Monthly Archives: April 2022

‘Odd Radio Circles’ That Baffled Astronomers Are Likely Explosions From Distant Galaxies – Singularity Hub

Posted: April 4, 2022 at 3:36 pm

In 2019, my colleagues and I discovered spooky glowing rings in the sky using CSIROs ASKAP radio telescope in Western Australia. The rings were unlike anything seen before, and we had no idea what they were.

We dubbed them odd radio circles, or ORCs. They continue to puzzle us, but new data from South Africas MeerKAT telescope are helping us solve the mystery.

We can now see each ORC is centered on a galaxy too faint to be detected earlier. The circles are most likely enormous explosions of hot gas, about a million light years across, emanating from the central galaxy.

Our paper showing these results has been peer-reviewed and accepted for publication by Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society.

We now have beautiful images of one of these rings taken with South Africas MeerKAT radio telescope, which shows the ORC in stunning detail. MeerKAT sees a small blob of radio emission in the center of the ring, which is coincident with a distant galaxy. We are now fairly certain this galaxy generated the ORC.

We see these central galaxies in other ORCs too, all at vast distances from Earth. We now think that these rings surround distant galaxies about a billion light years away, which means the rings are enormousaround a million light years across.

From modeling the faint cloudy radio emission that MeerKAT detects within the rings, it seems the rings are the edges of a spherical shell surrounding the galaxy, like a blast wave from a giant explosion in the galaxy. They look like rings instead of orbs only because the sphere appears brighter at the edges where there is more material along the line of sight, much like a soap bubble.

MeerKAT has also mapped the polarization of the radio waves, which tells us about the magnetic field in the ring. Our polarization image shows a magnetic field running along the edge of the sphere.

This suggests that an explosion in the central galaxy caused a hot blast to collide with the tenuous gas outside the galaxy. The resulting shock wave then energized electrons in the gas, making them spiral around the magnetic field, generating radio waves.

Lines around the edge of the ORC show the direction of the magnetic field. A circular magnetic field like this indicates it has been compressed by a shock wave from the central galaxy. Created by Larry Rudnick from MeerKAT data.

One big surprise from the MeerKAT result is that within the ring we see several curved filaments of radio emission. We still dont know what these are.

But we do know that the sphere is so huge that it has swallowed up other galaxies as it blasted out from the central galaxy. Perhaps the filaments are trails of gas ripped off the galaxies by the passing shock wave?

The big question, of course, is what caused the explosion. We are exploring two possibilities.

One is that they were caused by the merging of two supermassive black holes. Such a merger event releases an enormous amount of energy, enough to generate the ORC.

Another possibility is that the central galaxy went through a starburst event, in which millions of stars were suddenly born from the gas in the galaxy. Such a starburst causes hot gas to blast out from the galaxy, causing a spherical shock wave.

Both black hole mergers and starburst events are rare, which accounts for why ORCs are so rare (only five have so far been reported).

The puzzle of ORCs is not solved yet, and we still have much to learn about these mysterious rings in the sky. So far, we have only detected them with radio telescopeswe see nothing from the rings at optical, infrared, or X-ray wavelengths.

To find out more, we need a tool even more sensitive than MeerKAT and ASKAP. Fortunately, the global astronomical community is building just such an observatorythe Square Kilometre Array (SKA), an international effort with telescopes in South Africa and Australia.

ASKAP and MeerKAT were built to test the sites and technology for the SKA. Quite apart from their role as precursors for the SKA, both telescopes have been hugely successful in their own right, making major discoveries in their first years of operation.

Their success in discovering and studying ORCs therefore bodes well for the SKA.

The two telescopes are also beautifully complementaryASKAP is superb at surveying large areas of sky and finding new objects, while MeerKAT is unrivalled for zooming in on those objects and studying them with higher sensitivity and resolution.

The SKA promises to surpass both. No doubt the SKA will find many more ORCs, and will also be able to probe them to find out what they are telling us about the lifecycle of galaxies.

This article is republished from The Conversation under a Creative Commons license. Read the original article.

