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Category Archives: Online Gambling

Gambling in India – Wikipedia

Posted: November 27, 2022 at 2:25 pm

Indian social issue

Gambling in India varies by state; states in India are entitled to formulate their own laws for gambling activities. Some states like Goa have legalised casinos. Common gambling activities like organized betting are restricted except for selective categories including lottery and horse racing.

In the 21st century, more people have started making cash bets upon prohibited betting and gambling activities in India. Critics of gambling claim that it leads to crime, corruption, and money laundering. However, proponents of regulated gambling argue that it can be a huge source of revenue for the state. Casinos in Goa contributed Rs. 135 crores to the state revenue in 2013.[1]Recently published research revealed that Maharashtra state supplies the most online casino players in the country.13

Casinos now operate in Goa, Daman, and Sikkim.

Gambling is a state subject, and only states in India are entitled to formulate laws for gambling activities within their respective states. The Public Gambling Act of 1867 is a central law that prohibits running or being in charge of a public gambling house.[2] The penalty for breaking this law is a fine of 200 or imprisonment of up to 3 months. The Act also prohibits visiting gambling houses. A fine of 100 or imprisonment of up to one month is the penalty.

Indian law classifies games into two broad categories viz. game of skill and game of chance. The Supreme Court of India has held[3][4]

The game of Rummy is not a game entirely of chance like the three-card game mentioned in the Madras case to which we were referred. The three cards game which goes under different names such as flush, brag etc. is a game of pure chance. Rummy, on the other hand, requires a certain amount of skill because the fall of the cards has to be memorised and the building up of Rummy requires considerable skill in holding and discarding cards. We cannot, therefore, say that the game of Rummy is a game of entire chance. It is mainly and preponderantly a game of skill.

The Information Technology Act 2000 regulates cyber activities in India does not mention the word Gambling or Betting thereby the act was left for interpretation by the Courts which have refused to examine the matter. Further, online gambling is a banned offence in the state of Maharashtra under the "Bombay Wager Act".

Only three states, Goa, Daman and Sikkim, allow casinos. There are two casinos in Sikkim called Casino Sikkim and Casino Mahjong and ten in Goa, of which six are land-based and four are floating casinos that operate on the Mandovi River. The floating casinos in Goa are Casino Deltin Royale, Casino Deltin JAQK, Casino Pride, and Casino Pride 2. While the first two are controlled by the Deltin Group, the latter two are managed by the Pride Group. According to the Goa, Daman and Diu Public Gambling Act, 1976 casinos can be set up only at five-star hotels or offshore vessels with the prior permission of the government. This has led the Deltin Group to open the first land-based Casino in Daman which is open now. News reports also suggest that Visakhapatnam is also being looked on as the next casino destination.[5]

Online gambling is in its infancy in India:

In 2010, Sikkim planned to offer three online gambling licences. By 2022 online gambling is only officially legal in the states of Goa, Daman and Sikkim. Sikkim also permits an online lottery, which takes bets from players throughout India. It was expected that other states would follow Sikkim, thereby opening up a major online gambling market aka Satta Matka throughout India.[7]

Even though Indian casinos cannot promote or have sites that promote online gambling games such as casinos, sports betting, and bingo, it is not illegal for non-Indian casino companies (so-called offshore companies) to have sites that focus on Indian players. The only legal requirement is that the offshore casinos have to offer Indian Rupees as a payment method for Indian players. Although this is not accurate anymore since January 2020 as the states Telangana and Andhra Pradesh banned all online gambling for Indians. Anyone breaking this new law will receive up to one year in prison or a fine.

Despite the existing prohibitive legislations, there is extensive illegal gambling throughout the country. The Indian gambling market is estimated to be worth US$60 billion per year, of which about half is illegally bet.[8] According to the Indian National Newspaper, the chief executive officer for the International Cricket Council (ICC) said he was in favour of legalising betting in sports. He believes the illegal funds profited are through underground bookies that used the money to fund terrorism and drugs. Several Indian institutions have suggested that betting should be regulated and taxed. These include the Committee on Reforms in Cricket in 2015, the Law Commission of India in 2018 and court judgements from the Supreme Court.[9] Many Indian professionals, as well as online forums, have urged the government to introduce legal but regulated gambling in India to bring the gambling economy out of the grip of mafia and underground dons.[10]

The Public Gambling Act of 1867 - An Act to provide for the punishment of public gambling and the keeping of common gaming houses in India.[11]

The Prize Competition Act of 1955 - The Prize Competition Act was passed by Parliament in 1955 to restrict gambling activities that awarded prizes as winnings. According to the Prize Competition Act, any prize competition where a prize is offered on solving a puzzle, number, alphabet, crossword, missing word, or picture prize competitions, where the winnings more than 1,000 Rupees shall be banned.

