Category Archives: Offshore

W&T Offshore won two blocks in the U.S. Gulf of Mexico during the last federal lease sale under the Trump administration held last week.

The Houston offshore oil company was the apparent high bidder on two shallow-water properties spanning 8,800 acres called Eugene Island South Addition block 389 and Ewing Banks block 979. The company will pay about $518,000 for the two leases, which will last five years and pay a 12.5 percent royalty.

Offshore oil companies are buying up leases in the U.S. Gulf of Mexico as they expect to face new drilling regulations under the incoming Biden presidency. The Nov. 18 federal auction netted about $120 million in high bids, an improvement over the March auction that resulted in $93 million in high bids and exceeded expectations given the pandemic, according to S&P Global Platts.

The Biden administration discussed plans to ban drilling on federal lands, which may have led some operators to jump at the chance of securing more blocks before the window becomes limited in the future, said Sami Yahya, Platts senior energy analyst.

MAD DASH: Drillers scramble for Gulf leases before Biden takes office

Under the Trump administration, the federal government has held two annual auctions since 2017, making 78 million acres of federal property available for oil and gas drilling. The Bureau of Ocean Energy Management delayed the August auction until November because of the pandemic.

At the Wednesday auction, 23 oil companies submitted 105 bids for federal leases, up from 22 oil companies submitting 84 bids in March. By contrast, 30 oil companies submitted 257 bids in March 2019 with the number of high bids totaling $244 million, Platts said.

Results of the latest auction are far less lucrative for the federal government than auctions held before the 2014-16 oil bust, when leases used to net more than $1 billion, Platts said.

Although oil companies may have won leases by submitting the highest bid, the federal Bureau of Ocean Energy Management reserves the right not to award leases based on their minimum bidding criteria. W&T said it expects the final award results over the next three months.

Read more:

Houston offshore oil company wins two lease blocks in the U.S. Gulf of Mexico - Houston Chronicle

Written by AZoCleantechNov 27 2020

A new study by the University of Hawaii (UH) reports that twice as much freshwater is stored offshore of Hawaii Island compared to what was thought earlier. This could have crucial implications for volcanic islands throughout the world.

As part of the Hawaii EPSCoR Ike Wai project, UH researchers have mapped a wide reservoir of freshwater inside the submarine southern flank of the Huallai aquifer. The unprecedented results were published in the Science Advances journal and unravel a unique way in which considerable volumes of freshwater are transported from onshore to offshore submarine aquifers throughout the coast of Hawaii Island.

This mechanism might offer alternative renewable resources of freshwater to volcanic islands across the globe.

Their evidence for separate freshwater lenses, stacked one above the other, near the Kona coast of Hawaii, profoundly improves the prospects for sustainable development on volcanic islands.

Brian Taylor, Dean, School of Ocean and Earth Science and Technology, University of Hawaii at Manoa

By employing marine controlled-source electromagnetic imaging, the study unraveled the movement of freshwater from onshore-to-offshore via a multilayer formation of basalts sandwiched between layers of ash and soil, varying from earlier groundwater models of this region.

The marine geophysics campaign was carried out as a part of the National Science Foundation-supported Ike Wai project and was led by research affiliate faculty Eric Attias.

Our findings provide a paradigm shift from the conventional hydrologic conceptual models that have been vastly used by multiple studies and water organizations in Hawaii and other volcanic islands to calculate sustainable yields and aquifer storage for the past 30 years. We hope that our discovery will enhance future hydrologic models, and consequently, the availability of clean freshwater in volcanic islands.

Eric Attias, University of Hawaii at Manoa

Steven Constable, co-author of the study and geophysics professor at the Scripps Institution of Oceanography, developed the controlled source electromagnetic system utilized for the project.

I have spent my entire career developing marine electromagnetic methods such as the one used here. It is really gratifying to see the equipment being used for such an impactful and important application. Electrical methods have long been used to study groundwater on land, and so it makes sense to extend the application offshore, stated Constable.

This new electromagnetic technique is a game changing tool for cost-effective reconnaissance surveys to identify regions containing freshwater aquifers, prior to more expensive drilling efforts to directly sample the pore waters. It can also be used to map the lateral extent of any aquifers already identified in isolated boreholes.

Kerry Key, Associate Professor, Columbia University

Key, who was not part of this study, applies electromagnetic techniques to image several oceanic Earth structures.

