Monthly Archives: May 2017

Here’s where small companies can access robotics, 3-D printers and a sharp workforce – Los Angeles Times

Posted: May 6, 2017 at 3:39 am

Layer by metal layer, a complex component began to take shape with the help of an additive manufacturing machine known as a 3-D printer to most people and a clutch of USC engineering students at the regions newest center devoted to building better stuff and creating jobs.

The part was being made for a Southern California company that was trying out an improved design but didnt have the machinery to produce something involving complicated shapes and angles.

We looked at the geometry and said we should be able to, and we printed it for them, said Satyandra K. Gupta, a USC professor and director of the Center for Advanced Manufacturing.

The collaboration with the company, which had asked Gupta for complete secrecy to avoid tipping off competitors, was one of the first for the Center for Advanced Manufacturing.

The facility opened in February as part of a $253-million Defense Department-sponsored consortium of dozens of corporations, schools, nonprofits and local governments around the country.

The Defense Department initiative aims to revitalize U.S. manufacturing by making robotics, 3-D printers and other advanced devices plus a workforce trained to operate them available to small and mid-sized businesses that have been slow to embrace such innovation. The idea is to bolster research, spur business investment, create jobs and boost worker productivity.

The initiative, in turn, is part of Manufacturing USA, the federal governments 5-year-old effort to build a national manufacturing research infrastructure that will develop new products and markets and help reduce the shortage of technically trained manufacturing workers.

U.S. manufacturers have added 800,000 jobs since the recession ended in 2009, reaching 12.3 million jobs in March. But that still lags behind the 13.7 million manufacturing jobs in December 2007, as the recession was starting.

At the USC center, aerospace and biomedical industries will be getting particular attention to help support the fast-growing technological ecosystem in Silicon Beach, said Yannis C. Yortsos, dean of the Viterbi School of Engineering, which houses the manufacturing facility.

The center has access to USC faculty with expertise beyond advanced manufacturing technology to include augmented and virtual reality, machine learning and the continuing evolution of Internet-connected devices. Gupta speaks of a golden age of data and technology-enhanced manufacturing in which the U.S. doesnt have a disadvantage because labor costs are lower in many foreign countries.

We just dont do things here because they are interesting, Gupta said. There should be a practical application. Is this something a business can use? If the answer is yes, that makes it worth doing.

The center has been funded by the Defense Department, the National Science Foundation and National Institute of Standards and Technologies. USC is contributing faculty, equipment and space, and Jabil Circuit Inc. donated five robots. Companies will be charged for their projects.

On most days, the center is a busy place. In one part of the 6,000-square-foot center, 3-D printers are making parts from metal powder and other materials. Students are trained in the printers programming, operation and maintenance.

Industrial robots dominate another section of the lab. One is being taught to polish all the nooks and crannies of a geometrically complex part.

Were basically building a smart assistant, said Brual Shah, a 27-year-old native of Mumbai, India, who is a post doctoral research associate.

Northrop Grumman Corp. is among the companies involved with the Defense Department initiative and the USC center.

The reason: We want to be able to share lessons learned, best practices, said Frank Flores, vice president of engineering product development at Northrop Grumman Aerospace Systems, which is based in Redondo Beach. We want to learn from each other.

At the other end of the size spectrum is Morf3D, a 2-year-old El Segundo start-up that built an engine mount for the SpaceIL project, one of the five finalist entries in the Google Lunar X-Prize competition, which will award $20 million to the first team landing a privately funded rover on the moon.

During a recent visit to the manufacturing center, Morf3D Chief Technology Officer Melissa Orme said she and Chief Executive Ivan J. Madera want to develop lighter and stronger metal alloys with USCs help. Theyre also looking for future employees.

We see the usefulness in the students, having a workforce thats trained in additive manufacturing, Orme said. So that will be a really nice pipeline for us.

Among those students are Jordi Sim and Cady Gooding, who were at the USC center working on a drone called Robo Raven, which flaps its mylar-and-carbon-fiber wings as a bird would. The drone is meant to help farmers reduce crop losses.

Pest birds are the problem, said Sim, an aerospace and computer engineering student. They tried scarecrows. Nothing was as good as a falconer with his bird, but that cost a couple of hundred dollars a day.

Gooding figures the project, which has a wing span of 3 feet, is not only practical, its helping with her goal of working in commercial aerospace.

Ive been working a lot on the wing fabrication, she said. Its hands-on experience actually building it and seeing how different factors affect how well it flies.

Peter Zierhut, vice president of the Haas Technical Education Center for Haas Automation Inc. in Oxnard, said that the development of another university-led center on manufacturing is good to see, especially in California where manufacturing I don't think has gotten its due attention.

Hass Automation bills itself as the largest machine tool builder in the Western world, and a look at its outdoor lot, which is larger than a football field, shows products bound for locations all over the globe.

