Daily Archives: May 13, 2017

Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation (TMS) Fighting Depression – Beliefnet

Posted: May 13, 2017 at 5:57 am

TMS Fighting Depression

by Frank P. MacMaster

Imagine being consumed by an overwhelming feeling of sadness. Imagine losing interest in activities you used to reallyenjoy, feeling as if life is not worth living. This is clinical depression.

Depression can rob a person of their joy, vitality, friends, family, their work, and even their very life. A lot of people identify with depression because they have been sad over a loss. Depression is associated with sadness, but represents something more.

If I am at a dinner party, when I tell people I study depression in teenagers, I get Have you met my kid? Arent all teenagers depressed? One part is not true there. Nobody invites scientists to dinner parties. It brings the whole room down.

Depression is a smothering blanket that covers everything and robs you of the joys found in life. It makes going to work or even being with loved ones a sometimes-insurmountable chore. Depression hits during the prime working years and has a tremendous cost to society. The loss in productivity is on the order of billions. Stigma also makes treatment more difficult. People are often reluctant to seek help, to tell loved ones and co-workers.

Fighting depression has proven difficult. Finding the right medication or therapy for a person can sometimes take years. First-line treatments like antidepressants and psychotherapy result in remission of symptoms in about half of people. New treatments are needed to help those left behind. In Alberta, this represents tens of thousands of people. These are your friends, neighbors, co-workers, and family. It may even be you. Without effective treatment, depression keeps going about its dark business, colouring every aspect of a persons life.

So, what can we do to fight it? Over the past few years there have been no truly novel medications put into practice. Developing a new medication takes decades and billions of dollars. There is hope in a next generation technology, Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation or TMS. TMS uses rapidly changing magnetic fields to make brain cells in a target area get to work.

I first became aware of it at a conference. One of the first devices was there and scientists had gathered around to see how it works. We took turns using it to activate the part of the brain that controls arm muscles, making our arms twitch. The machine would tell those brain cells to fire. Scientists working in neurology and neurobiology immediately saw its potential. If it could put brain cells to work, it could change function in the brain helping people suffering from all sorts of disorders.

In TMS for depression, we target a part of your brain called the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex. This part of the brain is responsible for regulating your emotions, acting as the boss of the rest of the brain. Everything that makes you a viable adult, a good partner, employer/employee, friend, parent is affected by how this piece of brain functions. It is one of the last parts of your brain to develop, not finishing until your late twenties or early thirties. Its development can be affected by your environment your life helps instruct how to wire the brain.

In depression in both adults and teens, this part of the brain is not doing its job so well. It is on a different developmental trajectory, one that changes its structure, function, and chemistry.

TMS for depression targets this part of the brain. Unlike medications, which go from the top of your head to the tip of your toes, TMS activates an area about the size of a quarter near the surface of the brain helping those cells get back to work. It like after knee surgery, when a person has to do rehabilitation exercises to get it working again. TMS, by being repeated over weeks, helps to teach those parts of the brain to take control over your emotions again.

TMS, when done right, has a strong track record of helping people who havent responded to front line treatments. In the United States, TMS is widely available. In Canada, Ontario has done some pioneering work and other jurisdictions are adopting this technology.

TMS is safe and well tolerated. In our work with kids with depression and Adam Kirtons work with kids with strokes, the kids rank it less fun than a birthday party, better than the dentist, and about the same as a long car ride with their parents. I have seen kids go back to school, reengage with friends and family get back to living.

Studies are showing its promise in other areas treating anxiety disorders, stroke, concussion, Tourettes syndrome, autism, and beyond.

Brain stimulation represents the future of mental health research and treatment. We are moving away from clinical intuition to something deeply rooted in the biological evidence that both supports a treatment and why it works. I love the Mental Health Foundations slogan, a better future in mind. It connects with what TMS has to offer. We have the chance to act right now to help build a better future for tens of thousands of people in Alberta, and to set an example for the rest of the province and Canada by embracing next generation technology that can help improve and even save lives.

**Frank MacMaster is an Associate Professor of Psychiatry and Paediatrics at the University of Calgary and the Scientific Director for the Addictions and Mental Health Strategic Clinical Network in Alberta Health Services. His research is focused on using brain imaging to identify targets and predictors of treatment response to brain stimulation in pediatric neuropsychiatric disorders like depression and Tourettes syndrome.

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Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation (TMS) Fighting Depression - Beliefnet

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FAQ Neurotechnology Innovations Translator

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What happens at NIT?

This.

Why is NIT called a translator?

