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Monthly Archives: May 2022
Gray Matters: Addiction as a disease – The Brown and White
Posted: May 15, 2022 at 9:43 pm
The following article contains discussions of addiction. Information can be found on the National Institute of Drug Abuse website. Click here for the Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration national helpline.
Our conceptions of addiction, particularly substance addiction, have changed over time. Science has brought us new perspectives on addiction, but not ones that seem to paint the entire picture.
It is an enigma; at its base, we can think of addiction as really well-learned behavior. After all, given just a few uses of a particularly addictive substance, that is already enough to get you hooked.
But, I wanted to discuss what is happening in our brains as we learn these behaviors, how perspectives have changed and are currently changing, and to grapple with the question: should we consider addiction a disease?
The first thing to recognize about addiction, as far as anatomy, is that the neurotransmitter dopamine takes the forefront. Dopamine is the habit-building neurotransmitter. It is released when we do something our brain will want to repeat in the future.
The dopaminergic system is an umbrella term used to describe specific pathways, behaviors and interactions of dopamine. One part of the dopaminergic system, called the nucleus, accumbens is particularly important because it is associated with the anticipation of a large reward and related to strong feelings of happiness.
But, when activation of the forebrain dopaminergic system exceeds a certain point, people (or animals) are sensitized to the conditions (the drug) that elicit those habits (using the drug).
At the same time, overaction of these systems downregulates the dopamine receptors themselves (so that less is released), and this has the effect of leaving the person less interested in other activities and less able to experience pleasure from the things they used to enjoy.
When these systems are routinely abused, the brain forgets how to regulate dopamine in the absence of the drug, causing compulsive use and influencing people to make inappropriate decisions when looking for their drug.
Medicalization, a term I learned in SOC 001, is when something starts being perceived as medical or biological when it previously had not been.
This is what happened to addiction: a long time ago, heavy addiction was perceived as a result of moral weakness (lighter cases of addiction were mostly ignored).
Beginning early in the 19th century, however, we began to conceptualize addiction as a disease. In 1956, the American Medical Association (AMA) labeled alcoholism as an illness, and in 1987, the AMA and others termed addiction a disease.
In many ways, this can be viewed as a good thing. This new label of disease would begin affecting legislation and criminality in regard to addiction.
During much of U.S. history, but most notably between the 1960s and 1990s during Nixons War on Drugs, politicians began further criminalizing drug use.
This new outlook particularly harmed communities of color because of law enforcements focus on urban areas and lower income communities.
However, efforts like the War on Drugs were still effective in convincing people that drug use and addiction is a crime.
Thankfully, in the meantime, scientists continued studying the mechanisms of addiction and psychologists speculated the reasons behind why people begin addictive behavior.
As information accrued, it became clear that the development of an addiction is not something that can be controlled because the processes are automatic. It even became clear that people cant fully control their environment, and therefore cant ensure they wont live somewhere that encourages drug use.
This information has helped move addiction from a legal sphere to a medical one, but the question still remains if not a crime, and because of its relation to biology, is addiction a disease?
On the one hand, having a disease might make people feel more willing to seek medical treatment and remove much of the crushing personal responsibility many addicts experience.
On the other hand, addiction is not a virus. It is not bacteria and it is a result of our brains working exactly how they are supposed to. But, if addiction represents the brain working properly, why are we calling it a disease?
Whether one has an addiction to hard work or meth, it will function similarly in the brain. If we choose to medicalize only the kind of addictions that can lead to death, then we are letting social ideals influence how we engage with biology, and that is arguably not a good idea for the natural sciences.
Regardless, there comes a point in everyones life when they are taught about addiction, and whether we medicalize it or not has profound implications on how its understood. Its important to recognize our responsibility to teach these kinds of phenomena in a socially productive way.
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Labour civil war erupts over Sadiq Khan and drugs policy – The National
Posted: at 9:43 pm
LABOUR has erupted into a public civil war over drugs policy.
The fall-out within the party spilled out into the public sphere after private Whatsapp messages between top members of Keir Starmers frontbench were leaked to the media.
The i reported on the messages exchanged between Labour shadow ministers furious at Sadiq Khan, the London mayor, for announcing the formation of the new group to consider the decriminalisation of cannabis in Britain.
Shadow justice secretary Steve Reed, shadow trade secretaryGareth Thomas, and shadow health secretary Wes Streeting attacked Khan for the move, with Reed describing it as an open goal for the Tories.
READ MORE:Labour branded 'shameful' for attack on drug policy amid deaths crisis
Thomas said Khans comments were going down like a bucket of cold sick while Streeting suggested the mayor was impacting Labours chances of winning the next General Election.
