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Childhood obesity — can faith-based organizations make a difference?

Posted on February 21, 2012 by ev1

Public release date: 21-Feb-2012
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Contact: Cathia Falvey
cfalvey@liebertpub.com
914-740-2100
Mary Ann Liebert, Inc./Genetic Engineering News

New Rochelle, NY, February 21, 2012?Faith-based advocacy has been cited as a valuable tool in combating childhood obesity, but evidence is needed to support this assertion and to define how the link between advocacy and policy can contribute to promoting permanent lifestyle changes. This article is part of a special issue of the journal Childhood Obesity celebrating the second anniversary of First Lady Michelle Obama's Let's Move! initiative. The issue includes a special Foreword by Mrs. Obama and is available free on the Childhood Obesity website at http://www.liebertpub.com/chi.

"Faith-Based Advocacy To End Childhood Obesity: Using Evidence-Based Information," an article by Michael Minor, AB, MBA, MS, EdD, Director, H.O.P.E. Health Initiative, National Baptist Convention, USA, Incorporated, Hernando, Mississippi, discusses the development of a national evidence-based paradigm to support the belief that faith-based advocacy can have an effective role in preventing childhood obesity.

This special Let's Move! issue has a wide range of contributions from leaders in the fight against childhood obesity including Secretary of Agriculture Tom Vilsack, NFL quarterback Drew Brees, Stephen Daniels, MD, PhD, Sandra Hassink, MD, Margo Wootan, DSc, and Editor-in-Chief David Katz, MD, MPH.

The issue covers a broad range of topics including creating environments that support routine physical activity and a healthy lifestyle, after-school obesity prevention programs, nutrition standards for school meals, faith-based advocacy efforts to end childhood obesity, gaming and technology for weight control, parent training programs for 2-4 year old Latino children, the role of sleep in childhood obesity, a roundtable discussion about what we don't know about childhood obesity, industry efforts to help children make healthy food choices, and success stories from the Let's Move! initiative.

"If we compare our efforts to overcome the peril of childhood obesity to a war, we must acknowledge that it is being waged, and can only be won, on multiple fronts," says David L. Katz, MD, MPH, Editor-in-Chief of Childhood Obesity and Director of Yale University's Prevention Research Center. "The faith-based community represents a veritable army of good works that can make a vitally important contribution to this campaign. Dr. Minor shows us how that can happen in an evidence-based manner. As we wait for evidence to catch up with on-going efforts, he also gives us reason?to have a little faith!"

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About the Journal

Childhood Obesity is a bimonthly journal, published in print and online, and the journal of record for all aspects of communication on the broad spectrum of issues and strategies related to weight management and obesity prevention in children and adolescents. The Journal includes peer-reviewed articles documenting cutting-edge research and clinical studies, opinion pieces and roundtable discussions, profiles of successful programs and interventions, and updates on task force recommendations, global initiatives, and policy platforms. It reports on news and developments in science and medicine, features programs and initiatives developed in the public and private sector, and a Literature Watch. Tables of content and a sample issue may be viewed on the Childhood Obesity website at http://www.liebertpub.com/chi.

Childhood Obesity is partly funded by a grant from the W.K. Kellogg Foundation to ensure that the Journal is accessible as widely as possible, and to provide a framework that addresses the social and environmental conditions that influence opportunities for children to have access to healthy, affordable food and safe places to play and be physically active.

About the Company

Mary Ann Liebert, Inc. is a privately held, fully integrated media company known for establishing authoritative medical and biomedical peer-reviewed journals, including Population Health Management, Pediatric Allergy, Immunology, and Pulmonology, Diabetes Technology & Therapeutics, and Metabolic Syndrome and Related Disorders. Its biotechnology trade magazine, Genetic Engineering & Biotechnology News (GEN), was the first in its field and is today the industry's most widely read publication worldwide. A complete list of the firm's 70 journals, newsmagazines, and books is available online at http://www.liebertpub.com.

Mary Ann Liebert, Inc. 140 Huguenot St., New Rochelle, NY 10801-5215
Phone: (914) 740-2100 (800) M-LIEBERT Fax: (914) 740-2101 http://www.liebertpub.com

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DNA link alleged to child shooting scene

Posted on February 21, 2012 by ev1

Police allege they have DNA evidence linking a prospective member of the Hells Angels to a home invasion during which an 11-year-old boy was shot at Semaphore in Adelaide.

The man has been refused bail in the Magistrates Court.

Former Fink Mark Sandery was enraged when his son was shot in their Military Road home last September.

The boy was sleeping with his brother in a bedroom when the shots were fired, wounding him twice in the left leg.

Five months later, Arron Cluse, 21, has been charged and faced court over the home invasion.

Police have told the court they found Cluse's DNA on a hammer used to smash windows at the scene.

They also claim to have found two balaclavas at Cluse's house and glass fragments from the windows.

The prosecutor has also revealed Cluse's now-former home was riddled by 14 gunshots last December, then set alight a month later.

Fearing for his safety, Cluse fled interstate to stay with family.

Defence lawyer Aaron Almeida has told the court Cluse will plead not guilty and there is no motive or evidence to link him to the shooting.

Magistrate Robert Harrup refused bail, ruling the charges were too serious and the accused was a flight risk, a judgment that distressed his family and friends.

Read the rest here:
DNA link alleged to child shooting scene

Will Network DNA Sabotage Your Journey to the Cloud?

Posted on February 21, 2012 by ev1

After more than four years “in the cloud,” I have come to the conclusion that one of the most difficult challenges for large enterprise customers to overcome on their journey to cloud is the DNA of the network. This is true regardless if the customer is simply consolidating standardized services to be delivered via an on-premise private cloud or consuming services from a cloud provider (private, hybrid or public.) Each Network DNA strand seems to oppose a core value proposition for cloud, such as virtualization, automation, self-service, and workload mobility just to name a few. Fortunately, “gene therapy” treatments are available which can significant improve the quality of experience and service from any cloud.

Before describing each of the Network DNA alterations needed, I would be remiss if I didn’t mention the No. 1 challenge enterprise customers’ face on their journey to cloud: human behavior. IT teams are accustomed to building services, but must be willing to enable automation and self-service and consume services. Internal customers used to IT meeting 100% of their requirements must be willing to use services that may only meet 80% of their needs, but do so in a more cost effective and timely matter. Without changing these basic behaviors, enterprises will continue to struggle with requirement bottlenecks, lack of business agility and issues concerning expense and/or compliance due to “shadow IT”. The bottom line is that changing human behavior is almost always the biggest challenge to harnessing the value of any disruptive shift in technology — the cloud is simply the latest.

