Daily Archives: March 18, 2021

This terrible moment has to be as important as Me Too or Black Lives Matter: it embodies both – Evening Standard

Posted: March 18, 2021 at 12:42 am

I

ts hard to write anything truly original in the wake of Sarah Everards death. The shiver of recognition. The suppressed memories which came flooding back. Mine was a black cab driver. I was in my early twenties and drunk. He told me I was coming back to his for some fun. I remember realising I couldnt run as I was wearing really stupid high heels. I started sobbing and begged him to let me out. He eventually did and I was grateful. Gratefulto a strange man for terrifying me to death, then having the decency not to hurt me. I even thanked him. And told him to keep the change.

Not all men goes the hashtag. True. But some men. And quite a lot of them. And every woman has her own story. Sarahs death has sparked an important harrowing national conversation. But we will only honour her memory by facing up to some uncomfortable truths about violence against women and girls.

Its never just a one-off. Its a spectrum of behaviour which includes harassment, stalking, flashing, kerb crawling, rape and domestic violence. Sarah was a pretty, white professional woman. There are so many others who are missing from black and Asian communities who we know nothing about, like Blessing Olusegun, Nicole Smallman and Bibaa Henry. Its hard enough for white affluent women to come forward and report crimes like rape or domestic violence and be taken seriously, but its even worse for women from minority ethnic communities. Many feel shame, fear ostracisation, many have language barriers and are scared that they will be reported to the Home Office as an illegal immigrant rather than be treated as a victim of crime.

Sadly, there is deep distrust of the police and criminal justice system if you are black or Asian. But after the events of the last week, that lack of confidence is now widely shared by white women too. Many young women I spoke to who were at Clapham Common on Saturday night dont want the police to be involved in the reporting of sexual assault at all. They want an agency or specially trained charity which will understand them as a victim and have some compassion, not accuse them of being drunk or ask to trawl through their phone.

We are all horrified at plummeting rape prosecutions, yet the system is rigged against women from the crime scene to the courtroom. As someone who specialised in womens issues as a government adviser 14 years ago, I feel utterly depressed the clock has gone back. But we have to look for a glimmer of hope and for me that is the activism of the women who went to Clapham Common and the action of women in parliament. We need our female politicians from across all parties to work together. Last nights controversial policing bill will now go to the Lords who on a cross-party basis have greatly improved the Domestic Abuse Bill. This has got to be a moment where something changes. What is the point of having record numbers of female legislators if they cant, or wont, make life better for women and girls in the country on the most basic of needs safety.

But what about men? Well of course, they should change their behaviour, but the definition of insanity is doing the same thing over again and expecting a different result. Women cant rely on men alone for change. We cannot be passive and play nice. We have to be noisy, demanding and a nuisance. This terrible moment has to be as important as Me Too or Black Lives Matter because it embodies both.

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This terrible moment has to be as important as Me Too or Black Lives Matter: it embodies both - Evening Standard

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Graffiti On Black Lives Matter Marquee At Maryland Middle School Being Investigated As Hate Crime – CBS Baltimore

Posted: at 12:41 am

Meteorologist Chelsea Ingram Has An Updated Look At Your ForecastMeteorologist Chelsea Ingram Has An Updated Look At Your Forecast

Severna Park Osprey Cam Goes Live For The SeasonSeverna Park Osprey Cam Goes Live For The Season

Man In Cardiac Arrest Dies After Accident Along The JFX Near Charles StreetMan In Cardiac Arrest Dies After Accident Along The JFX Near Charles Street

Baltimore County Police Searching For Vehicle Involved In February Fatal Hit-And-Run Crash On Pulaski HighwayBaltimore County Police are searching for the vehicle involved in a hit-and-run crash that killed a 26-year-old woman in late February.

Baltimore County Police Searching For Missing Towson University Football PlayerBaltimore County Police are asking for the public's help locating a missing 22-year-old who hasn't been seen since Monday morning.

Baltimore City Lifts COVID Capacity Limits To 50% For Indoor Dining, Other Businesses, 75% For Outdoor DiningBaltimore Mayor Brandon Scott on Wednesday announced the loosening of a number of COVID-19 restrictions in the city effective later this month.

Baltimore County Police Shoot Suspect Outside Baltimore Police Department Southwest PrecinctBaltimore County Police detectives investigating a case shot a suspect Wednesday afternoon who appeared to display a handgun, officials said.

