Daily Archives: June 6, 2021

Republicans fear Trump will lead to a lost generation of talent – POLITICO

Posted: June 6, 2021 at 7:37 pm

But almost all of those up-and-comers have one common trait: they have embraced Trump. And for others in the party, that fealty is a sign of a party contracting, not expanding. The fear is that, as Trump lingers on the scene, aggressively intervening in internal party disputes and openly flirting with running again in 2024, it will only get more pronounced.

There is a lost generation of conservatives and I think its because theyre forced to tie themselves to Trump, one Republican operative said. There was an anti-Romney backlash, anti-Bush backlash When you lose the presidency whether an incumbent or challenger the party distances themselves and that is absolutely not the case here."

Political parties have gone through concerns about talent drains before. At the end of Barack Obamas presidency, Democrats warned that the bench of up-and-coming lawmakers he left behind was painfully thin as the party suffered tremendous setbacks in Congress and the statehouses. Trump, too, oversaw the loss of seats down-ballot. But unlike Obama, he has not receded from public view after leaving office. And his continued presence has sparked fears mainly, but not exclusively, from the GOP diaspora about the narrowing of the party.

"If the conservative cause depends on the populist appeal of one personality, or on second-rate imitations, then we're not going anywhere, former House Speaker Paul Ryan, who left Washington for Wisconsin two years ago, said last week on the first night of the Ronald Reagan Presidential Library & Museums "Time for Choosing" series. Voters looking for Republican leaders want to see independence and mettle. They will not be impressed by the sight of yes-men and flatterers flocking to Mar-a-Lago."

In a clear sign Trump was listening, the ex-president responded with a four-paragraph critique the next day. Paul Ryan has been a curse to the Republican Party, Trump said. Ryan didnt respond back.

Ryans fear about Trumps grip on the party is shared by top operatives who believe that few aspiring presidential candidates will choose to run if Trump ultimately does make a bid. So far, former New Jersey Gov. Chris Christie is the only potential 2024 contender who said he wouldnt wait around for the ex-president to make a decision first. Former U.N. Ambassador Nikki Haley has flatly said shed defer to her former boss before deciding on making a run.

As one close adviser coolly remarked: Theyre all so afraid [of] going first maybe? Or saying something that sounds like theyre moving on from the Trump years.

On the congressional level, Trumps impact on the composition of the party has been visible in obvious and subtle ways. He helped orchestrate the ouster of Wyoming Rep. Liz Cheney from leadership ranks, and either directly or indirectly drove numerous lawmakers to retirement. As FiveThiryEight noted, of the 293 Republicans who were serving in the Senate or House on Jan. 20, 2017 the day of Trumps inauguration a full 132 (45 percent) are no longer in Congress or have announced their retirement or resignation.

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Matt Gaetz, Donald Trump and why obstruction of justice matters – MSNBC

Posted: at 7:37 pm

Elected officials dont have the right to break the laws the rest of us have to follow. And they also shouldnt be able to obstruct justice when theyre under investigation. If anything, the bar should be higher for our elected officials. Congress, after all, writes the laws that form the architecture of our criminal justice system and should be responsible for obeying them.

Elected officials dont have the right to break the laws the rest of us have to follow.

When news that the Justice Department was investigating Rep. Matt Gaetz, R-Fla., for obstruction of justice in connection with alleged sexual misconduct broke on Wednesday, his office issued this statement: Congressman Gaetz pursues justice, he doesnt obstruct it."

Gaetz may live to regret those comments. If he is ultimately indicted, a federal prosecutor may read that statement to a jury in closing argument and remind them that obstruction of justice is not, as some of the former presidents allies suggested, an insignificant process crime (whatever that means).

Juries understand, and so do we, that obstruction of justice is significant. Its about whether our system can deliver justice.

