Monthly Archives: July 2017

The moped menace: how the scooter became muggers’ vehicle of choice – The Guardian

Posted: July 23, 2017 at 1:38 am

A scooter gang armed with hammers spotted near BBC studios in London in May. Photograph: MEGA

From her office window, Elizabeth ONeill could see young men on scooters prowling for victims almost every day. Youd see people waiting at bus stops staring at their phones as these lads were about to snatch them, she said. Youd think dont do it, put your phone away. And then it happened to me.

ONeill, a charity worker, was waiting for a bus looking at my phone, figuring out where I was going. It was all over very quickly. Two lads on a moped snatched it out of my hand and rode off. I felt really stupid.

There was just the realisation Oh my God, how do I get home my card is in my phone? And how could I contact anyone to tell them whats happened?

Over the past two years, scooters and mopeds have become the vehicles of choice for mobile phone robberies, bag snatches and even acid attacks.

The increase has been dramatic. In the 12 months to June 2017, the Metropolitan police recorded 16,158 thefts by people using mopeds more than three times as many as the 5,145 reported between July 2015 and June 2016. Violent crime rose sharply last year: the latest figures from the Office of National Statistics show an 18% increase in offences against the person.

The thousands of victims include Martin Lewis, founder of MoneySavingExpert.com, while Daniel Radcliffe, the Harry Potter actor, helped a tourist whose face was slashed by muggers stealing his bag. Five people were sprayed with acid by two people on mopeds earlier this month, including a food delivery rider, Jabed Hussain, whose scooter was stolen. On Thursday, Hussain led a protest alongside drivers for Deliveroo and UberEats outside parliament demanding action. They held up a banner saying Stop acid attacks, bike theft, motorcycle crime.

So how did the moped become a menace? Supt Mark Payne runs Operation Venice, the Mets response to moped, scooter and motorcycle crime. He says there are two reasons for the explosion in scooter robberies: the motive created by a growing secondhand market in mobile phones, and the opportunity to steal scooters.

The method used by the moped muggers is simple. First they steal a scooter. They put on balaclavas and helmets. Then two people, one riding pillion, cruise around high streets, looking for people at bus stops, coming out of railway stations, or walking down the road looking at their phone. After spotting a victim, they mount the pavement. The passenger swipes a phone or bag and they speed away. Whats really changed is the method, Payne said. In the past it was done on foot or with bicycles. What theyve caught on to is that mopeds and scooters are just really easy to steal.

Most scooters are stolen simply by grabbing the handle bars and twisting them to break the steering lock, Payne said. They just wheel it away. Maybe theyll leave it for a few hours to see if there is a tracker, and someone comes to find it. Otherwise theyll open it up, take out the ignition barrel, cross the wires and theyre away.

In the past 12 months, 14,943 scooters and motorcycles were stolen, up from 11,511. Payne compares scooters to Ford Cortinas in the 1990s, which were notoriously easy to take. The car industry responded, under consumer pressure, by fitting immobilisers as standard. Cheap mopeds have little protection other than the steering lock. Like bicycles, they need to be chained to steel posts something the Met has been emphasising in its Be Safe campaign focusing on thefts of scooters and mobile phones.

Yet according to the Motorcycle Crime Reduction Group, a cross-industry body which advises the Home Office, few riders bother. The MCRG conducted a survey of the security of 193 two-wheelers parked in London earlier this year. Just over half 50.4% of scooters were parked without any locks at all. Of those with a chain or lock, only 15% were attached to a metal ground anchor point.

Kevin Howells, the chairman of the MCRG, said they were shocked by the results. In some parking bays youve got 30 bikes taking up those spaces and no ones locked their bike to the street furniture, he said. Its easy pickings. Maybe there should be some legislation so that people are penalised. If youre not going to lock your bike up, that one crime could result in 10 more crimes up the road.

Making scooters harder to steal might reduce opportunity, but the lure of valuable secondhand phones remains strong. Five or six years ago, the police did a lot of work with the mobile phone companies, in particular with Apple, and got security put on the phones, Payne said. The security measures, including the ability to lock a phone remotely, saw the value of stolen phones plunge. The market has since revived, Payne said, because of demand for secondhand parts such as screens, cases and batteries.

