Category Archives: Quantum Computing

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Baidu is the latest entrant in the quantum computing race, which has been ongoing for years among both big tech and startups. Nevertheless, quantum computing may face a trough of disillusionment as practical applications remain far from reality.

Last week, Baidu unveiled its first quantum computer, coined Qian Shi, as well as what it claimed is the worlds first all-platform integration solution, called Liang Xi. The quantum computer is based on superconducting qubits, which is one of the first types of qubits, among many techniques that have been investigated, that became widely adopted, most notably in the quantum computer which Google used to proclaim quantum supremacy.

Qian Shi has a computing power of 10 high-fidelity qubits. High fidelity refers to low error rates. According to the Department of Energys Office of Science, once the error rate is less than a certain threshold i.e., about 1% quantum error correction can, in theory, reduce it even further. Beating this threshold is a milestone for any qubit technology, according to the DOEs report.

Further, Baidu said it has also completed the design of a 36-qubit chip with couplers, which offers a way to reduce errors. Baidu said its quantum computer integrates both hardware, software and applications. The software-hardware integration allows access to quantum chips via mobile, PC and the cloud.

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Moreover, Liang Xi, Baidu claims, can be plugged into both its own and third-party quantum computers. This may include quantum chips built on other technologies, with Baidu giving a trapped ion device developed by the Chinese Academy of Sciences as an example.

With Qian Shi and Liang Xi, users can create quantum algorithms and use quantum computing power without developing their own quantum hardware, control systems or programming languages, said Runyao Duan, director of the Institute for Quantum Computing at Baidu Research. Baidus innovations make it possible to access quantum computing anytime and anywhere, even via smartphone. Baidus platform is also instantly compatible with a wide range of quantum chips.

Despite Baidus claim of being the worlds first such solution, the Liang Xi platform is reminiscent of Israels Innovation Authority approach, which is also aimed at being compatible with various types of qubits.

Although this is Baidus first quantum computer, the company has already submitted over 200 patents throughout the last four years since the founding of its quantum computing research institute. The patents span various areas of research including quantum algorithms and applications, communications and networks, encryption and security, error correction, architecture, measurement and control and chip design.

Baidu claims its offering paves the way for the industrialization of quantum computing, making it the latest company to make grandiose claims about quantum computing being on the verge of widespread adoption. Some quantum startups have already amassed staggering valuations of over $1 billion.

However, real applications for quantum computers, besides encryption, have yet to emerge. And even if they do, its expected that those will require thousands, which is far from what has anyone yet been able to achieve. For example, this scalability concern led Intel to stop pursuing the popular superconducting qubit approach in favor of the less mature silicon and silicon-germanium qubits, which are based on transistor-like structures that can be manufactured using traditional semiconductor equipment.

Nevertheless, voices are already emerging to warn of overhyping the technology. In the words of the Gartner Hype Cycle, this may mean that quantum computing may approach its trough of disillusionment.

The other main challenge in quantum computing is that real qubits tend to be too noisy, leading to decoherence This leads to the necessity of using quantum error correction, which increases the number of qubits far above the theoretical minimum for a given application. A solution called noisy intermediate scale quantum (NISQ) has been proposed as a sort of midway, but its success has yet to be shown.

The history of classical computers is filled with examples of applications that the technology enabled that had never been thought of beforehand. This makes it tempting to think that quantum computing may similarly revolutionize civilization. However, most approaches for qubits currently rely on near-absolute zero temperature. This inherent barrier implies quantum computing may remain limited to enterprises.

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How reality gets in the way of quantum computing hype - VentureBeat

Fujitsu and Japans Riken research institution will team to deliver Japan-made quantum computing starting next April, according to an article on the Nikkei Asia news site.The story states that Fujitsus quantum system is expected to have 64 qubits, more than the 53 qubits in Googles 2019 machine and second to IBMs 127 qubits developed in 2021, Nikkei reported, adding that Fujitsu hopes to deliver a machine with more than 1,000 qubits in 2026.

Last April, Fujitsu and Riken built a base in Saitama, Japan for joint quantum computing development, the Nikkei story stated, with approximately 20 researchers on site. The system is expected to be used for financial forecasting, new materials and medical workloads.

Fujitsu will now use technology and know-how from Riken to become the first Japanese company to build quantum computers, the story said. Like Google and IBM, Fujitsu will adopt a method of computing with a superconductive circuit that is cooled to extremely low temperatures to eliminate electrical resistance.

In other quantum, Chinese AI company Baidu announced last week its first superconducting quantum computer that fully integrates hardware, software, and applications, according to the company.

Baidu also introduced the worlds first all-platform quantum hardware-software integration solution that provides access to various quantum chips via mobile app, PC, and cloud, the company said.

Located at Baidus Quantum Computing Hardware Lab in Beijing, Qian Shi is Baidus first industry-level superconducting quantum computer. Baidu said the system incorporates its hardware platform with Baidus home-grown software stack.

Qian Shi offers high-fidelity 10 quantum bits (qubits) of power, the company said. In addition, Baidu has recently completed the design of a 36-qubit superconducting quantum chip with couplers, which demonstrates promising simulation results across key metrics.

Baidu also highlighted development of Liang Xi, which the company said is the first all-platform quantum hardware-software integration that offers quantum services through private deployment, cloud services, and hardware access. Liang Xi plugs into Qian Shi and other third-party quantum computers, including a 10-qubit superconducting quantum device and a trapped ion quantum device developed by the Chinese Academy of Sciences. Users can visit these quantum computational resources via mobile app, PC, and cloud, Baidu said.

With Qian Shi and Liang Xi, users can create quantum algorithms and use quantum computing power without developing their own quantum hardware, control systems, or programming languages, said Dr. Runyao Duan, Director of the Institute for Quantum Computing at Baidu Research. Baidus innovations make it possible to access quantum computing anytime and anywhere, even via smartphone. Baidus platform is also instantly compatible with a wide range of quantum chips, meaning plug-and-play access is now a reality.