Network latency and lack of network bandwidth have always presented challenges to enterprise customers. Amid the ever-expanding demand to quickly send larger amounts of data to more users around the globe, the network has always struggled to keep up. With the more recent explosive growth in enterprise mobile and real time services (e.g. voice, video, analytics, etc.), the network latency/bandwidth challenge has intensified. Moving to a cloud service delivery and/or a cloud service consumption model, can either cause the customer to lose this battle or gain the upper hand.

Many large enterprise customers have optimized workloads with dedicated environments (server, storage and network). Switching to a virtualized/shared environment can have a tremendous (and often under-estimated) impact on the performance and thus experience of the users. Consolidation also requires dealing with larger geographic distances, then this impact is even greater. I have seen many cloud experiments end here with an assumption that this application workload is not cloud ready but it doesn’t have to be this way.

The first step is leveraging Application Delivery Control (ADC) to optimize virtualized and remotely accessed applications. It is important to determine if the application has special optimization requirements and whether the ADC supports the preferred deployment. For example, cloud based SAP environments can only be fully optimized by certified ADC vendors. Similarly, some ADC vendors do not support KVM or Xen, which would then require physical appliances with limited elasticity. The IBM SmartCloud works with a variety of ADC vendors including Citrix, F5, Radware and Riverbed/Zeus so that we can work with a broad range of customer requirements.

A second step is directly related to global reach. Large customers often want to reach new markets (e.g. BRIC countries) via cloud based services. To deliver the highest quality of experience and with the required SLAs is only possible via the virtual network overlay (VNO) model. Network latency and bandwidth limitations that stem from basic laws of physics often require a distributed, rather than centralized solution. Other geographies may require business data to be kept within certain borders, which in turn means that the associated services are similarly restricted. Building cloud data centers in all required geographies will not resolve the issues since many cloud based workloads are distributed and loosely coupled (i.e. actually composite services whose individual components may be delivered from multiple locations and/or multiple vendors). Fortunately, IBM has long partnerships with Akamai and Virtela who provide VNO based services, that can patch together disparate services over large geographic areas.

Network virtualization and automation are essential to ensure that the cloud is truly elastic. Ignoring elasticity can cause your cloud journey to reach a dead end. This need for elasticity drives requirements in the following two areas:

Increasing the speed at which new services can be made available to new clients Decouple network services from the underlying physical equipment

Managing IP addresses with spreadsheets and homegrown database solutions cannot keep pace with the “need for speed” and this need will only increase with the need to accommodate new requirements like IPv6. Automating and managing network DDI (DHCP, DNS, and IP address management (IPAM)) services as part of a service orchestration/delivery is a key requirement for cloud. These DDI services are necessary as cloud services, VMs and connected devices proliferate. IBM, Juniper and BlueCat have partnered to help customers ensure that their journey doesn’t get sidetracked due to the lack of DDI automation (Building a Smarter Network with IPAM).

Standards organizations and cloud communities (e.g OpenStack) have only recently started to focus on virtualizing networks and providing these resources as a service. Networking equipment that implements these virtualization and automation services will be much more suitable to cloud computing. However, today’s networking equipment is relatively inelastic when it comes to most services. Fortunately, there have been great strides made in software defined networking. This is particularly helpful workload mobility requires substantial elasticity in network resources. There are a number of innovative software defined networking vendors who specialize in moving virtual application environments, independent from the underlying networking equipment. This can improve agile development and operations (Dev/Ops) and also significant reduces costs.

Understanding the end-to-end networking for a cloud environment is essential. Most software defined networking does a good job of enabling workload mobility between “like” environments. Unfortunately, the IT landscape within data centers is rarely homogeneous. In addition, most large customers want to leverage hybrid cloud and there is little chance that the on-premise IT landscape will be similar to a cloud service provider. There is also a misconception about the net value of live workload migrations that retain application state. While this may sound appealing, it even further solidifies the need for the mobility to be between like environments and forces “lock-in” to technology and vendors. For most workloads, it is more important to “capture” an existing application with its corresponding networking context and then quickly spin up a new virtualized environment for that application with its networking context intact. This approach not only allows the customer to move workloads between diverse environments but it also can help transition legacy application environments to the cloud. IBM SmartCloud is currently working with CohesiveFT and AppZero in the context of our Elastic Enterprise Application Services partnership (Elastic Enterprise Application Services).

I expect the network to make g
reat strides in developing “Cloud DNA” over the next few years. However, like all aspects of the cloud, the network will need to continually evolve keep up with the growing demands and expectations placed on it by applications and users.

The rest is here:
Will Network DNA Sabotage Your Journey to the Cloud?

Roy Britten dies at 92; Caltech biologist was DNA, gene pioneer

Posted on February 21, 2012 by ev1

Roy J. Britten, a Caltech biologist who discovered that the mammalian genome includes large quantities of repetitive DNA sequences that do not serve as blueprints for genes, has died. He was 92.

Britten, who had pancreatic cancer, died Jan. 21 at his home in Costa Mesa, Caltech announced.

Britten and molecular biologist Eric Davidson, a Caltech colleague, also played a key role in the development of the field of evolutionary developmental biology, which demonstrated that most of the differences between species arise from changes in how similar genes are regulated, rather than from mutations in the genes themselves.

"He was one of the truly brilliant people I have known," Davidson said in a statement.

Maxine F. Singer, former president of the Carnegie Institution for Science in Washington, called Britten "a scientist's scientist."

Before the work of Britten and other researchers in the 1960s, scientists had thought that the massive genomes of animals and humans – the complete genetic blueprint of DNA required to produce an organism – were composed mainly of individual genes.

But Britten and colleague David Kohne, both then at the Carnegie Institution, demonstrated that such genomes were composed of not only genes, but also unique stretches of DNA and long sequences of repetitive DNA that did not serve as blueprints for genes. Much of this material is interspersed in the middle of genes. This material was once considered to be "junk DNA," but research has since shown that it plays a critical role in the development and functioning of all animals.

Britten and Kohne used a process called renaturation, in which the double-stranded molecules of DNA in the genome were chopped into smaller segments and separated into individual strands. Because the two strands are complementary, they will reassemble themselves – become renatured – when they are in solution.

But because mammalian DNA is so long and complicated – comprising about 3 billion individual base pairs in humans – that process is very slow. Britten reasoned that if there were many repetitive sequences of DNA, renaturation would occur more quickly, at a rate dependent on the amount of repetition.