Research by Catch 22, a charity which works with former gang members, indicates that the moped muggers can make 300 in a few minutes.

People weve spoken to see this as almost as a victimless crime and they dont believe the police care about it, Catch 22 director Beth Murray said. Its done by 14 or 15-year-olds who are proving themselves. They stick to their own patch because they know the streets, or theyll go to the West End because there will be more tourists and richer people with better phones.

The robbers either give the phones to their friends or sell them at corner shops. If they steal five or six phones and get 50 for each one its a really easy way to make money.

Although they hope to intimidate people into giving up their phones without a fight, by wearing scary-looking helmets and dressing in black, they dont seem to understand the harm they cause to their victims.

They have some strange ideas, Murray said. They think people can just get a better phone the next day on their insurance. They see it as an alternative to burglary. If they get caught they only get charged with one offence rather than two, for breaking and entering, and theft. The punishment is lower it seems like a risk-free way of making money to them.

Police efforts to catch the criminals focus on CCTV and DNA evidence, according to Payne. Fingerprints and DNA are often left on internal parts of scooters which are not usually touched, while partial CCTV images can be pieced together.

Pursuit of suspects is a more difficult topic. Payne simply says that the Met follows national police guidelines on pursuits, which involves making a dynamic risk assessment of whether the suspect or the public might be injured during a chase.

In December 2014, an 18-year-old carpenter from Islington, Henry Hicks, died when his moped crashed while being pursued by police, and the Independent Police Complaints Commission decided that four officers should face gross misconduct charges.

Ken Marsh, the chairman of the Metropolitan Police Federation, said: My colleagues are sick to the back teeth of this. We want to catch criminals, but when you have two young males on a moped, one of them taking their crash helmet off, thats the end of the chase.

When youre out there in the field and that happens, and said chummy falls off said moped, we are hauled through the coals. Youre suspended, your life is just put on hold.

We need a change in the governments view on it and we need protection. Were not asking for carte blanche to run people over. We want an increase in the penalty five years if youre caught on a stolen moped. These crimes are horrific but we feel as though theyve got immunity. We want to see clear guidelines saying that no action will be taken against an officer who pursues someone who is not wearing a crash helmet.

In the meantime, the moped muggers wont be going away while the sun shines. The snatches usually happen between mid-afternoon and dusk, Payne said. More people use mopeds to commute in summer, and criminals wont do it so much in winter. Its a summertime crime.

Moped-enabled thefts reported to the Metropolitan police

1 July 2015 to 30 June 2016: 5,145

1 July 2016 to 30 June 2017: 16,158

Thefts of two-wheeled vehicles reported to Metropolitan police

1 July 2015 to 30 June 2016: 11,511

1 July 2016 to 30 June 2017: 14,943

Attempted snatch thefts in England andWales

April 2015 to March 2016: 123,000

April 2016 to March 2017: 135,000

ONS Crime Survey of England and Wales; Metropolitan police

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The moped menace: how the scooter became muggers' vehicle of choice - The Guardian

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Jurors have power to judge evidence and the law itself – The Wilson Times (subscription)

Posted: at 1:38 am

The most powerful people in the criminal justice system dont sport black robes or wield gavels. Nor do they carry the tattered briefcase of the trial lawyer or wear the bailiffs badge and gun.

They arent elected or appointed. They dont seek their position of prominence in fact, its a stand-up comedy canard that some take great pains to avoid it by inventing improbable excuses.

Jurors determine a defendants guilt or innocence, and juries of 12 must be in unanimous agreement to convict or acquit. A lone jurors disagreement can deadlock deliberations and force a mistrial.

Thats a solemn responsibility and a great deal of power, and its entrusted to ordinary citizens men and women, white, black and Hispanic, young professionals, middle-aged parents and retirees. Our friends. Our neighbors. Ourselves.

The N.C. Supreme Court has designated July as Juror Appreciation Month in recognition of the burden and privilege jury service represents. The Sixth Amendment of the U.S. Constitution and Article I of the North Carolina Constitution recognize criminal defendants right to be tried by a jury of their peers, a practice derived from English common law.

