Category Archives: Oceania

The global sodium percarbonate market will reflect a CAGR 1.5% over the forecast period, 2020 to 2030. The market has been chiefly driven by growing demand for eco-friendly products, which, consecutively, has been extremely beneficial for sodium percarbonate as a disinfectant. On the other hand, irrespective of a slight dent to the market growth amid the COVID-19 crisis, the sodium percarbonate market is projected to foresee gradual growth in value terms during the assessment years.

Investments towards increase in manufacturing of coated sodium percarbonate are projected to be greatly beneficial for the market players. Increase in infrequent nature of demand for bleaching agents is projected to be extremely beneficial for coated sodium percarbonate says a Fact.MR analyst.

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Key Takeaways

Drivers

Constraints

Anticipated Market Impact by COVID-19 Outbreak

The COVID-19 outbreak has had low sway on the sodium percarbonate market, with lesser imposition of regulations and trade volumes. Sales amid the third quarter reflected a notable recovery because of growing demand from the commercial industry. Residential demand amid the crisis was slightly impinged on due to inventory shortages in some regions, however the overall effect amid 2020 is expected to be minimal.

Long-term influence of the crisis will be positive on demand, owing to increasing demand for cleaning supplies and disinfectants.

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Competition Landscape

The sodium percarbonate market is moderately consolidated in nature, with major players holding around 40% of revenue share. Major players identified in the Sodium Percarbonate market are Solvay SA, Evonik Industries, OCI Peroxygens LLC, AG Chem Group s.r.o, Khimprom PJSC, Hongye Chemical Group Co. Ltd., JINKE Company Limited, JIANGXI UNIC PEROXIDE CO. Ltd., Jilin Shuang ou Chemical Co. Ltd, Wuxi Wanma Chemical Co., Ltd, Jiangxi Boholy Chemical Co. Ltd., and Ak-kim.

The market has witnessed several fluctuations recently. These market variations have been because of restructuring of top tier players. These variations of top tier players have had a substantial consequence on the sodium percarbonate market, amid the forecast period.

More on the Report

The Fact.MRs market research report provides in-depth insights into the sodium percarbonate market. The market is scrutinized on the basis of type (coated and uncoated) end use (laundry, cleaning water treatment, chemicals, textiles, pulp & paper, and others), across seven major regions (North America, Europe, East Asia, South Asia, Oceania, Latin America, and Middle East & Africa (MEA).

Press Release:https://www.factmr.com/media-release/1730/sodium-percarbonate-market-trends

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The Sodium Percarbonate Market in South East Asia & Oceania Expected to Grow of over 2% during 2020-2030, Finds Fact.MR - LionLowdown

Business

16 Dec, 2020 12:09 AM3 minutes to read

Ryman has a national chain of villages. Photo / Glenn Taylor

New Zealand's biggest retirement village business, Ryman Healthcare, is repaying the $14.2 million wage subsidy in line with other business in the sector.

Today, the Herald asked chief executive Gordon MacLeod and chairman David Kerr if their company would follow Summerset Group, Arvida and Metlifecare.

Within a few hours, Kerr revealed Ryman's decision.

Metlifecare, Summerset Group and Arvida have all announced repayments, sparking questions in the sector about why Ryman and Oceania had not yet moved.

Four listed retirement business have now said they are repaying the money. Sales in the sector rebounded following the lockdowns this year.

Only Oceania Healthcare is keeping its wage subsidy - $1.8m.

Kerr explained why Ryman made the call.

"We'd like to thank the Government for its initiative in introducing the subsidy, which provided help at a time of great uncertainty for us and for thousands of other businesses," Kerr said.

"Since January we have spent more than $50 million on our COVID-19 response, and I'm pleased to say we have not had a single case of COVID-19 among our more than 18,000 residents and staff. The financial certainty the subsidy gave us was a factor in our success during a difficult period.

"During the level 4 lockdown we were unable to sell, market, refurbish, build or admit new residents, which severely impacted our trading, and so we met the criteria to qualify for the subsidy.

