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Monthly Archives: May 2022
Biden: Progress on baby formula supply coming very shortly – The Hill
Posted: May 15, 2022 at 10:00 pm
President Biden on Friday said he expects the administration will make progress on increasing the supply of baby formula soon, amid the ongoing national shortage.
This is a process. Were working on it very, very hard. Theres nothing more urgent were working on than that right now and I think were going to be making some significant progress very shortly, he said at the White House.
When asked if the administration should have taken steps sooner, the president responded, If weve been better mind readers, I guess we could have.
But, we moved as quickly as the problem became apparent to us. And, we have to move with caution as well as speed because we gotta make sure what were getting is in fact first-rate product. Thats why the FDA has to go through the process, he said.
Earlier on Friday, White House press secretary Jen Psaki would not offer a ballpark window for how many weeks or months the White House expects until baby formula is well-stocked at big box retail stores.
The president pointed to steps his administration is taking to address the shortage, including expanded flexibility in a key program for the poor the Special Supplemental Nutrition Program for Women, Infants and Children (WIC). He also mentioned that the U.S. is increasing imports of formula from abroad, and he pointed to the newly launched website for resources about the shortage.
Biden had remarked about the baby formula shortage: All of a sudden its on the front page of every newspaper.
The White House hasbeen on the defenseover its reaction to the shortage of baby formula, emphasizing that it quickly took action on the issue. Psaki said on Friday the administration has not waited to take action.
When asked if there was more they could have done sooner, Psaki said, Well look, hindsight is always 20-20.
Abbott Nutrition recalled products in February, but the baby formula shortage has been ongoing and formula supply has been spotty for months because of supply chain pressures and labor shortages.
Biden penned a letter to Federal Trade Commission Chairwoman Lina Khan on Thursday, asking the independent agency to consider using all of its available tools and authorities to actively monitor the infant formula market and address any illegal conduct that may be contributing to scarcity and hoarding as well as study whether rural or smaller retailers are being put at a disadvantage.
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Springbank homeowner comes across break-and-enter in progress: RCMP – Airdrie Today
Posted: at 10:00 pm
"The homeowner was approached by a masked individual with a firearm who forced the homeowner to the ground," Cochrane RCMP stated.
A homeowner interrupted a break-and-enter at their Springbank residence on May 9 and was then threatened with a firearm, according to a press release from Cochrane RCMP.
The detachment statedthe call came in during the early hours of May 9 from a residence in Upland Ridge,and the officers' investigation revealed the homeowner came home to find their household being burgled.
"The homeowner was approached by a masked individual with a firearm who forced the homeowner to the ground," Cochrane RCMP stated. "The suspect left the residence in what is described as an older model grey blue SUV or van, possibly a Honda Odyssey."
The suspect has been described as Caucasian, standing 5'9" weighing 160 pounds. He had a raspy voice and was wearing large work boots, a dark hoodie and jack, black pants with cargo pockets, gloves, and a balaclava.
If you have information on this crime, please contact the Cochrane RCMP at 403-932-2211. If you want to remain anonymous, you can contact Crime Stoppers at 1-800-222-8477 (TIPS), online atwww.P3Tips.comor by using the P3 Tips app available through the Apple App or Google Play Store.
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Tompkins confident in progress of $50 million street program – Herald-Banner
Posted: at 10:00 pm
Greenville Public Works Director Press Tompkins told the city council Tuesday that hes confident the $50 million improvement program for city streets will be accomplished in two years.
We are on target, were right around $24 million in the first year. Our goal is to spend the $50 million in two years. I feel very good, very comfortable with where were at and the progress were making on it, said Tompkins.
In May 2021, voters in Greenville overwhelmingly supported a $50 million bond proposal to improve the citys streets. With the low interest rates at the time, voters were told the bond could be repaid without an increase to the tax rate.
It was the second road improvement bond to be approved by voters in seven months.
Some of the road projects the city has completed include a mill and overlay of Gabe Estates; a resurfacing of the Cedars Addition, a complete rebuild of Carol Drive, including sewer, water and drainage; a four-lane, concrete total rebuild of Roy Warren Parkway from Jacksons Run to Traders Road; curb and gutter replacement along LaFontaine Lane; and rebuilds of 16 Wesley Street intersections. The city also has numerous other streets under construction.