According to Donald Thomas, a geochemist at the Hawaii Institute of Geophysics and Planetology in SOEST who also contributed to the study, the findings confirm twice the presence of considerably larger quantities of stored groundwater than thought earlier.

Understanding this new mechanism for groundwateris important to better manage groundwater resources in Hawaii, stated Thomas, who heads the Humuula Groundwater Research project, which identified another huge freshwater supply on Hawaii Island several years ago.

Offshore freshwater systems analogous to those at the edges of the Huallai aquifer are proposed to occur for the island of Oahu, where the electromagnetic imaging method has not yet been employed. However, if unraveled, it could offer an entirely new concept to regulate freshwater resources.

The study suggests that this newly identified transport mechanism might be the mechanism behind other volcanic islands. Offshore reservoirs are regarded as more resistant to droughts induced by climate change, and thus volcanic islands throughout the world can possibly consider such resources in their water management plans.

This study is financially supported by the National Science Foundation EPSCoR Program Award OIA.

Video Credit: University of Hawaii at Manoa.

Attias, E., et al. (2020) Marine electrical imaging reveals novel freshwater transport mechanism in Hawaii. Science Advances. doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.abd4866.

Source: https://manoa.hawaii.edu/

Go here to read the rest:

Study Reveals Onshore-to-Offshore Freshwater Movement in Hawai'i Island - AZoCleantech

OSLO, Norway--(BUSINESS WIRE)--Cognite a global industrial AI software-as-a-service (SaaS) company supporting the full-scale digital transformation of heavy-asset industries around the world, has partnered with fully-fledged exploration and production company Aker BP to deploy Spot, the quadruped robotic dog, to pioneer the remote controlled offshore mission on the Skarv installation, 210 kilometers offshore in the North Sea.

The effort continues to build upon Aker BP and Cognites bold digital agenda to transform the industry through digitalization, which will result in improved efficiency, safety, and sustainability offshore. This recent endeavor signals a significant opportunity to transform the oil and gas industry worldwide.

Aker BP is committed to affordable, reliable, sustainable, and modern energy for all, and using robotics is a strong part of this vision. Spots work offshore is the next step in his journey as he was issued his official employee number in February at the Aker BP Capital Markets Day. In addition Aker BP has a number of other projects involving drones and additional mobile robots to deliver on their vision of optimized remote operations using Cognites data driven technology.

Cognites main software product, Cognite Data Fusion (CDF), served as the data infrastructure for the offshore test which collected images, scans, and sensors from robotics systems and then shared the data across Aker BP via a dashboard to make it actionable. Tasks included: autonomous inspection, high-quality data capture, and automatic report generation. These data insights provide onshore operators with telepresence on offshore installations allowing them complete realtime mission planning and help drive crucial activities.

The mobility of Spot offshore, and the communication between Spot, Cognite Data Fusion and Aker BP was both verified and tested. Data from Spot was available and sorted in Cognite Data Fusion in milliseconds, and Spot was remote controlled from a Cognite home office onshore demonstrating how robots and digital twins can have synergies and enhance each other. In addition, data from an operator round was collected to analyze if the sensor-stack on Spot was sufficient to comply with the proposed task.

We are eager to explore how robotics systems can make offshore operations safer, more efficient, and more sustainable. The Spot offshore visit at the Skarv FPSO is one small step towards Aker BPs vision to digitalize all our operations from cradle to grave to increase productivity, enhance quality, and improve the safety of our employees, said Karl Johnny Hersvik, CEO of Aker BP.

Missions like these demonstrate Spots value in difficult environments. Cognite continues to excel in testing and validating Spots ability to reduce risk to humans and provide value in the energy industry, said Michael Perry, Vice President of Business Development at Boston Dynamics.

This historic pairing of minds and machines working together to solve industry problems demonstrates that data driven decisions can change industry now, said Dr. John Markus Lervik, CEO of Cognite. This ability to guide Spot by remote control is a huge step forward for the industry and something we will continue to work closely with our partners on as we continue to innovate and provide data driven solutions.

Cognite Data Fusion (CDF) is a cloud-based industrial data operations and intelligence platform, and it integrates seamlessly with existing IT and OT applications in the cloud, edge, and on-premise. CDF contextually enriches industrial data, providing an open, unified industrial data model that is easily accessible for humans and applications, enabling better analytical operations and data-driven decisions.