Image Credit: Jayanne English, using data from MeerKAT and the Dark Energy Survey

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Elon Musk Makes A Big And Spectacular Promise – TheStreet

Posted: at 3:35 pm

Elon Musk, chief executive of Tesla (TSLA) - Get Tesla Inc Reportis used to make big and splashy announcements. He enjoys creating buzz and knows how to divert attention when one of his companies is faced with a communication and image crisis.

He did it with flying colors recently when a Washington Post story recently detailedthe relations between the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration and Tesla over the investigation into the first fatal accident involving Autopilot, Tesla's driver assistance system, in 2016.

But one of his most spectacular blows was to torpedo the communication of the Californias Department of Fair Employment and Housing. In February, The agency was preparing to file a complaint against Tesla for the treatment of its Black employees but Tesla took the agency by surprise by publishing a blog postlong before the agency filed its discrimination and harassment complaint.

In its post, Tesla questioned the credibility of the agency. The merit of this strategy was to dictate the coverage of this event and to have control over it. Instead of being on the defensive, Tesla and Musk were on the attack.

While Tesla has just extended the closure of its Shanghai factory, the Austin-based group's largest production site, to comply with the local lockdown intended to limit the resurgence of Covid-19, Musk has just made a huge promise.

The billionaire is due to inaugurate the official opening of the Tesla factory in Austin on April 7. This siteis a $1.1 billion, 4.3-million square foot facility. Itwill be dedicated to the manufacture and assemble of Model Y SUVs, and will also house a battery development plant, the heart of the electric car.

Musk intends to do things big. A giant party bringing together some 15,000 people who have received an invitation is planned on the site. Dubbed 'Cyber Rodeo', this party, which is inspired by what Tesla had done in Berlin in Germany last year, is a marketing operation for Tesla which does not spend a penny on advertising campaigns.

It seems that the stakes are even higher, according to a tweet from the business man.

"@elonmusk worth at least a couple of tickets to giga opening?" the cybersecurity firm Praetorian Labs asked Musk on Twitter on April 2. "We're in Austin too. Working to make the world safe and more secure."

Without saying if he was going to send them tickets, Musk rather raised expectations around this party, which meets the opposition of some neighbors who fear noise.

"This might be gearing up to be literally the biggest party on Earth," Musk responded.

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Musk didn't provide any details on what would make the party the biggest party on earth, but unsurprisingly, his promise has intensified the desire of many of his fans and Tesla's buyers to want to attend the event.

The tech tycoon has more than 80 million followers on Twitter alone, at last check.

"It is and Ive just travelled 6000 miles to be here, hope I get an invite, will be a real bummer say outside while you all have fun inside," one user commented.

"@elonmusk is there any way I can get a ticket?" another user said.

"Were coming Elon. ticket or no, it will be a party. ," said another one.

The event on April 7 is being promoted as a one-day event, between 4 p.m. to 11:29 p.m. local time, according to Travis County, which encompasses Austin.

It will include interactive tours accompanied by food and various live entertainment to celebrate the newly built and operational Giga factory.

'Gigafest' or 'Cyber Rodeo' participates in creating a myth around the Tesla brand.

One of Musk's great skills is giving the impression that when you drive in a Tesla, you are living a unique experience. Tesla's market capitalization is proof that this strategy and narrative work very well.Musk and Tesla are great storytellers.

The manufacturer of electric vehicles created in 2003 has a valuation that is at $1.12 trillion as of time of writing. No other automotive company comes close to this number.

Meanwhile, Musk's net wealth stands at $273 billion as of April 2, according to Bloomberg Billionaires Index. The mogul is the only person above the $200 billion threshold. Jeff Bezos, the founder of Amazon (AMZN) - Get Amazon.com, Inc. Report, is at $188 billion. Most of Musk's fortune is based on his stake in Tesla. Musk held a passive 21.2% stake in Tesla

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Tesla should accept that it violated labor laws if Elon Musk is serious about inviting the UAW to organize workers, union chief Ray Curry says – CNBC

Posted: at 3:35 pm

Founder and CEO of Tesla Motors Elon Musk speaks during a media tour of the Tesla Gigafactory, which will produce batteries for the electric carmaker, in Sparks, Nevada.

James Glover II | Reuters

If Tesla CEO Elon Musk is serious about welcoming organizing efforts of the company's U.S. workforce, the automaker should rehire a fired employee and stop attempting to overturn a ruling that it violated federal labor laws, said an automotive union leader.

