Monthly Archives: January 2020

In Tamil Nadu, Atheists Want To Consecrate A 1,000-Year-Old Temple With Slokas In Tamil Instead Of Sanskrit – Swarajya

Posted: January 25, 2020 at 2:24 pm

A controversy has broken out over the language of slokas that will be rendered during the consecration of the 1,000-year-old Sri Brihadeeswara Temple in Thanjavur, popularly known as the Big Temple, on 5 February this year.

Leading the pack in raking up the controversy is Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam (DMK), a party that propagates atheism. The partys president M K Stalin issued a statement last week demanding that the entire consecration of the temple be performed in Tamil.

Stating that the Sri Brihadeeswara Temple was a testimony of Dravidian architecture, he said the Thanjai Big Temple Rights Retrieval Committee wanted the consecration to be done in Tamil.

The committee is holding a meeting in Trichy in support of its demand on Wednesday (22 January).

Tamil Nadu Minister for Tamil, Art, Culture and Archaeology has been quoted by the media as saying that the consecration will be held in both Tamil and Sanskrit.

However, the Thanjai Big Temple Rights Retrieval Committee organiser P Maniarasan, hitting out at the minister, said his organisation has sent a letter to the state Chief Minister Edappadi K Palaniswami, demanding the event be held in Tamil.

Maniarasan said the committees demand has been supported by, apart from Stalin, Marumalarchi DMK founder Vaiko, Naam Tamilar Katchi founder Seeman and former HRCE minister V V Swaminathan.

Maniarasan is the founder of the Tamil National Movement, which espouses the cause of a separate Tamil nation. The organisation has been active in opposing the methane and hydro-carbon projects in Thanjavur.

The consecration of the Big Temple, constructed during the Chola rule, was last held almost 30 years ago, on 9 June 1997. The temple was maintained by Pandya, Naicker and Maratha empires before the Archaeological Survey of India took over its upkeep in 1922.

One of the initial reactions to the statements of leaders such as Stalin and Vaiko, both sworn atheists, is whether they would have the courage to suggest holding of prayers in Tamil in other religious places, particularly mosques.

On social media, some wondered why atheists should be bothered in which languages the slokas are rendered in temples.

Another wondered how the temple was consecrated by Raja Raja Chola, during whose period it was built.

Some wondered why consecrations during the DMK rule headed by the late Karunanidhi were not held in Tamil.

A few pointed out that Dravidianism was only half a century old and a couple of people remarked tongue-in-cheek if these atheists would come for the consecration and sport ash marks on their foreheads.

There were others who pointed out why people who spoke ill of temple architecture were concerned over the language of the slokas.

While the language controversy dodges the run-up to the consecration or kumbabishekam of the temple, the last time when it has held a fire broke out in a thatched shed resulting in the death of 48 people.

The Big Temple was constructed in 1010 AD during the reign of Raja Raja Chola. It is among the tallest in the world and showcases ancient Indias architecture.

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Tokyo 2020 Asia and Oceania boxing qualifier moved to Amman after virus outbreak – Insidethegames.biz

Posted: at 2:23 pm

The Asian and Oceania boxing qualifying event for this year's Olympic Games in Tokyo will now be held in Amman in Jordan, it was announced today.

It is due to take place from March 3 to 11, having originally been scheduled for Wuhan, China, from February 3 until 14.

However, it has been moved as a response to the coronavirus outbreak reported in the Chinese city.

The International Olympic Committee Boxing Task Force (BTF) confirmed the news, following the cancellation decision by the BTF and the Olympic Chinese Committee.

After a careful review, the BTF approved the proposal of the National Olympic Committee of Jordan (JOC), in order to confirm competition dates and location as soon as possible, in the best interest of the athletes involved.

Logistical and operational details will be shared with National Olympic Committees (NOC), National Federations and officials in the coming days.

The BTF also thanked all the NOCs that offered their support to reorganise the competition at such short notice.

The Asian Football Confederation moved one of its qualifiers for the women's tournament at Tokyo 2020 from Wuhan to Nanjing.

Group B of the third round of AFC Women's Olympic Qualification Tournament will not be held at the Jiangning Football Training Centre.

Currently, the official death toll for coronavirus victims stands at 26, with more than 830 confirmed cases.

