Last Updated Jul 27, 2017 1:50 PM EDT <\/p>\n
For the first time in the United States, scientists have edited the genes of human embryos, a controversial step toward someday helping babies avoid inherited diseases. According to MIT Technology Review, which first reported the news on Wednesday, the experiment was just an exercise in science the embryos were not allowed to develop for more than a few days and were never intended to be implanted into a womb. Officials at Oregon Health & Science University confirmed that the work took place there and said results would be published in a journal soon. It is thought to be the first such work in the U.S.; previous experiments like this have been reported from China. The Oregon scientists reportedly used a technique called CRISPR, which allows specific sections of DNA to be altered or replaced. It's much more precise than some types of gene therapy that cannot ensure that desired changes will take place exactly where and as intended. With gene editing, the changes are permanent and would be passed down to any offspring. <\/p>\n
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CRISPR could help rid of diseases like cystic fibrosis, muscular dystrophy and even HIV and cancer. But many scientists, including Jennifer Doudn... <\/p>\n
The approach holds great potential to avoid many genetic diseases, but has raised fears of \"designer babies\" if done for less lofty reasons, such as producing desirable traits. <\/p>\n
MIT Technology Review reports that the scientists created IVF embryos using donated sperm from men carrying inherited disease mutations. <\/p>\n
\"It is proof of principle that it can work. They significantly reduced mosaicism [errors in which desired DNA changes occurred in some but not all of the embryo's cells]. I don't think it's the start of clinical trials yet, but it does take it further than anyone has before,\" a scientist familiar with the project told the publication. <\/p>\n
Last year, Britain said some of its scientistscould edit embryo genesto better understand human development. In animal studies, CRISPR has been used to successfully remove HIV infection from lab mice. <\/p>\n
Earlier this year, the National Academy of Sciences and National Academy of Medicine said in a report that altering the genes of embryos might be OK if done under strict criteria and aimed at preventing serious disease. <\/p>\n
\"This is the kind of research that the report discussed,\" University of Wisconsin-Madison bioethicist R. Alta Charo said of the report of Oregon's work. She co-led the National Academies panel but was not commenting on its behalf Thursday. <\/p>\n
\"This was purely laboratory-based work that is incredibly valuable for helping us understand how one might make these germline changes in a way that is precise and safe. But it's only a first step,\" she said. <\/p>\n
\"We still have regulatory barriers in the United States to ever trying this to achieve a pregnancy. The public has plenty of time\" to weigh in on whether that should occur, she said. <\/p>\n
One prominent genetics expert, Dr. Eric Topol, director of the Scripps Translational Science Institute in La Jolla, California, said gene editing of embryos is \"an unstoppable, inevitable science, and this is more proof it can be done.\" <\/p>\n
Experiments are in the works now in the U.S. using gene-edited cells to try to treat people with various diseases, but \"in order to really have a cure, you want to get this at the embryo stage,\" he said. \"If it isn't done in this country, it will be done elsewhere.\" <\/p>\n
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