Daily Archives: February 6, 2021

Having an underlying health condition doesn’t mean we move up the COVID-19 vaccine line – USA TODAY

Posted: February 6, 2021 at 7:59 am

Gunnar Esiason and Emily Kramer-Golinkoff, Opinion contributors Published 7:00 a.m. ET Feb. 4, 2021

There are many questions surrounding Covid-19 vaccines, one of which is whether vaccines can be mixed and matched. Veuers Johana Restrepo has more. Buzz60

When it comes to getting vaccinated, why are many Americans with cystic fibrosis behind people working remotely, smokers, and cannabis growers?

In March, the term underlying condition was used toreassurehealthy Americans about their risk as COVID-19 overwhelmed New York Citys hospitals. Media reports saidoverandoverthat underlying health conditions presented an enormous amount of risk for Americans.

Yet, in many states people living with serious underlying conditions are still waiting for COVID-19 vaccines, prioritized below individuals with lower risk. Suddenly, it seems underlying health conditions are considered nothigh risk enough.

We live with cystic fibrosis (CF), a rare and fatal genetic disease associated with respiratory decline and failure. In 2019, the median age of death for individuals with CF in the United States was32.4 years old. And that'sunder the best of circumstances, notduring a pandemic.

When cases of COVID-19 started mounting nationwide, our patient community wasquickly urgedto stock up on supplies and stay home.Like the millions of Americans with underlying conditions, our goal was topreventexposure to COVID-19.

More than 30,000 people in the United States have CF. As of mid-January, at least799 individuals with CF have contracted COVID-19 in the U.S. with almost15% requiring hospitalization,according to a webinarhostedby the Cystic Fibrosis Foundation. According to preliminary data from theEuropean Cystic Fibrosis Society,the hospitalization rate for confirmed COVID-19 cases in Europeis almost 28%.

The risk for bad outcomes from COVID-19 increasesefor CF patientswith advanced lung disease, diabetes, or if they have received a double lung transplant.

Clearly, access to COVID-19 vaccines couldsubstantially reduce the risk of severe outcomesfrom the virus.

We have watched lower risk populations,including hospital employeeswithout direct patient careresponsibilities, universityfacultyable to teach remotely, and vaccine chasers receive their shots.

The specific prioritization varies state by state, but people with serious underlying conditions are finding themselves at the back of the line across the country, often because they are younger in age.

In Pennsylvania, people with CF are waiting in line behindsmokersand in Maryland, they are waiting behindcannabis growers. InWashingtonandMichigan, people with CF may have to wait until the spring or summer.

We allowed the opioid epidemic to play out: FDA's Janet Woodcock failed to stop the opioid epidemic

In some parts of the country, likeNorth CarolinaandCalifornia, vaccines are beingallocated by agerather thanrisk of serious outcomes, thereby leaving people with life-shortening diseases like CF behind.

Why are people with underlying health conditions who may have substantial risk for bad outcomes from COVID-19 being forced to wait for vaccines?

It is because we are stuck in a high-risk limbo.In some ways, orders to stay at home as much as possible worked, but now they are being used against us.

Because of our conditionssmall patient population sizeand our strict adherence to social distancing guidelines, states don't have complete information when it comes to the risks we face aftercontracting COVID-19. Imperfect data should not beused to set policy.

With advanced stage disease, I (Emily) am at particularly high risk. I have not left my house aside from a daily masked and socially distanced walk since March. I have not stepped foot in a grocery store or restaurant, and I have had to convert all of my medical care to telehealth. While telehealth has many benefits, the reality remains that a zoom call with ones doctors is not a substitute for in-person care, nor is it always possible.

Emily Kramer-Golinkoff in Philadelphia in July 2018.(Photo: Cheyenne Gil)

Disability advocates are rightly frustrated with vaccine allocation. CF is not the only condition to be disadvantaged in the rollout. People living with asthma, dementia, hypertension, liver disease, andother rareconditionsare also having towait behind healthy Americans.