15 Dec, 2020 07:49 PMQuick Read

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"We have regularly reviewed our position in relation to retaining the wage subsidy. The improved outlook in New Zealand means we are now committed to repaying the subsidy. Once again, we'd like to thank the New Zealand Government for its help," Kerr said.

Summerset said today it would repay the $8.6m subsidy. Metlifecare had already announced that under new owner EQT, it had decided the right thing to do was repay its $6.8m.

Arvida Group also repaid $400,000, leaving only Ryman and Oceania to act.

Earl Gasparich, Oceania chief executive, today said his business would keep the $1.8m state money because it was a small amount and was necessary.

In the company's annual report for the year to May 31 2020, Oceania said it got the wage subsidy in mid-April for a small number of sales and property development staff, he said.

"We did not consider it appropriate to claim for our staff working in aged care, who were essential workers and not at risk of losing employment," Gasparich said.

"A total of $1.8m was received, which was a fraction of the total amount that Oceania was actually eligible to claim given the scale of our workforce. Oceania has incurred significant costs managing the risk of Covid-19 across our business and the wage subsidy, as well as a minor amount of additional Government funding, have only partially compensated us for these costs," Gasparich said.

Others to return the money include Napier Port, Briscoe Group, Bell Gully, MinterEllisonRuddWatts, a group of private schools, Simpson Grierson and Alliance Group which repaid half.

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Ryman Healthcare to repay $14.2m Covid wage subsidy, move follows three others - New Zealand Herald

JAKARTA (Indonesia) - Indonesia has been confirmed as host of FIBA Asia Cup 2021 by the FIBA Regional Office Asia on Friday.

This will be the second time in history that Indonesia hosts this premier event. The last time the FIBA Asia Cup was held in Indonesia was back in 1993 when China beat DPR of Korea in the Final to clinch their ninth continental crown.

The Final Round of the continental showpiece competition will be held from August 16-28, 2021 and will feature the best 16 teams from Asia/Oceania.

"We are very proud to host the FIBA Asia Cup in Jakarta next year, it is an excellent platform for Indonesia to display its basketball potential. It will also help us to prepare ourselves for FIBA Basketball World Cup 2023, both as an organizer and a national team," said the Indonesian Basketball Federation, PERBASI, President Mr. Danny Kosasih.

Fourth most populous country in the world, Indonesia is also one of the co-hosts of the FIBA Basketball World Cup 2023 alongside Japan and the Philippines. Unlike their co-hosts, who earned direct qualification, Indonesia need to be ranked among the top eight teams at the FIBA Asia Cup 2021 in order to receive a direct qualification spot.

FIBA Asia President Sheikh Saud Ali Al Thani said: "It will be an exciting couple of years for Indonesian basketball. Hosting the FIBA Asia Cup 2021 and co-hosting the FIBA Basketball World Cup 2023 is a massive step forward towards developing basketball in the country."

As hosts of FIBA Asia Cup 2021, Indonesia are now qualified as one of the 16 teams that will be playing in the event. They join Lebanon and Bahrain as teams to have already secured their spots in the competition.

The FIBA Asia Cup 2021 teams will be drawn into four groups of four teams each. The top teams in each group at the end of the Group Phase will qualify directly to the Quarter-Finals. The second- and third-placed teams in each group, however, will have to play in a qualification game to earn their places in the remaining four spots of the Quarter-Finals.

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Indonesia confirmed as host of FIBA Asia Cup 2021 - FIBA

The global silicon carbide market will witness stellar growth at a CAGR of 15% during 2019 2029, as projected by a new Fact.MR report. Key players in the silicon carbide market are eying profitable opportunities by leveraging on the sprouting demand for compact systems, motor drivers, and radiofrequency devices.

Skyrocketing consumer demand in emerging economies and governments across the world supporting FDI investments are further complementing market growth,says the report.

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Silicon Carbide Market: Key Findings

Silicon Carbide Market: Key Driving Factors

Silicon Carbide Market: Key Restraint

Explore the complete silicon carbide market report with detailed market segmentation, 195 illustrative figures, and 98 data tables at:https://www.factmr.com/connectus/sample?flag=RM&rep_id=4581

Competition Landscape

Some key players in the silicon carbide market are Dow Chemical Co., AGSCO Corporation, Carborundum Universal Limited., Entegris Inc., ESD-SiC b.v., ESK-SIC GmbH, Gaddis Engineered Materials, Grindwell Norton Ltd., Saint Gobain Ceramic Materials GmbH, and Snam Abrasives Pvt. Ltd, among others. The market players are investing in research and development activities to gain traction among consumers.