Gov. Larry Hogan Visits Guinness Open Gate Brewery On St. Patrick's DayGov. Larry Hogan Visits Guinness Open Gate Brewery On St. Patrick's Day

Baltimore Buzz: Happy St. Patrick's Day!Nicole and Denise share what's buzzing in Baltimore.

Baltimore Farm Teaches Adults How To Grow Their Own FoodBaltimore Farm Teaches Adults How To Grow Their Own Food

rsted Completes First Phase Of Building Offshore Wind Staging Center At Tradepoint Atlanticrsted announced Wednesday it successfully completed the initial phases of Maryland's first offshore wind staging area center at Tradepoint Atlantic in Baltimore County.

Advocates Ask Maryland Lawmakers To Pass Bill Removing Statute Of Limitations For Child Sex AbuseAdvocates Ask Maryland Lawmakers To Pass Bill Removing Statute Of Limitations For Child Sex Abuse

White Supremacist Propaganda Hits All-Time High, Anti-Defamation League SaysWhite Supremacist Propaganda Hits All-Time High, Anti-Defamation League Says

Ocean City Maryland To Have Weekly Drone Shows This SummerOcean City Maryland To Have Weekly Drone Shows This Summer

Traffic Moving On I-83 Again Following Multiple CrashesTraffic Moving On I-83 Again Following Multiple Crashes

Chelsea Ingram Has A Look At Your Wednesday Evening ForecastGet that umbrella out; Thursday is going to be soggy!

Police On Scene Of Shooting In SW BaltimorePolice On Scene Of Shooting In SW Baltimore

Moderna To Expand Vaccine Trials To Younger ChildrenA Baltimore pediatrician was among those who helped write the safety guides on how the trials will be conducted.

Baltimore Mayor Brandon Scott Loosens More COVID-19 Restrictions In CityBaltimore Mayor Brandon Scott on Wednesday announced the loosening of a number of COVID-19 restrictions in the city effective later this month.

Real Food Farm Works To Grow Food For Low-Income Families, Teach Adults About Harvesting CropsWith the COVID-19 pandemic keeping many of us cooped up at home, it's the perfect time to learn how to cook.

Baltimore Mayor Brandon Scott Loosens COVID-19 Rules, Gets VaccineBaltimore Mayor Brandon Scott Loosens COVID-19 Rules, Gets Vaccine

Feeling Stressed About Heading Back To Work? You're Not Alone, Experts SayAs COVID-19 restrictions are eased and Marylanders start to head back to work, some may be feeling a little anxiety about the return to in-person life.

Marylanders Celebrate St. Patrick's Day In Different Fashion Amid COVID-19 PandemicMarylanders Celebrate St. Patrick's Day In Different Fashion Amid COVID-19 Pandemic

Howard County Library System Reopening With Limited Capacity April 5Howard County Library System Reopening With Limited Capacity April 5

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Graffiti On Black Lives Matter Marquee At Maryland Middle School Being Investigated As Hate Crime - CBS Baltimore

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AMResorts Launches On-Site Testing in the Caribbean – Caribbean Journal

Posted: at 12:40 am

AMResorts has launched a new on-site testing program at its properties, including those in the Caribbean.

Private hospital network Hospiten will be administering the tests, which can be scheduled at each resort by the concierge.

The tests help guests comply with the CDCs testing requirements for returning travelers.

AMResorts has also launched a program that covers the cost of hotel quarantine for guests for up to 14 days, in the event that a guest tests positive.

AMResorts branded properties will do all they can to help guests navigate new travel requirements and logistics, said Gonzalo del Pen, Group President for AMResorts Americas & Global Commercial. With an increasing number of countries requiring a negative COVID-19 test result prior to entry, it is important that guests have an easy, hassle-free way to secure test results within the comfort and safety of AMResorts branded properties.

The new program is an expansion of AMResorts CleanComplete+ health and safety protocols, which launched last summer.

For more, visit AMResorts.

CJ

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COVID-19 and the Learning Crisis in Latin America and the Caribbean: How Can We Prevent a Tragedy? – World Bank Group

Posted: at 12:40 am

Losing an entire year of schooling can mean the difference between a bright future and a life derailed. That is what is happening to millions of children in Latin America. Hopes and dreams for a better life can be squashed forever unless we act now.

We face the biggest crisis ever seen for education in Latin America and the Caribbean. Most schools have been closed for almost a year because of COVID-19. We can already see the damage in terms of education outcomes, human capital, and the productivity of an entire generation.