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Tokyo 2020 Asia and Oceania boxing qualifier cancelled because of virus outbreak – Insidethegames.biz

Posted: at 2:23 pm

The Asia and Oceania boxing qualifier for Tokyo 2020 in Wuhan has been cancelled by local organisers because of the outbreak of a new coronavirus in the Chinese city.

In a statement, the International Olympic Committee (IOC) boxing task force confirmed the decision from organisers and said it would "work with the Chinese Olympic Committee and all partners to explore alternatives".

The event is set to be relocated either to another city or country.

"The IOC boxing task force noted todays decision of the Local Organising Committee to cancel the Asian/Oceanian Tokyo 2020 boxing qualifying event which was due to take place in Wuhan from 3-14 February 2020, amid growing concerns in relation to the coronavirus outbreak reported in the city," the task force said.

The decision came after the Asian Football Confederation (AFC) moved one of its qualifiers for the women's tournament at Tokyo 2020 from Wuhan to Nanjing amid concerns over the spread of the virus, which has killed 17 people.

The AFC said Group B of the third round of the AFC Women's Olympic Qualification Tournament would now be held at the Jiangning Football Training Centre.

The dates for the event remain unchanged and the four-team competition - featuring hosts China, Australia, Thailand and Chinese Taipei - will go ahead from February 3 to 9.

The decisions were taken amid growing concern over the spread of the virus after China confirmed it can be transmitted between humans.

According to Chinese authorities, there are now 540 confirmed cases and medical experts have warned the death toll could rise in the coming days.

Cases have been reported in other areas of China, as well as further afield in Thailand, South Korea and Japan, which is due to host the Olympic and Paralympic Games later this year.

According to reports, cases have also emerged in the United States and Mexico.

Chinese authorities have told people not to travel in or out of Wuhan amid the outbreak of the virus, believed to be a member of the same family as the deadly Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS) and Middle East Respiratory Syndrome (MERS).

The virus is the subject of an emergency World Health Organisation (WHO) committee meeting today, where the group is set to make a series of recommendations and determine whether or not the outbreak constitutes a "public health emergency of international concern".

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182-Day Cruise to Sail From San Francisco This Weekend – Cruzely.com

Posted: at 2:23 pm

Think of a cruise and you might picture a week island-hopping in the Caribbean.

What about a full 26 weeks half the entire year sailing around the world? Thats the trip that a lucky few are about to embark upon this weekend from San Francisco.

This sailing aboard Oceania Cruises Insignia departs on Sunday, January 26 from San Francisco. And while the cruise is scheduled to end in New York on July 25 (a full 182 days later), its whats in between that will make other travelers envious.

All told, the cruise will visit more than three dozen countries (and roughly 100 ports of call), ranging from Sri Lanka to Singapore. The trip begins in California, skipping down the coast of Mexico and South America. After a turn around the famous Cape Horn, the cruise continues up the east coast of South America, with stops in Argentina and Brazil before heading across the Atlantic to Africa.

From there the ship make stops in several African ports before crossing the Indian Ocean. India, Thailand, Hanoi, China, and Japan are all on the list of stops before a port of call in the remote Kamchatka Peninsula of Russia. (Note: there are about two weeks worth of stops in Japan alone.)

After that the ship will cross over to Alaska before dotting down the coast again, transiting the Panama Canal, and then back up the east coast of the United States to New York.

While most ports of call feature traditional stops during the day, this cruise does feature overnights calls on ports like Rio de Janeiro, Bangkok, Hong Kong, Tokyo, and more.

As mentioned, the cruise runs from January 26 through July 25, but the complete journey (a staggering 200 days!) actually departed Miami about two weeks ago.

The sailing is part of Oceanias lineup of around-the-world cruises, designed for travelers looking for something more than a short trip to the Bahamas or Caribbean.

The trips typically take place on smaller ships (the Insignia can carry only about 800 passengers; much less than the 6,000 carried by the largest cruise ships) and have a more luxurious atmosphere.

Be prepared to open your wallet if youre interested in a trip like this. Fares start at $38,999 per person for an inside stateroom. Those wanting to sail in the top-of-the-line Owners Suite at a generous 1,000 square feet would have to pony up $143,699.