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Fujitsu, Riken Partner to Deliver Quantum Computing in Japan Next Year - High-Performance Computing News Analysis | insideHPC - insideHPC

SAN SEBASTIN, SPAIN, August 26, 2022 Quantum computing company Multiverse Computing today introduced the newest version of Singularity Portfolio Optimization (v 1.2). This release includes the Multiverse Hybrid Solver, designed to combines the strength of classical and quantum computing and is specifically suited to portfolio optimization problems.

The Multiverse Hybrid Solver can optimize large portfolios of thousands of assets, finding the portfolio with the highest returns for a given risk and producing the same quality of results as industry-standard solvers in a significantly shorter amount of time.

According to John Malcolm, Financial Engineer overseeing Singularity Portfolio Optimization at Multiverse, this new release represents the next step in the ongoing evolution of the Singularity Portfolio Optimization Excel plug-in.

This latest version of Singularity provides a quantum-based solution to a simple case portfolio optimization which is competitive against classical approaches currently used in industry, said Malcolm. Exciting new developments on our roadmap will extend the applicability of this product to cover more exotic cases of portfolio optimization which classical approaches struggle with.

The tool is designed to help portfolio managers find the optimal balance between risk and reward among the range of assets under consideration, while adhering to minimum and maximum allocations per asset according to the investors preferences.

The Singularity Portfolio Optimization Excel plug-in now offers three solvers:

This particular tool from Multiverse Computing is designed for large financial institutions, such as banks, hedge funds, pension funds and insurance companies. The generic optimization library that the Portfolio Optimization app is built on top of has much broader applicability to any sector where optimization is important, such as energy, manufacturing, health and life sciences, aerospace, and more.

The Singularity Portfolio Optimization plug-in can be used to build a portfolio from scratch or to improve an existing one. It is useful for developing medium to long-term strategies or for more frequent performance improvements. The newest interface is more streamlined and allows the user to save optimization settings for convenience.

With this latest release, Singularity users also can:

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Multiverse Computing Releases New Version of Singularity SDK for Portfolio Optimization with Quantum - High-Performance Computing News Analysis |...

It is perhaps not surprising that the big cloud providers a poor term really have jumped into quantum computing. Amazon, Microsoft Azure, Google, and their like have steadily transformed into major technology developers, no doubt in service of their large cloud services offerings. The same is true internationally. You may not know, for example, that Chinas cloud giants Baidu, Alibaba, and Tencent also all have significant quantum development initiatives.

The global cloud crowd tends to leave no technology stone unturned and quantum was no different. Now the big players are all-in. At Amazon, most of the public attention has centered on Braket, its managed quantum services offering that provides tools for learning and access to a variety of quantum computers. Less well-known are Amazons Quantum Solutions Lab, Center for Quantum Computing, and Center for Quantum Networking, the last just launched in June. These four initiatives capture the scope of AWSs wide-ranging quantum ambitions, which include building a fault-tolerant quantum computer.

HPCwire recently talked with Simone Severini, director, quantum computing, AWS, about its efforts. A quantum physicist by training, Severini has been with AWS for ~ four years. He reports to AWSs overall engineering chief, Bill Vass. Noting that theres not much evidence that NISQ era systems will provide decisive business value soon, Severini emphasized quantum computing is a long-term bet. Now is the time for watching, learning, and kicking the tires on early systems.

Amazon Braket provides a huge opportunity for doing that. Customers can keep an eye on the dynamics of the evolution of this technology. We believe theres really not a single path to quantum computing. Its very, very early, right. This is a point that I like to stress, said Severini. I come from academia and have been exposed to quantum computing, one way or another, for over two decades. Its amazing to see the interest in the space. But we also need to be willing to set the right expectations. Its definitely very, very early still in quantum computing.

Launched in 2019, AWS describes Braket as a fully managed quantum computing service designed to help speed up scientific research and software development for quantum computing. This is not unlike what most big quantum computer makers, such D-Wave, IBM and Rigetti also provide.

The premise is to provide all the quantum tools and hardware infrastructure required for new and more experienced quantum explorers to use on a pay-as-you-go basis. Indeed, in the NISQ era, many believe such portal offerings are the only realistic way to deliver quantum computing. Cloud providers (and other concierge-like service providers such Strangeworks, for example) have the advantage of being able to provide access to several different systems.

With Braket, said Severini, Users dont have to sign contracts. Just go there, and you have everything you need to see whats going on [in quantum computing], to program or to simulate, and to use quantum computers directly. We have multiple devices with different [qubit] technologies on the service. The hope is that on one side, customers can indeed keep an eye on the technology on the other side, researchers can run experiments and hopefully contribute to knowledge as well contribute to science.

Braket currently offers access to quantum computers based on superconducting, trapped ion, photonic, and quantum annealers. Presumably other qubit technologies, cold atoms for example, will be added over time.

Interestingly, Braket is also a learning tool for AWS. Its an important exercise for us as well, because in this way, we can envision how quantum computers one day, would really feed a complex, cloud based infrastructure. Today, the workloads on Braket are all experimental, but for us, its important to learn things like security or operator usability, and the management of resources that we do for customers, said Severini. This is quite interesting, because in the fullness of time, a quantum computer could be used together with a lot of other classical resources, including HPC.