Tompkins urged the city to have a regular road maintenance program in which roads are rehabilitated before the fall into complete disrepair. Rehabbing surfaces can be done at less expense than completely rebuilding a road, he said. A maintenance program can extend the life of roads by 15 to 20 years or longer, he said.
In other news about streets, City Manager Summer Spurlock reported that city crews have roughly $258,000 remaining from a $500,000 budget for the repair of potholes.
Spurlock also provided an update on a $10.19 million rebuild of Sayle Street, which, she said, is roughly 85% completed.
We are making critical coverage of the coronavirus available for free. Please consider subscribing so we can continue to bring you the latest news and information on this developing story.
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2022 Projects for Progress awardees continue working with community | Penn Today – Penn Today
Posted: at 10:00 pm
The second cohort of Projects for Progress has been awarded, continuing the mission of faculty, staff, and students coming together around outreach projects directly in the neighborhood and larger Philadelphia community. Established by former Penn presidentAmy Gutmannin 2020, Projects for Progress are overseen by Penns Office of Social Equity & Community. Penn students, faculty, and staff are already coming together, bringing their valuable perspectives and ideas to the table, to build real world initiatives that address major societal issues. This award is one way to honor efforts that focus specifically on Philadelphia, says Nicole Maloy, director of the Office of Social Equity & Community.
The teams proposed initiatives that would make an impact in Philadelphia, focusing on one of three goals: eradicating or reducing systemic racism; achieving educational equity; and reducing health disparities based on race, gender, sexual orientation, and/or social determinants of health. The winning teams receive up to $100,000 to implement their initiatives over the coming year.
A total of nine teams applied this year, including 16 students, 10 faculty, and nine staff. Overseen by the Office of Social Equity & Community,a Selection Committee representing Civic House, Graduate School of Education, Netter Center for Community Partnerships, Penn Medicine, Penn Nursing, School of Social Policy & Practice, and University Life appointed the award recipients, and were approved by Interim President Wendell Pritchett.
Penns second cohort of Projects for Progress recipients are truly magnificent, says Pritchett. They are undergraduate and graduate students, and professors and administrators, all working together to boostalongside the Philadelphia communitysocial justice, educational equity, and health care reform. I have no doubt each team will use this award creatively as a launchpad for many years of success.
The Economic Justice Partnership is an effort launched at Penn to train marginalized young people (first generation college students, students of color, high school students) to be paid racially-conscious economic justice coaches for other young people and community members.
The initiative will partner with community organizations to reduce racial disparities in colorectal cancer in West Philadelphia by disseminating and implementing a novel initiativeDrive-through Fecal Immunochemical Test (FIT)which decentralizes screening from the clinic to the community. The initiative will also design and evaluate a Drive-through FIT implementation toolbox to help further disseminate this program throughout West Philadelphia.
The Public Schools as Equity Infrastructure Studio+ is an opportunity for West Philadelphia teens in public school, teachers, Penn graduate students, and faculty to partner with education activists and community-based organizations on the design and implementation of public school campus upgrades that embody a new system-wide vision for schools as equity infrastructure.
Visit theProjects for Progress websitefor more information,or emailprojectsforprogress@sec.upenn.edu.
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Otter Tail Power Company Making Great Progress Many in Castlewood Will Have Power Soon – mykxlg.com
Posted: at 10:00 pm
Still many people in our surrounding area are without power. As you drive through Castlewood all you hear is the beeping of trucks/machinery backing up, excavators and payloaders, and the hum of generators running all over town.
The community has continued to rally, lots of the debris and damage has been picked up. The crews and volunteers have done a great job. Hats off to everyone involved.
We have even seen a photo of a utility truck from Utah. Lots of crews from out of our area came and helped pitch in. This gives Otter Tail Power the ability to give some great news.
Below is their most recent release:
[Saturday, May 14, 4:30 p.m.] Our crews made significant progress throughout the day, restoring power to several areas while continuing to address isolated issues in the region.
