In BriefNASA is currently preparing a probe that will travel furtherinto the center of our solar system than ever before. The probewill travel at speeds of 200 km/sec (124.27 mi/s) and deal withscorching temperatures in excess of 1371 C (2500 F).
Coronal Mass Ejections (aka. solar flares) are a seriously hazardous thing. Whenever the Sun emits a burst of these charged particles, it can play havoc with electrical systems, aircraft and satellites here on Earth. Worse yet is the harm it can inflict on astronauts stationed aboard the ISS, who do not have the protection of Earths atmosphere. As such, it is obvious why scientists want to be able to predict these events better.
For this reason, the Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory and the Charles Stark Draper Laboratory a Cambridge, Massachusetts-based non-profit engineering organization are working to develop specialized sensors for NASAs proposed solar spacecraft. Launching in 2018, this spacecraft will fly into the Sun atmosphere and touch the face of the Sun to learn more about its behavior.
This spacecraft known as the Solar Probe Plus (SPP) is currently being designed and built by the Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory. Once it is launched, the SPP will use seven Venus flybys over nearly seven years to gradually shrink its orbit around the Sun. During this time, it will conduct 24 flybys of the Sun and pass into the Suns upper atmosphere (corona), passing within 6.4 million km (4 million mi) of its surface.
At this distance, it will have traveled 37.6 million km (23.36 million mi) closer to the Sun than any spacecraft in history. At the same time, it will set a new record for the fastest moving object ever built by human beings traveling at speeds of up to 200 km/sec (124.27 mi/s). And last but not least, it will be exposed to heat and radiation that no spacecraft has ever faced, which will include temperatures in excess of 1371 C (2500 F).
As Seamus Tuohy, the Director of the Space Systems Program Office at Draper, said in a CfA press release:
Such a mission would require a spacecraft and instrumentation capable of withstanding extremes of radiation, high velocity travel and the harsh solar conditionand that is the kind of program deeply familiar to Draper and the Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory.
In addition to being an historic first, this probe will provide new data on solar activity and help scientists develop ways of forecasting major space-weather events which impact life on Earth. This is especially important in an age when people are increasingly reliant on technology that can be negatively impacted by solar flares ranging from aircraft and satellites to appliances and electrical devices.
According to a recent study by the National Academy of Sciences, it is estimated that a huge solar event today could cause two trillion dollars in damage in the US alone and places like the eastern seaboard would be without power for up to a year. Without electricity to provide heating, utilities, light, and air-conditioning, the death toll from such an event would be significant.
As such, developing advanced warning systems that could reliably predict when a coronal mass ejection is coming is not just a matter of preventing damage, but saving lives. As Justin C. Kasper, the principal investigator at the Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory and a professor in space science at the University of Michigan, said:
[I]n addition to answering fundamental science questions, the intent is to better understand the risks space weather poses to the modern communication, aviation and energy systems we all rely on. Many of the systems we in the modern world rely onour telecommunications, GPS, satellites and power gridscould be disrupted for an extended period of time if a large solar storm were to happen today. Solar Probe Plus will help us predict and manage the impact of space weather on society.
To this end, the SPP has three major scientific objectives. First, it will seek to trace the flow of energy that heats and accelerates the solar corona and solar wind. Second, its investigators will attempt to determine the structure and dynamics of plasma and magnetic fields as the source of solar wind. And last, it will explore the mechanisms that accelerate and transport energetic particles specifically electrons, protons, and helium ions.
To do this, the SPP will be equipped with an advanced suite of instruments. One of the most important of these is the one built by the Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory with technical support from Draper. Known as the Faraday Cup and named after famous electromagnetic scientists Michael Faraday this device will be operated by SAO and the University of Michigan in Ann Arbor.
Designed to withstand interference from electromagnetic radiation, the Farady Cup will measure the velocity and direction of the Suns charged particles, and will be only two positioned outside of the SPPs protective sun shield another crucial component. Measuring 11.43 cm (4.5 inches) thick, this carbon composition shield will ensure that the probe can withstand the extreme conditions as it conducts its many flybys through the Suns corona.
