Monthly Archives: August 2021

Meyer: Twilight of the Godless Universe – Discovery Institute

Posted: August 18, 2021 at 7:35 am

Image: Max Brckner (1836-1919), printed by Otto Henning (18..-19..)Restoration by Adam Cuerden, Public domain, via Wikimedia Commons.

There is something in the air and its not wildfire smoke anymore. Stephen Meyers argument for what he calls the God hypothesis is very of the moment. Jordan Peterson tweeted that he is reading Meyers new book, Return of the God Hypothesis, and finds that, Meyer makes the case very carefully. Its not often that I encounter a book that contains so much that I did not know From Peterson, that is some praise.

Meanwhile in an essay in the New York Times, columnist Ross Douthat significantly, perhaps, uses the phrase from the title of the book (while not referencing the book itself). He notes some confusionamong scientists:

Because their discipline advances by assuming that consistent laws rather than miracles explain most features of reality, they regard the process through which the universe gets explained and understood as perpetually diminishing the importance of the God hypothesis.

But the God hypothesis is constantlyvindicatedby the comprehensibility of the universe, and the capacity of our reason to unlock its many secrets.

Notwithstanding what some atheist scientists may say, the God hypothesis is constantlyvindicated and I am reading that in the New York Times of all places?

Meyer himself, in the Jerusalem Post, wrote a reflection on a great and recently deceased physicist and atheist, with an ironic reference to Wagner in the headline: Steven Weinberg and the twilight of the godless universe. Its ironic because Richard Wagners opera, Twilight of the Gods while ostensibly about ancient Norse deities and culminating in the destruction by fire of their home, Valhalla expressed his own modern ideology. The Gods were not Wotan and the rest but the traditional Western idea of a personal God. It was for that reason that historian Jacques Barzun titled his important 1941 book Darwin, Marx, Wagner, arguing that the three were heralds of the dominant scientism and mechanist materialism of the day. In his book, Meyer shows that the scientific atheism of Steven Weinberg and others has itself become outdated. Weinbergs death

marks the twilight of an increasingly dated view of the relationship between science and religion. Though Weinberg was a friend to the State of Israel, he was not sympathetic to Judaism or any theistic belief. Weinberg wrote many popular books about physics in which he often asserted that scientific advance had undermined belief in God and, consequently, any ultimate meaning for human existence. The First Three Minutes, his most popular book, published in 1977, famously concluded: the more the universe seems comprehensible, the more it seems pointless.

Weinbergs aggressive science-based atheism now seems an increasingly spent force.

Not all prominent media voices have received this news:

Scientific Americans tribute to Weinberg described how scientifically literate people need to learn to live in Steven Weinbergs pointless universe. Yet Weinbergs own research built upon, or helped to make, two key scientific discoveries the universe had a beginning and has been finely-tuned from the beginning that do not imply a purposeless cosmos. Arguably, they point, instead, to a purposeful creator behind it all.

But Meyer finds meaning in the fact that some prominent atheists the New New Atheists are changing their thinking:

Figures such as historian Tom Holland, social critic Douglas Murray, psychologist Jordan Peterson and social scientist Charles Murray now openly lament the loss of a religious mooring in culture, though they personally find themselves unable to believe. These New New Atheists, as distinct from the Old New Atheists, do not regard sciences alleged support for unbelief as one of its great achievements, as Weinberg described it.

Nevertheless, many such religious skeptics have yet to recognize the most important reason to reject science-based atheistic polemics: The most relevant scientific discoveries of the last century simply do not support atheism or materialism. Instead, they point in a decidedly different direction.

Read the rest at the Jerusalem Post. What is that different direction that Steve Meyer refers to? It looks less like a twilight and more like a dawn.

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Meyer: Twilight of the Godless Universe - Discovery Institute

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Orthobiologics Market to Grow by $ 2.02 bn at 7.01% CAGR during5 | Evolving Opportunities with Dominant Players including Medtronic Plc and Nuvasive…

Posted: at 7:34 am

NEW YORK, Aug. 13, 2021 /PRNewswire/ -- The orthobiologics market research report has been added to Technavio's catalog. The market is anticipated to witness healthy growth at a CAGR of 7.01%.Advanced Medical Solutions Group Plc (UK), Akcome Medical Holdings Co. Ltd. (China), Anika Therapeutics Inc. (US), Arthrex Inc. (US), Bioventus LLC (US), Globus Medical Inc. (US), Johnson and Johnson Inc. (US), Medtronic Plc (Ireland), Nuvasive Inc. (US), and Stryker Corp. (US)are some of the dominant players likely to contribute to the significant growth in the market.

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The orthobiologics market is driven by the increase in focus to reduce orthopedic surgeries and the increasing prevalence of orthopedic disorders coupled with an aging population. However, high costs and inadequate reimbursements for orthobiologics products and procedures can hamper the growth of the market during the next few years.