First, lets look at the damage, and then turn to the most pressing question: What do we need to do to prevent this crisis from turning into a tragedy?

As of February 2021, about 120 million of the regions school-age children had already lost or were at risk of losing an entire academic year of presential education due to the measures to contain the pandemic, according to a new World Bank report Acting now to protect the human capital of our children. The costs of and response to the COVID-19 pandemic impact to the education sector in Latin America and the Caribbean.

And while governments sought to reach those students through online learning and other multi-modal solutions, far too many are simply falling through the cracks. Schools and families often werent ready to make the transition. For example, only about 77 percent of 15-year-old students in LAC have access to the internet at home, and this challenge has been much starker for disadvantaged groups. In Peru, Mexico, Panama, and Colombia, for example, barely 14, 19, 24 and 25 percent of students in the bottom quintile have Internet access at home, respectively.

The expected impact of the pandemic on learning and other education outcomes is staggering and tremendously unequal. Latin America and the Caribbean faced a learning crisis even before the pandemic. Learning Poverty defined as the percentage of 10-year-olds that cannot read and understand a simple text was already very high at 51 percent in the region. In addition, the region already had the worlds widest inequity in student access to quality education. For example, in Brazil, Learning Poverty in the state of Sao Paulo was 27 percent, while it reached 70 percent in the state of Maranho.

The pandemic has just made this worse. At least 15 percent of students may never go back to school. Learning losses will likely be substantially larger for children in the lowest income quintile, widening the already high socio-economic education achievement gap by 12 percent. The earlier reopening of private schools vis--vis public schools in some countries is only contributing to this increase.

While things were bad before, they stand to get a lot worse unless we do something about it right now. Learning Poverty could increase by more than 20 percent from a baseline of 51 percent, up to 62.5 percent, equivalent to an increase of roughly 7.6 million learning poor. After 10 months of school closures (the entire academic year), more than 2 out of 3 lower secondary education students (71 percent) may not be able to understand a text of moderate length, compared to 55 percent before the pandemic. This could increase to 77 percent if schools stay closed for another three months into the beginning of the 2021 school year.

These outcomes also have direct costs, both to the students individual potential and to future productivity for their countries. For example, learning losses may translate into a drop in future potential aggregate earnings for the region of US$1.7 trillion, about 10 percent of total baseline earnings, and equivalent to about 16 percent of the regional GDP.

On top of all this, economic distress for families and the interruption of services students used to receive at schools including meals for 10 million students in the region are harming students physical, mental, and emotional health.

Governments and everyone involved in our regions education need to act now to mitigate the damage, investing to recover from the huge learning losses and taking advantage of the opportunity for change to build better education systems for our children.

That means getting ready for safe and effective school reopening country-wide and ensuring that sufficient funding is allocated for this. So, what to do?

While the challenges are enormous, the potential is also enormous to build back education systems even better than before. The pandemic opens a once-in-a-lifetime window of opportunity for long overdue investments in technology to close the digital divide; in teachers, investing in the professionalization of their careers and giving them the tools they need to fulfill their increasingly complex roles; and in supporting the roles of parents and communities in the educational process. This might happen faster and better (some mental barriers regarding teachers ability to adapt to new technologies are now lower, for example). These investments must build upon the immediate response. Our critical policy challenge is to make sure that this window of opportunity is not lost, and countries use this momentous crisis as THE opportunity to start seeing a turning point in addressing the learning crisis.

COVID-19 could be an opportunity to transform education systems and develop a new vision where learning happens for everyone, everywhere. But this requires prioritizing financial investments in education and huge political will. The future depends on us doing it right.

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Why Pirates of the Caribbean 4 Was Banned In China | Screen Rant – Screen Rant

Posted: at 12:40 am

Pirates of the Caribbean's fourth installment On Stranger Tides narrowly avoided a ban in China, but why did the blockbuster earn the ire of censors?

Much like the third installment of the Pirates of the Caribbean series, the fourth film On Stranger Tides wasinitially almost banned in Chinabut censors objected to this 2011 sequel fora different, odder reason. Beginning in 2003 with The Ring helmer Gore Verbinskis surprise sleeper hit The Curse of the Black Pearl, the Pirates of the Caribbean movies soon became one of the twenty-first centurys most enduringly popular blockbuster franchises despite the middling quality of later installments.

