DNA Tracing
This article first appeared in PC Gamer magazine issue 362 in October 2021, as part of our 'DNA Tracing' series, where every month we delve into the lineages behind iconic games and studios.
The life of a studio famed for big, difficult decisions began with a no-brainer. When John Romero approached Warren Spector with a blank cheque to make his dream game, Spector's team was unemployedshowing up to the defunct Looking Glass Austin office to pitch ideas unpaid. In their sketches and documents was a concept for a spy game called Shooter, in which an agent could hack devices and control nanotechnology. The year was 1997, and the air was thick with Hollywood actors in mirrored sunglasses tapping away at chunky keyboards.
Suddenly, with Romero's backing, anything Spector and his studio could imagine was fair game. The fundamentals were clear for a team that had coalesced around Thief: The Dark Projecta first-person world in which objects behaved as expected when subjected to gravity and the elements, and NPCs reacted with a nuance that enabled players to manipulate them.
Yet it wouldn't be true to say that Deus Ex was born from a unified creative vision. In fact, Spector encouraged discord by creating two design teams, each with a separate idea of what the game should be. One, headed up by future Arkane boss Harvey Smith, was determined to ground the adventure in a fashion that emphasised the 'near-' of near-future; the other had inherited the Ultima RPG sensibilities of Spector's alma mater, Origin Systems.
The results could have been disastrous, a game pulled apart by horses. Instead, Deus Ex was elevated by its whiplash variety. One level, which Smith fought to keep free of enemies, was a prototypical Gone Home in which you quietly explored the mansion of a dead Illuminati leader, listening to the wistful observations of the daughter she left behind. Another was a Matrix-esque hotel escape best handled with a flamethrower. A third, Hong Kong, was a massive city hub stuffed with engrossing dialoguea no-no in Looking Glass games, which had favoured abandoned or out-of-hours spaces in order to dodge uncanny NPCs. Forget Assassin's Creed, Deus Ex was the game in which everything was permitted, for player and developer both.
That exhilarating clash of contrasts was reflected in the story, too. Where later sequels homed in on transhumanism and the social issues it magnified, the original Deus Ex was an explosion of conflicting political ideas. Through likeable secondary characters, who condemned lethal methods in no uncertain terms, it endorsed a broadly liberal worldview. Yet its knotted storyline also warned against the potential of globalism to put power in the hands of a malevolent few, and hooked you up with a terrorist group dedicated to upholding the US right to bear arms. Thanks to the earnest socialist voice of lead writer Sheldon Pacotti, Deus Ex became a game in which a minor NPC in a bar could bend your ear with a radical interpretation of the Declaration of Independence. Like the environment it was produced in, Deus Ex was a smorgasbord of ideologies.
By the time it came to make Deus Ex: Invisible War, Ion Storm Austin had resolved its internal differences. Perhaps that was part of the problem. With Harvey Smith newly installed as creative director, the team set about streamlining, determined to focus Deus Ex's feature set. Some of the more notorious controversies now seem overblownthe universal ammo system is defensible, for instance, since it regularly drains your guns, encouraging creative solutions with an environmental or social dimension instead. But Invisible War's amalgamated factions decoupled the series from real-world concerns. What's more, a singular vision reduced Invisible War's capacity for surprise, even as it routinely matched its predecessor for thoughtful, non-linear level design.
The biggest issue, however, was the Xbox. It's important to note that, in 2021, the tribal fear of 'dumbing down' is outdated hogwash; practically every AAA game is now multi-platform, a trend which has multiplied game budgets, benefitting PC gamers just like everyone else. Invisible War, however, fell on the edge of that change. The Xbox's 64mb of RAM forced a dramatic reduction in the scale of Deus Ex's levels.
While not necessarily a dealbreaker for designimmersive sims have always favoured density over sprawlit was a compromise that hurt Invisible War's fiction. Lower Seattle, supposedly a sprawling slum, comprised a couple of tight streets, three apartments, one coffee shop and a deathly quiet barfar from the "vast cityscape" described in early interviews.