Read the 120-page report with TOC on "Orthobiologics Market Analysis Report by Product (Bone graft substitutes, Viscosupplementation, and Stem cells) and Geography (North America, Europe, Asia, and ROW) Forecasts,2021-2025":

https://www.technavio.com/report/report/orthobiologics-market-industry-analysis

Top Five Orthobiologics Companies:

Arthrex Inc.

The company is involved in new product development and medical education in orthopedics.The company offers orthobiologics such as ACP double-syringe system, Angel system, BioPatella OATS Instrument Set, and others.

Bioventus LLC

The company operates in key geographic segments including the US and International. The company offers orthobiologics such as EXOGEN Ultrasound Bone Healing System, StimRouter PNS neuromodulation system, and others.

Medtronic Plc

The company offer healthcare products and services while operating in key business segments including Cardiac and Vascular Group, Minimally Invasive Therapies Group, Restorative Therapies Group, and Diabetes Group.The company offers orthobiologics such as Infuse Bone Graft, Grafton DBF, Grafton demineralized bone matrix, and others.

Nuvasive Inc.

The company generates revenue from a single operating segment which includes the development of spinal hardware and surgical support products.The company offers orthobiologics such as Osteocel, Attrax, and Propel DBM.

Stryker Corp.

The company operates in the key business segments including Orthopaedics, MedSurg, Neurotechnology & Spine.The company offers orthobiologics such as AlloWrap DS, Demineralized Bone Matrix, ProChondrix CR, and others.

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Orthobiologics Market Product Outlook (Revenue, USD bn, 2020-2025)

Orthobiologics Market Geography Outlook (Revenue, USD bn, 2020-2025)

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Related Reports:

Orthopedic Implants Market by Product and Geography - Forecast and Analysis 2021-2025

Orthopedic 3D Printed Devices Market by Application and Geography - Forecast and Analysis 2021-2025

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Orthobiologics Market to Grow by $ 2.02 bn at 7.01% CAGR during5 | Evolving Opportunities with Dominant Players including Medtronic Plc and Nuvasive...

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How savvy risk retirement can keep medical devices from perishing in the "valley of death" – FierceBiotech

Posted: at 7:34 am

From drug delivery technology to brain-computer interfaces, revolutionary medical devices transform peoples lives in incredible ways. Today, the demand for new devices is greater than ever, thanks to the accelerated pace of medical technology innovation. Getting past the concept phase for many groundbreaking ideas requires risk management; however, inefficiency and inconsistency often impede forward momentum.

Taking a medical device from concept to reality is a lengthy and intensive process that requires rigorous research and testing and extensive trial and error. On average, it takes approximately 3-7 years to bring a medical device to the advanced formal design phase An increasing number of concepts are meeting their demise in the medical device valley of death, which is when a lack of funding prevents progress beyond early advance development and transition into the more costly formal design, verification and manufacturing phases necessary for regulatory submission, review and approval. Failure to properly evaluate and retire risk at each stage of the development process is a key reason this occurs.

The pitfalls of the valley of death are causing investors to shy away from medical technology projects, which is hampering the development of lifesaving innovations. Implementing and applying a clearly defined process for identifying and reducing potential risks throughout a project saves time and money and prevents potentially life-changing medical devices from getting stalled in the valley of death.

Effective Risk Identification and Retirement

Big opportunities often come hand in hand with big risks and that is especially true of medical devices, which directly impact peoples health and safety. The process of bringing them to market is inherently fraught with risks from technical engineering and financial risks to regulatory and market risks, and more. But finding ways to address, mitigate and manage issues and challenges along the way is a worthwhile endeavor that enables medical device makers to bring game-changing innovation to life.

A recent Greenlight Guru survey found that 33% of medical device professionals think risk management adds value but is not a strategic asset. Even more troubling is that 12% of respondents said risk management is viewed as a "checkbox" activity at their organization and only meets minimum requirements. The reality is that risk management should underpin every aspect of medical device development as the financial and safety implications are profound.

There are three ways to retire risk throughout the medical device development process. You can determine that a risk is minimal enough to safely proceed as it will be easily resolved at another stage. Alternatively, you can identify and implement mitigation activities that will eliminate the risk or reduce it to acceptable levels. You can also conclude that a risk is dire enough to stop a project from moving forward. Making go and no-go decisions at every stage of a medical device development project reduces uncertainties and drives momentum. A structured and repeatable framework for risk retirement decision making enables you to continuously and consistently identify risks and determine how to proceed.

The Biggest Risk Retirement Mistakes

Retiring risk is a complex process that requires a thoughtful, balanced and holistic approach. Designers often dont think broadly enough about what could go wrong, which is why its crucial to have an experienced risk analysis team make overarching assessments that factor in engineering, materials science, software development, cybersecurity, human factors and manufacturing. Another common mistake is not retiring enough risk during advance development, which can keep a concept from exiting the formal design and verification phase.

