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Monthly Archives: June 2021
UK removes quarantine requirement for arrivals from Balearics, Malta and some Caribbean islands as it happened – The Guardian
Posted: June 27, 2021 at 3:51 am
Here is some reaction to the changes to the UKs green list from our transport correspondent, Gwyn Topham.
The Balearic islands accounted for more than 8% of UK flights to EU countries in the last pre-Covid summer of 2019, when almost 1,000 flights a week would depart from the UK, according to data from analysts Cirium.
Next week just 214 are scheduled to fly from the UK to the islands, mainly from Jet 2 and Ryanair, with 32 to Malta and 19 to Madeira, although the number of flights is expected to rise rapidly. EasyJet said it would be adding more services to the Balearics to meet an anticipated surge in demand.
Virgin Atlantic welcomed the addition of Caribbean destinations to the green list but said the announcement did not go far enough. Shai Weiss, chief executive, said: The governments own evidence shows that the US is low risk and should be added to the green list now. Whilst the transatlantic corridor is closed, 23m in economic value each day is restricted.
He called for quarantine to be removed for fully vaccinated passengers from amber countries in time for the domestic reopening on 19 July.
The Business Travel Association described the updated green list as bitterly disappointing, saying the lack of major economies on the list was cutting off British business. The Unite union said that the small changes showed that the system was not fit for purpose, and reiterated calls for help for the beleaguered travel and aviation sector.
A spokesman said: Asking an entire industry to hold its breath every three weeks to see where countries will be placed on the traffic light system prevents sensible planning decisions being made.
The Airport Operators Association said any extension of the green list was welcome, but this is not yet the meaningful restart the aviation industry needs to be able to recover from the pandemic.
The chair of the transport select committee, Huw Merriman, who had slammed the shambolic traffic light system earlier this week, said the changes were a move in the right direction but that travel to the more than 150 countries on the amber list was still unnecessarily difficult.
He said the government should admit going abroad is safe for those who have had both jabs in time for the start of the July summer holidays.
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Live From Windstar Star Breeze: A Cruise to Nowhere in the Caribbean – Cruise Critic
Posted: at 3:51 am
(4 p.m. EDT) -- The newly stretched all-suite 312-passenger Star Breeze left St. Maarten on Saturday, June 19 on its inaugural sailing with 80 fully
vaccinated guests, but it was not quite the brave new post-pandemic cruise world that Windstar had hoped.
The original idea was a bubble cruise, visiting the British Virgin Islands, where Windstar passengers could do such shore excursions as visiting "The Rocks" caves, hanging out on beaches, driving their own Zodiac and attending a ship-sponsored beach BBQ, no independent touring allowed. St. Barths and Anguilla were both on the itinerary too.
But with few vaccinated among the 177 crew onboard, plans changed. Everyone has been wearing masks except when eating and drinking, at the spa or gym -- or away from others on deck. We sailed south passing Monserrat and St. Kitts and Nevis. Then it was back to St. Maarten.
Most of our views have come from being anchored in Simpson Bay, near the airport, with nowhere to go.
With some of these startup post-pandemic cruises, there are hiccups and unknowns.
In this case, the crew -- unable to get vaccines in Indonesia, the Philippines, eastern Europe and other home countries -- arrived at the Palermo shipyard, where the Star Breeze was overhauled, without having been vaccinated. Ten other crew arrived in St. Maarten with the same issue, including the Slovenian hotel director.
Windstar was not able to secure shots in Italy, nor in St. Maarten. It was a perfect storm of "no" from authorities says Chris Prelog, the line's president.
Islands turned the ship away. The B.V.I. and Anguilla said no. St. Barths, which has not welcomed a cruise ship since the pandemic, waffled back and forth.
On Monday, two days into the voyage, the cruise line confirmed it was able to secure Johnson & Johnson vaccines for crew in San Juan, where Star Breeze will head next week without passengers Windstar has cancelled the next two sailings and plans to resume service on Star Breeze from St. Maarten on July 10. Guests on the cancelled sailings will receive a refund or a 125 percent future cruise credit.
Prior to the current sailing, Windstar contacted the 90-something guests booked (including a media group) to warn that this sailing might not follow the lines printed itinerary. Passengers who agreed to to fly to St. Maarten anyway were offered a free cruise. Less than a dozen guests demurred.
Still, onboard this week, the guests on their free sailing expressed surprise in learning that fewer than 20 percent of the crew had received vaccines and that no port calls had been secured.