Ion Storm pursued a similar policy of parallel development on PC and Xbox for its third and final project, Thief: Deadly Shadows. And some of the same problems manifestedespecially in the cramped open world that connected missions, damaging the carefully curated sense of a larger city looming in the background of Garrett's heists. Yet it clearly benefitted from being second in the queue, behind Invisible Warbearing less of the brunt of the console's technological lessons.
In fact, with Deadly Shadows, it finally seemed as if advancing tech was catching up with the Looking Glass dream of a simulation that mimicked the world's natural forces. The Havok physics was rubbery but robust, and Ion Storm made fine use of dynamic shadowsmaking your safe space mercurial for the first time as torch-wielding patrols moved back and forth behind lampposts.
Most of all, Deadly Shadows felt like the completion of a circle for the studio that had first coalesced around Thief. Spector let former Looking Glass staff lead the way, who treated Deadly Shadows as the last part in a trilogytying off Garrett's journey from cynic and misanthrope to caretaker of the world. Rarely has an inherited series been honoured so carefully.
Ironically enough, it's a reverence Ion Storm would never have afforded its own series, Deus Ex, which it considered a platform for risk-taking. That impetus might have disappointed players of Invisible War, who found their beloved RPG-shooter too much changed. But without that same quality, they would never have cared about the name Deus Ex in the first place.
More:
Ion Storm Austin's journey from Thief to Thief, by way of Deus Ex - PC Gamer
- Transhuman's Amanda Johnstone on the future of AI and emotions - The Examiner - January 27th, 2024 [January 27th, 2024]
- Transhumanism: billionaires want to use tech to enhance our abilities the outcomes could change what it means to ... - The Conversation - January 18th, 2024 [January 18th, 2024]
- The Nazis and Their Transhumanist Delusion - Discovery Institute - January 18th, 2024 [January 18th, 2024]
- Conspiracy Theories, Some with Antisemitic Roots, Crop Up in 2023 ... - ADL - November 28th, 2023 [November 28th, 2023]
- 10 of The Wildest Fictional Drugs from Transmetropolitan - Screen Rant - November 28th, 2023 [November 28th, 2023]
- Sam Altman's Second Coming Sparks New Fears of the AI Apocalypse - WIRED - November 28th, 2023 [November 28th, 2023]
- The New Progressive Nihilism - Compact Mag - November 28th, 2023 [November 28th, 2023]
- Is Laughter All Weve Got? On David Baddiels The God Desire - lareviewofbooks - November 28th, 2023 [November 28th, 2023]
- Luxury industry set to reach $1.6 trillion in sales this year - Glossy - November 28th, 2023 [November 28th, 2023]
- SKILLET's JOHN COOPER Explains Why He Believes 'Queer ... - BLABBERMOUTH.NET - November 28th, 2023 [November 28th, 2023]
- DC This Week Roundup - Superheroes Across Space and Time - GeekDad - November 28th, 2023 [November 28th, 2023]
- Transcending Time. The Transhumanist Challenge To | by ... - Medium - October 31st, 2023 [October 31st, 2023]
- From Trans Healthcare to Transhumanism: Reality vs. Conspiracy at ... - Colorado Times Recorder - October 31st, 2023 [October 31st, 2023]
- Opinion | The Reactionary Futurism of Marc Andreessen - The New York Times - October 31st, 2023 [October 31st, 2023]
- Pursuing the Ethics of Artificial Intelligence in Healthcare - Cedars-Sinai - October 31st, 2023 [October 31st, 2023]
- Curse God and Die, They Said. It Will Be Fun, They Said - The Stream - October 31st, 2023 [October 31st, 2023]
