Intel CEO Pat Gelsinger, Open AI’s Anna Makanju, Senators Mark Warner and Todd Young, and other power players … – The Washington Post

Washington Post Live, The Posts award-winning live journalism platform, is unveiling its speakers for The Futurist Summit: The New Age of Tech, its second recent major convening focused on technology.

An all-star lineup of Post journalists will moderate interviews with influential business leaders and policy-makers about the promise and risks posed by emerging technologies. The event will be held on Thursday, March 21 at The Post Live Center in The Washington Posts D.C. headquarters.

Notable interviews include:

The summit will also feature an interactive session about the challenge of deepfakes led by Post technology columnist Geoffrey Fowler and a drone demonstration during an interview with Skydio CEO Adam Bry by associate editor Jonathan Capehart.

Todays ever-changing technology presents unlimited opportunities to better co-pilot our lives, said Vineet Khosla, Chief Technology Officer for The Washington Post. The conversations at The Posts tech summit will highlight some of these solutions and explore the pressing questions facing the world. Khosla, a founding engineer of Siri, joined The Post in 2023 from Uber where he was responsible for its routing engine. He will kick off the summit with opening remarks.

View the program agenda and the full list of speakers here.

The Washington Posts Futurist Summit is hosted with presenting sponsor Mozilla.

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Intel CEO Pat Gelsinger, Open AI's Anna Makanju, Senators Mark Warner and Todd Young, and other power players ... - The Washington Post

Le Monde and Open AI sign partnership agreement on artificial intelligence – Le Monde

As part of its discussions with major players in the field of artificial intelligence, Le Monde has just signed a multi-year agreement with OpenAI, the company known for its ChatGPT tool. This agreement is historic as it is the first signed between a French media organization and a major player in this nascent industry. It covers both the training of artificial intelligence models developed by the American company and answer engine services such as ChatGPT. It will benefit users of this tool by improving its relevance thanks to recent, authoritative content on a wide range of current topics, while explicitly highlighting our news organization's contribution to OpenAI's services.

This is a long-term agreement, designed as a true partnership. Under the terms of the agreement, our teams will be able to draw on OpenAI technologies to develop projects and functionalities using AI. Within the framework of this partnership, and for the duration of the agreement, the two parties will collaborate on a privileged and recurring basis. A dialogue between the teams of both parties will ensure the monitoring of products and technologies developed by OpenAI.

For the general public, the effects of this agreement will be visible on ChatGPT, which can be described, in simple terms, as an answer engine using established facts or comments expressed by a limited number of references. The engine generates the most plausible and predictive synthetic answer to a given question.

The agreement between Le Monde and OpenAI allows the latter to use Le Monde's corpus, for the duration of the agreement, as one of the major references to establish its answers and make them reliable. It provides for references to Le Monde articles to be highlighted and systematically accompanied by a logo, a hyperlink, and the titles of the articles used as references. Content supplied to us by news agencies and photographs published by Le Monde are expressly excluded.

For Le Monde, this agreement is further recognition of the reliability of the work of our editorial teams, often considered a reference. It is also a first step toward protecting our work and our rights, at a time when we are still at the very beginning of the AI revolution, a wave predicted by many observers to be even more imposing than the digital one. We were among the very first signatories in France of the "neighboring rights" agreements, with Facebook and then Google. Here too, we had to ensure that the rights of press publishers applied to the use of Le Monde content referenced in answers generated by the services developed by OpenAI.

This point is crucial to us. We hope this agreement will set a precedent for our industry. With this first signature, it will be more difficult for other AI platforms to evade or refuse to negotiate. From this point of view, we are convinced that the agreement is beneficial for the entire profession.

Lastly, this partnership enables the Socit Editrice du Monde, Le Monde's holding company, to work with OpenAI to explore advances in this technology, anticipating as far as possible any consequences, negative or favorable. It also has the advantage of consolidating our business model by providing a significant source of additional, multi-year revenue, including a share of neighboring rights. An "appropriate and equitable" portion of these rights, as defined by law, will be paid back to the newsroom.

These discussions with AI players, punctuated by this first signature, are born of our belief that, faced with the scale of the transformations that lie ahead, we need, more than ever, to remain mobile in order to avoid the perils that are taking shape and seize the opportunities for development. The dangers have already been widely identified: the plundering or counterfeiting of our content, the industrial and immediate fabrication of false information that flouts all journalistic rules, the re-routing of our audiences towards platforms likely to provide undocumented answers to every question. Simply put, the end of our uniqueness and the disappearance of an economic model based on revenues from paid distribution.

These risks, which are probably fatal for our industry, do not prevent the existence of historic opportunities: putting the computing power of artificial intelligence at the service of journalism, making it easier to work with data in a shorter timeframe as part of large-scale investigations, translating our written content into foreign languages or producing audio versions to expand our readership and disseminate our information and editorial formats to new audiences.

To take the measure of these challenges, we decided to act in steps. The first was devoted to protecting our content and strengthening our procedures. Last year, we first activated an opt-out clause on our sites, following the example of several other media organizations, prohibiting AI platforms from accessing our data to train their generative intelligence models without our agreement. We also collectively discussed and drew up an appendix to our ethics and deontology charter, devoted specifically to the use of AI within our group. In particular, this text states that generative artificial intelligence cannot be used in our publications to produce editorial content ex-nihilo. Nor can it replace the editorial teams that form the core of our business and our value. Our charter does, however, authorize the use of generative AI as a tool to assist editorial production, under strictly defined conditions.

With this in mind, another phase was opened, dedicated to experimenting with artificial intelligence tools in very specific sectors of our business. Using DeepL, we were able to launch our Le Monde in English website and app, whose articles are initially translated by this AI tool, before being re-read by professional translators and then edited and published by a team of English-speaking journalists. At the same time, we signed an agreement with Microsoft to test the audio version of our articles. This feature, now available on almost all our French-language articles published in our app, opens us up to new audiences, often younger, as well as to new uses, particularly for people on the move. The third step is the one that led us to sign the agreement with OpenAI, which we hope will create a dynamic favorable to independent journalism in the new technological landscape that is taking shape.

At each of these stages, Le Monde has remained true to the spirit that has driven it since the advent of the Internet, and during the major changes in our industry: We have sought to reconcile the desire to discover new territories, while taking care to protect our editorial identity and the high standards of our content. In recent years, this approach has paid off. As the first French media organization to rely on digital subscriptions without ever having recourse to online kiosks, we have for several years been able to claim a significant lead in the hierarchy of national general-interest dailies, thanks to an unprecedented number of over 600,000 subscribers. In the same way, our determination to be a pioneer on numerous social media platforms has given us a highly visible place on all of them, helping to rejuvenate our audience.

The agreement with OpenAI is a continuation of this strategy of reasoned innovation. And we continue to guarantee the total independence of our newsroom: It goes without saying that this new agreement, like the previous ones we have signed, will in no way hinder our journalists' freedom to investigate the artificial intelligence sector in general, and OpenAI in particular. In fact, over the coming months, we will be stepping up our reporting and investigative capabilities in this key area of technological innovation.

This is the very first condition of our editorial independence, and therefore of your trust. As we move forward into the new world of artificial intelligence, we have close to our hearts an ambition that goes back to the very first day of our history, whose 80th anniversary we are celebrating this year: deserving your loyalty.

Le Monde

Louis Dreyfus(Chief Executive Officer of Le Monde) and Jrme Fenoglio(Director of Le Monde)

Translation of an original article published in French on lemonde.fr; the publisher may only be liable for the French version.

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Le Monde and Open AI sign partnership agreement on artificial intelligence - Le Monde

Why is Elon Musk suing Open AI and Sam Altman? In a word: Microsoft. – Morningstar

By Jurica Dujmovic

Potential ramifications extend far beyond the courtroom

In a striking turn of events, Elon Musk, Tesla's (TSLA) CEO, has initiated legal action against OpenAI and its leadership, alleging that the organization he helped found has moved from its original altruistic mission toward a profit-driven approach, particularly after partnering with Microsoft (MSFT).