About Cognite

Cognite is a global industrial software-as-a-service (SaaS) company supporting the full-scale digital data driven transformation of heavy-asset industries around the world. Our core product, Cognite Data Fusion (CDF), is an industrial data operations and contextualization platform, putting raw data into real-world industrial context, enabling rapid application & solution creation at scale. CDF powers companies with contextualized OT/IT/ET data to develop solutions that increase safety, sustainability, efficiency, and drive revenue. Visit us at http://www.cognite.com and follow us on Twitter @CogniteData or at LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/company/cognitedata

About Aker BP

Aker BP is a fully-fledged E&P company with exploration, development and production activities on the Norwegian Continental Shelf (NCS). Measured in production, Aker BP is one of the largest independent oil companies in Europe. Aker BP is the operator of Alvheim, Ivar Aasen, Skarv, Valhall, Hod, Ula and Tambar, partner in the Johan Sverdrup field and has a total of 141 licenses, including non-operated licenses. Aker BP holds no oil or gas assets outside Norway. Visit us at http://www.akerbp.com or follow us at LinkedIn, Facebook or Instagram.

Excerpt from:

Aker BP and Cognite Pioneer Robotics Deployment Offshore to Transform Oil and Gas Industry with Autonomous Mission - Business Wire

The investment will bring to the market an additional 25 hectares of land linked to more than 3 km of deep water quaysides. The investment will also see the skyline of the port changed, with the final stages of the demolition of the Imperial Grain Silo being completed.

Forth Ports said the port has seen an unprecedented surge in activity over the past few years with the energy transition to low carbon becoming a strong influence in the future of Scotland and Leith.

The port has responded to project needs ranging from utilising the deep water for the storage of jacket foundations to project work associated with the subsea elements of the development of offshore windfarms.

Shipping and onshore economic activity has been boosted at Scotlands capital port this year with its key role in supporting EDF Renewables and ESBs major offshore wind farm Neart na Gaoithe (NnG) at various stages of the project.

This project will supply enough low carbon electricity for around 375,000 homes and has a capacity of circa 450 MW.

Commenting on the investment and plans, Forth Ports senior port manager David Webster said, This investment is another example of our commitment to bring large-scale renewables to Scotland.

This will allow Leith to build on its current success as well as complement the significant upgrades that are underway in our Dundee facility. The foundation logistics in Leith will be supported by the wind turbine hub in Dundee, we see this as the future to local content in Scotland that will drive employment.

NnG project director Matthias Haag said, Its really exciting to see the Port of Leith making such a huge investment in offshore renewables, especially as it will play a key role in the successful delivery of NnG.

Since offshore construction of NnG started in August, Port of Leith has become the marine logistics base for the pile casings that will form part of the foundations on which the projects 54 turbines and two substations will stand. We have always said were committed to using the Scottish supply chain as much as possible and were really pleased to be working with the Port of Leith.

Deputy port manager Kenny Williamson said, I have been working at Port of Leith for 37 years and have never seen so many vessels in port with so much activity going on.

This is an exciting time for Leith and Edinburgh as we adapt, upgrade and regenerate the port to create opportunities in Scotlands emerging industries. We have been successful in winning a number of contracts this year, along with our partners.

Leith is the largest port on the east coast of Scotland and has extensive deepwater non-tidal berths connected to more than 140 hectares of land.

Read the rest here:

Port of Leith invests in Scotland's offshore wind boom - Riviera Maritime Media

Clean Power

Published on November 23rd, 2020 | by Tina Casey

November 23rd, 2020 by Tina Casey

There goes Scotland again. Maine Governor Janet Mills toured the country back in March and came away with big plans to stake out a claim on floating offshore wind turbines. Then the COVID-19 lockdown happened and the whole idea appeared to be mothballed. Now it has suddenly come roaring back to life. If all goes according to plan, the Granite State will set the stage for a new surge of activity in the US wind industry. That would give Scotland the last laugh, but more on that in a sec.

Weirdly, the Trump administration has been assisting plans for a new offshore wind farm that will put Maine on the floating wind turbines map.

For those of you new to the topic, floating wind turbines are designed for water that is too deep for conventional platform construction. The US got a head start on floating wind turbine R&D during the Obama administration, but things stalled out after that.

Aside from political obstacles and potential conflicts with maritime commerce, floating wind turbines pose unique engineering challenges, which is why they have been popping up in some parts of the world but not others.

