Daily Archives: June 17, 2020

Written by Saurabh Prashar | Chandigarh | Published: June 15, 2020 4:03:17 am In true sense, the post of SSP (Chandigarh) had remained with AGMUT cadre IPS officers from Delhi till 1990.

The three-year long tenure of incumbent SSP Nilambri Vijay Jagdale is set to end in August. Last week, Punjab government sent a panel of three names of IPS officers, Kuldeep Singh Chahal, 2009 batch, Patil Ketan Baliram, 2010 batch, and Vivek Sheel Soni of 2011 batch to the UT Administration for the post of SSP. As the Congress-led Punjab government sent the panel, issues including the selection process for the post, the role of SSP and what makes it mandatory that SSP (Chandigarh) should be appointed from the Punjab cadre, despite the UT being the joint capital of two states Punjab and Haryana, came to the fore.

Background

The Chandigarh police was reorganised on November 1, 1966, when Haryana was carved from Punjab and Chandigarh was given the status of the joint capital of Punjab and Haryana. At that time, there was only one post of IPS, SSP (Chandigarh) which lay with AGMUT cadre IPS officers from Delhi. VK Kalia, an AGMUT cadre IPS, was the first SSP of Chandigarh from Delhi. Three other subsequent SSPs, including IJ Verma, ML Bhanot and Gautam Kaul were also of AGMUT cadre from Delhi. From 1966 to 1979, the post of SSP in Chandigarh had remained the top most in the UT police department. The post of Inspector General of Police (IGP), Chandigarh, was created in 1979. IPS BN Mehra from Delhi was the first IGP, Chandigarh police, from 1979 to 1983.

How SSP (Chandigarh) came to Punjab cadre

In true sense, the post of SSP (Chandigarh) had remained with AGMUT cadre IPS officers from Delhi till 1990. It was given to Punjab when terrorism was at its peak in the state and the Union Ministry of Home Affairs, that governs Chandigarh related matters, felt the need of better coordination between Punjab and the central government in view of the law and order situation. The then Home Minister of India, Mufti Mohammed Sayeed, agreed to give the post to Punjab cadre. A retired police officer said, Though the fifth SSP Chandigarh, GS Aujla, was from Punjab cadre but for a brief tenure of 1981-82. IPS Sumedh Singh Saini was the first full-fledged SSP Chandigarh of Punjab cadre from 1991 to 1994. Since then, the post of SSP lies with Punjab cadre IPS officers. Subsequently, the post of IG rank was also created and this post was reserved for AGMUT cadre officers of Delhi. SP (Security/Traffic) was given to Haryana cadre IPS officer. The rule of 60:40 between Punjab and Haryana does not apply to the cadre posts of IAS/IPS officers posted in Chandigarh. The rule is only meant for PCS, HCS and other junior rank officers.

Selection criteria

SSP (Chandigarh) is a cadre post with a three-year tenure. Any IPS officer deployed here from Punjab can serve for three years, including in two years of deputation and one of extension. It is the discretion of Punjab state government to send a panel of three eligible IPS officers for the post of SSP to UT Administrator. The UT Administrator discusses the panel with other officers including Adviser, Home Secretary and Finance Secretary. After considering their Annual Confidential Reports (ACRs), seniority, job profile and background, UT Administrator sends the file to the MHA with one recommendation. It is in purview of the MHA to either to accept or reject the name.

Importance and the politics behind it

The post of SSP (Chandigarh) is considered to be influential and important. Responsible for maintaining law and order, SSP, Chandigarh, is the most powerful person after the IGP in police department. The ruling party in Punjab always gives priority to its most favoured IPS officer for the post. However, the equation invites tussle if rival parties are in power in the Center and the state. Earlier, panels of IPS officers sent by the state government to UT Administration were rejected by the MHA twice, only to place an officer of their choice in the office.

