Mucuna Formulation No.25813 for Parkinson #39;s Disease: Pankaj Oudhia #39;s Medicinal Plant Database
Mucuna pruriens (L.) DC. Formulations for Parkinson #39;s disease from Pankaj Oudhia #39;s Medicinal Plant Database: Septenary Ingredients Important Septenary Ingredients of Mucuna pruriens (Wild Collection) based Traditional Herbal Formulations used for treatment of Parkinson #39;s disease. In Indian Traditional Healing thousands of Mucuna based Traditional Herbal Formulations are used for treatment of Parkinson #39;s disease. Most of these Herbal Formulations are still waiting for documentation. Pankaj Oudhia has collected information about +40000 promising Formulations during his Ethnobotanical surveys during 1990-2012. Present series is a part of the documentation work. - This video is a part of Compilation of Pankaj Oudhia #39;s Research Works at Indira Gandhi Agricultural University, Raipur, India (1990-2001), - This video is a part of Pankaj Oudhia #39;s report on Indo-African Traditional Healing and Forgotten Herbal Formulations. - This video is a part of Pankaj Oudhia #39;s report on Endangered Species of India. - This video is a part of Pankaj Oudhia #39;s report on Forgotten Herbal Formulations of the World with special reference to Asia. - This video is a part of Pankaj Oudhia #39;s report on North American and European Medicinal Species in Traditional Healing of Asia. - This video is a part of Pankaj Oudhia #39;s series on Forgotten Traditional Formulations for Parkinson #39;s disease. - This video is a part of Pankaj Oudhia #39;s report on Mucuna species in Indian Traditional Healing. - This video is a ...From:Pankaj OudhiaViews:0 0ratingsTime:00:14More inScience Technology

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Mucuna Formulation No.25813 for Parkinson's Disease: Pankaj Oudhia's Medicinal Plant Database - Video

Mucuna Formulation No.25813 for Parkinson #39;s Disease: Pankaj Oudhia #39;s Medicinal Plant Database
Mucuna pruriens (L.) DC. Formulations for Parkinson #39;s disease from Pankaj Oudhia #39;s Medicinal Plant Database: Septenary Ingredients Important Septenary Ingredients of Mucuna pruriens (Wild Collection) based Traditional Herbal Formulations used for treatment of Parkinson #39;s disease. In Indian Traditional Healing thousands of Mucuna based Traditional Herbal Formulations are used for treatment of Parkinson #39;s disease. Most of these Herbal Formulations are still waiting for documentation. Pankaj Oudhia has collected information about +40000 promising Formulations during his Ethnobotanical surveys during 1990-2012. Present series is a part of the documentation work. - This video is a part of Compilation of Pankaj Oudhia #39;s Research Works at Indira Gandhi Agricultural University, Raipur, India (1990-2001), - This video is a part of Pankaj Oudhia #39;s report on Indo-African Traditional Healing and Forgotten Herbal Formulations. - This video is a part of Pankaj Oudhia #39;s report on Endangered Species of India. - This video is a part of Pankaj Oudhia #39;s report on Forgotten Herbal Formulations of the World with special reference to Asia. - This video is a part of Pankaj Oudhia #39;s report on North American and European Medicinal Species in Traditional Healing of Asia. - This video is a part of Pankaj Oudhia #39;s series on Forgotten Traditional Formulations for Parkinson #39;s disease. - This video is a part of Pankaj Oudhia #39;s report on Mucuna species in Indian Traditional Healing. - This video is a ...From:Pankaj OudhiaViews:0 0ratingsTime:00:14More inScience Technology

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Mucuna Formulation No.25813 for Parkinson's Disease: Pankaj Oudhia's Medicinal Plant Database - Video

Mucuna Formulation No.25818 for Parkinson #39;s Disease: Pankaj Oudhia #39;s Medicinal Plant Database
Mucuna pruriens (L.) DC. Formulations for Parkinson #39;s disease from Pankaj Oudhia #39;s Medicinal Plant Database: Septenary Ingredients Important Septenary Ingredients of Mucuna pruriens (Wild Collection) based Traditional Herbal Formulations used for treatment of Parkinson #39;s disease. In Indian Traditional Healing thousands of Mucuna based Traditional Herbal Formulations are used for treatment of Parkinson #39;s disease. Most of these Herbal Formulations are still waiting for documentation. Pankaj Oudhia has collected information about +40000 promising Formulations during his Ethnobotanical surveys during 1990-2012. Present series is a part of the documentation work. - This video is a part of Compilation of Pankaj Oudhia #39;s Research Works at Indira Gandhi Agricultural University, Raipur, India (1990-2001), - This video is a part of Pankaj Oudhia #39;s report on Indo-African Traditional Healing and Forgotten Herbal Formulations. - This video is a part of Pankaj Oudhia #39;s report on Endangered Species of India. - This video is a part of Pankaj Oudhia #39;s report on Forgotten Herbal Formulations of the World with special reference to Asia. - This video is a part of Pankaj Oudhia #39;s report on North American and European Medicinal Species in Traditional Healing of Asia. - This video is a part of Pankaj Oudhia #39;s series on Forgotten Traditional Formulations for Parkinson #39;s disease. - This video is a part of Pankaj Oudhia #39;s report on Mucuna species in Indian Traditional Healing. - This video is a ...From:Pankaj OudhiaViews:0 0ratingsTime:00:19More inScience Technology

