El seasteading (contraccin de sea mar y homesteading colonizacin) es un concepto de creacin de viviendas permanentes en el mar, llamadas seasteads, fuera de los territorios reclamados por los gobiernos de cualquier nacin en pie.[1] Al menos dos personas de forma independiente comenzaron a usar el trmino: Neumeyer Ken en su libro Sailing the Farm (1981) y Wayne Gramlich en su artculo "Seasteading - Homesteading on the High Seas" (1998).
La mayora de seasteads propuestos son buques crucero modificados, plataformas marinas readaptadas e islas flotantes hechas a medida, mientras algunos de los sistemas de gestin propuestos guardan parentesco con el de ciudad-estado.[2] Hasta el momento no se ha creado un estado en alta mar que haya sido reconocido como una nacin soberana, aunque el Principado de Sealand es una micronacin en disputa constituida en una plataforma marina abandonada cerca de Suffolk, Inglaterra.[3] Lo ms parecido a un seastead que se ha construido hasta ahora son grandes naves de alta mar que a veces se llaman "ciudades flotantes" y pequeas islas flotantes.
Fuera de la Zona Econmica Exclusiva de 200 millas nuticas (370 km), que los pases pueden reclamar de acuerdo con la Convencin de las Naciones Unidas sobre el Derecho del Mar, en alta mar no se est sujeto a las leyes de nacin soberana alguna que no sea la bandera bajo la cual un barco navega (ver aguas internacionales). Algunos ejemplos de organizaciones que utilizan esta posibilidad son Women on Waves, que permite abortos a las mujeres en los pases donde los abortos estn sujetos a estrictas leyes, y las estaciones de radio piratas navegando por el mar del Norte durante los aos sesenta (como Radio Caroline). Al igual que estas organizaciones, un seastead podra ser capaz de aprovecharse de las leyes y reglamentos ms flexibles que existen fuera de la soberana de las naciones, y tener en gran medida un autogobierno.
El Seasteading Institute, fundado por Wayne Gramlich y Patri Friedman el 15 de abril de 2008, es una organizacin formada para facilitar el establecimiento de comunidades autnomas flotantes sobre plataformas martimas operando en aguas internacionales.[4][5] El artculo de Gramlich de 1998 "SeaSteading. - Homesteading en alta mar", describe el concepto de steading asequible, y atrajo la atencin de Friedman con su propuesta de proyecto de pequea escala.[6] Los dos comenzaron a trabajar juntos y registraron su primer "libro" colaborativo en lnea en 2001, que explora aspectos del seasteading, desde la eliminacin de residuos hasta los pabellones de conveniencia.
El proyecto tuvo la exposicin meditica en 2008 despus de haber llamado la atencin del fundador de PayPal Peter Thiel, que invirti 500000 $ en el instituto y desde entonces ha hablado en nombre de su viabilidad, y ms recientemente en su ensayo "La educacin de un libertario" publicado en lnea por Cato Unbound. El Seasteading Institute ha recibido la atencin de los medios, como CNN, la revista Wired, y la revista Prospect.[7][4][8][9] "Cuando Seasteading se convierta en una alternativa viable, el cambio de un gobierno a otro sera un asunto navegar hacia otro inclusive sin siquiera salir de su casa", dijo Friedman en la primera conferencia anual Seasteading.[4][10][11]
Continued here:
Seasteading - Wikipedia, la enciclopedia libre
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