Monthly Archives: April 2022

One Chefs Spin on the Colombian TamalInspired by the Caribbean Coast – Saveur

Posted: April 6, 2022 at 8:43 pm

The tamal has many different faces across Colombia, with distinct parts of the country incorporating particular starches, proteins, vegetables, and seasonings into their renditions of the leaf-wrapped dish. Chef Alejandra Cubillos Gonzlez, who was born and raised in Bogot, grew up eating tamal santafereo, a variety typical of the capital region that usually includes pork, chicken, peas, carrots, and cornmeal, all bound up tightly in wrapped banana leaves. Every year at Christmas and the New Year, her grandmother, who ran a restaurant and cooked all her life, would prepare the dish for the whole family, with relatives helping assemble and wrap each tamal.

After Gonzlez became a chef herself and began developing recipes for the menu at Baha Restaurant in Isla Bar, a former peninsula accessible from the port city of Cartagena, she wanted to represent her native countrys knack for cooking foods wrapped in natural fibers. She also wanted to highlight the local cuisine, which was so different from that of the capital, thanks to the coastal climate and Caribbean influencesnamely, the bounty of fresh fish.

It was in Cartagena that Gonzlez first began to cook fish regularly, especially locally abundant varieties such as horse mackerel and various snappers she had rarely encountered before. Being close to the sea, I can be more connected with local fishermen, learn from them, and discover other types of food, she says. They advised me in the best method of cooking for each varietyfried, roasted, or with some sauce.

To encapsulate some of her new home citys quintessential foodways in a single dish, Gonzlez decided that a tamal-inspired parcel might be a great vehicle for allowing a delicate cut of local corvina to shine. Further drawing on the coastal regions specialties, she dreamed up a tomato-and-coconut-milk-based saucesomewhat reminiscent of cazuela de mariscos, or seafood stew, one of Cartagenas representative dishesto pour over the fish. A common ingredient in Colombias coastal regions because of how plentiful it is, coconut gives us flavor, moisture, and natural fat that lends texture and aroma, Gonzlez explains, while also balancing out the acidity of the tomatoes.

She wraps the fish and sauce in plantain leaves to protect the ingredients we have chosen, noting that the natural fibers concentrate the flavors within and preserve the integrity of the fillings as the dish steams. The leaves also impart their own subtly herbaceous and mildly bitter fragrance into the fixings. Gonzlez further ups the aroma by heating the leaves over hot coals prior to wrapping, which infuses them with smoky flavor and also improves their pliability.

Wrapping dishes in banana leaves was a tradition of our ancestors, she explains. (The whole reason for wrapping food, of course, originates in the need to transport it, according to Mariana Velasquez, author of the cookbook Colombiana: A Rediscovery of Recipes and Rituals from the Soul of Colombia. In these little packets, you have a full meal.) Traditional tamal recipes generally include starches like rice, and meats like chicken or pork, but Gonzlez believed in the versatility of the cooking method. To bring it into the present, we decided to apply this wrapping technique to the fish.

In the kitchen at Baha Restaurant, Gonzlez opens up the leaves slightly before serving, so that the fillings peek out and aromatic steam billows from the unwrapped foliage; diners can dig in right awayno unpacking required. Cartagenas penchant for coconut appears again in a bowl of fragrant coconut rice, served alongside the leaf-cradled tamal. And leaves arent the only part of the banana on the tableeveryone also gets a helping of plantain chips to nibble on as they look out over Bars white-sand shoreline. In many ways, this coastal-inspired meal captures the surroundings perfectly.

Though Gonzlezs tamal may differ from traditional recipes, she considers her interpretation both a celebration of Colombias tradition of expertly wrapping foods, and also a representation of Cartagenas culinary specialties. Through this dish, we pay homage to our traditions and to our ingredients, she says. The person who tastes this fish can take a trip through their palate.

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Healing beyond the couch: There’s no one way to heal | Loop Caribbean News – Loop News Caribbean

Posted: at 8:43 pm

Talk therapy has its place.

There is no question that therapy in its many forms - from virtual online sessions to text-based therapy via online messaging to traditional sessions of seeing a professional in-person or through group support - plays an important role in healing.

Talk therapy has saved more lives than we can capture through statistics.For, it provides a space for us to process difficult emotions, navigate life transitions, heal deep-rooted emotional wounds and develop coping strategies.

But as effective as it is, talk therapy or psychotherapy is not the only cure-all for persons who are struggling with their mental health.

Healing Alternatives

Tracey Wattley, owner of Island Therapy on the island of St Kitts has realised that there is not any one treatment that fits all and individuals can use a combination of treatments to get the help that is needed.

Many persons who participate in therapy receive strength and recovery through individual or group services. However, psychotherapy is just one technique in treating mental health. There are other things like medication, case management, hospitalisation, support groups, self-help plan, peer support, that can complement the work of psychotherapy and are effective, Tracey Wattley, Psychotherapist, Island Therapy.

Community Healing

We cannot ignore the role of community in our healing experience.