The Labour Party issued an official statement saying it does not support changing the law on drugs, adding: Drugs policy is not devolved to mayors and under Labour would continue to be set by national Government.
The UK party and shadow ministers were then attacked by Labour MSP Monica Lennon (below) for their position on drugs.
Writing on Twitter, Lennon said of the shadow ministers attack on Khan: The war on drugs has failed spectacularly. @Keir_Starmer and his team are failing to understand this.
Unless our laws, policies and budgets are rooted in public health and smart justice, more people will die, more communities will suffer and more public pounds will be wasted.
She further shared a post from the Labour Campaign for Drug Policy Reform, which is led by Withington MP Jeff Smith, calling Khans announcement a welcomed and important development.
Labour is caught between wanting to appear tough on drugs and drug-related crime at a UK level, but also advocating forchange to fight the drugs deaths crisis in Scotland.
In Scotland, the Lord Advocate announced in late 2021 that anyone found to be in possession of class A drugs could be issued a warning instead of facing instant prosecution. At the time, Scottish Labour drugs policy spokesperson Claire Baker welcomed the decision saying she hoped it would lead to more drug users getting the support they need.
Scottish Labour leader Anas Sarwar has previously said that government must look at every option to fight the drugs crisis in Scotland, and called for policy to learn from what works.
A spokesperson for Khan told The National: "The illegal drugs trade causes huge damage to our society and we need to do more to tackle this epidemic and further the debate around our drugs laws."
They said the commission, led byCharlie Falconer QC, would advise on how best to "reduce the huge damage" done by drugs by learning from others' approaches.
Starmer has previously said he does not support changing the law or decriminalisation, but said he does back schemes where cannabis possession, youre not arrested, youre not prosecuted for it.
Labour was slated by former MSP Neil Findlay ahead of the council elections after it ran Facebook ads attacking the LibDems for wanting to soften drugs laws.
Scottish Labour has been asked to make its official position clear.
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Fear of Fentanyl Behind Laws That Could Lead to Overdoses – TIME
Posted: at 9:43 pm
Since the U.S. drug war was declared in 1971, various drugs have been identified as public enemy number onefrom crack cocaine, in the 1980s, to prescription opioids in the early 2000s. Today, the primary villain is fentanyl, a synthetic opioid about 50 times more potent than heroin. In 2021, more than 71,000 people in the U.S. died after overdoses involving synthetic opioidsmostly fentanyl, according to provisional data released by the National Center for Health Statistics on May 11.
Such a deadly drug necessitates a firm public health response, and fortunately, decades of evidence have shown there are tools that can avert overdoses, including the medication naloxone (sold under the brand name Narcan). However, fear of fentanyl and a desire to look proactive are driving many state lawmakers to take approaches which, in the past, have caused more harm than goodnamely, punitive policies which lock up drug dealers and users alike for lengthy periods of time, and contribute to mass incarceration. Evidence abounds that such policies are ineffective: for instance, one 2018 analysis from Pew found harsher penalties for drug possession did not reduce use or overdoses, and a 2014 National Research Council report found that increases in successfully prosecuted drug crimes did not clearly drive down drug use, and had a disparate impact on Black and Hispanic communities.
As opioid and especially fentanyl-related deaths have risen, some states have implemented harm-reduction policies like expanding access to drugs that treat opioid use disorder, or legalizing fentanyl test strips and in some cases making them available for free, to make it easier for drug users to figure out before its too late whether their drugs are adulterated with fentanyl. But at the same time, a number of states have passed, or are currently considering, new legislation to ramp up penalties for drug crimes, many of which explicitly refer to fentanyl. Mississippi, for instance, recently passed a law that, as of July 1, adds additional penalties for giving someone fentanyl that results in death. Kentucky recently passed a law increasing mandatory prison time for those found guilty of bringing fentanyl into the state with the intent to sell or distribute. This March, Wisconsin enacted a law making manufacturing, distributing, or delivering any amount of fentanyl a felony.
Colorado is a particularly useful case study. In 2020, 1,477 Coloradans died from drug overdoses, up 38% from the year before, an increase the Colorado Health Institute largely attributes to fentanyl. In response, on May 11, the state legislature passed the Fentanyl Accountability and Prevention Act, which would expand access to drugs that help treat opioid use disorder and allocate funds for education about fentanyl. However, the proposed law would also make possessing more than a gram of any drug a felony if it contains any amount of fentanyl, which advocates say could make the overdose crisis worse by driving users into hiding or locking them in prison.