The lawsuit accentuates Musk's deep-seated concerns that OpenAI has deviated from its foundational manifesto of developing artificial general intelligence (AGI) for the betterment of humanity, choosing instead to prioritize financial gains. But is that really so, or is there something else at hand?

Musk was deeply involved with OpenAI since its inception in 2015, as his concerns about AI's potential risks and the vision to advance AI in a way that benefits humanity aligned with OpenAI's original ethos as a non-profit organization.

In 2018, however, Musk became disillusioned with OpenAI because, in his view, it no longer operated as a nonprofit and was building technology that took sides in political and social debates. The recent OpenAI drama that culminated with a series of significant changes in OpenAI's structure and ethos, as well as a what can only be seen as Microsoft's power grab, seems to have sparked Musk's discontent.

To understand his reasoning, it helps to remember that Microsoft is a company with a long history of litigation. Over the years, Microsoft has faced numerous high-profile legal battles related to its market practices.

Here are some prominent cases to illustrate the issue:

-- In the United States v. Microsoft Corp. case, which began in 1998, the U.S. Department of Justice accused Microsoft of holding a monopolistic position in the PC operating-systems market and taking actions to crush threats to that monopoly. In April 2000, the case resulted in a verdict that Microsoft had engaged in monopolization and attempted monopolization in violation of the Sherman Antitrust Act.

-- In Europe, Microsoft has faced significant fines for abusing its dominant market position. In 2004, the European Commission fined Microsoft 497.2 million euros, the largest sum it had ever imposed on a single company at the time??. In 2008, Microsoft was fined an additional 899 million euros for failing to comply with the 2004 antitrust order.

-- In 2013, the European Commission levied a 561 million euro fine against Microsoft for failing to comply with a 2009 settlement agreement to offer Windows users a choice of internet browsers instead of defaulting to Internet Explorer.

In light of these past litigations, it's much easier to understand why OpenAI's CEO Sam Altman's brief departure from the company and subsequent return late last year - which culminated in a significant shift in the organization's governance and its relationship with Microsoft - was the straw that likely broke Musk's back.

After Altman was reinstated, Microsoft solidified its influence over OpenAI by securing a permanent position on its board. Furthermore, the restructuring of OpenAI's board to include business-oriented members, rather than AI experts or ethicists, signaled a permanent shift in the organization's priorities and marked a pivotal turn toward a profit-driven model underpinned by corporate governance.

The consequences of this power grab are plain to see: Microsoft is already implementing various AI models designed by the company in its various products while none of the code is being released to the public. These models also include a specific political and ideological bias that makes them problematic from an ethical point of view. This too, is an issue that cannot be addressed due to the closed-source nature of AI models generated and shaped under the watchful eye of Microsoft.

Musk's own ventures, like xAI and Neuralink, suggest he's still deeply invested in the AI space, albeit in a way he has more control over, presumably to ensure that the technology develops according to his vision for the future of humanity.

On the other hand, proponents of Microsoft's partnership with OpenAI emphasize strategic and mutually-beneficial aspects. Microsoft's $1 billion investment in OpenAI is viewed as a significant step in advancing artificial-intelligence technology as it allows OpenAI to utilize Microsoft's Azure cloud services to train and run its AI software. Additionally, the collaboration is positioned as a way for Microsoft to stay competitive against other tech giants by integrating AI into its cloud services and developing more sophisticated AI models????.

Proponents say Microsoft's involvement with OpenAI is a strategic business decision aimed at promoting Azure's AI capabilities and securing a leading position in the industry. The partnership is framed as a move to democratize AI technology while ensuring AI safety, which aligns with broader industry goals of responsible and ethical AI development. It is also seen as a way for OpenAI to access necessary resources and expertise to further its research, emphasizing the collaborative nature of the partnership rather than a mere financial transaction??.

Hard truths and consequences

While many point out that Musk winning the case is extremely unlikely, it's still worth looking into potential consequences. Such a verdict could mandate that OpenAI returns to a non-profit status or open-source its technology, significantly impacting its business model, revenue generation and future collaborations. It could also affect Microsoft's investment in OpenAI, particularly if the court determines that the latter has strayed from its founding mission, influencing the tech giant's ability to protect its investment and realize expected returns.

The lawsuit's outcome might influence public and market perceptions of OpenAI and Microsoft, possibly affecting customer trust and market share, with Musk potentially seen as an advocate for ethical AI development. Additionally, the case could drive the direction of AI development, balancing between open-source and proprietary models, and possibly accelerating innovation while raising concerns about controlling and misusing advanced AI technologies.

The scrutiny from this lawsuit might lead to more cautious approaches in contractual relationships within the tech sector, focusing on partnerships and intellectual property. Furthermore, the case could draw regulatory attention, possibly leading to increased oversight or regulation of AI companies, particularly concerning transparency, data privacy and ethical considerations in AI development. While Musk's quest might seem like a longshot to some legal experts, the potential ramifications of this lawsuit extend far beyond the courtroom.

More: Here's what an AI chatbot thinks of Elon Musk's lawsuit against OpenAI and Sam Altman

Also read: Microsoft hasn't been worth this much more than Apple since 2003

-Jurica Dujmovic

This content was created by MarketWatch, which is operated by Dow Jones & Co. MarketWatch is published independently from Dow Jones Newswires and The Wall Street Journal.

(END) Dow Jones Newswires

03-09-24 1003ET

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Why is Elon Musk suing Open AI and Sam Altman? In a word: Microsoft. - Morningstar

Alumis TYK2 Blocker Clears Phase II in Plaque Psoriasis on Heels of Series C – BioSpace

Pictured: Woman scratching psoriatic lesions on her elbow/iStock, helivideo

Alumis on Saturday posted promising data from the Phase II STRIDE study demonstrating that its investigational TYK2 inhibitor ESK-001 can significantly reduce the severity of lesions in patients with moderate-to severe plaque psoriasis.

The results, presented during a late-breaking session at the annual meeting of the American Academy of Dermatology, showed that all dose levels and schedules of ESK-001 resulted in a significantly higher proportion of patients achieving a 75% improvement on the Psoriasis Area and Severity Score (PASI), which is a widely used tool to evaluate the severity of psoriasis.

At week 12, 64.1% of patients treated with a 40-mg, twice-daily regimen achieved the endpoint, also known as PASI-75. Meanwhile, 56.4% of those assigned to the 20-mg, twice-daily and 40-mg, once-daily schedules met the same outcome. These data were all significantly higher than in the placebo group, in which no participant achieved PASI-75.

Even the lowest dosing regimen of 10-mg, once-daily ESK-001 elicited a significantly higher rate of PASI-75 than placebo.

Alumis CMO Jrn Drappa in a statement said that these data support the potential for a best-in-class profile for ESK-001 in psoriasis, pointing to patients who demonstrated a high degree of clinical improvement at week 12 that continued to increase over time.

The biotech is now preparing to take ESK-001 into Phase III trials, with an eye toward launching the drug as an oral therapy with a better efficacy profile than current treatments on the market, Alumis CEO Martin Babler said in a statement. The company will also advance the candidate in other immune-mediated indications.

ESK-001 is a highly selective allosteric inhibitor of the TYK2 protein. The oral drug candidate works by dampening signaling through the IL-12, IL-13 and interferon- receptors, tempering the bodys immune and inflammatory responses.

In STRIDE, this mechanism of action also helped ESK-001 meet key secondary endpoints. At the highest dosing schedule40-mg twice-daily38.5% of treated participants achieved PASI-90, while 15.4% reached PASI-100, indicating a 100% improvement in PASI scores.

In terms of safety, ESK-001 was overall well-tolerated, inducing no treatment-related serious adverse events. Study dropouts due to side effects were low and the study did not find signs of toxicities associated with JAK inhibition.

