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Monthly Archives: August 2017
Carbondale-made bags to be used for research aboard International Space Station – The Southern
Posted: August 25, 2017 at 3:43 am
CARBONDALE Products manufactured in Carbondale arrived at the International Space Station last week.
Com-Pac International, Inc., which manufactures flexible packaging products for the medical and laboratory specimen-handling industries, was notified by NASA earlier this month that scientists will be using the companys BITRAN leak-proof specimen bags for a research project aboard the ISS.
The products were included on SpaceXs 12th cargo resupply mission, which launched Aug. 14 from the Kennedy Space Center in Florida. The cargo ship docked at the ISS on Aug. 16.
Its a very exciting thing that something as local as our small town of Carbondale is going to be on the Space Station, said Com-Pac Business Development Manager Diana Isaacs.
The research project involves the study of a protein linked to Parkinsons disease. On Earth, gravity keeps the protein, known as LRRK2, too small for effective study. Using automated biotechnology devices, scientists will grow larger versions of the protein in the micro-gravity environment of space, according to an overview of the project on NASAs website.
The proteins will be returned to Earth for analysis to aid in the development of therapies to combat Parkinsons disease.
We are certainly very pleased that NASA has chosen to utilize our products aboard the ISS, but are additionally pleased that the products we make right here in Carbondale could contribute to finding a cure for Parkinsons disease, said Com-Pac President Greg Sprehe in a news release.
According to the release, Com-Pacs bags were chosen because they can remain leak-proof even after multiple openings and closings during freezing and thawing cycles.
This bag is made out of a special resin, plastic, its called EVOH, and it has a very low oxygen transmission rate, which is the rate oxygen can transfer through the plastic itself, Isaacs said.
Com-Pac, located in Carbondales industrial park, has worked with NASA for several years; the agency has utilized several of the companys specimen-style bags in the past, Isaacs said.
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Elon Musk reveals first official photo of SpaceX space suit – The Verge – The Verge
Posted: at 3:43 am
Elon Musk has posted the official first photo of his SpaceX space suit on Instagram, teasing that more details will come in a few days. Musk says the suit actually works, and was tested to double vacuum pressure. The suit itself is very white and very spacey, and Musk acknowledges that it was incredibly hard to balance the suits look and its function.
Musk didnt specify, but the SpaceX suits are meant to be worn by astronauts when riding inside the companys Dragon Capsule. Theyre pressure suits, so theyre not meant for spacewalks, but are worn by astronauts during transport in case the capsule depressurizes. The suits will be worn by NASA astronauts for the commercial crew program when SpaceX starts launching people to and from the International Space Station. In January, Boeing revealed its own spacesuit design that astronauts will wear on route to the ISS.
The reveal today is similar to photos of a SpaceX suit that surfaced years ago on reddit. The design is very elegant and feels right at home in a sci-fi flick, while simultaneously paying homage to the old school suits NASA astronauts wore to the Moon. We compiled a list of science fiction spacesuits from worst to best, though in my opinion, this real SpaceX suit tops the list of best.
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Watch the space station cross the sun during the eclipse – fox2now.com
Posted: at 3:43 am
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Along with the moon and some sunspots, the International Space Station made a cameo in front of the sun. If you look very closely, you can see it.
This composite image, made from seven frames, shows the International Space Station, with a crew of six onboard, as it transits the Sun at roughly five miles per second during a partial solar eclipse, Monday, Aug. 21, 2017 near Banner, Wyoming.
If you weren't able to see one of the most anticipated and unifying events this country has witnessed in nearly a hundred years, don't worry. You won't have to wait an entire century until the next one -- just seven years. Another total solar eclipse will be visible in the United States onApril 8, 2024.
Traveling a different path from the 2017 eclipse, the total eclipse will be visible in Mexico, the central US and east Canada, with a partial eclipse visible across North and Central America.
Although Monday's eclipse was peaking over two minutes in the path of totality, the 2024 eclipse will have peaks of 4 minutes. In the United States, it will be visible in a diagonal path crossing from Texas to Maine, according to NASA.
Cities like Austin, Texas; Dallas; Little Rock, Arkansas; Indianapolis; Toledo, Cleveland and Akron, Ohio; Buffalo and Rochester, New York; Montpelier, Vermont; and Montreal will be directly in the path of totality.