That leads to Maine, which has some of the deepest and most challenging waters for wind turbines, but also boasts sustained offshore wind speeds that are among the best in the world. According to one estimate, the states offshore wind resources could meet its existing electricity demand 36 times over.

With an eye on that prize, Maine policy makers have been supporting a public-private research collaboration through the University of Maine and a firm called Maine Aqua Ventus, which got an assist from the US Department of Energy back in 2015. That was quite an achievement, considering then-governor Paul LePages opposition to renewable energy development.

Last December CleanTechnica noted that Maine is already chock full of renewable energy, which leads one to question why should they take a risky bet on the as-yet untried floating wind turbine area.

Part of the answer may lie in that Scottish wind industry tour. Scotland has begun to leverage its powerful offshore wind industry to produce green hydrogen, and Maine has been eyeballing green hydrogen as a way to deliver more clean kilowatts despite some bottlenecks in its existing transmission system.

Just to spice the green hydrogen angle up a bit, Mitsubishi is involved in the Maine project, having acquired the newly dubbed firm New England Aqua Ventus through a joint venture with its Mitsubishi Renewables Diamond Offshore Wind subsidiary and the firm RWE Renewables. Mitsubishi is making a hard pivot into green hydrogen, so it will be interesting to see where that fits into Maines floating wind turbine scheme.

State policy makers may also be looking to position Maines offshore wind resources for energy export, deploying green hydrogen. Decarbonizing the states fishing industry could also be on the to-do list, considering recent activity in the hydrogen fuel cell watercraft field.

Whatever Mills saw in Scotland, it seems to have lit a fire under things.

The Aqua Ventus R&D project has been coming along in tandem with Maines overall clean energy plans over the past several years, and last Friday Mills officially confirmed that the project will vault into the status of a full fledged floating wind turbine research array, with benefits that will ripple out regionally, nationally, and globally.

Thats a delicate commitment for Maine, given the states longstanding reliance on its fishing industry. The idea is that both technology and environmental lessons learned in Maine can help resolve similar issues in other regions.

I believe Maine can lead the country in floating offshore wind technology, but it must be done in partnership with Maines fishermen, to form a science-based mutual understanding of how best to design and operate floating wind turbines in the precious Gulf of Maine, Mills explained. A research area is a prudent step toward securing our states leadership position, working collaboratively with fishermen and scientists, and developing offshore wind to realize the significant energy, economic and climate benefits it stands to offer our state.

Dont break out the pom-poms just yet, because the plan still has to pass muster with the Bureau of Ocean Energy Management. Assuming it gets the green light, the research array will consist of up to 12 or so floating offshore wind turbines covering about 16 square miles of the Gulf of Maine, ranging from 20 to 40 miles away from shore.

Theres an interesting political twist to all this, considering soon-to-be former President* Trumps well known antipathy to wind power. In addition to Energy Department support for the new research array, Trumps own Commerce Department is also assisting the effort through the Economic Development Administration.

Just last month, EDA sweetened the Maine floating offshore wind power pot with a new $2.166 million grant for the Governors Energy Office to develop a statewide plan. State and local agencies will contribute another $380,000 or so.

This project will allow Maine to capitalize on its technical leadership in the wind power sector to diversify and grow the states economy and make it more resilient, enthused Commerce Secretary Wilbur Ross.

Do tell! One wonders what Rosss boss must have thought about that ringing endorsement of the US wind industry from his own appointee, which appeared in an official EDA press release announcing the new research array.

Wait til he gets a load of what Rosss appointee Dana Gartzke said, in performance of delegated duties as Assistant Secretary of Commerce for Economic Development.

In the same press release, Gartzke drew a clear picture of how the Maine offshore wind research project will benefit the entire US wind industry, by creating a roadmap for establishing a floating offshore wind power industry by examining manufacturing processes, supply chains, port facilities, transportation systems, shipbuilding opportunities, ecosystem relationships, workforce development plans, power interconnections, exports, and economic impacts.

But wait, theres more. The EDA press release also gave Mills an opportunity to emphasize the global potential of the project.

This important award will give Maine a roadmap for growing our clean energy economy in collaboration with our heritage industries, especially fishing, in order to support our states economic recovery from COVID-19 and sound the call that Maine intends to be a global competitor, innovator and leader in floating offshore wind, she said.

As for Scotland, several Scottish lawmakers are (still) pushing for an investigation of the Trump Organizations golf operations in Scotland, alleging high stakes money laundering.