On the other end of the spectrum are companies that try to anticipate and resolve every potential risk too early on, which stymies progress and prevents concepts from entering the formal design phase. Careful assessment throughout a project can determine which risks are acceptable to carry forward and address later. An objective perspective and the ability to compromise are vital to effective risk retirement as adjustments will inevitably need to be made to the original idea. As alterations are made to address a given risk, its imperative to consider how other aspects of the device will be impacted by the changes, whether those impacts are acceptable, and if not, what modifications will be necessary.

A medical devices risk profile evolves with emerging information such as test results from prototypes, new regulatory requirements, new discoveries and changing market conditions. Its imperative to continually monitor and learn from insights and data. An established process for re-evaluating risk throughout the development cycle can help ensure all relevant factors are considered.

How a Risk Retirement Framework Can Help

Using a defined and comprehensive framework to guide the process can help prevent risk retirement mistakes from delaying and derailing medical device development. For example, my company, Battelle, has developed a constantly evolving and updated framework for risk analysis and retirement that is specifically designed to help medical device companies evaluate all potential risks not just technical issues at every stage, from start to finish.

We begin with a key performance indicator (KPI) chart for the medical device, which identifies the various risks, defines the level of danger and determines how risks will be addressed in the current stage of development. The adjustment of how a risk is mitigated at various stages is important. For example, if one is developing a new drug delivery device that must be accurate to within a fraction of a microliter, this would likely be a key performance indicator. In the final stretch of the project, this KPI will be demonstrated through the verification testing of actual devices but in the concept stage, it could be sufficiently retired with the thorough analytical model that demonstrates the concepts likelihood of providing sufficient accuracy. When risks are identified and deemed addressable at a later phase in order to keep a project moving forward, they are flagged for focused concept and engineering studies to identify solutions and mitigations before they can go on to the next stage.

Whether its connected drug delivery devices that improve patient safety or neurotechnology that empowers paralyzed patients to regain conscious control of their fingers, hand and wrist, breakthrough medical innovations make peoples lives better in impactful ways. Thats why its essential to prioritize risk management and retirement and employ a consistent framework that fosters the successful development of safe and effective medical device products.

Learn more about Battelles Risk Retirement Framework.

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How savvy risk retirement can keep medical devices from perishing in the "valley of death" - FierceBiotech

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Brain Implants Will Arrive Sooner Than You Think. What Does That Mean, Exactly? – Built In

Posted: at 7:34 am

Picture this: Its June 11, 2046and a young designer, Vance, wakes up and puts on an earpiece called Eva. The device, a brain-computer interface (BCI) of the future, decodes neural signals in his brain. Using only his thoughts, he asks the device to report his daily notificationsand 13 new thought messages appear on his phone.

Later, at work, a barrage of notifications are announced through the earpiece until he asks all except phone calls and messages to be silenced until 11:30 a.m. Using his mind to operate an imagined desktop application called Neural Sculptor, he designs a three-dimensional animated figure, mentally narrating the creation of the eyes, ears, hair, mouth and beard.

Back at home, with Evas voice as a guide, he cooks ratatouille and makes plans with a friend. Before signing off for the evening, he reads part of a book and silently asks Eva to save inspirational passages. She tells him, Based on your serotonin levels, the most impactful quote was, You cant wait for inspiration, you have to go after it with a club.

This scenario is pure fantasy, of course a speculative YouTube video about the future of BCIs created by the product design studio Card79. But Afshin Mehin, design director at the company, which has worked on everything from the industrial design of implantable brain-computer interfaces for Elon Musks Neuralink to futuristic wearable tech for companies like Lululemon, said its a future thats starting to come into focus.

I think the implications are super broad and expansive at this point because we have a lot of imagination about what BCIs could do, Mehin said. And I think this is a fun time to imagine whats possible.

If Mehins predictions come true, as the uses of brain-computer interfacesprogressfrom highly regulated clinical and experimental research trials for people with neuromuscular conditions such as spinal cord injuries, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), cerebral palsy and brain stem stroke to public health and consumer applications, UX and UI designers will play an important role in imagining their potential uses and ethical implications.

And indeed, the results of recent research demonstrations are impressive. Last month, a team at the University of California, San Francisco (UCSF), led by neurosurgeon Edward Chang, used a high-density electrode array to decode words from brain activity. As reported in a study published in the New England Journal of Medicine, the trials first participant was a 36-year-old man who experienced a stroke that left him unable to form intelligible words. With an electrode array surgically implanted in his sensorimotor cortex, an area of the brain involved in tactileperception and the planning and execution of physical movement, the man was able to form words on a computer screen at a rate of roughly 15 words per minute.

I think the implications are super broad and expansive at this point because we have a lot of imagination about what BCIs could do.

