Monthly Archives: July 2017

NRA-ILA | Supreme Court Asked to Review Maryland’s Gun Ban – NRA ILA

Posted: July 22, 2017 at 7:53 am

Fairfax, Va. A group of Maryland citizens, with the support of the National Rifle Association, filed a petition to the United States Supreme Court on Friday seeking to reverse aCourt of Appealsrulingthat stripped some of Americas most popular rifles of Second Amendment protection.The 4thCircuit ruling in the case Kolbe v. Hogan is a direct contradiction of the Supreme Courts 2008 decision, District of Columbia v. Heller, which re-affirmed American citizens right to self-defense.

Lower courts have been making up their own rules when it comes to the Second Amendment for too long, andtheKolbe decisioncrossed yet another line, said Chris W. Cox, executive director, National Rifle Association Institute for Legislative Action. The Second Amendment guarantees an individual right to keep and bear arms for self-defense. The popular rifles and standard magazines banned in Maryland are some of the best tools for self-defense. We are hopeful that the Supreme Court will reverse this egregious decision.

InFebruary, the4thCircuit Court of Appeals ruled the Second Amendment does not protect the most popular rifles in the country including AR-15s as well as all standard capacity detachable magazines that hold more than 10 rounds.

The petition asks the Supreme Court to confirm that its ruling inDistrict of Columbia v. Hellerprotects the most popular semiautomatic rifles and magazines.

By holding that the Second Amendment does not apply to common firearms and magazines, the4thCircuit has gone further than any other courtinattackingSecond Amendment freedoms.

Marylands ban on commonly owned rifles and magazines is unconstitutional.The National Rifle Association will continue to fight for all Americans Second Amendment rights.

Established in 1871, the National Rifle Association is America's oldest civil rights and sportsmen's group. More than five million members strong, NRA continues to uphold the Second Amendment and advocates enforcement of existing laws against violent offenders to reduce crime. The Association remains the nation's leader in firearm education and training for law-abiding gun owners, law enforcement and the armed services. Be sure to follow the NRA on Facebook at NRA on Facebook and Twitter @NRA.

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David Ball: Questions Neal’s belief in First Amendment – GazetteNET

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Questions Neals belief in First Amendment

I was shocked to learn that Richard Neal and many other congressmen think we should take away the First Amendment rights of people who express their support of a boycott of Israel.

I am Jewish, and committed to Israels long-term survival. I think the thuggish actions and racist comments of Benjamin Netanyahus far-right Israeli government represent a long-term threat to that survival. Along with the constant theft of Palestinian land (land the whole world, including Israel, recognizes as Palestinian), these actions arouse deep-seated hatred which can only lead to destructive war. At the end, it will likely lead to the destruction of Israel.

So I think anyone in this country who backs the extremist Netanyahu is really backing the long-term destruction of the Jewish state, and certainly the destruction of Israeli democracy.

But if anyone came up with a law to deprive Netanyahu-backers of the right to express their views, I would oppose it to my last breath. Does Congressman Neal believe in the First Amendment, which guarantees free speech? He should be ashamed of himself.

David Ball

Northampton

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First Amendment suit halts anti-‘Pokmon Go’ law – Engadget

Posted: at 7:53 am

But Candy Lab, maker of the AR game Texas Rope 'Em, sued the county and claimed that the ordinance was a First Amendment violation. They also asked the courts for an injunction of the rule before the lawsuit goes to trial next April, which a district judge granted on Thursday. In the ruling, the judge said, "Greater injury will be inflicted upon [Candy Labs] by the denial of injunctive relief than will be inflicted upon [Milwaukee County] by the granting of such relief."

Milwaukee County has argued that this isn't a First Amendment violation because the game and its makers don't have First Amendment rights. "Texas Rope 'Em is not entitled to First Amendment protection because it does not convey any messages or ideas. Unlike books, movies, music, plays and video games mediums of expression that typically enjoy First Amendment protection Texas Rope 'Em has no plot, no storylines, no characters and no dialogue," said Milwaukee County in its motion to dismiss the case. It also claims that the game isn't protected by the amendment because it constitutes illegal gambling.