The hugepopularityof series star Johnny Depps Jack Sparrow ensured that audiences flocked to see the Pirates of the Caribbean sequels, but not everyone was thrilled with the swashbuckling adventure movies. The third Pirates of the Caribbean movie, the original trilogy closer At Worlds End, was nearly denied a release in China due to the movies depiction of the region as a crime-ridden underworld.

Related:POTC: Jack Sparrows Missing Scars Made His Backstory Darker

ChowYun-Fats depictionof Captain Sao Feng as a villainous murderer ensured that Pirates of the Caribbean: At Worlds End, like many blockbusters and almost all James Bond movies, was almost notgranted a release in China. However, the next film in the series, 2011s belated sequel On Stranger Tides, didntcenter on China at all and still managed to earn the ire of the films censorship board, with thePirates of the Caribbean installmentalmost being denied a release. Unlike the third films ban (and a lot of blockbuster censorship), this was not actually due to a political issue. The Chinese censors didnt care forOn Stranger Tides' plot frequently referencing ghosts, the occult, and the afterlife, something would later contribute to numerous high-profile flops like R.I.P.D and Ghostbusters.

While its not common for Chinese censors to ban movies for flippantly depicting ghosts, revival, and occult practices, its not unheard of given the conservative views held by some of the countrys citizens. More often than not, movies thatcenter around ghosts and the afterlife are given the option of a Chinese cinematic release but typically underperform due to widespread public disinterest in the themes. This was eventually the caseforOn Stranger Tides, as the fourth Pirates of the Caribbean outing wasgranteda cinema release but nearlybanned, perhaps due to the third film leaving a lingering distaste for the countrys censors.

That said, it was likely not impossible for Chinese viewers to get their hands on a copy of Pirates of the Caribbean: On Stranger Tideseven before its eventual release, as the countrys booming pirate DVD trade (ironically) meant few films were unavailable for viewingeven if they didnot secure a formal theatrical release. The fact thatPirates of the Caribbean'sthird sequelOn Stranger Tides was not outright banned, along with the next years loosening on James Bond censorship (with 2012s Skyfall being edited rather than denied a release), illustrated the increasingly lax approach to censorship in the nation.

More:POTC: Why Cutler Beckett Left Davy Jones Heart On The Flying Dutchman

Venom 2 Release Delayed To September

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Royal Caribbean teases update coming is "the news we’ve all been waiting for" – Royal Caribbean Blog

Posted: at 12:40 am

Royal Caribbean says something big could be announced on Wednesday.

Travel agents received an email about a new webinar scheduled for Wednesday with "some hot off the press updates."

Royal Caribbean's Senior Vice President, Sales, Trade Support and Service, Vicki Freed, told travel agents to attend a webinar that strongly hints at a big announcement.

"I guarantee this is a session you will not want to miss out on - I'd say this is the news we've all been waiting for!"

The invitation did not disclose what the topic or scope of the announcement could be, but the wording is very clear that it is significant.

There are plenty of possible topics this webinar could tackle, including an update on when test cruises might start, revenue sailing restart plans, new health protocols, ship deployments, and more.

UPDATE:A new email from Ms. Freed points to a new homeport for Royal Caribbean.

It is unknown if Royal Caribbean's decision to redeploy Mariner of the Seas beginning in October 2021 has anything to do with the announcement.

It has long been speculated that the first Royal Caribbean ships to restart sailings in North America are likely to be short sailings to the Bahamas, and Mariner of the Seas has offered those types of cruises.

Moreover, if there is any connection between the newly redeployed Mariner sailings and restarting cruises, Royal Caribbean can get around the problem of having to figure out a way around needing to maintain a reduced capacity without canceling certain reservations and not others.

Stay tuned to RoyalCaribbeanBlog.com for details on anything Royal Caribbean announces.

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US Insists Its Committed To Haiti – Caribbean and Latin America Daily News – News Americas

Posted: at 12:40 am

News Americas, WASHINGTON, D.C., Weds. Mar. 17, 2021: Facing mounting criticism of its response to the crisis in Haiti, the US on Tuesday reiterated it is committed to helping the Caribbean country.

The comment at a State Department Press conference came after a reporter asked a question about the US position in light of the fact that Russia has expressed its intent to help Haiti restore political stability amid the ongoing violence there.