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Mucuna Formulation No.25818 for Parkinson's Disease: Pankaj Oudhia's Medicinal Plant Database - Video

Mucuna Formulation No.25818 for Parkinson #39;s Disease: Pankaj Oudhia #39;s Medicinal Plant Database
Mucuna pruriens (L.) DC. Formulations for Parkinson #39;s disease from Pankaj Oudhia #39;s Medicinal Plant Database: Septenary Ingredients Important Septenary Ingredients of Mucuna pruriens (Wild Collection) based Traditional Herbal Formulations used for treatment of Parkinson #39;s disease. In Indian Traditional Healing thousands of Mucuna based Traditional Herbal Formulations are used for treatment of Parkinson #39;s disease. Most of these Herbal Formulations are still waiting for documentation. Pankaj Oudhia has collected information about +40000 promising Formulations during his Ethnobotanical surveys during 1990-2012. Present series is a part of the documentation work. - This video is a part of Compilation of Pankaj Oudhia #39;s Research Works at Indira Gandhi Agricultural University, Raipur, India (1990-2001), - This video is a part of Pankaj Oudhia #39;s report on Indo-African Traditional Healing and Forgotten Herbal Formulations. - This video is a part of Pankaj Oudhia #39;s report on Endangered Species of India. - This video is a part of Pankaj Oudhia #39;s report on Forgotten Herbal Formulations of the World with special reference to Asia. - This video is a part of Pankaj Oudhia #39;s report on North American and European Medicinal Species in Traditional Healing of Asia. - This video is a part of Pankaj Oudhia #39;s series on Forgotten Traditional Formulations for Parkinson #39;s disease. - This video is a part of Pankaj Oudhia #39;s report on Mucuna species in Indian Traditional Healing. - This video is a ...From:Pankaj OudhiaViews:0 0ratingsTime:00:19More inScience Technology

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Mucuna Formulation No.25818 for Parkinson's Disease: Pankaj Oudhia's Medicinal Plant Database - Video

Rytary (IPX066): A New Medication for Parkinson #39;s disease, Robert A. Hauser, MD
In this interview, Robert A. Hauser, MD, director of the University of South Florida Byrd Parkinson #39;s Disease and Movement Disorders Center reviews current information on Rytary (IPX066), a new, investigational, extended release formulation of carbidopa/levodopa. To read an article on Rytary (IPX066) click here: http://www.scribd.comFrom:Robert HauserViews:22 0ratingsTime:05:49More inEducation

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Rytary (IPX066): A New Medication for Parkinson's disease, Robert A. Hauser, MD - Video

Rytary (IPX066): A New Medication for Parkinson #39;s disease, Robert A. Hauser, MD
In this interview, Robert A. Hauser, MD, director of the University of South Florida Byrd Parkinson #39;s Disease and Movement Disorders Center reviews current information on Rytary (IPX066), a new, investigational, extended release formulation of carbidopa/levodopa. To read an article on Rytary (IPX066) click here: http://www.scribd.comFrom:Robert HauserViews:22 0ratingsTime:05:49More inEducation

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Rytary (IPX066): A New Medication for Parkinson's disease, Robert A. Hauser, MD - Video

Mucuna Formulation No.25831 for Parkinson #39;s Disease: Pankaj Oudhia #39;s Medicinal Plant Database
Mucuna pruriens (L.) DC. Formulations for Parkinson #39;s disease from Pankaj Oudhia #39;s Medicinal Plant Database: Septenary Ingredients Important Septenary Ingredients of Mucuna pruriens (Wild Collection) based Traditional Herbal Formulations used for treatment of Parkinson #39;s disease. In Indian Traditional Healing thousands of Mucuna based Traditional Herbal Formulations are used for treatment of Parkinson #39;s disease. Most of these Herbal Formulations are still waiting for documentation. Pankaj Oudhia has collected information about +40000 promising Formulations during his Ethnobotanical surveys during 1990-2012. Present series is a part of the documentation work. - This video is a part of Compilation of Pankaj Oudhia #39;s Research Works at Indira Gandhi Agricultural University, Raipur, India (1990-2001), - This video is a part of Pankaj Oudhia #39;s report on Indo-African Traditional Healing and Forgotten Herbal Formulations. - This video is a part of Pankaj Oudhia #39;s report on Endangered Species of India. - This video is a part of Pankaj Oudhia #39;s report on Forgotten Herbal Formulations of the World with special reference to Asia. - This video is a part of Pankaj Oudhia #39;s report on North American and European Medicinal Species in Traditional Healing of Asia. - This video is a part of Pankaj Oudhia #39;s series on Forgotten Traditional Formulations for Parkinson #39;s disease. - This video is a part of Pankaj Oudhia #39;s report on Mucuna species in Indian Traditional Healing. - This video is a ...From:Pankaj OudhiaViews:0 0ratingsTime:00:13More inScience Technology

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Mucuna Formulation No.25831 for Parkinson's Disease: Pankaj Oudhia's Medicinal Plant Database - Video