Below are communities still without power, as well as current estimated restoration times.
Minnesota
South Dakota
If youre still experiencing an outage not listed, and havent yet reported it to us, please call or send us a direct message viaFacebook, said Area Manager Scott Wiese. And if you see damage to power lines or poles, stay safe and stay away.Report damage to us right away.
We'll provide an update on restoration efforts around 9:30 a.m. Sunday atotpco.com/outages.
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UAE saw surge in progress in these six areas during Sheikh Khalifa’s years in office – The National
Posted: at 10:00 pm
In 2004, when Sheikh Khalifa became President after the death of UAE Founding Father, the late Sheikh Zayed bin Sultan Al Nahyan, the Emirates had already made progress towards becoming an advanced nation.
There was well-developed infrastructure connecting all corners of the country, top-class healthcare, universities aplenty, some of the most spectacular modern architecture and a thriving tourism sector.
Under Sheikh Khalifas guidance, the country has continued to grow, attracting investment and people from across the world, expanding its education and healthcare sectors, and producing myriad developments that are recognised worldwide.
Here we look at some of the main ways in which the UAE has progressed during Sheikh Khalifas presidency.
Crowds gather at Expo 2020 Dubai.Antonie Robertson / The National
The UAE continued its rapid growth in population under Sheikh Khalifa, with the total more than doubling, according to World Bank data, from 4.07 million in 2004 to 9.89 million in 2020, the most recent year for which figures are available.
In 2020, the population grew by 1.2 per cent, according to World Bank figures.
The UN forecasts the population of the Emirates will reach about 11.1 million by 2030, by 2050 around 13.2 million and by 2100 about 14.8 million.
Some experts have forecast faster growth, with Prof Philippe Fargues, director of the migration policy centre at the European University Institute, telling The National he thought Dubais population could double over the next decade.
UAE's GDP has more than doubled in the past two decades, Silvia Razgova / The National
Like other nations, the UAE has experienced significant fluctuations in gross domestic product as a result of the global economic slump of the late 2000s and the coronavirus pandemic.
But the Emirates also proved itself capable of bouncing back from such challenges and, under Sheikh Khalifa, the countrys growth outpaced that of the world as a whole.
In 2004, the UAEs GDP was $147.82 billion, a figure that by 2020 had increased to $358.87bn, an increase of nearly 143 per cent.
Global GDP during the same 18-year period grew from $44.11 trillion to $84.75tn, a more modest increase of a little more than 92 per cent.
This means, overall, that while Sheikh Khalifa was President, economic activity in the UAE grew more than one-and-a-half times as fast as it did in the world as a whole.
Years of major investment in public and private hospitals and attracting top doctors made the UAE well equipped to handle the coronavirus pandemic. Chris Whiteoak / The National
When Sheikh Khalifa became President, the UAE was, thanks to its advanced healthcare system, well ahead of the global average in life expectancy.
Rapid development had taken the nations average life expectancy from 52 years (one year less than the global average) in 1960 to 75 (six years more than the global average) in 2004.
With healthcare provision continuing to develop, the UAEs average life expectancy has further improved, reaching 78 in 2020, which is five years more than the average for the world.
While challenges such as poor diet and lifestyle remain, progress has been made in many areas of healthcare.
For example, in 2005 the UAE recorded about five maternal deaths for every 100,000 live births, but by 2017 the figure had fallen to three for every 100,000 live births, according to data published by the World Health Organisation. Improvements in maternal care, technology and medical education are credited with the improvements.
The UAE has a well-developed public sector schooling system and a myriad of high-performing private schools that teach in every major curriculum.Antonie Robertson / The National
Under Sheikh Khalifa, the UAE significantly expanded its education sector, with globally renowned higher education institutions such as New York University and the Sorbonne opening campuses in the Emirates, and home-grown institutions progressing in international rankings.
Khalifa University was ranked 446th in the world in the QS World University Rankings in 2015, when the university was first listed, but in the 2022 table it had progressed to 183rd.