Current scenario

From 1990s to 2020, the charisma and aura around the post of SSP has changed a lot. In 1990s, there used to be only one SSP with authority on all the police stations and independent investigation cells including crime branch etc. With the passage of time, circumstances changed and the role of SSP got confined to maintaining law and order, IRB and Foreigner National Registration office. Many important wings like Crime branch and Police lines was brought under other IPS officers of AGMUT cadre, Delhi.

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Evolution of SSP in Chandigarh: What is its relation to Punjab? - The Indian Express

June 16 (UPI) -- Computer models suggest the unique challenge of hunting on savanna-like landscapes accelerated brain evolution among terrestrial species.

The simulations -- detailed Tuesday in the journal Nature Communications -- offer an explanation for why animals on land evolved bigger, more powerful brains than their aquatic ancestors.

"All animals -- on land or in water -- had the same amount of time to evolve, so why do land animals have most of the smarts?" lead study author Malcolm MacIver, professor of biomedical engineering at Northwestern University, said in a news release. "Our work shows that it's not just about what's in the head but also about what's in the environment."

Dolphins and whales are quite intelligent, and they live in the ocean, a seeming contradiction, but like many of the smartest sea creatures, they evolved on land before returning to the sea relatively recently on the evolutionary timeline.

MacIver hypothesized that hunting on land forced terrestrial animals to develop advanced planning strategies, instead of relying on simple habit -- see minnow, chase minnow.

In an earlier study, MacIver used computer models to show that animals that transitioned from the sea to land quickly evolved more powerful eyesight. Their new and improved eyesight required greater brainpower. However, the supercomputer models developed by MacIver showed improved eyesight was necessary but not sufficient, on its own, for advanced planning.

In the followup simulations, MacIver's models determined animals with long-distance vision evolved advanced planning strategies when placed in landscapes featuring a mix of open spaces and more densely vegetated areas -- like grassland peppered with patches of forest.

"We speculated that moving onto land poured jet fuel on the evolution of the brain as it may have advantaged the hardest cognitive operation there is: Envisioning the future," MacIver said. "It could explain why we can go out for seafood, but seafood can't go out for us."

MacIver and his colleagues built a new model to determine how prey would evolve their behavior in an open water-like world featuring predators hunting by habit and a savanna-like world with predators using advanced planning.

"When defining complex cognition, we made a distinction between habit-based action and planning," MacIver said. "The important thing about habit is that it is inflexible and outcome independent. That's why you keep entering your old password for a while after changing it. In planning, you have to imagine different futures and choose the best potential outcome."

In both worlds, prey didn't fare well, regardless of whether they used habit-based behaviors or relied on planning. The model revealed similarly low survival rates for prey in crowded environs, such as coral reefs and jungle.

"In those simple open or highly packed environments, there is no benefit to planning," MacIver said. "In the open aquatic environments, you just need to run in the opposite direction and hope for the best. While in the highly packed environments, there are only a few paths to take, and you are not able to strategize because you can't see far. In these environments, we found that planning does not improve your chances of survival."

However, when the model used a savanna-like landscape, featuring a mix of open space and patches of vegetation or complex topography, prey using planning instead of habit-based behaviors benefited from a large increase in survival rates.

The findings suggest the challenge of finding prey and avoiding predation in variable landscapes like savannas fueled the development of bigger, more powerful brains among land animals.

MacIver's theory for how terrestrial animals evolved greater intelligence mirrors the explanation for the accelerated brain development of early humans.

"When we split off from life in the trees with chimpanzees nearly seven million years ago and quickly quadrupled in brain size, paleoecology studies point to our having invaded patchy landscapes, similar to those our study highlights, as giving the biggest payoff for strategic thinking," MacIver said.

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Challenge of hunting, hiding on land accelerated brain evolution - UPI News

The U.S. payments landscape has faced several hurdles when it comes to contactless adoption. But while the growth of contactless payments in the country has been slow, it is expected to gain increased traction through 2020 due to the proliferation of contactless-capable point of sale (POS) devices, the availability of contactless cards and growth of mobile wallet options. On top of this, the launch of new large-scale use cases, such as New York Citys contactless subway, are creating more consumer interest in contactless payment methods.