If such an investigation ever takes place, that would be the cherry of irony on top of Trumps relationship with Scotland, golf, and wind energy all together. Scotland has suffered through years of legal battles with the Trump Organization over its golf operations, partly due to plans for a new offshore wind farm in Aberdeen bay, linked to a new wind R&D center. The Trump Organization claimed the turbines would spoil the view from the golf club in Aberdeen, but they lost the case (shocker!), the wind turbines went up, and now policy makers from all over the world are looking to Scotland for wind energy inspiration.

It looks like pretty soon theyll be trekking over to Maine, too.

Follow me on Twitter.

*Developing story.

Image (cropped): Floating offshore wind turbine via Maine Aqua Ventus.

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Tags: department of commerce, Diamond Offshore Wind, DOE, Electricity, Energy, Maine, Maine Aqua Ventus, Mitsubishi, New England Aqua Ventus, RWE Renewables, Scotland, united states, University of Maine, US

Tina Casey specializes in military and corporate sustainability, advanced technology, emerging materials, biofuels, and water and wastewater issues. Tinas articles are reposted frequently on Reuters, Scientific American, and many other sites. Views expressed are her own. Follow her on Twitter @TinaMCasey and Google+.

The rest is here:

After Scotland Tour, Maine Hatches Offshore Floating Wind Turbines Plot - CleanTechnica

The UK has set ambitious goals to meet net-zero targets by 2050. In order to do this, the country must also decarbonize its offshore fleet. Now, a new project may succeed in doing just that.

RELATED:UK TO POWER ALL HOMES WITH OFFSHORE WIND BY 2030

Led by a consortium of offshore renewable energy and marine companies, the project will seek to examine the viability ofdeveloping an offshore charging facility for electrified vessels.

The novel technology would see electrified vessels dock andrecharge whilst operating offshore. This will provide the ships greater rangeand bigger operating windows.

It would work as follows: the charging vesselwould draw power from wind farms at times of low demand and store it inonboardbatteries.

ORE Catapult recognizes the strong industry demand for clean maritime solutions to help the industry reduce its emissions during the operations and maintenance of offshore wind farms. Early indications suggest that electric and hybrid CTVs are gaining popularity among operators and an important enabler to unleash their full potential is the capability to charge offshore," said Stuart Barnes, Regional Partnership Manager atORE Catapult,one of the project's partners.

Having this new facility that can provide acharging capabilityoffshorecould also bolster more confidence to invest in electrified vessels. In turn, these vessels would provide a reduction in operations and maintenance costs.

As a vessel operator actively pursuing net-zero maritime operations, we believe that offshore charging capability is an important enabler to the rapid deployment of electric and hybrid electric vessels in offshore wind," saidLeo Hambro, Director at Tidal Transit, another of the project's partners.

As a first step,ORE Catapult is executing a market awareness study and seeking expert input from vessel designers, vessel operators and wind farm owner-operators regarding the project. This process will take place via anonline survey. Interested parties can follow the link to contribute.

Read the original here:

Electrified Vessels in the UK Could Soon Charge Offshore Thanks to New Facility - Interesting Engineering

Ericsson and Chunghwa Telecom (CHT) will build a 5G-ready network for rsteds Greater Changhua 1 & 2a offshore wind farms in Taiwan.

The private network will enable rsteds engineers to communicate through high-quality connectivity and to have optimised workplace communications for daily operations, according to the two telecommunication companies.

The Greater Changhua 1 & 2a Offshore Wind Farms are the first far-shore and large-scale offshore wind farms in Taiwan. It takes approximately three hours to reach the wind farms by boat and the wind farms cover a significant area at sea, equivalent to 2.6 times the area of Changhua City. Having optimal communications quality is vital to ensure the smooth operation of the wind farms and the work safety of our personnel, said Christy Wang, General Manager of rsted Taiwan.

CHT and Ericsson will construct a 4G LTE network on the 900 MHz and 1800 MHz bands, which can later operate on 5G through a remote software upgrade.

By constructing LTE private networks for rsted, CHT is helping to ensure the companys employees will have stable, high-speed, and high-quality 4G mobile connections at wind farms that are located 35 to 60 kilometers from the shore, said Ming-Shih Chen, President of the Chunghwa Telecom Mobile Business Group.

The work, which is said to result in Asias first 5G-ready network, is expected to be completed by the third quarter of 2021.