- Cardinal Hollerich: The openness of the Synod on Synodality 'will ... - Catholic World Report - October 31st, 2023 [October 31st, 2023]
- Virtual insanity Winnipeg Free Press - Winnipeg Free Press - October 31st, 2023 [October 31st, 2023]
- Interview In praise of failure - Morning Star Online - October 3rd, 2023 [October 3rd, 2023]
- I used Grimes' AI vocals to make a hit here's how I did it - NME - May 22nd, 2023 [May 22nd, 2023]
- ric Sadin and the Challenges of Artificial Intelligence - Exploring your Mind - May 22nd, 2023 [May 22nd, 2023]
- Crazy Town: Episode 73. How Longtermism Became the Most ... - Resilience - May 18th, 2023 [May 18th, 2023]
- Why Warhammer 40K fans keep arguing about the Emperors terrible sons - Polygon - May 18th, 2023 [May 18th, 2023]
- Are We Co-Creators with God? - Answers In Genesis - April 23rd, 2023 [April 23rd, 2023]
- Why Is Everything 'Punk' Now? - TheGamer - April 23rd, 2023 [April 23rd, 2023]
- Let 3 from Croatia: "We want to heal the world from hate and stupidity" - Eurovisionworld - April 23rd, 2023 [April 23rd, 2023]
- Prominent Dutch Philosopher and Convert Charts Her Path to the Catholic Church - National Catholic Register - April 23rd, 2023 [April 23rd, 2023]
- Is There a Best Way to Think About the Future of Earth? - Inverse - April 23rd, 2023 [April 23rd, 2023]
- 'Infinity Pool' Review: Skarsgrd and Goth Star in Disgusting and Hypnotic Horror - The Indiependent - March 24th, 2023 [March 24th, 2023]
- What is transhumanism? | GotQuestions.org - February 18th, 2023 [February 18th, 2023]
- Elon Musk & Neuralink to start human trials of his computer chip brain ... - January 4th, 2023 [January 4th, 2023]
- Transhuman Space - Wikipedia - January 4th, 2023 [January 4th, 2023]
- Dr. Carrie Madej: why vaccines alter the human DNA - Stop World Control - November 23rd, 2022 [November 23rd, 2022]
- Transhuman online - October 21st, 2022 [October 21st, 2022]
- Transhumanist Bill of Rights Version 3.0 - October 21st, 2022 [October 21st, 2022]
- Transhuman Aliens - TV Tropes - October 21st, 2022 [October 21st, 2022]
- DARPA's New Biotech Division Wants To Create A Transhuman Future - October 21st, 2022 [October 21st, 2022]
- Transhuman Space | GURPS Wiki | Fandom - October 21st, 2022 [October 21st, 2022]
- Transhuman Overhaul [Half-Life 2] [Mods] - GameBanana - October 21st, 2022 [October 21st, 2022]
- Transhumanism: The Final Frontier? - Evening Standard - October 2nd, 2022 [October 2nd, 2022]
- Former GOP candidates push baseless QAnon conspiracy theory that Hurricane Ian was created to punish DeSantis - The Independent - October 2nd, 2022 [October 2nd, 2022]
- Is the body key to understanding consciousness? - The Guardian - October 2nd, 2022 [October 2nd, 2022]
- Cyborg Sapiens Book Opening Window on Future Presented in Athens - The National Herald - September 22nd, 2022 [September 22nd, 2022]
- America embraces the fourth industrial revolution - The Post - UnHerd - September 22nd, 2022 [September 22nd, 2022]
- You need to watch 2022's best video game adaptation ASAP - Inverse - September 22nd, 2022 [September 22nd, 2022]
- Top 10 Magic Churches Through Which To Work Out My Real World Feelings About Religion - Hipsters of the Coast - Hipsters of the Coast - September 22nd, 2022 [September 22nd, 2022]
- Dr. Carrie Madej Out of Georgia | American Media Periscope - September 11th, 2022 [September 11th, 2022]
- Not Applicable Website for Not Applicable label and artists ... - September 11th, 2022 [September 11th, 2022]
- Review: BBC PROMS AND THE ENO at Printworks London - Broadway World - September 7th, 2022 [September 7th, 2022]
- The fruit of the transhumanist project will not be a better human being - TVP World - September 2nd, 2022 [September 2nd, 2022]