Naturally, the mission presents several challenges, not the least of which will be capturing data while operating within an extreme environment, and while traveling at extreme speeds. But the payoff is sure to be worth it. For years, astronomers have studied the Sun, but never from inside the Suns atmosphere.
By flying through the birthplace of the highest-energy solar particles, the SPP is set to advance our understanding of the Sun and the origin and evolution of the solar wind. This knowledge could not only help us avoid a natural catastrophe here on Earth, but help advance our long-term goal of exploring (and even colonizing) the Solar System.
See original here:
NASA Is Sending a Spacecraft To Touch the Sun - Futurism
- Alzheimer's May Spread Through Blood Transfusions, Scientists Find - Futurism - April 2nd, 2024 [April 2nd, 2024]
- So Much Polar Ice Is Melting That It's Slowing Down the Earth's Rotation - Futurism - April 2nd, 2024 [April 2nd, 2024]
- Scientists Alarmed to Discover Microplastics in Ancient Archaeological Dig - Futurism - April 2nd, 2024 [April 2nd, 2024]
- Crazed CEOs Adding AI to Home Appliances - Futurism - April 2nd, 2024 [April 2nd, 2024]
- NASA's First Artemis Moon Astronauts Will Bring Small Greenhouse to Lunar Surface - Futurism - April 2nd, 2024 [April 2nd, 2024]
- Twitter Caught Selling Data to Government Spies While Complaining About Surveillance - Futurism - April 2nd, 2024 [April 2nd, 2024]
- Scientist Who Gene-Edited Human Babies Back in the Lab Again After Prison Release - Futurism - April 2nd, 2024 [April 2nd, 2024]
- Investigation Finds What Really Happens If You Actually Click Those PUSSYINBIO Links - Futurism - April 2nd, 2024 [April 2nd, 2024]
- Reddit's Stock Is Already Collapsing - Futurism - April 2nd, 2024 [April 2nd, 2024]
- Official NYC Chatbot Encouraging Small Businesses to Break the Law - Futurism - April 2nd, 2024 [April 2nd, 2024]
- Marineland Under Investigation Amid 17 Beluga Deaths - Futurism - April 2nd, 2024 [April 2nd, 2024]
- Experts Say Bridge Collapsed Because It Was Struck by Giant Ship - Futurism - April 2nd, 2024 [April 2nd, 2024]
- The James Webb's Beautiful Images Actually Arrive in Black and White - Futurism - April 2nd, 2024 [April 2nd, 2024]
- ChatGPT Use Linked to Memory Loss, Procrastination in Students - Futurism - April 2nd, 2024 [April 2nd, 2024]
- Rich People Hiking Mount Everest Now Forced to Bring Their Poop Back With Them - Futurism - April 2nd, 2024 [April 2nd, 2024]
- Cargo Giant That Took Out Bridge Had Silenced Whistleblower Who Warned About Safety - Futurism - April 2nd, 2024 [April 2nd, 2024]
- Sam Bankman-Fried Sentenced to 25 Years - Futurism - April 2nd, 2024 [April 2nd, 2024]
- Against All Odds, Japan's Toppled Moon Lander Is Still Alive - Futurism - April 2nd, 2024 [April 2nd, 2024]
- OpenAI Let Directors Make Short Films With Sora and the Results Are Wild - Futurism - April 2nd, 2024 [April 2nd, 2024]
- Google Pushing Its Unsafe Search AI on Users Who Didn't Opt In - Futurism - April 2nd, 2024 [April 2nd, 2024]
- Microsoft's Super Bowl AI Ad Will Get Dumbest People You Know Absolutely Hyped - Futurism - February 13th, 2024 [February 13th, 2024]
- Genes Aren't Actually the Blueprint of Life, Experts Say - Futurism - February 13th, 2024 [February 13th, 2024]
- Tesla Driver Says He's Not Sure If He Killed a Pedestrian Because He Was on Autopilot - Futurism - February 13th, 2024 [February 13th, 2024]