David Hakimian, 58, an oncologist from the Chicago area, was looking forward to beach time. I just wanted to get away and relax, he said. I am a physician and have been working through the whole pandemic. I figured it was safe to be on a cruise deck.
He added he was stunned to get onboard and learn the majority of crew had not been vaccinated. Though with the safety protocols in place, he was not concerned.
Go with the flow turned into frustration. There were audible groans every time the Captain announced that it was unclear whether St. Barths would allow us ashore. On Tuesday afternoon, the announcement was that the ship would just keep hanging out around St. Maarten, with plans to dock in Philipsburg on both Wednesday and Thursday night.
There, passengers will have the opportunity to book shore excursions to do the Flying Dutchman zipline or a rum tasting or catamaran and snorkel tour and at least get off the ship. No independent touring is allowed though you can book a private car with guide for $525.
Its a beautiful place to be on vacation no matter where we are going but it would be nice to land somewhere, said Anna Gillon, 61, from Atlanta, before the docking announcementt. She added that she and her husband, David, did at least have a new experience on the ship acupuncture at the spa.
The ships watersports platform was open for a second day on Tuesday, so those looking to swim (the water has been too rough for paddle boarding and kayaking) can at least dip in the sea and lounge on floating mats, planes from St. Maarten's famed airport flying overhead.
Prelog said the original itineraries including the B.V.I., Anguilla and St. Barths should be in place once the crew is 100 percent vaccinated. The last weekly sailing in the region embarks on July 31.
Windstars health protocols for all their ship startups Wind Star also returned to sea in Greece last weekend and Wind Spirit will cruise in Tahiti beginning on July 15, with both of these ships fully vaxxed involve all crew and guests wearing masks and serious social distancing, for the foreseeable future.
Tables for four are blocked off for three making it difficult to dine with another couple unless you can find a table for six, on a ship where anytime, open-seating dining is a highlight. Guests had to remember to put on a mask every time they left their cabins.
Luggage is sanitized on the outside before coming onboard. Suite amenities now include a packet of masks and the guest services and shore excursion crew now sit behind a glass barrier.
The crew is great at service, smiling with their eyes at least, and remembering everyones favorite drinks and how they like their eggs at breakfast. But without vaccines, there have been odd moments such as where they back away from guests who get too close.
Onboard, theres at times that awful suspicious feeling weve all gotten when someone sneezes or coughs highlighted because we know most people onboard are not vaccinated.
To make sure there is no COVID-19 brought onboard, all guests received a nasal swab antigen test before boarding, and there was another test Tuesday so that we can get cleared to tour in St. Maarten later in the week. A third test will be administered before we disembark. Crew was tested before the cruise and are also being tested this week.
All this begs the question, why did Star Breeze set sail this week in the first place?
The ship has been ready to sail since October 2020, following a renovation that included cutting the ship in half and adding a new 84-foot midsection. Fifty new suites were added, the deck completely redone with a stunning new raised pool accessible from two decks added. Excellent new dining venues such as Quadro 44 by Anthony Sasso were ready to go.
With its sleek reimagined hull, the ship was ready to make its debut.
We thought about canceling but we wanted to show off the ship, said Prelog. I am joyful, excited, really proud of what the team has been able to achieve.
But the need to cruise goes deeper than that. Crew, many of whom have been bubbled on the Star Breeze for two months, without any shore leave, and all of whom have not seen guests for more than a year, were ready to get back to business.
Hotel director Milton Ceklic said it all in kicking off Windstars signature on-deck BBQ. I have been waiting two years to do this! he exclaimed.
After filling up on grilled lobsters and steaks at the BBQ, guests danced late into the evening around the newly expanded deck, while a live band played popular 1970s and 1980s dance tunes.
Anna, traveling with her husband, David, was delighted with the casual and nice atmosphere and the Star Breeze redo. The interior design of the suites is gorgeous, she said, noting she especially appreciated the added French balconies. I love the scale of the ship, and the overall ambience.
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Reopening the Caribbean – Cayman Compass
Posted: at 3:51 am
As Cayman is waiting a few more weeks for the release of its border reopening plan, other travel-dependent islands are moving at different speeds to restart their tourism industries.
Last week, the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention lowered the COVID travel advisory risk classifications of several Caribbean countries to Level 1 the lowest risk rating.
The CDC still recommends that travellers are fully vaccinated if they travel to any of these locations, including Anguilla, Antigua, the British Virgin Islands, Grenada, St. Barts, Saint Kitts and Nevis or the Turks and Caicos Islands.