Mucuna Formulation No.25831 for Parkinson #39;s Disease: Pankaj Oudhia #39;s Medicinal Plant Database
Mucuna pruriens (L.) DC. Formulations for Parkinson #39;s disease from Pankaj Oudhia #39;s Medicinal Plant Database: Septenary Ingredients Important Septenary Ingredients of Mucuna pruriens (Wild Collection) based Traditional Herbal Formulations used for treatment of Parkinson #39;s disease. In Indian Traditional Healing thousands of Mucuna based Traditional Herbal Formulations are used for treatment of Parkinson #39;s disease. Most of these Herbal Formulations are still waiting for documentation. Pankaj Oudhia has collected information about +40000 promising Formulations during his Ethnobotanical surveys during 1990-2012. Present series is a part of the documentation work. - This video is a part of Compilation of Pankaj Oudhia #39;s Research Works at Indira Gandhi Agricultural University, Raipur, India (1990-2001), - This video is a part of Pankaj Oudhia #39;s report on Indo-African Traditional Healing and Forgotten Herbal Formulations. - This video is a part of Pankaj Oudhia #39;s report on Endangered Species of India. - This video is a part of Pankaj Oudhia #39;s report on Forgotten Herbal Formulations of the World with special reference to Asia. - This video is a part of Pankaj Oudhia #39;s report on North American and European Medicinal Species in Traditional Healing of Asia. - This video is a part of Pankaj Oudhia #39;s series on Forgotten Traditional Formulations for Parkinson #39;s disease. - This video is a part of Pankaj Oudhia #39;s report on Mucuna species in Indian Traditional Healing. - This video is a ...From:Pankaj OudhiaViews:0 0ratingsTime:00:13More inScience Technology

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Mucuna Formulation No.25831 for Parkinson's Disease: Pankaj Oudhia's Medicinal Plant Database - Video

Cognitive-Communication Treatments Parkinson #39;s Disease | Aimee Mooney, MS, CCC-SLP
Parkinson #39;s Disease is a chronic and progressive neurodegenerative disease that affects1.5 million people with an additional 60000 new diagnoses made annually. Over 85% of the diagnoses are made in individuals over age 50. With the Baby Boomers increasing in age, Speech and Language Pathologists need to be ready to treat this population. The presentation of the disease is individualized and multifaceted, including both motor and non-motor symptoms. It is unpredictable and complex, with progression leading to increased disability. Parkinson #39;s Disease moves through Stages and has impact on cognition, communication, voice and swallow function. This course will provide you with a foundational understanding of the etiology of PD an it #39;s subsequent effect on function. It will introduce the tools you need to address each of thes above domains during the stage progression. You will have up-to-date information on the best evaluation and assessment tools for this population. You will learn about recent, evidence-based treatments for cognition and voice. You will develop confidence in understanding the role of the SLP in leading coordinated team treatment of patients with Parkinsons and Parkinsons #39; + Syndromes. Watch the full presentation at http://www.videoce.tvFrom:ahcEducationViews:0 0ratingsTime:04:36More inEducation

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Cognitive-Communication Treatments

--Moving Day, A Walk for Parkinson's, to benefit the Parkinson Foundation of the National Capital Area and the National Parkinson Foundation--

WASHINGTON, Oct. 29, 2012 /PRNewswire-USNewswire/ --The National Parkinson Foundation (NPF) in partnership with Parkinson Foundation of the National Capital Area (PFNCA) is holding Moving Day, a fundraising walk for Parkinson's disease (PD) in Washington, D.C. Moving Day will be held at Nationals Park on Sunday, November 4th with gates opening at 8:30 AM. The money the local community raises through Moving Day will help improve the lives of Parkinson's patients and families affected by the disease in the greater D.C. area.

Each walk will feature a "Movement Pavilion," with activities such as yoga, Pilates, Tai Chi, dance and much more. Studies show that movement is beneficial and proven to help manage the symptoms of PD, improving flexibility and mobility. The aim is to encourage people to stay active and move for better health.

Katie Couric joined Moving Day last year as honorary national chair to help spread awareness about the disease and promote NPF's goal of generating funds to support needed research for PD. Couric watched her father battle PD for years. "I am proud to be a part of this mission and in doing so, honor my wonderful father, who was a true profile in courage as he soldiered on every day to remain an active and vibrant part of the family he so loved," said Couric.

People who take part in Moving Day become part of a nationwide movement to beat Parkinson's by supporting education and outreach, cutting-edge research aimed at better treatment and care, advancement of clinical care through healthcare professional training and raising general awareness about the disease.

Almost everyone is touched by Parkinson's in one way or another with an estimated 1 million people in the United States living with the disease. To learn more about Moving Day Washington, D.C. and how you, your family and friends can get involved, please visit http://www.movingdaydc.org.

About Parkinson's DiseaseParkinson's disease is a neurodegenerative brain disorder that progresses slowly in most people with PD. When 60 to 80 percent of the dopamine-producing cells in the brain are damaged, and do not produce enough dopamine, the motor symptoms of Parkinson's disease appear. In the United States, 50-60,000 new cases are diagnosed each year, adding to the 1 million people who have Parkinson's disease. It is estimated that 4 to 6 million people around the world have Parkinson's.

About The National Parkinson Foundation (NPF)Founded in 1957, NPF's mission is to improve the quality of care for people with Parkinson's disease. NPF has funded more than $164 million in care, research and support services. For more information about NPF and the Moving Day event, please visit http://www.parkinson.org or call toll-free 1-800-4PD-INFO (473-4636).