The Information Technology Act of 2000 - This law regulates cyber activities in India and does not include any information about gambling or betting. Thus, this document was left for interpretation by the Courts, but they have refused to consider the matter.

In 2022, the Indian government announced its plan on creating a new gaming bill to replace the Public Gambling Act of 1867.[12]

One of the biggest obstacles faced by sports bettors in India is the fact that depositing foreign bookies is extremely difficult. Typically, the majority of users deposit to online bookies using Moneybookers or Neteller. Some attempts to deposit using a Visa or MasterCard may fail. The same is true of online bank transfers. In order to circumvent these blocks, savvy internet users have started to use e-wallet services for depositing. These services, enable users to fund an online betting account in Rupees. This is important because it avoids legal issues that may have arisen out of F.E.M.A Foreign Exchange law.

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Gambling in India - Wikipedia

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Best Online Gambling For Real Money Games In 2022 – News 3 WTKR Norfolk

Posted: at 2:25 pm

  1. Best Online Gambling For Real Money Games In 2022  News 3 WTKR Norfolk
  2. Best Online Gambling Sites: 14 Gambling Websites Ranked by Real Money Gambling Options, Promos, and More  Arizona's Family
  3. Let's take a deeper look at our best online gambling sites.  WBRC
  4. Best Online Casino USA: Top 5 Online Gambling Sites And Casino Games In 2022  Analytics Insight
  5. 6 Benefits Online Gambling Brings To Players  Salon Priv Magazine
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Best Online Gambling Sites 2022 – Online Gambling USA – Business 2 Community

Posted: November 16, 2022 at 11:21 pm

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  3. Best Online Casino Real Money: Top USA Gambling Sites Of 2022  Analytics Insight
  4. Best Online Casinos: Top 21 Online Casino Sites (Updated List for 2023)  The Mercury News
  5. 5 Best Casino Games: Play Online Slots For Real Money | Bitcoinist.com  Bitcoinist
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Online gambling – Internal Market, Industry, Entrepreneurship and SMEs

Posted: November 7, 2022 at 10:34 am

There is no sector-specific EU legislation in the field of gambling services. EU countries are autonomous in the way they organise their gambling services, as long as they comply with the fundamental freedoms established under the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union (TFEU), as interpreted by the Court of Justice of the EU. The freedom to provide services or to open a business in another EU country is particularly relevant here.

Most EU countries allow at least some games of chance to be offered on the internet. Some countries allow all games, while others only allow certain types such as betting, poker or casino games. In some European jurisdictions, monopolistic regimes offering online gambling services have been established. These are run by a state-controlled public operator or by a private operator on the basis of an exclusive right. However, a growing number of EU countries have established licensing systems that allow more than 1 operator to offer services on the market. Under EU law, no particular system is favoured over the others.

Online gambling regulation in EU countries is characterised by diverse regulatory frameworks. In a number of judgements, the Court of Justice of the European Union (CJEU) has ruled on the compliance of national regulatory frameworks with EU law.

Gambling case law

The Commission supports EU countries efforts to modernise their national online gambling legal frameworks, in particular in the framework of administrative cooperation between gambling regulatory authorities. It also provides support to ensure a high level of protection for consumers and vulnerable people, including minors. In the area of standardisation, we requested the European Committee for Standardisation to develop a European voluntary standard on reporting in support of the supervision of online gambling services by national regulatory authorities.

Commission work in the field of online gambling services

Anti-money laundering from the Commission department for justice and consumers

Match-fixing from the Commission department for sport

Consumer protection and enforcement from the Commission department for justice and consumers, in particular the European Consumer Agenda and the Unfair Commercial Practices Directive

Areas under the Digital Single Market, such as audiovisual and other media content, 'Better internet for kids policies' and the fight against illegal content online.

Gaming Regulators European Forum (GREF)

International Association of Gaming Regulators (IAGR)

Information on match-fixing from the Council of Europe

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Gambling and fundraising – Province of British Columbia

Posted: at 10:34 am

All gambling in B.C. is regulated, including the operations of the British Columbia Lottery Corporation. British Columbians may participate in gambling activities such as lotteries, horse racing, slot machines and casino games, and licensed fundraising events like 50/50 draws. Non-profit organizations may be eligible for funding through community gaming grants.

Buying lottery tickets, playing casino games, online gambling, and betting on horse races are just a few of the types of gambling that adults can choose from in B.C. Learn about types of gambling and other topics like responsible gambling, player safety, how revenues support the citizens of B.C., and more.

The Community Gaming Grants program distributes $140 million annually from commercial gambling revenues, to not-for-profit organizations. Grants support the delivery of ongoing programs and the completion of capital projects that directly benefit communities throughout B.C. Explore online resources and learn more about the available grants.