Montserrat and Cayman are also considered low risk on the CDC scale, but their borders are not yet open to tourists.
Barbados and Bermuda are classed as Level 2 (moderate risk) and the Bahamas is at Level 3 (high risk) meaning that unvaccinated travellers should avoid non-essential travel to these destinations.
Given that the majority of Caribbean islands are believed to represent moderate or high COVID-related risks, the entry requirements vary widely. Even the low-risk destinations follow different approaches in their travel restrictions.
St. Kitts and Nevis, for instance, only allows vaccinated travellers. Any tourists who enter the country have to stay in one of seven approved hotels for nine days when they are tested for COVID-19. Only then are they allowed to move freely, rent a car or participate in tours. Families with children have to stay in their accommodation for 14 days.
Anguilla, on the other hand, will not allow any unvaccinated travellers after 1 July, but has no quarantine requirements.
St. Barts was the only other Caribbean destination that required visitors to be fully vaccinated but changed its regulations on 21 June. Unvaccinated travellers now have to self-isolate for seven days. Self-isolation means that tourists are not allowed to visit restaurants and shops but can go to the beach wearing a mask.
Martinique, Guadeloupe and the British Virgin Islands mandate a seven-day quarantine for unvaccinated visitors only. Other destinations such as Barbados, Grenada and Dominica have shorter quarantine periods for vaccinated travellers than for unvaccinated ones.
Bermuda, which some in Caymans tourism industry have held up as an example for a travel destination that successfully opened its borders during the pandemic, recently changed its very open approach that included regular testing but no quarantine.
After a wave of 2,000 COVID cases that resulted in 19 deaths in a matter of six weeks in April and May, Bermuda now has a 14-day quarantine for unvaccinated visitors, while vaccinated travellers must to submit to the old regime of regular tests on days 4, 8 and 14.
Almost all Caribbean countries require PCR tests within certain timeframes prior to arrival, irrespective of the vaccination status.
In the Bahamas, the BVI and Puerto Rico, only unvaccinated travellers have to submit negative test results before they depart, whereas the island of Saba limits PCR tests to travellers from high-risk countries.
The Dominican Republic does not require prior test results unless visitors come from Brazil, South Africa or India. Instead, tourists are subjected to a body temperature check at arrival and a random number of travellers between 3% and 15% must take a breathalyser test, which authorities say is designed to indicate a recent infection from the virus. Arrivals who test positive must go into quarantine, where they are regularly tested.
All Caribbean destinations have some form of pre-registration and travel authorisation process prior to departure.
The BVI and Turks and Caicos demand, as part of this, proof of medical insurance that covers COVID. To visit Aruba or the Bahamas, visitors must buy the locally-offered travel or health insurance before departure.
Few destinations in the Caribbean have outlined plans for the further easing of restrictions based on vaccination rate targets.
In Cayman, Premier Wayne Panton indicated that opening plans will almost certainly be tied to most of the population being fully vaccinated. Panton last week stated a herd immunity target of 80% but said the number may be slightly lower than that depending on the medical advice that government receives.
Based on new population estimates, currently 67% of Cayman residents have had one vaccine shot and 60% are fully vaccinated.
If we look further afield to Hawaii, the US state is one comparable example for a group of islands that introduced a tier system based on vaccination targets that will ultimately lead to the lifting of COVID restrictions.
Hawaii is a popular destination for US travellers, which is also the main source market for the Caribbean, including Cayman.
Until recently, travel to the islands was not only restricted from other US states but also between the islands themselves.
The Safe Travel programme that screens arriving travellers began last October but many counties in the state opted for more rigorous restrictions with quarantine or more testing in addition to a pre-arrival test.
On 1 June, all tests on arrival were abolished and, on 15 June, all restrictions on interisland travel were lifted.
Once the vaccination rate reaches 60%, out-of-state arrivals who have been fully vaccinated will no longer need to submit a COVID-19 test before flying to the islands.
At a 70% vaccination rate, Hawaiis Safe Travel programme will end with no more testing or vaccination requirements for travellers.
Currently, more than 55% of Hawaiians is fully vaccinated.
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Costa Rica and the Caribbean, Among the International Destinations Preferred by Spaniards this summer – The Costa Rica News
Posted: at 3:51 am
The tourist season shows signs of recovery, still far from the pre-pandemic figures, but with a rising level. This is how the main association of travel agencies in Spain, Acave, values the opening of the summer, which this past week has valued the start of a crucial campaign for the travel industry.