The crime of obstruction of justice is committed when one person intimidates, threatens or corruptly persuades a witness, intending to influence, delay, or prevent their testimony in connection with an official proceeding. The statute sweeps broadly to include a wide variety of conduct intended to prevent investigators from getting to the truth about the commission of a crime. At its core are concerns about criminals who try to tamper with witnesses to conceal the facts. This is the heartland of the conduct Congress intended to prohibit.

Prosecutors, following Congresss lead, take obstruction seriously because it threatens the integrity of our criminal justice system and cuts at the heart of justice. Obstruction cannot be tolerated or ignored. And, as a practical matter, people tend to obstruct when they have something to hide. An obstruction charge can underscore a defendants knowledge that he violated the law and provide additional proof of the underlying charges.

The truth about Gaetz will come out in the course of the federal investigation that is reportedly ongoing. We dont know the details of the conversation he allegedly had when an ex-girlfriend conferenced him in on a phone call with a key witness in the investigation, but the ex-girlfriend is reportedly seeking an immunity deal in exchange for her cooperation because she herself fears obstruction charges. The DOJ has also not charged Gaetz with any crimes at this point (and Gaetz has denied all wrongdoing). However, if prosecutors develop sufficient evidence to sustain charges against him, including a charge of obstruction of justice, he should anticipate that he will be indicted.

Beyond Gaetzs individual alleged crimes, which include the trafficking of a minor and possibly extend to public corruption, we are waiting to see whether the allegations of obstruction prove true and whether they signal a broader trend among former President Donald Trumps self-styled political successors.

Trump unabashedly criticized judges he disagreed with and publicly encouraged his attorneys general to prosecute his enemies and protect his friends. In this, his conduct was unique among our political leaders. His envisioned a criminal justice system he could manipulate for his personal benefit.

Unlike President Richard Nixon, who turned over his tapes when a court told him to and President Bill Clinton, who submitted to prosecutors questioning, Trump consistently held himself above the law. He declined to submit to an in-person interview in connection with the Mueller investigation and withheld witnesses and evidence. Mueller, in his report submitted to the attorney general, laid out ten potential allegations of obstruction against the former president. He stopped short of accusing him of committing a crime but also refused to exonerate him. So far, Trump has escaped legal consequences for his contempt but we should be concerned if his allies (Gaetz, for instance) try to adopt his approach.

Our system of justice is fragile at the moment, stretched thin because it only works if people believe in it. Trumps White House tenure diminished Americans confidence in our institutions. If his utter disregard for the law becomes the new norm for political figures, we are at great risk.

It doesnt take a career at the Justice Department to understand why obstruction of justice is a serious crime. In authoritarian systems and banana republics, powerful people who set themselves above the law obstruct justice to avoid its consequences. If select people can prevent investigations into their misconduct, our entire criminal justice system would crumble. Thats why a person can be prosecuted for obstruction of justice, even if their attempt fails or if prosecutors are unable to prove the underlying crime a defendant is accused of trying to conceal.

We care about accountability for people who try to thwart justice, whether they are the least or the most successful at it. Congress, too, has made it clear that obstruction of justice is a serious crime, imposing penalties of up to 20 years in cases of witness interference. As former special counsel Bob Mueller once said, obstruction "strikes at the core of the governments effort to find the truth and hold wrongdoers accountable. And thats why its an extraordinarily serious charge, particularly against a sitting member of Congress.

Gaetz is an avowed disciple of Donald Trump. He told a crowd at the Villages, a Florida retirement community, last month, that the Republican party is Donald Trump's party, and I'm a Donald Trump Republican." While others in public life might have resigned over allegations of sexual misconduct even conduct that doesnt rise to the level of a crime, like Al Franken who resigned from the Senate over misconduct allegations or Katie Hill who resigned from the House after acknowledging that her affair with a staffer was inappropriate Gaetz has doubled down, saying he did nothing wrong.

We care about accountability for people who try to thwart justice, whether they are the least or the most successful at it.