The momentum behind adoption has been given an additional boost as COVID-19 has quickly become a disruptor across the payments landscape and caused a sharp acceleration in the use of contactless payment methods. The more evidence one considers, the more this marked shift in consumer behavior shows its potential to have a long-term impact.

Unexpected health and safety concerns have arisen during the pandemic, such as possible risks around physical interactions with cash. Its no surprise then that new research from my company shows 55% of U.S. consumers are concerned about handling cash. Likewise, chip-and-pin card machines are equally, if not more, unhygienic.

Many consumers are instead turning toward contactless payment options like smartwatches, mobile phones, and contactless debit and credit cards to avoid spreading or contracting the virus. In the past month, 50% of U.S. consumers reported using contactless payment methods at least four times, with 69% agreeing contactless payments were more convenient than cash. In fact, many stores are encouraging customers to use contactless as much as possible to reduce the virus spread.

Our research also suggests this shift in favor of contactless is likely to create a sustainable change in attitudes, enduring long after restrictions tied to the pandemic have been lifted. 60% of U.S. consumers said using contactless during the pandemic has made them more comfortable with the idea of using the payment method in the future, which is a sentiment with the potential to trigger a domino effect for contactless adoption in the U.S.

Also poised to further transform the payments landscape is 5G technology, which is expected to come to fruition in mobile networks later this year. By eliminating connectivity issues across the transaction process, 5G will help decrease time between when a payment is made and the confirmation of that payment for consumer transactions.

This increased speed and connectivity will better facilitate digital payment methods, improve the consumer experience and lead to yet more adoption of contactless methods.

My companys global consumer data from 2018 also shows that those currently adopting mobile payments technology (84%) overwhelmingly prefer it over cash. A further three quarters (77%) agree that mobile wallets were more convenient than contactless cards, with 85% predicting they will be using mobile wallets to make payments in two years time. The combination of mobile technologys growth and repeat usage during the pandemic could cause these frictionless methods to be further normalized among U.S. consumers.

Combine this mobile wallet use with the rise in other contactless methods, and we may find consumers even refuse to shop where contactless payments arent accepted in the future, not just because of public health concerns but new preferences.

With all of this momentum for contactless, its no surprise that 57% of U.S. consumers said that using contactless during the COVID-19 pandemic has made them more comfortable with the concept of a cashless society.

As connectivity improves and product and infrastructural groundwork evolves in the U.S., consumers may well look to contactless permanently for a new and improved user experience.

Daniel Kornitzer, Chief Business Development Officer at Paysafe a leading specialized payments platform that serves hundreds of thousands of merchants and business partners around the world, as well as millions of consumers. Before starting his role at Paysafe, Kornitzer served as Paysafes EVP and Chief Product Officer. Prior to re-joining the Group in 2014, he was CEO and Board Member of SiteSell.com. In his 20+ years in technology management, Kornitzer has pioneered groundbreaking initiatives, from one of the worlds first over-the-phone speech recognition systems and the ISO/ITU standards for video coding in use today, to FirePays digital wallet and industry-leading risk management processes. Kornitzer holds a B.Eng in electrical engineering from Ecole Polytechnique of Montreal; a M. Eng from McGill University and a diploma in network engineering from the University of Toronto.

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COVID-19, 5G and the Evolution of Contactless Payments - Crowdfund Insider

New research suggests that searches for extraterrestrial intelligent civilizations not only reveals the existence of how life forms, but also gives us clues for how long our own civilization will last, according to astrophysicist Christopher Conselice, based on the hypothesis that it takes 5 billion years for intelligent life to form on exoplanets, as it did on Earth.