On the practical level though in the Caribbean, we have always been a close-knitted society, and to some extent, our lives are enmeshed on a community level so being our brothers keeper goes a long way in looking out for each other. Learning how to hold space for each other by being observant of whats happening and practising effective listening is powerful, Tracey Wattley.

Our community might be our religious church group, or it may be our chosen friend circle or people in a community group who are passionate about the things that we care deeply about. Or, our community might look like reasoning with the elders around us from time to time.

Whatever form your community might take lean into that.

For, it is in a community that we are given a space to get together, voice our concerns and develop personally or spiritually and become psychologically strong.

On an individual level practising mindfulness works. Mindfulness is tapping into our human ability to be fully present and aware of where we are and what we are doing daily. Knowing whats affecting us, accessing our state of mind by acknowledging our thoughts and emotions and in general of well-being is a skill that can help us remain mental well.

Outdoor Therapy

Traceys private practice, Island Therapy, utilises the persons-centered approach and she addresses, challenges like substance use, anxiety and depression, relationship difficulties, stress and anger management, gender identity/sexual orientation, grief, and complex trauma. What is unique about her practice is that it is not confined to a room, but her sessions involve being outdoors too.

Nature gives us a full mind-body recharge and reset. And, most times it is free.

Regardless of what island you find yourself on, going to the beach or spending time in nature is a sure way to boost your mood.

Whether it is the crisp breeze, the sound of the roaring ocean or the sand under our feet, or it is soaking in the sun or hearing the cocks crow and birds chirp, we dont need a science-backed list of why nature generates a feel-good emotional response in us. We know this from experience. By simply stepping outside.

Our Culture is Our Medicine

Healing can also include cultural traditions, practices, and preferences that we hold close to our hearts.

Music, painting, and fetes make up the fabric of who we are and offer us a mental rest that can help us disconnect, and release stress and anxiety.

How? They produce those feel-good hormones oxytocin, serotonin, endorphins, and dopamine that rush through our bodies. Feeling low mood? Consider stepping outside and focusing on the sounds and visuals in nature. Or take deep, belly full breaths for three minutes to calm the mind. Or turn on aDJ Puffymix to wake your happy hormones.

Yoga and Breathwork

Dale Amory the owner of Imagine Yoga on St Kitts has witnessed firsthand the healing power of yoga and movement. She has seen how practices in yoga and breathwork have helped people to release trauma that may have taken root in their minds and body.

"'Yoga - living within is the only way out. All life happens within you and once you understand that, you become the captain of your healing journey, Dale Amory, Owner, Imagine Yoga.

Dale was instrumental in bringing one of the first yoga retreats to St Kitts and has hosted numerous weekend retreats. If you visit one of her sessions, it is clear that her passion is teaching, but her impact is healing.

On the connection of yoga and mental health, Dale shares that Yoga has many tools to help us remain in the present moment, and it helps us to become calm and relaxed in all situations. Our breath being our most valuable tool.

In October 2018, Dale became a certified Hatha Yoga teacher. She has completed a Gong Mastery course at Hawkwood College and recently completed a second course in Sound Therapy for Groups with the Sound Healing Academy.

All of her experience and training is centered on healing from the inside out and it is an experience that many locals participate in as an alternative to talk therapy.

Yoga is a way of life. It goes way beyond what happens on the mat. It Is the union of our entire being; our body, mind, energies, and emotions. Our goal is to teach everyone how to use our most powerful tool, our breath, which is always a part of us, at any time to help calm their body, mind, energies, and emotions. It is so important to understand that what happens in one aspect of our life, affects all aspects, Dale Amory, Owner, Imagine Yoga.

The Mind-Gut Connection

As we contemplate healing, holistically, we have to pay attention to the direct link between what we eat and what we feel.

Whether it is a fresh bowl of greens with plantains, bush tea, or sweet drinks and burger and fries, what we eat may trigger emotional shifts in us a dynamic that doctors call the mind-gut connection, and the reason scientists call the gut, our second brain.

But we dont have to run off to try the latest diets pushed by wellness influencers, we can start cultivating a healthy gut by eatingcruciferous vegetablesand coloured vegetables that are plentiful in our markets and backyards.

Start Healing with What Resonates with You

Accessing help practically means taking a look at different factors like what type of help is available and also considering if one can afford the help financially, the level of help that is required among other factors, Tracey Wattley, Psychotherapist, Island Therapy.

We couldnt agree more.

There are different ways to heal with professionals. Figuring out what to try starts with doing what you are drawn to and honouring your cultural roots. All the while being open to exploring other ways of healing.

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Dubai Expo and the Caribbean Investment Forum – Trinidad & Tobago Express Newspapers

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A lot has been happening in Dubai, the United Arab Emirates (UAE), involving Caricom countries, which, except for a few articles, have mostly gone under the radar in the Region.

Dubai 2020 Expo

Dubai has been hosting a world exposition from October 1, 2021, which ended last Thursday. World expositions are large scale universal fairs covering a variety of themes. These fairs are sanctioned by the Bureau International des Expositions (BIE). It was agreed from 2013 that Dubai would host this exposition in 2020. Due to the Covid-19 virus, however, this first world exposition to be held in the Middle East, was postponed to 2021.