STRIDEs open-label extension phase, which followed patients up to 16 weeks, likewise showed that PASI endpoint responses increased even further and that ESK-001 continued to be well-tolerated.

Saturdays readout comes days after Alumis closed its $259 million Series C funding round to help bring ESK-001 into late-stage development. The candidate will help it compete with Bristol Myers Squibb, which owns the TYK2 inhibitor Sotyktu that won the FDAs approval in September 2022 for the treatment of moderate-to-sever plaque psoriasis.

Tristan Manalac is an independent science writer based in Metro Manila, Philippines. Reach out to him on LinkedIn or email him at tristan@tristanmanalac.com or tristan.manalac@biospace.com.

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Alumis TYK2 Blocker Clears Phase II in Plaque Psoriasis on Heels of Series C - BioSpace

Communicating With Patients With Psoriasis With Skin of Color – MD Magazine

This is a video synopsis/summary of a panel discussion involving Linda Stein Gold, MD; Mona Shahriari, MD, FAAD; and Seemal Desai, MD.

In this conversation, the participants discuss the complexities of treating patients with skin of color who have psoriasis, emphasizing the need for a holistic approach to care. They explore the cultural sensitivities surrounding skin conditions, acknowledging the stigma and isolation that patients may experience, particularly in cultures valuing fair skin.

The importance of recognizing and addressing cultural concerns during patient encounters is highlighted, with a focus on leaving biases behind and creating a judgment-free environment. The participants stress the significance of building trust and understanding individual patient needs and expectations.

Practical strategies for initiating conversations about cultural implications and treatment preferences are discussed, emphasizing the importance of active listening and collaboration in the decision-making process. Building a strong patient-provider relationship is seen as crucial for improving treatment adherence and overall patient outcomes.

Ultimately, the conversation underscores the importance of patient-centered care and the ongoing effort to break down barriers that may exist within the healthcare system, with the goal of providing personalized and effective treatment for all patients.

Video synopsis is AI-generated and reviewed by HCPLive editorial staff.

See more here:

Communicating With Patients With Psoriasis With Skin of Color - MD Magazine

Frontline Forum Part 2: Challenges and Opportunities to Enhance Psoriasis Management – Dermatology Times

Before reading, review part 1 here.

The panel delved into the specific needs of patients with melanin-rich skin and provided valuable insights into optimizing psoriasis care for this patient population. They noted that some patients have expressed distrust in the health care system or experience with clinical trials and may prefer topical treatments oversystemic agents.

When it comes to putting [patients with skin of color] on a systemic agent, a lot of them have distrust in the health care system or experience with clinical trials. They dont always want to go on a systemic [treatment], Shahriari said. Theyd rather go on a topical [treatment], and [with] our older-generation special topical corticosteroids, a big concern was hypopigmentation or other pigmentary alterations. In the scalp, the formulations we had werent ideal for tightlycoiled hairs.

The panel also discussed the potential risk of hypopigmentation and other pigmentary alterations with older topical corticosteroids and the need for newer formulations. We want to simplify the treatment regimen. We want to pay attention to skin of color and the hypopigmentation that can come from topical steroids, Stein Gold explained. We want to do a more holistic treatment for the patients [with] psoriasis where we can treat short term as well as a long term. It doesnt mean we wont use combination therapy with these new topicals, combination with topical steroids or systemic agents, but I think theyre [an] important addition to the treatment arm inthis area.

The panelists highlighted the significance of tailored treatment approaches for patients with melanin-rich skin, with Kircik noting, When you look at the statistics, theres so much discordance between the perception of the disease by the provider vs the patient and it doesnt match. This insight underscores the need for health care providers to understand and address the unique experiences and perceptions of psoriasis in patients with melanin-rich skin.

Stein Gold, Shahriari, and Cameron explored emerging oral treatments for the management of plaque psoriasis, emphasizing the novelty of TYK2 inhibition. They discussed the unique POETYK PSO-LTE (NCT04036435) trial design, stressing the importance of the inclusion of an active control arm. Shahriari explained the significance of trials for deucravacitinib (Sotyktu; Bristol Myers Squibb), stating, We had our POETYK PSO trials, which were the pivotal trials for deucravacitinib. And apremilast, our other oral agent on the market, was theactive comparator.

The POETYK PSO-LTE clinical trial assessed the 3-year results of deucravacitinib treatment in adult patients with moderate to severe plaque psoriasis. The trial included 1519 patients who received at least1 dose of deucravacitinib acrossmultiple phases.1

Shahriari provided an overview of the evolution of treatments for plaque psoriasis, stating, After the 2000s, we decided to become more targeted and specific in our treatments for plaque psoriasis, and thats when the era of the biologics started. The panel shared insights into the pivotal role of biologic agents in the shift toward more targeted and specific treatments forplaque psoriasis.

Han discussed diversity within the IL-17 family of biologic agents, stating, Whats interesting to me is that in the IL-17 family, we have so much diversity now: IL-17A inhibitors and IL-17 receptor blockers, a dual IL-17A and IL-17F. This emphasizes the diversity and ongoing development within the IL-17 family of biologic agents, reflecting the evolving landscape ofbiologic treatments.

The panel also discussed the considerations for choosing between biologic and small-molecule treatments and treatment duration. Han also mentioned, I think it makes sense. One of the things that Leon [Kircik] said, to your point of why not just put them on a biologic, with a small-molecule [treatment], you dont have to worry about the half-life, about how long they keep it on board, about developingantidrug antibodies.

Kircik emphasized the importance of topical treatments in combination with systemic therapies and said, I always say that topical treatment is the foundation of dermatologic treatment. No matter what, we have biologics, we have oral treatments, we still use topical treatment for those patients. And we use combination treatment, right? Regardless of what we are doing...oral, systemic, light treatments, I always add topicals. I use biologics in combination with topicals; systemics-topicals; and lighttreatment- topicals.

Reference

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Frontline Forum Part 2: Challenges and Opportunities to Enhance Psoriasis Management - Dermatology Times

Health Conditions Linked to Psoriasis: Heart Disease & More – ADDitude magazine

Not available March 19? Dont worry. Register now and well send you the replay link to watch at your convenience.

Learn about psoriasis and other health conditions, or comorbidities, often linked to it in this webinar hosted by WebMD. Nehal N. Mehta, M.D., will explain how these conditions are related to inflammation, which can affect different parts of your body. Hell discuss how treating your psoriasis, and following specific prevention steps, can help protect you from developing other health issues when you live with psoriasis.

In this WebMD webinar, you will learn about:

Have a question for the expert? There will be an opportunity to post questions for the presenter during the live webinar.

Click here to view the full list of on-demand and upcoming WebMD webinars.

Nehal Mehta, M.D., a renowned expert and researcher on psoriasis and related conditions, is a clinical professor of medicine at George Washington University and adjunct professor at the University of Pennsylvania. He was founding chief of Inflammation and Cardiometabolic Diseases at the National Institutes of Health (NIH) and served as principal Investigator of the largest cohort study examining psoriasis impacts on cardiometabolic diseases from 2012 to 2022. Hes a board member of the American Society of Preventive Cardiology and an elected member of the American Society of Clinical Investigation. Hes the inaugural recipient of the Lasker Clinical Scholar Award. He received lifetime achievement awards for his work in the psoriasis community from two international foundations in 2021 and 2023.

Follow ADDitudes full ADHD Experts Podcast in your podcasts app: Apple Podcasts | Google Podcasts | Spotify | Google Play | Amazon Music | RadioPublic | Pocket Casts | iHeartRADIO | Audacy

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Health Conditions Linked to Psoriasis: Heart Disease & More - ADDitude magazine

Frontline Forum Part 1: Challenges and Opportunities to Enhance Psoriasis Management – Dermatology Times

As the understanding of psoriasis continues to evolve, the imperative of personalized care has gained prominence, reshaping the traditional paradigms of treatment. In the recentDermatology Timescustom video series Advancements in Psoriasis Care: Navigating Emerging Therapies and Guidelines, experts in the management of skin conditions discussed the latest developments in plaque psoriasis management. The panel discussion included Linda Stein Gold, MD, of Henry Ford Health in Detroit, Michigan; Mona Shahriari, MD, of Yale University School of Medicine in New Haven, Connecticut; Michael Cameron, MD, of Cameron Dermatology in New York, New York; Leon Kircik, MD, of Derm Research, PLLC, in Louisville, Kentucky; and George Han, MD, of Hofstra University in Hempstead, New York. The conversation shed light on the evolving paradigms, evidence-based approaches, and need for individualized care in managing thiscondition (Table).