If we find that intelligent life is common, Conselice says, looking at evolution a cosmic scale called the Astrobiological Copernican Limit, then this would reveal that our civilization could exist for much longer than a few hundred years, alternatively if we find that there are no active civilizations in our Galaxy it is a bad sign for our own long-term existence. By searching for extraterrestrial intelligent lifeeven if we find nothingwe are discovering our own future and fate.

Astrobiological Copernican Limits

Reinforcing the Fermi Paradox, the average distance to these civilizations would be 17,000 light-years away, making detection and communication very difficult with our present technology. It is also possible that we are the only civilization within our Galaxy unless the survival times of civilizations are long and that they survive there own Anthropocene Epochs.

The two Astrobiological Copernican limits are that intelligent life forms in less than 5 billion years, or after about 5 billion yearssimilar to on Earth where a communicating civilization formed after 4.5 billion years. In the strong criteria, whereby a metal content equal to that of the Sun is needed (the Sun is relatively speaking quite metal rich), the new research calculates that there should be around 36 active civilizations in our Galaxy.

The Exoplanet Revolution May Reveal Artifacts of Extinct Civilizations

The new study led by the University of Nottingham and published today in The Astrophysical Journal has taken this new approach to this problem. There should be at least a few dozen active civilizations in our Galaxy, says Google Scholar, Conselice.

The classic method for estimating the number of intelligent civilizations relies on making guesses of values relating to life, whereby opinions about such matters vary quite substantially, says first author Tom Westby. Our new study simplifies these assumptions using new data, giving us a solid estimate of the number of civilizations in our Galaxy.

Milky Ways Higher Probability to Harbor Advanced Technological Civilizations

The research shows that the number of civilizations depends strongly on how long they are actively sending out signals of their existence into space, such as radio transmissions from satellites, television. If other technological civilizations last as long as ours which is currently 100 years old, then there will be about 36 ongoing intelligent technical civilizations throughout our Galaxy.

The Daily Galaxy, Sam Cabot via University of Nottingham

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Cosmic Evolution There Could Be More Than 30 Intelligent Civilizations in the Milky Way - The Daily Galaxy --Great Discoveries Channel

The Honda Civic Type R just keeps getting faster with age, but no matter which year you opt for, this performance Civic will give you a thrilling ride

The talented engineer Honda Soichiro founded the Honda Technical Research Institute in 1946 to produce small engines. The Honda C-100, a small-engine bike, was introduced 7 years later and by 1959 was the best selling motorcycle in the world. While the company is a leading motorcycle manufacturer, the bulk of its sales come from automobiles, which Honda started producing in 1963. Among its fuel-efficient cars have been the Civic and Accord.

The Honda Civic Type R is one of the hottest hatches in the world. Its red badge has been a symbol of Japanese engineering marvel and performance. It comes in a lightweight body and features upgraded chassis and brakes. The car had been a forbidden fruit in the US ever since the introduction in 1997. But in 2017, the US could finally get its hands on the Type R. This is why we love the Honda Civic Type R.

The 1997 EK9 was the first Civic to get the Type R nameplate. Under the hood sat a B16B engine boasting the highest power output per liter of all time for a naturally-aspirated unit. It delivered 182 hp at 8.200 rpm. For the first time the company used seam welded monocoque chassis.

In 2001, Honda unveiled the EP3 to the UK market, which was a hot 3-door hatchback. It featured a 197-hp 2.0L engine and a unique treatment of upgraded brakes and seam welding. Thanks to these enhancements, the EP3 could hit 60 mph in 5.8 seconds and get to a top speed of 141 mph.

In 2003, Honda decided to celebrate 30 years of the Civic by offering a unique Civic Type R. These models were available in silver, black, and red. Only 300 units were made, 100 in each color. Under the hood sat the same 2.0L engine that pushed the car to 100 mph in 15.1 seconds.

RELATED:New Civic Type R Limited Edition To Conquer the 'Ring

In 2005, Honda released the final Premier Edition EP3 Type R with tinted rear windows and enhanced interior materials. The car left the factory with one of the Honda's best engines, the K20 2.0-liter naturally-aspirated four-cylinder unit that was good for 212 hp. Today, these models are starting to fetch good money.