The permit Milwaukee County began demanding treats AR gaming like a special event, requiring start and end times, expected numbers of participants, portable restroom supply and fees for things like garbage collection. All of which seem rather ridiculous to ask of a game developer.

In response to the judge's injunction approval, Candy Lab's attorney told Ars Technica, "I think it's a huge win for the medium of augmented reality as a whole. It's a strong affirmation that AR is a medium for creative expression."

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Augmented reality wins big in 1st Amendment legal flap | Ars Technica – Ars Technica

Posted: at 7:53 am

A judge on Thursday declared as unconstitutional a local Wisconsin ordinance mandating that the makers of augmented reality games get special use permits if their mobile apps were to be played in county parks. The lawthe nation's first of its kindwas challenged on First Amendment grounds amid concerns it amounted to a prior restraint of a game maker's speech. What's more, the law was seemingly impossible to comply with.

The federal lawsuit was brought by a Southern California company named Candy Lab. The maker of Texas Rope 'Eman augmented reality game with features like Pokemon Gosued Milwaukee County after it adopted an AR ordinance in February in the wake of the Pokemon Go craze. Because some of its parks were overrun by a deluge of players, the county began requiring AR makers to get a permit before their apps could be used in county parks.

The permitting process also demanded that developers perform the impossible: estimate crowd size, event dates, and the times when mobile gamers would be playing inside county parks. The permits, which cost as much as $1,000, also required that developers describe plans for garbage collection, bathroom use, on-site security, and medical services. Without meeting those requirements, augmented reality publishers would be in violation of the ordinance if they published games that included playtime in Milwaukee County parks.

US District Judge J.P. Stadtmueller issued a preliminary injunction Thursday blocking Milwaukee County from enforcing the law until the outcome of a trial tentatively set for April. "Greater injury will be inflicted upon plaintiff by the denial of injunctive relief than will be inflicted upon defendants by the granting of such relief," the judge ruled. (PDF)

The county did not immediately respond for comment.

In court papers, the county said (PDF) that augmented reality games like Texas Rope 'Em"werenot protected by the First Amendment:

Texas Rope 'Em is not entitled to First Amendment protection because it does not convey any messages or ideas. Unlike books, movies, music, plays and video gamesmediums of expression that typically enjoy First Amendment protectionTexas Rope 'Em has no plot, no storylines, no characters, and no dialogue. All it conveys is a random display of cards and a map. Absent the communicative features that invoke the First Amendment, Candy Lab has no First Amendment claim.

In Texas Rope 'Em, the county added, "The player simply views randomly generated cards and travels to locations to get more. That is not the type of speech that demands First Amendment safeguards."

Brian Wassom, Candy Lab's lawyer, said the judge's decision undercuts the county's argument.

"I think it's a huge win for the medium of augmented reality as a whole," he said in a telephone interview. "It's a strong affirmation that AR is a medium for creative expression."

Niantic, the developer of Pokemon Go, told Ars in a recent interview that it was working with Milwaukee County and other jurisdictions to alter game locations and to accommodate park hours.

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First Amendment: More Americans see less media bias but why? – hays Post

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Gene Policinski

Attention you so-called enemies of the people and alleged purveyors of biased reporting: Theres reason to think fewer people than last year might see you that way, despite the ongoing, politicized attacks from multiple quarters on the news medias credibility.

President Donald Trump hurled that enemies epithet at journalists some time ago, and continues to complain about biased news coverage nearly every time there are news accounts regarding contacts with Russian officials by his administration.

But such criticism comes with varying levels of vitriol from a variety of quarters, and started long before Trump took office. Often, the harshest criticism of the media comes just as much from those who consume news as from those who make it.