With that youll get some nice amenities. Oceania includes Belgian chocolates each day and plush robes for all rooms. Book the Owners Suite and youll also get 24-hour butler service, an iPad to use on the ship, cashmere lap blankets, free shoe shining and your choice of daily printed newspapers.

You can see the full schedule of this 182-day cruise here.

Photo by Ivan T. Own work, CC BY-SA 3.0, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=16834381

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First promising, now indispensable: the top four fashion giants make 30% of their sales in Asia – MDS

Posted: at 2:23 pm

First it was a promising market. Then, it was a refugee when things went not so well in the Western countries. Now, Asia has become an indispensable destiny for fashion giants, with ashare that equals that of Latin America or Eastern Europe. Inditex, H&M, Fast Retailing and Gap make 30% of their total revenues in the region, and the share doesnt seem to be stopping.

The fourth largest fashion retailers in the group had an aggregated revenue of 88.5 billion dollars in 2018. Of them, over 25.7 billion dollars, or 29%, came from Asian markets, according to the most recent data published.

Naturally, Fast Retailing (that only communicates sales by region of Uniqlo) is the one with the largest share of sales in Asia and Oceania, nearly 69%, with sales of 1.6 trillion yen (14 billion dollars) in 2018.

Japan, its local market, is the largest by sales, with a revenue of 860 billion yen (7.8 billion dollars) in 2018. In Greater China, when it operates 768 stores, the company reached 440 billion (4 billion dollars) in sales.The company expects this market to suprass 1,000 stores by the end of August 2021 and hit one trillion yen in sales in the near future.

Uniqlo defines Southeast Asia and Oceania its new driver of growth. The company operates 213 stores in Thailand, Philipines, Malaysia, Singapore, Indonesia and Australia and last year landed in India and Vietnam. The group intends to double its sales in the region and reach 300 billion yen (2.7 million de yens) by 2022, helped by plans to continue opening new stores and also preparations for the dynamic growth of India and Vietnam in fall 2019, the company said in its annual report.

In the case of Inditex, sales in Asia and the rest of the world reached 6.7 billion dollas in 2018, about 23% of its total revenue. The first Asian market where the group landed was Malaysia, with the opening of three points of sale of Zara in 2003. Three years later, it entered China with seven stores.

Now, Inditex has 589 points of sale in Mainland China, most of them of Zara. In Hong Kong, it operates 35 stores. The company completed its landing in China in 2018 with the first opening of Uterqe. However, this region has stopped being the engine of the group and it reduced its share in total sales for the first time since 2003. In the rest of the region, Inditex is present in Taiwan, South Korea, Philipines, Thailand, Indonesia, New Zealand, Singapore and Vietnam.

H&M generates 15% of its sales in Asia and Oceania, with a revenue of 3.3 billion dollars in 2018. China is one of the largest markets for the group, with revenues of 1,1 billion dollars in 2018, up 13%. The company landed in the country in 2006 and has now over 530 stores, after opening 38 new points of sale in 2018. The company has also reinforced in the region with a partnership with Tmall, owned by giant Alibaba.

In the rest of Asia and Oceania, the group grew 7.9% in 2018. The company is present in South Korea, Singapore, Malaysia, Taiwan, the Philippines and Vietnam.

Finally, Gap generates only 7.4% of its sales in Asia, where it operates with both Old Navy and Gap.Gap first breached the Asian market in 2014, with its first store opening inGuangzhou, Hong Kong. According to the worldwide fashion retailers report, Gap Asia as of February 2019 holds 332 points of sale, in the continent. Its parent company Old Navy, which first entered the Asian market in the same period back in 2014, opened its first store in Shenzhen.

Gap opened 34 stores in Asia in 2018 and closed 15 stores decreasing the closing number in comparison to the previous year, which totaled 50 closures and 52 openings. As for Old Navy, the brand only opened one store from 2017 to 2018, totaling to 15 stores as of February 2019, according to the latest report of the Group. The American company ended the fiscal year of 2018 with a revenue of 16.6 billion dollars, up 5% than the previous year, which amounted to 15.9 billion dollars in 2017.

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Juggling and circus festivities for all – The Bay’s News First – SunLive

Posted: at 2:23 pm

One winning master-juggler will wing their way to Mexico after a competition next week in Katikati.

"These guys are beasts - we are talking about top New Zealand and Australia jugglers," says competition judge Jason Butler.