Gambling event licences allow eligible organizations to fundraise by holding a single gambling event or a series of events. Gambling events include raffles, bingos, poker, social occasion casinos, and wheels of fortune. Find out about eligibility requirements and how to apply.

Horse racing occurs at a number of locations around the province. Government directs, controls, and regulates the British Columbia horse racing industry and licenses its participants.

Most British Columbians who gamble do so for entertainment and participate responsibly, however, research shows that a small percentage of players may develop problems related to excessive gambling.

Gambling industry workers, service providers, and supplies must be registered or certified by the Province of B.C. This helps to ensure the integrity and safety of gambling in the province.

Gambling enforcement activities are essential to maintaining the integrity of gambling in B.C. This includes identification, investigation, and enforcement activities related to money laundering and other wrongdoing that can occur in the gambling industry.

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Gambling and fundraising - Province of British Columbia

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Risks of Online Gambling and How to Protect Yourself – The Suffolk News-Herald – Suffolk News-Herald

Posted: November 5, 2022 at 3:04 pm

  1. Risks of Online Gambling and How to Protect Yourself - The Suffolk News-Herald  Suffolk News-Herald
  2. Best Online Casinos in Canada Ranked by Bonuses for Canadian Players, Fairness, and Casino Games  TMJ4 News
  3. The importance of Safe Online Gambling & Casino  TheCork.ie
  4. 5 Best Casino Online Gambling Sites: Top Play To Earn Crypto Games Of 2022  Analytics Insight
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Casino – Wikipedia

Posted: October 23, 2022 at 12:34 pm

Facility which houses and accommodates certain types of gambling activities

A casino is a facility for certain types of gambling. Casinos are often built near or combined with hotels, resorts, restaurants, retail shopping, cruise ships, and other tourist attractions. Some casinos are also known for hosting live entertainment, such as stand-up comedy, concerts, and sports.

Casino is of Italian origin; the root casa means a house. The term casino may mean a small country villa, summerhouse, or social club.[1] During the 19th century, casino came to include other public buildings where pleasurable activities took place; such edifices were usually built on the grounds of a larger Italian villa or palazzo, and were used to host civic town functions, including dancing, gambling, music listening, and sports. Examples in Italy include Villa Farnese and Villa Giulia, and in the US the Newport Casino in Newport, Rhode Island. In modern-day Italian, a casino is a brothel (also called casa chiusa, literally "closed house"), a mess (confusing situation), or a noisy environment; a gaming house is spelt casin, with an accent.[2][1][3]

Not all casinos are used for gaming. The Catalina Casino, on Santa Catalina Island, California, has never been used for traditional games of chance, which were already outlawed in California by the time it was built.[4] The Copenhagen Casino was a Danish theatre which also held public meetings during the 1848 Revolution, which made Denmark a constitutional monarchy.[5]

In military and non-military usage, a casino (Spanish) or Kasino (German) is an officers' mess.

The precise origin of gambling is unknown. It is generally believed that gambling in some form or another has been seen in almost every society in history. From Ancient Mesopotamia, Greeks and Romans to Napoleon's France and Elizabethan England, much of history is filled with stories of entertainment based on games of chance.

The first known European gambling house, not called a casino although meeting the modern definition, was the Ridotto, established in Venice, Italy, in 1638 by the Great Council of Venice to provide controlled gambling during the carnival season. It was closed in 1774 as the city government felt it was impoverishing the local gentry.[6]

In American history, early gambling establishments were known as saloons. The creation and importance of saloons was greatly influenced by four major cities: New Orleans, St. Louis, Chicago and San Francisco. It was in the saloons that travelers could find people to talk to, drink with, and often gamble with. During the early 20th century in the US, gambling was outlawed by state legislation. However, in 1931, gambling was legalized throughout the state of Nevada, where the US's first legalized casinos were set up. In 1976 New Jersey allowed gambling in Atlantic City, now the US's second largest gambling city.[7]

Most jurisdictions worldwide have a minimum gambling age of 18 to 21.[8]

Customers gamble by playing games of chance, in some cases with an element of skill, such as craps, roulette, baccarat, blackjack, and video poker. Most games have mathematically determined odds that ensure the house has at all times an advantage over the players. This can be expressed more precisely by the notion of expected value, which is uniformly negative (from the player's perspective). This advantage is called the house edge. In games such as poker where players play against each other, the house takes a commission called the rake. Casinos sometimes give out complimentary items or comps to gamblers.

Payout is the percentage of funds ("winnings") returned to players.

Casinos in the United States say that a player staking money won from the casino is playing with the house's money.