Like crack cocaine before itwhich was falsely blamed for making users more violentthe focus on fentanyl is threaded with fear-mongering and misinformation. In April, Colorado Public Radio asked Governor Jared Polis if he thought making possession of fentanyl a felony in the state would have similarly disastrous results as the War on Drugs started by President Richard Nixon in the 1970s had on the U.S.. You have to think of fentanyl more as a poison than a drug, Polis responded, comparing it to anthrax. Indeed, local news across states has been flooded with similar misinformation about fentanyl, including stories about first responders who claimed theyd suffered a fentanyl overdose through skin contact with patients who had been usingalthough experts say that overdosing in such a way is nearly impossible.
Such narratives enable politicians to paint fentanyland those who traffic in itas particularly nefarious. But really, its a public health crisisnot a crisis of criminality. What we need is to ramp up the things that we know prevent people from dying of overdoses, and not continue to focus on the enforcement side, where we have very little evidence that that improves public health outcomes, says Robin Pollini, an associate professor of public health at West Virginia University.
One of advocates greatest fears about the legislation is that it will expand the imprisonment of drug users, and contribute to the socioeconomic instability that often fuels addiction and abuse in the first place. Colorados bill would only apply to those knowingly carrying more than one gram of any substance containing the drug, which presupposes that carrying this amount means the person is a dealer. I would say the goal of this bill, if implemented properly, is not to put drug users in jail. The goal of this bill is to put drug dealers in jail, says Colorado Attorney General Philip Weiser.
However, experts say that there are many reasons why someone might carry more than a single gram for personal use. For one, the amount of fentanyl in street drugs can vary greatly, which means that users are unlikely to actually know how much theyre carrying. Additionally, compared to other opioids, fentanyl provides a shorter but more powerful high, which means someone on it is likely using multiple times a day to avoid an agonizing withdrawal. That means theyre probably buying as much as they can whenever they canespecially if they have limited access to transportation or live in a rural area.
Colorados attempt to separate the users from the dealers is based on a false distinction, says Dr. Sarah Axelrath, who treats Denver patients with substance use disorder. Most of the drug dealers she encounters are users themselves, and are engaging in subsistence level drug distribution: trading drugs to sustain their addiction, and to meet basic needs. In such communities, a drug dealer is less likely to be a shadowy stranger than a trusted friendand the person who is buying one day may be selling the next. Thats why about 225 drug users who use services at the Harm Reduction Action Center in Denver have signed Do Not Prosecute forms, created by the activist group Urban Survivors Union, which are meant to make a plea to law enforcement that, in the event of an overdose, they not go after the person who provided the drugs. The point they want to make to legislators, says Center director Lisa Raville, is that when police arrest drug dealers, theyre not getting the popularly envisioned large drug seller or cartel. Its family and loved ones, who both buy and sell at low levels.
Experts fear that laws like that under consideration in Colorado will backfire, exacerbating the opioid epidemic. For one thing, a person who is convicted of a felony and given a prison sentence for possession of opioids is likely to become destabilized and lose their support system, making it even harder to overcome substance use disorder. There is unintended and collateral damage that happens from being incarcerated, says Dr. Joshua Barocas, an infectious disease doctor and associate professor at University of Colorado School of Medicine. That includes increased instability in housing, food, and job access, all of which could lead an opioid user to relapse.
More immediately, criminalizing fentanyl could deter people from saving lives. When someone overdoses on opioids, their best hope for survival is to get a shot of naloxone. But if the only person around to administer the treatment (or to call for help) is also either an opioid user or seller (or both), they might waste precious minutes wavering over the decision whether or not to call for help, out of concern of arrest. In general, these kinds of laws drive drug use further underground, says Robin Pollini, an associate professor of public health at West Virginia University. The higher the penalties on drug use, or the higher level of policing around drug use, the less likely people are to present in public for services they need.
Then theres the possibility that cracking down on fentanyl could lead to the emergence of even deadlier drugs. One of the reasons fentanyl became so dominant is that its easier for drug dealers to move through a punitive system compared to other opioidsit can be made from common ingredients, instead of grown in an opium plant, and its more compact, making it easier to transport and hide. Already, drug producers are developing new and more dangerous chemical analogs of fentanyl that drug tests cant detect.
Among Colorado health care providers who work with drug users, and have known many people who have died of overdoses, theres a sense that the proposed bill is a wasted opportunity to invest the states resources in tools that are actually proven to stop overdoses. The evidence is just so clear that criminalization and felonization and incarceration will not do anything to decrease rates of substance use disorder or even recreational drug use, and it certainly wont decrease rates of overdose deaths, says Axelrath. But we have things that work. And so it is frustrating to watch our resources be funneled into interventions that we know from 50 years of both research and practice arent effective.