The pair's experiments, reported in 1968, showed that this was, indeed, the case, but they had to use extremely concentrated solutions of DNA and the process still required days. A key component of their work involved the use of the mineral hydroxyapatite to separate double-stranded DNA from single-stranded for analysis. Britten, Davidson noted, turned hydroxyapatite "into a laboratory workhorse."

It soon became clear that actual genes, which serve as the blueprint for proteins, enzymes and other cellular components, accounted for only a few percent of the genome. Britten's work "provided the most accurate images of what DNA is like until sequencing came along decades later," Davidson said.

In 1971, Britten moved to Caltech and began a quarter-century collaboration with Davidson. The pair demonstrated how repetitive and single-copy DNA are organized in animal genomes, measured the amount of single-copy DNA in genes that are expressed (turned on) during embryonic development and began the analysis of gene regulatory systems that underlie development. They found that only about 5% of single-copy DNA was actually genes.

That work helped create the field now known as evolutionary developmental biology, commonly known as "evo devo." The main tenet of the field is that it is the regulation of genes, rather than their structure, that provides most of the differences between species. Very similar genes, for example, are needed for the production of fins in fish and limbs in humans. It is the differences in how these genes are controlled by regulatory elements that determines what is actually produced.

Roy John Britten was born Oct. 1, 1919, in Washington and was raised in Arlington, Va. His father was a statistician at the Public Health Service and his mother worked at the National Research Council. His parents permitted Britten and his brother to set up a chemistry lab in their basement.

At 16, Britten enrolled at the University of Virginia to study physics, receiving his bachelor's degree in 1940. During World War II, he joined the Manhattan Project, where he attempted to use magnetic beam techniques to separate and purify isotopes of uranium. The project did not work, however, which he frequently noted pleased him because he was a committed pacifist.

After the war, he received a doctorate in nuclear physics in 1951 from Princeton University. His graduate work involved the development of the quadrupole magnet, which was made by placing four bar magnets at angles of 90 degrees to each other. Quadrupole magnets are now widely used in spectroscopy and in accelerators. Britten often lamented that he neglected to patent the idea.

A lifelong interest in biology, however, prompted Britten to switch his specialty to biophysics when he joined the Carnegie Institution in 1951.

An avid sailor, Britten voyaged around the world. For many years, he lived on his schooner, Tiercel, which was moored in Newport Bay near Caltech's Kerckhoff Marine Laboratory in Corona del Mar, where he did most of his research.

Divorced from his first wife, Britten married Jacqueline Reid in 1986. She died in 2001. He is survived by two sons from his first marriage, Kenneth of Winters, Calif., and Gregory of Penacook, N.H.

Maugh is a former Times staff writer.

news.obits@latimes.com

The 'DNA robots' that hunt cancer cells

Posted on February 21, 2012 by ev1

Harvard scientists invent a novel method of eliminating invasive tumors, employing nano-sized machines fashioned after white blood cells

In a concept that sounds eerily similar to science fiction, researchers from Harvard University have created tiny nano-sized "DNA robots" that can be instructed to hunt and destroy cancer cells. Scientists created the bio-machines to carry out the duties normally reserved for immune-system-boosting white blood cells, and the mini-robots could potentially lead to treatments for other autoimmune diseases. Here, a brief look at this "exciting" new experimental form of therapy:

How do these robots kill cancer?
The tiny devices were constructed out of DNA strands and folded into a shape resembling a clamshell. Researchers call it the "DNA origami" method. The devices are pre-programmed to open up in the presence of cancerous cells. Once open, the robot releases a series of antibodies that cause its target to self-destruct. "The idea is based on the behavior of the body's immune cells," says Elizabeth Lopatto at Bloomberg Businessweek, "which recognize viruses or other invaders and attack them." (Watch a demonstration below.)

SEE MORE: The mini flying robots that swarm like 'a 1980s arcade game'

And this really worked?
In preliminary lab-controlled tests, a team of Harvard scientists, led by Shawn Douglas, used the DNA robots to identify and effectively kill leukemia and lymphoma cells in a petri dish. "In diseases such as cancer, we know if we can find every single last cell and kill or reprogram it, we can cure disease," said Douglas.

What's next for the cancer-killing bots?
Researchers will test the robots in animals like mice. Introducing the robots into living bodies will present a new set of challenges, says The State Column, including figuring out how to minimize the robot's toxicity levels, and increasing the amount of time the robots can circulate in the blood stream, particularly because the DNA robots can't reproduce on their own. Commercial use of the robots is still years away.

Sources: Bloomberg Businessweek, Mashable, The State Column, Technorati

View this article on TheWeek.com Get 4 Free Issues of The Week

Eukaryopolis – The City of Animal Cells: Biology #4 – Video

Posted on February 21, 2012 by ev1

20-02-2012 14:41 Hank tells us about the city of Eukaryopolis - the animal cell that is responsible for all the cool things that happen in our bodies. Like SciShow on Facebook: http://www.facebook.com Follow SciShow on Twitter: http://www.twitter.com More info. on the structures described in this video linked to in the Google Document here: dft.ba Table of Contents time codes 1) Robert Hooke 1:59 2) Cilia/Flagella 2:52 3) Cell Membrane 3:32 4) Cytoplasm/Cytoskeleton/Centrosomes 3:58 5) Endoplasmic Reticulum 4:41 6) Ribosomes 5:45 7) Golgi Apparatus 6:00 8) Lysosomes 6:47 9) Nucleus 7:06 10) Mitochondria 9:14 TAGS: crashcourse, biology, animal cells, cell membrane, eukaryote, eukaryotic, organelle, organ, tissue, muscle, nerve, animalia, robert hooke, cilia, flagella, microtubules, cytoplasm, ctyoskeleton, centrosome, nucleus, nucleoplasm, nucleolus, endoplasmic reticulum, ribosome, amino acid, polypeptide, golgi apparatus, golgi, lysosomes, DNA, chromatin, rRNA, mRNA, mitochondria

Excerpt from:
Eukaryopolis - The City of Animal Cells: Biology #4 - Video

New discovery in fight against Huntington's disease

Posted on February 21, 2012 by ev1

Public release date: 21-Feb-2012
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Contact: Rachel Jarmy
rjarmy@plos.org
44-122-344-2837
Public Library of Science

Researchers at National University of Ireland Galway have made a significant scientific discovery in the fight against Huntington's disease. The novel findings are published 21 February in the online, open access journal PLoS Biology.