Whether its 4G or 5G, private networks need an agile and scalable architecture to control and optimize connectivity under different circumstances and be prepared for a companys future 5G applications, said Chafic Nassif, President of Ericsson Taiwan. We are honored by the trust that rsted has placed in us as well as the governments support with regard to policy.

Located off the coast of Changhua County, the Changhua 1 and 2a offshore wind farms will have a total capacity of approximately 900 MW.

Thewind farms will feature 112 Siemens Gamesa 8 MW wind turbines installed onjacket foundations.The offshore construction of the projects will commence in 2021.

Read more:

rsted's Changhua 1 & 2a OWFs to Be 5G-Ready - Offshore WIND

We have recently published Following Report Edition with COVID-19 Impact Analysis included1) Global Edition of Offshore Wind Market Report 20202) Europe Edition of Offshore Wind Market Report 20203) United States Edition of Offshore Wind Market Report 2020

Global Coronavirus pandemic has impacted all industries across the globe Offshore Wind market being no exception. As the Global economy heads towards major recession post-2009 crisis, Cognitive Market Research has published a recent study which meticulously studies the impact of this crisis on Global Offshore Wind market and suggests possible measures to curtail them. This press release is a snapshot of the research study and further information can be gathered by accessing a complete report.To Contact Research experts Mail us @ [emailprotected] or call us on +1-312-376-8303.

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Product Type Analysis:It provides detailed information about competitors, competitors activities, emerging trends, and customer experiences, which will help the enterprises to take business decisions over key competitors. This research will help you to introduce a new product in the market and also helps to investigate the behaviour of the target market. The report incorporates information about product type, data about the performance of the product, which is examined by the client according to the requirement.

Global Offshore Wind Market Segmentation by Type:Shallow Water, Transitional Water, Deep Water

Global Offshore Wind Market Segmentation by Applications:Electric Power, Chemical, Other

Major Market players of the Offshore Wind market:ADWEN, MING YANG SMART ENERGY GROUP CO., DOOSAN HEAVY INDUSTRIES AND CONSTRUCTION CO. LTD, GENERAL ELECTRIC COMPANY, MHI VESTAS OFFSHORE WIND A/S, SENVION SA, SIEMENS AG, SINOVEL WIND GROUP CO., A2 SEA, ABB LTD., EEW GROUP, NEXANS S.A.

Each of the companies/key players consists of detailed information like: company introduction/overview (competitors, sales area, contact info, business segments and overall information), product portfolio, net sales & revenue, research & development costs, product specifications & information, latest news of the company, swot analysis and business strategy of the company is explained. And hence the entire information related to the company concerning the specific product and in-depth information of collaborations and all other essential information is mention in each of the key payer/company profiles is provided in the research report.

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Geographical Segmentation:The report provides studies focused on analysis of the current performance of the key regional markets geographies. Report has classification parameters on basis of a number of essential market parameters such as the manufacturing volume, production capacity, pricing strategy, the dynamics of market demand, supply, trade, return on investments, and the growth rate of the Offshore Wind market in each of the regions

Global Offshore Wind market report categorized the information and data according to the major geographical regions like, North America (U.S., Canada, Mexico) Europe (U.K., France, Germany, Spain, Italy, Central & Eastern Europe, CIS) Asia Pacific (China, Japan, South Korea, ASEAN, India, Rest of Asia Pacific) Latin America (Brazil, Rest of L.A.) Middle East and Africa (Turkey, GCC, Rest of Middle East)

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Recovery Analysis for Global Offshore Wind Market Report 2020 ADWEN, MING YANG SMART ENERGY GROUP CO., DOOSAN HEAVY INDUSTRIES AND CONSTRUCTION CO....

A new bill from House Democrats turns to the oceans as a way to fight climate change, proposing to expand offshore wind while barring drilling along Americas coasts.

The more than 300-page legislation is broadly billed as a blue carbon bill a way to harvest clean energy while protecting fisheries and resources like marshes and wetlands that can store carbon and protect eroding shorelines.

The Ocean Based Climate Solutions Act, introduced Tuesday, comes as the ocean is rapidly warming and acidifying, a result of climate change and absorbing carbon from the atmosphere.

The bill directs the Department of the Interior to up the number of permits for offshore wind projects, where higher wind speeds allow windmills to generate more electricity than they do on land.

The bill also repackages some measures already before the House,such as a pledge to conserve 30 percent of oceans by 2030 and an approved measure to bar offshore drilling along both coasts that has failed to advance in the Senate.