About Parkinson Foundation of the National Capital Area (PFNCA)PFNCA is the largest local provider of support, education and exercise programs for Parkinson's patients and their loved ones. Exercise, Dance, Yoga, Pilates, Choir and Aerobics classes are available every week and there is no charge for Parkinson's community members to participate. Connect with us by calling 703-734-1017 or visit http://www.parkinsonfoundation.org.

Contact: Lou Nistler Executive Director Parkinson Foundation of the National Capital Area lnistler@parkinsonfoundation.org 703-734-1017

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It's Time for Washington, D.C. To Get "Moving" For Parkinson's Disease

Slayer
A quick slip of the tongue can get it snipped, talk fast or let the gun unleash its whip as if you were living in alternate history well-equipped, vampires slaying rubber rounds on your whip with the simple tip of their fangs now you can #39;t drive away. Mansion lurks behind you go inside an elevator, taking you through its spine to the tune of Yamashita on the keys of the organ chimes as a Skeleton Ape wants to harvest yours, proclaiming "they #39;re mine!" by throwing barrels of rotten goods upon the floor, a pon de replay of this would be unimaginably horrific full, but the gold collected makes this trip a bit less of a sore. No reason to have it, but the color makes you feel lavish in a place filled with strange beings with bad habits. Constantly twitching like you had Parkinson #39;s disease, to react quickly and avoid being sliced by these armored fleas. You think nature #39;s bad, wait til you see the axes these creatures have, as they go from x, y, to z in your face inside this pad. Escaping is now your number one priority, but these mirrors suck you in like portals with a Valve-like authority to a place that parallels where you were, but something #39;s off, the lights are, so are your arms, a few yards away they #39;re hanging from the loose wooden ones of a rocking chair in a hallway, all you can do is stare, as everything around you turns all grey... a mist forms in the air, see-through figure with no face rises from the stairs, you think you have x-ray vision, but no it #39;s just not ...From:ShakatheShockerViews:1 0ratingsTime:01:35More inMusic

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Slayer - Video

--Moving Day, A Walk for Parkinson's, to benefit the Parkinson Foundation of the National Capital Area and the National Parkinson Foundation--

WASHINGTON, Oct. 29, 2012 /PRNewswire-USNewswire/ --The National Parkinson Foundation (NPF) in partnership with Parkinson Foundation of the National Capital Area (PFNCA) is holding Moving Day, a fundraising walk for Parkinson's disease (PD) in Washington, D.C. Moving Day will be held at Nationals Park on Sunday, November 4th with gates opening at 8:30 AM. The money the local community raises through Moving Day will help improve the lives of Parkinson's patients and families affected by the disease in the greater D.C. area.

Each walk will feature a "Movement Pavilion," with activities such as yoga, Pilates, Tai Chi, dance and much more. Studies show that movement is beneficial and proven to help manage the symptoms of PD, improving flexibility and mobility. The aim is to encourage people to stay active and move for better health.

Katie Couric joined Moving Day last year as honorary national chair to help spread awareness about the disease and promote NPF's goal of generating funds to support needed research for PD. Couric watched her father battle PD for years. "I am proud to be a part of this mission and in doing so, honor my wonderful father, who was a true profile in courage as he soldiered on every day to remain an active and vibrant part of the family he so loved," said Couric.

People who take part in Moving Day become part of a nationwide movement to beat Parkinson's by supporting education and outreach, cutting-edge research aimed at better treatment and care, advancement of clinical care through healthcare professional training and raising general awareness about the disease.

Almost everyone is touched by Parkinson's in one way or another with an estimated 1 million people in the United States living with the disease. To learn more about Moving Day Washington, D.C. and how you, your family and friends can get involved, please visit http://www.movingdaydc.org.

About Parkinson's DiseaseParkinson's disease is a neurodegenerative brain disorder that progresses slowly in most people with PD. When 60 to 80 percent of the dopamine-producing cells in the brain are damaged, and do not produce enough dopamine, the motor symptoms of Parkinson's disease appear. In the United States, 50-60,000 new cases are diagnosed each year, adding to the 1 million people who have Parkinson's disease. It is estimated that 4 to 6 million people around the world have Parkinson's.

About The National Parkinson Foundation (NPF)Founded in 1957, NPF's mission is to improve the quality of care for people with Parkinson's disease. NPF has funded more than $164 million in care, research and support services. For more information about NPF and the Moving Day event, please visit http://www.parkinson.org or call toll-free 1-800-4PD-INFO (473-4636).

About Parkinson Foundation of the National Capital Area (PFNCA)PFNCA is the largest local provider of support, education and exercise programs for Parkinson's patients and their loved ones. Exercise, Dance, Yoga, Pilates, Choir and Aerobics classes are available every week and there is no charge for Parkinson's community members to participate. Connect with us by calling 703-734-1017 or visit http://www.parkinsonfoundation.org.

Contact: Lou Nistler Executive Director Parkinson Foundation of the National Capital Area lnistler@parkinsonfoundation.org 703-734-1017

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It's Time for Washington, D.C. To Get "Moving" For Parkinson's Disease

Dear Drs. Donohue and Roach My dad, age 77, has just been told he has Parkinson's disease. We, his children, aren't sure of the implications of this for him, our mother or us. Currently, he isn't greatly impaired. He moves more slowly, but his thinking is clear. His hands don't shake.