Other UAE institutions have also moved up, including UAE University, which went from 372nd in 2010 to 288th this year. The American University of Sharjah has moved up from 426th in 2012 to 383rd this year.
In 2009, for the first time, the UAE took part in the rankings of the Programme for International Student Assessment (Pisa), which measures the attainment of 15-year-old pupils in reading, mathematics and science.
In the 2009, 2012, 2015 and 2018 assessments (the 2021 edition has been postponed until later this year), the UAE achieved results that were below the OECD average, as is the case for most non-OECD nations, but were largely stable, the OECD said.
Abu Dhabi Global Market on Al Maryah Island. Victor Besa / The National
With its central location and business-friendly regulations aimed at promoting economic diversification, the UAE has long been an attractive location for foreign direct investment.
During Sheikh Khalifas presidency, the annual totals fluctuated in line with global economic patterns, but the overall trend was upwards.
In 2004, foreign direct investment into the UAE was valued at $10bn, according to data published by the World Bank. It peaked in 2007 at $14.2bn before the economic crash hit hard, with the total two years later just $1.13bn.
Since then, with much smaller peaks and troughs, the country has achieved steady increases, with FDI growing 11.2 per cent in 2020 to reach $19.9bn.
This growth was achieved despite the coronavirus pandemic, which resulted in the global FDI total plunging by 42 per cent in 2020.
Overall, the UAE achieved almost a doubling of FDI between 2004 and 2020, while globally over the same period the total increased only 40.4 per cent, from $612bn to $859bn.
Engineers and technicians at Barakah Nuclear Power Plant outside Abu Dhabi. Courtesy: FANR
During Sheikh Khalifas presidency, the UAE made significant progress when it came to womens representation in the workforce, decision-making bodies, government and education, among other areas.
Figures from the International Labour Organisation published by the World Bank indicate that in 2004, 37 per cent of females aged 15 and over were economically active.
There has been a strong upwards trend for most of the subsequent period, and last year the figure was 47 per cent.
This increase in female participation in the UAE came despite a fall in female labour force participation globally, from 64 per cent of females aged 15 and over being economically active in 2004, to 59 per cent in 2021.
Women make up half the members of the Federal National Council, and the UAE embassy to the US notes that the UAE ranked first in the female parliamentary representation index in the IMD World Competitiveness Yearbook 2020.
According to the UAE gender balance council, 95 per cent of females who graduate from high school in the UAE go on to tertiary education, compared to 80 per cent of males.
Updated: May 15, 2022, 11:08 AM
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Cancer Detection, Oil Spill Cleanup, Quantum Computing, and a New Medical Device: Meet the Spring 2022 Innovation Fund Finalists – Polsky Center for…
Posted: at 9:59 pm
Published on Wednesday, May 11, 2022
Previous finalists have built exciting technologies across a wide range of industries representative of the core strengths of the University and its partners. (Image: iStock.com/AntonioSolano)
Three teams have been selected as finalists for the George Shultz Innovation Fund spring 2022 investment cycle bringing to the forefront solutions for scaling quantum computers, sustainably cleaning oil spills, detecting cancer with saliva, and improving medical devices.
Managed by the Polsky Center for Entrepreneurship and Innovation, the George Shultz Innovation Fund provides up to $250,000 in co-investment funding for early-stage tech ventures coming out of the University of Chicago,Argonne National Laboratory,Fermilab, andtheMarine Biological Laboratory.
>> Register to attend the virtual Innovation Fund Finals on May 25th.
Through the Innovation Funds programmatic scope, we are able to surround these tech startups with a community of support including distinguished angel and venture capital investors, potential customers, advisors, scientists, entrepreneurs, and industry partners to help move their projects forward, said Ozge Guney Altay, director of Polsky Science Ventures.
The startups we invest in go through a rigorous, venture-capital-style due diligence conducted by a multi-disciplinary team of Innovation Fund Associates, added Altay. Our core mission with the Innovation Fund is to help researchers turn their innovations into ventures that are positioned to succeed in their fund-raising efforts.
The spring 2022 finalists include:
The core mission of the Shultz Innovation Fund is to help researchers turn their innovations into ventures that advance cutting-edge technologies, generate significant financial returns, and create lasting impact for humankind.