A ceremonial proclamation from the states highest court is a classy gesture, but until North Carolina commits to informing jurors of their nullification rights, its little more than lip service.

In the instructions given prior to deliberation, judges tell jurors theyre legally required to apply the law as its explained to them. If jurors believe the state proved its case beyond a reasonable doubt and that a defendant has broken the law, judges say they have a duty to convict.

Those directives obscure the long history of jury nullification, which occurs when jurors judge the law along with the facts of the case. If juries believe a person has broken an unjust or unnecessary law, they can refuse to return a conviction.

Nullification can be used for noble purposes in the days of the Underground Railroad, Northern juries acquitted those charged with helping slaves flee from their masters in violation of federal law. It can also reflect popular prejudice in the Jim Crow era, white juries were known to set suspects free after lynchings and beatings of African-Americans.

If the jury feels that the law under which the defendant is accused is unjust, or that exigent circumstances justified the actions of the accused, or for any reason which appeals to their logic or passion, the jury has the power to acquit, and the courts must abide by that decision, the 4th U.S. Circuit Court of Appeals acknowledged in the 1969 case U.S. v. Moylan.

While the 4th Circuit whose decisions are binding on North Carolina made that clear, its ruling in the Moylan case also states that judges should not inform jurors of their right to nullify, fearing the far-reaching consequences of jury panels unmoored from statutory strictures.

Activist groups like the Fully Informed Jury Association believe nullification should be used to prevent punishment for victimless crimes. Its been successfully deployed in marijuana possession cases, as polls show a majority of Americans now support the legalization of cannabis.

The Tenth Amendment Center, which believes the federal government has encroached on powers the Constitution reserves for states and individual citizens, calls nullification a vital tool in defense of liberty.

While we acknowledge that juries dont always reach the right conclusion, we put more faith in the wisdom and understanding of our fellow citizens in the jury box than in the supposed inerrancy and infallibility of the law books.

Nullification might already be a subconscious factor in many jurors minds. But forceful instructions from presiding judges that require strict adherence to the law can intimidate jurors and deter them from exercising their common-law right to nullify.

North Carolina courts should tell jurors the truth about the power they wield for better or for worse.

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Jurors have power to judge evidence and the law itself - The Wilson Times (subscription)

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Humans of FreedomFest, Part 4: "My father used…’libertarian’ as a swear word." – Reason (blog)

Posted: at 1:37 am

Editor's note: FreedomFest, held every July in Las Vegas, is the largest annual gathering of libertarians in the country. Today is the first day of the four-day long conference, which is being headlined in its 10th year by William Shatner, John Stossel, Greg Gutfeld, and others. Taking inspiration from the site Humans of New York, Reason is happy to offer Humans of FreedomFest, a series of portraits and brief interviews with various attendees. To read previous installments, go here.

Sarah Siskind, Reason

"My father used the word 'libertarian' as a swear word. 'Oh that's libertarian'... But I was a marxist at the time so I thought, well that's not something I should be. It took me a long time to get over that. I was an anarchist to begin with when I was 15. Then I was a socialist, kind of a Joan Baez socialist. I played the guitar... I know more socialist songs than my socialist colleagues. I wasn't a scholarly Marxist. I read half the Communist Manifesto and I figured that was enough. But the songs were terrific."

Sarah Siskind

"Because I'm pro-choice, among the Republicans sometimes I get into trouble. But I'm a physician. So I leave it to the patient to decide what they want. My feeling, being pro-choice, is that it's a woman's individual decision. Not mine."

"Back in England, at the London School of Economics, he was a socialist when I met him. When we first met."

So did you turn him into a libertarian?

"No. Buying private property, having rent control slammed on us, is what radicalized us."

...Who are you people?

"We can't decide."

Are those your real names?

"We're coming to a conference on privacy. It would be crazy to register in your own name!"

...Can I take your picture?

Both: "No."

This is part of a series. Read previous installments here.

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Humans of FreedomFest, Part 4: "My father used...'libertarian' as a swear word." - Reason (blog)

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Libertarian group seeks expansion into Rogers County – Claremore Daily Progress

Posted: at 1:37 am

While Rogers County residents may be familiar with the various political party groups that exist within the county, a fledgling political group is hoping to make inroads into Claremore the Northeast Oklahoma Libertarian Party.