About the Report:

Fact.MR presents a detailed and unbiased analysis of the global silicon carbide market, displaying data on historical demand (2014-2018) and forecast data for the period, 2019-2029. To simplify the vast study, the report is segmented on the basis of product (black silicon and green silicon), application (steel, automotive, aerospace, military & defense, electrical & electronics, healthcare, and others), and across 6 key regions (North America, Latin America, Europe, East Asia, South Asia & Oceania, and Middle East & Africa).

Press Release: https://www.factmr.com/media-release/1354/global-silicon-carbide-market

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APAC (East Asia and Southeast Asia & Oceania) to Remain the Prominent Region, Promoting Silicon Carbide Market Growth, 2019 to 2029 - The Cloud...

A joint seminar held by the International Weightlifting Federation (IWF) and the Oceania Weightlifting Federation attracted participants from 29 countries.

The technical seminar was held over the course of a day.

It was overseen by IWF honorary advisor Sam Coffa and fellow Australian Pedro Sanchez, a member of the IWF Technical Committee.

Organisers say representatives from Australia, New Zealand, Fiji, Papua New Guinea, Solomon Islands, Kiribati, Tuvalu, Cook Islands, Nauru, Tahiti, Northern Mariana Islands, New Caledonia, Niue and Tuvalu participated in the online event.

The seminar also received interest from outside Oceania, with participants coming from the United Kingdom, United States, China and South Korea.

Austria, Denmark, Belgium, Botswana, Germany, France, Hungary, Lithuania, Malaysia, Singapore and Syria were also represented.

The IWF said a total of 250 people took part in the online seminar.

The governing body revealed it had received feedback praising the event, which highlighted the clarity and precision of the content.

IWF vice-president and Technical Committee chair Nicu Vlad was praised for his role in establishing the seminar, as was Australia's Bowen Stuart.

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IWF holds joint technical seminar with Oceania Weightlifting Federation - Insidethegames.biz

Cryptocurrency and blockchain technology adoption continues to rise, with banks, institutional investors, and everyday consumers now using these platforms to engage in everyday transactions or to implement various business use cases.

According to Chainalysis, the patterns of cryptocurrency usage vary widely across the globe. The blockchain security firm claims that its recent report is one of the first attempts to quantify key differences in how DLT and crypto-assets are used by businesses throughout the world. The report was compiled using blockchain analysis and insights from expert interviews, which looked into important regional differences in crypto adoption and related use cases.

As mentioned in Chainalysis report, the Central and Southern Asia and Oceanias cryptocurrency market has been growing steadily. Approximately 12% of all value sent and received using cryptocurrencies came fromt his region, the report revealed.

In total, $40 billion worth of digital assets were received by entities based in Central and Southern Asia and Oceania, according to the report. It added that another $41 billion in crypto-assets were transferred out of the region to various places throughout the world. This region accounted for a relatively small or 1.7% of the illicit share of crypto valued received and just 0.8% of illicit share of value sent.

Its worth noting, however, that these estimates are quite low considering the recent multi-billion dollar PlusToken Crypto Ponzi scheme, which originated in China and may have affected neighboring Asian countries.

Central and Southern Asia and Oceania (CSAO) has the worlds fifth-most active region when it comes to cryptocurrency related activities, out of the eight regions examined by Chainalysis and documented in its extensive research report.

Chainalsysis noted:

With many developing countries in the (CSAO) region, we see heavy retail activity, which could suggest users are turning to cryptocurrency for remittances and possibly even everyday transactions.

The report added:

CSAO has the third-highest share of its cryptocurrency market made up of retail activity, with between 15% and 22% of transaction volume coming in retail-sized transfers of $10,000 worth of cryptocurrency or less during the time period studied. [Chainalysis] believes that some of this activity is due to remittances from overseas.

