Superbug’s Weak Spot Could Be Its Protein Factory

Featured Article Academic Journal Main Category: MRSA / Drug Resistance Also Included In: Infectious Diseases / Bacteria / Viruses;Biology / Biochemistry Article Date: 28 Feb 2013 - 0:00 PST

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Biologists Gloria Culver and Keith Connolly came to this conclusion while studying bacterial ribosomes at the University of Rochester in New York. (Connolly has since moved to Harvard Medical School in Boston). They write about their findings in the March print issue of Molecular Microbiology.

For their study, Culver and Connolly thought they might spot a weakness, an "Achilles heel", by examining the internal workings of a particularly nasty superbug, E. coli.

E. coli is normally found in the gut, where it lives quite harmlessly in the abudant garden of intestinal flora. But some strains, if they get into the bloodstream can cause food poisoning, and if they happen to be ones that are also difficult to treat, the infection becomes very serious and potentially life-threatening.

Culver says in a statement that they decided to study ribosomes because "cells and organisms can't live if they don't make proteins, and they can't make proteins if their ribosomes aren't functioning properly".

When they looked at ribosomes in E. coli, Culver and Connolly noticed that two proteins already present in the bacterium's cell, RbfA and KsgA, have to be in balance with each other, or the ribosome machinery won't function.

If there is an imbalance in the two proteins with respect to each other, the ribosomes don't mature properly, to the extent that they can't make proteins, and eventually the cells die.

Culver explains that a healthy ribosome has two compartments that must come together, but only when each one is mature.

Too much RbfA speeds this process up, and can result in an ineffective structure. KsgA binds with the smaller of the two compartments, holding back their union until both parts are ready.

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Superbug's Weak Spot Could Be Its Protein Factory

Biochemistry Online Help with Educator.com

Educator.com announces new online Biochemistry course with Raffi Hovasapian. This course is in addition to 60+ subjects already available for high school, college, test prep, and professional subjects.

Los Angeles, CA (PRWEB) February 28, 2013

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Novak has been a force on and off the court for Dragons

MOORHEAD Senior center Alex Novak is a biochemistry major who carries a 3.85 grade-point average and starts for the Minnesota State Moorhead mens basketball team.

The 6-foot-9 Novak also does cancer cell research in his spare time.

He has a built-in drive to do well at whatever he does, said Dragons head coach Chad Walthall. I think hes really a leader in everything he does.

Novak has developed into a force on the court and in the classroom at MSUM.

He was recently named to the Capitol One Academic All-America Division II first team.

Novak is the programs career leader in blocked shots (220) and rebounds (1,028). He is the second player in program history to reach 1,000 points (1,186) and 1,000 rebounds in a career.

Novak is averaging 13.1 points, 9.4 rebounds and 1.7 blocks per game in his final season with MSUM, which hosts Southwest Minnesota State at 8 tonight in the first round of the Northern Sun Intercollegiate Conference tournament.

Im proud Ive been able to balance basketball and academics fairly well, Novak said. Im not the best player and Im not the best student but I have reached my goals for the most part.

Novak has been doing cancer cell research since the beginning of his junior year. Its an extracurricular activity for Novak, who is already balancing the demands of being a full-time student and athlete.

Im not at home very often, said Novak, who is from Oxford, Iowa. I feel like Im at the gym or Im in class or Im in the lab.

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Close Your Eyes And Imagine A Protein. See Anything? A Housefly, Maybe?

Courtesy of Maja Klevanski

Pay no attention to this housefly. We'll get to it later, but first, how about a "Do You Recognize This?" quiz.

If I say "DNA," what do you see? Well, instantly, you see one of these:

But what if I say "protein"? What comes to mind? Anything?

Well, for many people, "protein" is what you find on a plate ...

But if you are summoning up a science-y image, what would it be? You know proteins are small, microscopically small. You may not know how important they are, but they are very. They make all living things grow, repair, operate. Deep down, in your cells, they are the workers that move things around, that build, destroy, copy, attach, react they are absolutely essential, and yet if you put one on the cover of Time Magazine, most people would say, "What's that?"

What's That?

They have no "face," no image that ordinary people recognize. But as they become more newsy Alzheimer's, Parkinson's, type-2 diabetes are all caused by defective proteins you will be seeing them on front pages, TV, magazine covers. Proteins are about to get much more famous.

Which raises the question: What should they look like?

In real life, they are large, very complicated molecules. Science reporters (and scientists too) need an edited, media-friendly version that will give the public a sense of what proteins do.

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Biochemistry: Thermodynamics, Free Energy and Equilibrium – Video


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