Huntington's disease is an incurable, inherited, neurodegenerative disorder that causes uncontrolled movements, emotional disturbances, and severe mental deterioration. It affects over 100,000 people worldwide, with another 300,000 likely to develop symptoms in their lifetime. There is currently no way to halt progression of the disease, and available treatments are designed only to manage the symptoms.

The new research identifies specific enzymes called HDACs, or histone deacetylase complexes, as positive agents for the mutation that underlies Huntington's disease. When HDACs are active, they exacerbate the disease-causing mutation in cells, possibly contributing to the severity of the disorder. The new research found that blocking these HDACs with experimental drugs greatly reduced the risk of further mutation.

"Ongoing mutations in the brain of Huntington's patients are thought to drive progression of the disease," said Professor Robert Lahue of National University of Ireland Galway's Centre for Chromosome Biology, and lead author on the new research paper. "Our discovery suggests that inhibiting HDAC function slows down the mutation process, and thereby could slow disease progression. A key finding of the research was to pinpoint specific HDACs for selective inhibition."

Several laboratories in the United States of America are currently testing new HDAC inhibitors for efficacy and safety in laboratory models of Huntington's and other diseases. Professor Lahue and his research group hope to work with these labs to evaluate the effect of HDAC inhibitors on the mutational process.

"Huntington's is a particularly cruel disease, as it is passed from parent to child, often with increased severity or earlier onset," Professor Lahue adds. "With modern genetic testing, people can now establish whether they received the mutant gene from their parent, but then they live a waiting game for the onset of symptoms, which usually appear around the age of 40."

Professor Lahue emphasised that the HDAC inhibitors are still experimental, and that their development to potential drugs is still some way off. "It is very exciting that basic research at National University of Ireland Galway, funded by Science Foundation Ireland, has created a new possibility for helping Huntington's patients and their families."

The findings may also have implications for research into certain other neurological disorders, such as myotonic dystrophy type I, a type of muscular dystrophy caused by the same sort of mutation as seen in Huntington's.

###

Funding: This work was supported by Science Foundation Ireland (SFI; http://www.sfi.ie) grants 06/IN.1/B73 and 10/IN.1/B2973, by an SFI equipment award, and by the Millenium Fund of National University of Ireland, Galway (http://www.nuigalway.ie) (all to R.S.L.); by a postdoctoral fellowship from the Irish Research Council for Science Engineering and Technology (IRCSET, http://www.ircset.ie; to K.D.); and by an IRCSET postgraduate scholarship and by the Thomas Crawford Hayes Fund http://www.nuigalway.ie (both to A.F.). The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript.

Competing interests: The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.

Citation: Debacker K, Frizzell A, Gleeson O, Kirkham-McCarthy L, Mertz T, et al. (2012) Histone Deacetylase Complexes Promote Trinucleotide Repeat Expansions. PLoS Biol 10(2): e1001257. doi:10.1371/journal.pbio.1001257

CONTACT:

Robert Lahue
National University of Ireland, Galway
Centre for Chromosome Biology
Distillery Road
Galway,
IRELAND
353-91-49-5756
Bob.Lahue@nuigalway.ie

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New discovery in fight against Huntington's disease

Coral-eating sea star invaders turn out to be locals

Posted on February 21, 2012 by ev1

One of the greatest biological threats to tropical coral reefs can be a population outbreak of crown-of-thorns (COT) sea stars (Acanthaster planci). Outbreaks can consume live corals over large areas, a change that can promote algal growth, alter reef fish populations, and reduce the aesthetic value of coral reefs, which in turn negatively affects tourism. Despite more than 30 years of research, the triggers and spread of COT outbreaks are not fully understood. Human impacts such as urbanization, runoff, and fishing have been correlated with outbreaks, but some outbreaks continue to occur in the absence of known anthropogenic triggers. Waves of a spreading outbreak that moves southerly along the Great Barrier Reef are termed secondary outbreaks because they are thought to be seeded from dispersing larvae of a primary outbreak upstream.

This secondary outbreak hypothesis has been widely accepted as the mechanism by which COT outbreaks spread across broad regions of the Pacific Ocean and impact remote locations such as Hawai'i, Guam, or French Polynesia - until now. A team of scientists from the Hawai'i Institute of Marine Biology and the Joint Institute for Marine and Atmospheric Research at the University of Hawai'i and Rutgers University have recently used genetic techniques to evaluate the spatial scale at which COT outbreaks can occur via larval dispersal across the central Pacific Ocean. The results of this work have demonstrated that unlike on the Great Barrier Reef, COT larvae are not moving en masse among central Pacific archipelagos. In fact, contrary to expectations under the secondary outbreak hypothesis, all COT outbreaks in the study came from local populations. On a finer scale, genetic differences were detected among reefs around islands and even between lagoon and forereef habitats of the same island, indicating that the larvae of this species are not routinely reaching their full dispersal potential, and are certainly not fueling outbreaks at distant sites. This research has proved that outbreaks are not some rogue population that expands and ravages across central Pacific reefs. Instead, the authors hypothesize that nutrient inputs and favorable climatic and ecological conditions likely fuel outbreaks of local populations.

This work is particularly important because most current management strategies are focused on stopping secondary spread rather than preventing human activities that can start an outbreak. This study is the first genetic survey of COT populations in which both outbreak and non-outbreak populations are surveyed across a broad region of the Pacific and the results are pretty clear that outbreaks are not jumping across large expanses of open ocean. Dr. Rob Toonen, one of the researchers involved in this project, explains "the genetic differences found among COT populations clearly indicate that outbreaks are not spreading from the Hawaiian Archipelago to elsewhere. Furthermore, the similarity between outbreak and non-outbreak COT populations within each archipelago indicates that outbreaks are a local phenomenon. Our recommendation to managers is to seriously consider the role that environmental conditions and local nutrient inputs play in driving COT outbreaks."

More information: The full paper is free online at http://dx.plos.org … one.00311599

Provided by University of Hawaii

Originally posted here:
Coral-eating sea star invaders turn out to be locals

Why biology degrees are still worthwhile

Posted on February 21, 2012 by ev1

As university fees are set to rise to a staggering £9,000 a year, many people fear that out higher education institutions are going to revert to their elitist past. Yet this may not be the case and the rise in fees could actually have a beneficial impact on Britain’s educational system – leading to a decline in degree courses which offer few merits and making worthwhile courses more popular.