Only one of us (Emily) has been able to receive the first dose of a vaccine, while the other (Gunnar) has had no luck so far. We are a microcosm of the frustration our patient community faces in gaining access to vaccines.

Instead, we aretold to stay home.

Now, it is almost as if staying home is presented to us as an alternative to vaccination. Chronic conditions often require in-person medical care that put us at high risk for exposure. In addition, people with CF and their family members rely on jobs for rent, food and health insurance just like everyone else that cannot always be done remotely. They alsohave children that go to schooland require child care. Just staying home is simply untenable for many.

Beyond the practical considerations, the suggestion that people with underlying conditions just stay home while we wait for later phases of the rollout is a solution steeped in discrimination. Providing vaccinations to lower risk people makes society accessible again for able-bodied people, while those of us with underlying medical conditions and disabilities are tucked away, expected to put our lives on hold, and wait.

Virginia fails to protect elderly: My parents caught COVID while vaccines languish unused

The insistence that we simply stay home denies our worth and value to society and treats us as second class citizens. The effect is a perpetuation of systemic ableism and widening of pre-existing inequity among sick and disabled populations.

Just staying home is not a substitute for vaccines.

Gunnar Esiason in Hanover, New Hampshire, in February 2020.(Photo: Family handout)

Highly effective vaccines are finally available. Now the onus is on policy makers to allocate them justly and equitably. That includes providing them to people with serious underlying conditions. This is particularly critical now as new coronavirusvariantsemerge in the US.

After all, for many of us with serious underlying conditions, a vaccine now versus in a few weeks or months can be the difference between life and death.

Gunnar Esiason, aMaster of Business Administration/Master of Public Healthcandidate at the Tuck School of Business at Dartmouth, lives with cystic fibrosis and is a rare disease patient leader with the BoomerEsiason Foundation. Follow him on Twitter @G17Esiason

Emily Kramer-Golinkoff, a Master of Bioethics,lives with advanced stage cystic fibrosis and is theco-founder of Emilys Entourage, which promotes research and drug development for Cystic Fibrosis,and a patient advocate and speaker. Follow Emily on Twitter at @emilykg1 and Emilys Entourage at @EmilysEntourage.

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CF PharmTech and Chengdu Shangyi Launch the "Home-Based Recovery Program for Discharged Covid-19 Patients" and Announce Today’s Global…

Posted: at 7:59 am

In April 2020, CF PharmTech and Chengdu Shangyi launched the "Home-Based Recovery Program for Discharged Covid-19 Patients". Under the guidance of Professor Li Jian'an, a member of the American Academy of Medical Sciences and Director of the Rehabilitation Medical Center of the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, they successfully conducted studies of discharged Covid-19 patients using sports rehabilitation remote monitoring by "R Plus Health" App.

The clinical results exceeded everyone's expectations. Professor Li Jian'an concluded that the effect of sports rehabilitation monitoring for patients using the App was comparable to the effect from care given patients in the "Mobile Cabin Hospital" in Wuhan. The companies jointly launch the free "R Plus Health" App globally today.

The App is the world's clinically proven and effective, home-based rehabilitation treatment for Covid-19 patients. It is the first "patented digital therapy" approved by the NMPA(National Medical Products Administration). The main function of the App is its remote intelligent cardiopulmonary/muscle/nutrition assessment, combining the wearable equipment with prepackaged medicinal supplements.

The App will assist in improving the cardiopulmonary endurance and immunity of Covid-19 patients, susceptible populations, high-risk contacts, elderly people and children with poor immunity. Once users register, the App carries out intelligent assessments including questionnaires, and cardiopulmonary endurance and body function tests. After an evaluation, users can access a personalized exercise program including sports type, intensity, length of time and frequency. Users simply need to follow the sports training videos and do the exercises. The effect will be enhanced if the App is connected to intelligent equipment.

Since the outbreak of Covid-19, more than 100 million people have been diagnosed worldwide, and the number of infected individuals is increasing rapidly. It has become a global pandemic. Join the "R Plus Health" App to enhance physical fitness, improve immunity and fight against the coronavirus.