Formed earlier this year, the Tulsa-based NEOLP is a group of like-minded Oklahomans who are seeking to gain interest in their philosophies and ideas as an alternative to the traditional two party system.

NEOLP Vice-Chairman Lee Miller of Tulsa explains the groups origins:

In the last presidential election, when (Libertarian candidate) Gary Johnson got more than two and a half percent of the votes (in Oklahoma), that gave the Libertarian party automatic status as an official party in the state, and in response to this, the Northeast Oklahoma Libertarian Party was created, Miller said. The group was formed in April and weve been gaining momentum ever since as people have learned more about us, who we are, what our core ideas are, etc.

Currently, were based in Tulsa, but were wanting to expand, to grow and were hoping to be able to do so in Claremore, to form a smaller, regional group there, he said. Were hoping to inform and educate people in Claremore and Rogers County about the (Libertarian) party to give them another choice besides just Democrat or Republican.

As to Libertarian positions, Miller said the party is less a group of positions than it is a philosophy and set of values, a moral principle of self-ownership, which oftentimes can be misunderstood by those who subscribe to the standard two-party system.

I think the struggle with the party is often that its misunderstood its more of a philosophy, a way of thinking about our rights as citizens in some ways, its more Republican, in other ways, its more Democratic, he said. These misunderstandings (about the party) are simply from people not being informed about what we stand for.

Miller encapsulated the partys key believes in three philosophies:

Firstly, the party is about non-aggression were not going to initiate aggression against another person because of their beliefs, he said. As a party, most of our members are pro-gun, but that doesnt mean its a party of aggression its a party of individual rights and duties.

Secondly, we focus on personal responsibility, he continued. When we make choices in life, there are consequences good choices lead to good consequences, and bad choices lead to bad consequences, and as individuals, those consequences for our actions and choices are ours and ours alone as individuals.

And lastly, were strong proponents of property rights, he said. Whatever you make and can produce, the fruits of your labor whether thats a job you do that earns you a wage or what you can grow out of the ground you should be able to determine what should be done with that. Currently, when we produce something, the government immediately takes a large percentage of it and frequently, theyll take even more again when its time to pay taxes. We feel the individual should have the right the liberty to determine how to distribute what he or she can produce.

What Miller said the group is seeking in Claremore are individuals who want to learn more about the party and to become involved in the groups operations.

There are 800 registered Libertarians in Oklahoma, but right now, the Northeast Oklahoma Libertarian Party group isnt a dues-paying organization, so were not sure how large our membership is, he said. Were wanting to become more-organized, educate the public more, and to be more known for our core values.

Persons interested in learning more about the NEOLP may contact Miller at 918-949-1484 or those wishing to learn more about the Libertarian party may visit the Oklahoma group online at http://www.oklp.org.

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Libertarian group seeks expansion into Rogers County - Claremore Daily Progress

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Liberal reform voting system crashes – NEWS.com.au

Posted: at 1:36 am

NSW Premier Gladys Berejiklian expects a "robust and at times heated" debate at a Liberal Party reform convention in Sydney on Sunday.

Malcolm Turnbull has urged the convention to back changes to party rules which would ensure grassroots members have a greater say on candidates and policy.

Ms Berejiklian has also thrown her weight behind the idea of plebiscites to select candidates for state and federal seats, but said she understood members had different ideas as to how this could be achieved.

"I know that this issue ... will be robust and at times heated, but that is a good thing, that is normal for a healthy thriving organisation," she told the convention on Saturday.

Mr Turnbull says plebiscites are a "fundamental element of party democracy" and will help boost party membership and motivate members to be more active.

Former prime minister Tony Abbott says the convention should pass a set of motions proposed by his Warringah federal electorate conference, which would ensure sitting members can be challenged under the plebiscite system and members would need to be signed up for two years before they can vote.

However, Mr Turnbull's moderate faction is working with members of the "soft right" on alternatives to Mr Abbott's motions - including a longer timeframe for members to wait and the protection of sitting members from the new rules.

Mr Abbott says those who oppose his "one member one vote" motions are advocating "fake democracy".