NIT is a Translator, focused on the translation of neurotechnology innovations from the lab to patients and the marketplace. We refer to NIT as a Translator, because it is fundamentally different from other types of programs. NIT is not an incubator; not an accelerator; not a venture capital firm; not a contract manufacturing house; not a clinical trialing organization.per se.Instead, NIT brings the best of what each of these other entities has tried to deliver, comprehensively, under one translational Center, borrowing their best attributes, but transforming them into an entity that provides a cocoon for your companys success in todays challenging landscape.

In stark contrast to other models, NIT holds ready investment capital for investment in early and advanced stages of your companys development. NIT focuses on a select number of high-quality, venture-fundable, commercially-oriented companies. NIT sources projects globally, while also having access to a rich pipeline of innovation. And, NIT leverages a robust infrastructure of on-site and nearby resources from already-committed Partners. The result: a comprehensive solution, providing the expertise, resources, and capital to propel your company from concept-to-clinic, and subsequently to commercial success.

What types of companies is NIT seeking?

NIT will develop a select number of high-quality, venture-fundable, commercially-oriented companies focused on neurotechnology innovation. NIT companies will be carefully chosen, funded, and nurtured within the NIT ecosystem only if they: (1) demonstrate a sufficient level of scientific validation and mitigation (or manageability) of technical risks; (2) target a clear unmet clinical need; and (3) carry the force of a market imperative with a well-focused business plan and model that meet private venture capital funding criteria. The mix of NIT companies chosen will include neurotechnology innovations that are both Dare-To-Dream projects, as well as Better, Faster, Cheaper solutions to improve patient care.

How can our innovation be considered for NIT investment?

Wed love to hear from you. Contact us.

Does NIT have dedicated funds?

Yes, NIT has capital ready to fund your company--not just to get your company started, but to propel your company forward in each development and investment stage. Whether seeding your company, leading, or joining an investment syndicate, NIT offers dedicated strategic investment funds, as well as available capital resources from a variety of Partners including Ohio Third Frontier and The Ohio State University. NIT can invest alone or as part of a syndicate to ensure your company is adequately capitalized.

How much does NIT invest?

NIT has no set expectations for funding levels either in a given round, or over the life of a company. The amount of money a prospective NIT Company may receive from NIT is driven by the business needs and specifics of a companys operating plans and objectives. We may invest as little as $250k, or as much as $10M, depending upon the projects specific needs.

We only have an idea for an innovation. Is NIT appropriate for us?

Of course! Whether an idea on a napkin, or a more mature and established neurotechnology company that is further along in the development pathway, NIT is seeking the best innovations in neurotechnology, regardless of stage or origin. NIT could be the perfect ecosystem for taking your idea and translating it from concept-to-clinic.Wed love to hear from you.

We've already been working on our startup for a while. Is NIT appropriate for us?

Yes.Whether NIT is seeding a company, NIT is leading an investment, or NIT is joining an investment syndicate, provided your company can capitalize on the resources and ecosystem that we have to offer, we are interested. NIT has dedicated strategic investment funds, as well as available capital resources from a variety of Partners including Ohio Third Frontier and The Ohio State University for investment in your startup.

We've already taken some funding. Is NIT appropriate for us?

Sure. As mentioned above, whether NIT is seeding a company, NIT is leading an investment, or NIT is joining an investment syndicate, provided your company can capitalize on the resources and ecosystem that we have to offer, we are interested. We can probably help any startup that hasn't already raised an inordinate amount of capital, (e.g. already entering a third investment round from institutional investors). If you are unsure, contact us and we will let you know directly.

Will NIT syndicate alongside other investors and co-invest?

Yes, absolutely. Provided, however, that a company would significantly benefit from NITs resources and ecosystem for its development pathway.

We need investment capital, but already have all the resources we need. Is NIT appropriate for us?

NIT is not a venture capital firm. The capital NIT invests is only a small part of what NIT brings from its ecosystem for company development. If all that your company needs is investment capital, it is likely not a fit for NIT.

Will NIT invest in a company that is not in Ohio?

No. Your company might be able to leave a few employees at home, but the company needs to be headquartered in Ohio to attract NITs resources and investment capital. NIT and Ohio offer so much to companies, that unless your company is located within this ecosystem, it would likely not benefit from all the resources that NIT might bring.

Do we have to start a company in the US for you to invest in us?

No, not necessarily. NIT seeks projects from around the globe. If you've started your company outside the US (or outside of Ohio for that matter), and are interested in relocating to Ohio to tap into the NIT ecosystem, we would love to hear from you.

Do we have to work with your Partners?