One such example of a worthwhile course is the study of a biology degree. Back in 2001 the recognition of this degree’s merits was high with a report in The Independent naming it the “ultimate twenty-first century degree.” Eleven years on and the subject has not fell from favour, with numerous celebrities and public icons holding a degree in this subject. Even celebrities thought to epitomise ‘cool’ are found to have useful degrees such as this with the lead singer of Californian punk-rock band The Offspring holding a masters degree in molecular biology and Friends star Lisa Kudrow holding a bachelors degree in Psychobiology.

Job prospects
Whilst high-profile celebrities may be one recommendation for degrees such as these, they are not the only attractive feature. For those interested in a worthwhile pursuit of education, job prospects are greater and this means any money paid out for fees is a worthy investment.

Major industries and areas of development provide significant job opportunities to graduates and a recent report estimated the average income of Silicon Valley to be in excess of $100,000 (approximately £63,000). Commenting on the situation, one biology major revealed that “there are quite a few bio-tech jobs and bioengineering jobs around” providing a thriving and active environment for biology graduates to enter into.

Enhancing your education
Of course, despite the attainment of such a worthy degree students are still likely to face high levels of competition and rivalry. This means that it is vital that A- Level students begin to think about ways in which they can enhance their education – with knowledge of additional languages often considered a huge benefit by both universities and employers.

With businesses and industries becoming more global, any future career or job is likely to be connected with other areas of the world and that means learning another language to accompany your biology degree could give you the edge needed to succeed in your chosen area.

Preparation is the key
Of course, the pursuit of any subject requires thorough preparation and this is why school children are encouraged to start planning their university courses in advance. To gain entry to a university course such as biology you need to meet the necessary requirements and this is likely to include previous study of the subject.

This makes undertaking biology revision vital for anyone considering this course of action, offering them the guidance and support needed to excel in such a competitive and worthwhile area of study.

A breakthrough in understanding the biology and treatment of ovarian cancer

Posted on February 21, 2012 by ev1

Public release date: 21-Feb-2012
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Contact: Dr. Ian Zagon
isz1@psu.edu
Society for Experimental Biology and Medicine

Researchers at The Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania have discovered that the presence and integrity of the opioid growth factor receptor (OGFr), which mediates the inhibitory action of opioid growth factor (OGF) on cell proliferation, is a key to understanding the progression and treatment of human ovarian cancer. Transplantation of human ovarian cancer cells that were molecularly engineered to have a reduced expression of OGFr, into immunocompromised mice resulted in ovarian tumors that grew rapidly. This discovery, reported in the February 2012 issue of Experimental Biology and Medicine, provides fresh new insights into the pathogenesis and therapy of a lethal cancer that is the fifth leading cause of cancer-related mortality among women in the USA, and has a death rate that is unchanged for over 75 years.

The OGF (also-termed [Met5]-enkephalin)-OGFr axis plays a fundamental role in cancer, development, and cellular renewal by regulating cell proliferation. An important question addressed in this study relates to the requirement of this peptide-receptor system for the progression of carcinogenesis. Human ovarian cancer cell lines that were genetically modified to underexpress OGFr grew far more rapidly in tissue culture than control (empty vector/wildtype) cell lines. Moreover, the addition of OGF to cultures of these genetically modified cells did not respond to the inhibitory peptide and change cell number, indicating that the loss of OGFr interfered with the function of the OGF-OGFr axis with respect to regulating cell proliferation. Immunocompromised mice injected with ovarian cancer cells that had a reduction in OGFr displayed tumors much earlier than controls, and these tumors grew faster than controls. Putting this information together with knowledge that the pathway for OGF-OGFr regulation of cell proliferation in ovarian cancer is by way of increasing the cyclin-dependent inhibitory kinase proteins p16 and p21, we now can understand that minimizing the quantity of OGFr results in an increase in the number of cells entering the G1/S phase of the cell cycle. This has the net effect of increasing the progression of tumorigenic events. These results reveal the critical nature of OGFr in human ovarian cancer, and that the receptor along with its ligand, OGF, is essential for determining the course of these neoplasias.

The research team was comprised of Dr. Ian S. Zagon, Distinguished University Professor, and Dr. Patricia J. McLaughlin, Professor, along with Dr. Renee N. Donahue in the Department of Neural & Behavioral Sciences. Drs. Zagon and McLaughlin discovered that endogenous opioids serve as growth factors, and have been pioneers in translating their findings from the bench to the bedside. Dr. Zagon states that "Over 75% of women are initially diagnosed with advanced ovarian cancer. Despite excellent initial response to cytoreductive surgery and adjuvant chemotherapy, 65% of these patients relapse within two years. However, only palliative care is available for these patients. With evidence from Phase I and II clinical trials as to the success of OGF for the treatment of advanced pancreatic cancer and knowledge presented herein that the OGF-OGFr axis is a critical determinant of the course of ovarian neoplasia, the present study raises the possibility of using this information to modulate the OGF-OGFr pathway with i) exogenous OGF, ii) imiquimod to upregulate OGFr, and/or iii) low dose naltrexone (LDN) to increase OGF and OGFr, as a therapeutic strategy for ovarian carcinoma." Co-author Dr. McLaughlin adds that "A major problem in ovarian cancer is the need for diagnostic markers - both for early diagnosis and to monitor treatment modalities. Since some of the signaling pathways for OGF-OGFr are known (e.g., karyopherin ?, Ran, p16, p21), the components of this system would represent a worthwhile focus in designing diagnostic assays." Dr. Donahue, who conducted the ovarian cancer studies and its relationship to the OGF-OGFr axis for her doctoral dissertation, states that "Ovarian cancers frequently have a methylation of p16 that is associated with an increased progression of ovarian cancer and a loss of OGFr in ovarian tumors. The diminished expression of OGFr and its repercussions on tumorigenesis, only adds to the concern about the need for information concerning genetic and epigenetic changes that may impact the course of disease and its treatment. Our findings also hold potentially ominous overtones for those individuals taking naltrexone for addictive disorders. The dosage used for treatment of addiction blocks opioid receptors continually. The present findings that diminishing the OGF-OGFr axis by depleting the receptor exacerbates tumorigenesis, could place these patients using naltrexone at risk for accelerating disease processes that involve cell proliferation."

Dr. Steven R. Goodman, Editor-in-Chief of Experimental Biology and Medicine, said "This compelling evidence confirms the absolute requirement for OGFr (and OGF) as a tonically active inhibitory regulatory mechanism in ovarian cancer. As a corollary, amplifying the OGF-OGFr pathway is a novel and highly effective biotherapeutic strategy to suppress the progression of these deadly cancers."