More Must-Read Stories From TIME
Contact us at letters@time.com.
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Austin City Limits Shares 2022 Lineup: Billy Strings, Nathaniel Rateliff, The War on Drugs, Goose and More – jambands.com
Posted: at 9:43 pm
Austin City Limits festival has announced the lineup of artists who will be joining them on the weekends of Oct. 7 and Oct. 14 at Zilker Park in Austin, Texas. On top of a stacked lineup, the headliners for the event include the Red Hot Chili Peppers, P!nk, The Chicks, SZA, Kacey Musgraves, Flume, Paramore and Lil Nas X.
Both weekends will showcase performances by Billy Strings, Arlo Parks, Japanese Breakfast, Diplo, Wallows, Conan Gray, Robert Glasper, The Maras and more. Goose are also set to perform both weekends and 2022 marks their first appearance at the Austin City Limits festival.
Weekend one, which will span from Oct. 7 through Oct. 9 will welcome James Black, Goth Babe, MUNA, Kevin Morby, Cory Henry and more. Weekend two, set for Oct. 14 through Oct. 16 will have performances by Phoenix, Wet Leg, The Front Bottoms, Yungblud, Neil Frances and more.
Three-day passes for both weekends to Austin City Limits 2022 go on sale today at 12 p.m. CT here. Single-day passes will be available later this fall.
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Uganda: bee venom therapy as an alternative medicine – Africanews English
Posted: at 9:42 pm
Mariam Nantaba is living with HIV.She's been using bee venom as a therapy for a year and claims it has significantly improved her health.
" It has helped me alot especially in boosting my immunity, the CD4 count on my viral load is up which wasn't the case before and my skin also looks good"
Bee venom is a clear colorless liquid produced by a sting barb from a bee. Simon Turner , proprietor ofMalaika Honey says the the venom is collected using an electrified trap.
"We basically have a machine with an activation board, we send low electric current through the wires and what happens when the bees hit the wires they get a little shock... and sting through to the glass...and the sting releases the poison onto the glass.
Beekeepers make some very bold claims about what a mixture of venom and selected plant extracts can treat.
"It helps us with those aging issues, if there are cancer cells forming out in the body without your knowledge those cancer cells will die, if you have poor appetite, it increases your appetite, it induces sleep, pain killer and it improves your skin looks." explains venom collectorTadeo Balisanga
But there is little scientific proof to back up any of these claims and little in the way of traditional evidence based research about the long term benefits of bee venom therapies.
Accordig to Patrick Tumussiime, Uganda's Commissioner at the National Disease Control, " this thing is not standardised and each one is doing it differently, supposing somebody is tempted to think let me put in more venom so that it works better...we don't know the effects it can cause."
Bee venom extract is used around the world to help those with severe allergies to bee and wasp stings.Tiny, but increasing amounts are injected to help patients become desensitised to stings that could otherwise kill them.
Despite the warnings about it's wider use, bee venom treatments are growing in popularity in Uganda.
Atuhaire Scondina is using it to manage pain and mobility issues.
"This honey product has helped me so much because my fingers were paralyzed and I my knees could support well to walk but since I started taking the bee venom I can now do my tailoring work which was previously difficult"
And to meet the growing demand, bee keepers as Adolf Bagonza says they are stepping up production.
"We produce two hundred grams of venom per month and we market it locally by mixing it in honey and eating it orally."
But doctors are warning consumers of bee venom against self medication.
"When using bee venom the caution should be put on the amount that you are taking in, Ideally I would advise you to consult with a medic or someone professional about it to advise you how much you should take in for the condition that you want to treat" ,Jackie Nanyonjo - Doctor
Despite the lack of proof,people like Nantaba are convinced that bee venom therapy remains an important part of their treatment, for years to come.
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Uganda: bee venom therapy as an alternative medicine - Africanews English
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Alternative medical care still has its place. Here is why – The Business Standard
Posted: at 9:42 pm
At Bagerhat district healthcare complex, patients began to arrive for doctor's appointments, staff were ready with their entry books and so were doctors at their wooden desks to see patients, just like any other day.
But there was something different about a day in March this year. Among the approximately 250-300 patients, 50-60 of them wanted to meet Dr Monalisa Mushtereen, the ayurvedic medical officer of the healthcare complex.
"There is a saying that the doctor's words and empathy can cure a patient more effectively than medicines. In ayurveda and unani medicine practices, we emphasise on touch and sensory organs besides medicine, food habits and lifestyle.