This year, however, there are signs that the publics disdain for the media has somewhat abated. The 2017 State of the First Amendment survey, released over the July 4 holiday by the First Amendment Center of the Newseum Institute in partnership with the Fors Marsh Group, found that:

A solid majority of the public about 68 percent still believes in the importance of news media as a watchdog on democracy. Less than half (43.2 percent) said they believe the news media tries to report the news without bias; but this figure is a marked improvement from 2015 (23 percent) and 2016 (24 percent). There are some likely reasons for this shift: A significant amount of TV, online and print journalism has shifted from the softer horse race focus of the 2016 election to this years focus on hard news and complex issues. And with more than a bit of irony as more Americans are inclined only to consume news from sources that line up with their individual perspectives, theres a likely parallel increase in the trust factor in those sources, even if they resemble echo chambers more than truth-tellers. Among those who believe that media tries to report unbiased information, most expressed a preference for news information that aligns with their own views (60.7 percent). Those more critical of media efforts to report news without bias were also less prone to report a preference for news aligned with their own views (49.1 percent).

So, no celebratory back flips in the nations newsrooms, please, especially since the uptick only puts the bias figure roughly back to levels seen in 2013 and 2014 (46 percent and 41 percent, respectively).

Those inclined to support the work of todays journalists hope that the drop in those who perceive media bias generally stems from that combination of dramatically increased visibility of news operations and their reporting on serious news, such as health care reform and investigations of Russian influence in the 2016 election. For my own part, I believe more people saw reporting of real news, not fluffy click-bait features and dramatic but mostly meaningless polling reports, and it earned back some of their lost approval and trust.

Heres an idea for journalists nationwide: Keep trying hard news, accountability reporting on issues that while not necessarily sexy matter the most to people and their communities, such as jobs, health care, education, and local and state government.

For years, news industry moguls and newsroom leaders have sought ways to reverse their dwindling income, which has led to fewer newsrooms resources and less real journalism, and which in turn has prompted additional loss of consumers. Clearly, mushy stories about the travails of celebrities, feel-good stories, and valuing tweets over investigative reporting are not working out that well.

Acting on this realization will mean putting an emphasis on innovation and finding new ways to report on subjects that, in themselves, dont necessarily draw in a new generation of readers. But therein is the opportunity for those who will be the news media success stories of the 21st century. This years survey results show that the opportunity is there, that news consumers are hungry for imaginative reporting on issues that directly impact their lives.

But we can still take comfort in the 20 percent drop in those who presume journalists are incapable of reporting without bias: Attitudes can change, and trust can be regained. Read the full report.

Editors Note: A version of this column appeared earlier on the Newseum Institute website as part of the 2017 State of the First Amendment report.

Gene Policinski is chief operating officer of the Newseum Institute. He can be reached at gpolicinski@newseum.org, or follow him on Twitter at @genefac.

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Don’t Look Now, but Cryptocurrency Ethereum Is Crashing …

Posted: at 7:51 am

When investors think of unstoppable trends, marijuana stocks might rightly come to mind. But in terms of percentage returns, nothing has even come close to cryptocurrency ethereum, which has risen by right around 2,270% for the year, as of July 17, 2017. By comparison, it's taken the S&P 500 roughly 35 years to log a return of about 2,000%.

Ethereum's massive gains, and that of its bigger rival bitcoin, are primarily the result of a weaker dollar and growing media and investor interest in cryptocurrencies.

Image source: Getty Images.

For instance, earlier this year, we witnessed Japan make bitcoin a legal form of tender, as long as it complies with the country's anti-money laundering regulations. This nod of confidence comes with a growing list of retailers and service providers, such as Overstock.comand Microsoft, that in some way accept bitcoin as payment.Even select marijuana dispensaries have turned to cryptocurrencies as a bridge between consumers with debit and credit cards and financial institutions that want nothing to do with the cannabis industry.

Weakness in the U.S. dollar, which recently hit a 10-month low, has also fueled buying in digital currencies. Though a weaker domestic currency helps drum up interest in exports, domestic investors typically dislike dollar declines. A devaluation in the dollar usually means investors will seek out a better store of value, which traditionally has been gold. Gold is a finite resource, and thus its scarcity provides the perception of safety and value to investors. However, mined cryptocurrencies like bitcoin also have a finite limit (21 million coins in bitcoin's case), offering the perception of scarcity and value.

The fact that these currencies aren't backed by the government, and that the public still doesn't understand them very well, has also arguably fueled interest and momentum.