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A breakthrough in understanding the biology and treatment of ovarian cancer

Research and Markets: Evolutionary Biology: Cell-Cell Communication, and Complex Disease – An Integrative View of the …

Posted on February 21, 2012 by ev1

DUBLIN--(BUSINESS WIRE)--

Research and Markets (http://www.researchandmarkets.com/research/b93d9c/evolutionary_biolo) has announced the addition of John Wiley and Sons Ltd's new book "Evolutionary Biology: Cell-Cell Communication, and Complex Disease" to their offering.

Evolutionary Biology: Cell-Cell Communication, and Complex Disease - An Integrative View of the Evolution of Genetics and the Natural World

Even in this advanced age of genomics, the evolutionary process of unicellular and multicellular organisms is continually in debate. Evolutionary Biology, Cell-Cell Communication, and Complex Disease challenges current wisdom by using physiology to present an integrative view of the nature, origins, and evolution of fundamental biological systems.

Providing a deeper understanding of the way genes relate to the traits of living organisms, this book offers useful information applying evolutionary biology, functional genomics, and cell communication studies to complex disease. Examining the 4.5 billion-year evolution process from environment adaptations to cell-cell communication to communication of genetic information for reproduction, Evolutionary Biology hones in on the "why and how" of evolution by uniquely focusing on the cell as the smallest unit of biologic structure and function.

Based on empirically derived data rather than association studies, Evolutionary Biology covers:

A model for forming testable hypotheses in complex disease studies The integrating role played by the evolution of metabolism, especially lipid metabolism The evolutionary continuum from development to homeostasis Regeneration and aging mediated by signaling molecules

Key Topics Covered:

1 THE CELLULAR ORIGIN OF VERTEBRATES

2 REDUCING LUNG PHYSIOLOGY TO ITS MOLECULAR PHENOTYPES

3 A CELL-MOLECULAR STRATEGY FOR SOLVING THE EVOLUTIONARY PUZZLE

4 THE EVOLUTION OF CELL-CELL COMMUNICATION

5 HOW TO INTEGRATE CELL-MOLECULAR DEVELOPMENT, HOMEOSTASIS, ECOLOGY, AND EVOLUTIONARY BIOLOGY: THE MISSING LINKS

6 FROM CELL-CELL COMMUNICATION TO THE EVOLUTION OF INTEGRATED PHYSIOLOGY

7 EXPLOITING CELL-CELL COMMUNICATION ACROSS SPACETIME TO DECONSTRUCT EVOLUTION

8 THE PERIODIC TABLE OF BIOLOGY

9 VALUE ADDED BY THINKING IN TERMS OF THE CELL-CELL COMMUNICATION MODEL FOR EVOLUTION

10 CELL-CELL COMMUNICATION AS THE BASIS FOR PRACTICING CLINICAL MEDICINE

Author:

John Torday, PhD, is Professor of Pediatrics and Ob/Gyn at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center where he is also Director of The Henry L. Guenther Laboratory for Cell/Molecular Research and Director of Laboratory for Evolutionary Preventive Medicine.

V.K. Rehan, MD, is Professor of Pediatrics and Director of the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center. The recipient of numerous teaching honors, Dr. Rehan is involved both in treating patients and continuing research on neo and peri-natal respiratory issues and lung development.

For more information visit http://www.researchandmarkets.com/research/b93d9c/evolutionary_biolo

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Research and Markets: Evolutionary Biology: Cell-Cell Communication, and Complex Disease - An Integrative View of the ...

Political science professor chosen to give OSU's Winter Commencement address

Posted on February 21, 2012 by ev1

Richard Herrmann has been chosen to speak at Ohio State's Winter Quarter Commencement on March 18, at 2 p.m. at the Schottenstein Center.

Herrmann, social and behavioral sciences distinguished professor and chair of OSU's Department of Political Science, has been a member of OSU'S political science faculty since 1981.

He earned a bachelor's degree in political science from Miami University in 1974. He earned his doctorate from the University of Pittsburgh in 1981.

Herrmann has won many different awards, including the 2009-10 Arts and Sciences Student Council Outstanding Teaching Award and the university's Faculty Award for Distinguished University Service in 2008.

In addition to various honors, Herrmann has written and edited three books and more than 40 articles in journals including American Political Science Review, International Organization, International Security and World Politics.

During Winter Commencement, Keith Moore will be awarded the honorary Doctor of Science, according to a press release. Also Randall Ripley, professor emeritus in the Department of Political Science and former dean of the College of Social and Behavioral Science, and Elizabeth Watters, magistrate with the Franklin County Court of Common Pleas and two time OSU graduate, will be awarded Distinguished Service Awards.

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Political science professor chosen to give OSU's Winter Commencement address

Crowd Science Releases "Orange Paper" on Digital Publishing

Posted on February 21, 2012 by ev1

Latest Trends in Audience Segmentation

Why publishers need more than "cookie cutter" research

NEW YORK, Feb. 21, 2012 /PRNewswire/ -- Crowd Science (www.crowdscience.com) has completed new research on consumer branding, identifying potential audience and targeting buyers for advertisers. Crowd Science is the creator of CITRUS™, and is thus calling the primer on digital publishing an "Orange Paper." Tomorrow, at the AlwaysOn conference, CEO Corey Leibow will present key features of the CITRUS platform at 10 a.m.

Consumer Intent: Traditional Behavioral Targeting and click measurement is ineffective. Eight percent of users on the Internet account for 80% of all ad clicks. Contextual Targeting: Such as how Amazon engages shoppers, uses cookies to create powerful data-mining engines to track consumers. Retargeting: Gathering individual browsing habits from site visitors and then using the ubiquity of ad networks to 'follow' those visitors virtually wherever they go online. Audience Segmentation: Direct engagement with visitors provides publishers the freedom to find out anything about a user.

"The advancements in the demand side eco-system have driven publishers' CPM's lower," says Leibow. "Media buyers and advertisers believe they can find a similar audience on the open market for far less, and bypass the publisher's higher priced ad inventory entirely by purchasing 'third party' data or remnant and run-of-site space for pennies on the dollar."

Crowd Science has shown it can further pinpoint a larger group of targeted consumers by employing strategic surveys and machine-learned publisher data. The CITRUS platform affords "first party" data gleaned from the publisher's own readership. The information is extrapolated across a much more extensive audience-set to better focus on consumers that are more likely to be moved into the highly valued brand consideration segment where they are more likely to act.

Crowd Science researchers are pioneers in identifying consumers beyond using the cookie mining technology that has raised privacy concerns for the consumer. It does not collect personally identifiable information. Thus Crowd Science "calls out its competition" to better understand audience.