"Juggling three balls is hard enough, but these competitors will be juggling up to five clubs."

The International Juggling Association Oceania Competition is taking place on Thursday, January 30, in the Katikati War Memorial Hall as part of the 2020 NZ Juggling and Circus Festival.

Eight professional jugglers from across Oceania will battle it out, with the winner qualifying for the 2021 Juggling World Cup in Mexico.

Jason says the competition will showcase "world-class jugglers", although none of them are from the Bay of Plenty.

We are starting to get momentum in the Tauranga juggling scene, we dont have those kinds of jugglers yet.

Nonetheless, he encourages people to come along and witness the magic first-hand.

If you have seen juggling on TV, you havent seen juggling. In-person is a whole new ball game.

The Juggling and Circus Festival, which runs from January 30 to February 2, will include a range of workshops for eager beginners, such as juggling, acrobatics, aerial and circus.

Other events part of the festival will include a stage show, juggling combat, fire jam and circus Olympics.

Jason, who is also the festival host and a professional circus performer, says this annual event helps circus flourish among younger generations.

We are so supportive kids who have just learnt something new can perform it at the festival and the crowd will go wild. Thats because we know how hard it is and we want to support the next generation doing circus, he says.

He says the countrys circus industry is slowly growing due to world-class artists sharing their talents.

The industry is growing and what we are seeing is astonishing. So many are sharing their skills at gatherings around New Zealand.

This is helping younger generations get into it and with that our ability is starting to increase."

Jason says circus performances have the power to help people, simply by putting a smile on their faces.

The circus artist works with several New Zealand charities, doing performances across the country.

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Razer and Legacy Esports have partnered with Team Razer expanding further into Oceania – PowerUp!

Posted: at 2:22 pm

Razer and Legacy Esports have announced that they have entered into a partnership, extending Team Razers reach into Oceanic esports and providing Legacy with Razer products. Legacy Esports is one of the most successful organisations in Oceania and together with Razer will give the team top-tier gear to use when they compete.

The partnership will furnish not just Legacy Esports players but also content creators with Razers esports peripherals. This includes mice, headsets and keyboards.

Legacy Esports will also be involved with field-testing Razer products and giving feedback on in-development gear.

David Tse, Global Esports Director at Razer said;

Team Razer has been expanding our footprint to support esports teams across the globe. Now we are proud to extend our support to the Oceanic region.

Legacy Esports has proven to be a top notch esports team within Australia. We are inspired by their grit and perserverence to elevate esports within their region.

Legacy Esports, known previously as Avant Garde Ascension, was Avant Gardes League of Legends team. In 2014, they left Avant Garde and rebranded as Legacy Esports.

In 2017, the team expanded into Overwatch and were acquired by the Adelaide Crows. This marked the first foray by the AFL into esports. As of 2019, Legacy Esports has 30 players across four teams playing Fortnite, League of Legends, StarCraft II and Smash Bros.

Legacy Esports Head of Esports Tim Wendel said We look forward to working with Razer and using their top-tier products to take Legacy Esports to the next level.

We look forward to seeing what Razer and Legacy Esports can accomplish together.

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The global automotive axle and propeller market size in terms of value is estimated to be USD 29.5 billion in 2019, which is projected to grow to USD…

Posted: at 2:22 pm

New York, Jan. 23, 2020 (GLOBE NEWSWIRE) -- Reportlinker.com announces the release of the report "Automotive Axle & Propeller Shaft Market by Axle Type, Axle Position, Propeller Shaft Type, Passenger Car Propeller Shaft Material and Region - Global Forecast to 2025" - https://www.reportlinker.com/p04764444/?utm_source=GNW However, fluctuating raw material prices, as well as pricing pressure from automotive OEMs, are expected to be major challenges for axle and propeller shaft manufacturers.

Carbon fiber propeller shaft is the fastest growing segmentCarbon fiber composites are being used in automotive components owing to their structural advantages over their metallic counterparts.These include lower weight and higher strength, which are of vital importance to the OEMs.

The carbon-fiber propeller shaft is fitted mostly in the SUVs provided premium vehicle manufacturers.Mercedes-Benz, BMW, and Audi are prominent car manufacturers in the premium segment and have registered significant growth in recent years in their vehicle sales.