According to their data, Spanish travel reservations for this next season have increased by more than 10% compared to the same period in 2020, although they still remain more than 50% below those of the summer before the pandemic.
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Although the advance in vaccination and the European passport encourage long-distance destinations more than expected, the survey carried out each year by ACAVe among its more than 450 associated travel agencies shows that national and European destinations will continue to be the most requested also this summer , they point out. Acave highlights that the closure to tourism of some destinations and the restrictions of many countries, such as the United Kingdom, continue to be the main limitations for the reactivation.
The data confirm that this year Spanish travelers will maintain this trend and last minute bookings will continue to be recorded throughout the summer. According to the Acave survey, approximately 81% of reservations for this summer will enter less than or equal to 1 month before the trip. In fact, it is estimated that reservations in the last minute category (less than 2 weeks in advance) will account for 37% of the total. The agencies consulted attribute the lack of advance notice to the fear of travelers of possible changes in regulations or the risk of a change in the circumstances of the pandemic, as happened last summer.
All in all, Sarrate has insisted on his thesis that the full recovery of the sector is still far off, and that, despite the fact that vaccination is progressing at a good pace, it may still take between two and a half and four years to reach pre-pandemic levels. , has commented. In this sense, Sarrate has been confident that the veto on Russian tourists will be lifted, validating the Russian Sputnik vaccine, that the United Kingdom will green Spain as a safe health market, that tourism with the United States will be reactivated, that there will be a cruise tourism rebound and that Imserso trips also recover to give life to the sector in the low season.
We have a long season ahead of us. July, August and September have always been very good, added Serrate, who has also asked the Government and social agents to extend the ERTE until December 31 to help travel agencies. As for international travel, the Spanish who will embark on this type of trip this summer will choose destinations such as the Maldives, Costa Rica and the Caribbean, giving priority to those countries that facilitate the entry of tourists without quarantines and with very clear health requirements, such as vaccination certificates or negative PCR.
Both Sarrate and the manager of Acave, Catiana Tur, have highlighted the concern of travel agencies about the massive return of travel vouchers that these companies, the majority of SMEs, face. The two leaders have insisted that travel providers, mainly airlines, are preventing the return of trips canceled by the pandemic. Airlines such as Ryanair, Air Europa or Aero Mxico, among others, still owe 150 million euros to the agencies for flights abolished by the anti-covid restrictions. An amount that consumers can now claim and those travel agencies have to assume in the first instance.
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Disney Fans Explore Hidden Rooms From the Pirates of the Caribbean Attraction – Inside the Magic
Posted: at 3:51 am
One of the worst things about visiting Disney World, Disneyland, or any Disney Park is that at some point, you will have to leave!
Dealing with the Disney blues is something almost all Disney fans have to face, but there are ways to kick that sadness out and turn it into magical reminders of happiness. From adding Disney decor to your home to watching Disney attraction videos on YouTube, there are many options available for fans to be reminded of the magic.
Now, there is a new video game that may not only help with the Disney blues but will allow fans to dive deeper into an attraction that Walt Disney himself created. Sea of Thieves: A Pirates Life was just released as a collaboration with Disney, and the video game follows Jack Sparrows adventures that we have seen in the Pirates of the Caribbean attraction.
Although the video game takes inspiration from the films, it seems that the aesthetic and setting are very much based on the Disneyland version of the attraction. Players will not only feel like they are in the ride while playing, but they will be able to explore rooms and show scenes that, typically, a Guest would only get to watch from their boat!
Disney Parks Blog noted:
If you think that riding the Pirates of the Caribbean attraction immerses you into Jack Sparrows treacherous world plagued by scoundrels, this game will take that immersion to a whole new level. It showcases several iconic scenes from the original 1967 Pirates of the Caribbean attraction in Disneyland park, like the Treasure Room, the Ship Battle, and my personal favorite the Jail Scene featuring the dog holding the keys to freedom. Pirates fans can adventure and explore through these well-known scenes brought to life in the game in beautiful detail and truly authentic to the classic attraction. The exciting new gameplay experience casts YOU, the players, as the main characters within this adventurous world!
Many Disney fans would love to explore all of the different details on the Pirates of the Caribbean attraction, and it seems that this video game is a pretty close second to actually being able to do it in real life!
Disney Parks (@disneyparks) TikTok made a video that shows a side-by-side comparison of the video game and the attraction, and some scenes look identical to the ride.