"Publishers need audience segmentation now to understand buyer motivations," says John Martin, Crowd Science co-founder. "Crowd Science is leading the way in providing accurate and relevant information to the publishing sector, opening the door for publishers to take back control of the advertising / marketing of their brand rather than watching on the sidelines as ad agencies control the revenue."

Martin said: "On-line publishers are facing a dilemma, experiencing declining CPM's and a lack of new sources of revenue. They have little control over their audience assets and less knowledge about who [the visitors] they are reaching. It becomes more difficult to maximize their ad dollars over time, which Crowd Science has remedied," he added.

OnMedia, the organizer of the AlwaysOn conference, has recognized Crowd Science as a "2012 Company to Watch."

Publishing Executive magazine recently noted: "Crowd Science helps online publishers solve the Data Catch-22."

Contact:
Mike Smith, Michael Smith Business Development
PR Representative for Crowd Science, San Jose, Calif. and New York
mike@msbdinc.com
703-623-3834

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Crowd Science Releases "Orange Paper" on Digital Publishing

Nu Skin Concludes Banner Year for Its ageLOC® Anti-Aging Research

Posted on February 21, 2012 by ev1

PROVO, Utah, Feb. 21, 2012 /PRNewswire/ -- Nu Skin Enterprises Inc., (NYSE: NUS - News) today announced the conclusion of another banner year for its ageLOC® research. Nu Skin accelerated its anti-aging research in 2011 with more than 30 scientific presentations, posters and articles at various prestigious conferences and symposia around the world. Additionally, the company made further strides with the acquisition of LifeGen Technologies and its genetic database that is based on more than 30 years of anti-aging genetic research.

"2011 was a breakthrough year for us as we continued our ground-breaking ageLOC anti-aging genetic research that is opening new doors of understanding to the genetic source of aging and helping more people to live younger, longer," said Joe Chang, Ph.D., Nu Skin chief scientific officer. "As we have presented our research around the world, we have been pleased with the favorable response we have received from the scientific community. Looking to 2012, we believe that the best is yet to come for ageLOC science."

The company's 2011 scientific presentations focused on its ageLOC science that enables Nu Skin to identify unique groups of genes specific to aging (referred to as Youth Gene Clusters or YGC) that influence aging and then target and reset them to more youthful patterns of activity. This latest scientific research has been incorporated into Nu Skin's latest product releases including ageLOC® R2 (R-squared) and ageLOC® Galvanic Body Spa™.

2011 Scientific Highlights Include:

Acquisition of LifeGen Technologies, LLC

With the acquisition of LifeGen Technologies, Nu Skin now owns what it believes is one of the largest anti-aging databases in the world and has unrestricted access to LifeGen's scientific data and findings developed over 30 years. Nu Skin is accelerating its anti-aging genetic research that continues to open doors of new understanding and is providing additional insights for product development. Already the company has felt the positive impact of this database as it incorporates these new insights into products under development for 2013, including solutions for weight management and overall youthspan.

ageLOC Research on Internal Aging

Mark Barlett, Ph.D., vice president of global research and development for Pharmanex nutrition products at Nu Skin, led his team to present several key findings at internationally recognized conferences. Highlights included being an invited speaker at the Second International Conference on Environmental Stressors in Biology and Medicine. Nu Skin presented findings on several topics at the conference including "A Unique Nutritional Formulation to Promote Cellular Protection and Purification Via Induction Of the Nrf2-mediated ARE/Phase II Detoxification Pathways" and "A Unique Blend of Natural Compounds With the Ability to Oppose Age-Related Changes in Gene Expression Related to Dysregulation of Removal of Cellular Debris, Cellular Detoxification, Antioxidant Protection and Inflammatory Balance."

In addition, Pharmanex nutrition scientists also presented at the Linus Pauling Institute Diet and Optimum Health Conference on "A Systematic Approach to Evaluate and Rank Natural Ingredients Based on Their Ability to Oppose Age-Related Changes in Gene Expression."

ageLOC Research on the Skin

Led by Helen Knaggs, Ph.D., vice president of global research and development for Nu Skin personal care products, the Nu Skin research and development team had several notable finding presented and published in 2011. An oral presentation shared at the 4th International Conference and Exhibition for Nutraceuticals and Functional Foods (Nov 2011) showed the effects of equol on human skin gene expression and protein synthesis. In addition, several scientific articles were published including one in the Dermatological Surgery (Dec. 2011), regarding an exploratory study to determine the association between assessed facial skin aging and plasma isoprostane levels in middle-aged Japanese women, and in the International Journal of Cosmetic Science (Feb. 2011) showing how functional YGCs can be regulated to reflect a more youthful gene expression profile.

New Patents for ageLOC® Galvanic Body Spa™

Throughout the development of ageLOC science, a number of patents have been licensed or filed to further protect the proprietary information and technology Nu Skin utilizes to develop ageLOC branded products. Nu Skin's recently launched ageLOC® Galvanic Body Spa™ system uses patented self-adjusting galvanic currents with patent-pending pulsating technology to diminish the appearance of fat and cellulite to provide a slimmer, smoother, firmer appearance on the arms, abdomen, buttocks and thighs.

Additional information on ageLOC Science can be found at http://www.ageloc.com.

About Nu Skin Enterprises, Inc.

Nu Skin Enterprises, Inc. demonstrates its tradition of innovation through its comprehensive anti-aging product portfolio, independent business opportunity and corporate social responsibility initiatives. The company's scientific leadership in both skin care and nutrition has established Nu Skin as a premier anti-aging company, evidenced in its unique ageLOC® science that addresses aging at its source. The company's anti-aging products feature the new ageLOC ® suite of products including the ageLOC® R2 (R-squared) nutritional supplement, ageLOC® Galvanic Spa System and ageLOC Galvanic Body Spa™, as well as the ageLOC® Transformation daily skin care system. A global direct selling company, Nu Skin operates in 52 markets worldwide and has more than 850,000 independent distributors. Nu Skin is traded on the New York Stock Exchange under the symbol "NUS." More information is available at http://www.nuskin.com.

Please note: This press release contains forward-looking statements within the meaning of Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 that represent the company's current expectations and beliefs regarding the company's research and development efforts and the company's other plans and strategies. These forward-looking statements are based on current information and expectations, and are subject to risks and uncertainties discussed in company filings with the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission, which could cause the company's actual results to differ materially from expected results. The company undertakes no obligation to publicly update any forward-looking statement contained in this press release, whether as a result of new information, future developments or otherwise, except as may be required by law.