On the latter point, there is growing belief that much of quantum computing may indeed become a hybrid effort with some pieces of applications best run on quantum computers and other parts best run on classical resources. Well see. While it is still early days for the pursuit of hybrid classical-quantum computing, AWS launched Amazon Braket Hybrid late year. Heres an excerpt of AWSs description:

Amazon Braket Hybrid Jobs enables you to easily run hybrid quantum-classical algorithms such as the Variational Quantum Eigensolver (VQE) and the Quantum Approximate Optimization Algorithm (QAOA), that combine classical compute resources with quantum computing devices to optimize the performance of todays quantum systems. With this new feature, you only have to provide your algorithm script and choose a target device a quantum processing unit (QPU) or quantum circuit simulator. Amazon Braket Hybrid Jobs is designed to spin up the requested classical resources when your target quantum device is available, run your algorithm, and release the instances after completion so you only pay for what you use. Braket Hybrid Jobs can provide live insights into algorithm metrics to monitor your algorithm as it progresses, enabling you to make adjustments more quickly. Most importantly, your jobs have priority access to the selected QPU for the duration of your experiment, putting you in control, and helping to provide faster and more predictable execution.

To run a job with Braket Hybrid Jobs, you need to first define your algorithm using either the Amazon Braket SDK orPennyLane. You can also use TensorFlow and PyTorch or create a custom Docker container image. Next, you create a job via the Amazon Braket API or console, where you provide your algorithm script (or custom container), select your target quantum device, and choose from a variety of optional settings including the choice of classical resources, hyper-parameter values, and data locations. If your target device is a simulator, Braket Hybrid Jobs is designed to start executing right away. If your target device is a QPU, your job will run when the device is available and your job is first in the queue. You can define custom metrics as part of your algorithm, which can be automatically reported to Amazon CloudWatch and displayed in real time in the Amazon Braket console. Upon completion, Braket Hybrid Jobs writes your results to Amazon S3 and releases your resources.

The second initiative, Amazon Quantum Solution Lab, is aimed at collaborative research programs; it is, in essence, Amazons professional quantum services group.

They engage in research project with customers. For example, they recently wrote a paper with a team of researchers at Goldman Sachs. They run a very interesting initiative together with BMW Group, something called the BMW Group quantum computing challenge. BMW proposed four areas related to their interests, like logistic, manufacturing, some stuff that related to automotive engineering, and there was a call for a proposal to crowdsource solutions that use quantum computers to address these problems, said Severini.

There were 70 teams, globally, that submitted solutions. I think this is very interesting because [its still early days] and the fact is that quantum computers are not useful in business problems today. They cant [yet] be more impactful than classical computing today. An initiative of this type can really help bridge the real world with the theory. We have several such initiatives, he said.

Building a Fault-Tolerant Computer

Amazons efforts to build a fault-tolerant quantum are based at the AWS Center for Quantum Computing, located in Pasadena, Calif., and run in conjunction with Caltech. We launched this initiative in 2019 but last year, in 2021, we opened a building that we built inside the campus of Caltech, said Severini. Its a state of the art research facility and we are doing research to build an error-corrected, fault tolerant computer, he said.

AWS has settled on semiconductor-based superconducting qubit technology, citing the deep industry knowledge of semiconductor manufacturing techniques and scalability. The challenge, of course, is achieving fault-tolerance. Todays NISQ systems are noisy and error-prone and require near-zero Kelvin temperatures. Severini said simply, There is a lot of scientific challenges still and theres a lot of engineering to be done.

We believe strongly that there are two things that need to be done at this stage. One is improving error rates at the physical level and to invest in material science to really understand on a fundamental level how to build components that have an improvement in with respect to error rates. The second point is [to develop] new qubit architectures for protecting qubits from errors, he said.

This facility includes everything [to do] that. We are doing the full stack. Were building everything ourselves from software to the architecture to the qubits, and the wiring. These are long-term investments, said Severini.

AWS has been relatively quiet in promoting its quantum computer building effort. It has vigorously embraced competing qubit technologies on Braket, and Severini noted that its still unclear how progress will unfold. Some approaches may work well for a particular application but not for others. AWS is tracking all of them, and is including some prominent quantum researchers. For example, John Preskill, the Caltech researcher who coined the term NISQ, is an Amazon Scholar. (Preskill, of course, is fittingly the Richard P. Feynman Professor of Theoretical Physics at the California Institute of Technology.)

Last February, AWS published a paper in PRX Quantum (Building a fault-tolerant quantum computer using concatenated cat codes) which outlines directional thinking. The abstract is excerpted below:

We present a comprehensive architectural analysis for a proposed fault-tolerant quantum computer based on cat codes concatenated with outer quantum error-correcting codes. For the physical hardware, we propose a system of acoustic resonators coupled to superconducting circuits with a two-dimensional layout. Using estimated physical parameters for the hardware, we perform a detailed error analysis of measurements and gates, includingcnotand Toffoli gates. Having built a realistic noise model, we numerically simulate quantum error correction when the outer code is either a repetition code or a thin rectangular surface code.

Our next step toward universal fault-tolerant quantum computation is a protocol for fault-tolerant Toffoli magic state preparation that significantly improves upon the fidelity of physical Toffoli gates at very low qubit cost. To achieve even lower overheads, we devise a new magic state distillation protocol for Toffoli states. Combining these results together, we obtain realistic full-resource estimates of the physical error rates and overheads needed to run useful fault-tolerant quantum algorithms. We find that with around 1000 superconducting circuit components, one could construct a fault-tolerant quantum computer that can run circuits, which are currently intractable for classical computers. Hardware with 18000 superconducting circuit components, in turn, could simulate the Hubbard model in a regime beyond the reach of classical computing.

The latest big piece of Amazons quantum puzzle is the AWS Center for Quantum Networking, located in Boston. AWS says major news about the new center is forthcoming soon. The quantum networking center, said Severini, is focused on hardware, software, commercial and scientific applications. That sounds like a lot and is perhaps in keeping with Amazons ambitious quantum programs overall.

The proof of all these efforts, as the saying goes, will be in the pudding.

Stay tuned.