This bill recognizes that oceans also must be part of a rapid transition to clean energy that starts with prohibiting any new offshore oil and gas leases because you can't solve the crisis by continuing to dig the climate hole deeper, said Rep. Jared HuffmanJared William HuffmanOVERNIGHT ENERGY: House passes sweeping clean energy bill | Pebble Mine CEO resigns over secretly recorded comments about government officials | Corporations roll out climate goals amid growing pressure to deliver OVERNIGHT ENERGY: House Democrats tee up vote on climate-focused energy bill next week | EPA reappoints controversial leader to air quality advisory committee | Coronavirus creates delay in Pentagon research for alternative to 'forever chemicals' COVID-19 complicates California's record-setting wildfire season MORE (D-Calif.), a co-sponsor of the legislation.

Lawmakers say the legislation, which includes increasing benchmarks for permitting offshore wind that would double between 2025 and 2030, would speed the construction of planned projects that have stalled under the Trump administration.

This administration has an all-of-the-above [energy] policy, but what it really translates into is like 'Animal Farm,' said Rep. Alan LowenthalAlan Stuart LowenthalAct now to protect our nation's birds Overnight Energy: EPA declines to regulate chemical tied to developmental damage | Democrats unveil .5T infrastructure plan | Land management bureau eases requirements for oil, gas royalty cut requests Land management bureau lessens requirements for oil and gas royalty cut requests MORE (D-Calif.), another co-sponsor.

All animals are equal, only some are more equal than others. They are permitting at a fast rate all oil and gas. We have been waiting now for 18 months for the first completion of offshore wind, he added.

The bill also includes $3 billion to support coastal resiliency efforts designed to combat rising sea levels. Those projects could include planting salt marshes or sea grass that help keep coastlines intact and can absorb carbon.

Another measure would also make algal blooms, which suck the oxygen needed for plant and animal life, eligible for federal disaster relief and emergency assistance.

To help fulfill the goal of conserving 30 percent of oceans by 2030, the bill would establish a process for designating national marine sanctuaries. It would also establish "deep sea coral marine conservation areas" to further protect coral from deep-sea fishing gear.

The legislation also includes efforts to reduce emissions from large vessels, blocking federal loan guarantees unless ships undergo measures to become more fuel efficient and starting a program to monitor greenhouse gas emissions from the shipping industry.

Updated at 3:43 p.m.

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Democrats push expansion of offshore wind, block offshore drilling with ocean energy bill | TheHill - The Hill

Onshore wind turbines can be found everywhere from the tropics to the Arctic. Three decades ago, developers started putting them on fixed foundations out at sea, sparking the rise of the offshore wind market, which added 6.1 gigawatts of new capacity in 2019.

More recently, the wind industry embarkedon an even more ambitious endeavor: putting turbines on floating platforms in the water, rather than fixed foundations. Now on the verge of commercial maturity, floating wind has the potential to become one of the most important new renewable energy markets.

Its pretty much exactly whatit sounds like. Instead of putting a wind turbine on a fixed foundation in the sea, you attach it to a structure that floats in the water. The structure is tethered to the seabed to stop it from drifting off into a beach or shipping lane.

Todays floating wind designs envision using standard offshore turbines, export cables and balance-of-plant materials. The key difference between floating and fixed-foundation offshore wind is that the latter is limited to water depths of up to around 165 feet.

To keep turbines upright, floating foundations rely on the iceberg principle: Most of the mass is underwater.

At Hywind Scotland, the worlds only commercial floating wind farm today, each Siemens SWT-6.0-154 turbine has a towerhead mass of around 350 tons and sits on a foundation with roughly 6,060 tons of solid ballast and a displacement of some 13,230 tons.

Provided the water underneath the turbine is deep enough, the shape of the foundation may not matter much. In practice, though, floating foundation developers have focused on designs that are going to be cheap to build and easy to work with from the perspective ofoperations and maintenance.

That still leaves plenty of room for imagination: Every developer has a different concept and a compellingargument forwhy it is the best. Four basic designs are leading the market today.

Using its experience in the oil and gas industry, Equinor (formerly Statoil) has based its pioneering Hywind floating platform on a spar buoy design that relies on gravity for stability. The spar buoy is assembled in sections and extends down to around 260 feet beneath the sea surface, making it appropriate for water depths of between roughly 310 and 390 feet.