For the first time, the Civic Type R was sold as a four-door saloon. The engine generated 222 horsepower at 8.000 rpm and 159 lb. ft. of torque at 6.100 rpm. According to Honda, the chassis was 50% more rigid than those in previous Type Rs. Aluminum was extensively used to save weight.

The 2007 FN2 was offered only in Europe as a three-door hatchback and used unique chassis and internal layout. The car offered 198 horsepower at 7.800 rpm and 142 lb. ft. of torque at 5.600 rpm. Thanks to aluminum body panels, its curb weight was only 2.910 lbs. It rode on 19-inch Rage alloys.

The 2015 FK2 was powered by the Direct Fuel Injection 1,996 cc turbocharged inline-four engine with a power output of 306 hp and maximum torque of 295 lb. ft. The engine was mated to a six-speed manual transmission. According to Honda, the car could hit 62 mph in 5.7 seconds.

RELATED:Hondata Unveils Hardcore Civic Type R Tuning Packages

The 2016 Honda Civic Type-R was a real deal - a raw and aggressive hatch. It was the second time the Japanese company turbocharged the Civic, taking everyone's favorite car to a new level. To match its racer looks, the Type-R packed a 2.0L VTEC engine delivering 228 kW and 400 Nm.

The 2016 Mugen Type R was an aerodynamic package for the Civic. It included unique front canards and side skirts, an upgraded rear diffuser, and a new front lip spoiler. All parts were made of carbon fiber with a carbon fiber hood as an option. A new exhaust system featured a monstrous pipe.

The 2017 Civic Type-R was an entirely different car American enthusiasts lusted for. The turbocharged 2.0L engine was at its core to break from the old-style performance. The unit cranked out 306 horsepower and 295 lb. ft. of torque. Honda said there were 3.117 pounds to pull around, and the engine did it without a hiccup.

The 2017 FK8 got the same turbocharged engine as its predecessor but the power was increased to 316 hp. The engine was paired with a six-speed manual transmission to continue the tradition of previous Type Rs. With a top speed of 169 mph, it was the fastest Civic Type R to date.

RELATED:2020 Honda Civic Type R Receives Performance, Styling Updates

In 2017, the Type-R achieved a lap time of 7:43.80 on the Nrburgring and set a record for the fastest front-wheel-drive car. It also won many awards. It was voted "International Editors Choice and overall Car of the Year 2017." What Car also awarded the Type R its Hot Hatch of the Year award.

The 2018 Civic Type-R featured a massaged version of the tried and tested 2.0L turbocharged engine good for 306 hp and 295 lb. ft. of torque. According to drivers who've tested the car, the torque came on nicely and resulted in ample hustle. With the exhaust pipes the size of cannons, the noise wasn't overpowering.

In 2019, Honda finally perfected the performance of the Civic Type R by prioritizing chassis tuning. The powertrain is a six-speed manual transmission paired with a turbocharged four-cylinder engine. This setup delivers 306 horsepower, which is more than enough to fill your stomach with butterflies. The hatchback gets to 60 mph in 4.9 seconds.

The 2020 Honda Civic Type-R features an exclusive turbocharged four-cylinder engine that makes 306 hp and 295 lb. ft. of torque. The most notable upgrades include new brake rotors to "inhibit fade during hard braking" and revised front suspension to improve steering feel. As a bonus, the 2020 model gets lots of driver-assist features.

NEXT:The Evolution Of The Honda Civic In Pictures

Next 14 European Sports Sedans We Can't Get Enough Of (1 That Sucks)

Chris is a proficient reader and writer. He has written for many publications including TheRichest, TheClever, TheQuiz, and ListVerse. Cars are his passion.

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This Is The Evolution Of The Honda Civic Type R | HotCars - HotCars

"Coalitions do not work, are not satisfactory and have a kind of political paralysis."