- Google Renames Its Forgettable AI in Fight to Stay Relevant - Futurism - February 13th, 2024 [February 13th, 2024]
- Sierra Space Reveals "Star Wars"-Looking New Spaceship - Futurism - February 13th, 2024 [February 13th, 2024]
- Sample From Distant Asteroid Shows Signs of Originating on Ocean World - Futurism - February 13th, 2024 [February 13th, 2024]
- Facebook Exec Warned Zuckerberg Might Have Panic Attack and Faint - Futurism - February 13th, 2024 [February 13th, 2024]
- Mounjaro Patients Show Hugely Improved Blood Pressure - Futurism - February 13th, 2024 [February 13th, 2024]
- Wait, Did Elon Musk Just Hint He's Going to Buy Disney? - Futurism - February 13th, 2024 [February 13th, 2024]
- Tesla Is Officially the Worst-Performing S&P 500 Stock of the Year - Futurism - February 13th, 2024 [February 13th, 2024]
- Massive European Satellite to Plummet Back Down to Earth Uncontrollably - Futurism - February 13th, 2024 [February 13th, 2024]
- "Pro Life Spider Man" Tries to Climb the Sphere in Las Vegas, Gets Immediately Arrested - Futurism - February 13th, 2024 [February 13th, 2024]
- Fusion Reactor Produces Record Amount of Energy in Final Experiment - Futurism - February 13th, 2024 [February 13th, 2024]
- If You Have Signs of Dementia, Doctors Found a Way to Help - Futurism - February 13th, 2024 [February 13th, 2024]
- Fusion Facility Generates Twice the Power Put Into It - Futurism - February 13th, 2024 [February 13th, 2024]
- Nicki Minaj, Who's Used AI, Decries Use of AI - Futurism - February 13th, 2024 [February 13th, 2024]
- NASA Spacecraft Swoops So Close to Io That It Can See Volcanic Eruptions - Futurism - February 13th, 2024 [February 13th, 2024]
- Harvard Scientist Presents New Evidence That Samples Are Alien Spacecraft - Futurism - February 13th, 2024 [February 13th, 2024]
- Transcript: The Futurist: The Rise of AI - The Washington Post - February 13th, 2024 [February 13th, 2024]
- Operator of AI-Powered Joe Biden Unmasked, Criminal Investigation Opened - Futurism - February 13th, 2024 [February 13th, 2024]
- Twitter Suddenly Suspends Journalists Critical of Elon Musk - Futurism - January 12th, 2024 [January 12th, 2024]
- Experts Warn Against Strip Mining the Moon - Futurism - January 12th, 2024 [January 12th, 2024]
- Satellites Show the East Coast Is Sinking - Futurism - January 12th, 2024 [January 12th, 2024]
- Millions of Plastic Pellets Wash Up on Shore - Futurism - January 12th, 2024 [January 12th, 2024]
- We'd Like to See the Chain of Custody on Elon Musk's Pee After the Drug Allegations - Futurism - January 12th, 2024 [January 12th, 2024]
- Scientists Working to Explain "Superstructures" on Ocean Floor - Futurism - January 12th, 2024 [January 12th, 2024]
- Gaping Hole in Boeing 737 Linked to Stuffing More Passengers Into Flights - Futurism - January 12th, 2024 [January 12th, 2024]
- Rejoice! Device That Sprays Your Butthole Now Connects to Alexa for Voice Control - Futurism - January 12th, 2024 [January 12th, 2024]
- Wizards of the Coast Denies "Magic: The Gathering" Art Was AI-Generated, Then Admits It Was - Futurism - January 12th, 2024 [January 12th, 2024]
- Zuckerberg Brags About Feeding Cows Macadamia Nuts and Beer at His Alleged Doomsday Bunker - Futurism - January 12th, 2024 [January 12th, 2024]
- People Close to Elon Musk Concerned About Alleged Drug Use, Slurring Words - Futurism - January 12th, 2024 [January 12th, 2024]
- SpaceX Sues Government Over Claim It Fired Employees for Criticizing Elon Musk - Futurism - January 12th, 2024 [January 12th, 2024]