Zierhut hopes that the USC manufacturing center will help dispel the old image of manufacturing as a dirty, environmentally unfriendly business and will help prepare the next generation of modern manufacturing workers.

I think a lot of people still have visions of the factories maybe their grandparents might have worked at with the smokestacks, and the dirty smoky air, and the dirty floors, and the noisy factory. Its not like that anymore, Zierhut said.

Weve made some headway in changing that image, he said. Hopefully USC can help us continue working on that.

ron.white@latimes.com

For more business news, follow Ronald D. White on Twitter: @RonWLATimes

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North American Robotics Market Surges 32 Percent – Quality Magazine

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ANN ARBOR, MI North American robotics companies posted the strongest ever first-quarter results, according to the Robotic Industries Association, the industrys trade group. Both robot orders and shipments achieved record levels.

An all-time high total of 9,773 robots valued at approximately $516 million were ordered from North American robotics companies during the first quarter of 2017. This represents growth of 32 percent in units over the same period in 2016, which held the previous record. Order revenue grew 28 percent over the first quarter of last year. Robot shipments also reached new heights, with 8,824 robots valued at $494 million shipped to North American customers in the opening quarter of the year. This represents growth of 24 percent in units and five percent in dollars over the same period in 2016.

The automation industry continues to grow robustly as companies invest to increase productivity and boost competitiveness while also providing opportunities for workers, said Jeff Burnstein, president of RIA. We are excited to hear about the new jobs being created and how companies such as Amazon, GM, and others are training and retraining their workforce to enable them to embrace these higher skilled jobs.

Growth in Automotive Soars

Growth in automotive related industries soared in the first quarter of 2017. Robots ordered by automotive component suppliers were up 53 percent while orders by automotive OEMs increased 32 percent. Another good sign for the future of robotics was the continued growth in non-automotive industries like metals (54 percent), semiconductors/electronics (22 percent), and food and consumer goods (15 percent).

The biggest increases were in arc welding (102 percent), coating and dispensing (64 percent), and spot welding (36 percent) applications. RIA estimates that 250,000 robots are now in use in the United States, the third highest in the world behind Japan and China.

Market Growth Reflected in Automate Attendance

RIA and its parent group, the Association for Advancing Automation (A3), see the impact of the growth in demand for robotics and related automation at industry events such as Automate 2017, recently held in Chicago. This years show featured more than 400 exhibitors displaying their latest technologies and services, including global suppliers of robotics, motion control, motors, vision systems, metrology, software and system integration services for enterprises large and small. Over 20,000 people attended Automate 2017, including over 1,000 participants in the 120+ Automate conference sessions held at the event.

All of our statistics increased significantly from the last Automate show in 2015, added Burnstein. Total number of show attendees jumped 37 percent and conference participation grew by over 90 percent compared to 2015. This growth demonstrates that there is an increasing need for an event like Automate that provides practical, real-world solutions for companies currently automating or considering automation.

Collaborative Robots andAdvanced Vision Conference Set

RIA and its sister group, AIA Advancing Vision + Imaging, are teaming up to bring more content on leading-edge robot and machine vision trends in 2017. The Collaborative Robots & Advanced Vision Conference will take place November 15-16 in San Jose, CA, and will feature presentations from market leaders in robotics, vision, and imaging. For more information, visit http://www.robotics.organd http://www.visiononline.org.

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Virtual reality takes Berkeley Prep, Tampa Prep kids to new destinations – Tampabay.com

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TAMPA

Students from Berkeley Prep and Tampa Prep are getting a close-up look at ancient ruins, touring faraway places and basking in the shadow of the Eiffel Tower all without leaving their classroom.

By incorporating virtual reality technology from Google Expeditions into the curriculum the students download an app into their cell phones, which attach to virtual reality headsets their world has been expanded and they approach learning with palpable excitement.

Tampa Prep instructor Laura Pereira, who teaches Spanish and French, took her students on a tour of Guatemalan ruins and French museums. Then, using an app called CoSpaces, the students created their own archeological setting and did a Spanish narration, as if they were museum tour guides.

"You hear about something cool offered through virtual reality, but you want cool stuff that accentuates their learning,'' Pereira said. "If it makes the learning experience more profound and effective, then we're on the right track. When it becomes something they are held accountable for, where you can give an assessment, that's when it's truly transformative.

"Through this, the students are brought alive and they're hyper-focused. It's such a memorable experience and as a teacher, you want your students to remember the lesson.''

That's the idea.

"For me, it was so much better of an experience than looking at a textbook and pictures,'' said Berkeley Prep seventh-grader Josh Caron, recounting a recent unit on the Aztec, Inca and Maya civilizations in Meghan Campagna's Global Studies course. "I felt like I was there.''