No, not necessarily. NITs broad Partner ecosystem is there to help your company. We wouldnt expect your company to need all of themnor would we demand that you have to work with any specific Partner. That said, of course we would want to ensure that your company would sufficiently benefit from NITs resources and ecosystem for its development pathway to make the investment mutually beneficial.

What if we have a conflict with one of the NIT Partners?

NITs Partners are there for your company as needed. As a private entity, NIT is wholly separated. So, NIT can work independently with your company without any exposure to any particular Partner, as necessary.

Does our company need to use NITs facility?

Not necessarily. While NIT offers substantial space, facilities, and onsite resources, NIT Companies can locate anywhere within Ohio that is most conducive to their success.Some may reside initially within the NIT Center itself, some may be established elsewhere within Ohio, depending upon their specific needs and capabilities. Eventually your company will leave the facility in any respect, and matriculate outside and beyond NIT, within Ohio, as you reach your milestones and are funded as a fully independent company.

Will NIT sign an NDA?

No, NIT won't typically sign an NDA. Like a venture capital firm, we review far too many projects to sign NDAs, and believe that most of our exploratory conversations can be held without any exchange of sensitive proprietary information. And, as an experienced entrepreneur, you appreciate the relatively limited value of the idea itself, relative to the long path to execution that lies ahead for your company.

Is NIT hiring?

For a list of available opportunities at NIT or one of NITs Companies, click here.

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FAQ Neurotechnology Innovations Translator

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Rythm Accelerates Sleep Research and Neurotechnology Efforts With a Prestigious Scientific Advisory Board and … – PR Newswire (press release)

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The newly announced scientific board includes David Eagleman, PhD, Professor of Neuroscience, Stanford University, Founder & CSO, BrainCheck, and cofounder & CSO, NeoSensory; Christof Koch, PhD, CSO & President of Allen Institute for Brain Science; Emmanuel Mignot, MD, PhD, Director of Stanford Sleep Center; and Cedric Villani, PhD, winner of the 2010 Fields Medal and Director of Henri Poincarr Institute. These experts will help Rythm define its research strategy, encompassing sleep diagnosis, treatment, improvement, and understanding of the human brain.

The human brain is the most complex organ in the known universe, and understanding the brain and sleep are among the biggest scientific challenges of the century. One-third of the population does not sleep well or sufficiently long. Currently, there are no obvious solutions to this epidemic. However, international research in neuroscience and Rythm are at the forefront of developing non-invasive solutions that are accurate and effective. The company is tackling multiple, ambitious challenges at the nexus of multiple disciplines: medicine, neurosciences, and mathematics. In forming a board, Rythm successfully sought to attract the best-of-the-best from across disciplines who are aligned with the company's mission and vision.

"The brain is the most complex system known today, and within that field of study, sleep is a new domain that presents a variety of complex problems and solutions," said Hugo Mercier, CEO & Co-founder at Rythm. "The diversity of fields, experience, and intellect that the members of our board bring will help Rythm unlock major challenges and pursue the right research directions."

David Eagleman is a professor at Stanford University in the department of Psychiatry & Behavioral Sciences, known for his work on brain plasticity, time perception, synesthesia, and neurolaw. He also serves as the Director of the Center for Science and Law. He is a Guggenheim Fellow, a council member in the World Economic Forum, and a popular TED speaker. He has launched two companies from his laboratory: NeoSensory and BrainCheck. He is a New York Times bestselling author published in 31 languages and is the writer and creator of the Emmy-nominated TV series, The Brain with David Eagleman. He is a renowned scientist with articles in all the major academic journals and profiles in national magazines such as the New Yorker. He is a regular commenter on national television and radio.

"We don't yet fully understand why we sleep and dream, but we're aware that it's related to the consolidation of learning and memory," said Eagleman. "I am excited to work with Rythm to better unmask the mysteries and nuances of sleep state, and to be able to leverage that understanding to improve lives. Inadequate sleep prevents people from reaching their full potential. The improvement of sleep opens the hope of functioning at a more optimized mental performance."

Christof Koch is a physicist turned neuroscientist serving as the President and Chief Scientific Officer of the Allen Institute for Brain Science in Seattle. He is leading a team of 300 scientists, engineers and staff engaged in a ten-year project that aims to understand the building blocks of the mammalian brain. Koch previously served as a professor at the California Institute of Technology for nearly 30 years, specializing in the biophysics of the brain and the neural bases of consciousness, and has been influential in arguing that consciousness can be approached using the modern tools of neurobiology. As a member of Rythm's board, Koch will contribute his neuroscientific expertise on how sleep relates to the brain and its electrical behavior in health and disease.