Stein Gold emphasized the challenges posed by complex treatment regimens and said, The use of complex regimens with multiple topical agents can lead to lower adherence and less effective treatment. This sentiment underscores the critical need to streamline treatment approaches to enhance patient adherence and optimize treatment outcomes.

The panelists also highlighted the impact of treatment complexity on patient adherence, with Cameron noting, The more complex the regimen is, the lower the adherence, which means were less effectively [managing] the disease. This insight underscores the direct correlation between treatment complexity and patient adherence, emphasizing the need for streamlined andpatient-friendly regimens.

Furthermore, Shahriari said, Its really a matter of simplifying the treatment regimen. This sentiment underscores the need to reevaluate treatment approaches and streamline regimens to enhance patient adherence andtreatment efficacy.

In the realm of psoriasis management, the emergence of steroid phobia and evolving patient preferences has sparked critical discussions among health care professionals. Kircik highlighted the growing trend of steroid phobia among patients, stating, There is now this trend that nobody wants to be on steroids. This observation underscores the shifting attitudes toward steroid-based treatments and the impact on patient-provider discussions regarding treatment options.

The panelists also addressed the concerns surrounding patient preferences for nonsteroidal treatment options, with Stein Gold emphasizing the need to consider alternative therapies, stating, I think of steroids as a short-term solution to a long-term problem. Its really a Band-Aid. This sentiment underscores the evolving perspectives on steroid-based treatments and the need to explore nonsteroidal alternatives to address patient preferences and concerns. Additionally, Cameron provided insights into the prevalence of steroid phobia, saying, I find that [for] most of my patients, whether they [have] mild, moderate, or severe [disease], I dont want them using steroidslong term.

Psoriasis management guidelines serve as a critical resource, providing evidence-based recommendations for the management of psoriasis. Stein Gold addressed the limitations of current treatment guidelines and said, The problem is the guidelines are not for psoriasis. Theyre being done for atopic dermatitis right now. This observation sparked a conversation about the need for updated and comprehensive guidelines that align with the evolving landscape ofpsoriasis management.

The panelists also addressed the implications of treatment guidelines on patient care, with Kircik emphasizing the need for individualized treatment approaches, stating, We are looking for new topicals that are steroid freeor nonsteroidal.

Shahriari expressed the importance of defining disease severity in treatment guidelines and noted, I think we need to talk more about the definitions of mild, moderate, [and] severe psoriasis. This perspective highlights the need for clear and comprehensive definitions of disease severity to guide treatment approaches and optimize patient outcomes.

The panel noted that guidelines are often used against providers by attorneys and insurance companies and can be prescriptive rather than informative. The entire panel agreed that guidelines should be based on a review of the literature and provide a comprehensive overview of available treatments rather thanspecific recommendations.

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Frontline Forum Part 1: Challenges and Opportunities to Enhance Psoriasis Management - Dermatology Times

Sharing Innovations in Psoriasis Biologics and Uplifting Women in Dermatology – Dermatology Times

I'm going to walk the team through the head-to-head clinical trial data, but also the real-world data because the reality is a drug may perform beautifully in a controlled clinical trial setting, but the real world is messy, so that drug may not perform in the same way. I'm going to guide the attendees on which drugs offer the best durability of response over time. Spoiler alert: the IL-23's have really held up not only from an efficacy standpoint, but also from a safety standpoint over time, said Mona Shahriari, MD, FAAD, in an interview with Dermatology Times at the 2024 American Academy of Dermatology (AAD) Annual Meeting in San Diego, California.

Shahriari, an assistant clinical professor of dermatology at the Yale School of Medicine and the associate director of clinical trials at CCD Research in Connecticut, presented pearls from her AAD session, Comparative Efficacy and Relative Ranking of Psoriasis Biologics Using Real-world and Clinical Trial Data. Shahriari reviewed the efficacy of various biologics and systemics for psoriasis in both clinical trials and real-world examples. Shahriari also reviewed the efficacy of biosimilars and their success.

At AAD, Shahriari also participated in a panel during Bristol Myers Squibbs Women Connection Forum. Shahriari spoke alongside Latanya Benjamin, MD, FAAD, FAAP; Alexandra Golant, MD, FAAD; and Jenny Murase, MD, FAAD, to share their personal and professional journeys, as well as advice for women in dermatology.

If there's something that you want, it's okay to ask. I think a lot of times as women, we assume that certain opportunities are given to us based on our credentials, people look at our CV, people look at everything that we've done. But that's not always the case. Sometimes people don't even know that you're interested in activity. I learned that if there was something I was interested in, if I just asked and said, Hey, I just want to throw my name in the hat for XYZ opportunity that's coming up, they've actually looked at me more carefully, and I've been able to partake in that opportunity, said Shahriari when sharing her advice for women wanting to advance in dermatology.

Transcript

Mona Shahriari, MD, FAAD: Hi, my name is Mona Shahriari. I'm an assistant clinical professor of dermatology at Yale University and the associate director of clinical trials at CCD research.

Dermatology Times: What pearls are you sharing during your session, "Comparative efficacy and relative ranking of psoriasis biologics using real-world and clinical data?"

Shahriari: At this year's American Academy of Dermatology meeting, I'm going to be doing a talk that looks at the comparative effectiveness of different biologics and systemics for plaque psoriasis, not only in clinical trial data, but also in real-world data, because we have a busy toolbox of medications. And sometimes, it's tough to know which drug do I reach for first, and if that fails, which drug do I reach for a second? I'm going to really walk the team through the head-to-head clinical trial data, but also the real-world data, because the reality is a drug may perform beautifully in a controlled clinical trial setting, but the real world is messy, so that drug may not perform in the same way. I'm going to guide the attendees on which drugs offer the best durability of response over time. Spoiler alert the IL-23's have really held up not only from an efficacy standpoint, but from a safety standpoint over time. And interestingly, some of our biosimilars have proven to be just as good as our originator drugs. So,we'll walk through the nitty gritty of those details.

Dermatology Times: What other topics or sessions are you looking forward to at AAD?

Shahriari: Well, I have to say the late breaker session is always my absolute favorite. I make sure not to miss that because being on the cutting edge of clinical trials and dermatology research, I want to make sure I'm offering my patients the most innovative treatment for their skin disease. So that is a session I do not miss because I want to make sure I know what the rest of 2024 is going to look like. But also, the JAK Inhibitors: A New Frontier, that was a new session that hit the space last year, heavily attended, and JAK inhibitors are revolutionizing how we treat so many different diseases within dermatology. I really want to see what else is out there on the horizon, and how we can bring this amazing therapy to our patients.

Dermatology Times: What is the significance of the Bristol Myers Squibb Women's Forum Panel that you participated in?

Shahriari: Well, I really think this is a landmark connection form that they put together, because the reality is as women not only in dermatology, but also as career women out there, there are definitely some disparities that go on, whether it's related to pay, whether it's related to promotion, or really just getting your name out there and exposure. And really, the purpose of this woman's connection forum is to not only help us gain connections with other women leaders within the field, and have those friendships develop and networking opportunities develop, but also to hear about the struggles of other women. Sometimes when you normalize it, and you have somebody who you look up to tell you, "You know what, I went through the same challenges. And this is how I overcame them." It can really help you feel closer to those individuals. But also, you realize everybody's human, everyone's going to face challenges, and what can you do to overcome those challenges and not let them get you down?