- Tesla Admits Its Cars Have Shorter Driving Range Than It Claimed - Futurism - January 12th, 2024 [January 12th, 2024]
- Remember That Uber-Hyped "AI Pin" Startup? It's Already Doing Layoffs - Futurism - January 12th, 2024 [January 12th, 2024]
- The Mighty Cybertruck Keeps Getting Stuck in the Snow - Futurism - January 12th, 2024 [January 12th, 2024]
- Robotics Expert Says AI Hype Is Due for a Brutal Reality Check - Futurism - January 12th, 2024 [January 12th, 2024]
- Schoolteacher Finds Door Plug That Fell Off Boeing 737 in His Backyard - Futurism - January 12th, 2024 [January 12th, 2024]
- Experts Alarmed After Large Piece Blows Off Boeing 737 Mid-Flight - Futurism - January 12th, 2024 [January 12th, 2024]
- SpaceX Releases Bizarre Video in Attempt to Prove Elon Wasn't on Drugs - Futurism - January 12th, 2024 [January 12th, 2024]
- Scientists Have Been Studying Your Pee and They Finally Have Answers - Futurism - January 12th, 2024 [January 12th, 2024]
- What should we expect in 2024? We asked three futurists - ISRAEL21c - January 4th, 2024 [January 4th, 2024]
- Partiers Attempt to Celebrate New Year's Twice With Flight Between Time Zones, Accidentally Land in Wrong Year - Futurism - January 4th, 2024 [January 4th, 2024]
- Adopted Child Accused of Secretly Being an Adult Takes DNA Test to Prove Age - Futurism - January 4th, 2024 [January 4th, 2024]
- Congress Receiving Mysterious Classified Briefing About UFOs - Futurism - January 4th, 2024 [January 4th, 2024]
- Driver Injured in First Cybertruck Crash - Futurism - January 4th, 2024 [January 4th, 2024]
- Kiki Goti STIRred 2023 with striking visions of maximalism and neo-futurism - STIRpad - January 4th, 2024 [January 4th, 2024]
- Scary AI Can Look at Photos and Figure Out Exactly Where They Were Taken - Futurism - December 22nd, 2023 [December 22nd, 2023]
- Scientists Simulated Runaway Greenhouse Effect and It's Horrifying - Futurism - December 22nd, 2023 [December 22nd, 2023]
- Jeff Bezos Discusses Plans for a Trillion People to Live in Huge Cylindrical Space Stations - Futurism - December 22nd, 2023 [December 22nd, 2023]
- Car Dealership Disturbed When Its AI Is Caught Offering Chevys for $1 Each - Futurism - December 22nd, 2023 [December 22nd, 2023]
- DNA Tests Are a Fun Holiday Gift... Unless They Reveal a Horrifying Secret - Futurism - December 22nd, 2023 [December 22nd, 2023]
- NASA Proudly Shows Off Desiccated Tomatos Lost in Space Station Crevice - Futurism - December 22nd, 2023 [December 22nd, 2023]
- Man Horrified When Someone Uses AI to Reword and Republish All His Content, Complete With New Errors - Futurism - December 22nd, 2023 [December 22nd, 2023]
- DeepMind Says Its AI Solved a Math Problem That Humans Were Stumped By - Futurism - December 22nd, 2023 [December 22nd, 2023]
- Booze Affects Sperm More than a Month After Cessation in Mouse Research - Futurism - December 22nd, 2023 [December 22nd, 2023]
- There May Be Some Big Tech Names on the Unsealed Epstein List - Futurism - December 22nd, 2023 [December 22nd, 2023]
- Teslas Crash More Than Any Other Brand, Analysis Finds - Futurism - December 22nd, 2023 [December 22nd, 2023]
- Microsoft's Stuffing Talking Generative AI Into Your Car - Futurism - December 22nd, 2023 [December 22nd, 2023]
- Those Scam Texts You're Getting Are Sent By Victims of Human Trafficking - Futurism - December 22nd, 2023 [December 22nd, 2023]
- Tesla Driver Forced to Pay After Killing Two People on Autopilot - Futurism - December 22nd, 2023 [December 22nd, 2023]