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Nu Skin Concludes Banner Year for Its ageLOC® Anti-Aging Research

Find-A-Code and Primal Pictures Partner to Provide Anatomy Training Tools to Medical Coders Preparing for ICD-10

Posted on February 21, 2012 by ev1

Primal Pictures and Find-A-Code have joined forces to offer medical coders integrated access to 3D anatomy software that will help coders prepare for new government-mandated ICD-10 medical coding requirements.

Las Vegas, NV (PRWEB) February 21, 2012

Primal Pictures and Find-A-Code have launched a strategic relationship to offer medical coders integrated access to 3D anatomy & physiology software that will help coders prepare for new government-mandated ICD-10 medical coding requirements.

Customers who already rely on Find-A-Code for medical billing code information will be offered integrated access to Primal’s Anatomy & Physiology Online, a learning tool that provides virtual access to every element of the human anatomy, using detailed 3D models created from real medical scan data. Primal’s 3D anatomy views can be peeled away, rotated and labelled. The product also includes narrated animations of physiology, learning objectives, self-testing, and pronunciation guides.

“To comply with ICD-10, coders need to take a quantum leap in their knowledge and understanding of complex human anatomy,” said LaMont Leavitt, CEO of Find-A-Code. “By integrating Anatomy & Physiology Online with our coding database tools, we can help coders virtually explore the detailed human anatomy that will be so critical to understanding and applying thousands of new diagnosis and procedure codes.”

To continue receiving both public and private insurance reimbursement for patient treatment, every U.S. healthcare provider must comply with the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services new ICD-10 coding requirements by October 20, 2013. The new requirements expand the number of medical diagnosis codes from 14,000 to 68,000, and the number of procedure codes from 4,000 to 87,000.

“Medical coders already use Find-A-Code to get answers to complex problems,” said Neal Alen, Vice President of Sales for Primal Pictures. “As the complexity of medical billing increases ten-fold, we are pleased to work with Find-A-Code to provide virtual tools that can increase coder’s knowledge of human anatomy.”

The more detailed ICD-10 codes are expected to allow better analysis of disease and treatment that will lead to better healthcare and speed up the payment process. While the compliance deadline for transitioning to ICD-10 is 18 months away, the complex conversion process of software, tools and training is expected to take most health providers more than a full year.

ABOUT FIND-A-CODE

Find-A-Code provides a comprehensive single search database of billing codes and related information that provides thousands of medical coders a simple, search-engine-like system to access medical billing codes. Find-A-Code’s integrated tools assist medical coders in their efforts to accurately determine proper codes for documenting medical diagnosis and procedures for claim forms, documentation, and notes. Please visit FindACode.com for more information or to subscribe.

ABOUT PRIMAL PICTURES

Primal Pictures offers the most complete, detailed and medically-accurate 3D model of human anatomy for students, educators and health care practitioners. Primal Pictures’ 3D anatomy software is widely adopted in education and it is used for patient, practitioner and student education in over 20 countries. In 2011, over half a million students will learn anatomy using Primal software. Anatomy & Physiology Online recently won the British Medical Association’s annual prize for the best digital resource.

###

Connie Hofmann
Primal Pictures
(215) 219-2943
Email Information

Anatomy of the perfect website: infographic

Posted on February 21, 2012 by ev1

Posted 21 February 2012 16:02pm by Heather Taylor with 0 comments

It's getting easier and easier for non-designers to make basic websites. In seconds you can have your own site in Tumblr, WordPress, or Posterous (to name a few) but have you considered how users will experience your site and what they want to see?

According to a new infographic by ROI Media, only 4.13% of websites have valid HTML and CSS. The bigger worry is only 40% of users say they can find the information they need on sites. This could be the fault of the users themselves but more likely it's due to poor design.

Have a look at your company website. Do you have all the elements you need for a perfect website? Do you agree with this anatomical chart?

Heather Taylor is the Editorial Director for Econsultancy US. You can follow her on Twitter, Google+ or Pinterest.

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Anatomy of the perfect website: infographic

Adult Stem Cell Treatments for COPD -Real patient results, USA Stem Cells- Donald W. Testimonial – Video

Posted on February 21, 2012 by ev1

20-12-2011 09:01 If you would like more information please call us Toll Free at 877-578-7908. Or visit our website at http://www.usastemcells.com Or click here to have a Free Phone Constultation with Dr. Matthew Burks usastemcells.com Real patient testimonials for USA Stem Cells. Adult stem cell therapy for COPD, Emphysema, and Pulmonary fibrosis.

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Adult Stem Cell Treatments for COPD -Real patient results, USA Stem Cells- Donald W. Testimonial - Video

The Igwe Family – Adult Stem Cell Therapy for Sickle Cell Disease – Video

Posted on February 21, 2012 by ev1

15-02-2012 13:27 Hear from the family of a teenager who no longer suffers from sickle cell disease after receiving a stem cell transplant in a clinical trial NSCF funds. NSCF funds clinical trials to: • Induce drug-free tolerance for transplanted kidneys • Effectively cure inherited red blood cell disorders like sickle cell disease (SCD) and thalassemia •Permanently correct fatal childhood enzyme deficiencies For more information visit nationalstemcellfoundation.org.

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The Igwe Family - Adult Stem Cell Therapy for Sickle Cell Disease - Video

Mr. Fords Anatomy Physiology: 07:05 Cranial Bone pt 2 – Video

Posted on February 21, 2012 by ev1

12-12-2009 10:45 The skull is made of two components: the cranial bones and the facial bones. This video is part 2 of 2 that looks at the cranial bones of the human skull. For the rest of the skeletal system please visit us at http://www.mrfordsclass.net

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Mr. Fords Anatomy Physiology: 07:05 Cranial Bone pt 2 - Video

Pathology – Code Injection – Video

Posted on February 21, 2012 by ev1

28-02-2011 18:09 Matti Way - Vocals Tim Tiszczenko - Guitar Oscar Ramirez - Bass Dave Astor - Drums ***************************** Infected by will saliva will secrete DNA strands complete Living cells evolve and mutate Brain neurons regenerate A war of consciousness A war of our minds Accounts of the elders Guards of forbidden knowledge An ancient race will rise Reality is only what we perceive Operation majority directs all technology Collected to advance through the stars Code Injection The Jason Society 32 strong Designate lies and deception of truth and control Code inject - Code inject - Code inject - Code inject Sigma is responsible with communications With the beyond... Infected by will control is complete DNA strands - Maji Dead cells evolve and mutate Brain experiment delete A war of consciousness A war on our minds

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Pathology - Code Injection - Video

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