Other developers, such as Principle Power and Hexicon, favor a semi-submersible platform design that relies on buoyancy for stability and is suitable for shallower drafts. Critics note that the large size of the structures could restrict maneuverability in ports.

A third design,championed by the French foundation maker Ideol, is a square barge that contains a damping pool to maintain turbine stability. Like the semi-submersible model, this is suitable for shallower waters, and Ideol touts the fact that its concrete fabrication comes inhandy from a local content perspective.

Finally, a concept called the tension-leg platform relies on a taut mooring system to provide stability. This allows the structure to have a smaller physical footprint and potentially be cheaper than competing models. Danish firm Stiesdal Offshore Technologies is leading the development of this concept with a product called TetraSpar.

Equinor was the first company to build commercial-scale floating wind farm, and to date, its Hywind design is the only one that has a significant operational track record.

The Norwegian energy giant claims it was able to cutcostsby up to 70 percent between its first demo project, off the coast of Scotland, and its 30-megawatt commercial wind farm. It's expecting to cut foundation costs by up to an additional50 percent for Tampen, an 88 MWproject scheduled to enter operation off the Norwegian coast in 2022.

In February, Sebastian Bringsvrd, Equinors head of floating wind development, cited a cost target of 40 to 60 ($44 to $66) per megawatt-hour by 2030. These rapid cost reductions could give Equinor the upper hand in forthcoming floating offshore wind tenders.

But a May 2019 analysis of upcoming project figures collated by IHS Markit foundthat 90 percent of floating offshore wind capacity is likely to be installed on semi-submersible platforms, with Principle Power leading the market.

Equinors spar buoy foundation is essentially a hollow steel cylinder that can be towed out to the site before being partially filled with water and ballast to force it to remain upright. The latest iteration of the foundation needs at least 345 feet of water when upright, meaning turbine installation would most likely happen out atsea, as with traditional foundations.

With other foundation designs, the minimum depth requirement is much lower so turbine installation could happen onshore with the fully assembled turbines and foundations then towed to site, significantly cutting costs.

Putting turbines onto floaters gives a developer access deeper waters, which meansmore potential project sites and lots more potential capacity.

Some 60 percent of available offshore wind resource in the U.S.is beyond the reach of fixed-bottom foundation turbines, includingpractically the whole of the West Coast, according to a2017 statement from industry body WindEurope,

In Europe, floating offshore wind could deliver an extra 4 terawatts over and above the continents already leading level of bottom-fixedcapacity. And in Japan, floating foundations will be critical for the development of an offshore wind sector that could offer 500 gigawatts of capacity.

Beyond the ability to capture vast untapped energy resources, floating offshore wind also carries significant industrial promise. For the U.S., it could be a way to get into a renewables sector that the country has so far barely been able to qualify for. And Europes oil and gas companies, which seem increasingly committed to joining the energy transition, see floating wind as an area where their existing offshore experience can pay handsome dividends.

European oil and gas companies, for starters. Equinor is the most notable example, but Royal Dutch Shell is emerging as a major player, and Italian contractor Saipem unveiled a platform last year.

France's Total bought into the market in Marchand earlier this month acquired a 20 percent stake in the Eolmed project in the Mediterranean that willuse Ideol's foundation and MHI Vestas turbines.

These players seem keen to compete or partner with a host of independent floating platform developers, such as Ideol, Principle Power and Stiesdal Offshore. At the same time, the oil majors may take on project development and asset ownership roles. In this respect, they could compete with established offshore wind farm developers such as rsted and Iberdrola.

rsted hasnt revealed any floating offshore wind plans yet, but EDP Renewables and Engie have joined forces onthe WindFloat Atlantic project (alongside Spanish oil and gas firm Repsol), and Iberdrola announced two pilot projects in March.

Finally, there arethe wind turbine manufacturers. Offshore wind turbine leaders such as Siemens Gamesa, MHI Vestas and GE have stayed away from the intricacies of floating foundation design, but they hardly need to worry. The massive turbines they are launching are increasingly designed to operate far offshore on floating platforms, and the market potential they are looking at is impressive.

Regardless of whether it takes off in the U.S., there's no doubt that floating offshore wind is going places at the global level. Even in the short term, that could lead to some interesting developments in the offshore wind sector.

American companyPrinciple Powercould playa leading role in the development of the industry, for example. Japan could finally develop offshore wind. And European oil and gas majors might really come into their own as wind energy players.

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So, What Exactly Is Floating Offshore Wind? - Greentech Media News