Jalina Porter, Principal Deputy Spokesperson of the U.S. State Department stated: Well, again, what Ill Ill just say Ill just stress our commitment to the people of Haiti. The United States is committed to helping the Haitian people to build a better future.

She also noted that in January, the US announced an additional $75.5 million for Haiti, to help in a wide range of issues, which includes democratic governance, health, education, and agricultural development.

Her comments came as #FreeHaiti continues to make waves on social media and as the countrys President, Jovenel Mose, who many say is clinging to power beyond the legal end of his term last month, has asked the Organization of American States (OAS) for assistance to deal with the security crisis in the French-speaking Caribbean nation, days after the death of four police officers in a botched raid.

Mose asked for help on Monday when he met with OAS Secretary-General Luis Almagro to discuss security.

Their discussion came on the same day that an extraordinary Council of Ministers met at the National Palace and adopted a decree to revise State of Emergency legislation to give the Superior Council of the National Police (CSPN) the means to combat banditry and crime, and to empower the PNH and the Armed Forces of Haiti (FADH) to work in synergy to combat insecurity.

Four police officers were killed and eight injured in an attempted raid on the gang stronghold in the Village de Dieu slum, in the capital of Oort-au-Prince, where kidnapping victims are often kept. Their armored vehicles and high-calibre automatic weapons were also seized. President Mose denounced the acts as a declaration of war against society.

The US Embassy in Haiti on Monday said a group known as Fantom 509 is active throughout Port-au-Prince and is known for its violent actions.

Maria Vladimirovna Zakharova, the spokesman and director of the information and press department of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Russian Federation, said last week thatRussia can help Haiti restore political stability, secure the country and train its law enforcement.

As a permanent member of the United Nations Security Council, were closely following the events in Haiti, it raises our concern, Zakharova said. Currently, this Caribbean country is going through a new cycle of political instability that has lasted for more than a quarter of a century.

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Tooting brothers who took a Caribbean food business from 500 to national success during lockdown – My London

Posted: at 12:40 am

Two brothers from South London have taken a Caribbean cuisine business from 500 to a national distribution network - and done it all during the pandemic.

Troy and Jarrell Johnson, who were born and raised in Tooting, are the founders of Juici Jerk, a food business that has managed to thrive during the challenging times of the pandemic.

The brothers have stumbled upon a successful system of bringing the restaurant experience into the homes of the UK public.

But it's not always been easy.

"Starting with 500 seems like a lifetime ago," said Troy. "Neither of us had any business experience. We grew up in a traditional Caribbean household with a big family and something was always cooking in the kitchen.

"We got the 500 to cook chicken in a jerk van, we bought a few fryers and some other things and it really took off from there.

"We used Snapchat and managed to put our name out there and then people started calling us asking if they could get some chicken. That's when we thought 'hold on, we cold be onto something here'."

Once the company took off, Juici Jerk were mainly catering to corporate kitchen events, snagging their first big contract with Halfords.

"At this point we were still at my mum's house in Tooting cooking all the food," said Troy. "She was trying to kick out telling us 'it's getting a bit silly now boys!'" Troy joked. "But we still didn't really know what we were doing."

The Johnson's moved the operation to a shared kitchen in Streatham five days a week and focused on events when the pandemic struck.

"Almost overnight they all got cancelled," said Troy. "Deliveroo took 35 per cent of every order and it became impossible top keep our head above water. That's when we came up with the idea of meal kits.

The initiative that's helped Juici Jerk to expand are its meal kits, which provide a restaurant experience at home.

They are pre-cooked meals delivered to an address with a step by step booklet on how to prepare it.

"Someone even ordered one from Edinburgh!" said Troy.

Troy also spoke out about the difficulty of being black men in the food industry and how there is not enough representation of black cuisines.

"We had done a few street food residencies in food markets but they never allow two Caribbean food stalls or black food stall in the market at the same time.

"They say they want to increase diversity but have four burger spots in the same market. I know of black owned businesses who have tried and failed to get places at markets because of this.

"If Caribbean food is not in your face on Deliveroo, no one seems to be able to order it."

This, among other things emanating from the Black Lives Matter movement, inspired the Johnson brothers to help other black-owned businesses by raising money to offer them 1,000 grants.

"Black Lives Matter was strong," said Troy. "Businesses and corporations saw the need to update their practices so we launched a GoFundMe and are working with some big names to raise 10,000 so we can help elevate black businesses and help them grow.

"Sometimes it's like 'how have we got here without any investment?'