How to download:1.Search for "R Plus Health" App in the Apple Store or Google Play2.Click the link: https://download.rplushealth.cn/app/patient

SOURCE CF PharmTech, Inc.

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Philadelphia Phillies: Could Scott Kingery end up as the everyday CF? – Section 215

Posted: at 7:59 am

Once regarded as one of the Philadelphia Phillies top young talents, Scott Kingery did not have the 2020 that we were all expecting from him. After a nasty bout with COVID-19 leading into the shortened season, Kingery simply never got his feet under him. He finished the year with career-worsts across the board, slashing a measly .159/.283/.511. Kingerys defense was equally as suspect, as he actually finished with a negative defensive WAR on the year (-0.4).

It was a brutal 2020 campaign for the young infielder/outfielder, one that was constantly riddled with nagging injuries and bouts of inconsistencies. Anytime it looked like he was finally starting to find a rhythm, hed immediately fall back into a slump highlighted by lots of strikeouts and miscues in the field.

With all that said, theres still little reason to be 100% out on the former second round pick. He had an encouraging season in 2019 (career-high .788 OPS, 2.8 WAR), and hes still one of the better athletes on the Philadelphia Phillies roster. While he might struggle to snag himself an everyday role at second base the position he won a Gold Glove at in the minor leagues theres a possibility he finds himself a new starting gig in the Phillies outfield this season.

With Didi Gregorius now under contract for the next two seasons, the Phillies actually have a bit of a logjam when it comes to their infield. Didi is obviously the teams shortstop, Alec Bohm and Rhys Hoskins should be locking down the corners, and then Jean Segura likely takes second base. While the Phillies could in theory rotate Segura and Kingery at 2B to get them both playing time (like they did in 2020), it might make more sense for Joe Girardi to finally commit to Kingery as a full-time center fielder.

Due to his elite athleticism, Kingery has spent a good amount of time in the outfield throughout his three-year career. Hes logged 636 career innings as an outfielder, with 547 of them coming in center. While hes not been *great* by any stretch of the imagination out in CF, he did post a perfect fielding percentage at the position in 2020, at least showing signs of potential.

While the infield might be a more natural fit for Kingery based on his minor league experience, the Phillies are lacking in outfield depth. Andrew McCutchen is on his last legs, Roman Quinn can be a liability at times, and Adam Haseley has still failed to earn the trust of Girardi as an everyday option himself.

Barring any sort of last minute outfield additions, the Phillies would be wise to at least continue to cross-train Kingery as a second baseman and center fielder. On days where McCutchen needs a rest, lining up Kingery and Haseley as the center and left fielders wouldnt be the worst thing in the world.

While most still share the belief that Kingery needs to get everyday reps at 2B to continue to develop, at some point, playing time starts to become a factor. As long as Segura remains on the roster, itll be tough for Scott to be the full-time starter at second base. If taking over CF means getting daily action in the lineup, its something the Phillies should consider.

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CF & CFRP Market Report The demand for the Market will drastically increase in the Future Forecast 2025 KSU | The Sentinel Newspaper – KSU | The…

Posted: at 7:59 am

Kay Dee Market Insights (KDMI) recently published market research report on the globalCF & CFRP Market, this market research report provides detailed analysis of market drivers, challenges, opportunity analysis, and trends, along with various key insights into the market research report. The report on global CF & CFRP market demonstrates the important aspects that are anticipated to shape the growth of the market over the forecast period. The study also includes the analysis of the market size & forecast for the different segments and geographies.

The growth of this market is attributed towards major pertaining factors including: the increase in the demand for high-performance materials with high strength-to-weight ratio, good tensile strength, and electrical conductivity, the increasing use of carbon fiber composite materials in the aerospace industry, the rise in demand for lightweight vehicles so as to achieve fuel efficiency and production of electricity, the growing focus on renewable energy sources, exponential reduction in cost of carbon fibers, thegrowing demand for better performing products in the defense industry and the increasing focus on production of electricity from renewable source etc.