It is expected some disgruntled conservative party members could quit the Liberals if the reforms don't go far enough.

But the former prime minister said his message to those people was "stay and fight".

Liberal president Nick Greiner told the convention it would be "unfortunate" if the party steered away from it being a "broad church", incorporating both moderate and conservative wings.

He said he had noticed in recent times some "lack of civility" in the party and urged all members to advocate with passion but do so in a respectful way.

The final result of the convention will go to the NSW Liberals state director and president, who will prepare the party's modernisation plan to go before a future NSW state council meeting for endorsement later in the year.

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Anthony Scaramucci’s old tweets reveal liberal views on climate, abortion, gay rights, border wall – Washington Examiner

Posted: at 1:36 am

Old tweets from incoming White House communications director Anthony Scaramucci show that he embraced some liberal policy stances in the last few years, just as President Trump did before he committed to running as a Republican.

"I am not a partisan just practical. I voted for Clinton and Obama," Scaramucci wrote on Twitter in November 2011.

In 2012, Scaramucci reacted to the Sandy Hook Elementary School shootings with a call for gun control.

"I have always been for strong gun control laws," Scaramucci wrote in December 2012.

Earlier that year, he wrote, "We (the USA) has 5% of the world's population but 50% of the world's guns. Enough is enough. It is just common sense it apply more controls."

The 53-year-old Long Island native also urged conservatives to embrace gay marriage and rights in 2012.

"Republicans should support Gay marriage," he tweeted.

Unlike his new boss, Scaramucci believes the climate is changing.

"You can take steps to combat climate change without crippling the economy. The fact many people still believe CC is a hoax is disheartening," he wrote in March 2016, weeks after the GOP primaries started.

But Scaramucci's most recent critique of Trump occurred during the 2016 campaign. In a December 2015 tweet, Scaramucci lambasted Trump's campaign pledge for a wall at the U.S.-Mexico border.

"Walls don't work," he wrote. "Never have never will."

Trump on Saturday seemed to forgive Scaramucci for not adopting his policies early on in the 2016 election, and said Scaramucci backed different candidates before he knew Trump was running.

"In all fairness to Anthony Scaramucci, he wanted to endorse me 1st, before the Republican Primaries started, but didn't think I was running!" Trump wrote on Twitter Saturday morning.

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Harvard Law Professor: ‘White Liberal College Graduates’ Are ‘the Least Tolerant’ – Breitbart News

Posted: at 1:36 am

A recent survey by the Pew Research Center found that 35 percent of Democrats believed that a friends vote for Donald Trump would strain their relationship. Among white Democrats, the figure is even higher, with 40 percent saying that they would have trouble maintaining a friendship with someone who supported Trump. Nearly half (47 percent) of those who described themselves as liberal Democrats said their friendship would suffer with someone who favored Trump.

By contrast, the share of Republicans who say that a friends vote for Hillary Clinton would strain their relationship was a mere 13 percent, just over a third the number of Democrats who say that a friends vote for Trump would do the same:

With these data in hand, Vermeule, who is the Ralph S. Tyler professor of Constitutional Law at Harvard Law School, tweeted that, indeed, white liberal college graduates are the least tolerant in society, highlighting the three categories most radically affected by a persons contrary political ideas:

In a Twitter conversation that ensued, Vermeule suggested that on average Democrats and Republicans look at politics differently, which explains its differing effects on ones personal life and relationships.

Liberalism, he stated, makes an idol of politics, and thus, political dissent is looked upon as heresy. In the case of conservatives, however, politics plays a different role. The data show that Republicans are more politically tolerant, he said, because politics isnt as likely to be an idol, on average.

In other words, Republicans tend to be more politically detached, with politics playing a less central role in their existence, meaning that they can more easily overlook a friends contrary political opinions without it jeopardizing their relationship.

Citing a recent piece from the Washington Post, one commenter proposed that perhaps Democrats live in a bubble and, therefore, are more hostile to contrary opinions. The WaPo article declared that Democrats tend to be more insulated from dissenting political voices, and, therefore, they dont hear and dont want to hear those voices coming from their friends mouths.