United Auto Workers President Ray Curry said that such actions would be a "good faith effort" and "demonstrate a commitment to the workers of the facility" in Fremont, California.

In 2018, Musk tweeted a comment that was found to have violated federal labor laws after Tesla had already fired a union activist, RichardOrtiz. The National Labor Relations Board ultimately ordered Tesla to rehire the employee and to have Musk delete the tweet, which they saw as threatening workers' compensation.

Tesla is appealing the administrative court's decision, however.

Curry spoke on Tuesday during an Automotive Press Association webinar. His remarks followed more provocative tweets by Musk earlier in the day. The CEO, who has a following of 79.5 million on Twitter, wrote: "The UAW stole millions from workers, whereas Tesla has made many workers millionaires (via stock grants). Subtle, but important difference."

The Detroit-based union is under federal oversight through a court-approved monitor as part of a settlement between the UAW and the government following a multiyearcorruption probethat sent 15 people to prison, including two recent UAW presidents and three Fiat Chrysler executives.

The investigation uncovered years of bribery and kickback schemes involvingmillions of dollars andseveral top union leaders.

Earlier this month, Musk said on Twitter that he was "inviting" the UAW to try and organize employees at his company's plant in Fremont. "Tesla will do nothing to stop them," he wrote.

Curry said the union "definitely would welcome that opportunity, but clearly know that there's some current appeals that are out there."

United Auto Workers President Ray Curry speaks at the General Motors Factory ZERO electric vehicle assembly plant on November 17, 2021 in Detroit, Michigan.

Nic Antaya | Getty Images

"A key piece out of all of this is not the whim of a tweet or anything else, an exchange between the UAW and Tesla, it's about the workers in those locations having a voice inside of their workplace. That's the most important part of this whole process," Curry said.

Musk's open invitation to the UAW on March 3 followed Musk earlier in the day tweeting a YouTube video that he says "helps explain why former UAW members who work at Tesla are not huge fans of UAW." The clip was published in 2010 by the World Socialist Web Site channel on YouTube.

In the video, workers at the NUMMI plant, which would later become the Fremont Tesla plant, are seen complaining that a union member was prevented from recording a UAW meeting in the local union hall.

Tesla didn't respond to a request for comment.

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Elon Musk gives three reasons why humanity is under threat – Marca English

Posted: at 3:35 pm

Elon Musk likes to make predictions about the future of the human race, amongst other things, and on this occasion he decided to express some concern about a series of factors that threaten it. The CEO of Tesla and Space X has come out with three key reasons why humanity is in danger.

The tech tycoon outlined the biggest threats to human survival in comments published at the weekend. The first of these is the birth rate, which, in his opinion, is the main concern and something he has spoken about in the past. Artificial intelligence and religious extremism complete his top three.

"I spent a lot of time talking about the birthrate thing. That might be the single biggest threat to the future of human civilisation." Musk said in an interview with Mathias Dpfner.

"Most people in the world are operating under the false impression that we've got too many people. This is not true. The birth rate has been dropping like crazy. Unfortunately, we have these ridiculous population estimates from the UN that need to be updated because they just don't make any sense."

He also went on to talk about "artificial intelligence going wrong" and the so-called rise of "religious extremism."

Elon Musk is the richest man in the world, thanks to Tesla's stock market growth. He managed to surpass Jeff Bezos, the CEO of Amazon, last year as the richest man in the world, and as a result he has a net worth of 234 billion euros, according to Bloomberg.

For years, the arrival of man on the red planet has been one of the great obsessions for NASA, which has spent decades researching the possibility of achieving such a milestone... First, the founder and CEO of SpaceX is working to enable his Starship to land on Mars. Musk has set a target date of 2024 or 2026 for man's arrival on the moon and 2029 for Mars.

"I would be happy if humanity has a self-sustaining city on Mars because then, probable lifespan of humanity is much greater," Musk said.

"I think we really just got this little candle of consciousness, like a small light in the void. And we do not want this small candle in the darkness to be put out."

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Elon Musk Reveals His Innovation Equation. It’s an Easy Way to Gauge If a Business Idea Is Viable – Inc.