In the statement his spokesman released, he criticized, presumably DOJ prosecutors, for not making a single on-record accusation of misconduct. (Of course, those prosecutors wouldnt make public accusations before an indictment is returned.) Its legitimate to defend oneself against criminal charges, but entirely out of bounds to, as the statute says, corruptly persuade a witness to withhold the truth from investigators, hoping to derail an investigation.

If investigators do prove that Gaetz tried to prevent a witness from testifying against him or alter their testimony, he should be pursued with the full force of the law. This must happen so that justice is done in this specific case. But on a much broader level, this case is a test of a criminal justice system dramatically undermined by our last president. Interfering with justice cannot become the new norm. And we cannot tolerate any more efforts by our politicians to hold themselves above the law.

Joyce White Vance is an MSNBC columnist andNBC News and MSNBC legal analyst. She is a law professor at the University of Alabama School of Law and a former U.S. attorney in the Northern District of Alabama.

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Donald Trump Jr. joins Cameo | TheHill – The Hill

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Donald Trump Jr.Don TrumpDonald Trump Jr. joins Cameo Book claims Trump family members were 'inappropriately' close with Secret Service agents Trump Jr. shares edited video showing father knocking Biden down with golf ball MORE made his debut on Cameo this week, where he will be selling personalized video messages to fans, starting at just over $500.

Trump's account is set up to deliver video messages for $525 if fans want to receive them in two to seven days. For quicker messages, fans can opt to get a video delivered in less than 24 hours, which will cost them $787, according to the Independent.

Fans of former President TrumpDonald TrumpTrump touts record, blasts Dems in return to stage Trump demands China pay 'reparations' for role in coronavirus pandemic Trump endorses Rep. Ted Budd for Senate MORE's oldest son can also message him directly for $19.99.

Dont worry about it if your wifes mad at you for saying that election night 2016 was the happiest night of your life ... theres millions of people just like you, you can tell her I said that, Trump Jr.said in a videoto an Australian supporter. Thanks for helping us out and support us in going after the liberals and the crazies on CNN.

Trump Jr. says in his account bio that a portion of the proceeds he receives will go to charity.

"Father, Patriot, Outdoorsman, Businessman, Political Commentator and #1 NYT Bestselling author. A portion of proceeds will be donated to Shadow Warriors Project," his bio reads.

Trump Jr.'s latest venture comes after he recently complained about the "millions" he has sustained in legal bills due to the multiple ongoing criminal probes into the Trump Organization.

In a recent appearance on "Tucker Carlson Tonight," Trump Jr. slammedNew York Attorney General Letitia James forher investigation, which recently announced it is working in coordination with a separate probe from the Manhattan District Attorney's Office.

I think its political persecution, and I know that because she literally campaigned on it. She was going to investigate the crimes. The problem is it wasnt as though she was a part of this office. She had no idea but, in New York, its OK to try to persecute your political enemies, to try to target them, to try to hurt them and theyve been doing that for over five years, Trump said on Fox News.

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Don McGahn’s Testimony Could Finally Break Donald Trump’s Ability to Evade the Law – The New Republic

Posted: at 7:37 pm

Which is to say that Trump is such a skinflint that hed rather risk McGahn telling Congress that, yes, the president personally directed him to commit obstruction of justiceto fire Robert Mueller and then to create a fake paper trail to suggest that Trump never asked him to do thatthan have to shell out his own money to try to stop it!

So thats one legal wall Trump has run into. And yes, it matters. If the facts stated in the Mueller Report are correct, and McGahn fesses up to them, it may not make any difference to the January 6 crowd, but we will have a presidents legal counsel on the record saying that the president obstructed justice. Thats a big deal.

The second and more prominent wall, of course, was the Supreme Court, which needed about three seconds to decide that Trumps accountants did indeed have to turn over his tax returns to Manhattan District Attorney Cyrus Vance.