You can explore iconic scenes from #PiratesOfTheCaribbean in Sea of Thieves: A Pirates Life
You can explore iconic scenes from #PiratesOfTheCaribbean in Sea of Thieves: A Pirates Life #Disney #DisneyParks #GamerTikTok #SummerOfGaming
original sound Disney Parks
As someone who played VMK (Virtual Magic Kingdom) in its heyday, I can say that Disney fans definitely need more theme park-based video games, as it allows us to explore the parks even if we cant be there in person. Sea of Thieves: A Pirates Life is available on mobile, Windows PC, Steam, and Xbox.
We have also discussed how the game brings back Jack Sparrow into the Pirates of the Caribbean franchise but does so without Johnny Depp. Read more about that here!
Would you want to play Sea of Thieves: A Pirates Life knowing it allows you to explore classic areas of the Disneyland Pirates of the Caribbean attraction?
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Disney Fans Explore Hidden Rooms From the Pirates of the Caribbean Attraction - Inside the Magic
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Royal Navy ready to assist Caribbean during hurricane season – Nation News
Posted: at 3:51 am
Posted on June 25, 2021
HMA Medway and RFA Wave Knight at sea. (GP)
The Royal Navy has formed a task force in the Caribbean to provide immediate assistance to the region throughout the 2021 Hurricane Season.
The RFA Wave Knight has joined the patrol ship HMS Medway to significantly enhance the assistance in the event of a natural disaster. The two ships arrived in Barbados . . . for a short visit. They will be working with authorities in Barbados and across the region in the coming weeks to plan, prepare and coordinate any response if needed.
HMS Medway provides the Royal Navys permanent presence in the Caribbean and is now into her second storm season. She has been joined by the Royal Fleet Auxiliary supportship Wave Knight, with a Royal Navy Wildcat helicopter embarked alongside specialist personnel, equipment and supplies for disaster relief, including highlyskilled troops from 24 Commando, Royal Engineers.
Prepare for the worst
While we hope for the best, we must prepare for the worst. These ships are the first responders of the UKs plan for disaster relief in the Caribbean. We are all are proud to be working together with local authorities, helping people when they need it most.
We have worked hard over the last few months to get ready for this role, and we willkeep on training and preparing, learning from and cooperating with our partners in the Caribbean, said Task Group Commander, Brian Trim.
Earlier this month, RFA Wave Knight delivered an assortment of aid from the people of Barbados and the World Health Organisation to St Vincent.
Individually and together, the two ships provide support and reassurance to Britains Overseas Territories and to Commonwealth states in the region. The ships are making a brief visit here following two weeks of exercises at sea and with US, French, Dutch and Canadian ships, have participated in Exercise Tradewinds off Guyana.
Lieutenant SamStallard, HMS Medways navigator, said: Its been really great to work with our partners during Tradewinds. After two weeks of training together, it will be much easier to cooperate in the months ahead.(PR)
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Royal Navy ready to assist Caribbean during hurricane season - Nation News
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New Conspiracy Theory: Children Kidnapped for Mars Slave …
Posted: at 3:50 am
Even in this age of free-flying conspiracy theories, this one's a doozy.
On Thursday (June 29), a guest on Alex Jones' radio show named Robert David Steele claimed that Mars is inhabited by people sent to the Red Planet against their will.
"We actually believe that there is a colony on Mars that is populated by children who were kidnapped and sent into space on a 20-year ride, so that once they get to Mars, they have no alternative but to be slaves on the Mars colony," Steele told Jones, the founder of the controversial InfoWars website. [25 Space Conspiracies That Just Won't Die]
It's unclear why this "ride" would last two decades; it takes just 6 to 9 months to reach Mars using current propulsion technology. Perhaps Steele believes that the kidnapped children return to Earth, as adults, 20 years after being spirited away?
Whatever the details may be, Jones seemed open to the possibility.
"Look, I know that 90 percent of the NASA missions are secret, and I've been told by high-level NASA engineers that you have no idea," Jones told Steele, who the show billed as a "CIA insider." "There is so much stuff going on."
Jones went on to add that "clearly, they dont want us looking into what is happening; every time probes go over, they turn them off."
The Daily Beast did some due diligence on Steele's assertion, contacting NASA for a comment.
"There are no humans on Mars. There are active rovers on Mars. There was a rumor going around last week that there werent. There are," Guy Webster, a spokesman at NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory in Pasadena, California, who specializes in the agency's Mars-exploration activities, told The Daily Beast. "But there are no humans."