Posted: at 3:35 pm

Elon Musk is revered asone of history's greatest innovators. But what makes him so brilliant is that his genius is rooted not in an abstract complexity,but straightforward simplicity.

It's this ability that enables him to seemingly turn any wild idea he pursues into a wildly successful business. But that's because he doesn't pursue every idea or innovation that comes to mind. Rather, he fields them using his simple "innovation equation"to determine if they are indeed worth pursuing. It's a crucial step many entrepreneurs overlook, leading them into a blind pursuit of something that might be great, but not great for them.

In an interview with Lex Fridman, an A.I. researcher at MIT, Musk callsDan Carlin's Hardcore Historythe "greatest podcast ever."He goes on to discuss the pursuit of innovation, and in doing so he reveals the core of his decision-making process and his innovation equation.

According to Musk, "What matters is the pace of innovation, access to resources, and raw materials." In other words, entrepreneurs can quickly and easily gauge whether they have what it takes to turn their wild idea into reality using this simple equation.

It breaks down into three basic questions:

How long will it take you to build?

Do you have access to the right resources?

Can you obtain the required raw materials?

For any entrepreneur, this is a critical step in the pursuit of a startup. Not only can it save you a great deal of time, money, and energy, but it also answers one of the notorious questions that investors ask founders: Why should you be the one to start this business and does your team have what it takes to do so successfully? It's part of the "Founder's Dilemma"-- something for which Musk has discovered a solution.

1. Pace of innovation

Time matters, though it's not necessarily that you need to be able to build it the fastest. But you do need to be able to innovate in a timely manner. Especially when those looking to innovate are typically those looking to innovate quickly and stay ahead of the competition. In many instances, it can be something of a race, and with immense competition across just about every field, being at the head of the pack can help you be successful.

So the question is, how long will it take you to build? And is this within the timeframe you believe it needs to be within, in order to achieve your goals?

2. Access to resources

With the right pace, you also need access to the right resources. This is because resources indicate your ability to innovate. Without them, an idea is simply just an idea, and pursuing something without the necessary resources will cause you to spend more time pursuing resources than innovating.

Ask yourself if you have the resources at hand (or within reach), from the right network to the right people, to be able to innovate the way you plan to.

3. Raw materials

Lastly, you need to have the physical resources, or raw materials, available to be able to innovate. Raw materials are often something that holds startups back in terms of speed. But trouble sourcing raw materials can also be to the detriment of a startup that depends on them.

For example, at Teslathis means not only having the people who can innovate but the scarce and difficult-to-source materials (e.g., graphite) that are required to do so. It won't matter if you have a genius idea and a brilliant team to back it, if you don't have access to the materials required to make your innovation a reality.

Next time you're thinking about the viability of an idea, consider Musk's innovation equation: time plus people plus materials equals the ability to innovate. By applying this simple three-variable equation, you will effectively launch like Elon Musk. You will be able to more quickly and easily field ideas and invest in the ones that you are best suited for. In return, you will more efficiently find the most viable ideas, and those that are best positioned for success. In other words, you will choose the right startup idea.

The opinions expressed here by Inc.com columnists are their own, not those of Inc.com.

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Moon Rabbit Collaborates with Foresight Institute to Speed Up Life Extension Research – CryptoNewsZ

Posted: at 3:32 pm

Moon Rabbit has been at the forefront for over 30 years in developing new technologies and massively enhancing the human condition. Consisting of reputed scientists from Neurotech, Computation, Biotech, Nanotech, and even Space, the company uses a combination of neurotechnology, molecular machines, and space computer programs. Foresight Institute is a leading research giant that has made cutting-edge progress in brain-computer interfaces, asteroid mining, private ML, and finally, longevity.

The partnership aligns Moon Rabbit in a perfect position to assign research funding and grants to make possible the goals of removing every known life-threatening condition known to man, more specifically, aging. The crypto conglomerate is synergizing its efforts with Foresight Institute and is offering young and bright minds to accelerate their career and ideas. Foresight Institute is making giant strides in biotechnology and molecular machine nanotechnology. The company has excelled in restraining recklessness and creating communities to augment the positive uses of these technologies and decrease the accidental misuse of their life-saving technologies.