The courts original ruling was delivered last July, at which time even Trump appointees Neil Gorsuch and Brett Kavanaugh joined a seven-justice majority concurring with Chief Justice John Robertss ruling that no citizen, not even the president, is categorically above the common duty to produce evidence when called upon in a criminal proceeding (Clarence Thomas and Samuel Alito dissented). In February, the court denied Trumps emergency request to block a subpoena for the returns, ending the matter. This time, no dissents were publicly noted.

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Don McGahn's Testimony Could Finally Break Donald Trump's Ability to Evade the Law - The New Republic

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Opinion | August Vollmer ‘Abolished’ the Police in 1905 – The New York Times

Posted: at 7:35 pm

Its striking that some of todays advocates for abolishing or defunding the police echo Mr. Vollmers views. Mariame Kaba, an anti-criminalization activist and grass-roots organizer, recently argued that one way to abolish the police would be to redirect the billions that now go to police departments toward providing health care, housing, education and good jobs. She proposed that trained community care workers could do mental-health checks if someone needs help.

Mr. Vollmers 1936 textbook makes a similar suggestion, though more as an approach to reducing crime than Ms. Kabas goal of creating a cooperative society in which police are obsolete. Mr. Vollmer asserted that school, welfare, health, and recreation were more likely to prevent crime than jails. In a movement which aims at the reduction of crime, he wrote, there simply is no place for slums, malnutrition, physical want or disease. He added that victimless crimes like drug use and sex work should be handled by nonpolice agencies, just as mental health crises should be.

And like todays advocates for criminal justice reform, Mr. Vollmer wanted police officers to be accountable, hence his emphasis on keeping careful records of all arrests and investigations. Almost single-handedly, he ushered in the age of data analysis in police work. There is a direct line between his strategies in the 1920s and the use of body cams today.

There is also a direct line between his work and racial profiling. Like many white men of his day, Mr. Vollmer was infatuated with scientific racism, or the constellation of ideas that suggest there is a biological basis for racial hierarchies. In a section of his proposed police training curriculum, he listed eugenics, the origin of races and race degeneration as part of a section on criminological anthropology and heredity. Despite hiring Berkeleys first Black police officer the renowned Walter Gordon, who later was the governor of the U.S. Virgin Islands Mr. Vollmer suggested in some of his writings that Black people were predisposed to crime. Khalil Gibran Muhammads book The Condemnation of Blackness: Race, Crime and the Making of Modern Urban America explores how the violent injustices of Jim Crow policing were bolstered by ideas like the ones Mr. Vollmer promoted.

A veteran of the Philippine-American War, Mr. Vollmer based the Berkeley Police Departments centralized command structure on what he had experienced in the military. And in 1906 he established mobile bicycle patrols (yes, he was an early champion of bicycle cops, too), based on tactics he learned while crushing resistance fighters outside Manila.

In the last century, Mr. Vollmers emphasis on mandating education and a professionalized police force has largely fallen by the wayside. While some police departments set minimum college education levels for their officers, many dont, despite research indicating that officers who have graduated from college are almost 40 percent less likely to use any form of force. His notion of a liberal college education for police was supplanted by models that are closer to technical training programs, according to the criminal justice professor Lawrence W. Sherman. Instead of serving as a resource for changing the role of the police, Mr. Sherman wrote in the late 1970s, college programs for police officers have been subverted to help maintain the status quo in policing.

While some of this shift had to do with the growing conservatism of police departments, it was also rooted in a theory of community policing. Critics pointed out that working-class people couldnt always afford to attend universities. If police departments wanted to hire officers who could patrol their own low-income neighborhoods, the argument went, it was elitist to demand four-year degrees.

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Veteran faces criminal charges after using urban exploration to treat his PTSD – The Independent

Posted: at 7:35 pm

The photo, posted on an Instagram account called @driftershoots, shows a man standing precariously close to the ledge of a building in New York City, higher even than the famous spire of the Chrysler Building, gazing down in contemplation. But the message below it is a positive one.