"The way I talk to my patients, console them maybe that's the reason the patients want to meet me," Monalisa said.
Monalisa was in Bagerhat for one month and in that month she "had a number of regular patients." She is now practising at the government ayurvedic and unani medical college hospital (GAUMCH) at Mirpur in the capital Dhaka.
Like Dr Monalisa Mushtareen, there are more than 400 alternative medicine practitioners (ayurveda, unani, homoeopathy) working in government hospitals and health clinics under the alternative medical care system of Bangladesh government.
And according to Bangladesh Board of Unani and Ayurvedic Systems of Medicine, currently there are more than 12,000 ayurvedic and unani doctors in the country.
A pandemic effect
The pandemic seemed to have triggered a surge in popularity of natural medicine among people. In a nutshell, naturopathy or alternative and traditional medicine is gaining popularity in Bangladesh. But why is that, especially when the pharmaceutical industry is doing really well?
According to the Bangladesh Export Promotion Bureau, in the 2018-19 fiscal year, Bangladesh exported medicines to a total of 147 countries, including Myanmar, Sri Lanka, Philippines, Vietnam, Afghanistan, Kenya and Slovenia. And the industry can meet 98 percent of its domestic needs.
When asked this question, Professor Dr Shwapan Kumar Dutta, the principal of the government unani and ayurvedic medical college, said, "In 2013, the World Health Organisation (WHO) had announced 'traditional medicine strategy 2014-2023' and the organisation has been working to implement the strategy among its member states.
"The Bangladesh government is also really supportive towards this practice. In 2015, the government hadannounced alternative medical care where ayurvedic and unani medical practitioners are appointed in public hospitals and health clinics."
Dr Monalisa mentioned the 2014 election manifesto of Bangladesh Awami League, where it was stated that infrastructural, institutional and technological facilities shall be increased to improve the standard of education on indigenous medicines including unani, ayurveda and homoeopathy.
"And the popularity grew even more during the Covid-19 pandemic," Dr Dutta said. When no conventional medicines were working, people were dying and the ones alive had to develop immunity through healthy habits rather than depending on supplements or medicine, naturopathy got popular.
Dr Hashi, ayurvedic doctor at the Bera Upazilla health complex of Pabna shared her experience. She said, "At the beginning people here didn't know about me. The conventional doctors also neglected me as if I was some kind of quack.
"The patients were sent to my chamber just like any other doctor would get a batch of patients. But with time, they came to know me better. Now the patients want to make appointments with me."
Although the board of unani and ayurvedicsystems of medicine claims that currently 25 percent of the patients in the government hospital are taking alternative medicine service, there is not enough data to support this statistic. But still, it is evident that people are more open to this.
But does that mean naturopathy is a substitute to the conventional western medical treatments? Are we supposed to rely on natural medicine if being diagnosed with cancer?
Alternative or traditional medicine is not a substitute for modern medicine or allopathy
Dr Monalisa explained how in the naturopathy or traditional medical care, treatment is given to patients with chronic diseases like digestive problems, pain management, cardiac health, reproductive health, beauty and skin solutions, obesity management, and to some extent, psychological ailment. Treatment may include multiple medical systems such as ayurvedic, yoga, unani, homoeopathy, acupuncture, etc.
She said, "We never suggest any critical patient to take natural medicines and even if these patients come to us, we immediately refer them to conventional western medicine and doctors."
According to John Hopkins medicines, ayurveda treatment starts with an internal purification process, followed by a special diet, herbal remedies, massage therapy, yoga, and meditation.
Agreeing with the fact, Dr Monalisa said, "That's why it's a lengthy process and more of a lifestyle. For better health and life, you may depend on natural remedies rather than taking medicines for every trivial discomfort headache, stomach pain or fever. But when you have a serious disease, you must meet specialists and doctors."
Natural medicines are not supposed to have artificial or synthetic chemicals in the formula
The day I met Dr Monalisa at the hospital, she was instructing a mother of a one-year-old on what kind of food to feed the baby and how. Coincidentally, the previous day, I had just finished reading 'Ichamati', a classic novel by Bibhutibhushan Bandopadhyay, where Ramkanai, the village Kobiraj or physician, stirred me the most.
I was amazed how he made traditional ayurvedic medicine using Indian laburnum or golden shower tree, ghee, honey and other components.
As I entered the medical college that day, I was expecting someone would be extracting flowers or seeds from the herbal and medicinal plant's garden in front of the college, preparing herbal and natural medicine.