Angel Versetti, Founder of Moon Rabbit, is a pioneer in the experimental direction of prolonging longevity. The central theme of Moon Rabbit is to ensure that access to longevity solutions is democratized in creating a decentralized ecosystem and providing the required space for the maturation of these projects. Similarly, Foresight is well ahead in the competitor arena and is well known for quick integration with Web 3 technologies.

By aligning with the core competencies of the Moon Rabbit, the Frontier Institute aims to leverage blockchain technology for making rapid advances in the fields of crowdsourcing, crowdfunding, and ensuring liquidity access with complete scalability.

Angel Versetti opines that once the limitations of the financial world are conquered, the teams will challenge the bigger problems in society.

The new buzzword in the corporate world is longevity, with the world-famous crypto millionaires using their vast financial resources in propelling longevity research.

Moon Rabbit is the pathbreaking cryptocurrency in this world to pursue the dream of eternal life. This brand is a part of Polkadot, which enjoys end-to-end cross-chain interoperability. Contributing to life extension research is in full force in the AAA ecosystem, leading to creating a space where non-stop scientific cooperation is possible. The partnership between these two companies will enhance research collaboration in the longevity arena and aims to reward outstanding performers.

Moon Rabbit is a pioneering crypto conglomerate company aiming to unite distributed ledgers and form the ultimate cross-chain protocols known as the Meta chains. Web 3 and cryptos are short-term foundations and the perfect instrument to achieve the Grand Mission of unlocking the secrets of eternal life.

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Cybin Announces Initiation of Kernel Flow Feasibility Study Measuring Psychedelic Effects on the Brain – Business Wire

Posted: at 3:32 pm

TORONTO--(BUSINESS WIRE)--Cybin Inc. (NEO:CYBN) (NYSE American:CYBN) (Cybin or the Company), a biopharmaceutical company focused on progressing Psychedelics to TherapeuticsTM, today announced that the first study visit has been conducted in a Cybin-sponsored feasibility study evaluating Kernels quantitative neuroimaging technology, Flow, to measure ketamines psychedelic effects on cerebral cortex hemodynamics.

The commencement of the Kernel feasibility study marks a truly exciting moment, not only for Cybin and Kernel, but also for the entire field of psychedelic drug development. To this point, studies have had to rely on subjective patient reporting. By deploying the innovative Flow technology, this is the first time any company has had the ability to collect and quantify longitudinal brain activity before, during and after a psychedelic experience. We are specifically encouraged by this scientific advancement as it has the potential for Cybin to collect real-time quantitative data for our promising psychedelic-based therapies. These data will support the Companys leading research position as we move our important treatment options through regulatory discussions and late-stage clinical development, said Doug Drysdale, Chief Executive Officer of Cybin.

Kernel Flow is a groundbreaking neuroimaging technology that enables rigorous characterization and quantification of physiological processes in the human brain. Our collaboration with Cybin has the potential to significantly enhance the research evaluating the potential positive effects of psychedelic therapies on the brain to improve mental wellness, said Bryan Johnson, Founder and Chief Executive Officer of Kernel.

About the Feasibility Study:

The main objective of the Company-sponsored feasibility study is to evaluate a participants experience wearing Kernel Flow while in an altered state of consciousness following the administration of ketamine. Participants will receive either a low dose of ketamine or placebo while wearing the Flow headset, which is equipped with hi-tech sensors to record brain activity and will report their experience using structured questionnaires and validated assessments during study visits and at follow-up. The four-week study will also evaluate brain activity before and after administrating the study agents - low-dose ketamine or placebo.

The feasibility study received U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) Investigational New Drug (IND) authorization in October 2021 and Institutional Review Board (IRB) approval in January 2022.

As part of Cybins sponsorship of the feasibility study, the Company will retain an exclusive interest in any innovations that are discovered or developed through its independent analysis of the study findings.

About Kernel Flow

Kernel Flow is a wearable headset that measures brain activity by recording local changes in blood oxygenation. It is adjustable, can accommodate nearly anyone and is safe. Kernel Flow is groundbreaking neurotechnology because it reduces loud, expensive, and room-sized equipment to a head-worn apparatus while providing neural activity data of the highest possible optical quality. This combination has never existed in such a commercial and scalable device, all factors for why brain interfaces and neuroimaging technology has largely remained in academic labs or hospital basements and why mental health diagnosis and treatment have behavioral, instead of biomarker, endpoints. The entire system is the size and look of a bicycle helmet and could, in the future, be more broadly used for neuroscientific or physiological studies of brain activity during psychedelic use.