Alex Jones has supported and promulgated conspiracy theories in the past. He has claimed, for example, that the December 2012 massacre in Newtown, Connecticut in which 20-year-old Adam Lanza shot and killed 27 people, including 20 first-graders was a hoax.
Mars has proven to be fertile ground for conspiracy theorists over the years as well. There's the famous "face on Mars," of course. And more recently, UFO enthusiasts have claimed that NASA's Curiosity rover has captured images of a variety of Red Planet animals that resemble rats, lizards, squirrels and crabs.
Follow Mike Wall on Twitter@michaeldwallandGoogle+.Follow us @Spacedotcom, Facebookor Google+. Originally published onSpace.com.
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Elon Musk says he plans to send 1 million people to Mars …
Posted: at 3:50 am
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In a series of tweets on Thursday, Elon Musk revealed new details about his plan to build a city of 1 million people on Mars by 2050.
Musk said he hoped to build 1,000 Starships the towering and ostensibly fully reusable spaceship that SpaceX is developing in South Texas over 10 years. That's 100 Starships per year.
Eventually, Musk added, the goal is to launch an average of three Starships per day and make the trip to Mars available to anybody.
"Needs to be such that anyone can go if they want, with loans available for those who don't have money," Musk wrote.
Not enough to convince you to leave Earth behind?
"There will be a lot of jobs on Mars!" he added.
Starship, if realized as designed, would be the most powerful launch system ever created; each launch would pack enough thrust to send more than 100 tons (about seven fully loaded school buses' worth of mass) and 100 people into orbit at a time.
Musk didn't specify what exactly the rockets would need to carry to Mars, but a lot of food, water, building materials, tools, and advanced life-support systems are a given. Thus, he estimated he would need a whole fleet of Starships to build a permanent settlement.
"Megatons per year to orbit are needed for life to become multiplanetary," he tweeted on Thursday.
In total, 1,000 Starships could hypothetically transport about 100 megatons of stuff to Mars; that's the volume Musk has said he hopes to send to the red planet per year. With each ship ferrying about 100 passengers, that would make for a total migration of about 100,000 people.
Musk also suggested he planned to capitalize on the brief windows of time that the orbits of Earth and Mars align which come about every 25 months. That allows spacecraft to spring off of Earth's rotation and set themselves on a low-fuel journey toward Mars.
Musk said he would take advantage of that opportunity by "loading the Mars fleet into Earth orbit," then sending all 1,000 ships on a Mars-bound trajectory over that 30-day window every 26 months.
That seems to contradict an earlier tweet in which Musk said 1,000 Starships would fly to Mars each year, rather than every 26 months. Either way, SpaceX has a long way to go before reaching those goals.
Musk said a new Starship prototype may launch before the end of March.
"First flight is hopefully 2 to 3 months away," Musktweeted on December 27.
The development of the prototype hit delays after an accidental explosion during a fuel-tank-pressurization test on November 20, which blew the top off SpaceX's first 16-story Starship prototype.
The company could build as many as 20 different prototypesbefore engineers settle on a "1.0" design to fly cargo and people.
The full Starship launch system would also include a 22-story rocket booster called Super Heavy; combined, the whole thing would stand about 387 feet (118 meters) tall. During launch, a Starship spaceship would ride atop the booster, disconnect after the booster runs low on fuel, and rocket its way into orbit.
Both parts are being designed to be fully reusable. If that vision comes to pass, Musk estimates the cost of a single launch would be just $2 million that would be hundreds of times cheaper than the current cost of launching a similar number of people and amount of cargo into space on any planned or existing rocket (including SpaceX's own Falcon 9 system).
Musk said in September that he hoped to launch a Starship into orbit by mid-2020 and maybe even fly a person in it before the end of the year. Gwynne Shotwell, the president and chief operating officer of SpaceX, said during a NASA teleconference that the company was "aiming to be able to drop Starship on the lunar surface in 2022" and fly the Japanese tech entrepreneur and billionaire Yusaku Maezawa around the moon in 2023.
However, all of those statements came before the Starship prototype explosion. SpaceX will also have to clear several regulatoryandpractical hurdles including securing the safety of the residents of Boca Chica Village, which sits within 2 miles of SpaceX's Texas launchpad before it can launch any prototypes to orbit.
"Helping to pay for this is why I'm accumulating assets on Earth," Musk tweeted on Thursday.
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Incredible Technology: How to Live on Mars | Space
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Editor's Note:In this weekly series, SPACE.com explores how technologydrives space exploration and discovery.