While BCIs take many forms and target different brain regions, the subdural implant Changs team used maps groups of neurons linked to muscle movements in the vocal tract. The researchers asked the participant, dubbed Bravo-1, to imagine saying 50 common words, each almost 10,000 times, according to a report in MIT Technology Review.

By training a deep learning model to detect and classify words by neural signals, the researchers could correctly identify Bravo-1s words with 47 percent accuracy. When they fed his sentences through a natural language model that predicts the probability of word sequences from their syntax and usage think auto-correct and auto-complete the accuracy rate jumped to 75 percent.

Still, for as much promise as BCIs hold for enhancing communication in people with severe paralysis, there are plenty of kinks to be worked out.

In the UCSF study, the systems performance is restricted to a highly limited vocabulary range, nowhere near the more than 170, 000 words in the English language. Plus, it took 22 hours of brain recordings in 48 sessions to produce.

I dont want to downplay it by calling it a baby step, Dean Krusienski, a professor of biomedical engineering at Virginia Commonwealth University who has spent decades studying BCIs, said. Its a very major advance, but theres still a long way to go to achieve more natural verbal communication.

More on the Future of UX DesignCould Virtual Reality Be a Remedy for Pain?

For Facebook, which helped fund the project led by Chang, the study apparently failed to provide compelling evidence to move forward with a separate but related project:anAR/VR headset that would let users send text messages by thought dictation. In a blog post where the company expressed its goal in funding the research to determine whether a silent interface capable of typing 100 words per minute is possible, and if so, what neural signals are required itannounced it wasdiscontinuing prototype development of the headset in favor of a wrist-based product with a more conceivable path to market.

The bigger setback for Facebook, though, may be that an optical headset of the type the company envisioned for consumer use is far different than a prosthetic surgically inserted inside the brain.

Its still like listening to the stadium a block away, Cynthia Chestek, an associateprofessor who researches brain-machine interfaces at the University of Michigan, said of the former. You can tell somethings happening, but you wouldnt attempt to overhear a conversation.

When neurons fire, she explained, they create a puff of voltage. The closer a device is to the neurons, the better the data. Yet, the signal falls off [in a ratio of] one over the distance, which is a super, super steep fall off, Chestek said. The reason you can record anything at all from outside of the head is because lots of things are happening at the same time.

So what can you measure externally?

For example, from outside the scalp you can determine what side of the brain a seizure is on or tell what sleep cycle somebody is in, Chestek said.

These deductions can be instructive, but theyre a far cry from deciphering signals from individual neurons to help people type telepathically at 100 words per minute.

Its still like listening to the stadium a block away. You can tell somethings happening, but you wouldnt attempt to overhear a conversation.

On the other hand, brain implants are unlikely to take hold as a consumer option in the near future due to U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) regulations and the surgical risks involved. Invasive procedures like electrocorticography, as reported in theMcGill Daily, usually involve the implantation of electrodes epidurally (under the skin), subdurally (under the scalp) or intracortically (recording within the cerebral cortex). These risks, the report notes, include infections, hemorrhage, tissue damage, personality changes and immune reactions that diminish the devices effectiveness.

Still, for neuroscientists developing BCIs and testing their potential to restore communication and mobility in people who have lost bodily movement due to paralysis or neurodegenerative disease, the field is full of promise.

A lot of really exciting stuff is happening, Chestek said. People are finding ways of recording or stimulating thousands of individual neurons. People are also figuring out how to create electrodes that are smaller than neurons so they can go into the nerves and not do damage. So everybodys excited.

As an illustration of whats possible, Krusienski pointed me to a 2012 video of Jan Scheuermann, a woman with quadriplegia, who used her mind, assisted by an implanted BCI, to control a robotic arm to raise a chocolate bar to her mouth and take a bite.

One small nibble for a woman. One giant bite for BCIs, Scheuermann said.

And after that breakthrough and similar demonstrations at universities across the country, the field has continued to advance with roughly 30 people implanted to date. Just last year, Chestek and her colleagues trained electrode-implanted monkeys to telepathically operate distinct digits of their hands a potential pathway to use BCIs to animate individuated finger movements in people with artificial hands.

Developments such as these are encouraging to Mehin. As part of San Francisco Design Week, he premiered Card79s Day in the Mind video as part of a panel discussion about the future UX of BCIs. Speaking to me by phone after the event, he said one possibility is that a BCI could serve as a home assistant that lives in the brain, giving people the capacity to do things they already do like order food or compose a memo faster and with a greater degree of privacy.

The other obvious superpower is that youre able to access data that you dont, literally, have to hold inside your head. And I think thats the one people get excited about, he said. Assuming the bandwidth is high enough, its easy to start to imagine querieslike, Whats the capital of Angola? What was our revenue last quarter? Things you can easily get back in a qualitativeway.