The teams receive guidance and dedicated support from the Polsky Center, business experts, an advisory committee, and studentInnovation Fund Associateswho are training in venture capitalism.
Over the last 11 years, the George Shultz Innovation Fund has invested $9.2 million in 90 companies that have gone on to raise $235 million in follow-on funding. Companies launched with the funds support includeExplORer Surgical,Corvidia,ClostraBio, andSuper.Tech.
Discussions with the Innovation Fund leadership and associates helped us clarify our core strategy and business model. We also benefited from the training and support on crafting a pitch deck, which will help us in conversations with future investors as well, said Pranav Gokhale, CEO and cofounder of Super.tech. Building on its success after securing $150,000 from the Innovation Fund in 2020, Super.tech went on to securemillions of dollars in federal research and was recently acquired by the global quantum ecosystem leader,ColdQuanta. Major organizations, including Fortune 500 companies and national research laboratories, today relay on its software as part of their strategic quantum initiatives.
A finalist in the 2021 spring cohort, Esya Labs CEO and Cofounder Dhivya Venkat said: All startups at the University of Chicago should apply to go through the George Shultz Innovation Fund. It was such a beneficial experience. Esya Labs earlier this yearannouncedthat Novartis is among the first companies to use its technology.
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Quantum-South Declares their Air Cargo Optimization Application Ready for Production – Quantum Computing Report
Posted: at 9:59 pm
Quantum-South Declares their Air Cargo Optimization Application Ready for Production
We had reported in February how Quantum-South had created a prototype quantum application that could optimize how air cargo should be loaded optimally into a freighter aircraft. It is a very complex problem for classical computers because one must take into account many different targets and constraints including revenue, priority, center of gravity, shear force and volume, and industry standard weight and balance restrictions. Researchers often refer to this type of problem as a Knapsack Problem. Providing an optimum solution to this problem for each flight can have a tremendous profitability impact for airline companies, because over a hundred billion dollars is spent each year in air freight shipments. Quantum-South had started developing this application as a submission to the Airbus Quantum Computing Challenge in 2019, during which Quantum South was selected as one of the global finalists in the competition.
Quantum-South has now declared their application ready for production use with popular Airbus A330-200F or Boeing 747-400 air freighters. Their software currently runs on the D-Wave quantum annealer for these aircraft and can provide a solution within minutes. Quantum-South also has a version of their application that can run on gate-based quantum computers for small scale freighters, but these processors will need to increase in size before the application can support the larger freighters. Quantum-South is also working on a version of this application that can support maritime cargo. The problem is similar, but the constraints can be different.
Additional information about Quantum-Souths air cargo optimization application is available in a news release posted on their website here.
May 13, 2022
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IonQ Launches Native Gate Access, Extends Open-Source Capabilities for Researchers and Developers – HPCwire
Posted: at 9:59 pm
COLLEGE PARK, M.D., May 12, 2022 IonQ, an industry leader in quantum computing, today announced support for specifying quantum circuits in a hardware-native gate format across its systems. Researchers, academic institutions, and developers looking for new ways to test, learn and discover real-world solutions can now more precisely and expressively define their algorithms that run on IonQ quantum hardware.
IonQ provides customers with access to its cloud quantum computing platform the IonQ Quantum Cloud which allows users to run quantum programs on IonQs hardware remotely. Customers have the flexibility and simplicity to define quantum algorithms in whatever format best suits their needs, and the platforms proprietary compilation, optimization and post-processing stack ensure consistent, high-quality results. However, advanced researchers and developers often need more fine-grained control over each individual gate run on hardware when exploring novel algorithms, solutions, and fundamental techniques.
In order to serve this group of innovators more effectively, IonQ is further democratizing access to its industry-leading hardware by providing users with the ability to submit quantum programs using its hardware-native gate format. Developers can now specify precisely what is happening to every qubit throughout their entire algorithm, improving overall usefulness through new error mitigation or post-processing techniques. The feature is now available via IonQs direct API, Google Cloud Marketplace integration, and a variety of open-source tools such as Qiskit, Cirq, PennyLane, and others.