Chainalysis cites a report from Knomad, which notes that India led the world in 2017 when it comes to fiat remittances received at an estimated $69.0 billion. Vietnam was ranked tenth at roughly $13.8 billion, Indonesia was ranked 17th at $9.0 billion, while Thailand was ranked 24th at approximately $6.7 billion. The blockchain security firm reveals that these four nations are among the biggest digital asset markets in the CSAO region.

Chainalysis further notes:

Its possible that residents have shifted some of their remittance activity to cryptocurrency to take advantage of lower fees and shorter wait times.

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Asian Countries like India, Indonesia, Vietnam, Thailand have One of the Fastest-Growing Digital Asset Markets: Report - Crowdfund Insider

Demand for increased fuel economy, low maintenance cost, and improved performance are boosting the trend of vehicle electrification. The vehicle electrification market is projected to grow at a CAGR of 11.

New York, Sept. 16, 2020 (GLOBE NEWSWIRE) -- Reportlinker.com announces the release of the report "Vehicle Electrification Market by Product, 48V, ICE, BEV, HEV, PHEV, Vehicle Type And Region - Global Forecast to 2025" - https://www.reportlinker.com/p05099508/?utm_source=GNW 9% to reach USD 129.6 billion by 2025 from USD 73.7 billion. OEMs are switching from conventional technology to advanced technology for complying with the norms and increasing vehicle efficiency. There are multiple engine, transmission, and hybrid technologies that can help in improving the fuel efficiency of a vehicle. For instance, according to the US Department of Energy (US DOE), the start-stop system can improve fuel efficiency by up to 5%, based on driving and traffic conditions. Also, components such as electric oil pump and electric vacuum pump consume lesser energy than their conventional counterparts. However, higher cost of electric vehicles can undermine the demand for vehicle electrification.

The market for BEVs is estimated to witness the fastest growth in the vehicle electrification market BEVs are projected to lead the vehicle electrification market, in terms of value, during the next 10 years.Automakers are seeing BEVs as a gateway to achieving fuel emission and economy standards set by governments.

Government tax incentives and state rebates have boosted the proliferation of BEVs.Asia Oceania and North America are the fastest growing regions for BEVs.

Increasing charging infrastructure in North America would be responsible for the shift from conventional ICE vehicles to BEVs.OEMs of this region have also invested significantly in vehicle electrification.

This would also drive the demand for BEVs.

The electric power steering (EPS) is estimated to be the largest segment of the vehicle electrification market Electric Power Steering (EPS) systems are power-assisted steering products that eliminate the association between the steering system and the engine.EPS is the most popular steering system in the global market as it reduces fuel consumption and emissions, limits the required servicing, and improves maneuverability.

In Europe and North America, almost all vehicles have EPS, and in Asia Oceania, the trend is growing rapidly. Hence, the EPS segment is estimated to hold the largest market share during the forecast period.

Asia Oceania: the largest vehicle electrification market in the automotive industry Asia Oceania is the leading vehicle electrification market as the region represents countries such as China, Japan, South Korea, and India, with the worlds highest vehicle production.The automobile industry is flourishing, especially in South Asia.

Additionally, Asia Oceania has created hubs for automobile manufacturers and automotive component suppliers.Considering the vehicle electrification market in the Asia Oceania region in 2019, the passenger car segment is estimated to lead the market, comprising more than 80% of the vehicle electrification market in the region, followed by the LCV segment, in terms of both volume and value.

As Asia Oceania has the largest share of passenger cars, ICE vehicles are expected to dominate the vehicle electrification market in Asia Oceania.Countries such as China and India have plans to upgrade their emission regulations by 2020.

For instance, India is planning to skip BS V regulations by leapfrogging to BS VI. This is a positive development for the vehicle electrification market. Additionally, the demand for more electric and electronic components in vehicles helps drive vehicle electrification.