Dermatology Times: What advice do you have for other women in dermatology?

Shahriari: I really think the 2 main pieces of advice I have is to find a good mentorship network. And I'm calling it a network and not a mentor because in different stages of your life and different aspects of your career, you're going to need different people. And that mentor might be a female, that mentor might be a male. You want to find different individuals to include in that network of yours so you'll have individuals to go through. But also, one other piece of advice I have is if there's something that you want, it's okay to ask. I think a lot of times as women, we assume that certain opportunities are given to us based on our credentials, people look at our CV, people look at everything that we've done. But that's not always the case. Sometimes people don't even know that you're interested in an activity. And I really learned that if there was something I was interested in, if I just asked and said, "Hey, I just want to throw my name in the hat for XYZ opportunity that's coming up, "they've actually looked at me more carefully, and I've been able to partake in that opportunity. So that was one of the simplest pieces of advice I got once upon a time. And it's really done well for me.

Dermatology Times: What positive changes have you seen in dermatology?

Shahriari: I think one thing I've noticed is historically, as a specialty, we used to prescribe a lot of topical agents for our patients. But we've had an explosion of oral and injectable medications for the treatment of various diseases. And I've been really pleased to find a lot of my colleagues jumping on the bandwagon to offer patients some of these newer therapies because sometimes as dermatologists we do want to see more safety data, we do want to see more efficacy data. But I think the value of these newer generation medications, not only from an efficacy standpoint, but also from a safety standpoint is becoming more evident. So, to see my colleagues jump on the bandwagon and offer these to the patients is really going to make a difference for our patients for years and years to come.

One other piece that I've seen is there's been a lot of emphasis on diversity within clinical trials and really allowing for our patients with skin of color to be at the forefront of many activities that we do within dermatology. Because the reality is that historically a lot of our patients with skin of color, they were not in our clinical trials. And when these individuals went to dermatology offices, they were either not getting appropriate treatment, or they were being undertreated. misdiagnosed. And many of my contemporaries and colleagues just didn't feel comfortable caring for these individuals, but as the population of the United States diversifies, and those people who are a minority today become more of the majority, I love that within dermatology, we are prioritizing the needs of these individuals so that we can take care of all of our patients across all skin tones moving forward.

[Transcript lightly edited for space and clarity.]

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Sharing Innovations in Psoriasis Biologics and Uplifting Women in Dermatology - Dermatology Times

A Patient-Centric Medcast on The Journey Through Moderate Plaque Psoriasis – MD Magazine

00:00 Introductions

02:10 The impact of plaque psoriasis

07:48 Absence of treatment or under treatment of plaque psoriasis

12:50 Prescribing novel systemic medications in plaque psoriasis as an advanced practice provider

15:46 Classifying moderate disease in plaque psoriasis

19:43 Getting payer approval for your patients with plaque psoriasis

23:18 Novel oral systemic treatments for plaque psoriasis

25:03 Pivotal clinical trial data on deucravacitinib

27:58 Deciding on aprimilast versus deucravacitinib for your patients with plaque psoriasis

31:53 Mechanism of action of deucravacitinib

38:13 Selecting a therapy in the evolving treatment landscape for your patient with plaque psoriasis

43:08 Educating your patients on injectables and orals systemic treatments

46:58 Summary

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A Patient-Centric Medcast on The Journey Through Moderate Plaque Psoriasis - MD Magazine

Alumis Looks To Stand Out From The TYK2 Crowd With Psoriasis Data – Scrip

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Evolution and Innovation in Treating Psoriasis in Pediatric Patients – Dermatology Times

When we talk about evolution in treatment for psoriasis, we have come a long way, April W. Armstrong, MD, MPH, told attendees at the Society for Pediatric Dermatology Pre-AAD Meeting.1

April W. Armstrong, MD, MPH

Armstrong, Chief of the Division of Dermatology at the UCLA Health and the David Geffen School of Medicine, added that through this evolution we are looking for treatments that are effective, convenient and safe. Not too long ago, arsenic was used to treat psoriasis,2 she told attendees. Yes, it killed psoriasis but also killed a lot of other things.

Fortunately, she shared there are now options that are meet the 3 important criteria: safe, effective, and even convenient. For instance, biologics have emerged as a good option for treating psoriasis, especially in adults, Armstrong explained. In general, there are a number of factors she considers when choosing among the biologics, which when grouped include tumor necrosis factor (TNF) inhibitors (ie, etanercept, infliximab, adalimumab, certolizumab), interleukin (IL)-17 inhibitors (ie, ixekizumab, secukinumab, brodalumab, bimekizumab), and IL-23 inhibitors (ie, guselkumab, risankizumab, tildrakizumab, ustekinumab [a IL12/23 inhibitor]).

The IL-17 and IL-23 inhibitors are a good choice for robust psoriasis efficacy. In addition, guselkumab, risankizumab, ustekinumab have been shown to be effective for psoriatic arthritis, while IL-17 inhibitors have been shown to be effective for peripheral and axial psoriatic arthritis. There is evolving evidence for the use of IL-23 inhibitors in psoriatic arthritis of the spine. She cautioned that IL-17 inhibitors should be avoided in patients with a history of inflammatory bowel disease and can be associated with increased risk of oral candidiasis.

Meanwhile, Armstrong noted TNF inhibitors should be avoided in patients with hepatitis B and demyelinating disease. They also are not preferred when there is a history of latent tuberculosis or advanced congestive heart failure. Like the other biologics, TNF inhibitors can be effective for psoriatic arthritis (peripheral and axial) and she added that certolizumab has been great in pregnant patients.

Currently, there arebiologics approved for use in pediatric patients. Ustekinumab which inhibits p40 subunit of IL12/23, has been approved for pediatric plaque psoriasis in patients aged 6 years and older. She pointed to the CADMUS Trial, which found that nearly 70% of patients aged 12 years or older with moderate to severe plaque psoriasis achieved sPGA0/1 (vs 5.4 in the placebo group).3

Secukinumab is approved for pediatric patients aged 6 years and older, she said. She shared results from a study comparing secukinumab versus etanercept in this patient population, noting she especially appreciates head to head comparisons of agents because it speaks to the superiority of one medication over another over a time period. In the study, which was present at the EADV Virtual Congress in 2020, 85% of the patients on secukinumab achieved (and maintained) clear (IGA 0/1) at 52 weeks vs 72% on etanercept.

Approved in pediatric patients 6 years and older for moderate to severe psoriasis, Armstrong said ixekizumab has shown high efficacy when compared with placebo, with 50% of patients achieving PASI 100 by week 12 (vs 2% on placebo).

Bimekizumab, the newest approved biologic for adult patients, has shown fast onset, high efficacy, and robust maintenance of response, Armstrong told attendees. Treatment consists of two 160 mg doses every 4 weeks for the first 16 weeks and then every 8 weeks afterwards. She reminded attendees that labs (ie, tuberculosis, liver enzymes, alkaline phosphatase, and bilirubin) should be checked prior to treatment. Oral candidiasis is the most common adverse event, but she said it is manageable without discontinuation with 100 mg to 200 mg fluconazole for 7 days.

Meanwhile, a phase 2 trial of bimekizumab (NCT04718896) is currently underway to assess safety and efficacy in adolescents with moderate to severe plaque psoriasis.

Another important treatment to consider is the tyrosine kinase 2 (Tyk2) inhibitor deucravacitinib, Armstrong told attendees. Currently, deucravacitinib is approved by the US Food and Drug Administration as an oral medication for the treatment of moderate to severe plaque psoriasis in adults. She shared data demonstrating Psoriasis Area and Severity Index (PASI) 75, PASI 90, and Static Physician's Global Assessment (sPGA) 0/1 response sustained through 3 years for patients on the agent, which she added is really impressive.