Picking up a camera was lifesaving for me, it showed me all the beautiful things in life after my life was falling apart, the caption reads. After losing a friend to deployment, two others to suicide and my partner of four years all in the span of six months. Im forever thankful for this new life and for the privilege of serving.

The arresting image is just one of many that Isaac Wright, a US Army veteran, captured as he explored buildings and bridges around the country as a way to treat his post-traumatic stress disorder. Now, his high-flying exploits have earned him criminal charges across the country and he could go to prison for 25 years.

Mr Wright was a paratrooper and chaplains assistant with the Army for six years, before retired in 2020 with an honorable discharge after an ankle injury.

His time in the armed services, while rewarding, often took a toll on him, as his job required supervising a hundreds of troops often suffering from serious mental health challengeseven as he had PTSD and depression himself. After leaving the Army last year, the pandemic made it hard for him to access psychotherapy treatments at a veterans hospital, and he soon turned to urban exploration as a way to calm his mind and find joy and fulfillment.

Using a small medical pension, he traveled around the country, using his wits and military training to scale buildings, bridges, and construction sites in New York, Texas, Michigan and Louisiana, racking up more than 20,000 Instagram followers for his striking aerial photos.

One day, however, after scaling the Great American Tower in Cincinnati, Ohio, and leaving a sticker with his Instagram handle, authorities began catching up with him, putting out a nationwide warrant for his arrest and warning that his military experience made him armed and volatile, when the reality was more like it made him depressed and seeking fulfillment.

In December, state troopers in Arizona shut down a highway to catch him, with more than 20 officers descending on his car with assault rifles, dogs, and a helicopter circling above. He came to find out he had also picked up criminal charges in Louisiana, Philadelphia, and Michigan, some including felonies for breaking into buildings to take photos, even though most urban explorers are fined or charged with low-level misdemeanors.

You could put me through years of therapy, give me all the meds in the world, and it would not help me the way that my art helps me, he told The New York Times, which first reported his story, adding, Not everything thats illegal is immoral. What if it is a victimless crime that is bringing something wonderful into the world and inspiring and helping people?

He has been offered a plea deal to avoid prison time if he pleads guilty to a felony, agrees to therapy, and ceases climbing, which he says he already has.

Police officials told the Times they took such a strong line against the veteran because of the extent of his activities and how dangerous they were.

The level of sophistication this guy is using and the magnitude of his crimes is pretty scary, captain Doug Wiesman of the Cincinnati police said. The pictures are beautiful, Im not going to deny that, but he leaves a wake of destruction.

In another post from this Friday, featuring in image atop the Queensborough Bridge in New York City amid a flurry of snow, Mr Wright vowed to fight the charges against him.

This fight is just beginning but we will get there, he said.

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More than 15m cigarettes confiscated in Northern Ireland – Belfast Telegraph

Posted: at 7:35 pm

More than 15m cigarettes and four and a halftonnes of tobacco have been seized in two separate operations.

f the smuggling attempts had not been detected, it would have cost the Treasury approximately 7.2m in unpaid duty and VAT, officials said.

In the first operation, Border Force officers detected 4.44 tonnes of tobacco that arrived into Northern Ireland from Germany. The container was shipped from Rotterdam to Belfast and was destined for an address in Co Down. The revenue and VAT evaded would have been approximately 1.44m.

In the second operation, 15,120,000 cigarettes were detected at Belfast Docks after two containers were examined after arriving from Vietnam via Rotterdam. The containers appeared to be wooden furniture and were destined for an address in Belfast. The revenue and VAT evaded would have been 5.8m.

Both seizures were referred to HMRC for investigation.

Justice Minister Naomi Long said: Revenue and VAT evasion are not victimless crimes: this is the money we use to pay for our health service, education and infrastructure being stolen to fund all manner of illegal activity.