Feature Image:A microwave package encloses the AWS quantum processor. The packaging is designed to shield the qubits from environmental noise while enabling communication with the quantum computers control systems. Source: AWS

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AWS Takes the Short and Long View of Quantum Computing - HPCwire

Westford, USA, Aug. 30, 2022 (GLOBE NEWSWIRE) -- Quantum computers touted as next big thing in computing. Major reliance on quantum computers could mean we're soon entering a new era of artificial intelligence, ubiquitous sensors, and more efficient drug discovery. While quantum computers are still in the earliest stages of development, growing interest in their capabilities means that they are likely to become a central part of future computing systems. This has created a growing demand for quantum computing market and software, with providers already reporting strong demand from major customers.

The promise of quantum computing is that it can solve complex problems much faster than traditional computers. This is because quantum computers are able to exploit the properties of subatomic particles such as photons, which are able to ferry information around extremely fast. So far, quantum computing market has been witnessing a demand coming mainly for scientific and research purposes.

However, this is set to change soon as there is growing demand for quantum computers market for various applications such as artificial intelligence (AI), machine learning and data analytics. Artificial intelligence (AI) is one application that could benefit greatly from the speed and accuracy of quantum computing. AI relies on algorithms that are trained on large data sets and are able to learn and improve upon their skills with repeated use. However, classical computer databases can take hours or even days to train an AI algorithm.

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Only 4 Countries are Responsible for 86% of Total Funding Since 2001

Quantum computing market is heating up. Companies like Google and IBM are racing to develop the technology, which could one day lead to massive improvements in artificial intelligence and other areas of cybersecurity. As per SkyQuests analysis, $1.9 billion public funding was announced in the second half of the year 2021, which, in turn, took the total global funding to $31 billion from year 2001. It was also observed that most of the private and public funding is coming from the US only, which account for around 49% of the private fundings, which is followed by UK (17%), Canada (14%), and China (6%).

In 2021, the global quantum computing market witnessed an investment of around $3 billion, out of which $1.9 billion came in the second of the year. All this investment is coming from both private and public domain to feast on the upcoming opportunity of generating around $41 billion revenue by the year 2040 at a CAGR of more than 30%. The market is projected to experience a significant surge in the demand for quantum sensing and Quantum communication in the years to come. As a result, investors have started pouring money to take advantage of rapidly expanding field. For instance, in 2021 alone, $1.1 billion out of $3 billion were invested in these two technologies. To be precise, $400 million and $700 million respectively.

SkyQuest has done deep study on public and private investment coming into global quantum computing market. This will help the market participants in understanding who are the major investors, what is their area of interest, what makes them to invest in the technology, investors profile analysis, investment pockets, among others.

IonQ, Rigetti, and D-Wave are Emerging Players in Global Quantum Computing Market

As quantum computing market becomes more mainstream, companies like IonQ, Rigetti and D-Wave are quickly proving they are the top emerging players in the field. IonQ is has been working on developing ionic quantum computer technology for several years now. IonQs flagship product is the IonQ One, which is a single-core quantum computer that can process quantum information.

The IonQ One has already been deployed at a number of institutions around the global quantum computing market including NASA.

Rigetti is another company that has been making significant strides in the development of quantum computing technology. Rigettis flagship product is the Rigetti Quilter, which is a scalable two-qubit quantum computer. The Rigetti Quilter is currently undergoing Phase II testing at NASAs Ames Research Center. D-Wave has also been making significant progress in the development of quantum computing technology. D-Waves flagship product is the D-Wave Two, which is a five-qubit quantum computer. The D-Wave Two was recently deployed at Google physicists to help accelerate the discovery of new phenomena in physics.

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Regetti has secured a total funding of around $298 million through 11 rounds until 2022 in the global quantum computing market. As per our analysis, the company has secured its last funding through post IPO equity. Wherein, Bessemer Venture Partners and Franklin Templeton Investments are the major investor in the company.

As per SkyQuests findings, these three organizations have collectively generated revenue of around $32 million in 2021 with market cap of more than $3 billion. However, at the same time, they are facing heavy loss. For instance, in 2021, they faced collective loss of over $150 million. Our observation also noticed that billions of dollars are poured into building the quantum computers, but most of the market players are not earning much in revenue in terms of ROI.

SkyQuest has published a report on global quantum computing market and have tracked all the current developments, market revenue, companys growth plans and strategies, their ROI, SWOT analysis, and value chain analysis. Apart from this, the provides insights about market dynamics, competitive landscape, market share analysis, opportunities, trends, among others.

Machine Learning Generated Revenue of Over $189 Million in 2021

Today, machine learning is heavily used for training artificial intelligence systems using data. Quantum computing market can help to speed up the process of training these systems by vastly increasing the amount of data that can be processed. This potential advantage of quantum computing is the ability to perform Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) calculations millions of times faster than classical computers. This is important for tasks like image processing and machine learning, which rely on fast FFT algorithms for comparing data sets.

A huge potential of quantum computing market has led to the development of several machine learning applications that use quantum computers. Some of these applications include fraud detection, drug discovery, and speech recognition. As per SkyQuest, fraud detection and drug discovery market were valued at around $25.1 billion and $75 billion, respectively. This represents a huge revenue opportunity for quantum computing market.

This technology has been used for a variety of purposes, including predicting the stock market and automating tasks such as decision making and recommendations. In machine learning, generating revenue is a major challenge through traditional processing. Wherein, traditional computer processing can only handle a small amount of data at a time. This limits how much data can be used in machine learning projects, which in turn limits the accuracy of the predictions made by the ANNs.

Quantum computing solves this problem by allowing computers to perform multiple calculations at the same time. This makes it possible to process vast amounts of data and make accurate predictions. As a result, quantum computing has already begun to revolutionize machine learning market.