What can we expect? B.B.

Answer Parkinson's disease, PD, is estimated to affect a million North Americans. It's a difficult illness difficult to have, difficult to treat and difficult to understand. Most of the time, the illness strikes people over the age of 60, and most cases of Parkinson's disease are not inherited.

The underlying problem is a depletion of dopamine, a brain chemical that is vital to smooth, coordinated muscle movement and to thinking. Four prominent signs distinguish this illness. One is tremor, a shaking of the hands when they're at rest, as they are when they're lying in the lap. The index finger and thumb constantly roll over each other. Muscle rigidity is obvious when a doctor tries to move the arms or legs of the patient. They tend to be tightly frozen. Parkinson's patients find it hard to button a shirt or tie shoes. Bradykinesia, slowness of movement, is another sign of PD. Typically, patients walk with slow, shuffling steps. They're quite prone to falls. As times passes, many patients develop trouble with clear thinking.

The treatments for Parkinson's disease are many. Often the first choice is Sinemet, a combination of levodopa and carbidopa. It restores brain dopamine levels. I'll mention some other drugs to give you an idea of available medicines, but I can't elaborate on the way they work space isn't available for that. Amantadine, Artane, Requip and Comtan are but a few of the Parkinson's medicines that can be turned to if Sinemet fails to bring a satisfactory response.

From the time of diagnosis, Parkinson's patients average 10 more years of life.

Dear Drs. Donohue and Roach Doctors, three, told me they thought I had ovarian cancer and that I needed urgent surgery. I was taken to surgery but I didn't have ovarian cancer. I had a dermoid cyst.

How come three doctors, all of whom had me get ultrasounds, couldn't diagnose this without sending me to surgery? N.C.

Answer Dermoid cysts contain cells that belong to skin, hair, oil glands, teeth, muscle, lungs and the digestive tract. Although ultrasound pictures of the ovary are able to furnish an answer on the nature of such a mass, the pictures don't always provide a definitive answer.

Write Drs. Paul Donohue and Keith Roach at P.O. Box 536475, Orlando, Fla. 32853-6475.

Go here to see the original:
A primer on Parkinson's disease

Dear Drs. Donohue and Roach My dad, age 77, has just been told he has Parkinson's disease. We, his children, aren't sure of the implications of this for him, our mother or us. Currently, he isn't greatly impaired. He moves more slowly, but his thinking is clear. His hands don't shake.

What can we expect? B.B.

Answer Parkinson's disease, PD, is estimated to affect a million North Americans. It's a difficult illness difficult to have, difficult to treat and difficult to understand. Most of the time, the illness strikes people over the age of 60, and most cases of Parkinson's disease are not inherited.

The underlying problem is a depletion of dopamine, a brain chemical that is vital to smooth, coordinated muscle movement and to thinking. Four prominent signs distinguish this illness. One is tremor, a shaking of the hands when they're at rest, as they are when they're lying in the lap. The index finger and thumb constantly roll over each other. Muscle rigidity is obvious when a doctor tries to move the arms or legs of the patient. They tend to be tightly frozen. Parkinson's patients find it hard to button a shirt or tie shoes. Bradykinesia, slowness of movement, is another sign of PD. Typically, patients walk with slow, shuffling steps. They're quite prone to falls. As times passes, many patients develop trouble with clear thinking.

The treatments for Parkinson's disease are many. Often the first choice is Sinemet, a combination of levodopa and carbidopa. It restores brain dopamine levels. I'll mention some other drugs to give you an idea of available medicines, but I can't elaborate on the way they work space isn't available for that. Amantadine, Artane, Requip and Comtan are but a few of the Parkinson's medicines that can be turned to if Sinemet fails to bring a satisfactory response.

From the time of diagnosis, Parkinson's patients average 10 more years of life.

Dear Drs. Donohue and Roach Doctors, three, told me they thought I had ovarian cancer and that I needed urgent surgery. I was taken to surgery but I didn't have ovarian cancer. I had a dermoid cyst.

How come three doctors, all of whom had me get ultrasounds, couldn't diagnose this without sending me to surgery? N.C.

Answer Dermoid cysts contain cells that belong to skin, hair, oil glands, teeth, muscle, lungs and the digestive tract. Although ultrasound pictures of the ovary are able to furnish an answer on the nature of such a mass, the pictures don't always provide a definitive answer.

Write Drs. Paul Donohue and Keith Roach at P.O. Box 536475, Orlando, Fla. 32853-6475.

Go here to see the original:
A primer on Parkinson's disease

ScienceDaily (Oct. 24, 2012) Scientists may have discovered why the standard treatment for Parkinson's disease is often effective for only a limited period of time. Their research could lead to a better understanding of many brain disorders, from drug addiction to depression, that share certain signaling molecules involved in modulating brain activity.

A team led by Bernardo Sabatini, Takeda Professor of Neurobiology at Harvard Medical School, used mouse models to study dopamine neurons in the striatum, a region of the brain involved in both movement and learning. In people, these neurons release dopamine, a neurotransmitter that allows us to walk, speak and even type on a keyboard. When those cells die, as they do in Parkinson's patients, so does the ability to easily initiate movement. Current Parkinson's drugs are precursors of dopamine that are then converted into dopamine by cells in the brain.