Get quick and easy access to the latest Northern Ireland news, sport, business and opinion with the Belfast Telegraph App.

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Link between quantum mechanics and ballet – Times of Malta

Posted: at 7:34 pm

Many scientific facts can find their analogy in the art of dance. Is science truly objective and neutral, and art subjective? The indeterminacy prevailing in the results of measurements given by quantum mechanics can be seen as an adaptation of information visualised in our classical world.

A quantum measurement result depends on many parameters such as the measuring instrument, the interaction between the system with the environment, the observer and even possibly many other facts, but are almost impossible to explain rationally.

During a measurement, the superposition of states in which the system is found collapses into a classical result dependent on the observer. Before the actual performance, the dancer does not yet know the final result of their sequence: will they fall down or meet the gaze of another person in the middle of their dance? These are answered when the performance is completed, collapsing all choreographic possibilities into one reality.

The association between emotion and the famous Bloch Sphere will now be explored. We can represent the state of a qubit by any point belonging to the surface of a unit sphere, giving us infinite possibilities.

This is how we can perceive a dance; each emotion released by the dancer, or spectator, is established from such a large number of parameters, making it impossible to recreate exactly the same state of emotion at a different moment. It all depends on the sensitivity of each individual, the history and experiences, the dancers intention and the spectators interpretation of each of the distinctive movements.

The dancer-spectator entanglement is so unique that there are states of intricate emotions that can be created. The amount of dancers or spectators can be compared with the amount of entangled particles, the greater the amount, the more complex the performance by both systems.

We can also compare the permanent vibrations of microscopic-scale systems, or even the undulation of waves to the ebb and flow of dance. The Pauli exclusion principle, originating from the electronic configuration of atomic orbitals, reminds us that if we raise one leg in arabesque, then the other leg must necessarily be in the opposite state: it is touching the ground and keeping the balance. If we want to swap legs, then the other leg must return to the ground Except if you can levitate!

While only some links are explored here, both the quantum and ballet worlds are fascinating in their own way.

La Casse, Erasmus French physics student-ballerina

Quantum entanglement is a phenomenon where different systems depend on each other regardless of the distance between them.

One of the functions of cloud-based computing is the invocation of quantum simulators through the cloud providing access to quantum processing.

24 EU member states have committed to working together towards the development of a secure quantum communication infrastructure (EuroQCI).

In March 1935, EPR, Einstein, Podolsky and Rosen, introduced, on the basis of philosophical consideration, the notion of elements of reality.

In the notion of locality, the information is hidden inside each quantum system. This is called the local hidden variables theory.

For more trivia see: http://www.um.edu.mt/think

In London, a dancer and doctor named Merritt realised at the beginning of the pandemic that her only dance partner would be a cobot. Therefore, she created a remarkable and amazing performance with her robot partner. Have a look at this unconventional merger: https://youtu.be/uSOHc3ODLzU

Vortices create arbitrary configurations of polariton liquids and can be produced in bizarre fluids which are controlled by quantum mechanics, completely unlike normal liquids. The simulation results of such a phenomenon have a remarkably aesthetic side, similar to dance during a scenic performance involving make-up, costumes, lighting, etc The phase portraits of a double pendulum demonstrating quantum chaos, particle decay plates, the synthesis images of black holes or Higgs bosons present aesthetic and artistic visions.

https://www.universal-robots.com/blog/dancing-through-the-pandemic-how-a-quantum-physicist-taught-a-cobot-to-dance/?fbclid=IwAR0Km-RXiix7nnSnV9wEhNK6rgnrLNTa4lLDqRFcMxolar-NcN1d_Wp8_50

https://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2012-12/uoc-tdo120412.php

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Weird World of Quantum Black Holes May Be Radically Different from What Einstein Predicted and Lack Event H – The Daily Galaxy –Great Discoveries…

Posted: at 7:34 pm

According to Einsteins Theory of General Relativity, nothing can escape from the gravity of a black hole once it has passed a point of no return, known as the event horizon, explained Niayesh Afshordi, a physics and astronomy professor at Waterloo in 2020 about echoes in gravitational wave signals that hint that the event horizon of a black hole may be more complicated than scientists currently think based on research reporting the first tentative detection of these echoes, caused by a microscopic quantum fuzz that surrounds newly formed black holes.

