{"id":29406,"date":"2010-10-17T03:07:35","date_gmt":"2010-10-17T03:07:35","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/euvolution.com\/futurist-transhuman-news-blog\/support-for-bans-on-interracial-marriage-by-sex-gene-expression\/"},"modified":"2010-10-17T03:07:35","modified_gmt":"2010-10-17T03:07:35","slug":"support-for-bans-on-interracial-marriage-by-sex-gene-expression","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.euvolution.com\/futurist-transhuman-news-blog\/astronomy\/support-for-bans-on-interracial-marriage-by-sex-gene-expression.php","title":{"rendered":"Support for bans on interracial marriage by sex | Gene Expression"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>A quick follow-up to <a rel=\"nofollow\" target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/blogs.discovermagazine.com\/gnxp\/2010\/10\/female-race-consciousness-as-prudence\/\">my previous post<\/a> which points to the data that women tend to be more race-conscious in dating than men. There&rsquo;s a variable in the <a rel=\"nofollow\" target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/sda.berkeley.edu\/cgi-bin\/hsda?harcsda+gss08\">GSS<\/a> which asks if you support a ban on interracial marriage, RACMAR. Here&rsquo;s the question itself:<\/p><blockquote><p>Do you think there should be laws against marriages between (Negroes\/Blacks\/African-Americans) and whites?<\/p><\/blockquote><p>There isn&rsquo;t much surprising in the results for this variable. It was asked between 1972 and 2002, and support for a ban on interracial marriages dropped over time. Whites, old people, conservatives, and less educated people, tended to support these bans, as well as Southerners. But what about men vs. women? I&rsquo;ve never actually looked at that. I limited the sample to whites; the number of blacks in the sample is small and wouldn&rsquo;t alter the result, but I figured I&rsquo;d control for race anyway. Support for such laws is in the 35-40% range for whites in 1972, before dropping off to 5-15% in 2002.<\/p><p>Here&rsquo;s the trendline broken down by sex:<\/p><p><span><\/span><br><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-7177\" src=\"http:\/\/euvolution.com\/futurist-transhuman-news-blog\/wp-content\/plugins\/wp-o-matic\/cache\/08aa2_antimisclaw.png\" alt=\"antimisclaw\" width=\"546\" height=\"470\" style=\"padding-left:10px; padding-right: 10px;\"><\/p><p>There is a small but consistent difference until the last year. The difference is within 95% intervals within a given year of course. But the consistency of the greater female support for interracial marriage bans made me want to perform a <a rel=\"nofollow\" target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Logistic_regression\">logistic regression<\/a>. I decided to look at the total sample, and also limit it to the 1970s. The pseudo r-square for both is ~0.20. Italics means lack of statistical significance. The other values were all p = 0.000 in the GSS interface.<\/p><table border=\"0\" cellspacing=\"0\"><col width=\"128\"><col width=\"86\"><col width=\"86\"><tbody><tr><td width=\"128\" height=\"17\" align=\"LEFT\"><\/td><td width=\"86\" align=\"RIGHT\"><strong>Full Sample<\/strong><\/td><td width=\"86\" align=\"RIGHT\"><strong>1972-1980<\/strong><\/td><\/tr><tr><td height=\"17\" align=\"LEFT\"><strong><br><\/strong><\/td><td align=\"RIGHT\"><strong>B<\/strong><\/td><td align=\"RIGHT\"><strong>B<\/strong><\/td><\/tr><tr><td height=\"17\" align=\"LEFT\"><strong><em>Sex<\/em><\/strong><\/td><td align=\"RIGHT\">-0.282<\/td><td align=\"RIGHT\">-0.428<\/td><\/tr><tr><td height=\"17\" align=\"LEFT\"><strong><em>Degree<\/em><\/strong><\/td><td align=\"RIGHT\">0.467<\/td><td align=\"RIGHT\">0.430<\/td><\/tr><tr><td height=\"17\" align=\"LEFT\"><strong><em>Intelligence<\/em><\/strong><\/td><td align=\"RIGHT\">0.296<\/td><td align=\"RIGHT\">0.329<\/td><\/tr><tr><td height=\"17\" align=\"LEFT\"><strong><em>Political Ideology<\/em><\/strong><\/td><td align=\"RIGHT\">-0.147<\/td><td align=\"RIGHT\">-0.178<\/td><\/tr><tr><td height=\"17\" align=\"LEFT\"><strong><em>Year of Survey<\/em><\/strong><\/td><td align=\"RIGHT\">0.054<\/td><td align=\"RIGHT\"><em>0.041<\/em><\/td><\/tr><tr><td height=\"17\" align=\"LEFT\"><strong><em>Age<\/em><\/strong><\/td><td align=\"RIGHT\">0.036<\/td><td align=\"RIGHT\">-0.041<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><p>These results confirm that being female predicts a greater likelihood of supporting laws against interracial marriage. Having more education and being intelligent reduced the probability. Surprisingly year and age don&rsquo;t matter much when you&rsquo;re taking other variables into account.<\/p><p>As a final note, let&rsquo;s compare sex differences on another issue: homosexuality. The HOMOSEX variable asks about &ldquo;sexual relations between adults of the same sex.&rdquo; There are four responses:<\/p><p>1 = Always wrong<\/p><p>2 = Almost always wrong<\/p><p>3 = Sometimes wrong<\/p><p>4 = Not wrong at all<\/p><p>Using the GSS I computed the <em>mean <\/em>value year by year. So if in 1974 50% said homosexual sex was always wrong, and 50% not wrong at all, you&rsquo;d have a mean value of 2.5. Here is the trendline by year by sex:<\/p><p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-7178\" style=\"padding-left:10px; padding-right: 10px;\" src=\"http:\/\/euvolution.com\/futurist-transhuman-news-blog\/wp-content\/plugins\/wp-o-matic\/cache\/fdc51_homsexsex.png\" alt=\"homsexsex\" width=\"541\" height=\"466\"><\/p><p>As with interracial marriage, there is a small, but consistent, sex difference. On the margins the sex difference will disappear, so one can think of it as one sex &ldquo;lagging&rdquo; the other on social change.<\/p><p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/euvolution.com\/futurist-transhuman-news-blog\/wp-content\/plugins\/wp-o-matic\/cache\/fdc51_2DHRNdGcRaU\" height=\"1\" width=\"1\" style=\"padding-left:10px; padding-right: 10px;\"><\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>A quick follow-up to my previous post which points to the data that women tend to be more race-conscious in dating than men. There&rsquo;s a variable in the GSS which asks if you support a ban on interracial marriage, RACMAR. &hellip; <a href=\"https:\/\/www.euvolution.com\/futurist-transhuman-news-blog\/astronomy\/support-for-bans-on-interracial-marriage-by-sex-gene-expression.php\">Continue reading <span class=\"meta-nav\">&rarr;<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"limit_modified_date":"","last_modified_date":"","_lmt_disableupdate":"","_lmt_disable":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[21],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-29406","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-astronomy"],"modified_by":null,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.euvolution.com\/futurist-transhuman-news-blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/29406"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.euvolution.com\/futurist-transhuman-news-blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.euvolution.com\/futurist-transhuman-news-blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.euvolution.com\/futurist-transhuman-news-blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.euvolution.com\/futurist-transhuman-news-blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=29406"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.euvolution.com\/futurist-transhuman-news-blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/29406\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.euvolution.com\/futurist-transhuman-news-blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=29406"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.euvolution.com\/futurist-transhuman-news-blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=29406"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.euvolution.com\/futurist-transhuman-news-blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=29406"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}