About Cybin

Cybin is a leading ethical biopharmaceutical company, working with a network of world-class partners and internationally recognized scientists, on a mission to create safe and effective therapeutics for patients to address a multitude of mental health issues. Headquartered in Canada and founded in 2019, Cybin is operational in Canada, the United States, United Kingdom and Ireland. The Company is focused on progressing Psychedelics to Therapeutics by engineering proprietary drug discovery platforms, innovative drug delivery systems, novel formulation approaches and treatment regimens for mental health disorders.

Cautionary Notes and Forward-Looking Statements

Certain statements in this press release constitute forward-looking information. All statements other than statements of historical fact contained in this press release, including, without limitation, statements regarding Cybins future, strategy, plans, objectives, goals and targets, and any statements preceded by, followed by or that include the words believe, expect, aim, intend, plan, continue, will, may, would, anticipate, estimate, forecast, predict, project, seek, should or similar expressions or the negative thereof, are forward-looking statements. Forward-looking statements in this news release include statements regarding the Companys proprietary drug discovery platforms, innovative drug delivery systems, novel formulation approaches and treatment regimens, including the anticipated results of using Kernel Flow technology, to potentially treat psychiatric disorders.

These forward-looking statements are based on reasonable assumptions and estimates of management of the Company at the time such statements were made. Actual future results may differ materially as forward-looking statements involve known and unknown risks, uncertainties, and other factors which may cause the actual results, performance, or achievements of the Company to materially differ from any future results, performance, or achievements expressed or implied by such forward-looking statements. Such factors, among other things, include: implications of the COVID-19 pandemic on the Companys operations; fluctuations in general macroeconomic conditions; fluctuations in securities markets; expectations regarding the size of the psychedelics market; the ability of the Company to successfully achieve its business objectives; plans for growth; political, social and environmental uncertainties; employee relations; the presence of laws and regulations that may impose restrictions in the markets where the Company operates; and the risk factors set out in the Company's management's discussion and analysis for the period ended December 31, 2021 and the Company's listing statement dated November 9, 2020, which are available under the Company's profile on http://www.sedar.com and with the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission on EDGAR at http://www.sec.gov. Although the forward-looking statements contained in this news release are based upon what management of the Company believes, or believed at the time, to be reasonable assumptions, the Company cannot assure shareholders that actual results will be consistent with such forward-looking statements, as there may be other factors that cause results not to be as anticipated, estimated or intended. Readers should not place undue reliance on the forward-looking statements and information contained in this news release. The Company assumes no obligation to update the forward-looking statements of beliefs, opinions, projections, or other factors, should they change, except as required by law.

Cybin makes no medical, treatment or health benefit claims about Cybins proposed products. The U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Health Canada or other similar regulatory authorities have not evaluated claims regarding psilocybin, psychedelic tryptamine, tryptamine derivatives or other psychedelic compounds. The efficacy of such products has not been confirmed by approved research. There is no assurance that the use of psilocybin, psychedelic tryptamine, tryptamine derivatives or other psychedelic compounds can diagnose, treat, cure or prevent any disease or condition. Rigorous scientific research and clinical trials are needed. Cybin has not conducted clinical trials for the use of its proposed products. Any references to quality, consistency, efficacy and safety of potential products do not imply that Cybin verified such in clinical trials or that Cybin will complete such trials. If Cybin cannot obtain the approvals or research necessary to commercialize its business, it may have a material adverse effect on Cybins performance and operations.

Neither the Neo Exchange Inc. nor the NYSE American LLC stock exchange have approved or disapproved the contents of this news release and are not responsible for the adequacy and accuracy of the contents herein.

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Congressman Says Dont Worry About SpaceX Leaving Texas – Government Technology

Posted: at 3:31 pm

(TNS) Elon Musk's answer to a question posed by The Brownsville Herald during Musk's Feb. 10 presentation at SpaceX's Starship development site at Boca Chica site, dubbed Starbase, has spawned a degree of anxiety among some local officials that the world's most successful private rocket company could slip away.