According to a Mercedes-Benz publication, the company sold nearly 2.3 million cars globally in 2017 with sales growing by 9.9% year-on-year basis. Further, as per the BMW press release, the companys sales grew by 4.2% between 2016 and 2017. Thus, the growth in premium vehicles sales is becoming an essential factor that will drive the carbon fiber propeller shaft market.

Live Axle is projected to lead the automotive axle market, by type, during the forecast periodLive axle is estimated to hold the largest share of the market during the forecast period between 2019 and 2025.Live axle drives the wheel connected to it along with supporting the weight of the car.

Increasing consumer preference towards SUVs and RWD passenger cars as well as consistent growth in overall vehicle production have triggered the growth of live axles market.The demand of RWD/AWD in the US, China, Japan, and European countries have shown significant growth in recent years, and the trend is expected to continue over the forecast period, thus, ultimately boosting the live axle demand for light-duty vehicles.

Additionally, the growth in the heavy vehicles, mainly in North America and Europe will propel the live axle demand in future.

Asia Oceania: The largest and second-fastest growing automotive axle & propeller shaft marketAsia Oceania is anticipated to be the fastest growing market for automotive axle & propeller shaft during the forecast period.The market growth can be attributed to the significant increase in the production of passenger cars and commercial vehicles in the region.

Further, with an increase in per capita income, China, Japan, and South Korea have witnessed a significant rise in premium vehicle sales and have emerged as lucrative markets for premium automotive OEMs.As Asia Oceania contributes to a considerable share of the global bus and truck production, trucks and buses hold the maximum percentage of automotive axle & propeller shaft market in 2018.According to OICA statistics, the share of heavy trucks and buses in Asia Oceania was estimated to be 75% and 76%, respectively in 2018.

Increasing infrastructure spending, rising import-export trade, and growth of e-commerce have driven the growth of the Asia Oceania market.With rising heavy vehicle production, the demand for axle and propeller shaft is expected to grow significantly, which in turn would push foreign suppliers to extend their presence in this region.

These factors together are expected to drive the automotive axle & propeller shaft in the region.

BREAKDOWN OF PRIMARIESThe study contains insights provided by various industry experts, ranging from equipment manufacturers, OEMs, and Tier-1 suppliers to regional associations members. The break-up of the primaries is as follows: By Company Type: Tier-1 59%, Tier-2 26%, OEM 15%, By Designation: C level 70%, D Level 20%, Others 10%, By Region: Europe 38%, Asia Oceania 31%, North America 21%, RoW 10%

The report provides detailed profiles of the following companies: ZF (Germany) Dana (US) GKN (UK) Meritor (US) American Axle & Manufacturing (US) Showa (Japan) Hyundai WIA (South Korea) JTEKT (Japan) Gestamp (Spain) IFA (Germany)

Research CoverageThe primary objective of the study is to define, describe, and forecast the automotive axle and propeller shaft market, by value and volume.The study segments the market by axle type (dead, live, and tandem), propeller shaft type (single piece and multi-piece), axle position (front and rear), passenger car propeller shaft by material (alloy and carbon fiber), and region (North America, Europe, Asia Oceania, and RoW).

The study tracks and analyzes competitive developments such as market share analysis, expansions, joint ventures, acquisitions, and other activities carried out by key industry participants.

Reasons for buying the report The study provides a qualitative and quantitative analysis of the automotive axle and propeller shaft market, in terms of volume (thousand units), and value (USD million) at country, and regional level The study provides a qualitative and quantitative analysis of the automotive axle and propeller shaft market, by volume and value, based on the axle type (dead, live, and tandem) at the regional level The study provides a qualitative and quantitative analysis of automotive axle and propeller shaft market, by volume, and value, based on the propeller shaft type (single piece and multipiece) at the regional level The study provides a qualitative and quantitative analysis of passenger car propeller shaft market, by volume and value, based on the material (alloy and carbon fiber) at the regional level The study provides a qualitative and quantitative analysis of the automotive axle and propeller shaft market, in terms of volume and value based on the axle position (front and rear) at the regional level The study provides a qualitative and quantitative analysis of volume and value of the market segments with respect to four regions namely North America, Europe, Asia Oceania, and RoW The study includes the profiles of the key ten companies and additional ten companies, which have a significant impact on the market, along with their financial structure, recent developments, and product portfolio The report covers the competitive landscape, which reflects the market share analysis of leading players along with the dominant strategy adopted by these stakeholders to retain their positionRead the full report: https://www.reportlinker.com/p04764444/?utm_source=GNW

About ReportlinkerReportLinker is an award-winning market research solution. Reportlinker finds and organizes the latest industry data so you get all the market research you need - instantly, in one place.