The flip side of dopamine dearth is dopamine hyperactivity. Heroin, cocaine and amphetamines rev up or mimic dopamine neurons, ultimately reinforcing the learned reward of drug-taking. Other conditions such as obsessive-compulsive disorder, Tourette syndrome and even schizophrenia may also be related to the misregulation of dopamine.

In the October 11 issue of Nature, Sabatini and co-authors Nicolas Tritsch and Jun Ding reported that midbrain dopamine neurons release not only dopamine but also another neurotransmitter called GABA, which lowers neuronal activity. The previously unsuspected presence of GABA could explain why restoring only dopamine could cause initial improvements in Parkinson's patients to eventually wane. And if GABA is made by the same cells that produce other neurotransmitters, such as depression-linked serotonin, similar single-focus treatments could be less successful for the same reason.

"If what we found in the mouse applies to the human, then dopamine's only half the story," said Sabatini.

A detailed view of dopamine neurons.

The surprising GABA story began in the Sabatini lab with a series of experiments designed to see what happens when cells release dopamine. The scientists used optogenetics, a powerful technique that relies on genetic manipulation to selectively sensitize cells to light. In laboratory dishes, researchers tested brain tissue from mice engineered to show activity in dopamine neurons. Typically in such experiments, other neurotransmitters would be blocked in order to highlight dopamine, but Tritsch, a postdoctoral fellow in the Sabatini lab, decided instead to keep the cell in as natural a state as possible.

When Tritsch activated the dopamine neurons and examined their effects on striatal neurons, he naturally expected to observe the effects of dopamine release. Instead, he saw rapid inhibition of the striatal neurons, making it clear that another neurotransmitter -- which turned out to be the quick-acting GABA -- was at work. This was so unusual that the team launched a series of experiments to confirm that GABA was being released directly by these dopamine neurons.

A standard way to detect GABA is to look for vesicular GABA transporter, or VGAT, a protein that packages and carries GABA into neurotransmitter vesicles. The scientists silenced the gene that makes VGAT in mice and found that the dopamine neurons released GABA even in the absence of VGAT.

The researchers then tested other transporters, zeroing in on one that ferries dopamine and a variety of other neurotransmitters. For reasons they don't yet understand, this protein -- the vesicular monoamine transporter -- also shuttles GABA.

View post:
Challenging Parkinson's dogma: Dopamine may not be the only key player in this tragic neurodegenerative disease

ScienceDaily (Oct. 24, 2012) Scientists may have discovered why the standard treatment for Parkinson's disease is often effective for only a limited period of time. Their research could lead to a better understanding of many brain disorders, from drug addiction to depression, that share certain signaling molecules involved in modulating brain activity.

A team led by Bernardo Sabatini, Takeda Professor of Neurobiology at Harvard Medical School, used mouse models to study dopamine neurons in the striatum, a region of the brain involved in both movement and learning. In people, these neurons release dopamine, a neurotransmitter that allows us to walk, speak and even type on a keyboard. When those cells die, as they do in Parkinson's patients, so does the ability to easily initiate movement. Current Parkinson's drugs are precursors of dopamine that are then converted into dopamine by cells in the brain.

The flip side of dopamine dearth is dopamine hyperactivity. Heroin, cocaine and amphetamines rev up or mimic dopamine neurons, ultimately reinforcing the learned reward of drug-taking. Other conditions such as obsessive-compulsive disorder, Tourette syndrome and even schizophrenia may also be related to the misregulation of dopamine.

In the October 11 issue of Nature, Sabatini and co-authors Nicolas Tritsch and Jun Ding reported that midbrain dopamine neurons release not only dopamine but also another neurotransmitter called GABA, which lowers neuronal activity. The previously unsuspected presence of GABA could explain why restoring only dopamine could cause initial improvements in Parkinson's patients to eventually wane. And if GABA is made by the same cells that produce other neurotransmitters, such as depression-linked serotonin, similar single-focus treatments could be less successful for the same reason.

"If what we found in the mouse applies to the human, then dopamine's only half the story," said Sabatini.

A detailed view of dopamine neurons.

The surprising GABA story began in the Sabatini lab with a series of experiments designed to see what happens when cells release dopamine. The scientists used optogenetics, a powerful technique that relies on genetic manipulation to selectively sensitize cells to light. In laboratory dishes, researchers tested brain tissue from mice engineered to show activity in dopamine neurons. Typically in such experiments, other neurotransmitters would be blocked in order to highlight dopamine, but Tritsch, a postdoctoral fellow in the Sabatini lab, decided instead to keep the cell in as natural a state as possible.

When Tritsch activated the dopamine neurons and examined their effects on striatal neurons, he naturally expected to observe the effects of dopamine release. Instead, he saw rapid inhibition of the striatal neurons, making it clear that another neurotransmitter -- which turned out to be the quick-acting GABA -- was at work. This was so unusual that the team launched a series of experiments to confirm that GABA was being released directly by these dopamine neurons.

A standard way to detect GABA is to look for vesicular GABA transporter, or VGAT, a protein that packages and carries GABA into neurotransmitter vesicles. The scientists silenced the gene that makes VGAT in mice and found that the dopamine neurons released GABA even in the absence of VGAT.