"We have so much more to learn about the relationship that sleep has to the functioning of our brains and our health," said Koch. "Working with Rythm is an opportunity to bring academia together with the development of consumer products so that sleep research can become practicable."

Emmanuel Mignot is the Craig Reynolds Professor of Sleep Medicine at Stanford Medical School and the Director of the Stanford Center for Sleep Sciences and Medicine. He is a recognized authority on sleep research and medicine, known primarily for his work on narcolepsy. He is a member of the National Academies of Sciences and Medicine and has received numerous research grants and honors, including National Institute of Health Research, Howard Hughes Medical Institute Investigator and McKnight Neuroscience awards. He is the co-author of more than 200 original scientific publications, and serves on the editorial board of scientific journals in the field of sleep and biology research. He formerly served as the president of the Sleep Research society, chair of the National Center on Sleep Disorders Research advisory board of the National institutes of Health, and chair of the Board of Scientific Counselors of the National Institute of Mental Health.

"I've always been intrigued by the enigma of sleep and devoted my career to studying sleep disorders," said Mignot. "With the rapid growth of portable technology, biology and analytics, it is an exciting time for sleep, with plenty of opportunities to increase well-being. Rythm is bringing together people spanning multiple fields of science and technology to push forward our understanding of sleep and improve the diagnosis of sleep disorders. I look forward to contributing my knowledge and working with Rythm to help realize this vision."

Cedric Villani is one of the world's most famous mathematicians who was awarded the Fields Medal, the world's most prestigious math award, in 2010. Currently, he is a professor at the University of Lyon and serves as the director of Pierre and Marie Curie University 's Institut Henri Poincar. Villani's work focuses on partial differential equations, Riemannian geometry and mathematical physics. He received the Fields Medal for his work on Landau damping and the Boltzmann equation. He is also a well-known author and speaker, renowned for his passionate ability to make math exciting and accessible.

Villani's expertise on computational mathematics and machine learning will be a valuable asset to Rythm because both areas are critical to the understanding of sleep and the brain. Until recently, machine learning mimicked brain functions, but now the new frontier is to understand how the brain works, and sleep represents an ideal entry door.

This world class team serves as a validation of all the important work Rythm has done since 2014. The company is leveraging advancements in neuroscience, neurotechnology, artificial intelligence, and mathematics to propel sleep research and medicine forward and bring a real sleep solution to the market. This unique solution will introduce a whole new category of product that is efficient but non-invasive, and this demands a strong research effort and the development of sophisticated technology. The board is not only working with Rythm on diagnosis and treatment, but also to help build the product that will launch in Summer 2017.

About Rythm

Rythm is a leading neurotechnology company. Bringing together the world's foremost experts in hardware, software, and neuroscience, Rythm builds consumer technology that stimulates brain function to enhance individual health and performance. The company's first product, Dreem, is sleep solution that uses brain activity and sound stimulation to increase the quality of sleep in a non-invasive way. Based in Paris and San Francisco, Rythm has raised substantial funding from investors, awards and government grants to support a world-class team of more than 70 people. For more information, visit http://www.dreem.com.

To view the original version on PR Newswire, visit:http://www.prnewswire.com/news-releases/rythm-accelerates-sleep-research-and-neurotechnology-efforts-with-a-prestigious-scientific-advisory-board-and-advances-in-the-ai-xprize-competition-300456427.html

SOURCE Rythm

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Rythm Accelerates Sleep Research and Neurotechnology Efforts With a Prestigious Scientific Advisory Board and ... - PR Newswire (press release)

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DeLand family makes strides to cure CF; Volusia County Great Strides walk on May 20 – The West Volusia Beacon

Posted: at 5:55 am

A DeLand family that has been working for years to help find a cure for cystic fibrosis has been featured on the national Cystic Fibrosis Foundation website as Homepage Heros.

Photos taken at Stetson University of Missy and Mike Woods and their children, Ainsley and Tobin, accompany the online article about the familys involvement in the CF community and their journey with the disease. Tobin Woods, 3, was diagnosed with cystic fibrosis at 2 weeks old.

Mike Woods is on the board of the Central Florida chapter of the CF Foundation.

CF is an orphan disease, in that it impacts a very small portion of the population, he said, noting that a cure is within reach. That cure is within the foreseeable future next 10 to 20 years.

For the fourth year, the family will be participating in the Volusia County Great Strides walk at 5 p.m. Saturday, May 20, in Daytona Beach. The Tobins 200 team has a goal of 200 walkers and $10,000 for the CF Foundation. To date, $7,060 had been raised.