At issue is the Federal Aviation Administration's ongoing Final Programmatic Environmental Assessment (PEA) of SpaceX's plans for launching its Super Heavy boosters. The company has been preparing for its first orbital launch of a combined Starship-Super Heavy, from Boca Chica, but first the FAA has to complete the PEA. The release date has been pushed back multiple times, most recently to April 29, the FAA announced recently. The original deadline was Dec. 31, 2021

The PEA could contain a Finding of No Significant Impact in the PEA and the FAA could grant SpaceX the necessary launch license, or the agency could require a much more comprehensive, lengthy Environmental Impact Statement (EIS) on the company's plans for Boca Chica. If that happens, no orbital launches will take place at Boca Chica/Starbase anytime soon.

"Now we do have the alternative of the Cape," he said. "We actually applied for environmental approval for launching from the Cape a few years ago and received it. So we are actually approved from an environmental standpoint to launch from (launch complex) 39A. I guess our worst-case scenario is that we would be delayed for six to eight months to build up the Cape launch tower and launch from there."

Those words likely caused heartburn among local leaders betting on SpaceX and the space-related companies it attracts to transform Brownsville into "New Space City" and the region into a hub for the fast-growing private space sector.

But U.S. Rep. Vicente Gonzalez, representing Texas 15th Congressional District, thinks everyone should relax, and not assume the FAA's delays indicate impending bad news.

"I wasn't alarmed of the delay," he said. "I wasn't alarmed because I didn't get a call from them. If they had been freaked out they would have called us right away SpaceX, their lobbyists. ... I mean, this is quite normal."

Gonzalez said he's gotten no hint that "everything is not on track," noting that SpaceX has a well organized army of lobbyists on Capitol Hill advocating for the company with various agencies and committees.

As for what a congressman can do to affect the outcome, not a lot, he said, though Gonzalez and U.S. Rep. Filemon Vela did send the FAA a letter months ago requesting that the PEA be expedited.

"They're all independent agencies, right? We can only be as helpful as we can, but we can talk to the administration about it and be as encouraging as possible," Gonzalez said.

Even if the first Starship orbital launch does end up blasting off from Florida SpaceX is building that launch tower at 39A just like the one at Boca Chica he doesn't think SpaceX will abandon South Texas.

"They're not just going to pick up and leave," Gonzalez said. "They're pretty entrenched. They've made some pretty heavy investments out there, and the federal government has too. ... They've got like $1.5 billion in federal investments in that project. This is not going to just disappear."

He described Starship development as a "monumental project" and said there are bound to be hiccups along the way.

"If there were delays he's not going to stop his operation," Gonzalez said. "He'll just do what he has to in Florida and do what he can in Texas until we get to that finish line. But at this point I'm quite optimistic that everything's going to work out."

Musk, in response to a follow-up question from The Brownsville Herald at the Feb. 10 presentation, indicated that Boca Chica is indeed part of the company's long-term plans, even if it's not necessarily as a spaceport with Starships coming and going.

"The future role of Starbase I think, it's well suited to be kind of like our advanced (research and development) location, so it's like where we would try out new designs and new versions of the rocket," he said. "And then I think probably ( Cape Canaveral) would be our sort of main operational launch site.

"And then over time I think there's going to be floating spaceports like ocean spaceports. We've got these two converted oil rigs that are going to be turned into orbital launch sites, and they can be moved around the world."

2022 The Brownsville Herald (Brownsville, Texas). Distributed by Tribune Content Agency, LLC.

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SpaceX Ends Production of Crew Dragon, America’s Only Human-Rated Spacecraft – The Drive

Posted: at 3:31 pm

SpaceX has had a variety of struggles and successes since its inception 20 years ago, but one of its most resounding victories has been the successful development and flights of its manned space capsule, the Crew Dragon. The Crew Dragon capsule line has already completed four successful manned missions and is currently in orbit on its fifth manned flight. While the capsules are reusable and will continue to see service in coming years, SpaceX has decided to end production of the capsule after the fourth vehicle's production, according to a report from Reuters.