The tolerability is really where it shines, Armstrong told attendees. It has rates of diarrhea and nausea similar to placebo, and there are low rates of acne and zoster, she explained, but overall the discontinuation rates was lowest for patients on deucravacitinib when compared with patients on placebo or apremilast.

Before initiating treatment, Armstrong noted patients should be evaluated for tuberculosis and baseline liver and hepatitis serologies should be checked in patients with known or suspected liver disease. However, ongoing monitoring is only needed if the patient has liver disease or unmanaged triglycerides.

Im very excited about the possible extension to our pediatric population in the future, Armstrong said. She detailed a phase 3 trial (NCT04772079) is currently underway for pediatric patients with moderate to severe plaque psoriasis looking at safety and efficacy in that patient population. The study is looking at 2 doses across 2 cohorts based on ages (4 to 12 and 12 to 18 years).

The oral phosphodiesterase 4 (PDE4) inhibitor apremilast is also a new medication that has shown efficacy in pediatric patients, according to Armstrong. It currenly is approved for adults regardless of severity, she said. She shared results of a placebo-controlled study of patients with moderate to severe plaque psoriasis aged 6 to 17 years that found almost one-third were clear or almost clear at week 16 (vs 11% for placebo).

Armstrong briefly noted 2 innovative products in the pipeline. JNJ-77242113 is an oral therapeutic peptide selectively targeting IL-23R, she told attendees.4 DC-806 allosterically blocks the same biochemical step as the anti-IL-17 antibodies.

In the topical category, Armstrong pointed to tapinarof and roflumilast as novel non-steroidal agents. Tapinarof, currently approved for adult patients, is an aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) agonist that reduces TH17 cytokines; increases antioxidant activity via Nrf2 pathway; increases filaggrin, loricrin, and involucrin, and decreases Th2 cytokines. The PSOARING 1 study found that 40% of patients on tapinarof 1% cream daily achieved PASI 75 by week 12. Armstrong added that when tapinarof is stopped, patients are able to maintain clear/almost clear status for about 4 months. My opinion is it is probably similar to or stronger than a class 3 topical steroid, she told attendees. Armstrong is hopeful it will become available for pediatric patients in the near future.

Roflumilast is a PDE4 inhibitor approved for patients aged 6 years and older, Armstrong said. Overall it is quite well tolerated. In my opinion, it is probably similar to a class 3 topical steroid, she said. She uses it in clinical practice, but there are some tricks to make sure your patient has access to it, and knowing which local pharmacies are used to working with it.

References

1. Armstrong A. Updates in Psoriasis Management and New Therapeutics. Presented at: 36th Annual Pre-AAD Meeting of the Society for Pediatric Dermatology; March 7, 2024. San Diego, California.

2. Sarfraz R. H16 Arsenic to biologics: psoriasis treatment through the ages. British Journal of Dermatology. 2023; 188(Supplement 4. ljad113.298

3. Landells I, Marano C, Hsu MC, et al. Ustekinumab in adolescent patients age 12 to 17 years with moderate-to-severe plaque psoriasis: results of the randomized phase 3 CADMUS study. J Am Acad Dermatol. 2015;73(4):594-603. doi:10.1016/j.jaad.2015.07.002

4. Bissonnette R, Pinter A, Ferris LK, et al. An Oral Interleukin-23-Receptor Antagonist Peptide for Plaque Psoriasis. N Engl J Med. 2024;390(6):510-521. doi:10.1056/NEJMoa2308713

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Evolution and Innovation in Treating Psoriasis in Pediatric Patients - Dermatology Times

Understanding the links between psoriasis and psoriatic arthritis – The Irish Times

Most people are familiar with the common skin condition, psoriasis, which causes a scaly, lumpy rash on the backs of elbows, front of knees, the scalp and other parts of the body. But, the autoimmune disease, psoriatic arthritis, which about a third of people with psoriasis also suffer from, is much less well known.

There is currently no diagnostic blood test for psoriatic arthritis.

A group undertaking an international study is seeking to better understand the links between the two conditions, with the aim to find out why some people with psoriasis go on to develop psoriatic arthritis and what treatment would work best to halt its development.

Prof Oliver Fitzgerald, research professor in rheumatology at the Conway Institute at University College Dublin and Prof Steve Pennington, professor of proteomics at UCD, are leading the Irish arm of the Hippocrates consortium study. We have about 350 patients so far, but we are keen to have 2,000, so we are interested in anyone aged 18 or over diagnosed with psoriasis to join the study, says Prof Fitzgerald.

Prof Oliver Fitzgerald.

Those who choose to partake in the study will be required to fill out a questionnaire every six months over three years. Details required are the extent of their psoriasis, current treatments and if they have noted any emerging symptoms of arthritis.

Prof Fitzgerald says that, ultimately, the identification of distinct biomarkers for psoriatic arthritis could lead to earlier treatment and possibly even prevention of the condition. The researchers also hope to identify a potential blood test which would diagnose psoriatic arthritis. It shares some symptoms of joint pain, swelling and loss of function with rheumatoid arthritis but it has some features which are different, says Prof Fitzgerald.

[Cerebral palsy: It is tough hearing that news, but it is far tougher when you have to fight for the best care for your child]

These distinguishing features include how the toes and fingers swell to look like little sausages, pain and stiffness in the spine that gets worse with rest yet improves with exercise. And pain and inflammation in the tendon and ligaments attached to the bone, for example, in the Achilles tendon attached to the heel.

I always tell my students that you have to be hunting for psoriatic arthritis to find it and the psoriasis doesnt always have to be very severe to have it. It could be between the buttocks, under the arm pits or under the breasts in women, he explains.

Some studies have found that scalp psoriasis may be a risk factor for psoriatic arthritis. And both conditions also have a genetic component as they tend to run in families. A delayed diagnosis can result in treatments starting later, allowing the joints to deteriorate further in the intervening time.

[I felt like I was going to die: Recovering from early heart failure at the age of 36]

Some of the newer biologic treatments seen as a game changer in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis work very well in clearing the psoriasis but dont improve the condition of the joints. The problem is that we dont know which patients suit which treatment. We also want to find this out in the study, says Prof Fitzgerald.

The information submitted by those who join the study will be reviewed every six months and individuals will be given feedback on their submissions.

We will advise those who we identify with symptoms of psoriatic arthritis to seek medical assessment, but we also advise people with psoriatic to remain as active as they can to prevent further loss of function of their joints, he adds.

Originally posted here:

Understanding the links between psoriasis and psoriatic arthritis - The Irish Times

Scientists Discover Bizarre and Ancient Fossilized Forest – Futurism

Calling Dr. Seuss. Strange New World

In a picturesque corner of England, along dramatic sandstone cliffs, researchers from the Universities of Cambridge and Cardiff have uncovered a wondrous discovery: 390-million-year-old fossilized remains of the oldest forest ever found.

Tantalizingly, this forest is unlike anything you could see in today's natural environment. As detailed in a new paper in the Journal of Geological Study, the trees which look like giant 13-foot thistles are considered some of the first to appear in our planet's long history.

Another notable feature about these trees, known as Calamophyton,is that they had hollow trunks and were composed of smaller, multiple trunk-like strands ringing the hollow. The smaller trees would expand and eventually grow so thick and big that the entire structure would split apart.

"This was a pretty weird forest not like any forest you would see today, said Cambridge Earth Sciences professor and the paper's first author Neil Davies in a statement. "There wasnt any undergrowth to speak of and grass hadnt yet appeared, but there were lots of twigs dropped by these densely-packed trees, which had a big effect on the landscape."

Researchers found the ancient forest in South West England, specifically on the coast of Devon and Somerset counties. Fossilized remains includelogs, branches, stumps and other traces of these prototype trees.

The forest grew in the pivotal Devonian Period, approximately 359 to 419 million years ago, which was a remarkable time in Earth's history that saw the establishment of the first land animals and the first plants to reproduce by seeds.

The discovery adds further understanding to how the first forests shaped the land, the researchers explained. Shed branches from these trees helped build up sediment over the years and which in turn impacted the course of ancient rivers.