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Virgin

Recycled

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CF & CFRP Market Report The demand for the Market will drastically increase in the Future Forecast 2025 KSU | The Sentinel Newspaper - KSU | The...

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The Third Sub Episode 71: Whitecaps make moves, CF Montreal continue to build, and some other MLS chatter – Between The Sticks

Posted: at 7:59 am

In Episode 71 of the Third Sub Podcast, Alexandre Gangue-Ruzic and Samuel Rowan dive into the latest Vancouver Whitecaps and MLS news from this past week, before finishing off with some more MLS kit chatter.

Welcome back to another episode of the Third Sub Podcast!

In this episode, Alex and Sam are back, as usual, this time to chat all things Vancouver Whitecaps and MLS.

Up first, they catch up on the Whitecaps news of the week, as they look at some of the confirmed transactions that have happened in the past week.

First, they look at a confirmed departure, as David Milinkovics contract was officially terminated this week, before looking at some of the names that signed new deals in the past week, as Andy Rose officially re-signed (and became an assistant coach for the Caps U19 team!), while Caps Super Draft pick David Egbo and longtime USL veteran Evan Newton signed deals to join the team.

After that, they look at how the CBA negotiations have progressed over the last week, giving some thoughts on the multiple extensions of the negotiating deadline by MLS, breaking down what sort of message this whole process has delivered.

To round off the episode, they then tip their hat to Club de Foot Montreal and the incredible work theyve put in behind the scenes to build a sneaky-good team, before devolving into some more MLS kit discussion and speculation.

If you have Twitter, make sure to check out The Third Sub Podcast @thirdsubpod!

The Third Sub can be found on Spotify, Google Play, Apple Podcasts and Anchor. It can also now be found on Breaker, Overcast, Pocket Casts and Radio Public, so if you have any of those platforms installed, you can now find it on them.

(We are no longer uploading to Soundcloud, but you can still find the first two episodes there, if interested.)

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Rolando Dy attests to BRAVE CF’s recognition as top global organization – Tiebreaker Times

Posted: at 7:59 am

It was not only Filipino superstar Rolando Dy who experienced a fruitful 2020 because even his home promotion garnered noteworthy recognition for its effort to work through the so-called new normal last year.

Staying true to its commitment to deliver top-notch mixed martial arts action to fans around the world, FightBook MMA bestowed the Global Promotion of the Year award on BRAVE Combat Federation for the fourth year in a row.

Its no surprise to me that BRAVE CF won the award. In 2020, theyre one of the few promotions in the world that dared to take the first step and brought hope to fighters like me who were exploring different means to survive during the pandemic. Thats truly commendable, Dy said.

Founded by His Highness Shaikh Khaled bin Hamad Al Khalifa in 2016, the organization overcame an array of challenges caused by the global health crisis in 2020, finding a way to hold a total of 12 live events in countries such as Slovenia, Romania, Sweden, and Bahrain.

Looking back at 2020, Bahrain turned into an isolated fight hub dubbed as Kombat Kingdom to host five of the promotions 12 shows.

Moreover, BRAVE CF came to the rescue of the struggling European MMA scene by staging six cards in six weeks behind closed doors.

The year 2020 also witnessed the coronation of new world champions such as Amin Ayoub at lightweight and Mohammad Fakhreddine at middleweight.

Meanwhile, new contenders emerged through the pandemic-raged year with the likes of Dy, Muhammad Mokaev, Mochamed Machaev, and Benoit Saint Denis establishing themselves in their respective divisions.

The Bahrain-based MMA outfit paved the way for Dys career resurgence. He had a sensational 2020 that saw him clinch the prestigious BRAVE CF Fighter of the Year trophy with two remarkable victories as a lightweight.

Most recently, it was announced that Dy signed a brand new multi-fight contract with BRAVE CF.

They treat fighters with respect, and thats very important to us. I am grateful to be part of this promotion and for the opportunity they gave me last year, he stated.

