef-like burger without any beef. Now, especially after Burger King started selling the Impossible Whopper in New York, I may be eating more burgers than I did before I went vegetarian.

And Im not alone in this. In 2016, a study from the Pew Research Center, about American attitudes towards food, found that nearly one in ten Americans say they are either entirely or mostly vegetarian or vegan. A full 22% of people who said they were focused on eating healthy and nutritious food also said they were mostly vegetarian or vegan. Since then, the market for what marketers call plant-based meat has grown every year, with over $900 million in sales in 2019.

According to registered dietician Jenna A. Werner, who has worked in the field for 15 years, what makes these new plant burgers more beef-like than previous recipes is a variety of vegetarian protein sources instead of just soy- and bean-based products, as were popular in the past, Werner said, in an interview with Shape.com. Brands are using pea and rice for protein, plus fruit and veggie extracts added for color. Impossible Foods even claims that each Impossible Burger uses 87% less water and 96% less land in its production process than an equivalent 4-ounce ground beef patty.

So, with that in mind, I decided to look into how these new burgers stack up against the classics and each other.

How healthy are they?

It is important to remember that the serving size used to give nutritional information varies. For uncooked, pre-packaged patties available at the grocery store, the serving size is one patty, no matter the pattys actual size. For a burger served in a restaurant, the serving size is one whole burger, and includes the bun, seasonings and toppings. A store-bought sesame seed bun alone can add around 90 calories to a meal, and Burger Kings Whoppers openly advertise larger-than-usual buns.

The size of the patty is also not standardized. Most of the beef and plant meat patties Im comparing are 4 ounces (a little over 113 grams), as is industry standard. The more traditional veggie burgers, already marketed to a more health-conscious audience, are slightly smaller. So, keep those two qualifiers in mind calories from non-patty ingredients and unequal serving sizes as you make your choices.

How much will they cost you?

According to Vice News, an average American consumes three hamburgers a week. This average includes people who eat none, as well as people who eat multiple hamburgers every day so the standard deviation may be significant. However, for a simplified exercise, lets assume this subject is a college student who eats some sort of burger three times a week.

That student starts out eating 12 burgers a month. Eight of them may come from a fast food restaurant because who has time to cook? When they have the time available though, theyll grill around four burgers a month, buying a pack of four hamburger buns to eat them with. So, the student starts off paying around $52.50 per month for their burger habit.

Then, the student decides to try out vegetarianism for a while, but doesnt want to give up burgers just yet. The next month, they opt for an Impossible Whopper whenever they go to Burger King and buy Beyond Burgers at the grocery store when they want to grill. Now theyre paying $66.70 per month about $14 more than before.

After budgeting and seeing this increase, the student decides to keep buying vegetarian, but give up on plant-based meat to save money. Buying 12 traditional garden veggie burgers and a pack of 12 buns that month, they only spend a little over $23. However, they will have to choose between a Fieldburgers high sodium content and traditional garden veggie burgers very un-beef-like taste.

But what about the environment?

I had initially thought to compare the carbon footprint of each product the same way I compared everything else in the tables. But as I researched, I realized a single number cannot really represent the complexity of measuring environmental impact.

First off, food transport in diesel-engine trucks between processing facilities, grocery stores and consumers is a major portion of greenhouse gas emissions. So the carbon footprint of a single burger varies wildly depending on the distances between these places not to mention the fuel efficiency of the vehicles used. A single average would be useless information for the environmentally-conscious consumer.

Moreover, the modern plant-based meat movement that actually seeks to prove it can and should replace meat in our diets only really began with the launch of The Impossible Burger in 2016. The research on impact is in its scientific infancy. It will be many years before someone will have enough data to independently determine and compare the effects on the environment.

What is known is that multiple sources have shown that raising cows for slaughter is the most resource-intensive activity in the world food industry so cutting down on the cows we eat might be a good idea. It certainly cant hurt the environment to encourage more legume and soy protein production, but the difference in impact between a veggie burger and plant meat seems small so far.

I would like to give an unequivocal stamp of approval to the plant meat burgers, but I cannot. None of them are noticeably more or less healthy than a beef burger once you add in traditional toppings like mayo, ketchup and onions. It seems that if you want a meaty taste, a burger is always going to be a burger. Its never going to be healthy food.

When it comes to cost, if youre strapped for cash, plant meat is either about as expensive or more expensive than beef. So for low-budget vegans, traditional veggie burgers are the more economical option.

And as for the environmentalism angle that got the industry started, the data linked earlier does indicate that producing less beef would reduce humanitys carbon footprint. However, right now there is still too little data on the difference between the carbon footprint of traditional veggie burgers and plant meat burgers. The global carbon footprint reduction companies like Impossible Foods and Beyond Meat are aiming for would come from more people eating less beef due to their products more meat-like taste, but the plant meat industry is still young with a smaller reach compared to traditional meat suppliers.

Bottom line, The Impossible Burger and its friends are here to stay. And who knows, maybe they will replace meat one day in the far future. Beyond the taste though, there is not much special about them. Theyre neither that harmful nor that healthy, and they are definitely not that cheap. But if you want to reduce your environmental impact without changing your diet, maybe the financial hit is worth it.

I, for one, am still eating them.

Read more here:
A definitive examination of plant-based burgers - The Stony Brook Press