SkyQuest has prepared a report on global quantum computing market. The report has segmented the market by application and done in-depth analysis of each application in revenue generation, market forecast, factors responsible for growth, and top players by applications, among others. The report would help to understand the potential of global market by application and understand how other players performing and generating revenue in each segment.

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Top Development in Global Quantum Computing Market

Top Players in Global Quantum Computing Market

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Quantum Computing Market to Expand by 500% by 2028 | 86% of Investments in Quantum Computing Comes from 4 countries - GlobeNewswire

Quantum computing breakthroughs and solutions are explored via presentations, workshops, tutorials, panels, keynotes, and exhibitions

LOS ALAMITOS, Calif., Aug. 30, 2022 /PRNewswire/ --The IEEE International Conference on Quantum Computing and Engineering (QCE22), today unveils its action-packed 2022 conference program for the upcoming five-day event taking place 18 - 23 September 2022, live at the Omni Interlocken Hotel in Broomfield, Colorado, and virtually. Bridging the gap between the science of quantum computing and the development of the industry behind it, attendees at IEEE Quantum Week will experience a dynamic program set to deliver cutting-edge developments in quantum research, practice, applications, education, and training.

IEEE Quantum Week 2022, will take place from 18-23 September 2022, live at the Omni Interlocken Hotel in Broomfield, Colorado, as well as virtually. Attendees will learn about and experience cutting-edge developments in quantum research, practice, applications, education, and training. Registration Is Open Now.

Registration is open for IEEE Quantum Week at https://web.cvent.com/event/41315fca-fab0-4847-8bcd-ca0e07d2c849/summary.

The third annual IEEE Quantum Week will deliver five dynamic days of programming that includes 9 world-class keynote speakers, over 23 exciting exhibits, 25 workforce-building tutorials, 16 community-building workshops, 70+ technical paper presentations, 60 innovative posters, 13 stimulating panels, and Birds-of-a-Feather sessions.

"IEEE Quantum Week is a unique gathering for a broad and diverse community of researchers, developers, end users, and learners, spanning academia, industry, and government to bridge the gap between theory and practice," said Greg Byrd, QCE22 general chair. "We're thrilled to provide a space where partnerships can be forged, ultimately leading to quantum-based solutions to the most challenging problems. All are welcome to learn, contribute, and lead in this dynamic, exciting world of quantum computing and engineering."

IEEE Quantum Week 2022's keynote speakers are:

Chris Monroe Co-founder and Chief Scientist, IonQ, and Gilhuly Family Presidential Distinguished Professor, Duke University

Stephanie Wehner Antoni van Leeuwenhoek Professor in Quantum Information, TU Delft

Mercedes Gimeno-Segovia VP of System Architecture, PsiQuantum

Fred Chong Seymour Goodman Professor, University of Chicago, and Chief Scientist for Software, ColdQuanta

Ilyas Khan Founder, Cambridge Quantum, and CEO, Quantinuum

Anna Grasselino Senior Scientist, Fermilab

Katie Pizzolato Director, IBM Quantum Strategy and Applications Research

Michael J. Biercuk CEO and Founder, Q-CTRL, and professor of quantum physics and technology, University of Sydney

Wim van Dam Principal Researcher, Microsoft Quantum Systems group

Story continues

Visit IEEE Quantum Week to download the conference program, see the full list of speakers and abstracts, and view all event news including sponsors and exhibitors.

Register here to be a part of IEEE Quantum Week 2022.

The IEEE Quantum Week 2022 Registration Package includes virtual access to IEEE Quantum Week as well as on-demand access to all recorded events until 30 November 2022. The IEEE Quantum Week schedule will take place during Mountain Daylight Time (MDT).

IEEE Quantum Week 2022 is co-sponsored by the IEEE Computer Society, IEEE Communications Society, IEEE Council of Superconductivity, IEEE Future Directions Quantum Initiative, IEEE Photonics Society, IEEE Technology and Engineering Management Society, IEEE Electronics Packaging Society, IEEE Signal Processing Society, IEEE Electron Device Society, and IEEE Consumer Technology Society.

About the IEEE Computer Society

The IEEE Computer Societyis the world's home for computer science, engineering, and technology. A global leader in providing access to computer science research, analysis, and information, the IEEE Computer Society offers a comprehensive array of unmatched products, services, and opportunities for individuals at all stages of their professional careers. Known as the premier organization that empowers the people who drive technology, the IEEE Computer Society offers international conferences, peer-reviewed publications, a unique digital library, and training programs.

About the Technical Council on Software Engineering

The IEEE Computer Society Technical Community on Software Engineering (TCSE) encourages the application of engineering methods and principles to the development of computer software and works to increase professional knowledge of techniques, tools, and empirical data to improve software quality. TCSE cosponsors conferences, including the International Conference on Software Engineering, and several informal workshops every year.

About the IEEE Communications Society

The IEEE Communications Society promotes technological innovation and fosters the creation and sharing of information among the global technical community. The Society provides services to members for their technical and professional advancement and forums for technical exchanges among professionals in academia, industry, and public institutions.

About the IEEE Council on Superconductivity

The IEEE Council on Superconductivity and its activities and programs cover the science and technology of superconductors and their applications, including materials and their applications for electronics, magnetics, and power systems, where the superconductor properties are central to the application.

About the IEEE Electron Device Society

The IEEE Electron Device Society (EDS) fosters the professional growth of its members by satisfying their need for easy access to and exchange of technical information, publishing, education, and recognition, enhancing public visibility in the field of electron devices. The EDS field of interest includes all electron- and ion-based devices, in their classical or quantum states, using environments and materials in their lowest to highest conducting phase, in simple or engineered assembly, interacting with and delivering photo-electronic, electro-magnetic, electromechanical, electro-thermal, and bio-electronic signals.

About the IEEE Electronics Packaging Society

The IEEE Electronics Packaging Society is the leading international forum for scientists and engineers engaged in the research, design, and development of revolutionary advances in microsystems packaging and manufacturing.