In 2016, the Tobins 200 team was recognised as Top Team Fundraiser at the VC Great Strides walk, for the second year in a row.

The family also has a team for the CF Cycle for Life. Tobins Two-Wheelers will ride through Central Florida Oct. 1 to raise funds for research.

We are so grateful to our amazing friends and family who come together every year to help us get closer to the cure, the Woods family wrote on the Tobins 200 team page.

Read the Homepage Heros interview at http://www.goo.gl/fnS2jJ. To donate to or walk with the Woods Great Strides team, visit http://www.goo.gl/oXhwna.

- A. Janell Williams,janell@beacononlinenews.com

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DeLand family makes strides to cure CF; Volusia County Great Strides walk on May 20 - The West Volusia Beacon

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Ilnur Zakarin’s Canyon Ultimate CF SLX – Gallery – Cyclingnews.com

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Red and black race machine for Katusha-Alpecin Giro d'Italia leader

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After dramatically crashing out of the Giro d'Italia during 2016 whilst fifth overall, Ilnur Zakarin lost out on what would've been the biggest result of his career. The GC specialist has returned to the Giro d'Italia in 2017 with his eyes clearly on a bigger prize.

The 27-year-old Russian rode a Canyon Ultimate at the recent Tour de Romandie in 2017, but also has a choice of the Aeroad model for flatter sprint stages and the Speedmax for time trials.

The eye-catching red and black bike is complemented with a SRAM Red eTap groupset. The wireless electronic groupset operates without cables, with the battery and motors individually located in each of the derailleurs.

The only cables on the groupset run to the front and rear brake respectively and ensures for a tidy and clean looking cockpit.

Zakarin opts for a standard drivetrain combination of 53/39 chainrings, an 11-28 cassette and 172.5 cranks. The crankset is paired with a Quarq power meter.

Zipp provide the 303 wheelset, which is complemented with 25mm Continental Competition ALX tubular tyres.

Click or swipe through the gallery above for a detailed look at the Russians bike.

Frame: Canyon Ultimate CF SLX Fork: Canyon One One Four SLX Front brake: SRAM Red Rear brake: SRAM Red Front derailleur: SRAM Red eTap Rear derailleur: SRAM Red eTap Shift/brake levers: SRAM Red eTap Cassette: SRAM Red, 11-28T Chain: SRAM Red 11 speed Crankset: SRAM Red, 53/39T chainrings, 172.5mm crank length and Quarq power meter Wheelset: Zipp 303 Tyres: Continental Competition ALX, 25mm Handlebars: Canyon H32, 420mm Stem: Canyon, 140mm Handlebar tape/grips: Selle Italia Smootape Gran Fondo Pedals: Look Kea Blade carbon Saddle: Selle Italia SLR Team Issue Seatpost: Canyon Bottle Cages: Tacx Deva Saddle height, from BB (c-t): 715mm Tip of saddle nose to C of bars (at stem): 695mm

Critical Measurements Rider weight: 67kg Rider height: 1.87m

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No Tour de France for Russian according to Katusha manager Ekimov

Russian lays down maker by dropping pink jersey favourites on queen stage of Abu Dhabi Tour

Katusha loses Kochetov, Losada injures shoulder on stage 4

Russian considered a future Grand Tour talent despite teenage doping ban

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May Update: CF Industries’ Price Target and Recommendations … – Market Realist

Posted: at 5:55 am

May 2017 Agribusiness Update: Stock Recommendations and Targets PART 5 OF 9

Like fertilizer companies (MOO) The Mosaic Company (MOS) and Agrium (AGU), CF Industries (CF) had a weak 1Q17.The company posted adjusted EPS (earnings per share) of $0.05, missing analysts revised EPS estimate of $0.09.

Without adjustments, the company posted net EPS of -$0.10. Its EPS fell 88% compared to $0.4 per share in 1Q16. To learn more, readHow CF Industries Performed in 1Q17.

The number of analysts recommending strong buys for CF Industries following its 1Q17 earnings rose to two from one. Similarly, the number of analysts recommending buys rose from five to six.

The number of analysts recommending holds on CF fell from 11 to nine, and the number of analysts recommending sells remained unchanged month-over-month. Based on these shifts in recommendations alone, it appears that analysts confidence in the stock is strengthening.

With the exception of PotashCorp (POT), all the fertilizer stocks weve discussed so far have seen price cuts, and the case was no different for CF Industries. Analysts lowered their month-over-month price target for CF Industries to $31.2 per share from $31.8 per share. On May 10, 2017, the stock closed at $27.6, a potential upside of ~12.9% if its current price converges with its target price in the next 12 months.