Given the planning by many in preparation for the 2017 eclipse, you might want to start making your hotel and travel arrangements now. And stock up on eclipse glasses once they become widely available again.
If you're eclipse chaser who doesn't mind globetrotting, you can also catch these total solar eclipses around the world in the coming years:
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Could Astronauts Harvest Nutrients From Their Waste? – Smithsonian
Posted: at 3:42 am
Astronauts traveling to Mars may be able to pack a little lighter with microbes that could make nutrients and the building blocks of plastic.
smithsonian.com August 24, 2017 12:53PM
There's no doubt that the journey to Mars will be a feat of both engineering and logistics. But a few basic human waste products could actually help in the venture, providingnot onlyvital nutrients, but also materials that could be used to make tools.
In a presentationgiven this week at the American Chemical Society's National Meeting and Exposition, a scientist from Clemson University explained how genetically engineered yeast could feed on the astronaut's urine and carbon dioxide to produce valuable byproducts like omega-3 fatty acids and compounds commonly found in plastics, reports Andrew deGrandpre for the Washington Post.
"If astronauts are going to make journeys that span several years, well need to find a way to reuse and recycle everything they bring with them, biomolecular engineer Mark Blenner saidin a statement before his presentation. Atom economy will become really important.
This is an urgent problem. NASA is hoping to start human settlementson Mars in the next 20 years, and private space companies are pushing for even fastercolonization. But this will be no easy feat. Mars is just over 30 million miles from Earth, and the people that eventually make the tripmust be protected and nourishedthroughout the journey.
Every supply brought on board adds to the total mass of the craft flung into space. Not to mention each extra tool takes up space in what will likely already be a cramped environment. But without adequate provisions and tools, astronauts on boardthe Mars-bound craft would be doomed before they even left Earth.
To help get around this problem, NASA has been funding Blenner since 2015 to scrutinize a strain of yeast called Yarrowia lipolytica, reports Catherine Caruso for STAT. Blenner has used the yeast strain, a close relative of baker's yeast available in grocery stores, as a template that he then modifieswith genes from algae and phytoplankton. These alterations allow the microbes to produce the omega-3 fatty acids necessary for healthy metabolism in humans.
This yeast can also be genetically engineered to produce monomers, the basic building blocks of polymers that could be used by 3D printers to create new tools on the spacecraft or on Mars, reports Becky Ferreira of Motherboard.
But the yeast still need fuel to produce these products. That's where the astronauts, and their waste, comein. The microbes can use thenitrogen in humanurine andcarbon dioxide from their breath to create useful compounds.
This work is still in its very early stages, notes Nicola Davis of the Guardian.Blenner still needsto tweak the yeast so that it produces useful quantities of the nutrients and monomers. There's also the question of whether the microbes could survive in the low-gravity, high-radiation conditions of a trip to Mars.
If it all works out, however, future settlers on the Red Planet might not have to live solely off potatoes.
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Elon Musk shares first photo of SpaceX’s sleek new spacesuit – Florida Today
Posted: at 3:41 am
SpaceX's highly anticipated foray into spacesuits that will be worn by astronauts en route to the International Space Station has finally arrived. Wochit
The first image of SpaceX's new spacesuit, released by CEO Elon Musk on Wednesday, shows the company's foray into the hardware, which will be worn by astronauts traveling to the International Space Station.(Photo: Elon Musk / SpaceX via Instagram)
SpaceX's highly anticipated foray into spacesuits that will be worn by astronauts en route to the International Space Station and possibly beyond has finally arrived.
CEO Elon Musk took to Instagram early Wednesday morning to release the first teaser image of the company's futuristicspacesuits, which appear tofeature a mostly white palette that sharply contrasts with gray segments and accents.
Musk said it was "incredibly hard"to balance function and aesthetics for the hardwarethat will fulfill one of SpaceX's core obligations to NASA's Commercial Crew Program.
"Worth noting that this actually works (not a mockup)," Musk, also CEO of energy company Tesla, said."Already tested to double vacuum pressure."
[NOAA satellite launched from Space Coast captures incredible eclipse video]
[Reminder: NASA sonic boom testing begins near Kennedy Space Center]
More photos and detailsare expected over the next few days.