About the IEEE Future Directions Quantum Initiative

IEEE Quantum is an IEEE Future Directions initiative launched in 2019 that serves as IEEE's leading community for all projects and activities on quantum technologies. IEEE Quantum is supported by leadership and representation across IEEE Societies and OUs. The initiative addresses the current landscape of quantum technologies, identifies challenges and opportunities, leverages and collaborates with existing initiatives, and engages the quantum community at large.

About the IEEE Photonics Society

The IEEE Photonics Society forms the hub of a vibrant technical community of more than 100,000 professionals dedicated to transforming breakthroughs in quantum physics into devices, systems, and products to revolutionize our daily lives. From ubiquitous and inexpensive global communications via fiber optics to lasers for medical and other applications, to flat-screen displays, to photovoltaic devices for solar energy, to LEDs for energy-efficient illumination, there are myriad examples of the Society's impact on the world around us.

About the IEEE Signal Processing Society

The IEEE Signal Processing Society is an international organization whose purpose is to advance and disseminate state-of-the-art scientific information and resources, educate the signal processing community, and provide a venue for people to interact and exchange ideas. The Signal Processing Society is a dynamic organization that is the preeminent source of signal processing information and resources to a global community.

About the IEEE Technology and Engineering Management Society

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IEEE International Conference on Quantum Computing and Engineering (QCE22) Reveals Program Covering 250+ Hours of Quantum Computing Research,...

The National Quantum Office of Singapore, VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland, IQM Quantum Computers, and CSC - IT Center for Science (Finland) agree to explore and promote research and development collaboration in the areas of quantum technologies.

Under the MoU, the parties aim to accelerate the development of quantum technology hardware components, algorithms and applications, and collaborate in the areas of quantum-accelerated high-performance computing and both terrestrial and satellite quantum communications. The MoU will also pave the way for knowledge exchange on national strategic roadmaps for quantum technologies.

The cooperation agreement provides the prerequisites for versatile technology development, as it leverages the parties' respective strengths and expertise in quantum related technology.

VTT has 30 years of research experience in development and commercialisation of quantum technology solutions and is hosting Finlands first quantum computer Helmi. CSCs expertise lies in scientific computing solutions based on state-of-the-art research ICT infrastructures, and the enterprise recently celebrated the inauguration of the pan-European LUMI supercomputer, the most powerful in Europe. IQM is the European leader in building quantum computers for supercomputing centers and research laboratories.

The National Quantum Office (NQO) is responsible for the development and execution of Singapores National Quantum Strategy to advance Singapores quantum technologies, talent and ecosystem development. Three national level quantum programmes had been launched; namely the National Quantum Computing Hub, National Quantum-Safe Network and the National Quantum Fabless Foundry. These programmes bring together expertise and facilities from the Centre for Quantum Technologies teams at the National University of Singapore and Nanyang Technological University Singapore, A*STARs Institute of High Performance Computing, Institute of Materials Research and Engineering and the National Supercomputing Centre Singapore.

The National Quantum Offices collaboration with the Finnish quantum ecosystem is a tremendous opportunity to develop competitive and world leading quantum technologies, and nurture quantum talent. We look forward to pushing the frontiers of quantum technologies, and delivering impact for the ecosystem, says Ling Keok Tong, Executive Director, NQO.

VTT is honored to bring together organisations from within the Finnish quantum ecosystem and Singapores cutting edge know-how in the field of quantum computing. We are also looking forward to exploring the opportunities this cooperation can offer to VTT relating to quantum hardware and software development. I also believe that the cooperation between our countries will eventually benefit the whole quantum industry, says Erja Turunen, Executive Vice President, Digital Technologies, VTT.

Quantum-accelerated high-performance computing may enable completely new science. To achieve this, we need to efficiently merge quantum computers and supercomputers, a highly non-trivial task that requires the pooling of global know-how to be successful. We also aim to integrate several additional quantum resources to LUMI through new partnerships. The Singapore connection is a major step for us on the path towards both goals, comments Kimmo Koski, Managing Director, CSC.

This is a significant milestone for the quantum collaboration between two scientifically advanced nations and a recognition of our world-leading quantum expertise. This announcement provides IQM a launchpad for business development in Asia, to attract talent, and also collaborate on algorithms and enabling technologies research, says Dr. Juha Vartiainen, COO and Co-founder, IQM Quantum Computers.

Source:https://www.vttresearch.com/en

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Finland and Singapores National Quantum Office Ink MoU to Strengthen Quantum Technology Research Cooperation - AZoQuantum

A new generation of computer technology is on the horizon, which many think will eventually increase the computing power available to humanity by factors of thousands or possibly even millions. If this happens, it could vastly increase the speed at which we can carry out many vital tasks, such as discovering and testing new drugs or understanding the impact of climate change.

Quantum Computing Now And In The Future: Explanation, Applications, and Problems

Quantum computing is already with us in limited form. But the next five to 10 years may see it leap into the mainstream in the same way that classical computers moved from labs and large corporations to businesses of all sizes, as well as homes, in the 1970s and 1980s.

However, as well as big leaps forward in what we are able to do with computers, they also require us to face up to a new set of problems, specifically around the threats they pose to security and encryption. And some people think that, in fact, quantum computers may never be useful at all due to their complexity and the limited amount of tasks at which they have been shown to be superior to classical computer technology.

So, heres my overview of where we currently are and where were hoping to get to with quantum computing, with expert input from my most recent podcast guest, Lawrence Gasman, co-founder and president of Inside Quantum Technology and author of over 300 research reports.

What is quantum computing?

Like everything involving the quantum (sub-atomic) domain, quantum computing isnt the easiest concept to get your head around. Fundamentally, the term describes a new (or future) generation of super-fast computers that process information as qubits (quantum bits) rather than the regular bits ones and zeroes of classical computing.