Next up, lets talk about Monsanto.

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May Update: CF Industries' Price Target and Recommendations ... - Market Realist

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Blue Knight Lax To Host CF Fundraiser – CapeNews.net

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Norwell took a three-goal lead to open the game Wednesday, May 10, and held on as they handed the Blue Knights (6-7) an 8-5 loss.

Sandwich will host its annual cystic fibrosis fundraising game Friday, May 12, at DeConto Stadium at 6 PM.

The Clippers pulled out to a 5-1 lead by the break on Wednesday and while the Knights were winning the majority of the face-offs, they were unable to turn those possessions into points. Joey Bourdow, James Stack, Josh Souza, Cam Lopes and Mather Negron all tallied in the setback for the Knights. Peyton Goodwin was in net, finishing the afternoon with 10 saves.

Sandwich Versus Bishop Feehan

Three goals from Lopes and some solid defensive play wasnt enough for the Blue Knights Monday, May 8, as they dropped an 11-4 decision to the Shamrocks of Bishop Feehan High School.

The Shamrocks held a 5-3 advantage at the break then took off in the second half, scoring six more times. Goodwin did a nice job in net for the Knights, finishing the day with 11 saves. Stack and Tim Ladner had a good day in the center taking 13-of-19 face-offs.

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Defensive lapses not the concern regarding Tampa Bay Rays CF Kevin Kiermaier – OutsidePitchMLB

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Defensive lapses not the concern regarding Tampa Bay Rays CF Kevin Kiermaier
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What's alarming about the recent downturn, however, is that it's affecting his defense. The American League's back-to-back Gold Glove-winning center fielder prides himself on lowering the batting averages of opposing hitters and the earned run averages ...

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Political Correctness or Political Culture? – Patheos – Patheos (blog)

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You have your ups and downs. Years ago a professor (Stanley Hauerwas) at the Duke Divinity School made it to the cover of Time Magazine. More recently DDS students managed to get their school on national TV by holding up a banner behind the commentators booth in the NCAA Basketball finals. Priceless. Now Duke is again in the national news, but not in such a good way.

Duke, according to the New York Times, has become a new battle ground over political correctness. Youll find the story here, or in the Washington Post, or all over Facebook.https://www.nytimes.com/2017/05/09/education/a-new-battleground-over-political-correctness-duke-divinity-school.html.

Political Correctness? I dont think so, although the term has come into common usage by conservatives to disparage cultural change. See Rod Drehers account of the controversy here.http://www.theamericanconservative.com/dreher/duke-divinity-crisis-griffiths-documents/

What is happening at Duke isnt merely about internecine conflicts in academia and the rules that govern professional discourse. (Although this is how Dean Elaine Heath approached it) It is even less about political correctness in the sense of forbidding discourse about certain accepted political positions. (Although this is how Valerie Cooper approached it, by insisting that decisions about racial equality and inclusiveness are part of unquestionable values written into policy.)http://www.washingtontimes.com/news/2017/may/8/paul-griffiths-duke-theology-professor-resigns-ove/

It seems to me that it is about changing culture and the failure to adapt to those cultural changes, only some of which relate to rules governing academic discourse and the values of the institution, although both arise out of culture.

One way of characterizing cultural difference related to communication is to distinguish between high context and low context cultures. In high context cultures those who involved in discourse operate within a deep, rich, shared context that provides the framework within which all statements are understood. No communication is comprehensible without a deep knowledge of the context of relationships within which it is made. And without reference to that context all statements may be misconstrued.

Low context cultures assume that all the information necessary for comprehension is included in the communication so that reference to context is unnecessary, and that dragging in context is misleading.

Lets look at the Paul Griffiths case above. In a high context culture it would be assumed that there is a lot going on in the background: his personal life, long term faculty relations, the larger social context, and etc. One might assume that hes even a proxy for someone in higher position of authority. Or one might assume that this is related to a completely different agenda and is intended to distract attention for other things going on in the academic environment.

In a low context culture his communications (and those of others) would be assumed to mean exactly what they say and no more.

Oh yes, the character of the communicator is also judged differently when a high context culture judges a low context culture and visa-versa. For those in a low context culture high context communications seem to come from people who can never really be honest or trustworthy. For those in a high context culture low context communicators are just insensitive jerks who dont know how to be polite.

These differences are vastly exacerbated in the world of digital communications. The most important context for all communication is the carriage, expression, and tone of voice of the communicator. All of these are absent in email.