These world fairs are seen as opportunities to showcase the participating countries in individual pavilions. They are also opportunities to make contacts, forge partnerships, deepen relations, explore investment opportunities, cooperate on various projects, and exchange information and experiences. The Caricom Member States have participated in several of these expositions over the years either collectively or as individual countries.

This 2020 Dubai exposition was held under the theme Connecting Minds, Creating the Future with sub-themes, opportunity, mobility and sustainability. Topics highlighted during the expo included climate and biodiversity, urban and rural development, travel and connectivity and food, agriculture and livelihoods.

One hundred and ninety-two countries have been participating, including from Caricom, Antigua and Barbuda, Belize, Dominica, Grenada, Guyana, Haiti, Jamaica, Saint Lucia, St Kitts/Nevis, St Vincent and the Grenadines, Suriname, and T&T.

The Expo has provided an opportunity to host various trade and economic events in Dubai. Thus, Caricom government officials have visited their pavilions on their national days and participated in the various spin-off events. Jamaicas Minister of Foreign Affairs and Foreign Trade, Senator Kamina Johnson Smith, visited in February, along with Minister of Tourism Edmund Bartlett, for Jamaicas National Day on February 18.

Up to the end of February, it was reported that over 14 million people had visited this expo.

Caribbean Investment Forum

The Caribbean Export Development Agency (Caribbean Export), in association with the Caribbean Association of Investment Promotion Agencies (CAIPA) hosted the Caribbean Export Forum in Dubai on March 22. This high level event aimed to present a variety of investment opportunities in the Caribbean in agricultural technology, hotel and resort development, logistics and transportation, and financial technology.

The Forum had sessions on doing business in the Caribbean and investment opportunities, as well as providing time for networking. The Forum was showcasing the Caribbean in the UAE and to others in that region. It was attended by over 250 participants. With business meetings taking place over three days. The keynote address was delivered by Dr Mohamed Irfaan Ali, president of the Co-operative Republic of Guyana. Ali, pointed to the Caribbean as a region built on resilience and diversity which will allow investment to thrive even though its population is small. He said: Once you have the capital, the foresight, access to technology, then the Caribbean Region is a destination you should be looking at. It is a destination that offers you an opportunity to build a complex, multifaceted investment platform. And its a region that is looking at being self-sufficient in many areas.

Ali highlighted the regions economic potential and spoke extensively about opportunities also in environmental services, the blue economy, agriculture, infrastructure, logistics, tourism and other areas of potential and predicted growth.

He pointed to the Regions location with its direct access to South, Central and North America and its investment and trade arrangements. Countries in the region, he said, are aiming to transform their infrastructure, and are looking at building infrastructure that will support regional development.

The president also spoke of Guyanas great potential as an investment destination given its natural resources. The region is seeking investments from the Middle East where capital is available.

Caricom countries have made other efforts to court investments in the Middle East. I hope that participation in the Dubai 2020 Expo, which closes this week, will be successful in generating new investment flows into the region to aid the effort to build back better post-Covid.

*Elizabeth Morgan, who writes for CMC, is a specialist in international trade policy and international politics.

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We tried the tiny new restaurant bringing a taste of the Caribbean to Grangetown – Wales Online

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You're spoilt for choice when looking for new cuisine to try on Clare Road in Grangetown. Stores and restaurants all along the road, which cuts through the centre of the Cardiff suburb, celebrate the diversity and multiculturalism of the area with all corners of the world represented.

Last month, the hugely popular Cardiff pop-up and ramen kit producer Matsudai Ramen announced it was taking over the former site of Natwest Bank on the road, its first permanent restaurant after being founded a little over two years ago. It takes its place alongside restaurants plating up dishes from all over the world, including Eastern Europe, Asia and the Middle East. You can read our review of the restaurant serving the best Yemeni food in Cardiff here.

But there is now another new restaurant to shout about. Having been based in a portacabin on Dumballs Road in Butetown for the past two years, The Caribbean Way has a new location on Clare Road, on the former site of Wild Thing cafe. Established in 2014, the Caribbean restaurant and takeaway has won a legion of fans, including rappers, footballers and reality stars, and their announcement last month that they were moving to Grangetown has got a lot of Cardiff foodies feeling excited.

Read more:Coffi Co reveal plans to open third dog-friendly coffee shop in Cardiff

After hearing only good things about both the food and customer service, I decided to go and try Grangetown's newest restaurant for myself. I went down to Clare Road on a Tuesday lunchtime armed with a healthy appetite and high expectations. To read more of the latest food and drink news and reviews sign up for our weekly Food & Drink newsletter here.

Sandwiched between Blend coffee shop and Al Miro's barbers, there was not too much space in the unit for the restaurant to work with. However, it feels snug rather than cramped thanks to a smart layout which includes a large service counter and food preparation area and a few tables along the wall and by the window. Another benefit is the smell of the rich jerk seasoning that wafts around the restaurant as the food is prepared.