To this theory, Vermeule responded that he believes such sociological explanations are insufficient to fully get to the bottom of the differences between liberals and conservatives in relation to politics.

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Harvard Law Professor: 'White Liberal College Graduates' Are 'the Least Tolerant' - Breitbart News

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‘Why Do You Give Islam a Free Pass?’ Why Atheist Richard Dawkins Got Booted from Berkeley – CBN News

Posted: at 1:36 am

The University of California Berkeley is back at the center of controversy in another battle over free speech, but this time there's a surprising twist of events.

A Berkeley radio station has canceled an August 9 speaking engagement with atheist author Richard Dawkins, according to Berkeleyside.

In recent months, the liberal university has generated widespread outrage for canceling speakers with conservative views, like Milo Yiannopoulos, Ann Coulter, and Ben Shapiro.

But this latest cancellation targets a well-known liberal.

Dawkins was going to speak about his new book, Science in the Soul: Selected Writings of a Passionate Atheist, in the engagement sponsored by KPFA.

Although Dawkins is outspoken against conservative values and Christianity, the radio station doesn't cite that as the reason for cancellattion. Instead, KPFA sent a letter to those who bought tickets for the event saying it's because his views against Muslims could be taken as offensive.

"We had booked this event based entirely on his excellent new book on science, when we didn't know he had offended and hurt in his tweets and other comments on Islam, so many people. KPFA does not endorse hurtful speech," it says.

The letter condemns what they call "abusive speech."

"While KPFA emphatically supports serious free speech, we do not support abusive sphttp://eech. We apologize for not having had broader knowledge of Dawkins views much earlier. We also apologize to all those inconvenienced by this cancellattion." In the past, Dawkins has criticized aspects of Islam on Twitter. In one tweet, he highlights the abusive treatment of some Muslim women.

In another, he references suggestions about what Mohammed would be doing if he were alive today.

Dawkins ended up responding to the radio station in a letter of his own: "I used to love your station when I lived in Berkeley for two years, shortly after that beloved place had become the iconic home of free speech," he wrote. "I have criticized the appalling misogyny and homophobia of Islam, I have criticized the murdering of apostates for no crime other than their disbelief. Far from attacking Muslims, I understand as perhaps you do not that Muslims themselves are the prime victims of the oppressive cruelties of Islamism, especially Muslim women."

In the letter, he points out what he sees as a double standard: "I am known as a frequent critic of Christianity and have never been de-platformed for that. Why do you give Islam a free pass? Why is it fine to criticize Christianity but not Islam?"

"You say I use 'abusive speech' about Islam. I would seriously I mean it like to hear what examples of my 'abusive speech' you had in mind. When you fail to discover any, I presume you will issue a public apology, which I will of course accept in a spirit of gratitude for what KPFA once was. And could become again," he added.

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FLYNN: I Unfriend You! Polling Shows Half of Liberal Democrats Troubled by Socializing with Trump Voters – Breitbart News

Posted: at 1:36 am

A Pew Research Center survey found thatnearly half of liberal Democrat respondents admit that discovering that a person voted for Donald Trump would make a friendship with that person difficult. The other half of respondents did not admit this.

In contrast, a large majority of conservative Republicansindicated topollsters that they could put politics aside for the sake of a friendship with a person who voted for Hillary Clinton. Almost three-fourths of conservative Republicans said a persons vote for Hillary Clinton would not put a strain on their relationship. Just a quarter of them said such a vote would strain the friendship.

The resultsreflect (and perhaps influence)the increasing partisanship in Washington and take the longstanding advice to keep politics out of polite conversation to a different level by keeping people with opposing political views out of the conversation entirely. The results also clash with stories in the not-so-distant past of liberal Democrats and conservative Republicans buddying up.

Political history overflows with ideological enemies becoming personal friends. Democrat Jack Kennedy forged a friendship with Republican Joseph McCarthy, who hired his brother Bobby, dated sisters Eunice and Patricia, and served as the godfather to niece Kathleen Kennedy Townshend. President Ronald Reagan and Speaker of the HouseTip ONeill, occupying places closer to the opposing poles of the political spectrum than to one another, famously, and perhaps apocryphally, enjoyed beers together after legislative fights. The late Antonin Scalia, perhaps the most conservative member of the Supreme Court in recent times, found his closest friend on the bench in Ruth Bader Ginsburg, one of the most liberal members in recent times.