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ABAP proposes Olympic boxing qualifiers to be moved to PH – ABS-CBN News

Posted: at 2:22 pm

MANILA, Philippines -- The Association of Boxing Alliances in the Philippines (ABAP) is proposing for the country to host the Asia-Oceania qualifiers for the 2020 Tokyo Olympics given the threat posed by the deadly coronavirus.

The Asia-Oceania boxing qualifiers was originally set for February 3 in Wuhan, China, the epicenter of the coronavirus which has infected at least 200 Chinese who traveled in the area.

Organizers said they had decided to move the event from Wuhan in order to protect the health of those attending.

Philippine Olympic Committee (POC) president Abraham "Bambol Tolentino immediately supported the suggestion of the ABAP and has brought it up with the International Olympic Committee.

"We support ABAPs suggestion to transfer the tournament to the Philippines. The POC will endeavor to assist in whatever way it can, said Tolentino, a Cavite congressman who heads PhilCycling, the countrys governing body in the sport.

ABAP said it is worried about the virus' threat to Filipino boxers.

"The outbreak of a mysterious coronavirus strain is alarming and we appeal to the IOC to seriously consider transferring the venue city and the dates of the tournament, said Tolentino.

"The danger posed by possible contamination is highly risky and we cannot afford to expose not only our delegation, but others as well, he added.

The virus has also reached Japan, Thailand and South Korea with four people hospitalized after visiting Wuhan.

As the number of cases soar, the WHO said it would consider declaring an international public health emergency over the outbreak.

Eight boxers are scheduled to compete in the Asia-Oceania qualifiers to book a ticket to the Tokyo Olympics, according to ABAP secretary general Ed Picson.

Picson explained that six Olympic spots are up for grabs in the mens 52kg, 57kg, 63kg and womens 51kg divisions with a semifinal appearance assured of a ticket to Tokyo.

The fifth and sixth Olympic slots will go to the boxers who lost in the quarterfinals to the eventual gold and silver medalists.

It will be a tight bout between Rio de Janeiro Olympian Rogen Ladon and Carlo Paalam who will represent the country in 52kg during the Asia-Oceania qualifying meet, while the 63kg division will be a tossup between James Palicte and newcomer Samuel Jeri Dela Cruz.

Clark Bautista (57kg), Marjon Pianar (69kg) and Eumir Marcial (75kg) will carry the national colors in their respective weight classes, while Irish Magno (51kg), world champion Nesthy Petecio (57kg) and former wushu fighter Hergie Bacyadan (69kg) will be the countrys bets in the womens side.

(For more sports coverage, visit the ABS-CBN Sports website.)

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How to Invest in Cloud Stocks – Motley Fool

Posted: at 2:21 pm

The rise of the cloud has been one of the best investment themes of the last decade. What started out as little more than a buzzword among techies has grown into a massive industry, hauling in hundreds of billions of dollars a year worldwide. A quick look at the First Trust Cloud Computing ETF (NASDAQ:SKYY), which tracks an index focused on the accelerating cloud computing industry, shows that cloud stocks are collectively up 200% since the fund's inception in July 2011.

In spite of their fast rise, though, cloud stocks will likely continue as a prominent driver of investment returns in the next decade, serving as a key ingredient in the "digital transformation" of many organizations as they update operations for the 21st century. This guide will help get you started selecting the best of the many dozens of pure-play cloud companies available to invest in.

Image source: Getty Images.

So what is this high-in-the-sky technology term actually referring to? In simple terms, the cloud is a global network of data centers. These remote servers are used to deliver a service or complete a task for a user via the internet or other network. Functions of these data centers are diverse: They store data, run applications like email and business software, operate social networks, and deliver services like streaming TV. Generally, there are four methods by which the cloud is delivered to end users.

Organizations are making use of the cloud in myriad ways, but no matter the type of data center, all of them are still on the rise after a decade of busy construction activity.