If timelines hold, SpaceX could launch astronauts on a Falcon 9 rocket from Cape Canaveral as soon as 2018, marking the first time humans have launched from U.S. soil since the final flight of space shuttle Atlantis in July 2011.
SpaceX could also use the spacesuits or at least portions of them for trips around the moon and, eventually, the company's ultimate goal of Mars colonization.
SpaceX was selected by NASA as a commercial crew partner under a $2.6 billion contract and has successfully delivered supplies and science experiments to the station under the separate Commercial Resupply Services program 11 times.
Aerospace giant Boeing, also contracted for the Commercial Crew Program at $4.2 billion, announced its version of a spacesuit earlier this year. Named Starliner, the modern suits feature plenty of blue, sneaker-like boots and Velcro.
Boeing could also launch astronauts to the ISS on an Atlas V rocket from Cape Canaveral as soon as 2018.
Contact Emre Kelly at aekelly@floridatoday.com or 321-242-3715. Follow him on Twitter and Facebook at @EmreKelly.
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The Drive for Perfect Children Gets a Little Scary – Bloomberg
Posted: at 3:41 am
Theres a lot of innovation going on in China these days, but perhaps not all of it is good. Chinese fertility centers are going well beyond American practices, using genetic diagnosis to influence how children conceived through in vitro fertilization will turn out. On one hand, the potential for improving human health is enormous. On the other hand, I am uneasy at the prospect of the power this gives parents. I dont trust people to take so much control over the future of human nature.
Sometimes you hear it argued that the complex nature of genes will prevent major feats of genetic engineering. That may be selling short future advances in Big Data and biomedicine, but even minor changes in genetic diagnosis and selection could have significant effects. Maybe you cant choose to have a child who will be happy, but you might be able to lower the chance of your kid having depression or social anxiety by some small amount. Over the course of generations, that will exert great influence over the nature of the human experience.
QuickTake Gene Editing
One risk, of course, is that parents will opt for some apparently desirable qualities in their children, and then the experiment will backfire, due to unforeseen genetic connections. Maybe well get happier kids, but they will be less creative, or less driven, or they might care less about others. Those are valid concerns, especially in these early days of genetic engineering. But I have a deeper worry, namely that things can go badly even when parents get exactly what they want.
If you could directly alter your kids genetic profile, what would you want? Its hard to know how the social debate would turn out after years of back and forth, but I was dismayed to read one recent research paper by psychologists Rachel M. Latham and Sophie von Stumm. The descriptive title of that work, based on survey evidence, is Mothers want extraversion over conscientiousness or intelligence for their children. Upon reflection, maybe that isnt so surprising, because parents presumably want children who are fun to spend time with.
Would a more extroverted human race be desirable, all things considered? I genuinely dont know, but at the very least I am concerned. The current mix of human personalities and institutions is a delicate balance which, for all of its flaws, has allowed society to survive and progress. Im not looking to make a big roll of the dice on this one.
Its also not difficult to imagine parents wanting children who are relatively well-behaved. The same research paper found that mothers, after extroversion, preferred the trait of agreeableness in their children, again over both intelligence and conscientiousness.
I was struck by a recent Chinese report that some parents are asking for children who are able to drink socially, for business purposes, and thus trying to avoid some genes that make it difficult to process alcohol. Caveat emptor.
Another risk is that parents may be too risk-averse. Especially if a family has only one or two kids, there may be a strong tendency to try to play it safe in terms of personality traits and cognitive abilities. Yet a greater diversity of human types may serve the greater good and perhaps offer intrinsic value too, by making the world an aesthetically richer and more diverse place. Unfortunately, its not hard to imagine a world where many parents opt against prospective children labeled, if only statistically, as too nerdy, too temperamental or too hard-working.
Parents choices, and their eventual public unveiling, may have harmful effects on social norms. What if it becomes known that a high percentage of parents opted for children with paler skin or straighter hair or a greater chance of being heterosexual? That knowledge could boost stigmas and social divisions, even with stringent anti-discrimination legislation. The parental choices could end up being seen as, in essence, the final court of public opinion.
We might expect that the regulators will say no to the most dangerous applications of genetic engineering, but can we be so sure? The techniques will be available in many different countries, and over time the more lax standards will have greater influence, if only through genetic engineering tourism. Parents are also a potent voting bloc, and if they really desire such choices, they may end up getting their way.