These were the words of the then taoiseach, CharlesHaughey, when he spoke to RT on the second day of the count following the general election of 1989.

Just three weeks later, havinglooked intothe abyss of another election campaign and, presumably, not liking what he saw, he signed up to acoalitiondeal with the Progressive Democrats led by Des O'Malley.

It was a watershed moment, marking the end of Fianna Fil's long-standing aversion tocoalitions.

Before then, dating to the five party plus government of 1948, coalitions had been a case of Fianna Fil versus the rest.

While itsdominance continued long afterwards, 1989 was a marker that Fianna Fil too would have to go fishing for partners like everybody else.

Coalitions of Chaos

The reputation that coalitions had for instability lasted well before and after those comments byHaughey.

Butin more recent history, coalitions shook off theirassociation withparalysis and chaos, and became more of a political fact of life.

TwoFianna Fil-PD coalitions ran for full terms between1997 to 2007,led by Bertie Ahern.

While these coalitions spanned the era of tribunals examining corruption,theyalso oversaw a period of unprecedented economic growth, the NorthernPeace Process and Ireland'sPresidency of theEuropeanCouncil.

When the public financesdisimproved, so too did their reputation for stability. The Green Party-Fianna Filcoalition formed in 2007,which had lasted four years, ended intears after the arrival of the bailout Troika.

TheLabourand Fine Gael governmentlasted from the post-crash years of 2011 to 2016. It was a term during which Ireland exited the bailout and the public finances were restored. It also oversaw the successful marriage equality referendum, which was a big policy objective of Labour.

But ultimately, the smaller party got savaged by the electorate, who blamedLabourfor its role in the implementation ofausterity measures thatwere completely at odds with their pre-election, pre-coalition promises.

The price of power

Labour, like the Green Party before it, learned the hard way that power comes with a price. In the last ten years, both went from their best ever to worst ever electoral performances after serving as a junior partner.

It seems to be the political law of gravity that the smaller party gets punished (although this has not always been the case, the PDs doubled theirseats in 2002 after serving in coalition).

The backdrop to the coalition currently being proposed means the stakes are even higher. There is a far greater number of parties and groupings, a far more fragmented Dil and therefore a more competitive playing field.

There is also the factor that the coalition proposed this time is far wider and mixed,meaning that the smaller party may not necessarily play the role of mudguard. Fianna Fil and Fine Gael could well end up doing that for each other.

While it is usually the role of the smaller party to try to preserve their "brand identity" while in coalition,by ensuring their policies are implemented,this time all three parties will be striving for status.

Put together, this means political competition both external and internal will be intense.

The new normal

While coalitions of the past have managed to reshape and remould politics, none has ever had the potential to recast politics so dramatically as the one that is currently on the cards.

It would mark not just the end of the historic Fianna Fil - Fine Gael dichotomy that has been a defining feature of our politicalhistory.

It would also mark the start of a multi/party government system that is likely to be here to stay. The coalition that will now be voted on by party members might be hard to get our heads around.

But a multi-party government isthe more organic outcome of the proportionate representation voting system which in other countries where it is practised has long since resulted in a wider number of smaller parties and multi-party governments, where policies are formed by cross-party alliances and consensus.

This trend was commented on by Michel Martin at the launch of 'How Ireland Voted'in December 2016.

At a speech to a gathering in Trinity College, he described how Irish politics is in transition, "moving away from the Westminster model of parliament" to becoming "solidly European in terms of numbers of parties and complexity of government".

If, as now seems likely, he becomes Taoiseach in the coming days it will be as a result of the process that he foresaw in the early days of the confidence and supply deal.

It will be another watershed moment in the evolution of Irish politics.

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'A watershed moment in the evolution of Irish politics' - RTE.ie

Harry Styles is one of the most popular recording artists in the world. After leaving One Direction in 2016, hes found a successful solo career and has become one of the music industrys biggest fashion icons. From his early boy band days to his androgynous Met Gala appearances, heres are 10 of Styles best looks over the years.