The Crew Dragon's importance to NASA is hard to understate, as it is the only human-approved, low-earth-orbit-transport that the U.S. currently has access to launch from its own soil. For nearly a decade after the discontinuation of the Shuttle program, NASA's only option to ferry astronauts to and from the International Space Station were Russian Soyuz rockets launched from the Baikonur Cosmodrome in Kazakhstan, which is leased to Russia through 2050. As Russia's space agency Roscosmos increasingly joins the saber-rattling of the Russian government at large, having a domestic option to carry American astronauts back and forth to the ISS is not just a point of national pride, it's prudent.

And the Crew Dragon's results have been promising, too. Three of the four vehicles already have flown to the ISS, crew members on board, on the back of the company's own Falcon line of rockets. The decision to stop manufacturing more vehicles was seen as inevitable, but the specific fleet plans were unknown until yesterday when Reuters interviewed SpaceX president Gwynne Shotwell.

"We are finishing our final (capsule), but we still are manufacturing components, because we'll be refurbishing," Shotwell said. She also added that the company would keep the ability to produce more Crew Dragon vehicles in the future if needed, but that SpaceX needs to ensure it can manage its fleet. NASA as of last year was still working on determining just how many times the Crew Dragon capsules could be used before they would need to be retired for safety reasons, and Shotwell has previously stated it is designed for "five to ten missions." NASA previously also announced that SpaceX's vehicles would be needed for more missions than initially planned, as Boeing's StarlinerSpaceX's main competitor, who also has a contract for crewed ISS missions with NASAhas been delayed due to development problems.

The Crew Dragon's successor, SpaceX's Starship, would theoretically replace the Crew Dragon with higher payloads and more reusability, with SpaceX CEO Elon Musk saying it will allow humanity to become an interplanetary species due to its lifting power and potential range.

However, it has been plagued by regulatory environmental review issues regarding its Boca Chica, Texas launch site and repeated test failures, and has had its own timeline for launch moved back repeatedly. While the most recent launch of the SN15 test rocket was successful, it has yet to complete an orbital test, though one is planned for May of this year, per Musk. The lengthy NASA human-rated certification process will also likely take years to completethe parachute and abort system testing of Crew Dragon took roughly four years from its initial test phase to actually carrying astronauts to the ISS.

While the current Starship timeline projects that a crewed flyby of the Moon could potentially happen as early as next year, Musk has also said that Starship will be tested "hundreds of times" before flying with humans on board. Additionally, Musk has added on Twitter recently that Starship will likely be further delayed because of a reprioritization of SpaceX "to cyber defense & overcoming signal jamming." All of this comes on top of the CEO's comments last year that the company could potentially face bankruptcy if the economy heads into rough waters and Starship does not become profitable rapidly enough.

With potential further Starship delays ahead and five of the 20 to 40 potential flights the current four-vehicle fleet of Crew Dragons are capable of already launched, NASA might need SpaceX's Dragon production capacity yet again in the future if the capsule's discontinuation impacts future ISS flights. After all, it's not looking like asking Russia for a ride again is looking any better by the day.

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SpaceX Ends Production of Crew Dragon, America's Only Human-Rated Spacecraft - The Drive

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Governor Abbott touts Port of Brownsville as solution to US supply chain issues – KRLD

Posted: at 3:31 pm

Texas Governor Greg Abbott says a busier Port of Brownsville could do a lot to unkink the supply chain.

Governor Abbott says for the past 17 years, Texas has been the number one exporting state in the nation, and the port of Brownsville has played a big role in that success.He would like it to be even busier.

"You see all these ships lined up for months, waiting to get into a California port when in reality they could deliver their goods a lot more quickly if they were able to ship them through the Panama Canal and come up through Texas ports" said Abbott.

He says the Brownsville port is also close to sources of energy, oil and gas, which can be transported to and from the port.

Abbott wants Texas and the rest of the nation, move towards energy independence."One thing that Europe is learning the hard way is what happens when you rely upon despots for your energy.To provide Americans and the world with reliable energy the federal government needs to unleash the oil and gas sector across the United States, increase LNG exports and accelerate the permitting process."

He also touched upon the Starship program, the world's first private spaceport which is launching from Cameron County. He calls Space X projects ``transformational." The governor says he will work hard to ensure the launches will continue from Boca Chica.

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Governor Abbott touts Port of Brownsville as solution to US supply chain issues - KRLD

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