- WEF agenda envisions an augmented society ruled by Internet of Bodies, digital ID - The Sociable - September 2nd, 2022 [September 2nd, 2022]
- Prebunking Disinformation | prebunking disinformation - Patheos - September 2nd, 2022 [September 2nd, 2022]
- What Is A Human? - The American Conservative - August 29th, 2022 [August 29th, 2022]
- Stray - A simple and focused game in a world of games that go astray - Flayrah - August 29th, 2022 [August 29th, 2022]
- McDermott: Pinner may have been crackers, but in today's GOP, she was practically normal - St. Louis Post-Dispatch - August 29th, 2022 [August 29th, 2022]
- Axiom Verge 2 The Games Sole Creator, Thomas Happ, Discusses How Science Fiction Impacted Bot... - Happy Gamer - August 29th, 2022 [August 29th, 2022]
- From Silk Road to NFTs: Why Musician and Artist Tycho Sees Web3 as the Endgame - Decrypt - August 29th, 2022 [August 29th, 2022]
- The Three-City Problem of Modern Life - WIRED - August 29th, 2022 [August 29th, 2022]
- Transhumanists want to upload their minds to a computer. They really won't like the result - Big Think - August 6th, 2022 [August 6th, 2022]
- A fake salsa band ignites the rebirth of an old New York record label - EL PAS USA - August 6th, 2022 [August 6th, 2022]
- WISeKey Strengthens its Technology Portfolio Across Cybersecurity, IoT, NFT and the Metaverse - MarTech Series - August 6th, 2022 [August 6th, 2022]
- Artist Stelarcs creature comes to life at Science Gallery - The Age - August 6th, 2022 [August 6th, 2022]
- The Wearable Cyberpunk Future on the Horizon - Hackster.io - August 2nd, 2022 [August 2nd, 2022]
- This Boulder art exhibit is beautiful and ugly all at once - The Denver Post - August 2nd, 2022 [August 2nd, 2022]
- WISeKey Announces the Launch of "The Code to The Metaverse" an Interactive Multi-Media Platform at Davos Event - GuruFocus.com - June 30th, 2022 [June 30th, 2022]
- The 10 best games of 2022 (so far) - The A.V. Club - June 30th, 2022 [June 30th, 2022]
- Transhuman Elon Musk: Your Brain Will Get Its Own USB-C Port - June 3rd, 2022 [June 3rd, 2022]
- SRMs Road to The US Open Seattle Part 6: Transhuman in the Box - June 3rd, 2022 [June 3rd, 2022]
- Elon Musk unveils Optimus: A humanoid robot where you will ... - Marca - June 3rd, 2022 [June 3rd, 2022]
- WISeKey Announces the Launch of The Code to The Metaverse an Interactive Multi-Media Platform at Davos Event - GlobeNewswire - June 3rd, 2022 [June 3rd, 2022]
- Secrets and Lies Star Trek: Strange New Worlds: Ghosts of Illyria - Tor.com - May 23rd, 2022 [May 23rd, 2022]
- The Cyberpunk Genre Is Broken, And The Creator Of Citizen Sleeper Agrees - Kotaku - May 21st, 2022 [May 21st, 2022]
- 4 Lessons the Era of Technology Has Taught Us - Sprout Wired - April 27th, 2022 [April 27th, 2022]
- danish pavilion unveils transhuman installation 'we walked the earth' at venice art biennale - Designboom - April 25th, 2022 [April 25th, 2022]
- There Is No New Normal - Caffeinated Thoughts - April 25th, 2022 [April 25th, 2022]
- Watch: First Trailer for Body Horror movie 'Crimes of the Future' - We Got This Covered - April 15th, 2022 [April 15th, 2022]
- 4 Female Digital Artists on the Future of NFTs and the Metaverse - HYPEBAE - April 13th, 2022 [April 13th, 2022]
- Marcel the Shell With Shoes On Returns in New Trailer - The Daily Beast - April 13th, 2022 [April 13th, 2022]
- 'The Flight Attendant' Season 2 Trailer Introduces a Kaley Cuoco Multiverse - The Daily Beast - April 13th, 2022 [April 13th, 2022]
- Re-Open the Floodgates of American Energy to Prevent an Oil-pocalypse - California Globe - April 4th, 2022 [April 4th, 2022]