Video Lottery Machines (slot machines) have become one of the most popular forms of gambling in casinos. As of 2011[update] investigative reports have started calling into question whether the modern-day slot-machine is addictive.[9]

Casino designregarded as a psychological exerciseis an intricate process that involves optimising floor plan, dcor and atmospherics to encourage gambling.[10]

Factors influencing gambling tendencies include sound, odour and lighting. Natasha Dow Schll, an anthropologist at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, highlights the decision of the audio directors at Silicon Gaming to make its slot machines resonate in "the universally pleasant tone of C, sampling existing casino soundscapes to create a sound that would please but not clash".[11]

Alan Hirsch, founder of the Smell & Taste Treatment and Research Foundation in Chicago, studied the impact of certain scents on gamblers, discerning that a pleasant albeit unidentifiable odor released by Las Vegas slot machines generated about 50% more in daily revenue. He suggested that the scent acted as an aphrodisiac, causing a more aggressive form of gambling.[12]

The following lists major casino markets in the world with casino revenue of over US$1 billion as published in PricewaterhouseCoopers's report on the outlook for the global casino market:[13]

According to Bloomberg, accumulated revenue of the biggest casino operator companies worldwide amounted to almost US$55 billion in 2011. SJM Holdings Ltd. was the leading company in this field, earning $9.7 bn in 2011, followed by Las Vegas Sands Corp. at $7.4 bn. The third-biggest casino operator company (based on revenue) was Caesars Entertainment, with revenue of US$6.2 bn.[17]

While there are casinos in many places, a few places have become well known specifically for gambling. Perhaps the place almost defined by its casino is Monte Carlo, but other places are known as gambling centers.

Monte Carlo Casino, located in Monte Carlo city, in Monaco, is a casino and a tourist attraction.

Monte Carlo Casino has been depicted in many books, including Ben Mezrich's Busting Vegas, where a group of Massachusetts Institute of Technology students beat the casino out of nearly $1 million. This book is based on real people and events; however, many of those events are contested by main character Semyon Dukach.[18] Monte Carlo Casino has also been featured in multiple James Bond novels and films.

The casino is mentioned in the song "The Man Who Broke the Bank at Monte Carlo" as well as the film of the same name.

Casin di Campione is located in the tiny Italian enclave of Campione d'Italia, within Ticino, Switzerland. The casino was founded in 1917 as a site to gather information from foreign diplomats during the First World War. Today it is owned by the Italian government, and operated by the municipality. With gambling laws being less strict than in Italy and Switzerland, it is among the most popular gambling destination besides Monte Carlo. The income from the casino is sufficient for the operation of Campione without the imposition of taxes, or obtaining of other revenue.[19] In 2007, the casino moved into new premises of more than 55,000 square metres (590,000sqft), making it the largest casino in Europe.[20] The new casino was built alongside the old one, which dated from 1933 and has since been demolished.[19][21]

the archipelago of Malta is a particularly famous place for casinos in particular the historic casino at the princely residence of Dragonara

The former Portuguese colony of Macau, a special administrative region of the People's Republic of China since 1999, is a popular destination for visitors who wish to gamble.[22] This started in Portuguese times, when Macau was popular with visitors from nearby Hong Kong, where gambling was more closely regulated. The Venetian Macao is currently the largest casino in the world. Macau also surpassed Las Vegas as the largest gambling market in the world.[22]

Machine-based gaming is only permitted in land-based casinos, restaurants, bars and gaming halls, and only subject to a licence. Online slots are, at the moment, only permitted if they are operated under a Schleswig-Holstein licence. AWPs are governed by federal law the Trade Regulation Act and the Gaming Ordinance.

The Casino Estoril, located in the municipality of Cascais, on the Portuguese Riviera, near Lisbon, is the largest casino in Europe by capacity.

During the Second World War, it was reputed to be a gathering point for spies, dispossessed royals, and wartime adventurers; it became an inspiration for Ian Fleming's James Bond 007 novel Casino Royale.

Singapore is an up-and-coming destination for visitors wanting to gamble, although there are currently only two casinos (both foreign owned), in Singapore. The Marina Bay Sands is the most expensive standalone casino in the world, at a price of US$8 billion, and is among the world's ten most expensive buildings. The Resorts World Sentosa has the world's largest oceanarium.

There are 4 legal gaming zones in Russia: "Siberian Coin" (Altay), "Yantarnaya" (Kaliningrad region), "Azov-city" (Rostov region) and "Primorie" (Primorie region).

With currently over 1,000 casinos, the United States has the largest number of casinos in the world. The number continues to grow steadily as more states seek to legalize casinos. 40 states now[when?] have some form of casino gambling. Interstate competition, such as gaining tourism, has been a driving factor to continuous legalization.[23] Relatively small places such as Las Vegas are best known for gambling; larger cities such as Chicago are not defined by their casinos in spite of the large turnover.

The Las Vegas Valley has the largest concentration of casinos in the United States. Based on revenue, Atlantic City, New Jersey ranks second, and the Chicago region third.