The poll, released July 20, reinforces other polling data and anecdotal reports that suggest that politics so subsumes the lives of some liberals that friendships with conservatives remain off-limits

Gay writer Michael Musto, for instance, recently advocated dumping friends who disagree politically.

Everything in a friendship that might have seemed good suddenly goes sour when I learn that they advocate Trump and his hideousness, which involves attempting to diminish rights for women, LGBTQs, Muslims, immigrants, the arts, and the non-rich, not to mention all those treasonous-sounding doings with Russia, he explained. Am I supposed to understand that a gay friend is simply concerned about tax breaks and therefore cant be bothered to devote any energy to little things like human rights? Bye, Felicia!

A Public Religion Research Institute poll taken after last years presidential election showed that almost three times as many liberals as conservatives blocked others on social media based on their political postings.

The political dealbreaker extends for some to romantic relationships.

[I]m left-leaning politically, and, truth be told, cant see myself ever developing feelings foror being in a relationship withanyone that supports [T]rump, one Wayne, Pennsylvania, Craigslist lonely-heart wrote potential beaus. A male professional Seeking College Student for Dating in San Francisco added this postscript to his Craigslist ad: No Republicans or Trump Supporters need apply.

How pervasive is the political intolerance? A recent OKCupid blog headline explained: In 2017, Trump Is a Major Dating Dealbreaker. Golden Showers Are Not.

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FLYNN: I Unfriend You! Polling Shows Half of Liberal Democrats Troubled by Socializing with Trump Voters - Breitbart News

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Restructuring And Quest For Balanced Federation – Leadership Newspapers

Posted: at 1:35 am

By Emeka Nwosu

I must confess that I have been following with keen interest the raging national debate on the issue of restructuring the Nigerian federation. For those who are conversant with the political history of this country, the on-going discourse is nothing new or novel.

All the constitutional conferences that were held in London and Ibadan in the 1950s in the run-up to independence in 1960 were meant to work out an acceptable political structure for the emergent nation. At the end of it all, the nationalist leaders including Dr. Nnamdi Azikiwe, Alhaji Ahmadu Bello and Chief Obafemi Awolowo settled for a federal system of government.

It is not by sheer happenstance that these leaders agreed on a federal structure for the country. In the light of reason and experience arising from successful experiments elsewhere like the United States, Canada, India, Switzerland, Malaysia, Brazil etc. it was agreed that federalism was best suited for a diverse, heterogeneous, disaggregated and complex society like Nigeria.

The federalist principle was adopted by our founding fathers not because it was a perfect model of governance. Rather, the choice was dictated by the need to promote unity in diversity. It is a system of governance that permits a plural society to forge a nation from its diversity without stifling or muzzling the interests of the co-habiting groups in the federation. Under this model, the federating units have the powers to chart their independent paths of development, moving at their own pace while subscribing to a common central authority.

The system encourages healthy rivalries and competitive development amongst the component units of the federation. This was evident in the First Republic when the Northern, Western and Eastern Regions engaged each other in a healthy competition for infrastructural provisions.

Federalism as it is known in the classical political science parlance is the system of governance that ensures that power is shared among the component units of a federation in a manner that guarantees the units autonomy to pursue their political, economic and social aspirations at their own pace. Under this arrangement, it is the federating units that sustain the center from the resources generated from within their territories.

The agreed fiscal contributions to the centre are mainly to maintain common services like national defence and security, foreign affairs, immigration, customs, census, citizenship, currency etc. which are under the exclusive control of the central government.

A former Vice Chancellor of the University of Ibadan and respected historian, Professor Tekena Tamuno, in his work, Nigerian Federalism in Historical Perspective, defined federalism as that form of government where the component units of a political organization participate in sharing powers and functions in a cooperative manner though the combined forces of ethnic pluralism and cultural diversity, among others, tend to pull their people apart.