I had a tough time choosing what I wanted due to the number of mouth-watering options on offer. While I was still in time for the breakfast menu - which runs until 1pm and includes a Jamaican special of ackee and saltfish with plantain and fried dumplings - I was drawn to their wide selection of jerk dishes. I admit I was also tempted by traditional Caribbean dishes of curry goat and oxtail, but in the end, I opted for a 1/4 jerk chicken with a side of seasoned fries and rice and peas, which came to 10. For my drink, I couldn't resist adding the bottle of luminous red fruit punch (3) from the top shelf of the fridge to my order.

I had arrived at the restaurant just after midday and was initially surprised to find that I was only one of two customers there. However, within around 15 minutes of my arrival, the lunchtime rush was in full swing, with co-workers and families all popping in for a sit-down meal or to pick up a takeaway.

After a very short wait, my food arrived, and I was taken aback by how colourful the plate was a hefty piece of sticky, jerk-drizzled chicken lay on a healthy bed of rice and was paired with creamy-looking coleslaw and a huge basket of fries. It looked incredibly tempting and comforting and I couldn't wait to tuck in.

It only took a couple of bites to realise this dish was not just full of colour, but full of flavour too. The jerk marinade that coated the chicken was big and punchy, fragrantly spiced and bringing a good amount of heat, while the meat itself was tender and juicy and took very little work to be taken off the bone. While I'd opted for chicken on this occasion, the big flavours of the marinade made me also want to try the whole range of jerk dishes, which include lamb chops, salmon and prawns.

The chicken was the undisputed star of the show, but the dish was really brought together by the accompanying sides. The rice and peas were light and soaked up the drizzle nicely, while also carrying a hint of coconut which helped to give it a bit of edge against the overwhelming jerk flavour. The coleslaw was sweet and citrusy, with this fruity freshness providing a nice contrast to the rest of the meal.

There was no danger of me going hungry thanks to the generous portion of fries I was served. These were well cooked and had a good crunch to them, although I was hoping for a stronger kick from the seasoning given the substantial dusting they had clearly been given. An incredibly minor grievance from me, however, as this meal was certainly not lacking in flavour.

The homemade fruit punch, labelled with the funky Caribbean Way logo, was also a nice surprise. It is hugely sweet and even flirts with sickliness, but never quite crosses that line. It gives you all of the immediate satisfaction that comes from eating a big bag of sweets, without the unfortunate comedown.

By the point I'd finished my meal, it was standing room only at the Clare Road restaurant, with staff impressively managing to remain attentive to those enjoying their food while dealing with a huge wave of new orders. Having only opened last week, it is clear that word has already spread around Grangetown, with this only set to increase over the coming months.

All in all, I couldn't really fault it. I had enjoyed a lunch full of vibrant, interesting flavours that had clearly been lovingly and expertly prepared, and had only cost me 13 in total. My only regret was not picking up a slice of the sprinkle sponge cake that was being batched up in my eye line during my meal. I guess I'll have to come back again for that!

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Latin America and the Caribbean map pathway to transform agrifood systems – World – ReliefWeb

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Ministers of worlds largest agrifood net exporting region meet in Ecuador for FAO Regional Conference focused on healthy diets, inclusive rural societies and sustainable agriculture

**Quito/Rome **Ministers from Latin America and the Caribbean met today to foster healthy diets, galvanize inclusive rural development and promote sustainable and resilient agriculture in the wake of the COVID-19 pandemic, as well as to discuss ways to mitigate the impact of rising food and fertilizer prices on the region, the worlds largest net food exporter.

The Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) 37th Regional Conference for Latin America and the Caribbean, which is hosted by the Government of Ecuador, continues through 1 April 2022.

The conference is an opportunity for us to coordinate in a concerted fashion the protection of the resources of social capital and the economy that depend on agricultural production, said President Guillermo Lasso of Ecuador.

The food you produce and export will influence the nutrition of hundreds of millions of men, women and children within and beyond the shores of this prodigious land, FAO Director-General QU Dongyu said in his opening remarks to an audience including President Guillermo Lasso of Ecuador and ministers from 33 countries in the region.

He praised the regions ministers, and all the public and private actors in its agrifood systems for their work to keep food production and trade flowing during the pandemic.

You must maintain this same effort across your agrifood systems, to the benefit of global food security, he added.

Regional Conferences are governing bodies of FAO that meet every two years. They offer a forum for Members to identify key priority areas of work with FAO and provide guidance on the effective implementation of the FAO Strategic Framework 2022-31, in line with the regional specificities of Latin America and the Caribbean.

The Director-General emphasized that the FAO Strategic Framework 2022-31 offers a clear roadmap to move towards more efficient, more inclusive, more resilient and more sustainable agrifood systems for better production, better nutrition, a better environment and a better life for all, leaving no one behind.

Pedro lava, Minister of Agriculture of Ecuador and Chairperson of the Regional Conference, outlined his countrys aim to prepare agriculture to face climate challenges, including by the use of genomic editing technologies to keep plant disease from destroying the countrys banana production.

The Four Betters in regional context

The priority themes for this Regional Conference are sustainable agrifood systems for healthy diets for all; prosperous and inclusive rural societies; and sustainable and resilient agriculture.