Top American casino markets by revenue (2015 annual revenues):[24]

The Nevada Gaming Control Board divides Clark County, which is coextensive with the Las Vegas metropolitan area, into seven market regions for reporting purposes.

Native American gaming has been responsible for a rise in the number of casinos outside of Las Vegas and Atlantic City.

Given the large amounts of currency handled within a casino, both patrons and staff may be tempted to cheat and steal, in collusion or independently; most casinos have security measures to prevent this. Security cameras located throughout the casino are the most basic measure.

Modern casino security is usually divided between a physical security force and a specialized surveillance department. The physical security force usually patrols the casino and responds to calls for assistance and reports of suspicious or definite criminal activity. A specialized surveillance department operates the casino's closed circuit television system, known in the industry as the eye in the sky. Both of these specialized casino security departments work very closely with each other to ensure the safety of both guests and the casino's assets, and have been quite successful in preventing crime.[25] Some casinos also have catwalks in the ceiling above the casino floor, which allow surveillance personnel to look directly down, through one way glass, on the activities at the tables and slot machines.

When it opened in 1989, The Mirage was the first casino to use cameras full-time on all table games.[26]

In addition to cameras and other technological measures, casinos also enforce security through rules of conduct and behavior; for example, players at card games are required to keep the cards they are holding in their hands visible at all times.

Over the past few decades, casinos have developed many different marketing techniques for attracting and maintaining loyal patrons. Many casinos use a loyalty rewards program used to track players' spending habits and target their patrons more effectively, by sending mailings with free slot play and other promotions.[27] Casino Helsinki in Helsinki, Finland, for example, donates all of its profits to charity.[28][29]

Casinos have been linked to organised crime, with early casinos in Las Vegas originally dominated by the American Mafia[30][31] and in Macau by Triad syndicates.[32][33]

According to some police reports, local incidence of reported crime often doubles or triples within three years of a casino's opening.[34] In a 2004 report by the US Department of Justice, researchers interviewed people who had been arrested in Las Vegas and Des Moines and found that the percentage of problem or pathological gamblers among the arrestees was three to five times higher than in the general population.[35]

It has been said that economic studies showing a positive relationship between casinos and crime usually fail to consider the visiting population: they count crimes committed by visitors but do not count visitors in the population measure, which overstates the crime rate. Part of the reason this methodology is used, despite the overstatement, is that reliable data on tourist count are often not available.[36]

There are unique occupational health issues in the casino industry. The most common are from cancers[37] resulting from exposure to second-hand tobacco smoke[38][39] and musculoskeletal injury (MSI)[40] from repetitive motion injuries while running table games over many hours.[41]

The Venetian Macau in the Cotai Strip is the largest casino in the world, owned by Las Vegas Sands

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4 Ways Online Casinos Are Improving Their Customer Experience – LA Progressive

Posted: October 8, 2022 at 3:34 pm

Customer experience is a critical factor determining the success or failure of both traditional businesses and online venues. And online casinos get that right.

Since the time theyve been around, online casinos have been using several techniques and strategies to make sure all their players stay engaged, entertained and satisfied. In this article, we explore some of the top ways online gambling platforms are improving their overall customer experience.

Back in the day, online casinos had to limit themselves to a handful of casino payment options when it came to processing deposits and withdrawals. This meant that casino players from specific regions and countries where the payment processor wasnt operating couldnt access their favourite casino online.

However, modern-era casino payment methods have changed all of that. Today, there are numerous banking options that specialize in online gambling, support tens of currencies, and operate in several countries. So, players from around the world are now able to make seamless and hassle-free online casino payments.

In the late 1990s when online casinos were still in their infancy, casino players had to limit themselves to a handful of slots and tables. Fast forward two decades later and youll find that there is a digital version of every casino classic out there. Besides, online gambling sites offer thousands of slot machines, all of which come with their own unique themes, symbols and bonus features.

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The live dealer games selection, where players get to play against a human dealer in real-time, is also quite broad. From Blackjack and Baccarat to Craps and Roulette, you can try your hands at almost all live casino table games available. The availability of such a huge variety of games ensures that players can easily find what theyre looking for.

The casino website is one of the most important assets for any online casino. After all, the website is the first thing that players see when starting their journey with an online gambling platform. As such, all the top online casinos have websites that are easy to load and friendly to use.

At any good casino platform, youll find the games neatly listed under different categories, such as slots, card games, table games and live dealer games. Also, theres a dedicated search option that allows users to find a specific slot game or any other casino title. Whats more, some casinos use machine learning to offer a personalized selection of casino games, taking the casino experience to a whole new level.