Classical computers are really just much more sophisticated versions of pocket calculators they are based on electrical circuits and switches that can be either on (one) or off (zero). By stringing lots of these ones and zeroes together, they can store and process any information. However, their speed is always limited due to the fact that large amounts of information need a lot of ones and zeroes to represent it.

Rather than simple ones and zeroes, the qubits of quantum computing can exist in many different states. Due to the strange properties of quantum mechanics, this might mean they can exist as one and zero simultaneously (quantum superposition). They can also exist in any state between one and zero.

As Gasman explains, That means you can process a lot more information on a quantum computer, and that means you can do some problems much faster. And sometimes that really matters sometimes its not whoopee I can do this in two hours instead of two days, its whoopee I can do this in two hours instead of nine million years.

Nine million years sounds like the sort of number that people only use when they are exaggerating, but according to some estimates, quantum computers will operate 158 million times faster than the fastest supercomputers available today.

Theres one important caveat, though currently, quantum computers are only really useful for a fairly narrow set of uses. Dont expect to simply be able to plug a quantum processor into your Macbook and do everything that you can do on it now, but millions of times quicker.

So what can quantum computing do better than classical computing?

The truth is that classical computers can solve all of the problems that quantum computers will solve there hasnt yet been a use case discovered for quantum computers that cant already be done with classical computers.

The problem, Gasman tells me, is that it will take classical computers so long to solve them that anyone who starts looking for the answer today will be long dead!

In particular, they are potentially hugely useful for a set of problems known as optimization problems. The idea is illustrated by imagining a traveling salesman who has to visit a number of towns, in any order but without retracing their steps, and doing it while covering the shortest distance (or in the shortest amount of time) possible. Elementary mathematics can show us that as soon as there are more than a few towns, the number of possible routes becomes incredibly high millions or billions. This means that calculating the distance and time taken for all of them in order to find the fastest can take a huge amount of processing power if we're using classical binary computing.

This has implications for fields as diverse as tracing and routing financial transactions across global financial networks, developing new materials by manipulating physical or genetic properties, or even understanding how changing climate patterns affect the world around us.

Gasman tells me, "The ones that have the most potential are, I'd say, in very large banks but if you're a big corporation and you're giving Goldman Sachs a billion dollars to look after, do you really want them to put it in the hands of some newfangled technology? A certain level of trust will have to be established but all the big banks have their own quantum teams now exploring what can be done in the next five to 10 years.

What are the challenges around quantum computing?

Firstly, there are some pressing physics challenges that need to be solved. Qubits themselves, when existing in a physical state as they need to do to represent data and allow computation to take place, are highly unstable. This means they must be held in a super-cooled environment, even to exist for just a few nanoseconds, in order to be of use. This means that quantum computing is currently very expensive, and only the largest companies and best-funded research organizations can afford to own them.

This means that assessing use cases is an expensive and time-consuming process too. Already one use creating more efficient MRI scans - has proven to be a dead end, Gasman tells me.

Its also been suggested that cosmic rays could pose an obstacle to the widespread adoption of quantum computing. Moreover, the errors caused by the phenomena which can affect even classical computing could be even more impactful on the hyper-sensitive engineering needed to harness qubits on a large scale usefully.

Theres also a critical shortage of people with the skills to develop and work with quantum computers. As Gasman puts it, what you want is someone who is a computer scientist, and a physicist, and an expert on pharmaceuticals or finance the specifics of the disciplines are so different that getting people to talk to each other is quite difficult!

Finally, as well as the challenges around implementing quantum computing, we cant ignore the challenges that the technology will potentially create itself when it is widespread.

The one causing the biggest headaches right now is the threat it poses to encryption. Digital cryptography is used today to secure everything online, as well as all of our communications and information, such as military, commercial and national secrets. It works on the basis that encryption methods are so complex it would take classical computers millions or billions of years to crack them by brute-forcing every possible password or key. However, to quantum computers, doing so could be trivial.

"It's a huge issue," Gasman tells me. If I have something encrypted on my machine and its broken by somebody in nine million years, Im not likely to care that much!

But then it turns out that with a quantum computer, it can be decoded like, now this is a real problem!

"We don't have such a quantum computer, and the estimate of when it might appear is anything from five years to never I think it will happen sooner rather than later.

The problem is currently being taken very seriously by governments as well as corporations, which are both putting resources into developing what is known as "post-quantum encryption" so that, hopefully, all of their deepest secrets won't suddenly be laid bare.

What is in store for the future of quantum computing?

The first developments we are expected to see are likely to mirror those that occurred as classical computers moved from being lab toys or something only the largest corporations could afford in the latter half of the 20th century.

This is likely to follow the format of the transition from mainframes (filling entire buildings) to minicomputers (filling rooms) and eventually to microcomputers that could live on our desks.

This democratization of access to quantum power will lead to new use cases as businesses will be able to put it to the test against their own specific sets of challenges.

Gasman says, "A fifty-thousand dollar computer is something that most medium-sized companies can afford an eight-hundred thousand dollar computer not so much.

Problems where quantum computers will potentially be put to use include monitoring and predicting traffic flow across complex urban environments or even processing the huge amounts of data necessary for artificial intelligence and machine learning. If one day humans are able to model a system as complex as a biological brain paving the way for true AI it almost certainly wont be by using classical computing.

Gasman says, "The exciting thing for me is the breakthroughs that are likely to happen. To mix metaphors, the world is quantum computing's oyster. There are lots of good reasons to be in classical computing, but if you're looking for the massive breakthroughs it aint going to happen. Thats the excitement of quantum computing.

You can click here to watch my webinar with Lawrence Gasman, president, and co-founder of IQT Research, where we take a deeper dive into the future of quantum computing and what it means for the world.