The incursion of the military into the political arena in 1966 and their subsequent prolonged domination of power led to a huge distortion of the federal structure that was delicately woven by the nationalist leaders. The command and control system of the military which they transposed to the political arena effectively ensured the stifling of the federating units; to the effect that they were turned into almost vassal states and conquered territories.

The resources belonging to the Regions were forcefully hijacked by the military with scant regard for the feelings of the people in whose domains these resources reside. Within this period, States and Local Government Areas (LGAs) were arbitrarily created with more in the North than in the South, thereby creating and deepening the structural imbalance in the federation.

The Regions which were supposed to hold the balance in the federation became politically and fiscally emasculated to the extent that they were no more than mere appendages of the centre with no powers and control whatsoever over their God-given resources. This has led to a situation where the federating units go to Abuja every month end with a begging bowl to collect financial allocation. Nigeria appears to be the only known federation in the whole universe where this kind of strange fiscal arrangement takes place.

This situation is further compounded by the fact that the Federal Government overloads itself with too many responsibilities as evident in the items contained in the Exclusive Legislative List of the 1999 Constitution (as amended). The list contains 68 items, many of which have no business being under the control of the centre. For instance, we have the following items like labour relations, drugs, mineral resources, insurance, meteorology, railways, stamp duties, museums and monuments, marriages, weights and measures etc. in the Exclusive Legislative List.

It is such tinkering by the military that has turned Nigeria into a unitary system in reality. These actions, however, never went unchallenged. Strong criticisms and pressures have always been mounted by some sections of the populace who saw in all the actions of the military a wilful subversion of the visions of the founding fathers of the Nigerian federation. In response to these pressures, some half-hearted attempts were made by the military through the engineering of constituent assemblies and constitutional conferences which did little or nothing to return Nigeria to the path of true federalism.

With the return to civil democratic rule in 1999, there were heightened expectations among the populace that things might get better. But this was a misplaced optimism as nothing has changed from the lopsided and inequitable federal structure inherited from the military. The ensuing crisis of expectations has resulted into social frustrations, mounting agitations and complaints of ethnic marginalization.

It is against this background that the current national clamour for restructuring and separatist campaigns can be understood and greatly appreciated. Such agitations are not out of place in a federal arrangement like ours. And as Kunle Amuwo and Georges Herault noted in their work, Federalism and Political Restructuring in Nigeria, political restructuring is intended to lay an institutional foundation for a more just and a more equitable sharing of the political space by multi-national groups cohabiting in a federal polity.

Since the renewed national conversation on the restructuring of the polity commenced a few months ago, a lot of people, groups and civil society organizations have continued to make their interventions. The views being canvassed on the matter are as divergent as they can be depending on where the propagators stand on the nation`s geo-political prism.

One thing that is clear, however, is the existence of near unanimous national consensus on the need for the restructuring of the federation to ensure political balance and fiscal equity.

To avoid any impending implosion, deliberate efforts must be taken now to work out amongst the various nationalities in Nigeria an acceptable federal structure that will guarantee greater fiscal freedom and regional autonomy to the federating units. Such divisive policies like quota system, federal character and indigene-settler dichotomy which for years have blighted our federal practice should be discarded.

Going forward, it behoves on the Buhari administration to set up a Commission of Eminent Persons including constitutional and legal experts and other professionals drawn from the six geo-political zones of the country to study the reports and recommendations of previous constitutional conferences with a view to coming up with a new draft constitution for the consideration of an elected Peoples Assembly, equipped with constituent powers.

The reports to be considered should include but not limited to the Willinks Commission on the Fears of the Minorities of 1957, Aburi conference of 1967, Abacha`s 1994/95 National Conference, Clement David Ebri Constitutional Reports of 2002, Obasanjo`s Political Reform Conference of 2005 and the 2014 National Confab of President Jonathan. These reports contain far-reaching recommendations that can give us a balanced and equitable federation.

The work of the Commission is to synthesize these reports and work out a draft constitution which will be considered and approved by a Constituent Assembly and finally subjected to a national referendum. It is believed that if these measures are taken, the ghost of restructuring and episodic eruptions of separatist agitations would be finally laid to rest. The time to act is now.

Nwosu is former Political Editor of the Daily Times

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Restructuring And Quest For Balanced Federation - Leadership Newspapers

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