Everything we do, we do ourselves. It's good to give back and help someone on their way.

"Our parents are proud, they are waiting for us to buy them a house!"

Troy said that once the pandemic calms down and life returns to normal they will try to release a new range of products including sauces.

"I know it sounds cliche but to anyone out there starting a company - don't give up.

"We've hit so many barriers and the reason we're seeing success now is because we persevered."

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The key to making AI green is quantum computing – The Next Web

Posted: at 12:39 am

Weve painted ourselves into another corner with artificial intelligence. Were finally starting to breakthrough the usefulness barrier but were butting up against the limits of our our ability to responsibly meet our machines massive energy requirements.

At the current rate of growth, it appears well have to turn Earth into Coruscant if we want to keep spending unfathomable amounts of energy training systems such as GPT-3 .

The problem: Simply put, AI takes too much time and energy to train. A layperson might imagine a bunch of code on a laptop screen when they think about AI development, but the truth is that many of the systems we use today were trained on massive GPU networks, supercomputers, or both. Were talking incredible amounts of power. And, worse, it takes a long time to train AI.

The reason AI is so good at the things its good at, such as image recognition or natural language processing, is because it basically just does the same thing over and over again, making tiny changes each time, until it gets things right. But were not talking about running a few simulations. It can take hundreds or even thousands of hours to train up a robust AI system.

One expert estimated that GPT-3, a natural language processing system created by OpenAI, would cost about $4.6 million to train. But that assumes one-shot training. And very, very few powerful AI systems are trained in one fell swoop. Realistically, the total expenses involved in getting GPT-3 to spit out impressively coherent gibberish are probably in the hundreds-of-millions.

GPT-3 is among the high-end abusers, but there are countless AI systems out there sucking up hugely disproportionate amounts of energy when compared to standard computation models.

The problem? If AI is the future, under the current power-sucking paradigm, the future wont be green. And that may mean we simply wont have a future.

The solution: Quantum computing.

An international team of researchers, including scientists from the University of Vienna, MIT, Austria, and New York, recentlypublishedresearch demonstrating quantum speed-up in a hybrid artificial intelligence system.

In other words: they managed to exploit quantum mechanics in order to allow AI to find more than one solution at the same time. This, of course, speeds up the training process.

Per the teams paper:

The crucial question for practical applications is how fast agents learn. Although various studies have made use of quantum mechanics to speed up the agents decision-making process, a reduction in learning time has not yet been demonstrated.

Here we present a reinforcement learning experiment in which the learning process of an agent is sped up by using a quantum communication channel with the environment. We further show that combining this scenario with classical communication enables the evaluation of this improvement and allows optimal control of the learning progress.

How?

This is the cool part. They ran 10,000 models through 165 experiments to determine how they functioned using classical AI and how they functioned when augmented with special quantum chips.

And by special, that is to say, you know how classical CPUs process via manipulation of electricity? The quantum chips the team used were nanophotonic, meaning they use light instead of electricity.

The gist of the operation is that in circumstance where classical AI bogs down solving very difficult problems (think: supercomputer problems), they found thehybrid-quantum system outperformed standard models.

Interestingly, when presented with less difficult challenges, the researchers didnt not observe anyperformance boost. Seems like you need to get it into fifth gear before you kick in the quantum turbocharger.

Theres still a lot to be done before we can roll out the old mission accomplished banner. The teams work wasnt the solution were eventually aiming for, but more of a small-scale model of how it could work once we figure out how to apply their techniques to larger, real problems.

You can read the whole paper here on Nature.

H/t: Shelly Fan, Singularity Hub

Published March 17, 2021 19:41 UTC

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Not seeing results from AI? Engineering may be the missing piece – Healthcare IT News

Posted: at 12:39 am

There's no doubt that one of the hottest topics in healthcare right now is artificial intelligence. The promise of AI is exciting: It has helped identify cancerous images in radiology, found diabetes via retinal scans and predicted patient mortality risk, just to name a few examples of the medical advances it can deliver.

But the paths healthcare systems go down to make AI a reality are often flawed resulting in a dabbling of AI with no measurable results. When the wrong path is taken, they end up with AI "solutions" to perceived problems without being able to verify if those problems are, in fact, real or measurable.

Vendors often turn on AI solutions then walk away, leaving health systems unsure of how to use these new insights within the bounds of their old workflows. And these tools are often deployed without the engineering rigor to make sure this new technology is testable or resilient.