They can count on me that I will represent the promotion to the best of my ability.

BRAVE CF 46 in Sochi, Russia was the companys curtain-raiser this year, featuring Eldar Eldarov who successfully defended his super lightweight title against Leonardo Mafra in the headliner.

The promotion is expected to announce its next event in the coming weeks.

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Meet the Architect Who’s Designing (and Living in) Houston’s First Cohousing Community – Houstonia Magazine

Posted: at 7:58 am

Houstons first-ever cohousing community is underway in the East End: Last spring, a group of like-minded livers selected a site at 115 Lennox Ave to construct Cohousing Houston, which puts connection and the environment ahead of just about everything else.

Cohousing communities are intentional collections of private homes clustered around a communal living space. At Cohousing Houston, residents from up to 33 member homes must (get this!) make decisions about their community via consensus and will (gasp!) interact with their neighbors through shared spaces, like kitchens, meals, and greenspaces.

Kathleen English, founder of English + Associates Architects, and her husband are one of 14 member households that are already onboard for the project thats slated to wrap up in fall 2022. She and her firm also happen to be designing the property and homes therewhich range from $330,000 to $780,000 for one to four bedroomswith the help of Caddis Collaborative out of Boulder, Colorado.

English spoke with Houstonia about cohabitating, coworking, and even co-gardening in the community.

I am the local architect and also am a member. That was an evolution that I wasn't necessarily expecting when we first got involved back in 2017. I really enjoy mission-driven projects in my architectural practice. For me, it means any project that is really about making a better environment, making Houston better, and not just being the next project.

My husband and I were exploring where to live, as well as how it will hopefully very positively impact Houston and the community that it gets built in. We had gone to Portland in May of 2017 and seen a couple of cohousing projects. We were intrigued and so we explored Houston and originally joined purely as members [a few months later].

My husband and I had come to the conclusion that we wanted to stay urban. We were ready to leave the wonderful house that we've lived in in West University Place for over 25 years and move into something smaller and different. And when we started looking for a place that was urban, walkable, had meaningful green space, a strong connection to neighbors, was not isolatingwe didn't find it. The cohousing group is giving us an opportunity to make that.

Some of the values that came out very early on and have played into the design is a strong desire by our group for shared greenspace. So it's a condo or townhome style, very dense housing model, but we're not wanting to leave out the green space.

In a lot of cohousing projects, parking is not required. We didn't think that would be a thing in Houstoneither from our local code or quite honestly the desire of our members. But we did not want to make it about the cars. What we did was push our parking onto a portion of the site that's off to the side. So we have front doors and small porches and a connection to the neighborhood in the community. And on the backside of the same unit we have back doors to a shared green space that is fairly large and will give us an opportunity to have community events, gardening, and a small pool.

At one edge of that shared common space is a four-story common house. The first two floors are really shared spaces for dining and activities. On the second floor theres more quiet activities for co-working, for crafts, and other activity rooms. And then the third and fourth floor are mainly connectors to the elevator.

Townhomes that are built in our urban environment put the two car garage on the ground floor, all living space above. There is no connection to your immediate neighbors or your neighbors down the block. You're pretty much driving into your garage and going up to your living floor from the interior, with little to no green space. So very, very few housing options in Houston really create a connected community and lots of housing options create significant isolation.

Budget will determine a lot of this, but right now the facility has geothermal air conditioning. We have underground detention on site. The building is being made solar-ready on all the roofs. The last element, which is really very fundamental to the design, is that we laid the site out using what's called low impact design principles, which is a way of managing stormwater to make it stay on site longer and also to help filter it and clean it as it does leave the site.

I think I'm looking forward to gardening and developing the landscaped areas. I have done a lot of that at my house. My house has been on a couple of garden tours based on some of the native gardening and rainwater gardening things that we've done. And Im looking forward to having a whole new playground.