"The Devonian period fundamentally changed life on Earth," said Davies. "It also changed how water and land interacted with each other, since trees and other plants helped stabilize sediment through their root systems, but little is known about the very earliest forests."

More on fossils: Amazing Fossil Froze Dinosaur in Death Match With Prehistoric Monster

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Scientists Discover Bizarre and Ancient Fossilized Forest - Futurism

Boeing Whistleblower’s Attorneys Say They "Didn’t See Any Indication" of Suicide Risk – Futurism

After Boeing whistleblower John Barnett's tragic death during his deposition against the company, the man's attorneys are speaking out about his alleged suicide.

The 62-year-old Louisiana-based whistleblower had traveled to Charleston, South Carolina to finally be deposed for his 2017 Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) complaint against his ex-employer when, as his attorney Brian Knowles told the Corporate Crime Reporter blog, he failed to show up to one of the sessions over the weekend.

Knowles and his co-counsel, Rob Turkewitz, were unable to reach Barnett by phone and thus contacted the hotel he was staying at which was when the retired Boeing worker's body was found in his car.

In an initial autopsy report, as local and national news indicates, the Charleston County Coronoer's Office said that the 32-year Boeing employee appeared to have died from a self-inflicted gunshot wound but his lawyers, Knowles and Tukewitz, are urging investigators to take a closer look.

"John was in the midst of a deposition in his whistleblower retaliation case, which finally was nearing the end," the attorneys toldFuturism in an emailed statement. "He was in very good spirits and really looking forward to putting this phase of his life behind him and moving on."

"We didn't see any indication he would take his own life," the statement continues. "No one can believe it."

Although Barnett did indicate that his time at Boeing, where he spent 32 years in quality control and multiple decades as a manager, resulted in stress after his superiors began retaliating against him for raising safety concerns at the company's SC plant, previous reports have not suggested that he had deeper mental health issues or experienced suicidal ideation.

To be fair, people who plan to end their lives don't always show visible signs of risk. But given that Barnett was, as his attorneys pointed out, nearing the end of his protracted battle, the circumstances surrounding his untimely death do indeed seem eyebrow-raising.

In statements to theBBC and other media outlets, Boeing offered condolences on Barnett's death and said its "thoughts are with his family and friends." We've reached out to the company to ask if it has a response to the lawyers' latest statement.

Charleston police, meanwhile, have said that they're "actively investigating this case and are awaiting the formal cause of death, along with any additional findings that might shed further light on the circumstances" of Barnett's death, as sergeant Anthony Gibson told local broadcaster WCSC.

The whistleblower's attorneys said in their statement that they urge investigators to look into Barnett's death "fully and accurately," adding that "no detail can be left unturned."

"We are all devasted," Knowles and Turkewitz wrote. "We need more information about what happened to John."

More on Boeing:Pilot Lost Control of Boeing Jet Because Gauges Went Blank," Causing Nosedive

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Boeing Whistleblower's Attorneys Say They "Didn't See Any Indication" of Suicide Risk - Futurism

NASA Craft Hunting Alien Life Will Carry a New Message From Humanity – Futurism

An incredible time capsule. Anyone There?

One of NASA's latest probesis carrying on the grand tradition of blasting humanity's message out to the cosmos and this one's searching for life outside of our pale blue dot.

As Gizmodo reports, the space agency has recruited a nonprofit specializing in research and design for future interstellar messaging to assist in its quest not only to find whether Jupiter's icy moon Europa harbors the conditions for life, but also to communicate with anyone or anything that may come across the craft, too.

That nonprofit, named METI International after its "Messages to Extraterrestrial Intelligence" concept, toldGizmodo that the Europa Clipper mission was a "natural match" for its organization.

"METIs earliest contribution to the project draws on the science of linguistics, which identifies the major families of languages on Earth," METI founder and president Douglas Vakoch told the website in an email. "This let us identify a broadly representative sampling of languages to feature on the message plate."

In a commemorative plate mounted onto the roughly-triangular probe, NASA has inscribed a handwritten version of "In Praise of Mystery: A Poem for Europa," which was penned by US Poet Laureate Ada Limn specifically for the mission.

The craft also contains a far-out etching of a bottle surrounded by rings a reference to the agency's "Message in a Bottle" campaign, which urged the public to send their names to be included on the probe. In a microchip at the bottle's center, more than 2.6 million names were stenciled using an electron beam at NASA and CalTech's Jet Propulsion Laboratory.

One of the mission's coolest communiqus, however, is on the other side of the craft. With METI's help, NASA compiled recordings of people saying the word "water" in 103 global languages and converted them into visual waveforms. Those waveforms were then etched onto the probe in a beautiful starburst design, with the American Sign Language symbol for water resting at its center.

In a nod to our species' own quest to find intelligent life, NASA also included the "Drake equation," named after revered astronomer Frank Drake, who in 1961 developed a formula to try to determine how many advanced civilizations may be out there.

Ultimately, as Vokoch explains, the Europa Clipper's message is more of a time capsule of sorts for future humans than its predecessors sent out on the Pioneer and Voyager missions.

"The more we developed the various parts of the message to be attached to the Europa Clipper," the METI founder told Gizmodo, "the clearer it became that none of these could be interpreted if they were discovered by someone who wasnt already familiar with the contents."

Whether discovered by alien civilizations or by future humans, the Europa Clipper's "message in a bottle" may not make sense to anyone who may find it but ultimately, as its collaborator says, that's beside the point.

More on extraterrestrial life: Scientists Check Whether Space Telescope Could Detect Life on Earth

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NASA Craft Hunting Alien Life Will Carry a New Message From Humanity - Futurism

Elon Musk Thinks Cannibals Are Invading the United States – Futurism

In his latest racist outburst, multihyphenate billionaire Elon Musk joined other conservative pundits in accusing Haitian migrants of being "cannibals," arguing that they shouldn't be allowed to move to the US.

The news comes after political unrest in the island nation came to a head this week. On Monday, Haiti's prime minister Ariel Henry agreed to resign if other Caribbean nations were to form a transitional government on behalf of the country. The statement angered Haitians, triggering mass protests, with tires being burned in the streets.

Meanwhile, Musk took to his social media platform X to further unverified and sensationalist claims of cannibalism arising out of the conflict, as NBC reports.

Case in point, today, the mercurial CEO tweeted a link to a video that claimed to show evidence of cannibalism in Haiti in response to the report.

The video was promptly taken down by X, Axios reports, which stated that the video had violated its rules.

In other words, even Musk's own social media company isn't willing to support his increasingly racist anti-immigration posts.

Ever since Musk took over the company formerly known as Twitter, hate speech has flourished on the platform. The billionaire has spread his own share of misinformation as well, from bogus COVID-19 data to false information about the Israel-Gaza conflict.

Musk has also made plenty of his own racist remarks on his platform. In January, he argued that Black students at Historically Black Colleges and Universities (HBCUs) have lower IQs and therefore shouldn't become pilots ridiculous claims that were met with horror by civil rights groups.

Most recently, the billionaire took aim at the people of Haiti, playing into debunked tropes.

Over the weekend, Musk tweeted "cannibal gangs..." in response to a clip by right-wing commentator Matt Walsh about unrest in Haiti.

"Civilization is fragile," he wrote in response to another since-deleted video, which claimed to show footage of a "cannibal gang eating body parts."

This week, Musk joined right-wing commentator Ian Miles Cheong, who argued on X earlier this week that there were "cannibal gangs in Haiti who abduct and eat people."

"If wanting to screen immigrants for potential homicidal tendencies and cannibalism makes me 'right wing,' then I would gladly accept such a label!" an incensed Musk wrote in a reply to a separate post in which Cheong complained about the NBC report. "Failure to do so would put innocent Americans in [sic] mortal risk," he added, failing to provide any evidence for his outlandish claims.