But as the old proverb goes, "What goes up must come down."

Image source: Getty Images.

Following what was a better-than-5,000% run higher in a matter of months at one point, ethereum has seen its value crash in recent weeks. Since touching an all-time high of $407.10 back on June 12, ethereum has given back more than half of its value.As of 7:15 p.m. EDT on July 17, it was going for less than $189 per coin, and it had dipped as low as $130.26 during this past weekend. From peak to trough, we're talking about a 68% loss in value in less than five weeks, or more than $20 billion in market cap erased.

What on earth is going on, you ask? Some of this recent drop could be nothing more than simple profit-taking. Keep in mind that we're talking about an asset that appreciated by around 5,000% at one point this year. Considering how few businesses accept ethereum as payment, investors would have been foolish not to lock in some of their gains. But profit-taking is far from the only reason ethereum has been taken to the woodshed over the past month.

Another issue concerns the uncertain future of bitcoin. On Aug. 1, bitcoin is set to undergo a software update. The issue at hand is that those who are responsible for the upkeep of bitcoin behind the scenes have split into two factions, and are thus planning to adopt two separate and competing software updates. According to Bloomberg, these factions are debating whether bitcoin should evolve as a currency to serve more mainstream applications or remain as a libertarian test to monetary theory.

Though the incentive to reach a consensus and calm investors is obviously high, there remains a very real risk that bitcoin could subsequently split into two separate cryptocurrencies if a consensus is not reached. This instability has carried over to ethereum, which is regarded by some pundits to have a better underlying technology and broader use than bitcoin.

Finally, as CNBC pointed out, start-ups could be behind the recent plunge in ethereum. Sky-high returns have allowed start-ups the opportunity to cash in their ethereum coins for an equivalent amount of U.S. dollars, thus increasing selling pressure on the cryptocurrency.

Image source: Getty Images.

Perhaps the biggest issue yet to be decided with cryptocurrencies like ethereum and bitcoin is whether decentralization is a friend or foe.

In one sense, decentralization is a great thing. Having numerous miners across the globe effectively keeps these cryptocurrencies from succumbing to the will of cyberattacks. If there was a central network behind bitcoin, as an example, it could become an easy target for criminals.

Then again, a lack of centralization on cryptocurrency trading exchanges is arguably bad news. Competing exchanges and a lack of trade centralization are what drive volatility and reduce the uptake of these currencies by businesses.

In short, there's a lot left to be hashed out in the coming weeks for bitcoin and cryptocurrencies in general. While they represent an alluring alternative for consumers who dislike the traditional monetary system, use options are still pretty limited, and translating cryptocurrencies into U.S. dollars often has a lag time that can result in losses for investors and businesses. There are numerous issues that need to be tackled before ethereum, bitcoin, or any cryptocurrency for that matter, really has a shot at thriving over the long run. For the time being, I suggest sticking with a tried-and-true wealth creator like the stock market and keeping cryptocurrencies like ethereum out of your investment portfolio.

Teresa Kersten is an employee of LinkedIn and is a member of The Motley Fool's board of directors. LinkedIn is owned by Microsoft. Sean Williams has no position in any stocks mentioned. The Motley Fool has no position in any of the stocks mentioned. The Motley Fool has a disclosure policy.

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3 reasons cryptocurrency prices are in free fall …

Posted: at 7:51 am

Whether it be Bitcoin or Ethereum, every cryptocurrency has suffered massive losses over the past several days. Prices have dropped to as low as 64 percent, bringing the entire cryptocurrency market cap down to $70 billion from $110 billion.

Above: Cryptocurrency market capitalization. Source: Coinmarketcap.com/charts

Image Credit: coinmarketcap.com

Ethereums price has gone from $400 right down to $151 in about a month, leading investors to panic sell. On the other hand, Bitcoin, which dominates the cryptocurrency market is down about 36 percent from its high (its currently trading around $1,894). Investors are finding it hard to hold onto cryptocurrencies at such a low price especially amateur investors who bought them at a much higher price.

So what is causing the prices to dip so low? Could they go any lower? Could the market rebound from here?

