Category Archives: Hubble Telescope

Hubble Zooms Into the Sombrero Galaxy | Space Science Video
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LHN Earth Science Tools- Hubble Telescope Thom
Pro MLG Hubble Telescope Gameplay Question: Who invented the Hubble Telescope? Answer: Edwin Hubble.

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The Hubble space telescope captured three of Jupiter's largest moons in transit at the same time across the banded face of the planet.

The sharp photos released today by NASA were taken on January 24 with the Hubble telescope. They show three of Jupiter's biggest moons, Europa, Callisto and Io, moving together across the face of the gas-giant planet.

The three moons are known as Galilean moons since they were discovered by the scientist during the 17th century. With orbits ranging from two to 17 days, it's common for at least one of the moons to be seen orbiting the Jupiter. However, the convergence of the three is an occurrence so rare that NASA said it happens only once or twice per decade.

The fourth Galilean moon, Ganymede, was outside the Hubble's view and was not part of the celestial sight.

Of Jupiter's moons, the most interest has centered around Europa, which is thought to have elements that could make it hospitable to multi-cellular life.

Getting a closer look could soon be a reality. The $18.5 billion NASA budget recently proposed by the White House for next year includes money earmarked "for Planetary Science including formulation of a mission to Jupiters moon Europa."

Under its icy shell, Europa is believed to have an interior ocean that could perhaps be 10 times deeper than those on Earth, and include two to three times the volume of all liquid water on our planet.

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Hubble Telescope Captures Images of Rare Jupiter Triple-Moon

NASA's Hubble Space Telescope has captured three of Jupiter's moons marching across the huge planet's disc, a stunning sight that happens only once or twice every 10 years.

The rare triple-moon conjunction on Jupiter, which Hubble witnessed on Jan. 24, involved Io, Callisto and Europa three of the gas giant's four Galilean moons (so named because they were discovered by astronomer Galileo Galilei in the early 17th century).

"The moons in these photos have distinctive colors. The ancient, cratered surface of Callisto is brownish; the smooth icy surface of Europa is yellow-white; and the volcanic, sulfur-dioxide surface of Io is orange," representatives of the Space Telescope Science Institute (STScI) in Baltimore, which operates Hubble, wrote in a statement today (Feb. 5).

"The apparent 'fuzziness' of some of the shadows depends on the moons' distances from Jupiter," they added. "The farther away a moon is from the planet, the softer the shadow, because the shadow is more spread out across the disk."

The conjunction lasted about 42 minutes. The fourth Galilean moon, Ganymede, was outside Hubble's field of view during the triple transit, STScI representatives said.

Volcanic Io is the innermost of the Galilean moons, completing one lap around Jupiter every 1.8 days. Europa, Ganymede and Callisto have orbital periods of 3.6, 7.2 and 16.7 days, respectively.

With a diameter of 3,270 miles (5,260 kilometers), Ganymede is the largest natural satellite in the solar system. Indeed, it's bigger than the planet Mercury.

Europa is the smallest Galilean moon, at 1,900 miles (3,100 km) wide, but it generates excitement and intrigue disproportionate to its size. The satellite harbors an ocean of liquid water beneath its icy shell, and this ocean is thought to be in contact with Europa's rocky mantle, making possible all kinds of interesting chemical reactions.

Indeed, many scientists regard Europa as the solar system's best bet to host alien life. NASA is mapping out a robotic mission to Europa, which agency officials say should be ready to launch by the mid-2020s.

Follow Mike Wall on Twitter@michaeldwallandGoogle+.Follow us @Spacedotcom, Facebookor Google+. Originally published onSpace.com.

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Wow! Hubble Telescope Sees Rare 3-Moon Shadow Dance on Jupiter

Scientists working with the long-lived Hubble Space Telescope say that the intrepid eye on the sky could continue functioning through 2020, and even beyond.

Hubble is currently in good shape. The instruments repaired during the last Hubble servicing mission in 2009 have operated longer since the repairs than they did with the original hardware, Kenneth Sembach of the Space Telescope Science Institute said during a news conference in January at the 225th meeting of the American Astronomical Society.

Many of the other systems on Hubble are functioning well, even with the telescope reaching its 25th year in space in 2015. NASA did a study in 2013 evaluating Hubble's engineering and subsystems that ultimately showed a good likelihood that the telescope would continue functioning at least until 2020, Sembach said. [See amazing images taken by Hubble]

Operating the telescope through 2020 is an important goal for NASA. Hubble's successor NASA's James Webb Space Telescope (JWST) should launch in 2018, creating a one-two punch of space telescope observations for at least a couple years before Hubble's mission ends.

And officials are doing all they can to be sure that the spacecraft keeps working through at least that target date.

"We're conducting what we're calling the '2020 vision' for Hubble, and that is to make sure that the observatory is ready to run for at least five or six years to get at least a year of overlap with James Webb, if not more," Sembach said. "We're lucky in that we have very proactive engineering that's been going on over the last few years and continues to go on both at the [Space Telescope Science] Institute and at [NASA's] Goddard [Space Flight Center] to make sure that we're operating the observatory as safely and as effectively as we can. So, we're going to get to 2020."