Mehin admits these scenarios are somewhat far off, especially if they are to be achieved non-invasively, as Facebook had imagined. But advances in machine learning applications with narrow intelligence could accelerate development. The scenario presented in the Day in the Mind video, for example when Vance mentally constructs a cartoon head was inspired by an existing Figma plug-in, GPT-3, that can create layout templates for scrollable windows, buttons and profile pictures by making inferences about a users intentions from common patterns associated with their text commands.

Assuming the bandwidth is high enough, its easy to start to imagine queries, like, Whats the capital of Angola? What was our revenue last quarter? Things you can easily get back in a qualitativeway.

Machine learning will start to pick up on your specific neural fingerprint and then be able to accommodate it, Mehin said. Its got to get faster, deciphering the nuances of how a version of a word sounds in your brain versus someone elses.

The first consumer products will likely be much less sophisticated, something resembling the flagship product of the Montreal-based company eno: noise-canceling headphones designed to improve concentration by using electroencephalography (EEGs) to track electrical brain activity. In 2016, Card79 worked on the desktop UX of the companys website, and from 2016 to 2018, they collaborated with a London-based company, Kokoon, on the design of headphones purported to enable better sleep.

The products work in much the same way: data from EEGs is fed into algorithms that infer usersmental states and generate complementary soundscapes either to sustain focus, in enos case, or to help people sleep more restfully, as Kokoon maintains its product can do.

But Chestek and Krusienski remain skeptical of the capabilities of such devices.

EEGs may be fun for video games, but even for that, it may or may not work, Chestek said. You have to do something like use the Force. Train hard enough, right? Its not nothing, but youre never going to use [EEGs] to drive a car, she said.

Yet even if the data these devices generate is relatively crude, it could present an immediate, low-risk opportunity for software companies to pursue BCI development. That UX is even part of the conversation surrounding BCIs suggests they are moving closer to reality.

Like any user experience, Mehin said, Youre going to try and create value up front and say, Okay, right out of the gate, we can get you to, say, press that cursor without having to move your armor mentally turn on a light something that gets [people] to understand how the system works and appreciate its value, even if it might not be that powerful.

More on UX Design and Machine Learning The Era of Cookie-Cutter Web Design Is Ending

Meanwhile, the design of BCIs continues to improve. Early brain implants,such as the Utah intracortical electrodearray built by Salt Lake City-based Blackrock Neurotech, Chestek told me, were limited in the strength of the neural signals they could detect. The 20 mm-wide, razor-thin chips contained about 100 metal electrode filaments sprouting from a silicon base. BrainGate, a multi-institutional U.S. research collaborative, used them in the first clinical tests of BCIs in people withparalysis andneurodegenerative diseases.

While the Utah arraycontinues to perform well, Chestek said, newer implants being developed by software companies like Neuralink contain thousands of electrodes, meaning they can sample from larger collections of the brains roughly 85 billion neurons.

Each neuron individually doesnt tell us much, Krusienski explained. We need to know whats happening in groups of neurons and interconnected networks of neurons to really decode high-level function in the brain.

The performance has gone up, Chestek said.[Even with] the original 100-channel sensor, we are much better at interpreting the signals. If somebody ever hands us 1,000 channels like Neuralink is trying to do, its going to get better by leaps and bounds.

Shrinking the size of implants is another promising area of experimental research, which could make electrocorticography surgery less invasive by minimizing the risk of damage to vascular tissue.

Each neuron individually doesnt tell us much. We need to know whats happening in groups of neurons and interconnected networks of neurons to really decode high-level function in the brain.

Theres a movement within neurotech of building smaller and smaller electric devices, Matt Angle, CEO of Paradromics, an Austin-based neurotech company, said. The brain is a network of blood vessels, almost like a loosely woven blanket. If the device is small enough under 50 micronsor about the size of a cross-section of a human hair, he told me it can be inserted in the gaps between these blood vessels with less risk of damage to surrounding brain tissue.

Moreover, recent findings in medical journals, such as those reviewed in a paper Krusienski and his colleagues published in Frontiers of Human Neuroscience, have shown the potential of inserting electrodes into deeper brain structures through stereotactic guidance in essence, inserting electrodes through a small hole drilled in the skull. This technique appears to yield less trauma and better outcomes than electrocorticogramimplants, and also has the potential to reach new brain regions.

Angle is one of the people keenly interested the technologys development. His company is developing an ultra-thin, wireless BCI implant featuring four, 400-electrode modules for clinical use in patients with severe paralysis. The device, scheduled for completion by the end of the year, will be tested on sheep in early 2022, he told me, with the hope of securing FDA approval for testing in humans thereafter. In the meantime, the company unveiled what its calling the largest ever electrical recording of cortical activity, from over 30,000 electrode channels in sheep cortex.