A new urgency debated by Members during the Regional Conference is the rise in food and fertilizer prices, exacerbated by the war in Ukraine; which Director-General Qu recognized as of critical importance to the region, as it poses risks to producers, consumers and economic recovery.

Peace is fundamental to protect people from hunger! he said. I call on you to identify the key multilateral actions that can be taken to reduce the impact of the crisis, he added: No single country is big enough, or powerful enough, to address this problem on its own. Qu noted that FAO has issued a call for all countries to keep global food and fertilizer trade open.

Accelerating innovations and policies in response to the rapid rise in the price of fertilizers and other inputs is part of what is meant by better production, which can help the region consolidate its role as the worlds foremost net exporter of food. Latin America and the Caribbean produces enough calories to feed 1.3 billion people, Qu noted, calling it an enormous achievement and yet it will not be sufficient to feed the almost 10 billion people expected to live on the planet in 2050.

Better nutrition is an important issue given the alarming rise in hunger as well as the rising tide of obesity in the region, the FAO Director-General added, calling for more robust school feeding and other social protection programmes while noting that 23 countries in the region have already promulgated laws and regulations to discourage the consumption of highly-processed foods.

Achieving a better environment will entail adapting and increasing the resilience of agrifood systems to the impacts of the climate crisis and reducing their greenhouse gas emissions, which today account for 45 percent of the total anthropogenic emissions of the region.

The fourth better, a better life for all, requires protecting the many families impacted the most by the pandemic, and a concerted effort to reduce territorial, gender, ethnic and rural-urban inequalities, Qu said.

He added that digitalization is a powerful tool able to help progress towards all four betters, one that should be incorporated together with science and innovation at all levels of agrifood systems, and complemented by fair and rule-based international trade.

What FAO is doing

The Director-General emphasized that he has initiated institutional reforms to give FAOs regional and subregional offices more agility to help them deliver on flagship initiatives and support the translation of global strategic aims into impact on the ground.

As examples of this enhanced delivery, he cited that six countries in the region are already participating in the Hand-in-Hand Initiative, which aims at increasing agricultural production in areas with the highest rates of poverty and hunger, and is underway in six countries of the region. He also pointed to 14 countries participating in the 1,000 Digital Villages Initiative, which seeks to reduce the digital gap faced by smallholders and rural dwellers, and the new One Country One Priority Product initiative, focuses on products with unique qualities. FAO has also established a new Technical Platform for Family Farming to promote innovations in their productive systems, as well as an innovative Territorial Digital Hub in Ecuador that will be extended to other countries soon

These initiatives all require greater investment, which is an area where FAO can help, Qu said, noting that in the past two years FAO supported 43 investment projects in 19 countries, totaling $3.8 billion.

Contact

FAO News and Media(+39) 06 570 53625 FAO-Newsroom@fao.org

Christopher EmsdenFAO News and Media (Rome) (+39) 06 570 53291 christopher.emsden@fao.org

Benjamn LabatutFAO Regional Office for Latin America and the Caribbean (+39) 06 570 53625 benjamin.labatut@fao.org

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7 Sports of Ancient Greece – History

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The ancient Greeks, who staged the first Olympic Games back in 776 B.C., gave the world the idea of organized big-time sports events as entertainment for arenas full of spectators. More than that, they were the first culture in which people idolized their favorite athletic superstars, to a level that even todays most fanatical sports fans might find extreme.

The Greeks believed that athletes had special powers, explains David Lunt, an associate professor of history at Southern Utah University who is an expert on ancient Greek athletics and author of The Crown Games of Ancient Greece: Archaeology, Athletes and Heroes. They commissioned poems to be sung about them, and they told stories about statues of athletes that could heal people."

Lunt cites the example of Theagenes of Thasos, a champion boxer, runner and competitor in Pankration, the ancient equivalent of mixed martial arts, who was so idolized for his athletic prowess that archaeologists in the 1930s found an altar at which he was venerated, centuries after his death. As Lunt says, They were pretty crazy for these athletes.

The ancient Greeks may have loved sports because males grew up participating in them. As Lunt notes, every Greek city had its own gymnasium, where local males took off their clothes and competed in the nude at various sports, such as wrestling and foot races.

The Greeks valued physical and athletic prowess, and the toned male body was sought after as aesthetically pleasing, says Zina Giannopoulou, an associate professor of classics at the University of California, Irvine who has comparedthe ancient and modern Olympics. Physical strength and prowess were also signs of moral strength, denoting self-discipline, hard work, and dedication to winning. Athletes were seen as the epitome of arete, a Greek word that means virtue or excellence.

The Greeks also simply loved to watch competitions. In addition to the Olympics every four years, they held games at other religious festivalsthe Pythian Games for Apollo at Delphi, the Isthmian Games for Poseidon and the Nemean Games, which honored Zeus. The Crown Games, as these competitions collectively were known, featured a range of events, from chariot races to track and field events and combat sports.

The athletes who competed in these events most likely were well-to-do Greeks who could afford to train instead of having to work for a living. If you wanted to compete in the Olympics, you had to show up at least a month early to train under the watch of the officials, who presumably would weed out anybody who wasnt up to the level of competition, Lunt says.