Styles burst on to the music scene in 2010 when he auditioned for Britains version of The X Factor. He was initially eliminated and then brought back to form a band with other contestants, including Zayn Malik and Liam Payne. Styles suggested the bands name, One Direction, and although they didnt win the season, they went on to become a chart-topping musical sensation.

He was only 16-years-old and had come to London for the first time from his small hometown Redditch, England. With his cool scarf and flowing hair, Styles looked ready for stardom from the get-go.

RELATED: Rumor Has It Adele and Harry Styles Are About to Drop a Song Together and Fans Are Freaking out Again

As a member of One Direction, Styles often coordinated with the rest of the band. But his personal look was always just a little more polished than the others. In many appearances with the band, Styles would don a blazer when the rest were in jackets or sweaters.

In 2012, Styles was spotted attending fashion shows in and around London. And his fashion choices started becoming a little more sophisticated. In this look from the 2012 Brit Awards, the popstar is weathering a grey three-piece suit, with a statement black bowtie.

During his very first X Factor audition, Styles wore a skinny scarf and pulled it off effortlessly. In 2013, when attending the Brit Fashion Awards, the singer revisited the style. He wore a black blazer, black pants, and shirt, with a skinny black and white polka-dot scarf looped around his neck.

By 2014, Styles was attending fashion shows regularly, and his own style choices began getting bolder. At the 2014 Brit Fashion Awards, he wore a black and red pin-striped double-breasted suit. It was a fierce fashion choice, and he carried it off perfectly.

At the 2015 American Music Awards, Styles wore a white and grey floral printed bell-bottom suit. With his long hair and tie-front velvet shirt, this look was more androgynous than his previous red carpet looks. And it was when he seemed to really be breaking from the bands uniform style choices.

By 2017, Styles was comfortable experimenting with color and prints. While in New York City for the Today show, the singer wore a bright pink double-breasted suit with a black shirt, and wowed the crowd with his performance of Carolina.

In 2019, Styles attended the Met Gala with one of his most amazing looks yet. The theme for the night was Camp: Notes Fashion, and the singer wore a sheer, peasant sleeve, ruffle neck black Gucci blouse with a dangling pearl earring. He also wore rainbow-colored nail polish, which he still does from time to time.

Styles appeared on Saturday Night Live as a host and musical guest in November 2019. In his monologue and his performances, the pop star wore bright and bold colored suits. He also wore numerous rings and displayed his brightly colored nails throughout the night.

In 2020, the singer was seen at multiple events wearing a string of pearls. At the Brit Awards in February, he wore his pearls with a maroon double-breasted suit, a lavender sweater with a scalloped peter pan collar, and Mary Jane flats.

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Harry Styles' Fashion Evolution: His 10 Best Looks Over the Years - Showbiz Cheat Sheet

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Marijuana Market Evolution of Key Players That Will Change Industry: Cara Therapeutics, Cannabis Sativa, CannaGrow Holdings - Owned

As Huawei pushes forward with its mobile plans sans access to Google applications and the Play Store, the Huawei AppGallery will become increasingly important. Not only as a platform to download new mobile applications, but also a tool for developers wanting to gain access to a new audience.

While the AppGallery has existed on older Huawei phones that ran Google Mobile Services, if were completely honest about our experiences, it was often pushed to side in favour of the Play Store. As such, like many of the duplicated apps that could not be deleted at the time, the AppGallery felt a bit like bloatware.

Thats changed today though, with Huawei Mobile Services now core to the mobile experience on new devices launched this year, such as the P40 series, and the AppGallery playing the crucial complementary role to this.

To gain a better understanding of how the app marketplace has evolved to its current state, as well as how Huawei goes about selecting or porting apps to the store, along with what developers stand to gain from joining it, we spoke with Huawei Mobile South Africa CTO, Akhram Mohamed.

Heres what he had to say about the AppGallery, and why it forms part of a larger ecosystem that Huawei is quickly aiming to bring to fruition.