Here are a few possible causes for the recent price tumble:

1. August 1st is looming

The infamous crypto civil war is around the corner. The debate on whether or not to increase the Bitcoin block size has been going on for a few of years now, with disagreement between the miners and nodes.

On August 1st, we could see a split, with part of the Bitcoin network supporting a change in protocol and the other part sticking to the current protocol. The result could be a massive devaluation of Bitcoin. This particular concern is making investors nervous, and some are liquidating their BTC into fiat, which could be the cause for this free fall.

As the Bitcoin price falls further, it will take down most of the major currencies with it. It is safe to say August 1st is not only Bitcoins independence day, but also a big day for all the blockchain based currencies.

2. Post-ICO startups are cashing out

Many blockchain-based companies have managed to raise millions of dollars in ETH through initial coin offerings (ICOs) without even having a product. Nearly $700 million was raised in total last month through ICOs on the Ethereum platform.

Needless to say, most of these so-called startups are not worth the money they have raised. For instance, the BAT ICO raised $25 million in less than a minute, Cosmos raised $16 million, Status raised $95 million, and Bancor raised $153 million. One thing these companies are good at is marketing and writing fancy white papers.

Serious startups may hold onto Ethereum when they receive their funds, but those that are looking to make a quick buck could immediately cash out. This trend could also cause honest companies to liquidate their ETH and hold their funds in fiat (because, well, less volatility).

This could be one reason the Ethereum price is feeling downward pressure. EOS, for instance, which raised $200 million worth of ETH earlier this month, has apparently been offloading its ETH to Bitfinex. EOS is not alone; TenX, which listed Vitalik Buterin as an investor, raised 200,000 ETH ($67 million at the time) in its token sale, has sold nearly 30 percent of that ETH cache already. It is not clear whether TenXs ETH are being sold on open exchanges or directly to individual investors, but they are going off TenXs smart contract address.

From a startups perspective converting ICO funds (ETH) into fiat isnt a bad thing at all, as Jeremy Epstein explained recently on VentureBeat. It helps them stay away from a highly volatile market and focus on their project.

Still, given that many ICO project developers have no incentive whatsoever to deliver on their promises following a big fundraise, we need an ecosystem to regulate these irrational multimillion-dollar seed funding rounds and it needs to be set up quickly. The system must ask for provable business models. The projects must have use cases, users, flowing revenue, and even profits. Also, a working prototype would be nice.

3. Were seeing market manipulation and amateur panicking

The cryptocurrency market is as unregulated as it can get. Things that would result in jail time on the stock market are legal here. In such a scenario, its no surprise that big players are manipulating the markets for their own gain. Its no longer rare for people to run bots to buy and sell cryptocurrencies.

Amateur investors, on the other hand, want to make quick profits. Once the price starts falling, these investors tend to panic sell. The combination of market manipulation and panic selling may be a reason behind the current price fall. One might argue that the market is going through its long term growth correction, but there is a chance it could be in for a deeper fall. The market could swing either way.

Cryptocurrency is here to stay. While most of the current coins might disappear in the years to come, a few of these startups hold the potential to disrupt the entire financial system as we know it.

Some analysts are very bullish on this market and say it is still in the nascent stage with very few investors. Once the cryptocurrency market goes mainstream, the market cap will grow and so will the prices of coins.

Anupam Varshney is cofounder of Bitcoinprice.com and has written extensively on the Bitcoin situation in various countries, including India, South Africa, and Canada He also runs a Bitcoin meetup in Delhi.

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Launch Dates for These New Cryptocurrency ITOs Have Been Announced – Investopedia

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Investopedia
Launch Dates for These New Cryptocurrency ITOs Have Been Announced
Investopedia
OpenLedger has released the dates for the Initial Token Offerings (ITO) of four different projectsOCASH, eDev.one, GetGame and Apptradebeing built on its platform. In June, Denmark based Open Ledger Aps received a seed funding of $1.6 million ...

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Bitcoin Averts Split Into Two Currencies – Fortune

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Photograph by Getty Images

Digital currency bitcoin on Friday averted a split into two currencies after its network supported an upgrade to its software that would enhance its ability to process an increasing number of transactions.