Online casinos are renowned for offering a variety of casino bonuses and other rewards, though the exact bonus type differs from one casino to another. As a new player, youll usually get to take advantage of the casino welcome bonus offer. The welcome bonus is provided as an incentive for joining the site and is credited to your casino account after youve made a deposit.

For regular players, casinos offer numerous bonus rewards and other perks as well. This includes no deposit bonus, free spins and cashback. If youve been wagering a significant amount for a while, you get the chance to become a part of the casinos loyalty program and benefit from several exclusive VIP rewards.

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Can RTP be altered by online casinos? – The Sports Bank

Posted: at 3:34 pm

You probably know what RTP is if youre a lover of online slots. RTP stands for return to player and is the percentage of money that a slot machine will pay back over time. So, for example, a slot mahjong machine with an RTP of 96% will pay out $96 for every $100 that is wagered. So, what does this have to do with online casinos?

Well, some people believe that online casinos can alter the RTP of their slot machines. While this is technically possible, its very unlikely that any casino would do this. Altering the RTP would require changing the code of the slot machine, which is not something that can be done easily or undetectably. Furthermore, most online casinos are regulated by gambling commissions, which would not allow this kind of thing to happen.

Here are some reasons why you shouldnt worry about online casinos altering the RTP of their slot machines:

If online casinos were altering the RTP of their slot machines, it would eventually catch up to them. Players would figure out they were being cheated and stop playing at that casino. This would obviously be bad for business, so its not something that any reputable online casino would do.

As we mentioned before, online casinos are regulated by gambling commissions. These commissions have strict rules about what casinos can and cannot do. Altering the RTP of a slot machine would be breaking the law, so its not something that any casino would risk doing.

Even if an online casino could get away with altering the RTP of its slot machines, it would eventually backfire. Word would spread that the casino was cheating its players, and people would stop playing there. In the long run, it would be much more profitable for casinos to keep their RTPs fair and honest.

Online casinos are already making a lot of money. They dont need to cheat their players by altering the RTP of their slot machines. Were talking about a business that generates billions of dollars annually. Cheating players out of a few percentage points will not make much of a difference to their bottom line.

You have nothing to worry about

Dont listen to those online rumors about casinos altering the RTP of their slot machines. Its simply not something that reputable casinos would do. If youre worried about getting cheated, stick to playing at reputable casinos that gambling commissions license. These casinos have to follow strict rules and regulations to ensure youre getting a fair game.

There are so many review sites and YouTube channels dedicated to online slots. Do some research and only play at casinos that have a good reputation. There are hundreds, if not thousands, of casinos to choose from, so theres no need to take any chances.

The best advice is to have fun and not worry about getting cheated. Youll be fine if youre playing at a reputable casino. Just sit back, relax, and enjoy the spinning reels!

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Feds, Seminoles Advance Fiction That Compact Never Authorized Online Sports Betting In Florida – Forbes

Posted: September 29, 2022 at 1:26 am

(Photo by PAUL ELLIS / AFP) (Photo by PAUL ELLIS/AFP via Getty Images)

What is it with sports betting lawsuits and the word authorize?

Nearly 8 years ago, the State of New Jersey in a last-ditch attempt to legalize sports betting after an earlier legislative effort was struck down by a federal court crafted the novel legal argument that a new state statute partially repealing state-law prohibitions against sports betting was not a forbidden authorization of sports betting for purposes of federal law. (The then-existing federal law known as the Professional and Amateur Sports Protection Act or PASPA for short prohibited states from authorizing sports betting within their borders).

While that argument failed to sway a New Jersey federal district court judge and a federal appeals court, it did get the attention of the U.S. Supreme Court, which granted certiorari on that discrete issue and soon thereafter invalidated PASPA on broader constitutional grounds.

That groundbreaking decision opened the door to state-authorized sports betting, and today more than 35 states (plus the District of Columbia) have taken advantage of that opportunity.

Now fast forward to the present day, and a similar argument is being made by proponents of legal sports betting in Florida.

The Seminole Tribe TRIBE2 of Florida and the United States Department of the Interior are appealing a federal court decision from late last year which invalidated the Tribes new Class III gaming compact with the State of Florida. That compact which became effective in August 2021 granted the Tribe the exclusive right to operate online sports betting throughout Florida and decreed that all online wagers would be deemed to occur exclusively on tribal lands where the computer server processing the bet is located, regardless of the bettors physical location.

In a November 2021 ruling that this author had correctly predicted months earlier, U.S. District Judge Dabney Friedrich held that the compacts online sports betting element violated the Indian Gaming Regulatory Act (IGRA) because it authorized betting by patrons who are physically located in the State [of Florida], but not on [the Tribes] Indian lands in derogation of IGRAs requirement that all gaming activities take place on Indian lands, and nowhere else.