To stay on top of the latest on the latest business and tech trends, make sure to subscribe to my newsletter and have a look at my book Business Trends in Practice, which just won the Business Book of the Year 2022.

You can also follow me on Twitter, LinkedIn, and YouTube. And dont forget to check out my website.

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Quantum Computing Now And In The Future: Explanation, Applications, And Problems - Forbes

Top quantum news roundup: An influx of commercially available quantum computers able to solve problems that are far beyond the capabilities of classical computers could take place over the next couple of years.

This development is set to supercharge advances in areas like AI, simulations, drug discovery, financial forecasting, global economic predictions, materials science, renewable energy, and beyond. Here are some organizations pushing the quantum needle:

Japans Fujitsu wants to beat Google and IBM to market.

Globally, quantum computing startups garnered $1.1 billion over the past year, up 13.5% YoY, per Tech Monitor.

China search engine giant Baidu says its 10-qubit Qian-Shi allows the public to apply quantum computing to practical problems without needing direct access to the physical hardware.

A team of Harvard researchers designed a quantum computer model made of giant atoms that can mimic functions of the human brain such as memory, multitasking, and decision-making.

High rewards + high risk: No longer confined to R&D labs, commercialization of quantum computing will likely pose as many risks as advantages.

Go here to read the rest:

Commercial quantum computer disruption on the horizon - Insider Intelligence

BEIJING, Aug. 25, 2022 /PRNewswire/ -- Baidu, Inc. (NASDAQ: BIDU and HKEX: 9888) ("Baidu" or the "Company"), a leading AI company with strong Internet foundation, today announced its first superconducting quantum computer that fully integrates hardware, software, and applications. On top of this, Baidu also introduced the world's first all-platform quantum hardware-software integration solution that provides access to various quantum chips via mobile app, PC, and cloud. Launched at Quantum Create 2022, a quantum developer conference held in Beijing, this new offering paves the way for the long-awaited industrialization of quantum computing.

A revolutionary technology that harnesses the laws of quantum mechanics to solve problems beyond the reach of classical computers, quantum computing is expected to bring ground-breaking transformations in fields like artificial intelligence (AI), computational biology, material simulation, and financial technology. However, a significant gap remains between quantum devices and services.

"Qian Shi"[1], Baidu's industry-level superconducting quantum computer incorporates its hardware platform with Baidu's home-grown software stack[2]. On top of this infrastructure are numerous practical quantum applications, such as quantum algorithms used to design new materials for novel lithium batteries or simulate protein folding.

Qian Shi offers a stable and substantial quantum computing service to the public with high-fidelity 10 quantum bits (qubits) of power. In addition, Baidu has recently completed the design of a 36-qubit superconducting quantum chip with couplers, which demonstrates promising simulation results across key metrics.

As quantum computing continues to experience remarkable progress, a large number of enterprises are exploring how quantum computing will contribute to their real-world businesses. This has led to the development of "Liang Xi"[3], the world's first all-platform quantum hardware-software integration solution that offers versatile quantum services through private deployment, cloud services, and hardware access. Liang Xi is able to plug into Qian Shi and other third-party quantum computers, including a 10-qubit superconducting quantum device and a trapped ion quantum device developed by the Chinese Academy of Sciences. Users can conveniently visit these quantum computational resources via mobile app, PC, and cloud.

"With Qian Shi and Liang Xi, users can create quantum algorithms and use quantum computing power without developing their own quantum hardware, control systems, or programming languages," said Dr. Runyao Duan, Director of the Institute for Quantum Computing at Baidu Research. "Baidu's innovations make it possible to access quantum computing anytime and anywhere, even via smartphone. Baidu's platform is also instantly compatible with a wide range of quantum chips, meaning 'plug-and-play' access is now a reality."

These latest innovations are backed by Baidu Research's Institute for Quantum Computing, whose technological footprint covers a wide range of areas, including quantum algorithms and applications, communications and networks, encryption and security, error correction, architecture, measurement and control, and chip design. Across more than four years of research and development, Baidu has submitted over 200 core technology patent applications in the quantum technology field.

About Institute for Quantum Computing at Baidu Research

The Institute for Quantum Computing at Baidu Research was established in March 2018 by Dr. Runyao Duan, founding director of the Quantum Software and Information Centre at the University of Technology Sydney. With quantum computing playing a crucial role in next-generation computing technology, Baidu aims to integrate quantum technologies into Baidu's core business, with the institute developing towards the goal of becoming a world-leading Quantum Artificial Intelligence (AI) research.

The Institute for Quantum Computing at Baidu Research aims at building full-stack quantum software and hardware solutions, and focuses on the breakthrough in fundamental Quantum research, the construction of autonomous and controllable quantum Infrastructure, the acceleration in practical quantum frontier Applications, and the development of industrial quantum Network, which altogether form Baidu's QIAN strategy. In building an open and sustainable quantum ecosystem, Baidu strives to achieve the vision of a world where "Everyone Can Quantum".

About Baidu

Founded in 2000, Baidu's mission is to make the complicated world simpler through technology. Baidu is a leading AI company with strong Internet foundation, trading on the NASDAQ under "BIDU" and HKEX under "9888." One Baidu ADS represents eight Class A ordinary shares.

Note:

1. Qian Shi () means "the origin of all things is found in the heavens" in Chinese.

2. Baidu's quantum software stack includes Quanlse, a cloud-based platform for quantum control, Quantum Leaf, a cloud-native quantum computing platform, QNET, a quantum network toolkit, QEP, a quantum error processing toolkit, and Paddle Quantum, a quantum machine learning platform. Learn more at quantum.baidu.com.

3. Liang Xi ().

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Baidu Releases Superconducting Quantum Computer and World's First All-Platform Integration Solution, Making Quantum Computing Within Reach - PR...