As experts have since pointed out, the posts were likely the result of gang propaganda campaigns designed to stoke fear, as NBC reports. While it's still possible that the odd gang leaders are indeed capable of such ghoulish acts, generalizing these claims is not only misleading a State Department spokesperson told the broadcaster that it had received no credible reports of cannibalism but even clearly playing into racist tropes that date back to colonial times.

There's also the issue of basic human decency. Through no fault of its residents, Haiti is in crisis; instead of wondering how the country he immigrated to could help, Musk is punching down at the most extreme examples of social dysfunction he can find online.

"It is very disturbing that Elon Musk would repeat these absurdities that do, indeed, have a long history," Yale University professor of French and African diaspora studies Marlene Daut told NBC.

In short, it's yet another troubling sign of Musk's descent into extreme right-wing circles, while using his considerable following and social media network to further conspiracy theories and racist disinformation.

"A whole population is getting blamed for what some psycho gang members are doing," Washington-based lawyer and moderator of the subreddit r/Haiti, told NBC. "It is racist. It is dehumanizing."

More on Musk: Elon Musk Deletes Tweet Saying Ex-Wives Responsible for Collapse of Civilization

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Elon Musk Thinks Cannibals Are Invading the United States - Futurism

Scientists Check Whether Space Telescope Could Detect Life on Earth – Futurism

A pretty smart reality check! Planet Here

We have some truly epic news.

There is indeed life on Earth.

A team of American and European scientists have confirmed this not-so-surprising observation after they simulated the workings of a proposed space telescope, and then focused the telescope on Earth, treating it like a distant exoplanet to see if the instrument could pick up evidence of life.

In this kind-of-round-about way, the scientists can estimate the future performance of the space telescope, called LIFE or Large Interferometer For Exoplanets, when it's deployed into space to search for exoplanets that are similar to our own.

The scientists detailed the findings in a study published in The Astronomical Journal. Currently, there is no exact date when the LIFE telescope being overseen by the Swiss university ETH Zrich would start getting built, but this paper at least shows that its ambitions are viable.

The scientists created a synthetic version of Earth and had a simulated version of the telescope examine it for "biosignatures," or chemicals in the atmosphere that would indicate life such as nitrous oxide and methylated halogens.

"[T]hese biogenic gases is most consistent with a productive global photosynthetic biosphere," the scientists write.

The LIFE telescope, which would actually be made up of five satellites working in tandem, would operate by picking up infrared radiation in exoplanets' atmosphere. From this raw data, scientists hope they'd be able to calculate the chemical composition of the exoplanets' atmosphere.

The ultimate goal of the ambitious project is to study in further detail 30 to 50 exoplanets that are of similar size to Earth and see if there's is any glimmer of life in their atmospheres. Astronomers will be focusing their search on systems that are at most 65 light years away from us.

If LIFE is indeed deployed, it may go a long way towards answering one of the universe's biggest mysteries: are we alone?

More on space telescopes: James Webb Spots "Extremely Red" Black Hole

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Scientists Check Whether Space Telescope Could Detect Life on Earth - Futurism

Vaping Linked to Mental Health Issues – Futurism

Image by Getty / Futurism

Vaping might not be as unhealthy as smoking cigarettes, but it carries its own long list of physical risks. And now, new research indicates it may be harmful to mental health and sleep patterns, too.

As researchers from England's University of Surrey have found, young adults aged 18-25 who use nicotine vape products were significantly more likely to experience a range of mental health issues than their non-vaping peers, including depression, anxiety, and rumination or dwelling on negative thoughts, as well as sleep issues like insomnia and emotional problems such as loneliness.

Published in the journal Healthcare, this new study surveyed more than 300 university students, about 15 percent of whom did vape and the other 85 percent of whom didn't, using a battery of questionnaires related to mindfulness and emotional regulation, anxiety and depression, rumination, sleep quality, loneliness, self-compassion and, of course, vaping and cigarette usage.

Of the 49 students who were vape users, there were some traits seen across the board, including lower levels of mindfulness, worse sleep quality, and heightened levels of rumination. They tended to be lonelierand have both less compassion for themselves and a much higher tendency of being diurnal or "night owls" than their non-vaping counterparts. Furthermore, the vape group also "reported significantly higher levels of alcohol consumption in terms of units consumed per week," the study notes.

Perhaps the biggest shared characteristic among the vaping group, as Surrey neuroscience lecturer and study co-author Dr. Simon Evans said in the university's press release, was an overwhelming tendency towards anxiety, with a whopping "95.9 percent of users being categorized as having clinical levels of anxiety symptoms."

"In this study, we found a disturbing link between vape use and anxiety symptoms," Evans continued, "and it can become a vicious cycle of using a vape to soothe anxiety but then being unable to sleep, making you feel worse in the long run."

With data from other studies about cigarette smoking suggesting that mindfulness, or the attenuation to one's emotional and mental regulation in the moment, can help with smoking cessation, the good doctor said that there may well be interventions regarding mindfulness and "combating rumination" that "could be useful to reduce vape use amongst young people."

Important to note: this is a type of research where it's very hard to pin down the relationship between correlation and causation. Are the students anxious because they're vaping, or do anxious kids tend to gravitate to vaping for a variety of social and psychological reasons? It's tough to say, and probably complicated.

That said, it's pretty amazing that such a small percentage of the youthful group surveyed for this study vaped at all, suggesting that the kids may be more alright than we give them credit for, relatively speaking.

More on mental health: Scientists Find Link Between ADHD, Depression and Hypersexuality

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Google Bans Its Dimwit Chatbot From Answering Any Election Questions – Futurism

This is way too far-reaching. Elect Me Not

In further efforts to defang its prodigal chatbot, Google has set up guardrails that bar its Gemini AI from answering any election questions in any country where elections are taking place this year even, it seems, if it's not about a specific country's campaigns.

In a blog post, Google announced that it would be "supporting the 2024 Indian General Election" by restricting Gemini from providing responses to any election-related query "out of an abundance of caution on such an important topic."

"We take our responsibility for providing high-quality information for these types of queries seriously," the company said, "and are continuously working to improve our protections."

The company apparently takes that responsibility so seriously that it's not only restricting Gemini's election responses in India, but also, as it confirmed toTechCrunch, literally everywhere in the world.

Indeed, whenFuturism tested out Gemini's guardrails by asking it a question about elections in another country, we were presented with the same responseTechCrunch and other outlets got: "I'm still learning how to answer this question. In the meantime, try Google Search."

The response doesn't just go for general election queries, either. If you ask the chatbot to tell you who Dutch far-right politician Geert Wilders is, it presents you with the same disingenuous response. The same goes for Donald Trump, Barack Obama, Nancy Pelosi, and Mitch McConnell.

Notably, there are pretty easy ways to get around these guardrails. When asking Gemini who the president of New Zealand is, it responded by saying that that country has a prime minister and then naming who it is. When we followed up asking who the prime minister of New Zealand is, however, it reverted back to the "I'm still learning" response.

This lobotomizing effect comes after the company's botched rollout of the newly-rebranded chatbot last month, which sawFuturism and other outlets discoveringthat in its efforts to be inclusive, Gemini was often generating outputs that were completely deranged.

The world became wise to Gemini's ways after people began posting photos from its image generator that appeared to show multiracial people in Nazi regalia. In response, Google first shut down Gemini's image-generating capabilities wholesale, and once it was back up, it barred the chatbot from generating any images of people, (though Futurism found that it would spit out images of clowns, for some reason.)

With the introduction of the elections rule, Google has taken Gemini from arguably being overly-"woke" to being downright dimwitted.

As such, it illustrates a core tension in the red-hot AI industry: are these chatbots reliable sources of information for enterprise clients, or playthings that shouldn't ever be taken seriously? The answer seems to depend on the day.

More on dumb chatbots: TurboTax Adds AI That Gives Horribly Wrong Answers to Tax Questions

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Google Bans Its Dimwit Chatbot From Answering Any Election Questions - Futurism