Although the compact deemed that all sports wagers including those initiated over the internet would occur exclusively on tribal lands where the server processing the bet is located, Judge Friedrich characterized that construct as a fiction designed to evade IGRAs requirement that all gaming activity authorized by a compact take place on Indian lands.

As Judge Friedrich explained in her November 22nd decision, [w]hen a federal statute authorizes an activity only at specific locations, parties may not evade that limitation by deeming their activity to occur where it, as a factual matter, does not. Since the compact allows patrons to wager throughout Florida including at locations that are not Indian lands Judge Friedrich concluded that the compact authorizes gaming off Indian lands in violation of IGRA, meaning that the Secretary of the Interior had an affirmative duty to reject the compact.

The hybrid authorization theory is contradicted by the record

Now, nearly one year later, the Seminole Tribe and the Department of the Interior are taking a page right out of the New Jersey playbook. In appellate briefs recently filed with the U.S. Court of Appeals for the D.C. Circuit, both entities now claim that the compact did not authorize online sports betting at all. Rather, they insist that the compact authorized only in-person betting on tribal lands and that the online sports betting component was authorized solely by Florida law. As described by the federal government and backed by the Seminole Tribe the sports betting provisions of the compact reflect a permissible hybrid approach, wherein gaming activity that occurs off of the Tribes Indian lands is authorized under state law, and gaming activity that occurs on Indian lands is authorized by IGRA pursuant to the Compact.

The motivation behind this argument is obvious. If the compact a creature of federal law did not authorize online sports betting, then there would presumably be no IGRA violation and therefore no basis for striking the compact. (After all, Judge Friedrichs invalidation of the compact was based on her determination that the online sports betting provisions exceeded the permissible jurisdictional boundaries of IGRA because it authorized gaming activities off of Indian lands). And if state law alone authorized online sports betting, then any challenge to its legality would have to be decided by a Florida state court judge rather than the Department of the Interior or a federal court, which review the compact for compliance with federal law.

Theres just one problem with that argument. The so-called hybrid approach that the Tribe and the Department of the Interior are now championing i.e., that the compact only authorized in-person betting on tribal lands while state law authorized all online wagers placed by persons outside of tribal lands is contradicted by the plain language of the compact, the Florida statute ratifying the compact, and the prior statements of the compacting parties.

Online sports betting was authorized by the federally approved compact

A review of the pertinent compact provisions makes clear that online sports betting is expressly authorized by the compact. Section III.F of the Compact lists Sports Betting as a Covered Game and subsequently defines it in Section III.CC it to include any such wagering undertaken by a Patron physically located in the State but not on Indian Lands using an electronic device connected via the internet, web application or otherwise . . . . (Compact, at pp. 4 & 15). Part IV of the Compact, revealingly titled Authorization and Location of Covered Games, in turn declares that the Tribe is authorized to operate Covered Games on its Indian lands, (id. at p. 20), and in the very first clause, provides that sports wagers made by players physically located within the State . . . shall be deemed to take place . . . on Indian Lands at the location of the servers or other devices used to conduct such wagering activity. (Id. at p. 20).

As explained by Judge Friedrich, the inclusion of the deemed language in the Authorization section of the compact make[s] clear that sports wagering by patrons physically located outside of Indian lands is authorized by the compact. By simultaneously authorizing sports betting on Indian lands and deeming gaming across Florida to occur on those same lands, Section IV(A) purports to authorize sports betting throughout the State, Judge Freidrich concluded. Even [t]he title of [Part] IV, Authorization and Location of Covered Games, Judge Friedrich added, suggests that the location of gaming is relevant to its authorization.

Once upon a time before there was ever any hint of litigation the compacting parties also interpreted the compact as having authorized online sports betting. When the new compact was signed in April 2021, the Seminole Tribe issued a press release proclaiming that the compact authorizes the Tribe to accept sports wagers in person and from patrons physically located in the State via mobile devices. On that same day, Florida Governor Ron DeSantis issued his own press release declaring that [m]ost notably, the compact modernizes the gaming industry through the authorization of sports betting in Florida through the Tribe. The State of Florida one of the two signatories to the compact also expressly acknowledged the compacts authorization of online sports betting in its amicus curiae brief filed with the district court in October 2021 at a point in time before the Department of the Interior and the Seminole Tribe had cooked up their new hybrid approach/jurisdiction-shifting argument. In revealingly plain language, the State declared that [t]he Compact authorizes the Tribe to conduct intrastate online gambling within Florida, adding that [t]he Compact expands and modernizes casino gaming in Florida, including by authorizing as have many other states intrastate internet sports betting.