Ambitious exploration efforts have always aimed for self-sufficiency, but the need is especially acute when the new terrain being traversed is another planet. Extensive resupply from Earth would be prohibitively expensive, experts say, so exploiting Red Planet resources is crucial to making pioneering manned missions affordable in the short term and Mars settlement sustainable over the long haul.
"We want to move and explore in a very similar manner that we've done in the past, so that we can live off the land to make all these missions very cost-effective and more efficient," Prasun Desai, acting director of the Strategic Integration and Analysis Office in NASA's Space Technology Mission Directorate, said last Tuesday (Aug. 6). [The Boldest Mars Missions in History]
The goal is to enable the exploration of Mars "in a much more aggressive manner, so that we can really get a sense of, Are we alone in the universe?" added Desai, who was speaking at a celebration at NASA Headquarters in Washington, D.C. marking the first year on the Red Planet for the agency's Curiosity rover.
Martian resources
The Red Planet may be cold and dry, but it harbors a wealth of resources that pioneering astronauts could extract and exploit, said Robert Zubrin, president and founder of the Mars Society. This non-profit organization advocates manned Mars exploration and is hosting its 16th annual conference on the topic Aug. 15-18 in Boulder, Colo.
For example, astronauts could generate oxygen and rocket fuel (for potential trips home to Earth) by pulling feedstock out of the Red Planet's thin, carbon dioxide-dominated atmosphere, Zubrin said. And they could get all the water they need from the dirt under their boots.
"We now know that Martian soil has water in it," Zubrin told SPACE.com. "Even at the equator, it's 5 percent water by weight; in the Arctic regions, it's 60 percent water by weight. And we've developed technology that can bake water out of that soil and make it available."
This water, along with Mars' plentiful carbon dioxide, would make it feasible to grow crops for food and other plants to make products such as clothing, at least in some regions, he added.
"Sunlight at the Martian equator is about equal to that of Norway," Zubrin said. "And there's also nitrogen and all the other elements needed to make fertilizers and so forth."
Iron oxide and silicon oxide are also common in Martian soil, so human pioneers would be able to make iron, steel and glass, he said. And the availability of water and carbon dioxide would allow them to make plastics as well. [Future Visions of Human Spaceflight]
"This civilization [here on Earth] was built on iron, steel and natural fibers until the 20th century," Zubrin said. "We can do all of that."
Complicated products such as computer chips would likely have to be imported from Earth for a long time to come, he added. But most such items would be lightweight, greatly reducing the mass and therefore cost of necessary resupply missions.
Powering a new society
Living on Mars will require a considerable amount of power, of course. While solar panels and radioisotope thermoelectric generators (which convert the heat of radioactive decay into electricity) have powered robotic NASA rovers on the Red Planet, new strategies will be required for manned missions, Desai said.
"We're going to need a lot more power for when humans are on the surface with a lot larger vehicles, to be able to operate those types of systems," he said.
NASA's Space Technology Mission Directorate is researching a number of possibilities, including more efficient fuel cells and better batteries to improve energy storage, Desai added.
While such technologies could help support the first pioneering steps on the Red Planet, a long-lasting human society on the Red Planet may require a more potent power source. And Zubrin thinks it can be found underground.
Some Martian volcanoes last erupted just a few hundred million years ago, he said, and Mars-orbiting spacecraft have found evidence for a subsurface water table, which could only exist on the frigid planet in the presence of internally generated heat.
"There is hot stuff underground," Zubrin said, noting that geothermal energy is the number four power source here on Earth, after combustion, nuclear and hydroelectric. "We should be able to locate places where we can drill down and access geothermal heat, which might also give us liquid water as well, which would be convenient."
Initial drilling to tap into this heat would be done using nuclear power, he added.
Becoming self-sufficient
A manned Mars outpost will likely be supported financially at first by governments, foundations or extremely wealthy individuals here on Earth, Zubrin said. But if it hopes to last over the long term, it must eventually come up with a way to support itself and pay for its imports.
Red Planet settlers may be able to send some gold and other precious metals back to a picked-over Earth, Zubrin said, but such heavy materials are extremely expensive to launch. He thinks it's more likely that a Mars colony's main export will be intellectual property.
The frontier environment on Mars will serve as an incubator of innovation, just as it did in the United States, Zubrin added.
"You have, typically, a severe labor shortage and an extremely challenging environment, and so you're forced to innovate," he said. "This is where you get this culture of invention in 18th and 19th, even into 20th century America."