If high-bandwidth, bi-directional devices like the ones being developed by Neuralink and Paradromics become commercially accessible, Angle said, they could provide new avenues to treat medical conditions that purely biological approaches cannot yet address. In effect, these BCIs become modems for the brain, connecting cortical structures to computers that circumvent traditional signal pathways to trigger sensory and motor responses.

Were really, really far from being able to regrow a retina or reattach an eye to the brain, Angle said. But were at a point now where we can put visual data into the visual cortex [to recreate image sensation]. Were really far away from being able to repair a spinal cord and allow a person whos quadriplegic to walk. But what we can do, right now, is put devices in the motor cortex of a patient whos paralyzed and allow them to use the signals in their motor cortex to control a mouse on a screen, to type, even, we think, to produce speech.

A Los Angeles company called Second Sight might offer a glimpse of what lies ahead. It gained approval by the FDA for the treatment of the degenerative eye disease retinitis pigmentosa with a retinal implant called Argus II. The 60-electrode device, Angle said, is being used to reconstruct a low-pixel visual display for people who experience decreased vision in low light or have limited peripheral vision. The device has been implanted in more than 350 people, according to the companys website.

All this raises some important ethical questions. Assuming BCIs can be installed safely, who will have access to these devices? Could having neural superpowers divide society into different classes? And crucially, how will users privacy be protected once their brains become quasi-data streams?

Ario Jafarzadeh, head of player experience design at Roblox,speaking to me after a panel discussion on BCIs at San Francisco Design Week where he was a guest, said that while touching on many topics, the conversation centered on the role UX designers could have in shaping BCI development.

What resonated with me, if [brain-computer interfaces] are inevitable,and we know about Black Mirror scenarios at least three episodes of the show involved BCIs it behooves the design community to get ahead of it and have this be a force of good in the world and not a dystopia, he said.

If commercial BCIs take hold, Mehin sees UX designers becoming de facto ethicists who sit between the interests of product marketing teams who wish to collect user data and consumers who wish to keep their thoughts to themselves.

What resonated with me, if [brain-computer interfaces] are inevitable ...it behooves the design community to get ahead of it and have this be a force of good in the world and not a dystopia.

In much the same way regulations in the European Union governing cookies under the General Data Protection Regulation and ePrivacy Directive required designers to surface messages letting users know how their data was being tracked, government mandates will likely dictate theprotections designers are required to build into their systems.

High visibility displays of a BCIs on or off status are one way designers might begin to build consumer trust. The speculative BCI operating system in the Day in the Mind video, for instance,would require the user to swipe up on an auxiliary phone screen display to connect to the earpiece through an encrypted neural connection. Giving the system access to onesthoughts, in other words, would necessitate a high degree of intentionality.

It shouldnt be like Chrome for your brain, Mehin said. There should be this entire level of protection thats giving you the sense that things are actually not that easy to access.

Easily accessible permissions settings could offer another layer of protection.

In the video, theres a point where the main character says, Eva, turn off all notifications until 11:30 am. And that level of control has to be built into the experience so someone, as soon as they feel overwhelmed, can either shut off the device or tune it down, Mehin said.

But to have a real impact, BCIs will need to be psychologically safe for users who dont change the default settings at all.

In the book Nudge: Improving Decisions About Health, Wealth, and Happiness, authors Richard Thaler and Cass Sunstein suggest default settings often dictate what people want. Facebook Portal, a video calling device that keepsthe microphone and camera turned off by default, acknowledges users desire for privacy, and BCIs, presumably, could be similarly gated toprevent involuntary oversharing. But consenting to show your face on camera or share your views verbally is obviously much different than letting a device mine your thoughts.

Whats more, the impact on those who dont wish to use BCIs would need to be considered. Just imagine how it might work in the context of online datingif one person has a BCI and the other doesnt.

How would you initially meet someone? Mehin asked. How would you flirt with them? At what point would you invite them into your thoughts? What would dating look like if youre not having a good date? Would you just kind of start chatting with friends in your head?

And thats only the tip of the iceberg.

Elon Musk is talking about other things like psychotherapies orpsychiatric disorders, Krusienski said. Pretty much, any neurological disorder, hes claiming theres a possibility to do this with [Neuralinks] technologyor brain-computer interface technology, in general.

If theoretically feasible, thats a long way off. Before broaching the ethical dilemmas inherent in using BCIs to manage social interactions or lay the foundation for mind-altering psychiatric treatments, Mehinbelieves UX and UI designers may be implored to address a more fundamental question: Whose needs do BCIs best serve?

To that question, Anglehas a clear answer.

Especially with respect to implants, I think we should be thinking about what we can deliver to people with severe disabilities. And, I think, people in theUI/UX domaincould have a huge impact, moving into assistive communication, Angle said. We want to build things that are seamless, or natural, for patients to use. And thats a skill set you dont necessarily find in the person whos doing the signal processing or the person who did their Ph.D. in the motor cortex. Its a skill set of people that dont normally think about neurotechnology, but should.