Even the federal government through the Department of the Interior took a decidedly different view of the compact before there was ever any litigation. In his August 6, 2021 letter announcing the approval of the compact, the DOIs Assistant Secretary for Indian Affairs, Bryan Newland, stated that the compact authorizes the Tribe to conduct Class III gaming on its lands and expands the allowable scope of gaming to include mobile sports betting, amongst other games. (Letter, at p. 2). He acknowledged that both the Compact and the State law authorize the Tribe to engage in mobile sports betting and provide that the gaming takes place on Indian lands where: (1) the Tribe owns and operates the gaming; (2) the server is located on Indian lands; and (3) the player is located within the geographic bounds of the State. (Id., at p. 7).

The Department of the Interiors prior view of the compact deviated so wildly from its current litigation posture that the agencys litigation counsel who was admonished by Judge Friedrich for her inexplicable refusal to address the merits of the compact during the November 2021 oral argument took the highly unusual step of requesting that the Court not even consider Mr. Newlands letter in making her ruling.

But its too late to put the genie back in the bottle. The compacts text as acknowledged by the pre-suit statements of the Tribe, the State, and the DOI makes plain that the compact authorizes sports betting both on and off Indian lands. Any argument to the contrary would be, as Judge Friedrich pointedly observed, incompatible with the Compacts text.

State law did not independently authorize online sports betting

Likewise, the appellants newly-minted assertion that state law rather than the compact authorized online sports betting is contradicted by the plain language of the Florida statute ratifying the compact. That statute Section 285.710, Florida Statutes [entitled Compact authorization] clearly and unambiguously states that online sports betting is authorized to be conducted by the Tribe pursuant to the compact. (See Ch. 2021-268, 2 [adding Section 285.710(13)(b)(7) to specify that . . . the following class III games are hereby authorized to be conducted by the Tribe pursuant to the compact . . . Sports betting, . . . including wagers made by players physically located within the state using a mobile or other electronic device . . . .]).

Section 285.710 is the only Florida Statute that purports to authorize online sports betting. It makes crystal clear that the state law authorization is completely tethered to the compact. Contrary to the assertion made by the Seminole Tribe and the Department of the Interior, there is simply no independent state law authorization of online sports betting. As Section 285.710(13)(b) makes abundantly clear, the States authorization of online sports betting is strictly and solely pursuant to the compact.

By the States own admission, the tethering of online sports betting to a federal tribal compact was designed to avoid a conflict with Florida Amendment 3, a voter-approved constitutional amendment which prohibits the authorization of casino gambling other than through a citizen-initiated ballot question. Crucially, Amendment 3 which is codified in Article X, Section 30 of the Florida Constitution exempts tribal compacts pursuant to the Federal Indian Gaming Regulatory Act for the conduct of casino gambling on tribal lands. This exemption was the impetus behind the States decision to authorize online sports betting pursuant to a compact governed by federal law since the State believed that any authorization of online sports betting other than pursuant to a compact governed by IGRA would have violated Amendment 3.

The States belief that it was traveling under federal law is confirmed by several state-authored documents, including a Summary of the 2021 Compact prepared by Governor DeSantis Office in advance of last years special legislative session. On page 3, under the heading Key Points, the Governors Office asserts that [b]ecause of Amendment 3, commercial sports betting outside of a tribal compact is unconstitutional in Florida. In addition, a fact sheet authored by Florida Senate leaders in May 2021 also addressed the state constitutional question and asserted that the online sports wagering component of the compact will be governed by federal law. (See Frequently Asked Questions, SB 2-A Implementation of the 2021 Gaming Compact, at p. 7 [stating that with respect to online sports betting, the parties have agreed that the entire gaming transaction will be governed by IGRA as taking place on Indian lands.). This is an express acknowledgement by the State of Floridas executive and legislative branches that online sports betting was authorized pursuant to the compact, and not solely under state law.

The assertion that state law alone authorized online sports betting is yet another fiction advanced by the Seminole Tribe and the Department of the Interior in a desperate attempt to save a federally flawed compact. It is a misdirection designed to recast West Flaglers IGRA lawsuit as a state law challenge under Amendment 3 to prop up the argument that the proper forum for such a challenge is state court, not federal court. Indeed, the Department of the Interiors Opening Brief posits that this open question of state constitutional law cannot be definitively resolved by the federal courts. But, contrary to that assertion, the federal courts do not need to resolve any questions of Florida constitutional law to find that the compact violates federal law through its authorization of off-reservation gaming in violation of IGRAs Indian lands requirement.

While the avoidance of Amendment 3 may explain the States and Tribes motivation for using the federal compacting process as the vehicle for legalizing online sports betting in Florida, it does not transform that federal process into a uniquely state-law vehicle when the plain language of both the compact and the state statute ratifying the compact make crystal clear that online sports betting is authorized pursuant to the compact, and not solely under state law.

Look for West Flagler to hammer this point when it files its answer brief on October 6th.

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Feds, Seminoles Advance Fiction That Compact Never Authorized Online Sports Betting In Florida - Forbes

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