In China, these techniques are already about one-third as cheap as in the U.S., interest in them is growing rapidly, and there is talk of having them covered by national health insurance programs.
There is plenty of justified worry about greater discrimination these days, but were hardly talking about the biggest threats.
This column does not necessarily reflect the opinion of the editorial board or Bloomberg LP and its owners.
To contact the author of this story: Tyler Cowen at tcowen2@bloomberg.net
To contact the editor responsible for this story: Stacey Shick at sshick@bloomberg.net
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Forget me not – Triad City Beat
Posted: at 3:41 am
The community room looks like the interior of any well-appointed modern house from Starmount to Summerfield, with ocean-blue walls, mahogany-style tables matched with high-backed chairs, a sleek metallic refrigerator and comfortable couches.
Theres one key difference: The dining room, kitchen, living area and bathroom are collapsed into one large room with no dividers. Located on the third floor of a repurposed textile building across the street from Revolution Mill, the community room at the Center for Outreach in Alzheimers, Age and Community Health, or COAACH, functions as a classroom for families learning how to take care of a loved one developing Alzheimers disease or dementia.
The team wanted it to look like a home, said Donna Bradby, a publicist at NC A&T University, so you could cook a healthy meal, sit your loved one down at the table and then do things like transferring them to the bathroom and helping them brush their teeth.
Bradby gestured toward the full-length mirror at the end of the room.
My aunt, Annie Ruth Ingram, had Alzheimers, Bradby said. We stood in front of that mirror. She said, Who is that lady? I said, Oh, Aunt Annie Ruth. Thats you!
Annie Ruths husband, Charlie, passed away before she did, and its not uncommon for spouses to precede loved ones with Alzheimers in death. Caring for someone suffering from the disease, which progressively robs people of memory, cognition, muscle movement and personality, can take a heavy toll. Caregivers experience high levels of stress and cope with depression, often neglecting their own health and missing doctors appointments.
Those who take care of people with Alzheimers and other forms of dementia are twice as likely to report substantial emotional, financial and physical difficulties as other caregivers, according to the Alzheimers Association. Two thirds are women, and 34 percent are age 65 or older. A quarter of caregivers are considered a sandwich generation, meaning that theyre also taking care of a child under the age of 18.
Research has shown that Alzheimers is twice as likely to affect African Americans (and 1.5 times more likely to affect Hispanics) than non-Hispanic whites, but until about 10 years ago there was little research into why the disease strikes African Americans with such ferocity.
The answer is gradually coming into focus, thanks in part to the research of Dr. Goldie Byrd, the founding director of COAACH, which opened in 2014. A recent article by journalist and novelist Marita Golden in the Washington Post described the Greensboro center as a kind of ground zero for innovative, cross-disciplinary and community-based responses to the disease.
A complex interplay of environmental and genetic factors accounts for why Alzheimers inflicts a disparate toll on African Americans. An understanding of the interplay can help people make lifestyle choices that reduce the risk of the diseases onset, and researchers hope that understanding genetic factors will lead to the development of drugs to treat it. Alzheimers medications currently only address symptoms, without preventing, curing or slowing the disease.
On the environmental side of the equation, a series of studies presented at the 2017 Alzheimers Association International Conference in London in July added to a growing body of evidence that racial inequities increase the risk of Alzheimers and other dementias. Researchers at the University of Wisconsin found that African Americans were 60 percent more likely than whites to experience a stressful life event such as losing a job, the death of a child, combat, or growing up with a parent who abused drugs, which correlated with deterioration in cognition later in life. Other studies presented at the conference found that people born in states with high infant mortality rates a proxy for harsh early-life conditions and neighborhoods disadvantaged by poverty, poor housing and limited educational and employment opportunities were more likely to experience poorer cognitive function and dementia late in life.
Despite the diseases disparate impact, the science of how Alzheimers affects African Americans was woefully behind as recently as 15 years ago. Byrd joined the faculty at NC A&T as chair of the biology department in 2003, and that year she completed a sabbatical at the Duke Center for Human Genetics, where she helped initiate a study on Alzheimers. At the time, the university had 7,000 blood samples, but less than 50 were drawn from African-American volunteers.