The concept of services being stored remotely and available on demand is nearly as old as the concept of the internet itself, but it wasn't until the 1990s that the term "cloud" actually came into use in the tech world. An early pioneer of the concept was salesforce.com (NYSE:CRM), which was founded in 1999 and was the first software application developed from scratch to run in the cloud. In 2002, Amazon (NASDAQ:AMZN) quietly launched its cloud service, dubbed Amazon Web Services, or AWS. The e-tailer hit on the concept of renting out its excess computing power to businesses and quickly became a leader in the cloud movement as a result.

Since the late 2000s, a flood of cloud businesses has come online. However, the marketplace is dominated by several big players, such as Amazon's AWS, Microsoft's (NASDAQ:MSFT) Azure, IBM's (NYSE:IBM) Cloud, and Alphabet's (NASDAQ:GOOGL) (NASDAQ:GOOG) Google Cloud. Across the Pacific, Alibaba (NYSE:BABA) and Tencent (OTC:TCEHY) are leading the charge in China's fast-growing cloud industry and are also an important part of the conversation.

Just like different layers of the atmosphere, there are layers to the cloud, too. Generally, cloud services are split into three tiers. Some companies offer just one tier of service, while larger companies often span two or all three.

The first tier and the base for all cloud offerings is infrastructure-as-a-service (IaaS). IaaS provides the nuts and bolts for a business wanting to operate in the cloud. An IaaS provider offers the actual server space for storage, computing, networking, and security. Notable IaaS companies include Amazon, Microsoft, Google, IBM, and VMware (NYSE:VMW). Companies that don't operate their own cloud infrastructure host their services on another company's IaaS.

Many tech companies tout their software "platforms." Sometimes this is a generic term for their overall suite of software, but as it pertains to the cloud, a platform-as-a-service (PaaS) enables software developers to build, manage, and deploy applications. PaaS is built on top of an IaaS service, and many of the abovementioned IaaS providers also operate as a PaaS as well. Some software providers, like Salesforce for example, offer a PaaS in addition to SaaS (see below), as they allow developers to custom build apps using a set of tools. Another notable example of a PaaS is communications company Twilio (NYSE:TWLO).

Built on top of IaaS and PaaS is the end result of the cloud, the applications themselves. Companies that operate and sell software applications are known as software-as-a-service (SaaS) providers. SaaS outfits build and provide ready-to-use apps for a wide variety of both business and consumer tasks. Often the most visible part of the cloud to everyday consumers, notable SaaS apps many people run daily are Netflix and Spotify (NYSE:SPOT) for entertainment and Microsoft Office 365 and Salesforce on the business productivity end of the spectrum.

The cloud has grown to epic proportions in relatively short order and has become a driving force behind technological advancement. According to researcher Gartner (NYSE:IT), global public cloud spending should come in around $266 billion in 2020, up from $228 billion in 2019. When considering the entire realm of cloud computing, research from Statista and CenturyLink (NYSE:CTL) expects general global cloud spending to top $400 billion in 2020.

Digital transformation -- a phrase describing the wave of businesses and organizations using data center-based computing to update their operations -- is expected to fuel double-digit growth in cloud spending for the foreseeable future. Gartner's report expects global spending to increase by 13% a year in both 2021 and 2022. Fellow researcher IDC thinks spending will more than double by 2023 and top $500 billion.

Image source: Getty Images.

Business analysts and economists generally think the 2010s were the first half of the cloud's development and that the 2020s will be phase two of the computing concepts' rapid global deployment.

As it gets bigger, though, it is playing a role in the advance of other technologies. Edge computing, for example, is the move to push computing from the cloud to locations closer to the end user -- either at smaller localized data centers or within devices themselves. Edge computing is quickly becoming a new category for cloud providers as they try to speed up the computing and data delivery process and is on its way to being worth tens of billions of dollars a year. The cloud is also powering applications like artificial intelligence as businesses use data centers to train and then deploy AI-based systems. Over the next decade, these could be powerful investment trends to watch that the cloud is making possible behind the scenes.