The researchers then tested other transporters, zeroing in on one that ferries dopamine and a variety of other neurotransmitters. For reasons they don't yet understand, this protein -- the vesicular monoamine transporter -- also shuttles GABA.

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Challenging Parkinson's dogma: Dopamine may not be the only key player in this tragic neurodegenerative disease

ScienceDaily (Oct. 19, 2012) By reprogramming skin cells from Parkinson's disease patients with a known genetic mutation, researchers at the Salk Institute for Biological Studies have identified damage to neural stem cells as a powerful player in the disease. The findings, reported online October 17th in Nature, may lead to new ways to diagnose and treat the disease.

The scientists found that a common mutation to a gene that produce the enzyme LRRK2, which is responsible for both familial and sporadic cases of Parkinson's disease, deforms the membrane surrounding the nucleus of a neural stem cell. Damaging the nuclear architecture leads to destruction of these powerful cells, as well as their decreased ability to spawn functional neurons, such as the ones that respond to dopamine.

The researchers checked their laboratory findings with brain samples from Parkinson's disease patients and found the same nuclear envelope impairment.

"This discovery helps explain how Parkinson's disease, which has been traditionally associated with loss of neurons that produce dopamine and subsequent motor impairment, could lead to locomotor dysfunction and other common non-motor manifestations, such as depression and anxiety," says Juan Carlos Izpisua Belmonte, a professor in Salk's Gene Expression Laboratory, who led the research team. "Similarly, current clinical trials explore the possibility of neural stem cell transplantation to compensate for dopamine deficits. Our work provides the platform for similar trials by using patient-specific corrected cells. It identifies degeneration of the nucleus as a previously unknown player in Parkinson's."

Although the researchers say that they don't yet know whether these nuclear aberrations cause Parkinson's disease or are a consequence of it, they say the discovery could offer clues about potential new therapeutic approaches.

For example, they were able to use targeted gene-editing technologies to correct the mutation in patient's nuclear stem cells. This genetic correction repaired the disorganization of the nuclear envelope, and improved overall survival and functioning of the neural stem cells.

They were also able to chemically inhibit damage to the nucleus, producing the same results seen with genetic correction. "This opens the door for drug treatment of Parkinson's disease patients who have this genetic mutation," says Belmonte.

The new finding may also help clinicians better diagnose this form of Parkinson's disease, he adds. "Due to the striking appearance in patient samples, nuclear deformation parameters could add to the pool of diagnostic features for Parkinson's disease," he says.

The research team, which included scientists from China, Spain, and the University of California, San Diego, and Scripps Research Institute, made their discoveries using human induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs). These cells are similar to natural stem cells, such as embryonic stem cells, except that they are derived from adult cells. While generation of these cells has raised expectations within the biomedical community due to their transplant potential -- the idea that they could morph into tissue that needs to be replaced -- they also provide exceptional research opportunities, says Belmonte.

"We can model disease using these cells in ways that are not possible using traditional research methods, such as established cell lines, primary cultures and animal models," he says.

Original post:
Key player in Parkinson's disease neuron loss pinpointed

ScienceDaily (Oct. 19, 2012) By reprogramming skin cells from Parkinson's disease patients with a known genetic mutation, researchers at the Salk Institute for Biological Studies have identified damage to neural stem cells as a powerful player in the disease. The findings, reported online October 17th in Nature, may lead to new ways to diagnose and treat the disease.

The scientists found that a common mutation to a gene that produce the enzyme LRRK2, which is responsible for both familial and sporadic cases of Parkinson's disease, deforms the membrane surrounding the nucleus of a neural stem cell. Damaging the nuclear architecture leads to destruction of these powerful cells, as well as their decreased ability to spawn functional neurons, such as the ones that respond to dopamine.

The researchers checked their laboratory findings with brain samples from Parkinson's disease patients and found the same nuclear envelope impairment.

"This discovery helps explain how Parkinson's disease, which has been traditionally associated with loss of neurons that produce dopamine and subsequent motor impairment, could lead to locomotor dysfunction and other common non-motor manifestations, such as depression and anxiety," says Juan Carlos Izpisua Belmonte, a professor in Salk's Gene Expression Laboratory, who led the research team. "Similarly, current clinical trials explore the possibility of neural stem cell transplantation to compensate for dopamine deficits. Our work provides the platform for similar trials by using patient-specific corrected cells. It identifies degeneration of the nucleus as a previously unknown player in Parkinson's."

Although the researchers say that they don't yet know whether these nuclear aberrations cause Parkinson's disease or are a consequence of it, they say the discovery could offer clues about potential new therapeutic approaches.

For example, they were able to use targeted gene-editing technologies to correct the mutation in patient's nuclear stem cells. This genetic correction repaired the disorganization of the nuclear envelope, and improved overall survival and functioning of the neural stem cells.

They were also able to chemically inhibit damage to the nucleus, producing the same results seen with genetic correction. "This opens the door for drug treatment of Parkinson's disease patients who have this genetic mutation," says Belmonte.

The new finding may also help clinicians better diagnose this form of Parkinson's disease, he adds. "Due to the striking appearance in patient samples, nuclear deformation parameters could add to the pool of diagnostic features for Parkinson's disease," he says.