Campagna, who is also Berkeley Prep's middle division Technology Integration Coordinator, said she was initially hesitant about using virtual reality in the classroom.

"But once I saw the students wanting to see the architecture and the landscape and the ruins, I got a clear picture of why this works well,'' Campagna said. "It's not just to show them pictures and add to what a book can do. It's to physically put them in a position so they can experience it like they are actually standing there.''

The future?

"There are always going to be people who think this is bling or a fad,'' Tampa Prep director of technology Chad Lewis said. "It's not that at all. It's so useful.''

"As soon as virtual reality is more approachable to the educational market, it will be everywhere,'' Campagna said.

It's already everywhere in other parts of life.

Virtual reality, which uses computer technology to generate realistic images, sounds and other sensations to simulate a physical presence in that environment, is used in medicine, military training and video gaming, along with professional and college sports.

Private schools around Hillsborough County are studying the concept or implementing virtual reality programs. There are no immediate plans to integrate a virtual reality curriculum into the Hillsborough County School District.

Give it time.

Tim Torkilsen, who is Berkeley Prep's upper school Global Studies Director and heads the school's International Education Program, needed no time at all to understand virtual reality's impact.

He remembers visiting the school's Technology Center earlier this year, where he was shown a virtual reality viewfinder. He looked at the setting and found it vaguely familiar. Then he turned around and looked up.

"I was standing underneath the Eiffel Tower,'' Torkilsen said. "My reaction was just, 'Wow!' I had been to Paris and this was like being back there.''

Torkilsen, who has been covering South Asia in his Contemporary Global Issues class, recently escorted 28 Berkeley Prep students to Nepal. He took lots of pictures, hoping to incorporate them into his teachings about the area's culture and religion.

Then he learned about a virtual reality tour of Katmandu, offered by Google Expeditions.

"It was interesting to see the difference in reaction between my flat pictures and explanations on the first day versus the second day, where the kids put on the viewfinders and they were so excited and in control,'' Torkilsen said. "They had the same reaction as I did when I looked up and saw the Eiffel Tower.

"The virtual reality was a much more effective medium when it came to learning about cultures. Right now, Google Expeditions has limited offerings, but we take trips all over the place. What if we could create our own journey to show to our kids back home? Five years down the line, I see this happening and being just invaluable.''

As for the present, students are enjoying their new view of the world, all from the confines of a classroom.

"This makes it all so real for me, seeing what things actually look like and helping me to learn how things were built,'' Berkeley Prep seventh-grader Olivia Rabinowitz said. "I could see this being used in Spanish classes to help show the culture.''

"The first time we used this, everyone got so excited,'' Berkeley Prep seventh-grader Breanna McDonough said. "We were walking around the classroom, looking at it all, sometimes bumping into tables. It was cool. It's one thing to read about it, but it's another to actually see it. It's like you are there.''

And, in turn, it is changing the classroom experience.

"What have we seen for the past 100 years? A teacher in the front of the room, pointing up at the board, lecturing and the students being implored to be quiet and stay in their row,'' Lewis said. "Now it's a whole new level of engagement. It's all very exciting.''

Contact Joey Johnston at hillsnews@tampabay.com

Virtual reality takes Berkeley Prep, Tampa Prep kids to new destinations 05/05/17 [Last modified: Friday, May 5, 2017 3:24pm] Photo reprints | Article reprints

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Google brings virtual reality display to Raleigh – WNCN

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RALEIGH, N.C. (WNCN) This First Friday, some Raleigh residents got to experience art in a whole new way.

Google Fiber showcased the Google Arts and Culture Virtual Reality map. People were invited to tour the virtual art galleries through Googles Daydream View, a virtual reality device that connects to your smart phone. People who tried it were amazed at the detail, saying you could literally see every brush stroke.

Well you never get a chance to get that close because you get rushed off, said John Cloud. If I tried to get that close to a Van Gogh in any other gallery youd find that thered be somebody coming up to you saying you need to back up please.

Its great to see the detail, said Tawney Schwarz. You can look down and see the flooring look all the way up and see the ceiling. You get a full experience. I just tried the Smithsonian tour and it actually has someone guiding you through it.

People are invited to try out the Daydream View at the Raleigh Fiber Space through June 17.

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3 Virtual Reality Stocks You Don’t Have to Babysit — The Motley Fool – Motley Fool

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Virtual reality (VR) is in its nascent stages, and by most measures, it's still an unproven market. Markets and Markets research estimates it could be worth $33.9 billion by 2022, but even the most visionary tech leaders like Facebook (NASDAQ:FB) CEO Mark Zuckerberg think we may still be five to 10 years away from VR truly taking off.