For those who want a comprehensive cloud portfolio, IaaS and PaaS providers are the place to start. Incidentally, even though IaaS and PaaS are already covered by some of the largest stocks around -- Microsoft, Amazon, Alphabet's Google, Alibaba, even Facebook (NASDAQ:FB) and its PaaS for advertisers -- these building blocks for cloud-based services are expected to be the fastest-growing segments of the cloud. Gartner expects annual IaaS and PaaS spending, which came in at $40 billion and $32 billion, respectively, to nearly double by the end of 2022. As large, diversified tech giants, these companies can make up the core of an investment portfolio.

Not to be forgotten, though, are the hardware companies that make cloud infrastructure and platform services possible. Hardware must exist before applications can be built. Arista Networks and NVIDIA are two of the largest companies in this space, but investors who want to broaden their search even further should look for companies categorized as "network hardware, storage, and peripherals." The best bets will have business segments labeled as "cloud" or "data center" revenue, with those segments at least keeping up with the double-digit average growth forecast.

Now on to the software itself. SaaS is the largest portion of the cloud pie, making up nearly half of annual spending in 2019 per Gartner. As the largest chunk, it is also, on average, the slowest-growing segment, expected to "only" increase 50% by 2022 and top $150 billion a year.

Within this massive subset of the industry, though, are an overwhelming number of options. For every nontech company, there is a SaaS that can help (or disrupt) the industry -- from retail to finance to healthcare. Here are a few examples by sector.

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There is no shortage of cloud stocks to choose from, but choosing which ones to own is the real trick. For the well-established, large, and profitable cloud companies, traditional valuation metrics still apply. For smaller firms operating at little or negative profitability, some business and revenue growth metrics are the best indicators to consult.

Many investors look at price-to-earnings multiples (the stock price divided by earnings per share from the last 12 months) when selecting a stock, but that metric only tells part of the story. In the high-growth cloud computing industry, the PEG ratio can be more helpful, as it accounts for elevated price-to-earnings multiples by comparing to expected growth rates.

Another profitability metric to weigh is price to free cash flow. Free cash flow is revenue minus cash operating expenses and capital expenditures. Unlike basic earnings, free cash flow excludes noncash items like depreciation, amortization, and stock-based compensation and thus provides a clearer picture of a company's true profitability profile. For example, Salesforce currently has a sky-high price-to-earnings ratio of 173.8, but price to free cash flow values it at 39.6. Using price to free cash flow makes quite the difference here and would indicate Salesforce isn't all that bad a deal for a company that has consistently been able to grow over 20% year-in and year-out.

Traditional methods of valuing a stock often break down when evaluating the cloud industry -- especially the fastest-growing SaaS providers. When a company is expanding fast and sees ample opportunity ahead, profits are often foregone in lieu of reinvestment for rapid growth.

Fortunately, business growth metrics provide an alternative method. Growth in total users or customers can be telling. Is customer count accelerating? Then quickly rising expenses might be an acceptable situation. Is customer count decelerating? If so, expense growth should also be falling.

Another key component is the dollar-based net expansion rate, sometimes called the revenue retention rate. This metric shows investors how much money the average existing customer is spending on a cloud service. A rate of less than 100% implies the average customer is spending less than a year ago (not good), while greater than 100% implies they are spending more. If customer count is decelerating, a dollar-based net expansion rate over 100% means a cloud company can afford to add customers at a slower pace. For example, cloud communications firm Twilio reported dollar-based net expansion of 132% in Q3 2019, implying existing customer spending jumped an impressive 32% higher compared to the year prior.

All of those business metrics ultimately feed into revenue, the headline figure that investors watch when it comes to the cloud. Increased revenue, however, is only good if it translates into increased profits -- or at least the promise of an eventual bottom-line payoff.

Whatever your findings may be when searching for high-growth cloud companies, it's important to remember that stocks such as these tend to be very volatile -- both up and down. Therefore, diversify your holdings, keep individual positions small, and add to them periodically -- monthly, quarterly, or on the dips, perhaps whenever a stock dips by a certain percentage (like 10% from recent highs). Consistency is key, as is some patience with small companies that are in expansion mode and tend to bounce around a lot in value.

Above all, remember that investing in the cloud is all about the long game, whether the companies owned are large or small. The industry has had a lot of success, and there's plenty more to come. The 2020s should provide more strong returns for the cloud, so don't get too hung up on what happens in the short term, and remember that investing results play out over years -- not days, months, and quarters.

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How to Invest in Cloud Stocks - Motley Fool

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