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Celebrating Black History Month and reflecting on EDF’s past and future – Environmental Defense Fund

Posted: at 7:58 am

EDF celebrates Black History Month with a renewed sense of promise and purpose. We are taking purposeful action to help fulfill the promise of a world where racial and environmental equity are basic human rights. This goal must be integral to all of our work. To achieve it, we must acknowledge and learn from the past.

In 2020 the United States repeatedly witnessed gross inequities from the disproportionate number of COVID-19-related deaths suffered by communities of color to horrific police brutality and the questioning of presidential votes cast by millions of Black Americans.

These events represent only a minuscule portion of the systemic adversities and atrocities Black Americans have faced for centuries, including the current threats from white supremacists. And yet throughout all the years of pain and hardship, the Black community has made contributions of incalculable value to all areas of American life. During Black History Month, we celebrate these achievements, bear witness to the pain and recognize EDFs own past and future responsibilities.

While we can point to notable examples where we have sought to address the disproportionate environmental burden borne by communities of color, we have not been consistent or intentional in this work. EDFs focus on solving environmental issues at the global, national and regional levels has led us to overlook local environmental problems and neglect Black community concerns. As a result, our policy stances have sometimes been at odds with local communities needs and priorities.

For these reasons, EDF is critically examining our role. We acknowledge the need to stop, listen and learn. Were meeting with leaders of Black community groups and the environmental justice movement to strengthen relationships; compare policy agendas to identify potential synergies and conflicts; broaden access to grant-makers; and commit EDF as an ally so that the communities most affected by pollution can secure clean air, clean water and freedom from exposure to toxic substances. We are also looking inward to examine how our structure, strategy and culture can better reflect these communities.

EDFs leaders have been constantly encouraged by younger colleagues, especially our younger colleagues of color, that now is the time to act. They are the bridge from EDFs past to our future, and I thank them for their courageous contributions as we work to identify the ways our organization needs to change.

We recognize that growing into a diverse, inclusive and equitable international environmental organization will require honest introspection and a significant shift in our practices and priorities. We must authentically engage the perspectives, skills and ideas of our international workforce, board and membership, as well as build lasting relationships with diverse constituencies.

We must also support leaders of color. For the first time in our nations history, the federal environmental agenda will be shaped by two Black Americans, EPA Administrator nominee Michael Regan and Council of Environmental Quality Chair nominee Brenda Mallory. I have had the privilege of working closely with both of these individuals and know how fortunate we allare to have them taking on these leadership roles.

The efforts underway at Environmental Defense Fund will take time, but we feel the urgency needed to meet the moment and drive the change required to make EDF and the environmental community more equitable and just. Everyone at EDF must join our colleagues in building a bridge to the future. I for one am all in.

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Cameroon: Community-based care is a lifeline for people affected by violence – Doctors Without Borders

Posted: at 7:58 am

UPDATE:MSF nurse shot in attack on ambulance in South-West region

On Thursday morning, February 4, armed men shot at a Doctors Without Borders/Mdecins Sans Frontires (MSF) ambulance that was responding to a call in Muyuka, in the South-West region of Cameroon. An MSF nurse was injured in the attack and is now receiving medical care. The vehicle was clearly identified as an MSF ambulance. MSF condemns this attack and reiterates that ambulances, health care facilities, health staff,and civilians are not targets.

A second ambulance was later dispatched to respond to the initial call for emergency medical aid in Muyuka. That patient is now in critical condition.

MSF medical teams have been responding to the severe and ongoing effects of the crisis in North-West and South-West Cameroon since 2018. Our teams provide neutral and impartial medical humanitarian assistance through our emergency ambulance referrals, secondary level care, and a decentralized model of community-based health care.

For four years, Cameroon'sNorth-West and South-West regions have been convulsed by armed violence between government forces and non-state armed groups, which has displaced more than 700,000 people. The humanitarian needs are enormous and displaced communities face difficulties accessing basic services, including health care.

The crisis has severely affected the public health system and many health centers have closed or are unable to function. Both medical workers and facilities are directly targeted by violence, and insecurity is disrupting the supply of drugs and medical equipment.