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Brain Implants Will Arrive Sooner Than You Think. What Does That Mean, Exactly? - Built In

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Astronauts Alarmed by Huge Fires on Surface of Earth – Futurism

Posted: at 7:33 am

"We've been very saddened to see fires over huge sections of the Earth, not just the United States."Earth in Flames

Its no secret that our planet is literallyand figurativelyon fire right now.

In fact, some wildfires are so large that they can now easily spotted from space an unfortunate perspective of what may be our impending doom.

During a recent call with Insider, NASA astronaut Megan McArthur described the grim experience of being stationed on board the International Space Station while the Earth is in turmoil below.

Weve been very saddened to see fires over huge sections of the Earth, not just the United States, McArthur told the outlet.

She also took the opportunity to call for action.

Over many years, scientists around the world have been sounding this alarm bell, she told Insider. This is a warning for the entire global community. Its going to take the entire global community to face this and to work through these challenges.

Satellite images show huge regions across the entire planet engulfed in clouds of smoke of astronomical proportions, from Siberia, Greece, and Spain all the way to the Pacific Northwest.

Turkey has been hit particularly badly this year, as evidenced invideos of vacationers clearing beaches as the fires are raging in the background.

Some, like the Bootleg Fire in Southern Oregon, are so huge that theyre creating their own freak weather patterns. The US is even struggling to recruit enough firefighters.

Last week, the UNs Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) released a shocking report declaring code red for humanity.

Seeing that demise from several hundred miles floating above the Earths surface must be shocking, to say the least.

READ MORE: Astronauts say theyre saddened to watch the climate crisis from the space station: We can see all of those effects from up here [Insider]

More on wildfire: There Are So Many Wildfires That the US Cant Find Enough Firefighters

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Elon Musk Says SpaceX Will "Probably" Land Humans on Moon Before 2024 – Futurism

Posted: at 7:33 am

But there are a few hurdles the company has to get over first. Sooner Rather Than Later

SpaceX founder Elon Musk hinted that Starship will likely be ready to land astronauts on the Moon before the projected 2024 launch date.

Musk was responding to a tweet on Saturday asking the Tesla CEO whether the super heavy-lift launch vehicle will be ready to bring astronauts to the lunar surface by 2024 to which he responded, Probably sooner.

Of course, this might just be more of that classic Elon braggadocio weve all come to loathe and love especially if you take into account the fact that SpaceX has a less-than-stellar history of hitting deadlines for missions and launches.

Theres also the fact that Artemis is going to be an intensely challenging mission that might require anywhere from eight to 16 launches to fuel up for a single trip to the Moon. On top of all this, NASAs own inspector general recently released a report saying that a lunar landing in 2024 is not feasible due to delays in spacesuit development.

But there are signs that things are pretty much on track. For one, SpaceX recently mounted Starship atop the Super Heavy booster creating the largest rocket ever. Now theyre just waiting for an environmental review from the FAA before their first orbital test launch. That means theres a good chance that Starship might go to orbit in the fall.

Plus, NASA recently made a hefty $300 million payment to SpaceX for the projected $3 billion project, reports Fox Business. So at the very least the agency still has full confidence that Musks company can get the job done.

Regardless, its best to take projected launch dates for big hairy complex missions like Artemis with a grain of salt. The mission will eventually get done and its best not to rush things even if you want to dunk on Blue Origin (looking at you, Elon).

READ MORE: SpaceX boss Elon Musk says Starship will land humans on moon probably sooner than 2024 [Fox Business]

More on Musk: Elon Musk: Each Starship Could Travel to Mars a Dozen Times

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July Was Officially the Hottest Month in Recorded History – Futurism

Posted: at 7:33 am

In this case, first place is the worst place to be.Disturbing and Disruptive

Wondering why your hot vax summer was the wrong kind of hot? Its not just you. In fact, July was the hottest month in recorded history.

The National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) said on Friday that July 2021 was Earths hottest month in 142 years, according to The Washington Post. The land and ocean-surface temperature for the month hit 1.67 degrees Fahrenheit more than the 20th century average a rise driven primarily by climate change.

In this case, first place is the worst place to be, said Rick Spinrad, administrator for the NOAA, in a statement. This new record adds to the disturbing and disruptive path that climate change has set for the globe.

Heat waves stretched across much of the world last month breaking record highs in several countries.

Japan broke their record high temperature during the Olympic games. Meanwhile, the heat had a particularly devastating impact on Turkey, which also dealt with hellish wildfires that have driven an evacuation crisis in the region.

The US has seen fires ravaging the West that have had an outsized impact on the entire country. In fact, smoke from fires in Oregon and California have been seen in places as far as New York City.