JWST and Hubble are designed to observe somewhat different cosmic spectacles. JWST will extend Hubble's reach into the early universe, allowing scientists to potentially learn more about how the earliest galaxies formed.

If the two telescopes do function simultaneously, scientists might be able to observe one target using both observatories, giving researchers a more detailed spectrum of science from the cosmic target.

"The Hubble Space Telescope mission office and the James Webb Space Telescope mission office are discussing ways that we can allow people that have excellent science ideas that require both facilities to take data of the same targets to get those data sets on both missions," Jason Kalirai of the Space Telescope Science Institute said during the news conference. "We're in the process of putting together policies that are going to ensure that's possible."

Follow Miriam Kramer @mirikramer. Follow us @Spacedotcom, Facebook and Google+. Original article on Space.com.

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Hubble Telescope Could Operate Through 2020, Scientists Say

A star explodes Timelapse by Hubble Telescope made in 4 years!Monocerotis 2002 2006 1080p
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A star explodes Timelapse by Hubble Telescope made in 4 years!Monocerotis 2002 2006 1080p - Video

An image captured by the Hubble telescope shows a galaxy in the process of being devoured by a bigger galaxy nearby.

The distorted form of spiral galaxy NGC 7714. ESA, NASA

Just because space is (theoretically) infinite, that doesn't mean everything out there is neatly spaced. Things collide, from tiny objects smashing into other tiny objects, to objects on the galactic scale -- quite literally.

Spiral galaxy NGC 7714, roughly 100 million light-years from Earth, is one of those galaxies for which crowding is proving a dramatically brutal affair: it has drifted a little too close to nearby smaller galaxy NGC 7715, and is taking its time cannibalising its neighbour, as seen in a new photo snapped by the Hubble Space Telescope.

Sometime between 100 million and 200 million years ago, the two galaxies reached a close enough distance from each other to start disrupting each other's shapes -- evidenced by the peculiarity of NGC 7714.

Unlike a normal spiral galaxy, its arms have stretched out and a smoky golden haze extends from the core.

Additionally, a ring and two long trails of stars have stretched towards NCG 7714 -- forming a sort of bridge between the two galaxies. That bridge funnels material from NGC 7715 to the larger NGC 7714 and feeds star formation in NGC 7714, most of which is occurring at its core, although the entire galaxy is active.

A large number of these new stars are what are known as Wolf-Rayet stars. These are stars that, when they are young, are massive -- at least 20 solar masses each. They are very hot, with surface temperatures ranging between 30,000 and 200,000 Kelvin (the Sun's surface temperature is around 5,778 Kelvin) and very luminous, shining with tens of thousands to several million times the luminosity of the sun (although most of that output is in the ultraviolet spectrum).

Wolf-Rayet stars are the "live fast, die young" stage in the evolution of massive stars. Although they burn very hot and bright, they also lose mass at an accelerated rate, about a billion times higher than the sun's rate, due to very strong solar winds. Eventually the star runs out of material, and ends its life in a dramatic supernova.

Because of this star formation, NGC 7714 has been classified as a Wolf-Rayet starburst galaxy.

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Evidence of a galactic cannibal

A haunting landscape of star systems, bubbles, and shock fronts lies toward the constellation of Taurus in an amazing photo taken by the Hubble Space Telescope.

Perhaps the most striking feature of the Hubble Space Telescopeviewis an apparent star embedded within a rust-colored cloud, toward the upper left corner. Although the bright spot, better known as XZ Tauri, appears to be a single star, it's actually a binary star system with one of those two stars also a binary system, making a total of three stars within a single system. The cosmic objects are located about 450 light-years from Earth.

A hot bubble of gas can be seen as the small orange lobe very close to the top left of XZ Tauri. It's speeding out from the star system, leaving an imprint spanning tens of billions of kilometers. As the gas travels, it hits slower moving material, and the shock of impact triggers pulses of light.

A similar phenomenon is occurring above and to the right of XZ Tauri, where wisps of deep red can be seen embedded within the blue clumps. The bright blue patch contains a young star known as HL Tauri. When narrow gas streams from the newborn star hit an interstellar cloud, the shock of impact lights up the target, a sight better known as a Herbig-Haro (HH) object, according to a Hubble mission statement.

In the bottom right of this Hubble image is another Herbig-Haro object known as HH 30. Although the source is hidden from view, its reflected light and prominent, knotty jets can be seen blasting out into space.

A version of this image won third prize in the Hubble's Hidden Treasures image processing competition.

Follow Shannon Hall @ShannonWHall. Follow us @Spacedotcom, Facebook and Google+. Original article on Space.com.

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Haunting Space Bubbles Shine in Amazing Hubble Telescope Photo

Hubble Telescope Short Film : The Beginning Movie
The Beginning, a short film or movie dedicated to Hubble Telescope, Video by NASA. This segment looks at the state of astronomy before Hubble and the difficu...

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Hubble telescope search by thejimmytran via 100 Hours per Minute
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