Traveling from remote villages to health facilities is a major challenge for many people, due to insecurity, bad road conditions, and lack of transport. MSF offers a free, 24-hour ambulance service that operates seven days a week, collects eligible patients at designated pick-up points and takes them to MSF-supported health centers and hospitals. If MSF cannot reach an area, we provide money for public transport so that patients can reach health structures or make their way to pick-up-points.

Our community volunteers are sometimes harassed by armed men, says Paulo Milanesio, MSF emergency coordinator for the South-West region.We are in constant dialogue with different stakeholders to guarantee their safety. We need everyone to understand that community volunteers and ambulances provide a much-needed lifeline for vulnerable communities who would otherwise be deprived of medical care.

Due to the high level of insecurity, humanitarian organizations, including MSF, face many obstacles in order to reach displaced communities who often hide in the bush for safety. To continue providing medical aid in these challenging conditions, MSF has adapted the way we work. The model of care is focused on delivering care directly to the community, by the community.

Around a dozen adults and children are waiting patiently for their check-ups on the veranda of a house in a village in the South-West region of Cameroon. Sitting behind a small table, Etienne Esua listens to patients, dresses wounds, and pricks fingers to perform rapid malaria tests.

When a test shows that a person has malaria but the symptoms are not severe, I treat the patients with drugs, says Esua, a community volunteer trained by MSF to provide primary health care to some of the region'smost vulnerable and hard-to-reach communities.

MSF relies on volunteers like Esua. Community health volunteers are the bridge between the health facilities that we support and the vulnerable communities that don'thave access to health centers, says Yilma Werkagegnehu, MSF field coordinator. Either because they are displaced, because health structures are closed, or because they can'tafford to pay for medical services.

MSF currently works with 106 community volunteers in several health districts near the towns of Mamfe and Kumba in the South-West region. MSF conducted similar activities in the North-West until they were put on hold in December 2020 following a decision from the authorities to suspend MSFs activities there until further notice.

Community health volunteers are recommended and selected by community leaders and trained by MSF to detect and treat simple diseases like uncomplicated cases of malaria, respiratory tract infections, malnutrition, and diarrhea. They also learn how to carry out health promotion activities aimed at preventing illness and advising people on how to recognize signs of sexual abuse and psychological distress. While they might not be medical professionals, community volunteers are trained to adhere to medical ethics and MSFs principlesto treat those in need, regardless of their background.

In 2020, community volunteers provided more than 150,000 free medical consultations in the South-West and North-West regions of Cameroon.

The community health volunteers are paid incentives for their work and receive backpacks filled with medicines. They meet regularly with MSF supervisors to discuss their work, get advice, and share medical data. Their medical aid backpacks are refilled before they return to visit remote communities, often walking for several hours a day.

For serious cases, community volunteers can refer patients to MSF-supported health facilities where they receive free treatment. Examples include children with severe malaria, women with complicated pregnancies, survivors of sexual violence, and patients with intentional injuries.

Seven-year-old Dorcas was referred to the MSF-supported Presbyterian General Hospital in Kumba, in the South-West region for extra care. Her left leg is in a cast.

[Dorcas] was injured in a traffic accident and was referred to the hospital by one of our community volunteers, says Dr. Guisilla Dedino. She was assessed in the emergency room and was diagnosed as having an open fracture of the left leg. A surgeon operated on her. She is making progress, with the fracture showing good signs of healing.

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Cameroon: Community-based care is a lifeline for people affected by violence - Doctors Without Borders

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Healthcare in the community, by the community in Cameroon – Africanews English

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Around a dozen adults and children are waiting patiently for their check-ups. Sitting behind a small table, Etienne Esua listens to the patients, dresses wounds and pricks fingers to perform rapidmalariatests.

When a test shows that a person has malaria, but the symptoms are not severe, I treat the patients with drugs, Mr Esua says.