"It doesn't work like that," Monalisa suppressed a smile and said. "Alternative or complementary medicine is standardised now. We have modern classrooms with proper diagrams and medical equipment, we study biochemistry and pharmacology and work in labs. You won't find mythological sages here."
And not just traditional ayurvedic, unani or homoeopathy, the ethnic communities in the hill tracts areas of the country have their own local medicinal plants and treatment. According to Bangladesh national herbarium's plant database, there are more than 700 medicinal plants that are used in these areas.
"It is true that natural medicine uses ingredients found in nature. We study their chemical components in the lab and prepare medicine with it. But we don't use synthetic chemicals in the medicines because that is illegal." Dr Dutta said.
But many fraudulent, unregistered brands are continuing this malpractice. Dr Dutta suggests the patients to check every medicine before taking. Bangladesh Association of Pharmaceutical Industries (BAPI) website has a list of companies and medicines. According to that list currently 204 ayurvedic, 285 unani medicine companies are making more than 7,000 medicines.
"You can easily check if the medicine is registered or not. Don't just fall for any advertisement, but consult a professional practitioner".
The patients are mainely converts, from modern to traditional medicine
For the last four days, Shwapna Akhter has been on bed no-4 on the first floor of the Government Unani and Ayurvedic Medical College Hospital. This young mother of a six-month-old came to Dhaka from Khulna last week.
She has been suffering from a problem in one of her joints and also vaginal discharge. "For the last six months, I have consulted a number of 'allopathy doctors' and had an enormous number of medicines. But nothing seems to work on me. And then someone in my village suggested I try natural medicine and treatment. That's why I am here."
Although she complained, "The doctors and nurses are irregular and you will not find a doctor when you need one. Most of the time the nurses are outside busy with their phones or gossiping and if you ask for something they misbehave." But still the treatment here is cheap and she thinks the medicines are working on her.
Professor Dr Masuda Begum, the dean of medicine department of BSMMU said, "It was in nature where humans have found these remedies. So we cannot neglect these medicinal studies. But that being said we also have to understand that we, the modern people, have much more complex diseases now. So we cannot rely on traditional medicine only."
She suggests consulting doctors before taking any medicine whether it is traditional or modern.
Agreeing with her, Dr Dutta also said, "Some of the products used in ayurvedic medicine contain herbs, metals, minerals, or other materials that may be harmful if used improperly or without the direction of a trained practitioner."
While Ayurveda can have positive effects when used as a complementary therapy in combination with standard, conventional medical care,it should not replace standard, conventional medical care, especially when treating serious conditions.
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Alternative medical care still has its place. Here is why - The Business Standard
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Opinion | When Hope Hinges on an Unapproved Drug – The New York Times
Posted: at 9:42 pm
Instead, often the main hurdles, as the Forbes family observed, are whether the drug company has an expanded-access program for a specific drug and, if it does, whether it approves the request. There is no requirement for companies to report how many requests they accept, though some larger drug companies make this information public.
Perhaps more important, its unknown to what extent families media campaigns affect these decisions. This is what troubles Arthur Caplan, a professor of bioethics at New York Universitys Grossman School of Medicine. If you have resources, then you hire PR people, you build your own website, and you have a pretty good chance of guilting or shaming the company into providing something to you, he told me. I understand why people do it, but its hardly an equitable system.
Dr. Caplan has pioneered a possible solution. Working with Janssen Pharmaceuticals, a part of Johnson & Johnson, he heads an advisory committee of physicians, ethicists and community members who evaluate these requests and then develop a recommendation for the drug company. Much like the U.S. system for organ allocation, which Dr. Caplan also helped develop, this committee aims to ensure a fair allocation of a limited resource. Drug companies should not be swayed to say yes by the most sympathetic photos or pushed to say no because of a concern that a negative outcome could affect consumer confidence in a drug. Instead, the committee applies consistent criteria to each anonymous potential recipient and renders a decision based on medical factors rather than the pathos of a personal story, wealth or media prominence.
This is a start, particularly when coupled with better tracking of outcomes and improved education for clinicians about how to enroll their patients in clinical trials and navigate expanded access if those trials arent a possibility. A lawyer by training, Ms. Forbes did most of this navigation and advocacy on her own, but there are many families for whom that would not be possible. And when clinicians time is a limited resource, how much of this process can they realistically take on for a drug not yet proved to work?
That is the question behind so much of this conversation. How far do we go when the alternative is death? And what is sacrificed in the process? Youre holding out hope that you might be that rare one, that if you can just stay alive long enough for the next drug, that might change things, Ms. Forbes told me, reflecting on those final weeks.