The Greeks didnt have team sports, only individual competitions, and they didnt allow women to compete in eventsor even, in the case of married women, to attend the games. There was one legendary exceptionKallipateira of Rhodes, who disguised herself as a male trainer so she could watch her sons boxing match. When caught, she defended herself by saying that she of all women should be allowed to attend having had a father, three brothers, a son, and a nephew who had among themselves won eight times, says Giannopoulou. Her life was spared, but in the aftermath the trainers were required to attend the Games in the nude.

Here are some of the sports in which ancient Greek athletes competed.

Greek hero and king of Argos n Amphiaraus depicted competing in a chariot race in a relief dating to the 4th century B.C.

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Chariot races were one of the oldest Greek sportsartistic evidence on ancient pottery suggests that the event dates back to the Mycenean Period from 1600 to 1100 B.C., and the poet Homer describes a chariot race held at the funeral of Patroclus in the Iliad, Giannopoulou notes. First included in the Olympics in 680 B.C., drivers raced in both four and two-horse chariot races.

According to Miller, the race consisted of 12 laps around a hippodrome, or horse track, and then 12 times in the opposite direction. The actual length varied depending upon where the event was held. Chariot racing was an expensive sport to compete in, and the owners of the horses and chariotswho watched as drivers competed in their nameused the event to flaunt their wealth. Hippodromes didnt have a divider in the center of the oval, head-on crashes between chariots and horse teams sometimes occurred, which made chariot racing an extremely dangerous sport.

Relief depicting horses and riders commemorating the victory of the Leontis tribe in a horse race, Athens, Greece.

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Kele, or riders competing in horseback, was added to the Olympics in 648 B.C., according to Millers book. The race was about 1.2 kilometers (approximately three quarters of a mile) in length. The jockeyswho were young boys and probably slavesrode bareback, without stirrups, though they did have reins and a whip to guide the horses.

Art on an ancient Greek cup features athletes running.

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The Greeks loved footraces, particularly the stadion, which was named after an ancient unit of measurement and corresponded to the 200-meter sprint in modern track, according to Stephen Gaylord Millers Ancient Greek Athletics. From 776 to 726 B.C., it was the only event at the Olympic Games. The Greeks later added the diaulos, the equivalent of todays 400 meters event, as well as a distance event, the dolichos, which was between 7.5 and 9 kilometersroughly similar to the 10K event that countless recreational runners now participate in each weekend. But the Greeks had one event that has no modern counterpartthe hoplitodromos, in which competitors emulated Greek infantry, and ran wearing helmets and bronze shin guards and carried shields.

A relief depicting a wrestling competition between athletes, from Kerameikos necropolis, Athens, Greece, circa 510 B.C.

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In ancient Greek-style wrestling, grapplers fought in a standing position, with the object of throwing the opponent to the ground, according to Miller. The concept of pinning an adversarys shoulders to the ground didnt yet exist. Instead, wrestlers won a match by throwing an opponent three times. Another unique feature of the ancient event was that there were no weight classes, according to Lunt. The most fearsome wrestler of ancient times wasMilos of Kroton, who in legend developed his great strength by lifting and carrying a newborn calf until it grew into a full-sized ox.

A ancient Greek athlete competing in the discus.

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The discus and javelin, to modern field events, date back to the ancient Greeks, but back then, they werent separate events. Instead, they were part of the pentathlon, a five-event combination that also included the long jump, running and wrestling. The Greeks had lead or stone weights, called halteres, that some believe jumpers used in an effort to propel themselves further during the competition, though Lunt believes that the weights were only used in training.

Ancient Greek boxing, as portrayed on a ceramic vessel.

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Unlike modern boxing, the Greeks version had no rounds and no time limit. Instead, boxers simply fought until one man was either unable to continue or admitted that he was beaten. Like wrestling, the Greek boxers competed in a single open division, and they wore thin leather thongs called himantes around their knuckles and wrists, but no padded gloves.

The Pankration was an athletic contest that combined boxing, wrestling and kicking.

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This sport, whose name means complete victory in ancient Greek, was a sort of no-holds barred version of modern mixed martial arts. According to Thomas A. Greens Martial Arts of the World: An Encyclopedia, Vol.1, contestants used some of the same techniques as modern MMA, including boxing punches, elbows, knee strikes, low kicks aimed at an opponents legs, submission holds and ground grappling. They also were allowed to hit or kick opponents in the groin, something thats not allowed in MMA, and unlike modern UFC fighters, they didnt wear gloves, which allowed them to use karate-style knife hand strikes. Only biting and gouging were outlawed.

According to Michael B. Poliakoffs Combat Sports in the Ancient World: Competition, Violence, and Culture, Sostratos of Sikyon won numerous crowns in competitions by bending opponents fingers back painfully until they were in danger of breaking (another technique outlawed in MMA).

Instead of the octagon, with its padded surface, competitors fought in a sand pit. The result was a bloody, brutal contest that not only tested an athletes fighting skills, but his ability to endure pain. As the 2nd Century A.D. writer Lucian described, fighters would pummel each other until their mouths were full of blood and sand, as a referee urges them on and praises the one who struck the blow.