"The Martian frontier is going to amplify this to a much greater degree," he added.
Areas ripe for potential Red Planet innovation include robotics and agriculture, Zubrin said. And if indigenouslife on Marsis ever discovered, its genome could be incredibly valuable, both scientifically and financially.
Going to Mars
Putting boots on Mars is the main goal of NASA's human spaceflight program, and the space agency isn't the only organization with Red Planet dreams.
The Netherlands-based nonprofit Mars One aims to land four people on the Red Planet in 2023 as the vanguard of a permanent settlement there. Mars One estimates this initial mission will cost about $6 billion, and the organization plans to foot most of the bill by staging a global media event around it.
And billionaire entrepreneur Elon Musk, the founder of private spaceflight firm SpaceX, said late last year that he wants to help establish a Mars colony of up to 80,000 people. Indeed, Musk has said he started SpaceX primarily to help humanity become a multiplanet species.
Zubrin is confident that somebody will eventually break through, and our species will establish an outpost on Mars.
"The idea is out there," he said. "Sooner or later, it's going to happen."
Follow Mike Wall on Twitter@michaeldwallandGoogle+.Follow us @Spacedotcom, Facebookor Google+. Originally published onSPACE.com.
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Surviving Mars – Wikipedia
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2018 video game
Surviving Mars is a city building simulation video game initially developed by the Bulgarian studio Haemimont Games, and later by Abstraction Games, and published by Paradox Interactive. It was released on Microsoft Windows, macOS, Linux, PlayStation 4 and Xbox One on March 15, 2018. The player serves as an overseer who must build a colony on Mars and ensure the survival of the colonists.
Surviving Mars is a city builder simulation game that takes place on Mars and is modeled after real Martian data.[1] The player chooses a sponsoring nation, each conferring slightly different benefits and a unique building and vehicle, and then lands on Mars with robotic drones and rovers. These rovers and drones prepare the colony for humans on the red planet by setting up power and water infrastructure, domes, resource depots, oxygen generators, and landing pads. The player's goal is to create a thriving colony on Mars with occasional rockets from Earth, which have limited cargo space, forcing the player to balance bringing resources from Earth and producing resources on the planet. For example, the first human colonists will bring limited food with them on their rocket, so farms are crucial to a thriving colony on Mars. The player can bring electronics, machine parts, food, concrete, metal, prefab buildings, rovers and drones from Earth, or research technologies to manufacture them on Mars.[2] Players must balance expanding the colony with managing oxygen, food, water, and replacement parts. The game also has storylines called mysteries, which add various events to the colony,[3] including plagues, war, rival corporations, AI revolt, alien contact, and others. Rare metals can be exported back to Earth for funds. Landing sites also have various natural disasters like dust storms, meteor storms, cold waves, and dust devils to increase difficulty.[4][5]
Haemimont Games, the developer of the Tropico series, initially led the game's development.[6] The team studied science and challenges real-life scientists consider when thinking about colonizing Mars, then turned them into gameplay elements. The game's aesthetics were inspired by The Jetsons and Futurama.[5] Describing the game as a "hardcore survival city-builder", publisher Paradox Interactive announced the game in May 2017.[7] The game was released for Windows, macOS, PlayStation 4 and Xbox One on March 15, 2018 with mod support.[8]
About a year after release, in June 2019, Haemimont signed on with Frontier Developments for development of a new property for Frontier's publishing label.[9] In March 2021, Paradox revealed that development of Surviving Mars has moved from Haemimont Games to Abstraction Games.[10]
Surviving Mars has several DLCs, available either separately or as part of the digital season pass available in the game's "First Colony Edition". Space Race, the game's first expansion, was released on November 15, 2018, and introduces rival colonies competing to achieve milestones on Mars.[11] The second, Green Planet, was released on May 16, 2019, and introduces the concept of terraforming Mars into a planet that can sustain human life.[12] Several content packs were also released, including a building pack and the "Marsvision Song Contest" radio station (with the release of Space Race)[13] and "Project Laika", which introduced ranching on Mars as well as pets in the colony (with the release of Green Planet).[14]
A free update adding space tourism features will be added in March 2021.[15] A full paid DLC expansion is planned later in 2021.[15]
The city-builder game Cities: Skylines, also published by Paradox, received a free update themed around Surviving Mars.[16]
The game received generally favorable reviews according to review aggregator Metacritic,[17] scoring 80% on PC Gamer, and 78/100 on IGN.[1][2]
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