Even though her husband never did receive the expanded-access drug, she does not regret that they devoted so much of their remaining time and effort to pursuing it. They believed that this medication would work, she said, but they were also able to consider a reality in which Mr. Forbes did not live to see it.
Despite how it all ended, it was good for Michael to feel positive and hopeful, she said. It was very good for me, because there was no stone unturned. That is not the type of victory they wanted, but it is something.
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Donald revealed that he has Parkinson’s with a moving letter: "It’s not going to steal my soul" – Zyri
Posted: at 9:42 pm
The singer Donald McCluskey published a letter in which he revealed that he has Parkinson. His writing is moving and describes how the disease began to flare up recently. Its galloping, folks. When I start to shake I have a hard time stopping, she wrote in the text that she shared on Facebook.
The interpreter of Las Olas y el Vieto assured that he presents battle day by day and is even carrying out alternative therapies that give him relief: I want to defeat it, but I notice that despite my resistance, evil does not give in and does not give up. Thanks to God, to the Virgin, to Jesus and to science, there is a medicine that calms, calms, soothes, diminishes and even makes tremors completely disappear as long as certain conditions are observed.
I also read: They assure that Parkinsons disease could be detected through the voice
One of the issues he highlighted is how his love for music helps you cope and the tremors stop briefly: Being seated in peace, happy, playing the guitar and singing, either on a stool on a stage, or in an armchair at home, in kind, friendly environments (devoid of stress, anger, sadness and/or anguish), It gives me great joy.
Instead, the discomfort begins when you try to make any movement. There the tensions are heightened and they are transferred to the whole body. To move from one place to another, I have to do it holding on to whatever I find at hand, and with extreme slowness I take one small step after the other, until I get to where I set out to go without setbacks and without falling, although taking seriously into account, the danger that moving means, he said.
On the other hand, he recalled the moment in which the first symptoms appeared: The pandemic came, the isolation, the sedentary lifestyle, the unexpected sadness that the death of my younger sister Patricia caused me, which triggered the manifestation of this that I have inside, since who knows when.
Donald McCluskey He not only referred to the tremors, but also pointed out other symptoms linked to Parkinsons, such as stiffness and slowness in his movements. And he specified: Painful contractures in the back, especially at the level of the dorsal vertebrae. But here I am, friends. And Im still alive and kicking.
Besides, the artist valued how the testimonies of Stephen Bullrich y Xavier Lombard they helped him make public how he goes through the disease: It was their brave statements, recounting their fight against the neurological disease that each one of them was lucky to suffer. And from sharing with you what I have to live every day, the load became lighter, less heavy, he said.
At the close of this letter, the interpreter of Sucundum, sucundum and Chequendengue, checkendengue was very optimistic about the possibility of continuing to appear in public with his greatest hits.
Sandro sang until the last of his days, and I heartily applaud his brave and generous gesture. I know, friends, that as long as I have a thin voice to sing, and flexibility in my fingers to play the guitar, I will continue in the arena and nothing and no one can prevent or avoid it, at least that is what I intend to do, he explained.
And he completed: To the happy Parkinson, I will not allow him to steal my soul. Of course not! You can mess with my body, but not with my spirit and my lifewhich is only in the hands of the blessed God.
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Dry Nasal Covid-19 Vaccines: A Pain- and Needle-Free Alternative – The New York Times
Posted: at 9:42 pm
Nasal spray vaccines accomplish just that. A technique known as thin-film freeze-drying, or T.F.F.D., allows scientists to transform liquid vaccines into powders. Trehalose, a derivative of sucrose, or table sugar, is often added, which prevents the formation of toxic structures by creating organic glass orbs around proteins, maintaining the biological activities that elicit the immune response. In T.F.F.D., liquid vaccines are dropped on an ultracool surface, causing materials to freeze. Pressure is then reduced and low heat is applied so that the frozen water changes directly from solid to gas. The result? Powdered vaccines that revive with a quick spray in the nose.
Medical research is currently well underway, spearheaded by Seongkyu Yoon, a professor of chemical engineering at the University of Massachusetts Lowell, who was recently granted $930,000 for the development of freeze-dried mRNA vaccines suitable for large-scale production. He explains that the T.F.F.D. process makes vaccines more stable and able to extend their shelf life, as well as make them easier to transport, store and use. This eliminates the need for cold-chain systems, and perhaps even medical workers, which, together, account for 72 percent of worldwide transportation costs, the equivalent of more than $1.2 billion. With lowered costs, vaccines can reach developing countries that were previously unable to afford the massive costs of outreach and transportation.