So what's a tech investor to do? Wait too long and you could miss out on VR's growth, but jump into the wrong company now and you could be throwing your money away. Investors looking to benefit from VR's massive potential but who don't want the volatility that could come from VR pure plays should consider Alphabet (NASDAQ:GOOG) (NASDAQ:GOOGL), Facebook, and NVIDIA (NASDAQ:NVDA). Each company is poised to gain from virtual reality's growth -- but won't leave you high and dry if VR takes a while to take off.

Image source: Getty Images.

A few years ago, Facebook became the poster child for major tech companies betting on the future of virtual reality. It happened when the company paid $2 billion for the VR company Oculus, and since then Facebook has been pretty vocal about the possibilities of the technology.

"This is a good candidate to be the next major computing platform. It's worthy of a lot of investment over a long period," Zuckerberg told Bloomberglast year.

The company showed off its new Facebook Spaces app at itsF8 developer conference last month,which allows users to interact with their friends in a virtual world using VR headsets. The app is in beta right now, but it's one of the first indications of Facebook's plans for VR software.

Last year, Zuckerberg said, "The next phase is building the next great software experiences." And with the reveal of Facebook Spaces, it's clear that the company is already stepping into the next stage of its VR plans.

Facebook's received a lot attention for its VR pursuits, but I don't think investors should underestimate Alphabet's potential to dominate.

You might know about Google's initial foray in into VR with Cardboard, which was essentially a stripped-down VR headset powered by a user's smartphone. The company upgraded that a bit when it launched its Daydream View late last year, which is higher-end version of Cardboard and comes with its own VR handheld controller.

Image source: Google.

But the company's real potential in VR comes from its software opportunities, and right now Google is pursuing two of them. The first is its Daydream VR hub that allows smartphone users to discover and download VR apps and content on their devices. It's still in its infancy, but Daydream already has more than 100 apps.

The second opportunity is an Android-based VR software platform that will come out later this year for developers. Instead of running on a smartphone, this Android-based platform will run exclusively on VR headsets. That means that Google could soon be powering VR headsets that don't require any sort of tethering to a PC or smartphone.

It's not hard to imagine the possibilities here. If Google nails VR software in the same way it did with Android, then the company could easily bring in ad and app revenue from the VR market.

And last, but certainly not least, is graphics-processor maker NVIDIA. The company is best known for its gaming graphics processing units (GPUs) and makes about 58% of its total revenue from that segment.

NVIDIA's potential in VR is huge mostly because it dominates the discrete desktop GPU space, claiming 70.5% of the market. Rival Advanced Micro Devices follows in a very distant second place with 29.5%. NVIDIA's been betting that its graphics cards will benefit from the growth of VR and already has a slew VR-ready cards on the market.

Image source: NVIDIA.

The company isn't just creating the hardware for VR, through; it's also released developer tools and apps to help VR content creators best use the company's processors when creating VR content.

NVIDIA's advantage in the space is that it's the go-to GPU maker for high-end graphics cards. Jon Peddie Research said last year that, "In the PC market, NVIDIA has a substantial market share in enthusiast graphics boards, the type needed for Oculus and HTC VR experiences."

That should bode well for NVIDIA as it takes on the high-end VR market, but the company's VR-ready graphics cards for notebooks should also help NVIDIA tackle the more entry-level VR space as well.

It's worth noting here that NVIDIA is looking fairly expensive for new investors right now. The company's forward P/E ratio hovers above 30, compared to the tech average of about 25.But for current NVIDIA investors, the company's place in the GPU space means it's a VR bet you likely won't have to babysit anytime soon.

Suzanne Frey, an executive at Alphabet, is a member of The Motley Fool's board of directors. Chris Neiger has no position in any stocks mentioned. The Motley Fool owns shares of and recommends Alphabet (A shares), Alphabet (C shares), Facebook, and Nvidia. The Motley Fool has a disclosure policy.

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The Virtual Reality Content Business That Isn’t – Huffington post (press release) (blog)

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Partner, Collective Growth; Managing Director, Strat Americas

Sitting in a plush, darkened studio lot theater last week in Hollywood at yet another forum heralding the dawn of the VR ecosystem, one cant help note how much interest is building in virtual reality, and how many more parties are coming to the VR dancehall.

Eighteen months ago, I was part of a private forum of fifty invitees to the same studio, all there to make our pitch in the new VR landscapeand presumably help shed some light forward for the studio, too. Only then we were in a smaller sound stage, albeit one with a famous pedigree. (Star Trek was shot there). There was a good group of potential VR content prospects, toothree different 3D Audio technologies, many individual film producers, a few writers, even folks who work in far-flung fields like theme parks. Major VR players like Oculus and Magic Leap sent their strategists, but they didnt dominate the day.

Last week, the group was much larger and more diverseattendees spanned Amazon Studios to real estate professionals, reporters, and venture capitalists. Lunch lines were a lot longer, and many traditional media veterans showed up, toofrom TV to Music, all there to get a sense of whats cooking in this new space. Even a studio chief and studio owner wandered through, eyeballing demo booths with apparent curiosity.