This announcement coming on the heels of the damning UN climate change report is yet another major red flag that major disasters driven by man made climate change are here and its only going to get worse unless we do something major about it.

READ MORE: July 2021 was Earths hottest month ever recorded, NOAA finds [The Washington Post]

More on climate change: UN Says Its Code Red for Humanity in Alarming Climate Change Report

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Chicagos Air Credits are still having a ball with their dystopian visions – Chicago Reader

Posted: at 7:33 am

Few pop acts are quite as prepared to engage with climate change as Chicagos Air Credits. Since 2016, rapper ShowYouSuck (aka Clinton Sandifer) and producer Steve Reidell (half of the Hood Internet) have turned dystopian nightmares into strangely joyful songs. Theres catharsis to be found in these missives from a future where oxygen is a scarce commodity, since so many of us (but hardly enough of us) grapple with the reality of escalating global climate changehumans are wreaking havoc on the planet, pushing us closer to Air Credits bleak visions. The duos new Believe That Youre Here (Wasteland Radio New Archives) couches its moody futurism in concerns we already have today. On the tense, brittle Party Outside, for instance, Show raps about the tightening grip of the surveillance state, and if youve ever felt anxious about something youve posted online, itll hit you square in the chest. The album aint all doom and gloom, though: the dreamlike Time/Space coasts on slow-moving synths and kindly vocals from Show and Lili K. The future might look grim, but if more musicians take inspiration from the imaginative work of Air Credits, the present could get a little better.

Believe That Youre Here is available at Bandcamp. The band performs on the first day of the three-day Glenwood Avenue Arts Fest; A Queer Pride and friends and Environmental Encroachment open. Fri 8/20, music starts at 6 PM (Air Credits perform at 8:15 PM), outdoors on the 1400 block of W. Morse at Glenwood, free, all ages.

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Scientists Warn That More Electronics May Result in More Lead Poisoning – Futurism

Posted: at 7:33 am

A team of researchers at the Hebrew University of Jerusalem (HU) have found a link between the rates of metal production and toxic lead exposure in humans over thousands of years.

The team examined human remains from a burial ground in central Italy that had been in continuous use for about 12,000 years. As production of lead worldwide started spiking, the rate at which it was absorbed by the bodies of people over time increased as well, suggesting humans have been breathing the dangerous substance for thousands of years.

This documentation of lead pollution throughout human history indicates that, remarkably, much of the estimated dynamics in lead production is replicated in human exposure, said Yigal Erel, professor at HUs Institute of Earth Sciences and lead author of the study published this week in the journal Environmental Science and Technology, in a statement. Thus, lead pollution in humans has closely followed their rates of lead production.

Simply put: the more lead we produce, the more people are likely to be absorbing it into their bodies, he explained. This has a highly toxic effect.

According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, exposure to high levels of lead can cause anemia, weakness, and brain damage. In the worst cases, high lead exposure can lead to death.

Lead can make its way into our bodies through our diet and even air pollution.

The researchers are also warning that thanks to modern societys obsession with electronics, lead manufacturing is likely to increase, an early warning sign.

The team analyzed bone fragments from 130 people who lived in Rome from 12,000 years ago until the 17th century and were able to calculate the amount of lead pollution over time.

The effects on our health could be disastrous. Erel warned that without proper regulation we will continue to experience the damaging health impacts of toxic metals contamination, especially as the manufacturing of electronic devices grows worldwide.

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Audi Electric Car Concept Changes Entire Shape at the Touch of a Button – Futurism

Posted: at 7:33 am

Autobots, roll out!Skysphere

German automaker Audis latest skysphere concept can transform itself from a two-seater sports car into a self-driving living room on wheels a transformation that causes the entire vehicle to shrink by almost ten inches.

The roadster which, to be clear, doesnt exist yet beyond some striking renders makes no compromises. Audi is attempting to envision a driverless future in which the passenger still has the option of taking control if they feel like it.

The concepts Sports mode is what youd expect from a contemporary electric sports car a sleek roadster with plenty of oomph. But once a special button is pressed, the roadster extends by 25 centimeters to enter Grand Touring driving mode. Both the steering wheel and pedals swivel into an invisible position and thereby completely removed from the interior, according to a press release.

The result: a platform all about freedom and relaxation, according to Audi, allowing passengers to interact with the Internet (read: watch Netflix).

The concept also packs a total of 465 kilowatts of power, allowing it to accelerate from 0 to 62 mph in just four seconds. It has a theoretical range of over 311 miles.

Its a gorgeous design, worthy of a future where we have the choice between ripping down a country road while gripping the steering wheel or catching up with the latest TV shows during a particularly boring morning commute.

The key challenge? Engineers will need to build self-driving cars that can actually drive themselves first.

READ MORE: This electric Audi skysphere roadster concept is a Transformer [Top Gear]

More on Audi: Audis New Headlights Can Project Images Like a Movie Theater

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