Intranasal vaccines have also proven more effective than traditional injections against pulmonary diseases like Influenza B and Covid-19. As Akiko Iwasaki, a professor of immunobiology at the Yale School of Medicine, explained in an interview, the beauty of the local mucosal vaccine is that not only does it provide protection acutely, but also its a long-lasting immunity. More important, dry vaccines create the potential for a pain-free alternative, which, as Dr. Iwasaki goes on to add, will likely increase the number of people who want to vaccinate themselves, especially for the 20 percent of the worlds population afraid to take the needle.
With over a dozen nasal vaccines in development worldwide, some now in Phase 3 trials, vaccines can finally be made available to all countries, not just a select few. Their superior efficacy and low transportation and outreach costs offer great potential in controlling the pandemic, especially as new, more lethal variants emerge. These pain-free nasal vaccines could help us get back to pre-Covid normal.
Works Cited
AboulFotouh, Khaled, et al. Next-Generation Covid-19 Vaccines Should Take Efficiency of Distribution into Consideration. AAPS PharmSciTech, 9 April 2021.
Cicco, Nancy. UMass Lowell Is Working to Freeze-Dry Covid Vaccines. UMass Lowell, 20 Jan. 2022.
Forman, Robert. Nasal Vaccination May Protect Against Respiratory Viruses Better Than Injected Vaccines. Yale School of Medicine, 21 Dec. 2021.
Griffiths, Ulla. Costs of Delivering Covid-19 Vaccine in 92 AMC Countries. World Health Organization, 8 Feb. 2021.
Love, Ashley S., and Robert J. Love. Considering Needle Phobia Among Adult Patients During Mass Covid-19 Vaccinations. Journal of Primary Care & Community Health, 3 April 2021.
Mandavilli, Apoorva. The Covid Vaccine We Need Now May Not Be a Shot. The New York Times, 2 Feb. 2022.
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QC Kinetix (Waverly) Uses Regenerative Medicine in Charlotte To Improve Patient’s Health and Quality of Life – Digital Journal
Posted: at 9:42 pm
Charlotte, NC QC Kinetix (Waverly) has opened an office in Charlotte, NC, to offer alternative medicine and treatment solutions to residents suffering from acute and chronic pain. The clinic uses regenerative medicine and natural treatment therapies to address joint pain and related conditions while improving patients quality of life. Since opening their pain clinic in the area, theyve attended to many residents who have given positive reviews about the treatment solutions offered.
With QC Kinetix (Waverly), its all about improving each patients quality of life. The treatment providers understand that pain can have devastating effects on humans and their quality of life. They, therefore, provide personalized care and natural treatment remedies that alleviate pain, reduce inflammation, and overall boost the patients quality of life. Through regenerative medicine, patients wont have to worry about heavy dependence on medicines that only address the symptoms but not the root cause of the problem. The minimally invasive therapies the clinic uses also save patients from the risks and complications associated with surgeries.
By choosing their Charlotte regenerative medicine, more community members have been able to save money on surgeries while cutting treatment downtime to zero. They can also enjoy unique and personalized treatment plans that suit their needs perfectly.
Joint pain can have many causes. According to The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), the most common cause is arthritis, affecting approximately 24% of American adults. For others, infection, injury, and degenerative diseases such as Multiple Sclerosis and Fibromyalgia can be the cause. People living with joint pain and inflammation due to arthritis may not always know where to get relief. Many opt for surgery or pain medications as a treatment solution. At QC Kinetix, we offer an alternative; our regenerative medicine treatments relieve the pain and inflammation of arthritis without surgery, said Scott Hoots for the pain control clinic.
The clinic is open to patients who suffer from all types of joint-related pain or discomforts, including neck pain, low back pain, knee pain, wrist and ankle pain, elbow pain, shoulder pain, etc. The treatment providers offer personalized treatments based on a thorough evaluation of the patient and their current health status. Patients can rest assured that theyll get dynamic treatment plans that are tailored to scale their progress.
The treatment providers at QC Kinetix (Waverly) focus on dealing with the painful symptoms first and then work their way to addressing the underlying problems for long-term results. Visit them at 11835 Southmore Drive, Suite 202, Charlotte, NC, 28277, United States, or call (704) 360-3057 to schedule an appointment. Learn more about the clinic and its services by visiting its website.
Media Contact
Company NameQC Kinetix (Waverly)Contact NameMarc DifronzoPhone(704) 360-3057Address11835 Southmore Drive, Suite 202CityCharlotteStateNCPostal Code28277CountryUnited StatesWebsitehttps://qckinetix.com/charlotte/waverly/
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