We wanted to increase our knowledge about Alzheimers, particularly underrepresented groups like African Americans and Hispanics, Byrd said. These groups had a disproportionate burden, but there was so little in the literature about Alzheimers in these groups, particularly Alzheimers relationship to genetics.
As Byrd continued her research at her new post at A&T, the first challenge was to figure out how to overcome reluctance among African Americans to participating in studies.
We began by going into the community and asking different stakeholders lay people, the faith-based communities; we went to health fairs and barbershops and we asked people if they would participate in a study, Byrd recalled. What would the barriers be? What would the motivations be?
Distrust among African Americans due to the legacy of atrocities like the Tuskegee experiment a project launched by the US Public Health Service in 1932 in which researchers studied black men with syphilis without their informed consent and without treating them for the disease was an obvious hurdle. And while there are continuing reasons for African Americans and other underrepresented groups to distrust the medical establishment, Byrd emphasized that ethical research coupled with culturally calibrated outreach can overcome barriers.
People struggle with lack of access and the indifference when theyre treated even in 2017, Byrd said. They notice when they go to the doctor and they dont see people who look like them in 2017. There are recent studies that show that people of color dont get the same level of care.
African Americans will participate in studies, she added. Stereotypically, people think African Americans wont participate because of these atrocities. There are very good reasons for there to be hesitation and concern. We have to take the time to communicate with them to make sure they feel comfortable. We cant assume people who are mistreated are going to be at the front of the line unless we as researchers assure them that theyre safe, that were going to handle them and their specimens in an honest and respectful way, and we reassure them they can stop at any time.
The family-support component that became a core pillar of the COAACH center emerged as natural extension of Dr. Byrds understanding that she needed to design a study that would earn the trust of African-American volunteers.
The person I was working with we agreed we would create an environment that specifically targeted African Americans and engaged them directly in what the study was, that would create learning opportunities for this community, that would keep them engaged and keep them in the loop around whats happening with the research, Byrd said.
Although COAACH opened in response to a need to engage African Americans in Alzheimers research, Byrd and other staff members emphasize that the programs at the center are open to people of all races.
We created our COAACH center to assure not only African Americans but people of all races that we were there, and we werent going to get them into the study and leave, Byrd said. If people needed information about diabetes, which is linked to Alzheimers, they could call. If a church was having a health fair, they could call. We created a support group that people can attend; they dont have to be African American. They can attend Lunch & Learn.
Through Dr. Byrds efforts, the bank of data on African Americans with Alzheimers has dramatically expanded. As part of the Alzheimers Disease Genetics Consortium, which includes several other institutions, Byrd was part of a study that dramatically expanded the number of DNA specimens under review. In 2013, the consortium discovered that a variation in the ABCA7 gene that had previously been linked to Alzheimers was found to have a stronger link in African Americans than non-Hispanic whites.
Finding a gene link like ABCA7 gives researchers clues about what causes Alzheimers because variants might cause it to dysfunction and affect different populations in different ways.
In the hope of learning more about how genetics factors into the disease, COAACH is recruiting families with more than one member who has Alzheimers for an ongoing study. The center has collected samples from people in North Carolina, along with Virginia and New York.
There may be other genes like ABCA7 that are associated with the disease, Byrd said. There may be [treatments] that are specific to one population and not to another. Thats important because if we only did research in one population everything ends up being generalized. Our hope is there will be therapies and interventions that are specific to populations and not generalized. The advantage of doing studies is that well be much more inclusive and everyone will benefit.
There are many studies and clinical trials going on right now, she continued. We dont have any cure right now. We dont have anything to slow the disease. There are drugs that can assist with the symptoms. We are very hopeful that the pharmaceutical companies working with research institutions will come up a drug that can halt or slow the disease.
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Have Natalee Holloway’s Remains Finally Been Found? DNA Results Promising, Says Report – Hollywood Life
Posted: at 3:40 am
After twelve years, have we finally found out what happened to Natalee Holloway? Early DNA tests on the human remains discovered in Aruba indicate they might belong to the missing teenager!
Its been more than a decade since Natalee Holloway went missing in Aruba, as the Alabama native vanished on May 30, 2005. Now, 12 years later, her family might finally have some closure. Human remains discovered at a burial site in Aruba reportedly belong to a young woman of eastern European descent, according to DailyMail. Early DNA tests on these bones seem to match the remains to Natalee, as her family is of eastern European heritage. Further DNA testing is needed to confirm these initial findings, but it appears that this discovery is the breakthrough the Holloways have been hoping for.