The result? These potential AI insights are often ignored, marginally helpful, quickly outdated, or at worst harmful. But who's to know?

One common AI solution that is often a source of excitement among health systems and vendors alike is early sepsis detection.

In fact, finding septic patients happened to be my first assignment at Penn Medicine. The idea was that if we could find patients at risk of sepsis earlier, there were treatments that could be applied, resulting (we thought) in lives saved.

Coming from a background in missile defense, I naively thought this would be an easy task to create. There was a "find the missile, shoot the missile" similarity that seemed intuitive.

My team developed one of the top-performing sepsis models ever created. [1] It was validated, deployed and it resulted in more lab tests and faster ICU transfers yet it produced zero patient outcome changes.

It turns out that Penn Medicine was already good at finding septic patients, and that this state-of-the-art algorithm wasn't, in fact, needed at all. Had we gone through the full engineering process that's now in place at Penn Medicine, we would've found no evidence that the original problem statement, "find septic patients" was a problem at all.

This engineering design effort would have saved many months of work and the deployment of a system that was ultimately distracting.

Over the last few years, hundreds of claims of successful AI implementations have been made by vendors and health systems alike. So why is it that only a handful of the resulting studies have been able to show actual value? [2]

The issue is that many health systems try to solve healthcare problems by simply configuring vendor products. What's missed in this approach is the engineering rigor needed to design a complete solution, one that includes technology, human workflow, measurable value and long-term operational capability.

This vendor-first approach is often siloed, with independent teams assigned isolated tasks, and the completion of those tasks becomes how project success is measured.

Success, then, is firmly task-based, not value-based. Linking these tasks (or projects) to the measures that actually matter - lives saved, dollars saved - is difficult, and requires a comprehensive engineering approach.

Understanding whether these projects are working, how well they are working (or if they were ever needed to begin with), is not typically measured. The incomplete way of looking at it is: If AI technology is deployed, success is claimed, the project is complete. The engineering required to both define and measure value is not there.

Getting value from healthcare AI is a problem that requires a nuanced, thoughtful and long-term solution. Even the most useful AI technology can abruptly stop performing when hospital workflows change.

For example, a readmission risk model at Penn Medicine suddenly showed a subtle reduction in risk scores. The culprit? An accidental EHR configuration change. Because a complete solution had been engineered, the data feed was being monitored and the teams were able to quickly communicate and correct the EHR change.

We estimate that these types of situations have arisen approximately twice a year, for each predictive model deployed. So ongoing monitoring of the system, the workflow, and the data is needed, even during operations.

For AI in healthcare to reach its potential, health systems must expand their energies beyond clinical practice, and focus on total ownership of all AI solutions. Rigorous engineering, with clearly defined outcomes tied directly to measurable value, will be the foundation on which to build all successful AI programs.

Value must be defined in terms of lives saved, dollars saved, or patient/clinical satisfaction. The health systems that will realize success from AI will be the ones who carefully define their problems, measure evidence of those problems, and form experiments to connect the hypothesized interventions to better outcomes.

Successful health systems will understand that rigorous design processes are needed to properly scale their solutions in operations, and be willing to consider both the technologies and human workflows as part of the engineering process.

Like Blockbuster, which now famously failed to rethink the way it delivered movies health systems who refuse to see themselves as engineering houses are at risk of drastically falling behind in their ability to properly leverage AI technology.

It's one thing to make sure websites and email servers are working, it's quite another to make sure the health system is optimizing care for heart failure.

One is an IT service, the other is a complete product solution that requires a comprehensive team of clinicians, data scientists, software developers, and engineers, as well as clearly defined metrics of success: lives and/or dollars saved.

[1] Giannini, H. M., Chivers, C., Draugelis, M., Hanish, A., Fuchs, B., Donnelly, P., & Mikkelsen, M. E. (2017). Development and Implementation of a Machine-Learning Algorithm for Early Identification of Sepsis in A Multi-Hospital Academic Healthcare System. American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine. 195.

[2] The Digital Reconstruction of Health Care, John Halamka, MD, MS & Paul Cerrato, MA, NEJM Catalyst Innovations in Care Delivery 2020; 06

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1056/CAT.20.0082

Mike Draugelis is chief data scientist at Penn Medicine, where he leads its Predictive Healthcare team.

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Not seeing results from AI? Engineering may be the missing piece - Healthcare IT News

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