Researchers, academics, developers, and other tinkerers like to be as close to the metal as possible when designing quantum experiments that can surpass todays benchmarks they want to be able to play at every layer of the stack to extract as much performance and novel insight as possible from these systems, said Nathan Shammah, from Unitary Fund, the nonprofit organization developing Mitiq, the first open-source software for quantum error mitigation. IonQ providing a native gate interface across several open-source tools further opens access and paves the way for the open source community to maximize control and improve performance in quantum computing software.
By providing the open source community with greater access to IonQs quantum hardware through native gates, we are doubling down on our commitment to provide researchers with the tools needed to experiment with quantum computers in the way they best see fit, said Jungsang Kim, Co-Founder and CTO at IonQ. Quantums true potential will only be realized by those willing to push the boundaries of whats possible, and IonQs industry-leading hardware provides the ideal platform to build on top of and seek out solutions for the worlds most complex problems.
Todays news is the latest in a series of announcements by IonQ designed to push accessibility to quantum systems forward. In March, IonQ unveiled an industry-standard #AQ performance benchmark set to evaluate the quality of results output from a quantum computer. Additionally, the company announced in February the development of the N-qubit Toffoli gate alongside Duke University, introducing a new way to operate on many connected qubits at once by leveraging multi-qubit communication. More recently, IonQ announced the extension of its commercial partnership with Hyundai Motors to use quantum machine learning to improve the computation process for tasks like road sign image classification and simulation in a real-world test environment.
About IonQ
IonQ, Inc. is a leader in quantum computing, with a proven track record of innovation and deployment. IonQs latest generation quantum computer, IonQ Aria, is the worlds most powerful quantum computer, and IonQ has defined what it believes is the best path forward to scale. IonQ is the only company with its quantum systems available through the cloud on Amazon Braket, Microsoft Azure, and Google Cloud, as well as through direct API access. IonQ was founded in 2015 by Christopher Monroe and Jungsang Kim based on 25 years of pioneering research. To learn more, visit http://www.ionq.com.
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How Properties of Mechanical Quantum Systems Can Be Measured Without Destroying the Quantum State – SciTechDaily
Posted: at 9:58 pm
Optical microscope image of the acoustic resonator viewed from above (two larger disks, the inner of which is the piezoelectric transducer) and of the antenna connected to the superconducting qubit (white structure). Credit: Adapted from von Lpke et al. Nat. Phys. DOI: 10.1038/s41567-022-01591-2 (2022)
New experimental work establishes how quantum properties of mechanical quantum systems can be measured without destroying the quantum state.
Systems in which mechanical motion is controlled at the level of individual quanta are emerging as a promising quantum-technology platform. New experimental work now establishes how quantum properties of such systems can be measured without destroying the quantum state a key ingredient for tapping the full potential of mechanical quantum systems.
When thinking about quantum mechanical systems, single photons and well-isolated ions and atoms may spring to mind, or electrons spreading through a crystal. More exotic in the context of quantum mechanics are genuinely mechanical quantum systems; that is, massive objects in which mechanical motion such as vibration is quantized.
In a series of seminal experiments, quintessential quantum-mechanical features have been observed in mechanical systems, including energy quantization and entanglement. However, with a view to putting such systems to use in fundamental studies and technological applications, observing quantum properties is but a first step. The next one is to master the handling of mechanical quantum objects, so that their quantum states can be controlled, measured, and eventually exploited in device-like structures.
The group of Yiwen Chu in the Laboratory of Solid State Physics at ETH Zurich has now made major progress in that direction. Writing in the journal Nature Physics, they report the extraction of information from a mechanical quantum system without destroying the precious quantum state. This advance paves the path to applications such as quantum error correction, and beyond.
The ETH physicists employ a slab of high-quality sapphire, a little under half a millimeter thick, as their mechanical system. On its top sits a thin piezoelectrical transducer that can excite acoustic waves, which are reflected at the bottom and thus extend across a well-defined volume inside the slab. These excitations are the collective motion of a large number of atoms, yet they are quantized (in energy units known as phonons) and can be subjected, in principle at least, to quantum operations in very much the same ways as the quantum states of atoms, photons and electrons can be.