BREAKDOWN OF PRIMARIES The study contains insights provided by various industry experts, ranging from vehicle electrification OEMs to vehicle electrification component suppliers. The break-up of the primaries is as follows: By Company Type Tier-I - 25%, Tier-II - 20% OEMs 40%, and Others- 15% By Designation C level - 40%, D level - 35%, and Others** - 25% By Region North America - 35%, Europe - 35%, Asia Oceania - 25%, RoW-5%

Note: Others** include sales managers, product managers, and associations. Tier 1 - System suppliers to OEMs, Tier 2 - component suppliers to Tier 1. OEMs are Vehicle Manufacturers Others are Industry experts and Independent consultants The vehicle electrification market comprises major manufacturers such as Bosch (Germany), Continental (Germany), Denso (Japan), BorgWarner (US), and Mitsubishi Electric (Japan).

The report provides detailed profiles of the following companies: Bosch (Germany) Continental (Germany) Denso (Japan) Delphi (UK) Johnson Electric (Hong Kong) Mitsubishi Electric (Japan) BorgWarner (US) Magna (Canada) Aisin Seiki (Japan) Johnson Controls (US) ZF Friedrichshafen (Germany) Valeo (France) JTEKT Corp. (Japan) Hitachi Automotive Systems (Japan) Wabco Holding Inc (Belgium)

Research Coverage: The report provides a picture of the vehicle electrification market across different verticals and regions.It aims at estimating the market size and future growth potential of the vehicle electrification market, by product type, by degree of hybridization, 48V, by vehicle type, and by region.

Furthermore, the report also includes an in-depth competitive analysis of the key players in the market along with their company profiles, Vendor DIVE matrix, recent developments, and key market strategies.

Key Benefits of Buying the Report:

This report provides insights with reference to the following points: The report will help market leaders and new entrants in by providing them the closest approximations of the revenue numbers for the overall vehicle electrification market and subsegments. This report will help stakeholders better understand the competitor landscape and gain more insights to position their businesses better and make suitable go-to-market strategies. The report also helps stakeholders understand the pulse of the market and provides them information on key market drivers, restraints, challenges, and opportunities.Read the full report: https://www.reportlinker.com/p05099508/?utm_source=GNW

About ReportlinkerReportLinker is an award-winning market research solution. Reportlinker finds and organizes the latest industry data so you get all the market research you need - instantly, in one place.

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Vehicle Electrification Market by Product, 48V, ICE, BEV, HEV, PHEV, Vehicle Type And Region - Global Forecast to 2025 - Yahoo Finance UK

RENO, Nev., Sept. 16, 2020 (GLOBE NEWSWIRE) -- New Q2 data from Synergy Research Group shows that Amazon (AWS) and Alibaba are clear leaders in the APAC region cloud market, based on quarterly revenues. Amazon is the frontrunner in four of the five APAC sub-regions, while Alibaba has a strong lead in China and is also well placed in the rest of East Asia, South & Southeast Asia and Oceania. Microsoft is ranked second in three of the sub-regions, has a strong position in Japan and is placed third in the overall APAC region. The rest of the top-ranked cloud providers are either global players with a position in multiple markets - Google and IBM - or companies with a strong position in their home markets. Beyond Alibaba the next five cloud providers in China are all local companies, while Fujitsu and NTT are well placed in Japan, Naver and KT feature heavily in South Korea, and Telstra is a challenger in the Australian market. China is by far the largest market in the region, helping Tencent and Baidu to feature among the regions leaders. While all sub-regions are growing strongly, it is South & Southeast Asia that has the highest growth rate, thanks in large part to India.

APAC revenues from cloud infrastructure services were over $9 billion in Q2 and are growing at over 40% per year. Public IaaS is by far the largest segment in the region, followed by public PaaS and managed private cloud services. Public IaaS also had the highest growth rate in the quarter, though managed public cloud also features strongly due to particularly high growth in VPC and bare metal cloud services. The APAC region does not yet account for a third of the worldwide market but it is growing much more rapidly than either the North American or EMEA regional markets. After China, the largest country markets in the region are Japan, India, Australia and South Korea.