The full DNA testing results which will determine if the bone fragments belong the missing 18-year-old girl are expected within two weeks, a source close to the case tells DailyMail. The nature of these remains means further testing is required before anything can be confirmed, the source added. The discovery is part of The Disappearance of Natalee Holloway, a docuseries featuring her father, Dave Holloway, and private investigator TJ Ward searching for answers. Natalees mother, Beth Holloway, has also assisted in the search, as she reportedly provided a saliva sample to help out in the remains DNA testing.
Experts are reportedly conducting a mitochondrial DNA test (mtDNA test) on the remains at a reputable, undisclosed lab in the US, the source tells DailyMail. These tests race a persons matrilineal or mother-sideancestry using DNA. This DNA is unchanged when passed down by the mother to all her children. If the mtDNA inside the fragments match the mtDNA in Beths saliva, itll be conclusive evidence that these remains belong to Natalee.
Natalees father made the announcement that he and TJ had discovered the remains after an 18-month undercover investigation on the Aug. 16 episode of the Today show. An individual who had personal knowledge from Joran van der Sloot, 30, the prime suspect in Natalees disappearance, led them to the remains. However, the Aruban authorities are calling Daves claim into question. During an investigation by police in an area indicated by Mr. Holloway, we found remains, but they were found to be from animals, Aruba Public Prosecutor Dorean Kardol told the Huffington Post.
Plus, the FBI says they dont have records of human remains being brought into the U.S. from Aruba in connection with the Holloway case. On top of that, if these remains did belong to Natalee, they would be useless when coming to prosecuting the killer. Tampering with the evidence aka removing them for testing violates the chain of custody. If we wanted to take the case to court, Dorean Kardol said, we would be in trouble because we could not use that evidence.
What do you think, HollywoodLifers? Do you think they might have found Natalees remains?
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Have Natalee Holloway's Remains Finally Been Found? DNA Results Promising, Says Report - Hollywood Life
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Researchers encoded a film clip in DNA and store it inside a living … – Boing Boing
Posted: at 3:40 am
In an astonishing step forward in biomolecular computing, Harvard researchers encoded a 19th century film clip in DNA and stored it inside living bacteria. Later, they sequenced the bacterium's genome and decoded the film. From IEEE Spectrum:
To get a movie into E. colis DNA, (neuroscientist Seth) Shipman and his colleagues had to disguise it. They converted the movies pixels into DNAs four-letter codemolecules represented by the letters A,T,G and Cand synthesized that DNA. But instead of generating one long strand of code, they arranged it, along with other genetic elements, into short segments that looked like fragments of viral DNA.
E. coli is naturally programmed by its own DNA to grab errant pieces of viral DNA and store them in its own genomea way of keeping a chronological record of invaders. So when the researchers introduced the pieces of movie-turned-synthetic DNAdisguised as viral DNAE. colis molecular machinery grabbed them and filed them away.
The Gartner Hype Cycle places emerging technologies on a rising-falling-rising curve.
Tony Fadell is best known one of the fathers of the iPod at Apple, and as the former CEO of Nest. Weve agreed to forget that he led the Google Glass division for a while, too. Today, news broke that the serial inventor and investor is now working with companies including Samsung Electronics and Foxconns []
The Wall Street Journal is reporting that millennials have learned how to get free TV with a simple antenna, for a one-time cost of about $20. Us old-schoolers have known of this ancient wisdom since, well, forever but have neglected to pass down to the younguns. But the crazy thing is that its not just []
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New DNA evidence links Warren Forrest to 2 killings – The Columbian
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Clark County detectives say that new DNA evidence helps link suspected serial killer Warren Forrest to two more victims, a huge break in some of the agencys oldest unsolved murders.
Blood on a weapon used as evidence in a 1974 case against Forrest was recently determined to belong to a different victim: Martha Morrison, a 17-year-old Portland girl whose body was found in rural Dole Valley more than 40 years ago.
Morrisons body was found 120 feet from that of Carol Valenzuela, 18. Based on the proximity in time of the killings and location of the bodies, Hoss said that Forrest can also be linked to Valenzuelas death.