The consultations are taking place on the veranda of an ordinary house in a village in the South-West region ofCameroon. Mr Esua is not a medical professional, but a community volunteer trained by Mdecins Sans Frontires (MSF) to provide basic healthcare to some of the regions most vulnerable and hard-to-reach communities.

Violence displaces people which hinders access to healthcare

For the past four years, Cameroons North-West and South-West regions have been rocked by armed violence between government forces and non-state armed groups, which has displaced more than 700,000 people. The humanitarian needs are huge.

Displaced communities face difficulties accessing basic services, including healthcare. The crisis has severely affected the public health system. Many health centres have closed or are not functional; medical workers and facilities are being directly targeted by violence; and insecurity is hindering the supply of drugs and medical equipment.

Given this high level of insecurity, humanitarian organisations like MSF face serious problems to reach displaced communities, who often hide in the bush for their safety.

Healthcare in the community, by the community

To provide medical aid in such challenging conditions, MSF has set up a decentralised model of care in the South-West and North-West regions, which is delivered directly in the community, by the community. It relies on volunteers like Mr Esua.

Community health volunteers are the bridge between the health facilities that we support and the vulnerable communities that dont have access to health centres, says Yilma Werkagegnehu, MSF field coordinator. Communities dont have access either because they are displaced, because health structures are closed or because they cant afford to pay for medical services.

MSF currently works with 106 community volunteers in several health districts near the towns of Mamfe and Kumba in the South-West region. Similar activities were conducted in the North-West until December 2020, but have been put on hold following a decision from the authorities to suspend MSF activities in the region until further notice.

People from communities trained to treat those in need

Community health volunteers have been recommended and selected by community leaders and are trained by MSF to detect and treat simple diseases like uncomplicated cases of malaria and respiratory tract infections, malnutrition and diarrhoea. They also learn how to carry out health promotion activities to prevent people from getting sick and how to look out for signs of sexual abuse and psychological distress. While they might not be medical professionals, these volunteers are still trained to adhere to medical ethics, and to treat those in need, regardless of background.

In 2020, community volunteers provided more than 150,000 free medical consultations in the South-West and North-West region.

The community health volunteers are paid incentives for their work and receive backpacks filled with medicines. They meet regularly with MSF supervisors to discuss their work, get advice and share medical data. Their backpacks are refilled before they return to visit remote communities, often walking for several hours a day.

Being able to refer patients to MSF facilities

If a treatment is beyond their capacity, community volunteers can refer patients to MSF-supported health facilities where they receive free treatment if they meet certain criteria, such as children with severe malaria, women with complicated pregnancies, victims of sexual violence or patients with intentional injuries.

One of the referred patients is a seven-year-old girl named Dorcas. She is sitting on a bench next to her mother outside the MSF-supported Presbyterian General Hospital in Kumba, South-West region. Her left leg is in a cast.

The girl was injured in a traffic accident and was referred to the hospital by one of our community volunteers, says Dr Guisilla Dedino. She was assessed in the emergency room and was diagnosed as having an open fracture of the left leg. An MSF surgeon operated on her; she is making progress, with the fracture showing good signs of healing.

Challenges of healthcare in a conflict context

Travelling from remote villages to health facilities is a major challenge for many people, due to insecurity, bad road conditions and lack of transport. MSF offers a free, 24-hour ambulance service that operates seven days a week, collects eligible patients at designated pick-up points and takes them to MSF-supported health centres and hospitals.

Where we cannot go, MSF provides money for public transport so that patients can reach health structures or pick-up-points. Managing a decentralised model of care and ambulance service is not easy in an insecure environment such as South-West Cameroon.

Our community volunteers are sometimes harassed by armed men, says Paulo Milanesio, MSF emergency coordinator for the South-West region. We are in constant dialogue with different stakeholders to guarantee their safety.

We need everyone to understand that community volunteers and ambulances provide a much-needed lifeline for vulnerable communities who would otherwise be deprived of medical care, Milanesio says.

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Healthcare in the community, by the community in Cameroon - Africanews English

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