Bitcoin's miners have signaled their support for the so-called Bitcoin Improvement Proposal (BIP) 91, avoiding a split of bitcoin into two blockchains. The miners represent a network of computer operators who secure the blockchain or a public ledger of all bitcoin transactions

BIP 91 is the first step toward a larger effort to upgrade bitcoin through a software called SegWit2x. On Friday, the support for BIP 91 reached nearly 100%, exceeding the required threshold of 80%, according to analysts and market participants.

Some investors have warmed to bitcoin, wooed by its explosive performance and potential to compete with gold and government-issued money as a means to store value. Demand for bitcoin has grown in eight years to a market capitalization of more than $40 billion.

But fears about the bitcoin split dampened demand for bitcoin in recent weeks. After hitting record high near $3,000, bitcoin dropped as low $1,830 on the Bitstamp platform. On Friday, it traded at $2,647.

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The software upgrade attempts to address the bitcoin network's limitations in processing millions of daily transactions. Bitcoin's network has not kept pace with its growth and is unable to process all the transactions fast enough.

"BIP 91 unleashes the next wave of innovation because it has been a little bit stagnant of late for bitcoin," said Rob Viglione, co-founder of ZenCash, a digital coin focused on privacy and security.

Before BIP 91's endorsement, some bitcoin investors feared it could split into two independent currencies because core developers of the network and the miners each wanted different ways to increase bitcoin's scale.

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A compromise between the two groups has been reached through SegWit2x.

"Bitcoin now has a clear run to add features that allow for faster transactions with lower costs," said Charles Hayter, chief executive officer of digital currency analytics firm Cryptocompare.

The upgrade to bitcoin's network will not occur until autumn, said Viglione, because several things need to happen before the new software is activated.

Market participants have complained about the delay in transactions. Analysts say a single bitcoin transaction costs on average 83 U.S. cents to execute, which means micropayments are not feasible on the network.

The network is also limited to roughly seven transactions per second. In comparison, Visa on average handles 2,000 transactions per second.

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What’s Next for Bitcoin After Digital Currency Split Is Averted – Bloomberg

Posted: at 7:51 am

With the bitcoin development community embracing a software upgrade known as SegWit2x that aims to increase the networks transaction capacity, a split of the cryptocurrency appears to be avoided. As proponents of the change celebrate, heres what some have to say about what may be next.

Were going to see greater utility of the network. Now people can use bitcoin as a way to transit value more easily, more quickly, more cheaply. And that tends to attract in new users to the network."

Going forward, there will probably be open-blockchains like bitcoin, which tends to move more slowly or conservatively, but there will be other blockchains like ethereum that may move more quickly and introduce a larger surface area for developers to build on top of. I think both of those things complement each other, not compete with each other."

Its a great step for bitcoin. There were a lot of question marks, obviously this has been in contention for quite some time now, but reaching consensus for how to scale bitcoin further is a huge step, clearly. SegWit activating and allowing things like Lightning Network is going to be huge for allowing more activity with existing user base, and down the line once we start to expand the blocksize, well be able to expand the number of users on the network."

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The fact BIP91 came through is a good signal that everyone wants to be growing this network further. And theres a lot of ways that its accomplished, but the fact there is way forward is encouraging. Youll never know what happens between now and a few months down the line, in the cryptocurrency space especially, but Im encouraged everything we saw in the past few weeks. A lot of question marks are starting to get answers."

The BIP91 lock-in would be extremely significant for bitcoin and one of the first steps towards scaling the network. Work and discussion around scaling bitcoin has been ongoing for years - with the first dedicated conference around the topic beginning in 2015."

After BIP91 locks in, approximately two weeks later SegWit should go live. Beyond that, there is still risk that bitcoin could split into different chains supporting different maximum block sizes (like a SegWit 1MB chain and a SegWit 2MB chain)."

Read more about how bitcoin and blockchain work.

Bitcoin doesnt have a Turing-complete language like ethereum, but there are some new interesting things that will enable to do be done once SegWit is implemented."

She gave a few examples:

With assistance by Lulu Yilun Chen

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