The events central theme was VR contentthat corner of the virtual, augmented, and mixed reality world where media content meets platforms and audiences. And it seems to be building with an intensity and focus that is undeniably bigger and more forceful than ever. VR is clearly not a content business yet, but that hasnt deterred Hollywood.

Even at this stage, a few things seem clear:

That day may be years off. But in the interim, a lot of parties are circling in wait for the day VR content becomes a business.

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Watch: Black Women Dive Headfirst Into the Future With Virtual Reality Project – The Root

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NeuroSpeculative AfroFeminism is an art installation and virtual reality experience recently featured at the Tribeca Film Festival. The project, which seeks to put women of color in the virtual reality space, was created by Hyphen-Labs, a collective of women from diverse backgrounds.

We worked with character modelers, animators and developers to create an empowering experience that puts black women and their narratives at the center of the piece, says co-creator and artist Carmen Aguilar Y Wedge.

The installation is composed of two parts: prototypes of physical products of the future and an immersive VR experience. The invented products focus on security, protection and visibility of black womens bodiesfrom earrings that record harassment to an anti-surveillance scarf that blocks facial-recognition software.

By visiting a VR salon known as a neurocosmetology lab, visitors enter a world where black women discuss politics, arts and sciencea hair salon with a futuristic twist. One of the products featured is based on real technology known as transcranial stimulation, in which a cap is placed on your head to strengthen focus and thought. However, it needs to be close to the skull, so its built for people with little to no hair. Hyphen-Labs pioneered a brain-optimizing technique that uses extensions known as Octavia Electrodes, which are named after legendary sci-fi writer Octavia Butler.

If I were to make something and reimagine it in a way that fits into black rituals, how would we do this? asks project co-creator Ashley Baccus-Clark, who is a molecular biologist. Thinking back to the civil rights era and before that, the salon was a place of political activation, community building, creative endeavors, and we really wanted to mirror that but also think about why science and technology is leaving us out of that space.

For more information about NSAF, visit nsaf.space or follow Hyphen-Labs on Facebook, Twitter and Instagram.

Video Producer // TheRoot

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Virtual Reality Could Be The Next Frontier In College Campus Tours – PSFK (subscription)

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VR and three-dimension technologies are shaping industries that stand to benefit from immersive and interactive custom-built environments

As the next best thing after teleportation, virtual reality manifests as a potent tool for acquainting physically distant individuals with new settings. Poised to disrupt the travel industry, real estate, employee training, surgery, military, and any business that stands to benefit from beaming people half way across the world, instantaneously and with zero personal or financial commitment, the advent of spatial interfaces will completely reimagine the ways we interact with our devices.

In support of the technologys tremendous capabilities, Texas A&M University has recently launched a new VR-enabled virtual tour powered by location-based software company concept3D Inc.s Xplorer Virtual Tour via its CampusBird platform. With the intent of making its campus more accessible for prospective students to visitspecifically east coasters and those unable to make the trip down to The Lone Star Statethe platform is a testament to VRs capabilities in creating experiences that are not only immersive but convince us to take action. PSFK got a chance to sit down with CEO of concept3D Inc. Gordon Boyes, alongside Texas A&M Senior Graphic Designer Michael Green to discuss how interactive maps and virtual tours will transform academic institutions, as well as convention centers, healthcare, resorts and hotels, retirement communities, commercial real estate and beyond.

Fundamentally what we do is we catalog content in a 3D world on our platform. We have a content management system that stores our [captures and renderings] in latitude, longitude and elevation. It could be as simple as an aerial view of a map, to fully three-dimensional environments with real-time data feeds opens Boyes in our discussion. Anything in the world u can imagine that belongs in a physical space we manage on our system and present it back in a way that drives user engagement and allows people to experience something in a familiar way, like a map, but in a much more immersive style. They can get to know an experience or an institution without ever stepping foot in it.

Boyes goes on to explain that while virtual reality enables a sense of embeddedness, the respective CampusBird and atlas3D platforms further support mobile and large monitor consumption in an effort to offer a truly democratized experience. Whether its high school seniors on their college search or current students looking into their study abroad options, the ability to explore a campus without having to travel to it empowers individuals to make a more informed decision.

At Texas A&M, I wanted to push this idea of 360 videos and images. We have a great visitor experience and we realized we didnt want to just limit it to people on campus physically. So we started thinking, how can we emulate this experience digitally? says Green. This technology allows access to something thats otherwise exclusive; imagine putting on a headset and going woah, this school has a nuclear reactor! It all really boils down to this: the more you can visualize yourself in a college campus, the more likely youll go to that college.