China is a unique market and remains dominated by local companies, but beyond China there is strong competition between a range of global and local companies. Amazon is the leader in four of the five sub-regions, but it is not the market leader in every country, said John Dinsdale, a Chief Analyst at Synergy Research Group. The challenge for local players is that in most ways cloud is a truly global market, requiring global presence, leading edge technology, strong brand name and credibility, extremely deep pockets and a long-term focus. For any local cloud companies looking to expand significantly beyond their home market, that is an extremely challenging proposition.

About Synergy Research Group

Synergy provides quarterly market sizing and segmentation data on cloud and related markets, including company revenues by segment and by region. Synergy Research Group (www.srgresearch.com) helps marketing and strategic decision makers around the world via its unique insights and in-depth analytics.

To speak to an analyst or to find out more about how to access Synergys market data, please contact Heather Gallo @ hgallo@srgresearch.comor at 775-852-3330 extension 101.

A photo accompanying this announcement is available at https://www.globenewswire.com/NewsRoom/AttachmentNg/33946525-046c-4f3e-9abb-40e875428c18

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AWS and Alibaba Lead the APAC Cloud Market; Microsoft, Tencent and Google in the Chasing Pack - GlobeNewswire

BEIJING, Sept. 18, 2020 /PRNewswire/ -- As the world enters a new era of international travel, Beijing Tourism is leading the way with a two-part online forum series, "Beijing Culture and Tourism Global Online Strategic Forum - Restart Travel, Together with Beijing."Held on 22-23 September 2020, the forum is aimed at tour operators and travel agencies who manage and sell travel to Beijing, destinations and tourism businesses around the world who can learn from Beijing's examples, and others working in the tourism industry and travel media. Attendees will come away with a practical understanding of how Beijing is tackling many of the most challenging issues facing international tourism, and looking ahead to the future, by embracing new technology, creative solutions, and learning from past experience.

The forum brings together an expert lineup of more than 30 speakers from throughout the tourism industry, including leaders such as Airbnb, TripAdvisor, Lufthansa Group, TUI, PATA, WYSE Travel Confederation, Marriott, and many others.

Each session features six panel discussions and keynote presentations. These address questions of how tourism can bounce back from COVID-19, the future of business travel and the MICE sector, and the role of youth travel in global tourism recovery.

Keynote speeches include a presentation from the Beijing Organizing Committee for the Olympic Games, and a Q&A session addressing Beijing's challenges as a tourism destination. Each forum session finishes with a research report presentation from McKinsey on global prospects for tourism recovery.

"Beijing Tourism's goal in building this platform is to welcome friends around the world to discuss how to restart travel not only travel to Beijing, but on an international level. As we move forward to embrace the new normal together, our Forum will develop confidence within the global travel industry by showing how Beijing and China are successfully leading the recovery of tourism," said Wei Pang, Deputy Director General, Beijing Municipal Culture and Tourism Bureau, Department of Foreign Exchanges and Cooperation.

The event will be held from 4pm China Standard Time (CST) on Tuesday, 22 September, for attendees in Africa, Asia, and Europe. A second session from 8am CST on Wednesday, 23 September, is aimed at attendees in the Americas and Oceania. Both forum sessions will be recorded and available for playback.

Please visit http://traveltrade.visitbeijing.com.cn/forum to register and view the full program.

Photo - https://mma.prnasia.com/media2/1276524/beijing_tourism_forum.jpg?p=medium600

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Beijing Culture and Tourism Spearheads Post-COVID Travel Recovery with Global Online Strategic Forum: "Restart Travel, Together with...

A conservative analysis of the potential health impacts of a proposed wastewater pipeline into the Pacific Ocean off South Canterbury has found they would be less than minor, a hearings panel was told on Tuesday.

The effects of the discharge on human health (from Oceania Dairys proposed 7.5km wastewater pipe at Glenavy) are predicted to be less than minor, particularly given the conservative nature of the risk assessment, Dr Helen Rebecca Stott, an environmental scientist with the National Institute of Water and Atmospheric Research Limited said.

The advanced wastewater treatment proposed, using UV disinfection, will improve the current microbiology quality of dairy processing wastewater to further reduce potential health risk from wastewaters discharged, Stott told the Environment Canterbury hearing being held in Waimate.