Hawking Radiation

This was scientists understanding for a long time until Stephen Hawking used quantum mechanics to predict that quantum particles will slowly leak out of black holes, which we now call Hawking radiation, wrote Afshordi. According to Hawkings 1974 conjecture, if one takes quantum theory into account, black holes should glow slightly with Hawking radiation. According to quantum mechanics, pairs of virtual particles and antiparticles are constantly created and annihilated in normal space. But if a pair of virtual particles or photons is created just outside of the event horizon, one may fall into the black hole while the other escapes. To conserve mass and energy, the escape of a newly created particle or photon must be counteracted by a corresponding decrease in the mass of the black hole. Hence, black holes slowly evaporate due to Hawking radiation. The problem is, no astronomer has ever observed Hawkings mysterious radiation..

Hawking theorized that the universes gravitational behemoths, black holes, were not the dark stars astronomers imagined, but they spontaneously emitted light The problem is, no astronomer has ever observed Hawkings mysterious radiation.

The Echoes

Scientists have been unable to experimentally determine if any matter is escaping black holes until the very recent detection of gravitational waves, continued Afshordi. If the quantum fuzz responsible for Hawking radiation does exist around black holes, gravitational waves could bounce off of it, which would create smaller gravitational wave signals following the main gravitational collision event, similar to repeating echoes.

Afshordi and his coauthor Jahed Abedi from Max-Planck-Institut fr Gravitationsphysik in Germany, reported the first tentative findings of these repeating echoes, providing experimental evidence that black holes may lack truly inescapable event horizons, radically different from what Einsteins theory of relativity predicts.

They used gravitational wave data from the first observation of a neutron star collision, recorded by the LIGO/Virgo gravitational wave detectors.

Echoes Confirm Effects of Quantum Physics and Hawking Radiation

The echoes observed by Afshordi and Abedi match the simulated echoes predicted by models of black holes that account for the effects of quantum mechanics and Hawking radiation.

Our results are still tentative because there is a very small chance that what we see is due to random noise in the detectors, but this chance becomes less likely as we find more examples, said Afshordi. Now that scientists know what were looking for, we can look for more examples, and have a much more robust confirmation of these signals. Such a confirmation would be the first direct probe of the quantum structure of space-time.

In an email to The Daily Galaxy Afshordi wrote: If echoes are real, they certainly come in different flavors for different black hole merger events. It appears that some mergers show clear evidence for them, while most dont. We have a hypothesis that the more unequal mergers have louder echoes, which is roughly consistent with the handful of mergers that show evidence for loud echoes.

What is clear. he concluded his email, is that the search for black hole echoes remains one of the rare windows that we have to realistically probe Planck scale physics. That is why many more theoretical and observational studies of this phenomenon are ongoing.

The study, Echoes from the Abyss: A highly spinning black hole remnant for the binary neutron star merger GW170817, was published in the Journal of Cosmology and Astroparticle Physics in November, and was awarded the first place Buchalter Cosmology Prize this month.

Source: Jahed Abedi et al. Echoes from the abyss: a highly spinning black hole remnant for the binary neutron star merger GW170817, Journal of Cosmology and Astroparticle Physics (2019). DOI: 10.1088/1475-7516/2019/11/010

The Daily Galaxy, Maxwell Moe, astrophysicist, NASA Einstein Fellow, University of Arizona via University of Waterloo

Image credit: CCO Public Domain

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Weird World of Quantum Black Holes May Be Radically Different from What Einstein Predicted and Lack Event H - The Daily Galaxy --Great Discoveries...