As an increasingly digital industry, education continues to reform with the introduction of technical advancements such as e-learning, apps, various web-based administration portals, the actual content being taught, and now, virtual tours. And while academics are concept3Ds primary audience, Boyes explains that the vertical isnt the only one to benefit from this tech.

Theres an enormous potential for this technology in event planningspecifically when you want to feel out high levels of detail in indoor spaces. Well actually use an engineers drawn out floor plan to ensure accuracy in our renderings. Or, if you want to see the exterior world, we can get stunning 3D views of places just by working with clients and using satellite images. Sure, theres other interactive map products out there, but the ability to represent any source in a beautiful and navigable way is what sets us apart adds Boyes.

On its website, concept3D promises to turn event coordination into an art form by getting granular with your strategy and planning every break, booth, concession and so forth for a custom tailored experience. Traffic heat maps further offer insights into where and why crowds gather, so event and urban planners alike can coordinate the best strategies to implement.

During our conversation, Boyes made the distinction between viewing a spreadsheet of repair data for the internal components of an airplane, versus actually being able to pick at pieces and dissect the information in a visual and interactive manner. The latter option illustrates Boyes take on concept3Ds workas Green pointed out, its one thing to hear about a nuclear reactor, and another thing to see it (especially when in the comfort of your own living room).

Already, concept3Ds platforms are deep-reaching: you know them as some of Disneys maps, Google, or perhaps various universities across the U.S. And while the company has left its mark on thousands of brands, theres no shortage of businesses that could benefit from using map technology to interpret behavior, build smarter infrastructures, develop wayfinding maps and build platforms of their own. The future for many niches outside of the campus touring will inevitably follow suit: a diverse collection of telepresence solutions will seep into our daily lives, enabling us to visit relatives, live out that nightmare of attending class in our underwear, find our next home or travel the world on the worlds smallest budget.

concept3D

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Reid Hoffman: ‘If you could train an AI to be a Buddhist, it would probably be pretty good’ – GeekWire

Posted: at 3:38 am

Reid Hoffman at the Tech Alliance annual luncheon in Seattle today. (GeekWire Photo / Todd Bishop)

What would happen if we put artificial intelligence on a path to enlightenment?

LinkedIn founder and Microsoft board member Reid Hoffman shared a number of thoughts on the future of artificial intelligence research during the annual State of Technology Luncheon Friday in Seattle, as part of a wide-ranging discussion hosted by the Tech Alliance.

Hoffman bypassed the more near-term concerns of how artificial intelligence and machine learning will be implemented in todays technology to think about how this headlong plunge into AI research will affect society.

Hoffman and eBay founder Pierre Omidyar recently started a $27 million fund for AI research called Ethics and Governance of Artificial Intelligence. What does AI for the public interest mean? Hoffman was asked by moderator Sarah Imbach, an investor and former LinkedIn executive. Im not sure anybody knows, he joked.

He went on to explain that ones level of anxiety about artificial intelligence research probably depends on how soon you think it will arrive, Hoffman said. If you think were 10 years away from developing computers with human-level intelligence, youre absolutely totally frenetic about it, probably a little crazy. If you dont think this will arrive for another 50 years or longer, youre probably a little more blase about the whole thing.

But in the grand scheme of things, do you know how short 50 to 100 years is on the human timeframe? he said. If theres even a 20 percent chance human-level artificial intelligence arrives by that point, we need to start thinking now about the impact it will have on society and the ethics that govern that research.

After all, computers only do what they are trained to do. If you could train an AI to be a Buddhist, it would probably be pretty good, Hoffman said.

Or, you could go in a different direction. Hoffman said he is particularly interested in what happens as artificial intelligence research starts to intersect with biology.

With the growing sophistication of neural networks, massive amounts of data, and nearly unlimited computing resources, its hard to see an easy ceiling for artificial intelligence research right now, he said. At the same time, biological research is taking advantage of many of the same resources to advance its own research, maybe increasing at a slower curve than AI, but increasing nonetheless.

At some point, those curves will intersect, and the growth of specialized artificial intelligence systems means you more or less get to a point where youre also saying that, deliberately or accidentally, you could be engineering different versions of the homo genus, like Neanderthals.

Hopefully theyll be Buddhists.

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Melinda Gates and Fei-Fei Li Want to Liberate AI from Guys With Hoodies – Backchannel

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Photo courtesy ofPivotal

Artificial intelligence has a diversity problem. Too many of the people creating it share a similar background. To renowned researcher Fei-Fei Li, this paucity of viewpoints constitutes a crisis: As an educator, as a woman, as a woman of color, as a mother, Im increasingly worried, she says. AI is about to make the biggest changes to humanity, and were missing a whole generation of diverse technologists and leaders.