READ MORE:* Pipeline proposal 'more environmentally friendly', hearings panel told* Several hurdles for Oceania Dairy pipeline proposal to overcome* Oceania Dairy pipeline proposal labelled a "cultural abhorrence" * Waimate councillor 'flabbergasted' by Oceania Dairy pipeline proposal * Oceania Dairy wants to discharge 10 million litres a day of treated wastewater into Pacific Ocean

Stott has more than 20 years experience in environmental research and consultancy focussing on wastewater treatment, water quality and health.

My experience with dairy factories is that typically the wastewater treatment plant is only a dissolved air flotation plant but the wastewater treatment being proposed, particularly with UV disinfection, is an advanced kind of treatment being proposed by Oceania.

Typically, UV disinfection is a very good tertiary treatment in deactivating microbial contaminants, particularly microbial pathogens.

Stott said her quantative microbial risk assessment into the proposed pipelines effect on recreational water users was based on the current system without UV filtration and therefore considered conservative.

My risk assessment included modelling that used information from the predicted wastewater dilution from the shore, microbial pathogens detected in the Oceania processing wastewater and other model input variables including the intensity and duration of exposure.

She found that concentrations of three bacterial pathogens detected in the wastewater (Campylobacter, Listeria and Staphylococcus aureus) were unlikely to exceed the dose required to have a 1 per cent risk of infection after dilution in the surrounding environment.

Stott assessed the impact to humans through direct contact, ingestion and inhalation, such as from sea spray on the beach, despite recommendations that very little recreation activity occurs there.

Panel chairman Paul Rogers asked Stott how her analysis would change if the advised level of recreational activity was wrong, or were to change in the future.

Whenever you undertake a human health assessment we always take a precautionary approach and assume somebody could be walking along that coastline so that is the nature of the risk assessment.

The only differences might be if people were in a more immediate vicinity of that wastewater discharge at the output site, however, within my modelling I have taken a conservative approach in that I have not considered any deactivation of pathogens in the marine environment.

John Bisset/Stuff

Commissioner Hoani Langsbury asked why anglers and landowners against the proposal had not been questioned as part of the research into recreational use of the area.

She also eliminated the impact of sunlight in deactivating pathogens that come to the surface, she said.

The limited recreational use of the coast at the proposed site of the pipeline was presented by Rob Greenaway, an accredited recreation professional with Recreation Aotearoa.

The critical thing is the outfall location is in an area thats midway between two significant recreational areas the Waitaki River mouth and, further north, the Waihao River mouth, he said.

The site is 7.5 kilometres north of the Waitaki River and 11km south of Waihao, so the ability to have an impact on either of those sites is very limited.

He noted some recreational use was made of Morgans Beach Road, which has a picnic area and is used by some anglers and quadbikers, but said youd be very brave to swim in the waters along the coast because of dumping waves and the lack of lifeguards.

Having spoken to three anglers, he argued they were unlikely to travel to the beach at Archibald Rd, the proposed site for the pipeline, where fishing is not as good as at the river mouths and access is significantly harder, requiring travel along an unformed road and a scramble down to the beach.

When questioned by commissioner Hoani Langsbury about his interviews, Greenaway conceded he had not spoken to the anglers who had submitted against the proposal, or the landowners along the coast.

He agreed with the panel that landowners may be more likely to fish there due to convenience.

supplied

Map of the coastline where Oceania Dairy proposes to construct its wastewater pipe, including all beach access points.

Langsbury asked whether access to the coast at Archibald Rd would be improved by the construction of the pipeline and would entice more people, but Greenaway did not think that would be the case because there is still little appeal to the site over others along the coast.

He said there were good reasons that a recreation setting had not been developed there.

It would be a lot of work to create and it would be a lot of work to maintain it. I would be very, very surprised if there was any demand, to be honest, for recreation at Archibald Rd.

Panel member Emma Christmas asked whether recreational use may be further reduced if it were to become a discharge site.

The real effects, the potential health effects, are negligible so that is a good starting point, Greenaway said.

There can be perceptional issues, clearly, and that depends on the angler.

Based on my experience people tend to go where there are fish.

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Health impacts of Oceania Dairy's pipeline 'less than minor', hearing told - Stuff.co.nz