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Spacetime Crystals: New Mathematical Formula May Solve Old Problem in Understanding the Fabric of the Universe – SciTechDaily

Posted: at 7:34 pm

A Penn State scientist studying crystal structures has developed a new mathematical formula that may solve a decades-old problem in understanding spacetime, the fabric of the universe proposed in Einsteins theories of relativity.

Relativity tells us space and time can mix to form a single entity called spacetime, which is four-dimensional: three space-axes and one time-axis, said Venkatraman Gopalan, professor of materials science and engineering and physics at Penn State. However, something about the time-axis sticks out like sore thumb.

For calculations to work within relativity, scientists must insert a negative sign on time values that they do not have to place on space values. Physicists have learned to work with the negative values, but it means that spacetime cannot be dealt with using traditional Euclidean geometry and instead must be viewed with the more complex hyperbolic geometry.

Gopalan developed a two-step mathematical approach that allows the differences between space and time to be blurred, removing the negative sign problem and serving as a bridge between the two geometries.

A diagram showing the process of creating renormalized blended spacetime. Penn State scientist Venkatraman Gopalan is studying crystal structures and has developed a new mathematical formula that may solve a decades-old problem in understanding spacetime, the fabric of the universe proposed in Einsteins theories of relativity. Credit: Hari Padmanabhan, Penn State

For more than 100 years, there has been an effort to put space and time on the same footing, Gopalan said. But that has really not happened because of this minus sign. This research removes that problem at least in special relativity. Space and time are truly on the same footing in this work. The paper, published on May 27, 2021, in the journal Acta Crystallographica A, is accompanied by a commentary in which two physicists write that Gopalans approach may hold the key to unifying quantum mechanics and gravity, two foundational fields of physics that are yet to be fully unified.

Gopalans idea of general relativistic spacetime crystals and how to obtain them is both powerful and broad, said Martin Bojowald, professor of physics at Penn State. This research, in part, presents a new approach to a problem in physics that has remained unresolved for decades.

In addition to providing a new approach to relate spacetime to traditional geometry, the research has implications for developing new structures with exotic properties, known as spacetime crystals.

Crystals contain repeating arrangement of atoms, and in recent years scientists have explored the concept of time crystals, in which the state of a material changes and repeats in time as well, like a dance. However, time is disconnected from space in those formulations. The method developed by Gopalan would allow for a new class of spacetime crystals to be explored, where space and time can mix.

These possibilities could usher in an entirely new class of metamaterials with exotic properties otherwise not available in nature, besides understanding the fundamental attributes of a number of dynamical systems, said Avadh Saxena, a physicist at Los Alamos National Laboratory.

Gopalans method involves blending two separate observations of the same event. Blending occurs when two observers exchange time coordinates but keep their own space coordinates. With an additional mathematical step called renormalization, this leads to renormalized blended spacetime.

Lets say I am on the ground and you are flying on the space station, and we both observe an event like a comet fly by, Gopalan said. You make your measurement of when and where you saw it, and I make mine of the same event, and then we compare notes. I then adopt your time measurement as my own, but I retain my original space measurement of the comet. You in turn adopt my time measurement as your own, but retain your own space measurement of the comet. From a mathematical point of view, if we do this blending of our measurements, the annoying minus sign goes away.

References:

Relativistic spacetime crystals by V. Gopalan, 27 May, Acta Crystallographica A.DOI: 10.1107/S2053273321003259

From crystal color symmetry to quantum spacetime by M. Bojowald and A. Saxena, 27 May, Acta Crystallographica A.DOI: 10.1107/S2053273321005234

The National Science Foundation funded this research.

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Spacetime Crystals: New Mathematical Formula May Solve Old Problem in Understanding the Fabric of the Universe - SciTechDaily

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