Up until now, nothing was physically linking him to either of those disappearances, or those bodies, Clark County Sheriffs Office Sgt. Duncan Hoss said. Its a big deal.
Forrest, 68, of Battle Ground is suspected of having at least six victims, but hes only been convicted of one murder. He is serving a life sentence at the Washington Department of Corrections Monroe Correctional Complex for the 1974 murder of 19-year-old Krista Blake of Vancouver.
Periodically, he goes before a sentencing review board, where his release is considered. The new evidence could seal his fate and keep him behind bars for the rest of his life.
Blake went missing on July 11, 1974, when she was last seen getting into a blue Ford van, but her remains werent found until two years later.
During those two years, Forrest went to trial for a similar crime, one that had a different outcome.
On Oct. 1, 1974, a 20-year-old Camas woman got into a van driven by Forrest, where she was threatened with a knife and bound with tape.
Forrest drove her to Lacamas Lake Park, where he raped her, shot her with an air pistol, choked her and stabbed her five times in the chest. The woman survived the attack and made her way to a public road for help.
She later identified Forrest as the man responsible and he was arrested on rape, assault and robbery charges.
In that case, Forrest was acquitted of the charges by reason of insanity, meaning the crimes were committed when Forrest was insane, and he was committed to Western State Hospital.
In 1976, Blakes body was found and Forrest was tied to her death. After a trial, he was convicted of murder and sentenced to life in prison in 1979.
For decades, detectives suspected that Forrest was tied to homicides and disappearances of several other young women in the early 70s.
Investigators believe that Forrest is responsible for at least six other deaths and that Jamie Grisim, who disappeared in 1971 on her way home from school at 16, was his first victim.
Forrests name also comes up in connection with Barbara Ann Derry, whose body was found in 1972 and Gloria Knutson, who went missing in 1974.
Also in 1974, hunters found skeletal remains of two women in shallow graves in the Dole Valley area. One was identified as Carol Valenzuela, and the other remained unidentified for 40 years, then in 2015 was identified as Morrison.
In June 2014, the Clark County Sheriffs Office had more than a dozen open homicide investigations that dated to 1962. Major crimes detectives are often busy with the deluge of incoming cases, so then-Sheriff Garry Lucas formed a cold case unit of volunteer investigators to breathe new life into the stale investigations.
Among those volunteers was former prosecutor Denny Hunter who prosecuted the murder cases against Forrest.
When he and the other investigators sat down to asses the cases, Hunter remembered the bloodied air pistol Forrest used in the rape and assault case.
Everyone assumed the blood stain on the air pistol belonged to the original victim, Hoss said. One of the cold case detectives, instead of assuming, actually verified.
So the pistol, which had been in a secure holding area for 40-plus years, was sent to the state crime lab.
The results came back to a profile for a female Caucasian, but that profile didnt match any known DNA samples.
A year later, investigators got a break that would help them find their answer.
Nikki Costa, operations manager for the County Medical Examiners Office, took it upon herself to identify the unidentified remains found near those of Carol Valenzuela. It took her eight years, but in 2015, she was able to determine that the remains belonged to Martha Morrison.
Since then, the crime lab has connected the puzzle pieces and identified the blood found on Forrests gun as belonging to Morrison.
In this maze of events, establishing a DNA profile and identifying Martha, we turned a major corner in this case, Costa said.
The breakthrough has implications for not one, but two unsolved homicides.
Hoss said that since Morrisons body was found in such close proximity to that of Valenzuela, investigators can tie Forrest to her death too.
Detectives are still working on ironing out the details, though.
They hope to have a statement of probable cause, which outlines support for an arrest, to prosecutors in the next few weeks.
If prosecutors decide there is enough evidence for a charge, Hoss said that theyll apply for an arrest warrant and have Forrest transported to the Clark County Jail to face the charges.
Hoss said that when the cold case unit first formed, there werent high expectations for results. But the volunteer investigator worked doggedly to reinvestigate these cases, and the break, he said, is a nice payoff.
They have put all this time, energy and effort into it, and were hoping its going to finally result in a conviction and mean closure for the families, Hoss said.
We want to hold Warren accountable.
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New DNA evidence links Warren Forrest to 2 killings - The Columbian
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