From the chair next to her, Melinda Gates affirms this, adding, If we dont get women and people of color at the tablereal technologists doing the real workwe will bias systems. Trying to reverse that a decade or two from now will be so much more difficult, if not close to impossible.

Both women are powerful technologists. As chief scientist of artificial intelligence and machine learning for Google Cloud, Li is currently on sabbatical from Stanford, where she directs the Stanford Artificial Intelligence Lab. Gates studied artificial intelligence in the early days of the 1980s when when she was learning to code at Duke University. She spent a decade at Microsoft before leaving and later pursuing philanthropy. Now Gates is putting her mind and her money behind a national nonprofit that Li is helping launch: AI4All.

The name says it all. AI4All will support educational programs designed to expose underrepresented high school students to artificial intelligence. I sat down with Gates and Li last week at Stanford University to talk about how to make AI research more appealing to women, why hoodies shouldnt be techs status symbol, and what it takes to work in AI.

Jessi Hempel: How did you get to know each other?

Melinda Gates: If youre at all interested in artificial intelligence, youre going to hear about Fei-Feis work. I wanted to meet her and understand what she was doing, in particular, with some of her PhD students, and what it was like for a group of females to be in the field of AI. We met. Then Fei-Fei pulled together a group of women [studying AI].

Fei-Fei Li: Melinda, when I heard that you were starting to pay attention to AI, I really had that moment of thinking, Finally. Finally, a world leader whose voice can be heard is a woman technologist and she is now paying attention to AI!

I have been in this space for many, many, many years as an educator as well as a technologist, and Ive been having this increasing worry. As a technologist, I see how AI and the fourth industrial revolution will impact every aspect of peoples lives. If you look at what AI is doing at amazing tech companies like Microsoft, Google, and other companies, its increasingly exciting.

But in the meantime, as an educator, as a woman, as a woman of color, as a mother, Im increasingly worried. AI is about to make the biggest changes to humanity and were missing a whole generation of diverse technologists and leaders. So when I heard Melinda was paying attention to this, and your people reached out to meyou dont know this, Melinda, but they reached out to me when my daughter was about four months old and I was home nursing.

Melinda Gates: So been there.

Fei-Fei Li: I was just so happy. We immediately arranged your visit and wanted to have a candid conversation. And I told the students, You guys are all extremely passionate technologists, but you are also still blazing the trail. Be candid with Melinda about your experiences.

Melinda Gates: And that was fantastic. I just want to echo one thing that Fei-Fei said: If we dont get women and people of color at the tablereal technologists doing the real workwe will bias systems. Trying to reverse that a decade or two from now will be so much more difficult, if not close to impossible. This is the time to get women and diverse voices in so that we build it properly, right? And it can be great. Its going to be ubiquitous. Its going to be awesome. But we have to have people at the table.

Fei-Fei Li: Exactly, because AI is a technology that gets so close to everything we care about. Its going to carry the values that matter to our lives, be it the ethics, the bias, the justice, or the access. If we dont have the representative technologists of humanity sitting at the table, the technology is inevitably not going to represent all of us.

Jessi Hempel: We have already seen some of the consequences of not including diverse voices in the beginning stages of development. Is it already too late?

Melinda Gates: I wouldnt say its too late but I would say that that car is speeding down the road very quickly. This is one of the reasons Fei-Fei and I are so interested in thinking about how you get female technologists into this field.

Jessi Hempel: What came of your conversations?

Fei-Fei Li: When I was coming out of maternity leave, I was thinking deeply about what I could do to really help this generation. I see this as one of the most important efforts I can make. Three years ago, I had started a test program along with my former PhD student, Olga Russakovsky. It was a pilot program called SAILORS, Stanford Artificial Intelligence Lab Outreach Summer Program. We invited high school ninth graders in the Bay Area. Its a non-residential program focusing on young women, and inviting them to spend two weeks within the AI lab.

There are two pieces of SAILORS. One: We have a strong hypothesis that the pipeline issue is deeply affected by the way that technology is presented to young students. In Silicon ValleyIve lived here for 10 years. I love Silicon Valley, but there is a dominant voice of, Tech is cool. Tech is geeky. Tech is a guy with a hoodie.

Melinda Gates: Yes!

Fei-Fei Li: The guys with hoodies have changed our world. But theyre not the only technologists. Thats not the only way to motivate people, especially young women with many choices. [Theyre thinking], I can be a doctor at the bedside saving peoples lives. I can be a journalist in the most needed area of the world giving the people a voice. Why should I be in AI or CS if all I heard is you can have a hoodie and look cool?

We add a humanistic mission into the teaching of the technology that goes to the core of what these young people are longing for. So for example, as a research project, were doing self-running cars in the robotics team for SAILORS. We wrapped it in the context of aging society, because a self-driving car, of course, is cool technology, but one of the populations its going to help the most is our increasing aging society.