The research team, which included scientists from China, Spain, and the University of California, San Diego, and Scripps Research Institute, made their discoveries using human induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs). These cells are similar to natural stem cells, such as embryonic stem cells, except that they are derived from adult cells. While generation of these cells has raised expectations within the biomedical community due to their transplant potential -- the idea that they could morph into tissue that needs to be replaced -- they also provide exceptional research opportunities, says Belmonte.

"We can model disease using these cells in ways that are not possible using traditional research methods, such as established cell lines, primary cultures and animal models," he says.

Original post:
Key player in Parkinson's disease neuron loss pinpointed

Freddie Roach (L) said his Parkinson's had no impact upon his training of Amir Khan (AP)Amir Khan has a history of finding someone to blame after he loses a fight. When he was beaten by Lamont Peterson in December, Khan fingered referee Joe Cooper and the three judges before settling on the so-called "Mystery Man," Mustafa Ameen.

Khan and his team ignored the fact they'd competed in a compelling fight that was very close and which could have gone either way. Could Khan have been declared the winner in that fight? Absolutely. But was it an outrageous injustice that Peterson won it? Absolutely not.

Khan returned to the ring on July 14 in Las Vegas, but it didn't turn out as he planned. Angered by pre-fight taunts from trainer Angel Garcia, Khan fought the wrong style and was knocked out by Danny Garcia in the fourth round.

Instead of accepting the blame for that, on Tuesday, he found another culprit: Trainer Freddie Roach. At a news conference to announce his Dec. 15 match in Los Angeles with Carlos Molina, Khan told reporters that he replaced Roach with Virgil Hunter as his trainer after the Garcia loss because Roach's Parkinson's disease was impacting his ability to coach.

It's hard to see him older and getting worse. I wish him the best. Freddie, with the Parkinson's disease, he was struggling with instructions and couldn't move as well.

Roach has battled Parkinson's for years. He is plagued by tremors, but he's been named Trainer of the Year by the Boxing Writers Association of America five times. He's won it in three of the last four years and in four of the last six.

Roach angrily disputed Khan's contention and said he, not Hunter, would still be training Khan had he agreed to walk away from several of his other fighters.

Khan had followed Roach around the world to train and, not unreasonably, wanted a trainer who would give him 100 percent of his attention. Because of his success, Roach is one of the world's most-sought trainers. He said he understood Khan's decision to leave, but insisted it had nothing to do with his Parkinson's.

If that was true, why would he say to me, 'Fire Manny Pacquiao and Chavez Jr.', and they'll keep me? Him, his father, his lawyer and his uncle all said that.It had nothing to do with Parkinson's.Parkinson's had nothing to do with it. They know that. And I wish them the best of luck.

Khan is a skilled fighter who will do well under Hunter. He's also at a point in his career where he needs to work with someone who will give him his undivided attention and help bring out his many skills. If he loses to Molina, he'll be all but done as a big-time attraction.

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Freddie Roach disputes Amir Khan’s contention that Parkinson’s is impacting his coaching ability

Public release date: 24-Oct-2012 [ | E-mail | Share ]

Contact: Marla Paul marla-paul@northwestern.edu 312-503-8928 Northwestern University

CHICAGO --- In an early-stage breakthrough, a team of Northwestern University scientists has developed a new family of compounds that could slow the progression of Parkinsons disease.

Parkinsons, the second most common neurodegenerative disease, is caused by the death of dopamine neurons, resulting in tremors, rigidity and difficulty moving. Current treatments target the symptoms but do not slow the progression of the disease.

The new compounds were developed by Richard B. Silverman, the John Evans Professor of Chemistry at the Weinberg College of Arts and Sciences and inventor of the molecule that became the well-known drug Lyrica, and D. James Surmeier, chair of physiology at Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine. Their research was published Oct. 23 in the journal Nature Communications.

The compounds work by slamming the door on an unwelcome and destructive guest -- calcium. The compounds target and shut a relatively rare membrane protein that allows calcium to flood into dopamine neurons. Surmeiers previously published research showed that calcium entry through this protein stresses dopamine neurons, potentially leading to premature aging and death. He also identified the precise protein involved -- the Cav1.3 channel.

These are the first compounds to selectively target this channel, Surmeier said. By shutting down the channel, we should be able to slow the progression of the disease or significantly reduce the risk that anyone would get Parkinsons disease if they take this drug early enough.

Weve developed a molecule that could be an entirely new mechanism for arresting Parkinsons disease, rather than just treating the symptoms, Silverman said.

The compounds work in a similar way to the drugisradipine, which is commercially available FDAapproved for treatment ofhypertension, for which a Phase 2 national clinical trial withParkinson'spatients -- led by Northwestern Medicine neurologist Tanya Simuni,M.D. -- was recentlycompleted. Isradipine studies in Parkinson's disease aremoving forward, but because isradipinewas developed for treatment ofhypertension, it interacts with other channels found in the walls ofbloodvessels. This limits the dose of the drug that can be administered to patientswithParkinson's disease.

The challenge for Silverman was to design new compounds that specifically target this rare Cav1.3 channel, not those that are abundant in blood vessels. He and colleagues first used high-throughput screening to test 60,000 existing compounds, but none did the trick.

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Parkinson's breakthough could slow disease progression