Ancient Greek athletes didnt earn anything comparable to the astronomical salaries that NBA and NFL players receive today, though they did have an opportunity to win prizes. At the Panathenaea, the games held to honor Athens and Athena, the winner of a foot race got 200 large, ornate jars filled with olive oil.

I guess he could sell it, or else it would be a lifetime supply, Lunt says. But for many ancient competitors, the adulation of the crowd, and the chance to achieve immortality because of their ability, may have been enough of a payoff.

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Join us for a screening and panel discussion of Springboard at the Computer History Museum – The Verge

Posted: at 8:42 pm

A decade before Steve Jobs introduced the iPhone, a tiny team of renegades attempted to build the modern smartphone. Nearly forgotten by history, a little startup called Handspring tried to make the future before it was ready. In Springboard: the secret history of the first real smartphone, Dieter Bohn talks to the visionaries at Handspring and dives into their early successes and eventual failures.

Join us at the Computer History Museum (CHM) in Mountain View, California, on Friday, May 6th, at 7PM PT for a screening of Springboard and a panel discussion featuring Dieter Bohn, former Handspring CEO Donna Dubinsky, and former Handspring president and COO Ed Colligan.

Registration for the free event is open now. Everyone who enters CHM must be vaccinated, including all staff, volunteers, and visitors. Please review CHMs health and safety guidelines prior to visiting the Museum.

The program will also be livestreamed using Zoom. Make sure to sign up for virtual access using the registration form. Guests registered for the virtual program will receive a link to join 24 hours prior to the event date.

Springboard is also streaming online. You can watch it on The Verges YouTube channel or our new app on Android TV, Amazon Fire, Roku, or Apple TV.

To watch on your TV, visit your preferred streaming devices app store and search for The Verge, or follow these instructions for each of the streaming devices.

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Join us for a screening and panel discussion of Springboard at the Computer History Museum - The Verge

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Russia, Ukraine, and the Misuse of History – Defense One

Posted: at 8:42 pm

In the five weeks since Russia invaded Ukraine, scores of articles have drawn upon history to explain Moscow's actions and intent. Some point to the Soviet suppression of a democracy movement in Hungaryin 1956, while others draw lessons from the Russian Federations assault on the Chechen city of Groznyin 1999. The idea seems to be to fit Russias actions in Ukraine into a playbook that might tell us what happens next. But this approach, whether applied to the current conflict or others, often obscures the uniqueness of given historical events. The 20th-century philosopher George Santayana said that those who do not understand the past are condemned to repeat it.Notice that Santayana chose the word past and not the word history. That is because history constructs a story of the past; history itself is not repeatable.

But it is important, and historical cases can offer lessons and insights about potential pitfalls that lie ahead. Understanding how present events differ from those of the past adds additional, vital nuance to analysis. Conversely, drawing straight lines from history to explain todays situation is not particularly helpful because Russias actions in Ukraine are without parallel. Russia, today, is not the Soviet Union; the Russian military not the Red Army; Ukraine is not Chechnya; this war is not like Afghanistan in the 1980s. Or in other words history does not quite repeat itself.

History as playbook has been used to paint the Ukraine conflict as start of larger battle for Europe. Citing 20th-century events, some have suggested that after Ukraine, Russia will move on to other countries, like the Baltics or Poland. The Soviet suppression of pro-democracy movements in Hungary in 1956, in Czechoslovakia in 1968, and once again in Poland in 1980, suggest a sequence of dominoes that have fallen in the past, and will continue now with the Russians in Ukraine.

But even if it is Putins intent to knock over one domino of a European country after another, the Russian Armyunlike the Soviet Army of oldsimply does not have the capacity to do that. Eastern European countries are no longer members of the Soviet Bloc, but rather members of NATO and the European Union, and as such have collective defense agreements that make it unlikely that Russia could pick them off one at a time. Moreover, with an estimated three-quarters of its battalion tactical groups committed to Ukraine, Russia does not have the combat nor the logistical capability to widen the conflict further. At this point, it is barely holding onto slivers of Ukrainian territory on the eastern edge of the country. Even the thought of attacking to the west, to seal off the border with Poland, is a pipe dream.

History has also been used to predict the operational contours of the Ukraine conflict. In particular, the fact that Russians turned most of the Grozny to rubble has been used to argue that Moscow will likely adopt a similar approach today in Ukraine. However, the differences between Ukraine today and Chechnya in 1999 are important. Chechnya was a small Russian territory with 1.3 million inhabitants; Ukraine is a sovereign nation with over 43 million people. Grozny had less than a fifth the number of residents and a third of the geographical area of Ukraines capital, Kyiv. As such, Russia in 1999 could easily surround Grozny and pummel it to the ground without any real fear of Chechen attacks against it. Not so with Kyiv.