Intriguingly, it is possible to interface the mechanical resonator with other quantum systems, and with superconducting qubits in particular. The latter are tiny electronic circuits in which electromagnetic energy states are quantized, and they are currently one of the leading platforms for building scalable quantum computers. The electromagnetic fields associated with the superconducting circuit enable the coupling of the qubit to the piezoelectrical transducer of the acoustic resonator, and thereby to its mechanical quantum states.
Photograph of the flip-chip bonded hybrid device, with the acoustical-resonator chip on top of the superconducting-qubit chip. The bottom chip is 7 mm in length. Credit: Adapted from von Lpke et al. Nat. Phys. DOI: 10.1038/s41567-022-01591-2 (2022)
In such hybrid qubitresonator devices, the best of two worlds can be combined. Specifically, the highly developed computational capabilities of superconducting qubits can be used in synchrony with the robustness and long lifetime of acoustical modes, which can serve as quantum memories or transducers. For such applications, however, merely coupling qubit and resonator states will be not enough. For example, a straightforward measurement of the quantum state in the resonator destroys it, making repeated measurements impossible. What is needed instead is the capability to extract information about the mechanical quantum state in a more gentle, well-controlled manner.
Demonstrating a protocol for such so-called quantum non-demolition measurements is what Chus doctoral students Uwe von Lpke, Yu Yang, and Marius Bild, working with Branco Weiss fellow Matteo Fadel and with support from semester project student Laurent Michaud, now achieved. In their experiments there is no direct energy exchange between the superconducting qubit and the acoustic resonator during the measurement. Instead, the properties of the qubit are made to depend on the number of phonons in the acoustic resonator, with no need to directly touch the mechanical quantum state think about a theremin, the musical instrument in which the pitch depends on the position of the musicians hand without making physical contact with the instrument.
Creating a hybrid system in which the state of the resonator is reflected in the spectrum of the qubit is highly challenging. There are stringent demands on how long the quantum states can be sustained both in the qubit and in the resonator, before they fade away due to imperfections and perturbations from the outside. So the task for the team was to push the lifetimes of both the qubit and the resonator quantum states. And they succeeded, by making a series of improvements, including a careful choice of the type of superconducting qubit used and encapsulating the hybrid device in a superconducting aluminum cavity to ensure tight electromagnetic shielding.
Having successfully pushed their system into the desired operational regime (known as the strong dispersive regime), the team was able to gently extract the phonon-number distribution in their acoustic resonator after exciting it with different amplitudes. Moreover, they demonstrated a way to determine in one single measurement whether the number of phonons in the resonator is even or odd a so-called parity measurement without learning anything else about the distribution of phonons. Obtaining such very specific information, but no other, is crucial in a number of quantum-technological applications. For instance, a change in parity (a transition from an odd to an even number or vice versa) can signal that an error has affected the quantum state and that correcting is needed. Here it is essential, of course, that the to-be-corrected state is not destroyed.
Before an implementation of such error-correction schemes is possible, however, further refinement of the hybrid system is necessary, in particular, to improve the fidelity of the operations. But quantum error correction is by far not the only use on the horizon. There is an abundance of exciting theoretical proposals in the scientific literature for quantum-information protocols as well as for fundamental studies that benefit from the fact that the acoustic quantum states reside in massive objects. These provide, for example, unique opportunities for exploring the scope of quantum mechanics in the limit of large systems and for harnessing the mechanical quantum systems as a sensor.
References:
Parity measurement in the strong dispersive regime of circuit quantum acoustodynamics by Uwe von Lpke, Yu Yang, Marius Bild, Laurent Michaud, Matteo Fadel and Yiwen Chu, 12 May 2022, Nature Physics.DOI: 10.1038/s41567-022-01591-2
Good vibrations for quantum computing by Amy Navarathna and Warwick P. Bowen, 12 May 2022, Nature Physics.DOI: 10.1038/s41567-022-01613-z
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