US academic cultures continue to be shaped by the fact that for centuries they were the domain of Anglo-European men and were rooted in the academic cultures of England and Germany. This made them dominantly low context among peers, and to bring in another measure of culture, high power/distance with regard to assumed subordinates. For this reason they were always somewhat alien to US popular culture, as discourse around ivory towers, pointy headed intellectuals, and those who cant do so they teach attests.

But in the last half century the wider US culture has flooded into academia, bringing with it not only a suspicion of the faculty club culture coming from within but also new values and assumptions about communication (and many other aspects of culture). Add social changes, and the lack thereof, that empower, embolden, and embitter different groups and the odds of miscommunication raise considerably.

Is there a lesson? Yes. First, since email is a low context medium it should be used primarily to convey information in a way that is comprehensible without reference to context. Enthusiasm and disdain alike are better communicated face to face although the expectation that the latter will be well received in any culture is foolish.

More importantly all participants in academic discourse need to be aware of not only what they want to communicate, but the rapidly changing cultural environment in which they are communicating. Assuming we want to create an effect, it is wise for us to consider the culture of our audience or we might create the wrong effect.

When I lived in Austria (a low context culture) it was worthless for me to tell a repair person, It would be good if you can come on Wednesday morning. The word would simply communicated that I didnt know what I wanted or didnt care. What worked was, Come on Wednesday morning at 9:00. When I lived in Malaysia if I told a student, Could you see me Wednesday at 9:00, he or she would worry for days that Iwas signaling that Id either been offended or intended to have someone else (a fearsome thought) come to the meeting.

The mastery of the knowledge, skills, and habits that make cross-cultural communication possible is difficult. It takes both commitment and time. It remains to be seen whether modern academics are willing to make that commitment.Clearer is that in the emerging academic culture communication based on outdated assumptions of fading cultural norms will no longer be excused.

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Political Correctness or Political Culture? - Patheos - Patheos (blog)

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Political Correctness Or Torah Truth? – The Jewish Press – JewishPress.com

Posted: at 5:55 am

Photo Credit: Rabbi Eliyahu Safran

If one weighs with weights that are deficient by the standards agreed upon in his locality, or measures with a measuring vessel deficient by the agreed standards, he violates a negative commandment, for Scripture states (Vayikra 19:35), You shall do no unrighteousness in judgment, in length, in weight, or in measure. Maimonides, Mishneh Torah

Political correctness does not have an exemplary history. In the middle of the past century, it was, according to Wikipedia, associated with the dogmatic application of Stalinist doctrine Hardly a ringing endorsement. Its use now, as part of our toxic political discourse, is as a club with which to hammer the opposition.

Although used mostly against liberals, the truth is that political correctness is difficult to define, as it almost always resides in the eyes of the user.

To more conservative commentators, political correctness covers nearly every perceived weakness of a more liberal worldview. To those same liberals, the use of the term by conservatives is code to paper over fairness and decency. After all, discourse we now consider wrong racist and anti-Semitic terminology, for exanple was once normal and acceptable, until someone identified it as politically incorrect even though it was not called that then.

Our tradition is very clear as to the respect and decency that is to be afforded all people.

Our concern, however, is that the desire to be politically correct has gone overboard; that we no longer simply defend who a person is but find ourselves pressured to defend whatever anyone might think or claim for themselves. As a result, we may also be called upon to implicitly or explicitly defend behaviors the Torah deems wrong.

This is not consistent with our tradition.

Our tradition teaches that every human being, created in the image of God, deserves compassion and sensitivity. But as our code of behavior makes clear, not every form of behavior should be granted that same consideration.

This is certainly true when it comes to matters of sexuality. God makes clear in the very first parshah of Torah that He created man and he created woman and He ordained the institution of marriage.

In matters of Torah, the changing perspectives of society and culture have no bearing on what is right and wrong.

Sensitivity and compassion, yes.

Approval, no.

Hoseas final verse, which Rabban Yochanan ben Zakai used to teach this lesson for all time, begins with the words mi chacham who is wise?

The Malbim teaches, A person is capable of achieving understanding in many areas through his own intelligence. However, when dealing with matters beyond human comprehension, he must first acquire the necessary wisdom and only then can he deepen his understanding through his logical prowess

His insight applies particularly to the knowledge of the ways of Hashem, along with matters of Godliness. So who is wise? He who has acquired the wisdom of Hashems ways, and can thereby build upon that wisdom to achieve understanding. This teaching makes clear that when it comes to matters of Godliness, the very notion of political correctness is irrelevant.

Political correctness has created an environment in which there is fake news and fake facts. There are numerous examples of how this has poisoned the political discourse and caused people to be fearful of speaking out.