Jessi Hempel: How did you decide to target ninth graders?

Fei-Fei Li: We spent a lot of time looking at past data. We realized that around early high school years is when students start to think about their college major. Theyre questioning: Who am I; what impact can I make on the world?

The program was very popular and successful. We have amazing young women. The only problem is, its not big enough. So then I started thinking, we really ought to start to spread it nationally. And this is when we started collaborating with Melinda. We started this organization called AI4All. Its still, I would say, stealth-ish.

Melinda and Jensen Huang, the founder of NVIDIA, are putting in the seed money for us. AI4All is focusing on spreading a SAILORS modelthe education of AI with humanistic mission to diverse studentsto different campuses and companies.

Jessi Hempel: Have you started rolling it out?

Fei-Fei Li: We officially started in March. Five universities are partnering with us: Berkeley, Carnegie Mellon University, Princeton, Boston University, and Simon Fraser. Theyre going to start their own chapters of SAILORS. They will tailor it to different local communities. For example, Berkeley will be more robotics focused, and will focus on low-income students. The Princeton program will be more about racial diversity, because New Jersey has a strong African-American community.

Jessi Hempel: What are the major barriers to launching something like this?

Fei-Fei Li: We have so few AI technical leaders who are diverse themselves. Also, theyre busy doing the things like building a startup or making money off publishing papers. This kind of education is longterm. Education is thankless for a long time.

Jessi Hempel: Melinda, what insight do you have from funding other organizations that could help AI4All be successful?

Melinda Gates: Fei-Fei is in the process of hiring an executive director, and shes in a very fortunate situation. Shes got a couple of really strong candidates. But were talking about the skills you need in that executive director. Because sometimes, and [Bill and I] certainly made this mistake, both ourselves and with other organizations, you think you know what you want. You have this really shiny candidate, and they have all these other skills. But if theyre actually not good at hiring, recruiting, retention, and building an organization, youre not going to succeed.

Jessi Hempel: Melinda, when we spoke last fall, you put out a call out to figure out where to focus your resources as you turned your attention to helping women succeed in tech. Is this the first piece of that effort? Are we going to see more of it?

Melinda Gates: This is one piece of it. Youll see more of it. Definitely. Since you and I talked, were funding Girls Who Code more, because I think thats another model, for sure, for getting the pipeline filled.

But Im also looking at workplace diversity. Ill make some investments there. Theres a fantastic economist at Harvard, Iris Bohnet. She does behavioral economics and shes looking at how you design diversity into a system. Shes the person who has talked about how in orchestras, women couldnt get a first chair. Finally, when [audition judges] put a curtain down so that people on the other side of the curtain couldnt see who was playing the violin on the other side, the numbers went up a little bit. But they didnt go up as much as she thought they might. She realized that the person on the other side of the curtain interviewing could hear the footsteps of the person walking across the stage. Once they fixed that, the number of female first chairs went up significantly.

So in coding, when a professor looks at a females code or a males code, weve seen the bias numbers. You just have an inherent bias. When its anonymized, guess what? The women do just as well as the men. I know a young man whos working on a fantastic young startup where you submit your code with no name. There are seven great coders reviewing the code on the other side that was submitted anonymously.

And the last thing Ill just say, the other place that Im investing is NCWIT [National Center for Women and Information Technology]. Theyre doing a great job of designing things into that first computer science course a student takes that attract women.

Jessi Hempel: There are already many women and people of color working in the field. How do we draw attention to their work?

Fei-Fei Li: Oh boy. I just tell media, please find a list of AI technologists and give them a voice, because its so convenient to pick up the phone and call that guy that is always out there. There are women and other diverse technologists. And if you need help finding them, there are people like me. Im happy to supply you with a list of AI technologists who have diverse backgrounds. I think that voice needs to be heard.

Melinda Gates: And the other thing I would just say for readers is that this is an exciting field. AI is going to change so much. So we shouldnt be afraid of it. We have to be smart about how its done. But you can learn AI. And you can learn how to be part of the industry. Go find somebody who can explain things to you. If youre at all interested, lean in and find somebody who can teach you.

Jessi Hempel: Im so glad you said that, because I think sometimes we think, well, youve got to get the ninth grader interested because its too late for the rest of us who are mid-career.

Melinda Gates: And I think sometimes when you hear a big technologist talking about AI, you think, Oh, only he could do it. No. Everybody can be part of it.

Fei-Fei Li: Our culture has a tendency to call a few of them geniuses. And then mortals just think, Were not geniuses. Its not true. If someone has a fantastic biology background, he or she can contribute in AI and health care. AI has many aspects. AI is everywhere. Its not that big, scary thing in the future. AI is here with us.

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Melinda Gates and Fei-Fei Li Want to Liberate AI from Guys With Hoodies - Backchannel

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