Finally, history has been used to predict the duration of the conflict. The analogy commonly used here is the case of the Soviet Army in Afghanistan. In that war, the Soviet Army remained in Afghanistan for about a decade, while suffering at least 15,000 casualties. The argument is that Ukraine will become a similarly protracted conflict. But again, the differences between then and now, and the two invaded nations, are crucial: The Soviet deployment to Afghanistansome 115,000 troops at its peakwas still only 2.5 percent of the 4.5-million-man Soviet Army at that time. The casualties that Russia is suffering in Ukraine are orders of magnitude higher than in Afghanistan. It appears that Russia may have already lost 7,000 to 15,000 soldiers in just the first month. Moreover, military support given to Ukrainiansalready amounting to billions of dollars from 25 countriesis an order of magnitude more than what the United States gave to the Afghan mujahadeen in the early years of the Soviet campaign.

Historical analogies allow us to make sense of complex world events. They should not be seen as a playbook to divine the future. In fact, treating them as such can have the opposite effect: It can cause us to misread the present.

Gian Gentile is a senior historian and Raphael S. Cohen is a senior political scientist at the nonprofit, nonpartisan RAND Corporation

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The Agora to the Coliseum: A history of legendary Cleveland concert venues – cleveland.com

Posted: at 8:42 pm

CLEVELAND, Ohio You cant examine the history of the concert industry and its historic music venues without Northeast Ohio. After all, the first major rock and roll concert took place at Cleveland Arena 70 years ago.

The Moondog Coronation Ball, put on by Alan Free, Leo Mintz and others, helped usher in the rock and roll era on March 21, 1952. But it was just the start of Cleveland playing a major role in the genres evolution with a collection of legendary concert venues that played host to the greatest artists of all time during pivotal moments in their careers.

A free event at Music Box Supper Club in Clevelands Flats celebrates the areas lineage of premier concert halls, arenas and clubs. Backed by an all-star panel of historians, CLE Rocks Presents No Sleep Till Cleveland, will revisit the legacies of The Agora, Richfield Coliseum, Cleveland Stadium, Public Auditorium, Leos Casino, Musicarninval and more.

[Reserve your table for CLE Rocks Presents No Sleep Till Cleveland]

The event, hosted by cleveland.com life and culture reporter Troy L. Smith, will be recorded as an episode of the CLE Rocks podcast. Attendance is free. But you must reserve a table at the Music Boxs website.

The panel includes Deanna R. Adams, author of fiction and nonfiction works including Rock and Roll and the Cleveland Connection and Clevelands Rock and Roll Venues. Also on hand will be veteran TV and radio reporter Mike Olszewski, author of multiple books on Cleveland history including Smoky, Sweaty, Rowdy, and Loud: Tales of Clevelands Legendary Rock & Roll Landmarks, and Susan Csendes, a veteran box office manager and disc jockey who worked at The Agora, The Odeon and Tower City Amphitheatre during their heydays.

Together, the panel will discuss the impact of some of the most important moments in Cleveland music history, such as Bruce Springsteens famous 1978 Agora concert, Led Zeppelin performing at Musicarnival the same day as the Moon Landing, the glory days of Richfield Coliseum and more.

CLE Rocks Presents... No Sleep Till Cleveland is sponsored by Wonderstruck Music & Arts Festival, taking place July 9 and 10 at Lakeland Community College, featuring some of the best local, regional and national music artists in the world. Get your TICKETS today.

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The Grandest White House Weddings in History – Vogue

Posted: at 8:42 pm

Its official: there will soon be a wedding reception in the White House.

President Joe Biden and First Lady Jill Biden recently confirmed they will host a celebratory soire at 1600 Pennsylvania Avenue for their granddaughter, Naomi Biden, and her soon-to-be-husband Peter Neal, on November 19. "The first family, the couple, and their parents are still in the planning stages of all of the wedding festivities and look forward to announcing further details in the coming months," the East Wing communications director Elizabeth Alexander said.

Anything involving weddings qualifies as joyous news, but this one especially so: the American public hasnt had a presidential family member mark their marriage in Washington D.C. for around 15 years (Jenna Bush Hager, daughter of George W. Bush and Laura Bush, had a 600-person reception in June 2008). Yet, throughout history, many White House weddings have been held in the East Wing.

An illustration depicting Grover Cleveland's wedding in 1886.

In 1812, Lucy Payne Washington (sister of First Lady Dolley Madison) became the first person to wed at the then-called Presidential Mansion when she married Supreme Court Associate Justice Thomas Todd. Over the next several decades, the Monroe, Quincy Adams, Jackson, Tyler, and Grant administrations also held their fair share of ceremonies for their children and relatives. (The East Room has been repaired and decorated for the occasion, the New York Times wrote matter-of-factly about Nellie Grants marriage in May 1874. The number of invitations issued has been limited and will not exceed 300 in all.)

It was President Grover Cleveland himself, however, who had the buzziest White House wedding of the 19th century when he married Frances Folsom in the Blue Room in June 1886. The bride wore a dress of corded ivory satin, heavy enough to stand without a woman in it, according to the New York Timess full-page spread of the affair at the time. The gown was complete with a 15-foot train and orange-flower embroidery. Afterwards, they held a reception in a state dining room. The talk of the event was the floral centerpiece made to look like a ship, where scarlet blossoms and bits of coral stood for seals and rocks, and the banks were made of Jacqueminots, reported the Times.

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