As mentioned earlier, the AppGallery has been around for a few years now, but is now front and centre to the Huawei mobile experience. As such, for many users the functionality available will be foreign, but as Mohamed explains, it has been there for some time.

I think historically, because we were running the core services on GMS, it (AppGallery) was an app repository, just like any other. It didnt drive our agenda as we did not have a specific need to create tools for the entire ecosystem, says Mohamed.

Now that we have shifted to HMS it means that we will be owning the entire ecosystem. It therefore becomes crucial that we dont just simply have a place where apps are downloaded, and now were focusing on how to improve the entire experience, he notes.

The CTO adds that the companys hand being forced as far as developing its own mobile ecosystem goes, has also proved beneficial for the AppGallery, particularly when it comes to porting apps over to the new store.

This, as the previous scenario saw the AppGallery being ignored for the most part, with the Play Store being favoured most of time.

The current landscape then, has seen Huawei engage more intimately with developers.

By going the HMS route, we have a vast number of new users across the globe and in South Africa too. This creates a great case for developers to say that I can now monetise this and reach these consumers, according to Mohamed.

Sticking with the idea of porting apps and growing the AppGallery library, the CTO tells us that Huaweis plan as far as getting the most popular global and local apps in its store has been a success to date.

He estimates that the list, which Huawei created for the apps it deemed crucial to having in its store, is currently sitting at around 95 percent completion. He also notes that this list is in a constant state of evolution, as Huawei continues to learn what its users are wanting in terms of app availability.

We had to go an do extensive research. That was through third-party paid research, to find out what are the most popular apps and what do South African consumers want. At the same time we looked at global trends and data, Mohamed explains.

He points out that usability played a bit part in selecting the priority apps for the AppGallery, as the number of downloads only paint part of the picture.

Looking at some of the strides that Huawei has been making of late, the CTO highlights partnerships and collaboration a key focus moving forward, with the companys recent work alongside Capitec serving as an example.

That said he does stress that Huawei is taking a different approach to partnerships than what you may typically think they would involve.

Its important for me to clarify what partnership means. Partnerships are not just marketing. For us, partnerships is about looking at value and how we can be different, he says.

Having a number of different banking applications to match that of another app store is not what were after, as it does not make us better. What were looking for is how to make the partnership and porting of the application part of the native Huawei experience. In our partnerships we are looking for deep integration, he continues.

Shifting to the consumer and developer response around HMS and the AppGallery, Mohamed is truly pleased with the numbers he has seen to date, which he says is all the more impressive given the short period of time that HMS-powered Huawei phones have been on the market.

While the COVID-19 pandemic and national lockdown posed significant challenges for Huawei, as it did most of the consumer technology industry, the CTO notes that Huawei has been able to garner substantial customer satisfaction and sales despite several hurdles.

To that end he notes that customer satisfaction since HMS devices launched in the country is sitting at 97 percent, with much of this down to the fact that Huawei had its digital channels in place before lockdown began, along with a 24/7 customer care platform for local users being up and running.

Added to this is a rather bold prediction too.

In terms of volumes, our total sales percentage of HMS devices in South Africa within the next two months will exceed the total sales of GMS in the same period compared to last year, the CTO says.

When we asked for more insight into the prediction, he explained that this year-on-year projection, which started with a slight slump in March due to the lockdown, but recovered steadily since then.

We need to see the likes of GfK and other market analysts confirming the sales figures, but if it the projection does hold true, it seems like the Huawei brand is far stronger than we originally estimated, and the lack of Google on devices is not as big a purchasing decision as we thought it would be.

It would also go a long way to affirming that Huawei Mobile Services and the AppGallery has a burgeoning user and developer community, with the latter being an area that Mohamed says the company is still determined to nurture despite not being able to host in-person dev days, as its done previously.

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The latest evolution of the Huawei AppGallery is ecosystem-focused - htxt.africa

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