It is madness when more than 75 percent of births in Detroit are to unwed mothers, yet it is politically incorrect to suggest that there is something wrong with this. It was frightening when a high school in California recently sent five students home from school for wearing shirts displaying the American flag on Cinco de Mayo.

And for Chris Matthews of MSNBC to suggest it was racist when conservatives use the term Chicago borders on journalistic malpractice. In such a damaged environment, it is easy to reduce Godliness to just another talking point.

But as history and tradition has taught us, Godliness is not so easily diminished by the whim and foolishness of man.

* * * * *

Not long after a recent conversation about the perils of this politically correct/incorrect environment we live in, I returned to my study of that particular days Daf Yomi, which had, for the previous few days, devoted several Talmudic dapim to the many halachic details concerning honest weights and measures.

The Torah declares the need for absolute accuracy of scales and all their components so that there can be no doubt about honest dealings in commerce between man and man. The Talmud elaborates on the essential need for such accuracy and honesty. R Levi suggests that the punishment for dishonest weights is even more severe than for illicit relations; that stealing from humans is worse than stealing from God [from Hekdesh].

The Torah is clear: there can be no compromise in these matters. Among the many details taught on the Daf (Bava Batra 89) is the instruction not to use scales made of wood, lead, or other metals (for they corrode or become sticky with grease, which affects their accuracy). We learn that the utensil used to flatten off the top of the materials being weighed should not be too hard or too soft, along with other detailed instructions all to guarantee that no one will ever be cheated.

After elucidating these instructions, we hear uncertainty from the greatest scholar of all, Rabban Yochanan be Zakai. Having these teachings, should he actually teach them? Woe unto me if I teach it to them and woe unto me if I dont teach it to them.

In other words, in teaching these things, he might very well reveal the tricks of the trade which dishonest people could then use to cheat more effectively. But in not teaching these things, dishonest people will believe the talmidei chachamim, the rabbis and religious teachers, are ignorant about thievery and dishonesty that is, that they know nothing about contemporary issues.

So, the Talmud asks, What did R Yochanan ben Zakai actually do? Rav Shmuel bar Yitzchak teaches that R Yochanan ben Zakai did teach all of the passages detailing the various methods of weights and measures. He did not hide Gods word simply because the ramaim might glean untruths by evaluating truthfulness.

R Yochanan was not only the greatest of scholars but also a successful businessman. He knew there were those who would use any opportunity to cheat but he was not concerned about being politically correct (after all, todays ramaim are those who seek to be politically correct at the expense of truth, honesty, and morality).

R Yochanan spoke truth honestly and forcefully. Certainly it was as difficult for him to do so in his time as it is for us in ours. Why did he do it? Where did he find the courage? Rav Shmuel bar Yitzchak suggests the answer. Because the last verse in Hoseas impassioned declaration balances blunt judgment with love and mercy. For the ways of Hashem are straight; the righteous will walk with them and sinners will stumble over them.From this, R Yochanan taught that Gods absolute truth must be revealed without hesitation or fear.

There is no political correctness in Torah. The righteous need to know the truth if they are to do right. The righteous want to know Gods will. As for the siners, they will stumble over them. The sinners will always find new ways of thievery. Their sinfulness should never be an excuse for withholding Gods Torah.

As Jews, our tradition and Gods teaching command that we speak out. Marriage is between man and woman. Other forms of union can be described in many ways but not as marriage. Ish is ish. Isha is isha. Man is man. Woman is woman. No political movement can change that. No governmental law or edict can compromise that.

Terrorism is terrorism. A murderer is a murderer.

Our tradition teaches compassion and sensitivity to the person, not the act. Many factors and variables contribute to the people we become. Children are abused. Families are dysfunctional. There is alcohol and drug abuse. Terrible, terrible things. But they do not excuse behavior that God condemns.

R Yochanans lesson is not just about weights and measures, it is an eternal lesson to be applied to all situations the worlds righteous, even in silence, deserve and need to hear truth while the cheaters and charlatans will inevitably stumble, truth or no truth.

Those who seek only political correctness are uninterested in Gods truth.

R Eliezer of Beaugency says of Hoseas statement, The wayward see the ways of Hashem as being the source of their downfall, for their sole interest in life is fulfilling their whims and desires, and the ways of the Torah stand in their way.

Rdak elaborates, The stumblers say there is no mesader umanhig haolam [Godly law and order] and there is no absolute yosher so they follow their hearts whims and desires. They will fail and will be lost.

R Yochanan be Zakai taught truth to power and, in doing so, saved the Jewish nation in the midst of destruction and hopelessness.

To teach or not to teach? The answer is clear.

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